WO2019061766A1 - 一种图像处理方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种图像处理方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019061766A1
WO2019061766A1 PCT/CN2017/112480 CN2017112480W WO2019061766A1 WO 2019061766 A1 WO2019061766 A1 WO 2019061766A1 CN 2017112480 W CN2017112480 W CN 2017112480W WO 2019061766 A1 WO2019061766 A1 WO 2019061766A1
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Prior art keywords
value
brightness
brightness value
luminance value
pixels
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PCT/CN2017/112480
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English (en)
French (fr)
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曾玉超
黄泰钧
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深圳市华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司
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Priority to US15/735,537 priority Critical patent/US10565742B1/en
Publication of WO2019061766A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019061766A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/90Dynamic range modification of images or parts thereof
    • G06T5/94Dynamic range modification of images or parts thereof based on local image properties, e.g. for local contrast enhancement
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T11/002D [Two Dimensional] image generation
    • G06T11/001Texturing; Colouring; Generation of texture or colour
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/40Image enhancement or restoration using histogram techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T5/00Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/90Dynamic range modification of images or parts thereof
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/90Determination of colour characteristics
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10024Color image

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of image processing, and in particular, to an image processing method and apparatus.
  • Image processing involves emphasizing the overall or local characteristics of the image, making the original unclear image clear or emphasizing certain features of interest, expanding the differences between different object features in the image, suppressing features that are not of interest, and improving the image. Quality, rich information, and enhanced image interpretation and recognition to meet the needs of some special analysis.
  • the image acquired by the camera may lose some detail.
  • the high-brightness pixels of the captured image are more concentrated, and the details of the higher brightness are lost.
  • the focus is brighter, the low-brightness pixels of the captured image are concentrated, and the details of the darker portions are lost.
  • the main problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an image processing method and apparatus for adjusting image brightness distribution by expanding the display range of the central brightness area to achieve image detail enhancement.
  • one technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an image processing method, which includes: acquiring a target image; and acquiring gray of each pixel in the target image when the target image is a grayscale image. a degree value as a brightness value; when the target image is a color image, acquiring a brightness value of a color component of each pixel in the target image; establishing a brightness value by using the brightness value as the abscissa and the number of pixels as the ordinate - pixel a number histogram; determining an initial central luminance value having the largest number of pixels, and determining an average luminance value of the target image; adjusting a number distribution of pixels of the target image at different luminance values, so that the number of pixels in the adjusted image The most new central luminance value is closer to the average luminance value than the initial central luminance value, and the range of pixel luminance values including the preset luminance threshold of the new central luminance value is increased.
  • one technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an image processing method, which includes: counting the number distribution of pixels in a target image at different brightness values; determining an initial center luminance value having the largest number of pixels, and Determining an average brightness value of the target image; adjusting a quantity distribution of pixels of the target image at different brightness values such that a new central brightness value having the largest number of pixels in the adjusted image is compared to the initial central brightness value The average brightness value is closer to the pixel brightness value range of the preset brightness threshold including the new center brightness value.
  • one technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an image processing apparatus including an interconnected memory and a processor and an input/output device, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the computer program is When the processor executes, it implements the above method.
  • the present invention discloses an image processing method and apparatus.
  • the method includes: counting a quantity distribution of pixels in a target image at different brightness values; determining an initial central brightness value having the largest number of pixels, and determining an average brightness value of the target image; adjusting pixels of the target image at different brightness a quantity distribution of values such that a new central luminance value having the largest number of pixels in the adjusted image is closer to the average luminance value than the initial central luminance value, and a pre-inclusion including the new central luminance value is added
  • Set the range of pixel brightness values of the brightness threshold convert the brightness value into image pixel values to obtain the adjusted image.
  • the invention discloses an image processing method and device. By expanding the display range of the central brightness region, the image brightness distribution is adjusted to achieve image detail enhancement.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of an image processing method provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a luminance value-pixel number of a target image according to an embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a luminance value-pixel number after target image adjustment according to an embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of another embodiment of an image processing method provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of adjusting a low brightness value in another embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of adjusting a high brightness value in another embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of a luminance value-pixel number of a low luminance value in another embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 7b is a schematic diagram of a luminance value-pixel number after low luminance value adjustment in another embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of a luminance value-pixel number of a high luminance value in another embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram of a luminance value-pixel number after high luminance value adjustment in another embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an image processing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an image processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image processing method includes:
  • Step 11 Count the distribution of the number of pixels in the target image at different brightness values.
  • the brightness value therein is generally for grayscale images (black and white images) for indicating the brightness of the grayscale image, and for the color image, the luminance value may be the brightness of a certain color component of the color image. value. Taking the RGB image as an example, the luminance value of one pixel in the RGB image may be the luminance value of the R, G or B color component.
  • the method further includes: acquiring a target image; when the target image is a grayscale image, since the luminance value is equal to the grayscale value, the grayscale of each pixel in the target image may be acquired.
  • the value is a brightness value; when the target image is a color image, a brightness value of a color component of each pixel in the target image is acquired.
  • the method for calculating the luminance value L of one pixel in the color image is: using the Y value in the (Y, Cr, Cb) color space to represent the luminance value L, and Cr and Cb respectively representing the color of red and blue. Degree; or
  • the RGB component in the (R, G, B) color space can also be used to represent the luminance value, for example, the luminance is equal to 0.299R+0.587G+0.114B or Max(R, G, B); or, (L can also be used) , a, b) color space to represent the brightness value, where L, a and b are chromaticity coordinates and the like.
  • step 11 may be specifically: acquiring a brightness value of the target image, and establishing a brightness value-pixel number histogram with the brightness value as the abscissa and the number of pixels as the ordinate.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the luminance value-number of pixels of the target image according to an embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention, wherein the x-axis represents the luminance value, the y-axis represents the number of pixels, and N is the number of pixels, and Z1 and Z2 are The brightness value corresponding to N pixels.
  • Step 12 Determine an initial center luminance value with the largest number of pixels, and determine an average luminance value of the target image.
  • the luminance value corresponding to the pixel with the largest number of pixels is obtained, that is, the initial central luminance value; and the luminance values of the target image are averaged to obtain an average luminance value.
  • Step 13 Adjust a quantity distribution of pixels of the target image at different brightness values, so that a new central brightness value with the largest number of pixels in the adjusted image is closer to the average brightness value than the initial central brightness value. And increasing a range of pixel luminance values including a preset luminance threshold of the new central luminance value.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the luminance value-number of pixels after the target image is adjusted according to an embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention, wherein the x-axis represents the luminance value, the y-axis represents the number of pixels, and N represents the number of pixels, Z3 and Z4 is a luminance value corresponding to N pixels. It can be seen that, compared with FIG. 2, the luminance range near the central pixel point of the processed target image becomes wider.
  • the brightness value of each pixel is a gray value, so the image pixel value is adjusted.
  • the brightness value can be obtained according to the adjusted brightness value; for the color image, a color space is needed, and the brightness value is converted into an image pixel value, thereby obtaining an adjusted image.
  • the image processing method disclosed in this embodiment firstly counts the distribution of the number of pixels in the target image at different brightness values; secondly, determines the initial center luminance value with the largest number of pixels, and determines the average of the target image. a brightness value; then adjusting a number distribution of pixels of the target image at different brightness values such that a new central brightness value having the largest number of pixels in the adjusted image is closer to the average brightness than the initial center brightness value And a range of pixel luminance values that include a preset brightness threshold for the new central luminance value.
  • the image brightness distribution is adjusted to achieve image detail enhancement.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart diagram of another embodiment of an image processing method provided by the present invention, where the method includes:
  • Step 41 Establish a luminance value-pixel number histogram with the luminance value as the abscissa and the number of pixels as the ordinate.
  • Step 42 Using the luminance value-pixel number histogram, determining that the luminance value corresponding to the maximum value of the number of pixels is the initial central luminance value; and determining the high luminance value and the low luminance value by using the luminance value-pixel number histogram, the target The brightness values of the images are averaged to obtain an average brightness value.
  • step 42 the luminance value-pixel number histogram is used to determine the high luminance value and the low luminance value, and the luminance values of the target image are averaged to obtain an average luminance value, and the following method may be specifically adopted:
  • the target image is a grayscale image
  • 40 pixels are set.
  • 40 pixels correspond to luminance values of 50 and 200, respectively, and the low luminance value is 50, and the high luminance value is 200. If 40 pixels have no corresponding brightness value, select the brightness value corresponding to the number with which the difference is the smallest, such as the brightness value corresponding to 39 or 41 pixels.
  • Step 43 Perform weighting processing on the average luminance value, and use the weighted processed average luminance value as a new central luminance value.
  • the weighting coefficient of the weighting process when the initial center luminance value is greater than the average luminance value, the weighting coefficient of the weighting process is greater than 1, and when the initial center luminance value is less than the average luminance value, the weighting coefficient of the weighting process is less than 1.
  • Step 44 Decrease the low brightness value when the low brightness value is greater than the set low brightness threshold; and increase the high brightness value when the high brightness value is less than the set high brightness threshold.
  • step 44 may specifically include:
  • the low brightness value is weighted, and the low brightness value L 1 is multiplied by the low brightness adjustment coefficient R 1 ; when the low brightness value after the weighting process is less than the set low brightness threshold , the weighted low brightness value is taken as a new low brightness value; when the low brightness value after the weighting process is greater than the set low brightness threshold, the low brightness threshold is taken as the new low brightness value;
  • the high brightness value is weighted; when the high brightness value after the weighting process is greater than the set high brightness threshold, the weighted high brightness value is taken as the new high brightness value; When the high brightness value after the weighting process is less than the set high brightness threshold, the high brightness threshold is taken as the new high brightness value.
  • step 44 is described in detail below through two schematic diagrams:
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of adjusting a low luminance value in another embodiment of an image processing method according to the present invention.
  • the low brightness value When the low brightness value is less than the set low brightness threshold, the low brightness value does not change, that is, the new low brightness value is equal to the original low brightness value.
  • the low brightness value is reduced, which specifically includes:
  • the low luminance value is weighted, and the low luminance value L 1 is multiplied by the low luminance adjustment coefficient R 1 .
  • the weighted low luminance value is regarded as a new low luminance value; and the low luminance value after the weighting processing is greater than the setting
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of adjusting a high brightness value in another embodiment of an image processing method according to the present invention.
  • the high brightness value When the high brightness value is greater than the set high brightness threshold, the high brightness value does not change, that is, the new high brightness value is equal to the original high brightness value.
  • increasing the high brightness value includes:
  • the high luminance value is weighted, and the high luminance value H 2 is multiplied by the high luminance adjustment coefficient R 2 .
  • the weighted high brightness value is taken as a new high brightness value; the high brightness value after the weighting process is smaller than the setting
  • FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of a luminance value-pixel number of a low luminance value in another embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 7b is another embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention.
  • Low brightness value adjusted brightness value - the number of pixels N1 is the number of pixels
  • G1 is the low brightness value corresponding to the number of pixels
  • G2 is the new low brightness value corresponding to the number of pixels
  • the low brightness can be seen from the figure
  • FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of a luminance value-pixel number of a high luminance value in another embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 8b is a high luminance in another embodiment of the image processing method provided by the present invention.
  • Step 45 Obtain a brightness value of each pixel after brightness adjustment.
  • Adjusting the number distribution of pixels of the target image at different brightness values including:
  • L is the brightness value of each pixel
  • L' is the brightness value of the corresponding pixel after brightness adjustment
  • L 1 is the low brightness value
  • L 2 is the new low brightness value
  • H 1 is the high brightness value
  • H 2 is the new The high brightness value
  • M 1 is the initial center brightness value
  • M 2 is the new center brightness value.
  • the image after adjusting the brightness value is further represented. If the target image is a gray image, the image can be directly output according to the brightness value; if the target image is a color image, conversion is needed to obtain an output image.
  • the R, G, and B components of the adjusted color image are obtained according to the following formula:
  • the brightness information of each pixel can be converted into the color component information of the image, the brightness adjustment of the target image is realized, and the image details of the brightness concentrated area are enhanced, and the low brightness value of the image is adjusted to be lower, The image brightness value is adjusted higher, which can improve the image brightness display range as a whole, thereby enhancing the image contrast.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an image processing apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the brightness defect detecting apparatus 90 includes an input/output device 91, a memory 92, and a processor 93.
  • the memory is used to store a computer program.
  • the computer program when executed by the processor, is configured to implement the following steps:
  • Statistic distribution of the number of pixels in the target image at different brightness values determining an initial central luminance value having the largest number of pixels, and determining an average luminance value of the target image; adjusting a number distribution of pixels of the target image at different luminance values a case, such that a new central luminance value having the largest number of pixels in the adjusted image is closer to the average luminance value than the initial central luminance value, and increasing a preset luminance threshold including the new central luminance value
  • the range of pixel brightness values converts the brightness value into image pixel values to obtain an adjusted image.
  • the processor 93 is further configured to: establish a luminance value-pixel number histogram by using a luminance value as an abscissa and a number of pixels as an ordinate.
  • the processor 93 is further configured to: determine, by using the luminance value-pixel number histogram, a luminance value corresponding to a maximum value of the number of pixels, the initial central luminance value; and using the luminance value-pixel The number histogram determines a high brightness value and a low brightness value, and averages the brightness values of the target image to obtain the average brightness value.
  • the processor 93 is further configured to: accumulate the set number of pixels from the pixel with the smallest luminance value, use the accumulated luminance value of the last pixel as the low luminance value; and the pixel with the largest luminance value The set number of pixels is started to be accumulated, and the luminance value of the accumulated last pixel is used as the high luminance value.
  • the processor 93 is further configured to: when the low brightness value is greater than a set low brightness threshold, reduce the low brightness value; and when the high brightness value is less than a set high brightness threshold, increase The high brightness value is large.
  • the processor 93 is further configured to: when the low brightness value is greater than a set low brightness threshold, perform weighting processing on the low brightness value; and the low brightness value after the weighting process is less than the low setting When the brightness threshold is used, the weighted low brightness value is used as a new low brightness value; when the low brightness value after the weighting process is greater than the set low brightness threshold, the low brightness threshold is taken as a new low brightness value; Said in the When the high brightness value is less than the set high brightness threshold, the step of increasing the high brightness value includes: performing weighting processing on the high brightness value when the high brightness value is less than the set high brightness threshold; When the subsequent high brightness value is greater than the set high brightness threshold, the weighted high brightness value is taken as a new high brightness value; when the high brightness value after the weighting process is less than the set high brightness threshold, the The high brightness threshold is used as the new high brightness value.
  • the processor 93 is further configured to: obtain the brightness value of each pixel after the brightness adjustment by using the following formula: Where L is the brightness value of each pixel, L' is the brightness value of the corresponding pixel after brightness adjustment, L 1 is the low brightness value, L 2 is the new low brightness value, H 1 is the high brightness value, and H 2 is the new The high brightness value, M 1 is the initial center brightness value, and M 2 is the new center brightness value.
  • the processor 93 is further configured to: perform weighting processing on the average luminance value, and use the weighted processed average luminance value as the new central luminance value; wherein, when the initial central luminance value is greater than When the average luminance value is described, the weighting coefficient of the weighting process is greater than 1, and when the initial center luminance value is less than the average luminance value, the weighting coefficient of the weighting process is less than 1.
  • the processor 93 is further configured to: acquire a target image; when the target image is a grayscale image, acquire a gray value of each pixel in the target image as a brightness value; In the case of a color image, a luminance value of a color component of each pixel in the target image is acquired.
  • the image processing device may be a display or may be connected to the display independently of the device.
  • the disclosed method and apparatus may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device implementations described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be used. Combinations can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. You can choose some or all of them according to actual needs.
  • the unit is to achieve the object of the solution of the present embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种图像处理方法及装置。该方法包括如下步骤:统计目标图像中的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况;确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值;调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围。本发明公开了一种图像处理方法及装置,通过扩大中心亮度区域显示范围,调整图像亮度分布情况,实现图像细节增强。

Description

一种图像处理方法及装置 【技术领域】
本发明涉及图像处理领域,特别是涉及一种图像处理方法与装置。
【背景技术】
图像处理包含强调图像的整体或局部特性,将原来不清晰的图像变得清晰或强调某些感兴趣的特征,扩大图像中不同物体特征之间的差别,抑制不感兴趣的特征,使之改善图像质量、丰富信息量,加强图像判读和识别效果,满足某些特殊分析的需要。
很多由于场景条件的影响图像拍摄的视觉效果不佳,这就需要图像处理技术来改善人的视觉效果,比如突出图像中目标物体的某些特点、从数字图像中提取目标物的特征参数等,这些都有利于对图像中目标的识别、跟踪和理解。
由于相机表现出的灰阶有限,拍照获取的图像可能会损失部分细节。拍照时对焦亮度较暗区域,则所拍图像高亮度像素更集中,亮度较高部分的细节有损失;对焦亮度较亮区域,则所拍图像低亮度像素集中,亮度较暗部分的细节有损失。
【发明内容】
本发明主要解决的问题是提供了一种图像处理方法与装置,通过扩大中心亮度区域显示范围,调整图像亮度分布情况,实现图像细节增强。
解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的一个技术方案是提供一种图像处理方法,其中,包括:获取目标图像;在所述目标图像为灰度图像时,获取所述目标图像中每个像素的灰度值作为亮度值;在所述目标图像为彩色图像时,获取所述目标图像中每个像素的一颜色分量的亮度值;以亮度值为横坐标、像素数量为纵坐标建立亮度值-像素数量直方图;确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值;调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围。
解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的一个技术方案是提供一种图像处理方法,该方法包括:统计目标图像中的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况;确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值;调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围。
解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的一个技术方案是提供一种图像处理装置,包括互相连接的存储器和处理器及输入输出装置,所述存储器用于存储计算机程序,所述计算机程序在被所述处理器执行时,用以实现上述的方法。
通过上述方案,本发明的有益效果是:本发明公开了一种图像处理方法及装置。该方法包括:统计目标图像中的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况;确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值;调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围;将亮度值转化为图像像素值,得到调整后的图像。本发明公开了一种图像处理方法及装置,通过扩大中心亮度区域显示范围,调整图像亮度分布情况,实现图像细节增强。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明提供的图像处理方法一实施例流程示意图;
图2是本发明提供的图像处理方法一实施例目标图像的亮度值-像素数量示意图;
图3是本发明提供的图像处理方法一实施例目标图像调整后的亮度值-像素数量示意图;
图4是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例的流程示意图;
图5是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中调整低亮度值的流程示意图;
图6是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中调整高亮度值的流程示意图;
图7a是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中低亮度值的亮度值-像素数量示意图;
图7b是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中低亮度值调整后的亮度值-像素数量示意图;
图8a是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中高亮度值的亮度值-像素数量示意图;
图8b是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中高亮度值调整后的亮度值-像素数量示意图;
图9是本发明提供的图像处理装置一实施例的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
参阅图1,图1是本发明提供的图像处理方法一实施例流程示意图,该图像处理方法包括:
步骤11:统计目标图像中的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况。
可以理解的,其中的亮度值一般是对于灰度图像(黑白图像)而言的,用于表示灰度图像的明暗程度,而对于彩色图像,亮度值可以是彩色图像中某一颜色分量的亮度值。以RGB图像为例,在RGB图像中的一个像素的亮度值可以是其中R、G或B颜色分量的亮度值。
在一种实施例中,可以采用28=256个亮度值来表示,即0-255,0灰阶表示黑色,255灰阶表示白色。
可选的,在此步骤之前,还可以包括:获取目标图像;在所述目标图像为灰度图像时,由于亮度值等于灰度值,因此可以获取所述目标图像中每个像素的灰度值作为亮度值;在所述目标图像为彩色图像时,获取所述目标图像中每个像素的一颜色分量的亮度值。
可选的,对于彩色图像中一个像素的亮度值L的计算方法有:利用(Y,Cr,Cb)颜色空间中的Y值来表示亮度值L,Cr和Cb分别表示红色和蓝色的色度;或 者,还可以采用(R,G,B)颜色空间中RGB分量来表示亮度值,例如亮度等于0.299R+0.587G+0.114B或Max(R,G,B);或者,还可以采用(L,a,b)颜色空间来表示亮度值,其中的L,a和b为色度坐标等。
在一具体的实施例,步骤11可以具体是:获取所述目标图像的亮度值,以亮度值为横坐标、像素数量为纵坐标建立亮度值-像素数量直方图。
具体参阅图2,图2是本发明提供的图像处理方法一实施例目标图像的亮度值-像素数量示意图,其中x轴表示亮度值,y轴表示像素数量,N为像素数量,Z1和Z2为N个像素对应的亮度值。
步骤12:确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值。
根据亮度值-像素数量直方图,获取像素个数最多的像素点对应的亮度值,即为初始中心亮度值;将所述目标图像得亮度值进行平均得到平均亮度值。
步骤13:调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围。
请参阅图3,图3是本发明提供的图像处理方法一实施例目标图像调整后的亮度值-像素数量示意图,其中x轴表示亮度值,y轴表示像素数量,N为像素数量,Z3和Z4为N个像素对应的亮度值。可以看到,与图2相比,处理后的所述目标图像的中心像素点附近的亮度范围变宽。
可选的,在调整所述目标图像的亮度值之后,将每个像素的亮度值转化为相应的像素值;对于灰度图像,亮度值为灰度值,因此图像像素值即为调整后的亮度值,根据所述的调整后的亮度值即可获得图像的像素值;对于彩色图像,需要采用颜色空间,将亮度值转化为图像像素值,从而得到调整后的图像。
区别于现有技术,本实施方式公开的图像处理方法,首先统计目标图像中的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况;其次确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值;然后调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围。通过扩大中心亮度区域显示范围,调整图像亮度分布情况,实现图像细节增强。例如像素数量N=100,亮度值 Z1=100,亮度值Z2=150,中心亮度值为130,亮度值Z3=90,亮度值Z2=165,新中心亮度值为128,100个像素对应得亮度值范围为50,调整后亮度值范围变成75。
参阅图4,图4是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例的流程示意图,该方法包括:
步骤41:以亮度值为横坐标、像素数量为纵坐标建立亮度值-像素数量直方图。
步骤42:利用亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定其中像素数量的最大值对应的亮度值为初始中心亮度值;以及利用亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定高亮度值和低亮度值,将目标图像的亮度值进行平均得到平均亮度值。
可选的,在步骤42中,利用亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定高亮度值和低亮度值,将目标图像的亮度值进行平均得到平均亮度值,可以具体采用以下方法:
从亮度值最小的像素开始累计设定数量个像素,将累计的最后的一个像素的亮度值作为低亮度值;以及从亮度值最大的像素开始累计设定数量个像素,将累计的最后的一个像素的亮度值作为高亮度值。
例如,目标图像为灰度图像,设定40个像素,在亮度值-像素数量直方图中,40个像素对应的亮度值分别为50和200,那低亮度值为50,高亮度值为200;如果40个像素没有与之对应的亮度值,则选取其与其相差最小的数目对应的亮度值,如39或41个像素对应的亮度值。
步骤43:对平均亮度值进行加权处理,将加权处理后的平均亮度值作为新的中心亮度值。
其中,当初始中心亮度值大于平均亮度值时,加权处理的加权系数大于1,当初始中心亮度值小于平均亮度值时,加权处理的加权系数小于1。
步骤44:在低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,减小低亮度值;以及在高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,增大高亮度值。
可选的,步骤44可以具体包括:
在低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,对低亮度值进行加权处理,将低亮度值L1乘以低亮度调整系数R1;在加权处理后的低亮度值小于设定低亮度阈值时,将加权后的低亮度值作为新的低亮度值;在加权处理后的低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,将低亮度阈值作为新的低亮度值;以及
在高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,对高亮度值进行加权处理;在加权处理后的高亮度值大于设定高亮度阈值时,将加权后的高亮度值作为新的高亮度值;在加权处理后的高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,将高亮度阈值作为新的高亮度值。
可选的,下面通过两个示意图对步骤44进行详细说明:
参照图5,图5为本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中调整低亮度值的流程示意图。
在所述低亮度值小于设定低亮度阈值时,低亮度值不变,即新的低亮度值等于原来的低亮度值。
在所述低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,减小所述低亮度值,具体包括:
在所述低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,对所述低亮度值进行加权处理,将低亮度值L1乘以低亮度调整系数R1
其中,在加权处理后的低亮度值L2小于所述设定低亮度阈值T1时,将加权后的低亮度值作为新的低亮度值;在加权处理后的低亮度值大于所述设定低亮度阈值时,将所述低亮度阈值作为新的低亮度值,即L2=min{T1*R1,T1}。
参照图6,图6为本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中调整高亮度值的流程示意图。
在所述高亮度值大于设定高亮度阈值时,高亮度值不变,即新的高亮度值等于原来的高亮度值。
在所述高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,增大所述高亮度值,具体包括:
在所述高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,对所述高亮度值进行加权处理,将高亮度值H2乘以高亮度调整系数R2
其中,在加权处理后的高亮度值H2大于所述设定高亮度阈值T2时,将加权后的高亮度值作为新的高亮度值;在加权处理后的高亮度值小于所述设定高亮度阈值时,将所述高亮度阈值作为新的高亮度值,即H2=min{T2*R2,T2}。
如图7a和图7b所示,图7a是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中低亮度值的亮度值-像素数量示意图,图7b是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中低亮度值调整后的亮度值-像素数量示意图;N1为像素数量,G1为该像素数量对应的低亮度值,G2为该像素数量对应的新的低亮度值,从图中可以看到低亮度范围变宽。例如,N1=70,G1=100,G2=80,低亮度值向左移动,低亮度范围扩大。
如图8a和图8b所示,图8a是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中高亮度值的亮度值-像素数量示意图,图8b是本发明提供的图像处理方法另一实施例中高亮度值调整后的亮度值-像素数量示意图;N2为像素数量,K1为该像素数量对应的高亮度值,K2为该像素数量对应的新的高亮度值,从图中可以看到高亮度范围变宽。例如,N2=70,K1=180,K2=200,高亮度值向右移动,高亮度范围扩大。
步骤45:获得亮度调整后的每个像素的亮度值。
调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,包括:
假设图像大小为M×N(M、N为正整数),对每一个像素采用以下公式获得亮度调整后的每个像素的亮度值:
Figure PCTCN2017112480-appb-000001
其中,L为每个像素的亮度值,L′为亮度调整后对应像素的亮度值,L1为低亮度值,L2为新的低亮度值,H1为高亮度值,H2为新的高亮度值,M1为初始中心亮度值,M2为新的中心亮度值。
此上述步骤之后还包括将调整亮度值后的图像表示出来,如果目标图像是灰度图像,则可根据亮度值直接输出图像;如果目标图像是彩色图像,就需要进行转化才能得到输出图像。
例如:如果彩色图像使用(L,a,b)颜色空间中的L作为亮度值,则按照下面公式进行获取调整后的彩色图像的R、G、B分量:
首先将(L,a,b)颜色空间转化为(X,Y,Z)颜色空间:
L=116f(Y/Y0)-16
a=500[f(X/X0)-f(Y/Y0)]
b=200[f(Y/Y0)-f(Z/Z0)]
其中,函数
Figure PCTCN2017112480-appb-000002
再将(X,Y,Z)颜色空间转化为(R,G,B)颜色空间:
Figure PCTCN2017112480-appb-000003
根据上述的步骤可将每个像素的亮度信息转化为图像的颜色分量信息,实现对所述目标图像的亮度调整,增强亮度集中区域的图像细节,通过将图像低亮度值调得更低,将图像高亮度值调得更高,可整体提高图像亮度显示范围,从而增强图像对比度。
参阅图9,图9是本发明提供的图像处理装置一实施例的结构示意图,该亮度缺陷检测装置90包括输入输出装置91、存储器92以及处理器93;其中,所述存储器用于存储计算机程序,所述计算机程序在被所述处理器执行时,用于实现以下步骤:
统计目标图像中的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况;确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值;调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围;将亮度值转化为图像像素值,得到调整后的图像。
可选的,处理器93还用于执行:以亮度值为横坐标、像素数量为纵坐标建立亮度值-像素数量直方图。
可选的,处理器93还用于执行:利用所述亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定其中像素数量的最大值对应的亮度值为所述初始中心亮度值;以及利用所述亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定高亮度值和低亮度值,将所述目标图像的亮度值进行平均得到所述平均亮度值。
可选的,处理器93还用于执行:从亮度值最小的像素开始累计设定数量个像素,将累计的最后的一个像素的亮度值作为所述低亮度值;以及从亮度值最大的像素开始累计所述设定数量个像素,将累计的最后的一个像素的亮度值作为所述高亮度值。
可选的,处理器93还用于执行:在所述低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,减小所述低亮度值;以及在所述高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,增大所述高亮度值。
可选的,处理器93还用于执行:在所述低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,对所述低亮度值进行加权处理;在加权处理后的低亮度值小于所述设定低亮度阈值时,将加权后的低亮度值作为新的低亮度值;在加权处理后的低亮度值大于所述设定低亮度阈值时,将所述低亮度阈值作为新的低亮度值;所述在所述 高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,增大所述高亮度值的步骤,包括:在所述高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,对所述高亮度值进行加权处理;在加权处理后的高亮度值大于所述设定高亮度阈值时,将加权后的高亮度值作为新的高亮度值;在加权处理后的高亮度值小于所述设定高亮度阈值时,将所述高亮度阈值作为新的高亮度值。
可选的,处理器93还用于执行:采用以下公式获得亮度调整后的每个像素的亮度值:
Figure PCTCN2017112480-appb-000004
其中,L为每个像素的亮度值,L′为亮度调整后对应像素的亮度值,L1为低亮度值,L2为新的低亮度值,H1为高亮度值,H2为新的高亮度值,M1为初始中心亮度值,M2为新的中心亮度值。
可选的,处理器93还用于执行:对所述平均亮度值进行加权处理,将加权处理后的平均亮度值作为所述新的中心亮度值;其中,当所述初始中心亮度值大于所述平均亮度值时,所述加权处理的加权系数大于1,当所述初始中心亮度值小于所述平均亮度值时,所述加权处理的加权系数小于1。
可选的,处理器93还用于执行:获取目标图像;在所述目标图像为灰度图像时,获取所述目标图像中每个像素的灰度值作为亮度值;在所述目标图像为彩色图像时,获取所述目标图像中每个像素的一颜色分量的亮度值。
可选的,所述图像处理装置可以为显示器,或可以与显示器连接独立的装置。
可以理解的,本实施例提供的图像处理装置所执行的步骤和工作原理与上述实施例中的图像处理方法类似,这里不再赘述。
在本发明所提供的几个实施方式中,应该理解到,所揭露的方法以及设备,可以通过其它的方式实现。例如,以上所描述的设备实施方式仅仅是示意性的,例如,所述模块或单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部 单元来实现本实施方式方案的目的。
另外,在本发明各个实施方式中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种图像处理方法,其中,包括:
    获取目标图像;
    在所述目标图像为灰度图像时,获取所述目标图像中每个像素的灰度值作为亮度值;
    在所述目标图像为彩色图像时,获取所述目标图像中每个像素的一颜色分量的亮度值;
    以亮度值为横坐标、像素数量为纵坐标建立亮度值-像素数量直方图;
    确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值;
    调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,
    所述确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值的步骤,包括:
    利用所述亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定其中像素数量的最大值对应的亮度值为所述初始中心亮度值;以及
    利用所述亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定高亮度值和低亮度值,将所述目标图像的亮度值进行平均得到所述平均亮度值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中,
    所述利用所述亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定高亮度值和低亮度值的步骤,包括:
    从亮度值最小的像素开始累计设定数量个像素,将累计的最后的一个像素的亮度值作为所述低亮度值;以及
    从亮度值最大的像素开始累计所述设定数量个像素,将累计的最后的一个像素的亮度值作为所述高亮度值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中,
    所述方法还包括:
    在所述低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,减小所述低亮度值;以及
    在所述高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,增大所述高亮度值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中,
    所述在所述低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,减小所述低亮度值的步骤,包括:
    在所述低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,对所述低亮度值进行加权处理;
    在加权处理后的低亮度值小于所述设定低亮度阈值时,将加权后的低亮度值作为新的低亮度值;
    在加权处理后的低亮度值大于所述设定低亮度阈值时,将所述低亮度阈值作为新的低亮度值;
    所述在所述高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,增大所述高亮度值的步骤,包括:
    在所述高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,对所述高亮度值进行加权处理;
    在加权处理后的高亮度值大于所述设定高亮度阈值时,将加权后的高亮度值作为新的高亮度值;
    在加权处理后的高亮度值小于所述设定高亮度阈值时,将所述高亮度阈值作为新的高亮度值。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中
    所述调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况的步骤,包括:
    采用以下公式获得亮度调整后的每个像素的亮度值:
    Figure PCTCN2017112480-appb-100001
    其中,L为每个像素的亮度值,L′为亮度调整后对应像素的亮度值,L1为低亮度值,L2为新的低亮度值,H1为高亮度值,H2为新的高亮度值,M1为初始中心亮度值,M2为新的中心亮度值。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,
    所述调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围的步骤,包括:
    对所述平均亮度值进行加权处理,将加权处理后的平均亮度值作为所述新的中心亮度值;
    其中,当所述初始中心亮度值大于所述平均亮度值时,所述加权处理的加权系数大于1,当所述初始中心亮度值小于所述平均亮度值时,所述加权处理的加权系数小于1。
  8. 一种图像处理方法,其中,包括:
    统计目标图像中的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况;
    确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值;
    调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中,
    所述统计目标图像中的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况的步骤,包括:
    以亮度值为横坐标、像素数量为纵坐标建立亮度值-像素数量直方图。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,
    所述确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值的步骤,包括:
    利用所述亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定其中像素数量的最大值对应的亮度值为所述初始中心亮度值;以及
    利用所述亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定高亮度值和低亮度值,将所述目标图像的亮度值进行平均得到所述平均亮度值。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中,
    所述利用所述亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定高亮度值和低亮度值的步骤,包括:
    从亮度值最小的像素开始累计设定数量个像素,将累计的最后的一个像素的亮度值作为所述低亮度值;以及
    从亮度值最大的像素开始累计所述设定数量个像素,将累计的最后的一个像素的亮度值作为所述高亮度值。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法,其中,
    所述方法还包括:
    在所述低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,减小所述低亮度值;以及
    在所述高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,增大所述高亮度值。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,
    所述在所述低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,减小所述低亮度值的步骤,包括:
    在所述低亮度值大于设定低亮度阈值时,对所述低亮度值进行加权处理;
    在加权处理后的低亮度值小于所述设定低亮度阈值时,将加权后的低亮度值作为新的低亮度值;
    在加权处理后的低亮度值大于所述设定低亮度阈值时,将所述低亮度阈值作为新的低亮度值;
    所述在所述高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,增大所述高亮度值的步骤,包括:
    在所述高亮度值小于设定高亮度阈值时,对所述高亮度值进行加权处理;
    在加权处理后的高亮度值大于所述设定高亮度阈值时,将加权后的高亮度值作为新的高亮度值;
    在加权处理后的高亮度值小于所述设定高亮度阈值时,将所述高亮度阈值作为新的高亮度值。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中
    所述调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况的步骤,包括:
    采用以下公式获得亮度调整后的每个像素的亮度值:
    Figure PCTCN2017112480-appb-100002
    其中,L为每个像素的亮度值,L′为亮度调整后对应像素的亮度值,L1为低亮度值,L2为新的低亮度值,H1为高亮度值,H2为新的高亮度值,M1为初始中心亮度值,M2为新的中心亮度值。
  15. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中,
    所述调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值 范围的步骤,包括:
    对所述平均亮度值进行加权处理,将加权处理后的平均亮度值作为所述新的中心亮度值;
    其中,当所述初始中心亮度值大于所述平均亮度值时,所述加权处理的加权系数大于1,当所述初始中心亮度值小于所述平均亮度值时,所述加权处理的加权系数小于1。
  16. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中,
    所述统计目标图像中的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况的步骤之前,还包括:
    获取目标图像;
    在所述目标图像为灰度图像时,获取所述目标图像中每个像素的灰度值作为亮度值;
    在所述目标图像为彩色图像时,获取所述目标图像中每个像素的一颜色分量的亮度值。
  17. 一种图像处理装置,其中,包括互相连接的存储器和处理器及输入输出装置,所述存储器用于存储计算机程序,所述计算机程序在被所述处理器执行时,用以实现以下步骤:
    统计目标图像中的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况;
    确定像素数量最多的初始中心亮度值,以及确定所述目标图像的平均亮度值;
    调整所述目标图像的像素在不同亮度值的数量分布情况,以使调整后的图像中像素数量最多的新的中心亮度值相比所述初始中心亮度值更加接近所述平均亮度值,且增加包含所述新的中心亮度值的预设亮度阈值的像素亮度值范围。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的图像处理装置,其中,
    所述处理器还用于执行:
    以亮度值为横坐标、像素数量为纵坐标建立亮度值-像素数量直方图。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的图像处理装置,其中,
    所述处理器还用于执行:
    利用所述亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定其中像素数量的最大值对应的亮度值为所述初始中心亮度值;以及
    利用所述亮度值-像素数量直方图,确定高亮度值和低亮度值,将所述目 标图像的亮度值进行平均得到所述平均亮度值。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的图像处理装置,其中,
    所述处理器还用于执行:
    从亮度值最小的像素开始累计设定数量个像素,将累计的最后的一个像素的亮度值作为所述低亮度值;以及
    从亮度值最大的像素开始累计所述设定数量个像素,将累计的最后的一个像素的亮度值作为所述高亮度值。
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