WO2019061239A1 - 一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺 - Google Patents

一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019061239A1
WO2019061239A1 PCT/CN2017/104232 CN2017104232W WO2019061239A1 WO 2019061239 A1 WO2019061239 A1 WO 2019061239A1 CN 2017104232 W CN2017104232 W CN 2017104232W WO 2019061239 A1 WO2019061239 A1 WO 2019061239A1
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Prior art keywords
parts
end cap
spherical end
mold
pouring
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PCT/CN2017/104232
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
管宪德
浦巧生
朱兴明
姚庆华
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吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/104232 priority Critical patent/WO2019061239A1/zh
Publication of WO2019061239A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019061239A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a processing technology of a spherical end cap casting, and belongs to the technical field of casting.
  • end caps As an important protective part on valves, pumps or motors, the end caps must have strong mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance, which puts higher requirements on the manufacture of end caps, among them, compared with ordinary ones. Flat end caps and ball caps are more demanding to manufacture.
  • Application No. 2010102277519 discloses a casting production process for a spherical end cap, discloses the application of a heat resistant material and the heat preservation of the casting, but the disclosed heat resistance
  • the material is quartz powder and diatomaceous earth.
  • the heat-resistant material is heat-resistant, it is easy to produce granule-like protrusions, which causes the surface of the casting to be not smooth.
  • the heat-insulating operation of the casting is disclosed, but the time of the entire production process is increased, and the cost is consumed. A lot of heat.
  • the present invention provides a processing technique for a spherical end cap casting.
  • a processing method for a spherical end cap casting includes the following steps:
  • Furnace smelting The pig iron is smelted in an electric furnace, and at the same time, a refining agent is added, and the smelting amount is less than 0.02%, and the phosphorus content is less than 0.02% at a temperature of 1550-1580 ° C. 0.02%, copper content less than 0.25%, carbon content 0.15-0.18%, silicon content 0.2-0.25%, manganese content 0.35-0.45%, nickel content 0.25-0.35%;
  • the mold includes the upper mold and the lower mold, and the upper mold and the lower mold are assembled to the core shooting machine, and the molding sand is filled into the model through the core shooting machine, and the molding sand is at a temperature of 80- After heat curing at 100 ° C, the inner surface of the molded sand is sprayed with high temperature resistant paint for use;
  • the molten iron in the step (1) is at a temperature of 1320-1350 ° C,
  • the inoculant is added and poured into the shape in the step (2), and the pouring time is 18-25 s.
  • the finished spherical end cap is obtained after washing and treating the surface.
  • the processing method of the spherical end cap casting wherein the refining agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 30-40 parts of calcium oxide, 3-8 parts of silica, 16-20 parts of alumina, borax 8-12 parts, 5-10 parts of cesium fluoride, 1-3 parts of cerium oxide, 4-8 parts of carbon tetrachloride, 5-10 parts of fluorite slag and 3-8 parts of calcium carbonate.
  • the refining agent is added in an amount of 0.2-0.5% of the total weight of the molten iron.
  • the high temperature resistant coating comprises 100-120 parts of acrylic acid, 10-15 parts of methyl silicone oil, 30-40 parts of rock wool, 4-8 parts of methyl amyl alcohol, nanometer 10-16 parts of silica and 1-4 parts of propylene glycol butyl ether.
  • the processing method of a spherical end cap casting which is obtained by the following steps: placing rock wool in a pulper, adding water to grind, obtaining a rock wool slurry, and rock wool slurry After heating to 60-80 ° C, methylpentanol and acrylic acid are added, and after reacting for 30-40 min, methyl silicone oil, nano silica and propylene glycol butyl ether are added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed to obtain a high temperature resistant coating.
  • the inoculant is a silicon germanium inoculant.
  • the inoculant is added in an amount of 0.12-0.16% of the weight of the molten iron.
  • the processing method of the invention is simple, time-consuming and short, saves energy, improves the precision of pouring molten iron by adding a refining agent, reduces the shrinkage hole on the surface of the casting, improves the precision of the casting, and is resistant to spraying in the molded sand after curing. High-temperature paint, when pouring, the iron liquid flows evenly, reducing sand holes and pores.
  • the refining agent of the invention can be quickly melted, can refine the iron liquid crystal particles, improve the quality of the molten iron, has good desulfurization and deoxidation effect, and has a desulfurization rate of 80-85%.
  • the high temperature resistant coating of the invention is mainly rock wool, supplemented by nano silica and methyl pentane Alcohol and acrylic acid, good heat resistance, and good thermal insulation properties. During the casting process, the overall uniformity of the casting can be ensured. By adding methyl pentanol and propylene glycol butyl ether, the high temperature resistant coating has good dispersibility and can Rapid film formation adheres to the surface of the molding sand.
  • a processing method for a spherical end cap casting includes the following steps:
  • Furnace smelting The pig iron is smelted in an electric furnace, and at the same time, a refining agent is added, and the smelting amount is less than 0.02%, and the phosphorus content is less than 0.02% at a temperature of 1550-1580 ° C. 0.02%, copper content less than 0.25%, carbon content 0.15-0.18%, silicon content 0.2-0.25%, manganese content 0.35-0.45%, nickel content 0.25-0.35%;
  • the mold includes the upper mold and the lower mold, and the upper mold and the lower mold are assembled to the core shooting machine, and the molding sand is filled into the model through the core shooting machine, and the molding sand is at a temperature of 80- After heat curing at 100 ° C, the inner surface of the molded sand is sprayed with high temperature resistant paint for use;
  • the molten iron in the step (1) is added to the inoculant at a temperature of 1320-1350 ° C, and poured into the shape in the step (2), the pouring time is 18-25 s, after the pouring is completed, After the natural cooling, the finished spherical end cap is obtained after washing and treating the surface.
  • the refining agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 30 parts of calcium oxide, 3 parts of silica, 20 parts of alumina, 8 parts of borax, 10 parts of cesium fluoride, 1 part of cerium oxide, tetrachlorination 4 parts of carbon, 10 parts of fluorite slag and 3 parts of calcium carbonate.
  • the refining agent is added in an amount of 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the molten iron.
  • the high temperature resistant coating comprises 120 parts of acrylic acid, 10 parts of methyl silicone oil, 30 parts of rock wool, 8 parts of methyl amyl alcohol, 10 parts of nano silica and 4 parts of propylene glycol butyl ether.
  • the high temperature resistant paint is obtained by placing rock wool in a pulper, adding water to grind, obtaining a rock wool slurry, heating the rock wool slurry to 60-80 ° C, and adding Methyl pentanol and acrylic acid are reacted for 30-40 min, then methyl silicone oil, nano silica and propylene glycol butyl ether are added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed to obtain a high temperature resistant coating.
  • the inoculant is a silicon germanium inoculant.
  • the inoculant was added in an amount of 0.16% by weight of the molten iron.
  • a processing method for a spherical end cap casting includes the following steps:
  • Furnace smelting The pig iron is smelted in an electric furnace, and at the same time, a refining agent is added, and the smelting amount is less than 0.02%, and the phosphorus content is less than 0.02% at a temperature of 1550-1580 ° C. 0.02%, copper content less than 0.25%, carbon content 0.15-0.18%, silicon content 0.2-0.25%, manganese content 0.35-0.45%, nickel content 0.25-0.35%;
  • the mold includes the upper mold and the lower mold, and the upper mold and the lower mold are assembled to the core shooting machine, and the molding sand is filled into the model through the core shooting machine, and the molding sand is at a temperature of 80- After heat curing at 100 ° C, the inner surface of the molded sand is sprayed with high temperature resistant paint for use;
  • the molten iron in the step (1) is added to the inoculant at a temperature of 1320-1350 ° C, and poured into the shape in the step (2), the pouring time is 18-25 s, after the pouring is completed, After the natural cooling, the finished spherical end cap is obtained after washing and treating the surface.
  • the refining agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 40 parts of calcium oxide, 8 parts of silica, 16 parts of alumina, 12 parts of borax, 5 parts of cesium fluoride, 3 parts of cerium oxide, tetrachlorination 8 parts of carbon, 5 parts of fluorite slag and 8 parts of calcium carbonate.
  • the refining agent is added in an amount of 0.2% by weight based on the total weight of the molten iron.
  • the high temperature resistant coating comprises 120 parts of acrylic acid, 15 parts of methyl silicone oil, 40 parts of rock wool, 4 parts of methyl amyl alcohol, 16 parts of nano silica and 1 part of propylene glycol butyl ether.
  • the high temperature resistant paint is obtained by placing rock wool in a pulper, adding water to grind, obtaining a rock wool slurry, heating the rock wool slurry to 60-80 ° C, adding methyl pentanol and acrylic acid. After reacting for 30-40 min, methyl silicone oil, nano silica and propylene glycol butyl ether are added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed to obtain a high temperature resistant coating.
  • the inoculant is a silicon germanium inoculant.
  • the inoculant was added in an amount of 0.12% by weight of the molten iron.
  • a processing method for a spherical end cap casting includes the following steps:
  • Furnace smelting The pig iron is smelted in an electric furnace, and at the same time, a refining agent is added, and the smelting amount is less than 0.02%, and the phosphorus content is less than 0.02% at a temperature of 1550-1580 ° C. 0.02%, copper content less than 0.25%, carbon content 0.15-0.18%, silicon content 0.2-0.25%, manganese content 0.35-0.45%, nickel content 0.25-0.35%;
  • the mold includes the upper mold and the lower mold, and the upper mold and the lower mold are assembled to the core shooting machine, and the molding sand is filled into the model through the core shooting machine, and the molding sand is at a temperature of 80- After heat curing at 100 ° C, the inner surface of the molded sand is sprayed with high temperature resistant paint for use;
  • the molten iron in the step (1) is added to the inoculant at a temperature of 1320-1350 ° C, and poured into the shape in the step (2), the pouring time is 18-25 s, after the pouring is completed, After the natural cooling, the finished spherical end cap is obtained after washing and treating the surface.
  • the refining agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 36 parts of calcium oxide, 5 parts of silica, 18 parts of alumina, 10 parts of borax, 8 parts of cesium fluoride, 2 parts of cerium oxide, tetrachlorination 6 parts of carbon, 8 parts of fluorite slag and 5 parts of calcium carbonate.
  • the refining agent is added in an amount of 0.3% by weight based on the total weight of the molten iron.
  • the high temperature resistant coating comprises 110 parts of acrylic acid, 12 parts of methyl silicone oil, 35 parts of rock wool, 7 parts of methyl amyl alcohol, 15 parts of nano silica and 2 parts of propylene glycol butyl ether.
  • the high temperature resistant paint is obtained by placing rock wool in a pulper, adding water to grind, obtaining a rock wool slurry, heating the rock wool slurry to 60-80 ° C, adding methyl pentanol and acrylic acid. After reacting for 30-40 min, methyl silicone oil, nano silica and propylene glycol butyl ether are added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed to obtain a high temperature resistant coating.
  • the inoculant is a silicon germanium inoculant.
  • the inoculant was added in an amount of 0.15% by weight of the molten iron.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，包括以下步骤：（1）炉料熔炼：将生铁置于电炉中熔炼，同时加入精炼剂，在温度为1550-1580℃的条件下熔炼2-3h；（2）造型：按照球形端盖设计制模，模具包括上模具和下模具，将上模具和下模具组装到射芯机，通过射芯机将型砂压满模型内，型砂在温度为80-100℃条件下加热固化成型后，在固化后的型砂内表面喷涂耐高温涂料；（3）浇注：将步骤（1）中的铁液在温度为1320-1350℃条件下，加入孕育剂，浇注到步骤（2）中的造型中，浇注时间为18-25s，浇注完成后，自然降温后得到经过清洗、处理表面后得到成品球形端盖。上述加工工艺过程简单，节约能源，通过加入精炼剂提高了浇注铁液的精度，减少了铸件表面的缩孔，提高了铸件的精度；通过在固化后的型砂内喷涂耐高温涂料，铁液流动均匀，减少砂眼和气孔。

Description

一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，属于铸造技术领域。
背景技术
端盖作为阀、泵或电机上的重要保护零件，其必须具有较强的机械性能与较高的耐腐蚀性能，这就对端盖的制造提出了较高的要求，其中，相对于普通的平面端盖，球形端盖的制造要求更高。
申请号为2010102277519，名称为《一种球形端盖的铸造生产工艺》的中国专利，公开了一种球形端盖的铸造生产工艺，公开了耐热材料的涂抹和铸件保温，但是公开的耐热材料是石英粉和硅藻土，其耐热材料虽然耐热，但是容易产生颗粒状突起，导致铸件表面不光滑，另外，公开了铸件的保温操作，但是增加了整个生产工艺的时间，并且耗费了大量的热能。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)炉料熔炼：将生铁置于电炉中熔炼，同时加入精炼剂，在温度为1550-1580℃的条件下熔炼2-3h，得到的铁液中含硫量小于0.02％，含磷量小于0.02％，含铜量小于0.25％，含碳量为0.15-0.18％，含硅量0.2-0.25％，含锰量0.35-0.45％，含镍量0.25-0.35％；
(2)造型：按照球形端盖设计制模，模具包括上模具和下模具，将上模具和下模具组装到射芯机，通过射芯机将型砂压满模型内，型砂在温度为80-100℃条件下加热固化成型后，在固化后的型砂内表面喷涂耐高温涂料，备用；
(3)浇注：将步骤(1)中的铁液在温度为1320-1350℃条件下， 加入孕育剂，浇注到步骤(2)中的造型中，浇注时间为18-25s，浇注完成后，自然降温后得到经过清洗、处理表面后得到成品球形端盖。
所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，所述精炼剂包括以下重量份数的原料：氧化钙30-40份、二氧化硅3-8份、三氧化二铝16-20份、硼砂8-12份、氟化钡5-10份、氧化镧1-3份、四氯化碳4-8份、萤石矿渣5-10份和碳酸钙3-8份。
所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，所述精炼剂的加入量为铁液总重量的0.2-0.5％。
所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，所述耐高温涂料包括丙烯酸100-120份、甲基硅油10-15份、岩棉30-40份、甲基戊醇4-8份、纳米二氧化硅10-16份和丙二醇丁醚1-4份。
所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，所述耐高温涂料是通过以下步骤获得的：将岩棉置于碎浆机中，加入水进行碎浆，得到岩棉浆液，将岩棉浆液加热至60-80℃，加入甲基戊醇和丙烯酸，反应30-40min后，加入甲基硅油、纳米二氧化硅和丙二醇丁醚，充分搅拌混合后即可得到耐高温涂料。
所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，所述孕育剂为硅钡孕育剂。
所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，所述孕育剂的加入量为铁液重量的0.12-0.16％。
本发明所达到的有益效果：
本发明的加工工艺过程简单，耗时短，节约能源，通过加入精炼剂提高了浇注铁液的精度，减少了铸件表面的缩孔，提高了铸件的精度，通过在固化后的型砂内喷涂耐高温涂料，在浇注时，铁液流动均匀，减少砂眼和气孔。
本发明的精炼剂能够快速熔化，能够细化铁液晶粒，改善铁液质量，脱硫脱氧效果好，脱硫率为80-85％。
本发明的耐高温涂料以岩棉为主料，辅以纳米二氧化硅、甲基戊 醇和丙烯酸，耐热性好，且保温性能也好，在浇注过程中，能够保证浇注过程中，铸件整体的均匀性，通过加入甲基戊醇和丙二醇丁醚，耐高温涂料分散性好，并且能够快速成膜，粘附在型砂表面。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)炉料熔炼：将生铁置于电炉中熔炼，同时加入精炼剂，在温度为1550-1580℃的条件下熔炼2-3h，得到的铁液中含硫量小于0.02％，含磷量小于0.02％，含铜量小于0.25％，含碳量为0.15-0.18％，含硅量0.2-0.25％，含锰量0.35-0.45％，含镍量0.25-0.35％；
(2)造型：按照球形端盖设计制模，模具包括上模具和下模具，将上模具和下模具组装到射芯机，通过射芯机将型砂压满模型内，型砂在温度为80-100℃条件下加热固化成型后，在固化后的型砂内表面喷涂耐高温涂料，备用；
(3)浇注：将步骤(1)中的铁液在温度为1320-1350℃条件下，加入孕育剂，浇注到步骤(2)中的造型中，浇注时间为18-25s，浇注完成后，自然降温后得到经过清洗、处理表面后得到成品球形端盖。
其中，所述精炼剂包括以下重量份数的原料：氧化钙30份、二氧化硅3份、三氧化二铝20份、硼砂8份、氟化钡10份、氧化镧1份、四氯化碳4份、萤石矿渣10份和碳酸钙3份。所述精炼剂的加入量为铁液总重量的0.5％。
其中，所述耐高温涂料包括丙烯酸120份、甲基硅油10份、岩棉30份、甲基戊醇8份、纳米二氧化硅10份和丙二醇丁醚4份。
所述耐高温涂料是通过以下步骤获得的：将岩棉置于碎浆机中，加入水进行碎浆，得到岩棉浆液，将岩棉浆液加热至60-80℃，加入 甲基戊醇和丙烯酸，反应30-40min后，加入甲基硅油、纳米二氧化硅和丙二醇丁醚，充分搅拌混合后即可得到耐高温涂料。
所述孕育剂为硅钡孕育剂。所述孕育剂的加入量为铁液重量的0.16％。
实施例2
一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)炉料熔炼：将生铁置于电炉中熔炼，同时加入精炼剂，在温度为1550-1580℃的条件下熔炼2-3h，得到的铁液中含硫量小于0.02％，含磷量小于0.02％，含铜量小于0.25％，含碳量为0.15-0.18％，含硅量0.2-0.25％，含锰量0.35-0.45％，含镍量0.25-0.35％；
(2)造型：按照球形端盖设计制模，模具包括上模具和下模具，将上模具和下模具组装到射芯机，通过射芯机将型砂压满模型内，型砂在温度为80-100℃条件下加热固化成型后，在固化后的型砂内表面喷涂耐高温涂料，备用；
(3)浇注：将步骤(1)中的铁液在温度为1320-1350℃条件下，加入孕育剂，浇注到步骤(2)中的造型中，浇注时间为18-25s，浇注完成后，自然降温后得到经过清洗、处理表面后得到成品球形端盖。
其中，所述精炼剂包括以下重量份数的原料：氧化钙40份、二氧化硅8份、三氧化二铝16份、硼砂12份、氟化钡5份、氧化镧3份、四氯化碳8份、萤石矿渣5份和碳酸钙8份。所述精炼剂的加入量为铁液总重量的0.2％。
其中，所述耐高温涂料包括丙烯酸120份、甲基硅油15份、岩棉40份、甲基戊醇4份、纳米二氧化硅16份和丙二醇丁醚1份。
所述耐高温涂料是通过以下步骤获得的：将岩棉置于碎浆机中，加入水进行碎浆，得到岩棉浆液，将岩棉浆液加热至60-80℃，加入甲基戊醇和丙烯酸，反应30-40min后，加入甲基硅油、纳米二氧化硅和丙二醇丁醚，充分搅拌混合后即可得到耐高温涂料。
所述孕育剂为硅钡孕育剂。所述孕育剂的加入量为铁液重量的0.12％。
实施例3
一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)炉料熔炼：将生铁置于电炉中熔炼，同时加入精炼剂，在温度为1550-1580℃的条件下熔炼2-3h，得到的铁液中含硫量小于0.02％，含磷量小于0.02％，含铜量小于0.25％，含碳量为0.15-0.18％，含硅量0.2-0.25％，含锰量0.35-0.45％，含镍量0.25-0.35％；
(2)造型：按照球形端盖设计制模，模具包括上模具和下模具，将上模具和下模具组装到射芯机，通过射芯机将型砂压满模型内，型砂在温度为80-100℃条件下加热固化成型后，在固化后的型砂内表面喷涂耐高温涂料，备用；
(3)浇注：将步骤(1)中的铁液在温度为1320-1350℃条件下，加入孕育剂，浇注到步骤(2)中的造型中，浇注时间为18-25s，浇注完成后，自然降温后得到经过清洗、处理表面后得到成品球形端盖。
其中，所述精炼剂包括以下重量份数的原料：氧化钙36份、二氧化硅5份、三氧化二铝18份、硼砂10份、氟化钡8份、氧化镧2份、四氯化碳6份、萤石矿渣8份和碳酸钙5份。所述精炼剂的加入量为铁液总重量的0.3％。
其中，所述耐高温涂料包括丙烯酸110份、甲基硅油12份、岩棉35份、甲基戊醇7份、纳米二氧化硅15份和丙二醇丁醚2份。
所述耐高温涂料是通过以下步骤获得的：将岩棉置于碎浆机中，加入水进行碎浆，得到岩棉浆液，将岩棉浆液加热至60-80℃，加入甲基戊醇和丙烯酸，反应30-40min后，加入甲基硅油、纳米二氧化硅和丙二醇丁醚，充分搅拌混合后即可得到耐高温涂料。
所述孕育剂为硅钡孕育剂。所述孕育剂的加入量为铁液重量的0.15％。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，其特征是，包括以下几个步骤：
    (1)炉料熔炼：将生铁置于电炉中熔炼，同时加入精炼剂，在温度为1550-1580℃的条件下熔炼2-3h，得到的铁液中含硫量小于0.02％，含磷量小于0.02％，含铜量小于0.25％，含碳量为0.15-0.18％，含硅量0.2-0.25％，含锰量0.35-0.45％，含镍量0.25-0.35％；
    (2)造型：按照球形端盖设计制模，模具包括上模具和下模具，将上模具和下模具组装到射芯机，通过射芯机将型砂压满模型内，型砂在温度为80-100℃条件下加热固化成型后，在固化后的型砂内表面喷涂耐高温涂料，备用；
    (3)浇注：将步骤(1)中的铁液在温度为1320-1350℃条件下，加入孕育剂，浇注到步骤(2)中的造型中，浇注时间为18-25s，浇注完成后，自然降温后得到经过清洗、处理表面后得到成品球形端盖。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，其特征是，所述精炼剂包括以下重量份数的原料：氧化钙30-40份、二氧化硅3-8份、三氧化二铝16-20份、硼砂8-12份、氟化钡5-10份、氧化镧1-3份、四氯化碳4-8份、萤石矿渣5-10份和碳酸钙3-8份。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，其特征是，所述精炼剂的加入量为铁液总重量的0.2-0.5％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，其特征是，所述耐高温涂料包括丙烯酸100-120份、甲基硅油10-15份、岩棉30-40份、甲基戊醇4-8份、纳米二氧化硅10-16份和丙二醇丁醚1-4份。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，其特征是，所述耐高温涂料是通过以下步骤获得的：将岩棉置于碎浆机中，加入水进行碎浆，得到岩棉浆液，将岩棉浆液加热至60-80℃，加入甲基戊醇和丙烯酸，反应30-40min后，加入甲基硅油、纳米二氧化 硅和丙二醇丁醚，充分搅拌混合后即可得到耐高温涂料。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，其特征是，所述孕育剂为硅钡孕育剂。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种球形端盖铸件的加工工艺，其特征是，所述孕育剂的加入量为铁液重量的0.12-0.16％。
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