WO2019063121A1 - Procédé pour fabriquer un élément optiquement variable, ainsi qu'élément correspondant - Google Patents

Procédé pour fabriquer un élément optiquement variable, ainsi qu'élément correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019063121A1
WO2019063121A1 PCT/EP2018/000447 EP2018000447W WO2019063121A1 WO 2019063121 A1 WO2019063121 A1 WO 2019063121A1 EP 2018000447 W EP2018000447 W EP 2018000447W WO 2019063121 A1 WO2019063121 A1 WO 2019063121A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
relief
elements
partial
created
shape
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/000447
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Imhof
Original Assignee
Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh filed Critical Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh
Priority to EP18779562.0A priority Critical patent/EP3687826B1/fr
Publication of WO2019063121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019063121A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/378—Special inks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
    • B44F1/08—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects characterised by colour effects
    • B44F1/10—Changing, amusing, or secret pictures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an optically variable element and to a corresponding element.
  • Data carriers such as security documents or ID documents, but also other valuables, such as branded goods, are often provided with elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carrier and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • Optically variable elements show different representations to a viewer depending on the viewing angle.
  • an embossed structure and a contrasting coating such optically variable elements can be produced.
  • the embossed structure and the coating are coordinated so that different subjects become visible (or not visible) to the observer under different viewing angles or a motif moves.
  • WO 02/20280 A1 WO 2006/018232 A1 or DE 10 2014 012207 A1 show coated embossed structures with motif change.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a flexible but cost-effective production method for optically variable elements, which in particular also allows to create optically variable elements on the target substrate. This object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
  • a basic idea of the present solution is to additively produce the relief elements of a relief structure, which are conventionally produced by embossing, by means of printing in several sub-steps.
  • the approach turns out to be advantageous.
  • a relief structure is created and the created relief structure selectively modified, for example, colored.
  • the relief structure comprises a multiplicity of relief elements which lie next to one another in a plane and have a relief shape which is not parallel to the plane.
  • the created relief structure is selectively modified.
  • the modification and the relief shape of the relief elements are coordinated with one another such that for a viewer the modified relief structure shows different representations depending on the viewing angle.
  • the relief structure is at least partially created by means of an additive method, wherein for relief elements in each case a plurality of sub-steps of the additive method are carried out and the sub-steps, the relief shape of the relief element is determined.
  • the relief elements may, for example, be pimples, cones, pyramids (with a quadrangular or polygonal floor plan), truncated pyramids (with a four- or n-square layout), truncated cone, round nubb or gelabrough be formed.
  • the relief elements may have a directional surface as a relief shape.
  • the relief element with a directed surface may be, for example, a round or n-shaped, preferably quadrangular or hexagonal, surface.
  • the surface elements are preferably arranged adjacent to one another and / or gap-filling. The surface can be described by its orientation and its inclination (to the plane of the relief structure) and optionally by its height in relief.
  • the relief element can be designed as a relief line, for example roof-shaped with two flanks or with a round cross-section.
  • the relief elements are preferably arranged side by side in a (one or) two-dimensional relief grid.
  • the relief elements can be arranged in the relief frame at a distance or without spacing.
  • the relief elements with the relief shape (which is not parallel to the plane of the relief elements) have locally different heights. Due to the additive substeps, the relief element becomes locally different
  • the height profile of the relief elements is insofar the generated relief shape.
  • the relief form of the relief elements in the first embodiments is uniform.
  • the relief elements are formed differently only by the modification.
  • Previously are relief elements with identical relief form in the relief structure next to each other.
  • the relief shapes of the relief elements already differ from each other in the relief structure.
  • the relief elements differ, but the different relief elements do not yet form an optically variable structure. It is only through the selective modification of the relief elements that the observer recognizes the visual variability.
  • the relief elements of a relief structure may differ in their relief shape or size (or base area).
  • the relief elements in a relic ef Design may be different areas or different in a repeating pattern, each different in terms of relief shape and / or size.
  • the sub-steps for generating the relief shape are preferably carried out by means of additive printing.
  • additive printing it is possible to print by means of an inkjet process, wherein preferably (UV) curable ink is printed and (UV) cured.
  • the creation of the relief elements can also be done by means of (laser) stereolithography.
  • the relief shape could be generated additively by means of selective laser sintering when creating the relief elements.
  • the sub-steps of creating can also be done by screen printing or gravure.
  • screen printing or gravure printing relief elements are preferably produced with a height of 20-80 ⁇ / s.
  • Several round-round or flat-flat screen printing steps can be combined. For example, in a first partial step, a relief partial element or a screen printing layer with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m is produced.
  • the modification is printed as a color layer on the structures (by means of, for example, inkjet, offset, gravure printing).
  • the same material is added in the substeps.
  • the sub-steps within the relief element can be executed differently.
  • the substeps may be performed differently with respect to the amount of added material and / or with respect to a process parameter for the added material.
  • a process parameter in particular a temperature and / or a curing of a curable material can be varied.
  • the material preferably has higher temperature increased viscosity.
  • the added material can be cured differently in the partial steps, for example immediately completely cured, pre-cured or uncured.
  • the material applied in the partial steps is preferably a radiation-hardening material (UV / IR-curing).
  • the material is opaque, but in embodiments, transparent material can also be used.
  • the material is - at least on its surface - shiny or reflective, especially metallic reflective.
  • the relief element can thus be made reflective or by a reflective coating. It is also conceivable, first apply first material and only in final substeps (for the visible surface of the relief element) to use reflective material.
  • the coating can be a smoothing coating and / or a coating and / or a reflective coating.
  • the relief partial elements of at least one relief element, preferably several relief elements in one area, particularly preferably all relief elements of the relief structure, are coated together.
  • the relief elements are created in several preforming substeps with a first relief material and in a final, smoothing sub-step created with a second smoothing relief material.
  • the preforming and smoothing sub-steps thus form the shaping sub-steps for the relief element.
  • the smoothing relief material (or the coating) may include coloring / effect pigments and / or reflective pigments.
  • the pigments in the material are floating. Floating pigments are also referred to as leafing pigments. The pigments thus accumulate after application of the material on top of the binder.
  • Selective dyeing of the relief structure can be effected in particular by printing or lasering.
  • the added material may be a laser-sensitive material in (some or all of) sub-steps. Alternatively, a coating with laser-sensitive material.
  • the selective modification takes place in particular in a modification grid, which is adapted to the grid of the relief elements. Only preferred are the rasters identical. The selective modification can also take place by means of further additive substeps. Reference is made, for example, to DE 102011114647 AI.
  • the selective modification is preferably carried out by printing lines on the relief structure in at least one color, particularly preferably alternately different monochrome.
  • the lines occupy between 40-90% of the surface of the additively generated relief element or the relief structure.
  • the different colored lines, in the CIE-LAB color space differ in their hue.
  • Particularly preferred is the difference between the shades of adjacent lines by at least 40 units for the values
  • the step of selectively modifying makes the relief structure optically variable.
  • a change of subject and / or motive movement can thereby be generated for the viewer.
  • the subject shown may disappear (or become visible to the observer) or switch to another subject or move.
  • pumping movements, rotating movements or linear movements are known as movements.
  • the relief structure may include a embossing portion and a formative portion created thereon.
  • the embossed portion of the relief elements is formed from identical embossing elements. Starting from a uniform embossed structure can thus be formed a relief structure with different relief elements.
  • the uniform embossed structure is supplemented only in a range additive to the relief structure.
  • the embossed portion of the relief elements may also be formed from different embossing elements.
  • an embossed structure with differently oriented flat relief elements can be provided in a region with the relief portion.
  • the height of the relief elements is between 5 and 500 ⁇ .
  • a height of the relief element of 100 ⁇ to 300 ⁇ ⁇ is generated. More preferably, the relief element has an edge with slopes of 5 to 85 degrees, more preferably from 40 to 85 degrees.
  • the present method can also be used to create relief elements with novel relief shapes. The partial steps generate the locally different height of the relief elements. In contrast to the embossing but now also an undercut can be generated. Embossed elements can be created with relief shapes or partial surfaces in the angular range of +/- 90 degrees to the plane of the elements. Maximum vertical (90 degrees) can in particular be a side wall of the embossed relief element.
  • the relief structure comprises at least two relief elements with a relief shape, which have an angle of more than 90 degrees to the plane in a section, wherein the two sections have different, preferably opposite, orientations.
  • a primer is first applied, for example sprayed on, before the relief material is applied additively.
  • the primer causes a smoothing and / or better adhesion.
  • the optically variable element comprises additional information which can be recognized by means of UV or IR light.
  • the relief material, the material of the modification or the imprint are IR and / or UV active (in particular absorbent or luminescent).
  • the relief structure may comprise, in addition to the additively created relief elements, further relief elements which have been produced in particular by means of (blind) embossing or intaglio printing.
  • the present optically variable element comprised a relief structure formed from a plurality of adjacent in a plane relief elements, the relief elements have a non-planar-parallel relief shape; and a modification (for example coloring) coloring of the relief structure, wherein the modification and the relief shape of the relief elements are coordinated with one another such that for a viewer the modified relief structure shows different representations depending on the viewing angle.
  • the relief elements comprise additively created relief partial elements which determine the relief shape of the relief element.
  • the optically variable element can be produced as described above. It can be generated both on an intermediate carrier to be transferred from the subcarrier to a target substrate or generated directly on a target substrate.
  • the optically variable element can be used in particular as a security element for value documents, such as banknotes or passports, or as a design element for packaging.
  • Fig. 2a, b, c three relief elements of different relief form with imprint in each case in cross section and in plan view;
  • Fig. 3a, b, c three additively generated relief elements with corresponding relief shape in cross section;
  • FIG. 6a, b two different honeycomb-shaped, relief elements with additive produced share on uniform embossing in cross-section and in plan view; two different honeycomb-shaped, relief elements with partly additive produced share on non-uniform embossing in cross-section and in plan view; and schematic representation of an apparatus for producing an optically variable element with additive substeps.
  • the optically variable security element 6 is a patch that has been transferred to the substrate. Such a patch can be designed with or without its own carrier layer, such as film.
  • the security element 6 is regularly by means of pressure and / or heat, for example by means of a heat sealing lacquer, fixed on the substrate.
  • the optically variable security element 7 was created directly on the substrate 2 (or its imprint 3).
  • the optically variable security element 8 is a security thread which lies on the substrate 2, is completely embedded therein (and is only visible through openings / windows in the substrate) or is partially embedded in the substrate and lies partially thereon.
  • the optically variable security element 9 is arranged overlapping with, here completely in, the security element 8. It can be a locally created or transmitted element.
  • Each of the optically variable elements 6, 7, 8, 9 may have been constructed according to the present method.
  • FIGS. 2 a to 2 c show three examples of relief elements 10 with imprint 20 for optically variable security elements with a relief structure.
  • the relief elements 10 are each shown in cross section (upper half of the illustration) and in plan view (lower half of the illustration).
  • the relief elements 10 differ in their relief shape from each other.
  • the imprint 20 is designed differently.
  • FIG. 2 a shows a relief element 10 with a triangular cross-section, which is of line-shaped design.
  • the imprint 20 is punctiform, for example, as part of a screened imprint, applied to an edge of the relief element 10.
  • Fig. 2b shows a relief element 10 with an oval cross-section.
  • the relief elements 10 and 11 are - like knobs formed and - arranged side by side in the relief structure.
  • the imprint 20 is designed as a linear example in FIG.
  • WO 2006/018232 AI shows to Fig. 2b a variety of alternative relief shapes for the relief demesem, in particular pyramidal with different bases, cones, cylindrical or oval (possibly as a stump) and considered non-linear imprints, similar to in Fig. 2a enable a motif change.
  • DE 102011114647 A1 is an example of another possible form of modification of the relief structure which is not formed by a print (or alternatively a laser).
  • individual relief elements are modified in their relief form.
  • Fig. 2c shows a relief element 10, which is designed with a flat, directed surface. In Fig. 2c, the surface is inclined at a certain angle to the right and provided with a full-surface imprint 20.
  • the orientation is symbolized by an arrow in the lower illustration.
  • the imprint could also be part of the surface, for example punctiform, designed.
  • An adjacent relief element 11 may, as shown, have a different (or the same) orientation and (also have a similar or different-colored imprint) or - as shown - be free of an imprint.
  • the relief elements may differ from each other in particular with respect to orientation and angle of inclination.
  • orientation and angle of inclination For example in WO
  • the directional surface of the relief element 10 is in particular a reflective surface.
  • the relief element 10 is honeycomb-shaped in Fig. 2c, but may also have rectangular, square or similar also surface-filling shape in plan view.
  • the relief structure comprises a plurality of corresponding directly adjacent relief elements whose orientation can be selected individually.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3c show how the relief elements 10 shown in FIGS. 2a to c can be created additively from different relief subelements.
  • Fig. 3a shows a triangular relief element 10, which is generated by additive printing of three relief partial elements 31, 32 and 33.
  • the same relief material is preferably printed one above the other in succession in the three partial steps.
  • the relief partial elements 31, 32, 33 have been generated differently, so in particular are not identical in shape.
  • the relief partial element 31 was at higher Temperature (and thus greater viscosity of the material) and optionally produced with a larger amount of material. Due to the increased viscosity, a flat and wide relief partial element 31 forms.
  • the partial relief element 32 was generated at a second (eg normal) temperature and optionally with a second amount.
  • the relief element 10 comprises at least the three overlapping relief partial elements, which are recognizable in cross section. It can be seen that the relief shape of the relief element 10 is determined by the substeps of the additive method.
  • Relief element may include a plurality of (linear) adjacent relief partial elements or may be designed linear.
  • the relief partial elements 31, 32, 33 can be two-stage, by means of (UV)
  • each relief partial element 31, 32, 33 can be individually cured after its application.
  • the hardened relief partial elements 31, 32, 33 can then be completely cured together.
  • the relief partial elements 31, 32, 33 may, for example, have been produced one after the other with a (the same) print head or also successively with different print heads.
  • Fig. 3b shows a semicircular (or knob-shaped) relief element 10, which comprises three relief partial elements 34, 35 and 36.
  • the relief shape of the relief element 10 is again generated by means of correspondingly adapted sub-steps of the printing.
  • the relief material and / or the selected temperature lead to an adaptation of the relief partial elements 35, 36 to the shape of the first relief partial element.
  • An adaptation of the parameter application width of the added material could also have been varied in the present case. It In each case the same material is applied additive in at least three partial steps in order to produce the relief element with the relief mold.
  • Fig. 3c shows the directional surface of the relief element 10 of Fig. 2c, which was generated additive.
  • the relief element 10 comprises a plurality of relief partial elements 37, 38 and 39.
  • the relief partial elements are in turn designed or produced differently.
  • the relief partial elements 37 are produced with more material and increased temperature.
  • the Reliefteiletti 38 are created with average amount of material and average application temperature.
  • the relief partial elements 39 are produced as flat relief partial elements, for example by a small amount and a further elevated temperature.
  • relief elements 39 delimiting the relief element are produced with another relief material.
  • the other relief material may preferably have reflective properties if the actual relief material is, for example, (transparent or opaque and) non-reflective.
  • Each of the relief elements 10 from FIGS. 3 a to 3 c is one of the plurality of relief elements of a relief structure which, as described above, together with a modification of the relief structure, for example by an imprint, serves as an optically variable element.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further preferred variant for producing a relief element 10.
  • a plurality of relief partial elements 41, 42 is created additively in order to determine the relief shape.
  • the relief element (individually or together with a plurality of relief elements) is provided with a smoothing, preferably reflective, coating 45.
  • the relief elements 10 should reflect primarily according to their orientation.
  • the surface which is formed by the relief partial elements 42 Even if reflective material is already used, it may not reflect adequately.
  • the smoothing coating 45 takes place.
  • the coating comprises floating, reflecting pigments 46. The pigments therefore accumulate on the binder 47 on the upper side of the coating 45. A surface which reflects in a particularly well-directed manner is formed.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 show variants in which relief elements 11, 12 are created completely additively (FIG. 5) or are formed from a stamping component and an additive-produced component (FIGS. 6 and 7).
  • Fig. 5a shows in cross-section - along the line A of Fig. 5b - two relief elements 11 and 12. Both relief elements are formed in substeps additive from the relief sub-elements 51, 52 and 53. The partial steps are adapted so that the relief element 11 has a first inclination angle (35 degrees) and the relief element 12 has a second inclination angle (25 degrees). The orientation of the adjacent relief elements 11, 12, as indicated in Fig. 5b by the arrows, identical. Both relief elements are completely created by additive substeps. It would also be conceivable to provide a first subregion (not shown) as an embossed relief and to create the relief elements completely (and / or partially) in an additive manner - partly illustrated - in the second subregion.
  • Fig. 6a again shows in cross-section - along the line A of Fig. 6b - two relief elements 11 and 12.
  • the relief elements 11, 12 comprise a embossing portion 160 and a pressure portion 60. Similar embossing elements 161 form the embossed portion of the relief structure.
  • different pressure components 60 which are generated additively by relief partial elements 61, 62, different relief elements 11, 12 are formed.
  • the relief element 12 has, as indicated in Fig. 6b, a different orientation (down) and a different angle of inclination (25 degrees) as the relief element 11 (35 degrees and to the right).
  • a uniform relief structure, with similar relief elements 161, can thus be designed individually for each relief element.
  • Fig. 7a shows in cross-section - along the line A of Fig. 6b - two relief elements 11 and 12, which comprise a nonuniform embossing portion 170 and a pressure component 70.
  • the embossing elements 171 and 172 are already aligned differently and different heights.
  • the additively added relief partial elements 71, 72 generate the relief shape of the relief element 11. In the example shown, the relief element 172 remains unchanged.
  • FIG. 8 shows schematically a device for producing the optically variable element.
  • Value documents 1 are successively supplied to printing units 81, 82, 83 and 86 on a conveyor belt 88.
  • the printing units 81, 82, 83 preferably each comprise a printing unit and a curing unit.
  • the relief printing units 81, 82 and 83 additively print the relief material onto the document of value.
  • Each relief printing unit generates at least one relief partial element.
  • a parameter of the printing process can be varied during printing. In particular, temperature and amount of material are such parameters.
  • the relief material is curable, so it is added and then cured by the relief pressure unit. The degree of hardening forms another parameter which can be used flexibly.
  • An optional curing unit useful in two-stage curing is not shown, but may be used to fully cure the relief elements individually pre-cured in the embossing units 81, 82 and 83, particularly before the selective modification takes place.
  • a motif printing unit 86 selectively prints at certain positions a motif that is visually variable by the relief structure for the viewer.
  • the ink of the relief printing unit comprises a liquid, low-viscous and optionally pigmented substance prepared by using a die-coating technique, e.g. the ink-jet technique is applied. It is modified in its aggregate state, preferably hardened. This happens e.g. physically by solvent removal and / or chemically by polymerization or UV curing to a solid material.
  • the printing units it is optionally possible to use different materials, which differ in particular primarily with respect to their viscosity.
  • a uniform base material is used, which is different viscous by different admixtures.
  • the first printing unit 81 can apply a viscous material with a large-diameter printing nozzle and a high-viscosity material in the printing unit 83 with a smaller printing nozzle.
  • the applied material comprises a solvent which evaporates after application.
  • this spatial distance is selectively adjustable according to the required time interval in the y- and / or x-direction by variably placeable pressure or spray heads and / or traverses.
  • individual material layers are cured by means of laser and the workpiece is built up layer by layer.
  • the powder is applied to a building platform with the aid of a doctor blade or roller over the entire surface in a thickness of 1 to 200 ⁇ .
  • the layers are sintered or melted step by step into the powder bed by triggering a laser beam corresponding to the layer contour of the component.
  • the build platform is now slightly lowered and a new layer raised.
  • the powder is made available by lifting a powder platform or as a stock in the squeegee.
  • the processing is done layer by layer in vertical direction, which makes it possible to create also undercut contours.
  • the energy that is supplied by the laser is absorbed by the powder and leads to a locally limited sintering of particles while reducing the total surface area. This creates any three-dimensional geometries that allow flank angles with undercuts.
  • the deformed plate After cooling, the deformed plate retains the given shape.
  • plates are used in thicknesses of 0.3 to 10 mm. This means that everything from light packaging to stable objects is possible. Lich. After formation of the nub structure, inkjet-resolved, color-resolved information can be applied to the material, which in turn generates tilt-dependent optical variability.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un élément optiquement variable, comprenant les étapes : - de réalisation d'une structure en relief formée d'une pluralité d'éléments en relief (11, 12) juxtaposés dans un plan, les éléments en relief présentant une forme en relief non parallèle au plan ; et - de modification sélective de la structure en relief, la modification et la forme en relief des éléments en relief étant adaptées l'une à l'autre, de sorte que pour un observateur, la structure en relief modifiée montre différentes représentations en fonction de l'angle d'observation. La structure en relief est réalisée au moyen d'un procédé additif, plusieurs étapes partielles du procédé additif étant exécutées pour chaque élément en relief (11, 12), et les étapes partielles pour l'élément en relief (11, 12) déterminant la forme en relief de l'élément en relief.
PCT/EP2018/000447 2017-09-28 2018-09-24 Procédé pour fabriquer un élément optiquement variable, ainsi qu'élément correspondant WO2019063121A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18779562.0A EP3687826B1 (fr) 2017-09-28 2018-09-24 Procédé pour fabriquer un élément optiquement variable, ainsi qu'élément correspondant

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DE102017009092.0 2017-09-28
DE102017009092.0A DE102017009092A1 (de) 2017-09-28 2017-09-28 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines optisch variablen Elements sowie entsprechendes Element

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WO2019063121A1 true WO2019063121A1 (fr) 2019-04-04

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DE102020004959A1 (de) 2020-08-13 2022-02-17 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Optisch variables Sicherheitselement

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