WO2019062172A1 - 一种直流断路器仿真模型和方法、存储介质 - Google Patents
一种直流断路器仿真模型和方法、存储介质 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019062172A1 WO2019062172A1 PCT/CN2018/088499 CN2018088499W WO2019062172A1 WO 2019062172 A1 WO2019062172 A1 WO 2019062172A1 CN 2018088499 W CN2018088499 W CN 2018088499W WO 2019062172 A1 WO2019062172 A1 WO 2019062172A1
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- circuit breaker
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
- H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of power system flexible direct current transmission technology, and particularly relates to a DC circuit breaker simulation model and method, and a storage medium.
- Flexible DC transmission is an important technical means to develop smart grid. Compared with conventional DC transmission, flexible DC transmission has strong technical advantages in island power supply, interconnection of large-scale communication systems, and new energy grid connection. Development prospects. As one of the key equipments to ensure the safe and reliable operation of flexible DC transmission systems, DC circuit breakers play an important role in the establishment of DC grids, improving grid operation flexibility and power supply reliability.
- the hybrid circuit breaker which combines the mechanical switch and the power electronic switch through a certain topology combines the advantages of low mechanical switching loss and short solid-state switching action time, and has become the mainstream of development;
- the existing hybrid DC circuit breaker includes The main branch, the transfer branch and the energy-consuming branch are connected in parallel, and the main branch and the transfer branch are respectively composed of a plurality of power electronic switches in series/parallel, and the energy-consuming branches are arranged in series with the arrester, when the flexible direct current transmission does not fail
- the power electronic switch in the main branch is blocked, and the fault current is introduced into the transfer branch and the power electronic switch of the transfer branch is blocked.
- the mechanical switch in the main branch and cut off the fault current through the energy-consuming branch.
- the first method is to replace the hybrid circuit breaker with a switch with a delay function, that is, when the circuit breaker receives the switch.
- the action time of the mechanical switch in the hybrid circuit breaker is simulated by a certain delay, so that the system obtains the response characteristic similar to the actual circuit breaker, but the modeling method cannot reflect the internal break of the circuit breaker.
- the electromagnetic change situation, and the switching time of the hybrid circuit breaker is different under different current conditions, the operation time of replacing the circuit breaker with a fixed delay is not accurate; the second method is to use power electronics in the simulation process.
- the switch module builds a complete hybrid circuit breaker.
- This method can accurately reflect the electromagnetic condition inside the circuit breaker during the breaking process.
- the method greatly increases the simulation system. To solve the matrix size, not only the performance simulation efficiency is reduced, but also the computing resources are wasted.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present application lies in the cumbersome problem of the research method of the performance of the existing hybrid circuit breaker.
- the present application provides a DC circuit breaker simulation model, including: a parallel main branch, a transfer branch, and an energy dissipation branch, wherein
- the main branch includes: a switching component, a first controlled voltage source, and a first dual-conducting circuit, wherein the switching component, the first controlled voltage source, and the first dual-conducting circuit are connected in series;
- the transfer branch includes: a second controlled voltage source and a second dual-conducting circuit, the second controlled voltage source being in series with the second dual-conducting circuit;
- the energy consuming branch includes: a parallel connected resistor and a controlled current source.
- the first dual-conducting circuit and the second dual-conducting circuit comprise: diodes connected in anti-parallel, and a branch of any one of the diodes is connected in series with a switching unit.
- the main branch further comprises: a first inductance in series with the switching component.
- the transfer branch further includes a second inductance in series with the second controlled voltage source.
- the application also provides a simulation method for the DC breaker simulation model described above, including:
- the voltage values of the controlled voltage source controlling the main branch and the transfer branch are as follows:
- V(t) is the voltage value of the controlled voltage source of the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- i(t) is the current value flowing through the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- R is the DC circuit breaker The equivalent resistance of the main branch and the transfer branch when the topology is turned on
- Von is the voltage drop when the main branch and the branch branch power electronic switch are turned on in the topology of the DC breaker;
- the current value of the control energy branch is zero.
- the method further comprises:
- the voltage values of the controlled voltage source controlling the main branch and the transfer branch are as follows:
- V(t) is the voltage value of the controlled voltage source of the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- i(t) is the current value flowing through the main branch and the branch branch at the current time
- V(t- ⁇ T ) is the voltage value of the controlled voltage source of the main branch and the transfer branch at the previous moment, the voltage value of the initial controlled voltage source is 0
- ⁇ T is the simulation step
- C is the main branch in the DC breaker topology The equivalent capacitance of the branch branch power electronic switch when it is turned off;
- the current value of the controlled current source is controlled as follows:
- I is the current value of the controlled current source
- V(t) is the voltage value of the controlled voltage source of the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- Vref is the rated voltage value of the arrester in the topology structure of the DC circuit breaker
- the arrester has a voltage limiting characteristic constant.
- the method further comprises:
- the current value of the controlled current source is controlled as follows:
- I is the current value of the controlled current source
- V(t) is the voltage value of the controlled voltage source of the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- a and b are the constants of the voltage limiting characteristic of the arrester.
- the current value i(t) flowing through the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time is obtained by:
- i(t) is the current value flowing through the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- G is the equivalent admittance matrix of each node in the flexible direct current transmission system where the DC breaker is located
- U(t) is the The voltage value of each node in the flexible DC transmission system where the DC breaker is located.
- the preset voltage is a lightning arrester rated voltage.
- the present application also provides a storage medium storing computer executable instructions that, when executed, implement the method of any of the above aspects.
- the DC circuit breaker simulation model and method provided by the present application comprises a switching component connected in series, a first controlled voltage source and a first dual-conducting circuit, and a second controlled voltage source connected in series with each other
- the transfer branch formed by the second double-conducting circuit and the energy-consuming branch composed of the parallel resistor and the controlled current source simplify the existing model for the research of the working performance of the DC circuit breaker and improve the performance of the DC circuit breaker. Simulation efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation model of a DC circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 3 is a rendering diagram of a DC circuit breaker simulation method according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a DC circuit breaker simulation model, as shown in FIG. 1 , including: a main branch in parallel, a branch branch 2 , and an energy-consuming branch 3 , wherein
- the main branch 1 includes a switching component 11, a first controlled voltage source 12 and a first dual-conducting circuit 13, the switching component 11, the first controlled voltage source 12 and the first
- the double-conducting circuit 13 is connected in series, wherein the switch component is a mechanical switch, and the first controlled voltage source whose rated voltage is not less than the voltage level of the power transmission system is selected because the voltage level of the power transmission system that is fault-isolated by the DC circuit breaker is different;
- a double-conducting circuit 13 can be an anti-parallel diode or other bi-directional component. When a current is passed through the main branch, in order to avoid reverse-parallel diode circuit formation, any diode is located.
- the branch circuit is connected in series with a switch unit.
- the appropriate switch is selected, that is, when the current flows from left to right, the switch K2 is closed, and the switch K1 is turned off.
- the switch K1 is closed, and the switch K2 is turned off; or when the left potential of the main branch is greater than the right potential, the switch K2 is closed, the switch K1 is turned off, and when the main branch is left
- the switch K1 is closed and the switch K2 is turned off.
- the transfer branch 2 includes a second controlled voltage source 21 and a second dual-conducting circuit 22, and the second controlled voltage source 21 is connected in series with the second dual-conducting circuit 22, the second The double-conducting circuit 13 can be an anti-parallel diode or other bi-directional component.
- the transfer branch has a current, in order to avoid the reverse parallel diode circuit forming a loop, at any diode
- the branch circuit is connected in series with a switch unit. According to the direction of the branch branch current or the potential of the two ends of the branch branch, an appropriate switch is selected, that is, when the current flows from left to right, the switch K2 is closed, and the switch K1 is turned off.
- the switch K1 When the current flows from right to left, the switch K1 is closed, the switch K2 is turned off; or when the left potential of the transfer branch is greater than the right potential, the switch K2 is closed, the switch K1 is turned off, and when the left potential of the transfer branch is less than the right potential, The switch K1 is closed and the switch K2 is turned off. .
- the energy dissipation branch 3 comprises: a parallel resistor 31 and a controlled current source 32.
- the DC circuit breaker simulation model provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a switch component connected in series, a first controlled voltage source and a first dual-conducting circuit, and a second controlled voltage source connected in series with each other.
- the transfer branch formed by the second double-conducting circuit and the energy-consuming branch composed of the parallel resistor and the controlled current source simplify the existing model for the research of the working performance of the DC circuit breaker and improve the performance of the DC circuit breaker. Simulation efficiency.
- a first inductor 14 is disposed in the main branch 1 of the DC breaker simulation model, and is connected in series with the switch component 11;
- a second inductance 23 is provided in the transfer branch 2 of the DC circuit breaker simulation model in series with the second controlled voltage source 21.
- the present application further provides a simulation method for the DC circuit breaker simulation model described in the above embodiments.
- the simulation software is simulated by using the DC circuit breaker simulation model in the above embodiment, the simulation software is required in advance.
- the relevant electrical parameters in the topology of the original hybrid DC circuit breaker equivalent to the simulation model including the equivalent resistance of the main branch and the transfer branch when the DC circuit breaker topology is turned on, and the main structure of the DC circuit breaker topology
- the voltage value of the terminal, the rated voltage of the arrester in the topology of the DC circuit breaker, etc., as shown in Figure 2 includes:
- step S201 Determine whether the DC breaker breaking signal is received. When the DC breaker breaking signal is not received, step S202 is performed. When the DC breaker breaking signal is received, step S204 is performed. The DC breaker breaking signal is sent by the simulation software during the simulation.
- V(t) is the voltage value of the controlled voltage source of the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- i(t) is the current value flowing through the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- R is the DC circuit breaker The equivalent resistance of the main branch and the transfer branch when the topology is turned on
- Von is the voltage drop when the main branch and the branch branch power electronic switch are turned on in the topology of the DC breaker;
- the method also includes:
- V(t) is the voltage value of the controlled voltage source of the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- i(t) is the current value flowing through the main branch and the branch branch at the current time
- V(t- ⁇ T ) is the voltage value of the controlled voltage source of the main branch and the transfer branch at the previous moment, the voltage value of the initial controlled voltage source is 0
- ⁇ T is the simulation step size, which can be determined according to actual use, and the simulation step is preferred in this embodiment.
- the length is 2 microseconds
- C is the equivalent capacitance when the main branch and the branch branch branch power electronic switch are turned off in the DC circuit breaker topology
- step S205 determining whether the voltage value at both ends of the energy-consuming branch is greater than a preset voltage. When the voltage value at the two ends of the energy-consuming branch is greater than the preset voltage, performing step S206; when the voltage across the energy-consuming branch is When the value is not greater than the preset voltage, step S207 is performed.
- the preset voltage may be a rated voltage of the lightning arrester in the topology.
- I is the current value of the controlled current source
- V(t) is the voltage value of the controlled voltage source of the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- Vref is the rated voltage value of the arrester in the topology structure of the DC circuit breaker
- the arrester limit characteristic constant when the type of the arrester used is determined, that is, the limit characteristic constant can be determined.
- the voltage values at both ends of the energy-consuming branch can be reduced, including:
- I is the current value of the controlled current source
- V(t) is the voltage value of the controlled voltage source of the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- a and b are the constants of the voltage limiting characteristic of the arrester, The fitting constant has been designed when the arrester is shipped from the factory, and the relevant information of the arrester can be obtained.
- the current value i(t) flowing through the main branch and the branch branch at the current time is obtained by:
- i(t) is the current value flowing through the main branch and the transfer branch at the current time
- G is the equivalent admittance matrix of each node in the flexible direct current transmission system where the DC breaker is located, and the equivalent admittance matrix is The reciprocal of the resistance of the flexible DC transmission system
- U(t) is the voltage value of each node in the flexible DC transmission system where the DC breaker is located, such as the node voltage at both ends of the smoothing reactor, the voltage of the converter valve node, and the nodes at both ends of the transformer Voltage, etc.
- the specific effect diagram of the DC breaker simulation model is simulated by the control simulation software according to the method of the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, wherein the solid line represents the relevant parameter curve diagram of the DC breaker topology structure, and the broken line represents the DC breaker equivalent model.
- the relevant parameter curve diagram it can be seen from Fig. 3 that the simulation result has a good matching effect with the related electrical parameter curve of the topology structure, and the simulation method using the method of the embodiment has better accuracy.
- the present application also provides a storage medium storing computer executable instructions that, when executed, implement the method of any of the above aspects.
- the transfer branch formed by the conduction circuit and the energy-consuming branch composed of the parallel resistance and the controlled current source simplify the existing model for the research of the working performance of the DC circuit breaker and improve the simulation efficiency of the DC circuit breaker performance.
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种直流断路器仿真模型和方法、存储介质,其中仿真模型包括:并联的主支路、转移支路以及耗能支路,其中所述主支路包括:开关部件、第一受控电压源和第一可双向导通电路,所述开关部件、所述第一受控电压源和所述第一可双向导通电路串联;所述转移支路包括:第二受控电压源和第二可双向导通电路,所述第二受控电压源与所述第二可双向导通电路串联;所述耗能支路包括:并联的电阻与受控电流源。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201710881716.0、申请日为2017年09月26日的中国专利申请提出,并要求该中国专利申请的优先权,该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
本申请涉及电力系统柔性直流输电技术领域,具体涉及一种直流断路器仿真模型和方法、存储介质。
柔性直流输电是发展智能电网的重要技术手段,与常规直流输电方式相比,柔性直流输电在孤岛供电、大规模交流系统的互联、新能源并网等方面具有较强的技术优势,具有非常广阔的发展前景。直流断路器作为保证柔性直流输电系统安全可靠运行的关键设备之一,在直流电网的建立,提高电网运行灵活性和供电可靠性等方面均发挥着重要作用。
而现有柔性直流输电在开断故障电流的过程中,机械断路器的分段时间过长,无法满足多端柔性直流输电系统的要求;基于电力电子元器件的固态开关存在通态损耗过大的经济性问题。将机械开关与电力电子开关通过一定的拓扑结构组合成的混合式断路器结合了机械开关损耗低和固态开关动作时间短的优点,成为了发展的主流;现有的混合式直流断路器,包括并联的主支路、转移支路以及耗能支路,主支路与转移支路分别由多个电力电子开关串/并联组成,耗能支路由串联的避雷器组成,当柔性直流输电未出现故障时通过主支路连接两侧的换流器,当柔性直流输电系统出现 故障时,闭锁主支路中的电力电子开关,并将故障电流导入转移支路中并闭锁转移支路的电力电子开关和主支路中的机械开关,并通过耗能支路切断故障电流。
现阶段对上述混合式断路器工作性能进行建模研究过程中,主要包括两种方法,第一种方法是将混合式断路器等效为有延时功能的开关,即当断路器收到关断信号时,通过一定的延时来模拟混合式断路器中机械开关的动作时间,从而使系统得到近似于实际断路器的响应特性,但该建模方法不能反应断路器内部在开断过程中的电磁变化情况,且在不同电流情况下,混合断路器的关断时间不同,用一固定的延时来代替断路器的动作时间并不准确;第二种方法为在仿真过程中使用电力电子开关模块搭建完整的混合式断路器,该方法可准确反应断路器内部在开断过程中的电磁情况,但由于混合式断路器需要用到大量电力电子开关,该方法极大地增加了仿真系统的待求解矩阵规模,不仅降低了性能仿真效率,更浪费了计算资源。
发明内容
因此,本申请要解决的技术问题在于现有混合式断路器工作性能研究方式繁琐的问题。
有鉴于此,本申请提供一种直流断路器仿真模型,包括:并联的主支路、转移支路以及耗能支路,其中
所述主支路包括:开关部件、第一受控电压源和第一可双向导通电路,所述开关部件、所述第一受控电压源和所述第一可双向导通电路串联;
所述转移支路包括:第二受控电压源和第二可双向导通电路,所述第二受控电压源与所述第二可双向导通电路串联;
所述耗能支路包括:并联的电阻与受控电流源。
优选地,所述第一可双向导通电路和所述第二可双向导通电路包括:反向并联的二极管,任一所述二极管所在的支路串联有一开关单元。
优选地,所述主支路还包括:第一电感,与所述开关部件串联。
优选地,所述转移支路还包括第二电感,与所述第二受控电压源串联。
本申请还提供一种用于上述所述直流断路器仿真模型的仿真方法,包括:
判断是否接收到所述直流断路器开断信号;
当未接收到所述直流断路器开断信号时,控制所述主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值如下式所示:
V(t)=i(t)*R+Von
其中,V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;i(t)为当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值;R为直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路导通时的等效电阻;Von为直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路电力电子开关导通时压降;
控制耗能支路的电流值为零。
优选地,还包括:
当接收到所述直流断路器开断信号时,控制所述主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值如下式所示:
其中,V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;i(t)为当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值;V(t-ΔT)为上一时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值,初始受控电压源的电压值为0;ΔT为仿真步长;C为直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路电力电子开关关断时的等效电容;
判断耗能支路两端的电压值是否大于预设电压;
当所述耗能支路两端的电压值大于所述预设电压时,控制所述受控电流源的电流值如下式所示:
其中,I为受控电流源的电流值;V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;Vref为直流断路器拓扑结构中避雷器额定电压值;α为所述避雷器限压特性常数。
优选地,还包括:
当所述耗能支路两端的电压值不大于所述预设电压时,控制所述受控电流源的电流值如下式所示:
I=a*V(t)+b
其中,I为受控电流源的电流值;V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;a、b为所述避雷器限压特性拟合常数。
优选地,所述当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值i(t)由下式得到:
i(t)=G*U(t)
其中,i(t)为当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值;G为直流断路器所在的柔性直流输电系统中各节点的等效导纳矩阵;U(t)为所述直流断路器所在的柔性直流输电系统中各节点电压值。
优选地,所述预设电压为避雷器额定电压。
本申请还提供一种存储介质,存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现上述方案任意一项所述的方法。
本申请提供的直流断路器仿真模型和方法,包括相互串联的开关部件、第一受控电压源和第一可双向导通电路共同构成的主支路以及利用相互串联的第二受控电压源和第二可双向导通电路形成的转移支路以及由并联的电阻与受控电流源组成的耗能支路,简化了现有用于直流断路器工作性能研究的模型,提高了直流断路器性能仿真效率。
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种直流断路器仿真模型的结构示意图;
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种直流断路器仿真方法的流程图;
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种直流断路器仿真方法效果图。
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例提供一种直流断路器仿真模型,如图1所示,包括:并联的主支路1、转移支路2以及耗能支路3,其中
所述主支路1包括:开关部件11、第一受控电压源12和第一可双向导通电路13,所述开关部件11、所述第一受控电压源12和所述第一可双向导通电路13串联,其中开关部件为机械开关,由于用直流断路器实现故障隔离的输电系统的电压等级不同,选用额定电压不小于该输电系统电压等级的第一受控电压源;该第一可双向导通电路13可以是反向并联的二极管或者是其他可实现双向导通的元器件,当主支路有电流通过时,为了避免反向并联的二极管电路形成回路,在任意一个二极管所在的支路串联有一开关单元,根据主支路电流的流通方向或者主支路两端电势大小,选择合 适的开关,即当电流从左往右流时,闭合开关K2,关断开关K1,当电流从右往左流时,闭合开关K1,关断开关K2;或者当主支路左边电势大于右边电势时,闭合开关K2,关断开关K1,当主支路左边电势小于右边电势时,闭合开关K1,关断开关K2。
所述转移支路2包括:第二受控电压源21和第二可双向导通电路22,所述第二受控电压源21与所述第二可双向导通电路22串联,该第二可双向导通电路13可以是反向并联的二极管或者是其他可实现双向导通的元器件,当转移支路有电流通过时,为了避免反向并联的二极管电路形成回路,在任意一个二极管所在的支路串联有一开关单元,根据转移支路电流的方向或者转移支路两端电势大小,,选择合适的开关,即当电流从左往右流时,闭合开关K2,关断开关K1,,当电流从右往左流时,闭合开关K1,关断开关K2;或者当转移支路左边电势大于右边电势时,闭合开关K2,关断开关K1,当转移支路左边电势小于右边电势时,闭合开关K1,关断开关K2。。
所述耗能支路3包括:并联的电阻31与受控电流源32。
本申请实施例提供的直流断路器仿真模型,包括相互串联的开关部件、第一受控电压源和第一可双向导通电路共同构成的主支路以及利用相互串联的第二受控电压源和第二可双向导通电路形成的转移支路以及由并联的电阻与受控电流源组成的耗能支路,简化了现有用于直流断路器工作性能研究的模型,提高了直流断路器性能仿真效率。
由于任意两个导体之间均会形成寄生电感,为了提高仿真模型的准确性,在该直流断路器仿真模型的主支路1中设置有第一电感14,与所述开关部件11串联;同样在该直流断路器仿真模型的转移支路2中设置有第二电感23,与所述第二受控电压源21串联。
相应地,本申请还提供一种用于上述实施例所述的直流断路器仿真模型的仿真方法,当仿真软件利用上述实施例中的直流断路器仿真模型进行 仿真时,事先需向仿真软件中输入该仿真模型等效的原混合式直流断路器拓扑结构中的相关电气参数,包括直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路导通时的等效电阻、直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路电力电子开关导通时压降、直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路电力电子开关关断时的等效电容、直流断路器拓扑结构中耗能支路两端的电压值、直流断路器拓扑结构中避雷器额定电压值等,具体如图2所示包括:
S201,判断是否接收到所述直流断路器开断信号,当未接收到所述直流断路器开断信号时,执行步骤S202;当接收到所述直流断路器开断信号时,执行步骤S204。其中该直流断路器开断信号在仿真过程中由仿真软件发出。
S202,控制所述主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值如下式所示,
V(t)=i(t)*R+Von
其中,V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;i(t)为当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值;R为直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路导通时的等效电阻;Von为直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路电力电子开关导通时压降;
S203,控制耗能支路的电流值为零。
该方法还包括:
S204,控制所述主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值如下式所示,
其中,V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;i(t)为当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值;V(t-ΔT)为上一时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值,初始受控电压源的电压值为0;ΔT为仿真步长,可根据实际使用确定,本实施例优选仿真步长为2微秒;C为直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路电力电子开关关断时的等效电容;
S205,判断耗能支路两端的电压值是否大于预设电压,当所述耗能支路两端的电压值大于所述预设电压时,执行步骤S206;当所述耗能支路两端的电压值不大于所述预设电压时,执行步骤S207,为了保护耗能支路中元器件,该预设电压可以是拓扑结构中避雷器的额定电压。
S206,控制所述受控电流源的电流值如下式所示,
其中,I为受控电流源的电流值;V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;Vref为直流断路器拓扑结构中避雷器额定电压值;α为所述避雷器限压特性常数,当确定使用的避雷器类型后,即该限压特性常数即可被确定。
随着耗能支路产生的方向电压,可降低耗能支路两端的电压值,具体包括:
S207,当所述耗能支路两端的电压值不大于所述预设电压时,控制所述受控电流源的电流值如下式所示,直至该受控电流源的电流值为0时,即表示故障被完全切断。
I=a*V(t)+b
其中,I为受控电流源的电流值;V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;a、b为所述避雷器限压特性拟合常数,该拟合常数在避雷器出厂时即已设计完毕,可查询该避雷器相关资料得到。
所述当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值i(t)由下式得到:
i(t)=G*U(t)
其中,i(t)为当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值;G为直流断路器所在的柔性直流输电系统中各节点的等效导纳矩阵,该等效导纳矩阵为柔性直流输电系统的电阻倒数;U(t)为所述直流断路器所在的柔性直流输电系统中各节点电压值,如平波电抗器两端节点电压、换流阀节点电压、变 压器两端节点电压等。
通过控制仿真软件按照上述实施例的方法对直流断路器仿真模型进行仿真具体效果图如图3所示,其中实线表示直流断路器拓扑结构的相关参数曲线图,虚线表示直流断路器等效模型中相关参数曲线图,通过图3可以看出仿真结果与拓扑结构的相关电气参数曲线有很好的吻合效果,使用本实施例方法对仿真模型进行仿真的准确度较好。
本申请还提供一种存储介质,存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现上述方案任意一项所述的方法。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本申请创造的保护范围之中。
采用本申请实施例,通过包括相互串联的开关部件、第一受控电压源和第一可双向导通电路共同构成的主支路以及利用相互串联的第二受控电压源和第二可双向导通电路形成的转移支路以及由并联的电阻与受控电流源组成的耗能支路,简化了现有用于直流断路器工作性能研究的模型,提高了直流断路器性能仿真效率。
Claims (10)
- 一种直流断路器仿真模型,包括:并联的主支路、转移支路以及耗能支路,其中所述主支路包括:开关部件、第一受控电压源和第一可双向导通电路,所述开关部件、所述第一受控电压源和所述第一可双向导通电路串联;所述转移支路包括:第二受控电压源和第二可双向导通电路,所述第二受控电压源与所述第二可双向导通电路串联;所述耗能支路包括:并联的电阻与受控电流源。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直流断路器仿真模型,其中,所述第一可双向导通电路和所述第二可双向导通电路包括:反向并联的二极管,任一所述二极管所在的支路串联有一开关单元。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直流断路器仿真模型,其中,所述主支路还包括:第一电感,所述第一电感与所述开关部件串联。
- 根据权利要求1所述的直流断路器仿真模型,其中,所述转移支路还包括第二电感,所述第二电感与所述第二受控电压源串联。
- 一种用于如权利要求1-4中任一项所述直流断路器仿真模型的仿真方法,所述方法包括:判断是否接收到所述直流断路器开断信号;当未接收到所述直流断路器开断信号时,控制所述主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值如下式所示:V(t)=i(t)*R+Von其中,V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;i(t)为当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值;R为直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路导通时的等效电阻;Von为直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路电力电子开关导通时压降;控制耗能支路的电流值为零。
- 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:当接收到所述直流断路器开断信号时,控制所述主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值如下式所示:其中,V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;i(t)为当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值;V(t-ΔT)为上一时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值,初始受控电压源的电压值为0;ΔT为仿真步长;C为直流断路器拓扑结构中主支路和转移支路电力电子开关关断时的等效电容;判断耗能支路两端的电压值是否大于预设电压;当所述耗能支路两端的电压值大于所述预设电压时,控制所述受控电流源的电流值如下式所示,其中,I为受控电流源的电流值;V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;Vref为直流断路器拓扑结构中避雷器额定电压值;α为所述避雷器限压特性常数。
- 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:当所述耗能支路两端的电压值不大于所述预设电压时,控制所述受控 电流源的电流值如下式所示:I=a*V(t)+b其中,I为受控电流源的电流值;V(t)为当前时刻主支路和转移支路的受控电压源的电压值;a、b为所述避雷器限压特性拟合常数。
- 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法,其中,所述当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值i(t)由下式得到:i(t)=G*U(t)其中,i(t)为当前时刻流经主支路和转移支路的电流值;G为直流断路器所在的柔性直流输电系统中各节点的等效导纳矩阵;U(t)为所述直流断路器所在的柔性直流输电系统中各节点电压值。
- 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法,其中,所述预设电压为避雷器额定电压。
- 一种存储介质,存储有计算机可执行指令,所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现上述权利要求5-9任意一项所述的方法。
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