WO2019055026A1 - Formation et projection d'une image à large gamme de couleurs - Google Patents

Formation et projection d'une image à large gamme de couleurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019055026A1
WO2019055026A1 PCT/US2017/051836 US2017051836W WO2019055026A1 WO 2019055026 A1 WO2019055026 A1 WO 2019055026A1 US 2017051836 W US2017051836 W US 2017051836W WO 2019055026 A1 WO2019055026 A1 WO 2019055026A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
wide
gamut
color
image
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Application number
PCT/US2017/051836
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Gerlach
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Gerlach Consulting Group, Inc.
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Application filed by Gerlach Consulting Group, Inc. filed Critical Gerlach Consulting Group, Inc.
Publication of WO2019055026A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019055026A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/007—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements the movable or deformable optical element controlling the colour, i.e. a spectral characteristic, of the light
    • G02B26/008—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements the movable or deformable optical element controlling the colour, i.e. a spectral characteristic, of the light in the form of devices for effecting sequential colour changes, e.g. colour wheels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/007—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements the movable or deformable optical element controlling the colour, i.e. a spectral characteristic, of the light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
    • H04N23/12—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths with one sensor only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/201—Filters in the form of arrays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the formation, processing, and projection or display of wide-gamut-color images.
  • Conventional images, including wide-gamut-color images are formed using three or more primary colors that are combined in various proportions to form a gamut of colors that include a fraction of the full gamut of all possible colors in nature, fewer than all colors in the full gamut.
  • a primary color is one of a set of colors whose perceived central wavelength is used to define an apex of a polygon or surface that defines the gamut of colors represented by the set of primary colors.
  • the system may be referred to as primary-less.
  • One primary-less system would be a system which can represent color using all the colors defining the boundary of the full gamut of all possible colors in nature, and thus represent all the colors within that full gamut of all possible colors in nature.
  • a single wavelength (or, inversely, frequency) of light might be meant, but in practical filters and systems one color may be a narrow band centered around a central wavelength, a broadband light having a principle observable color at the central wavelength either due to the energy being highest at or near the central wavelength, or due to averaging of the broadband light at the sensor (e.g. an observer's eye).
  • a portion of a filtered broadband light source perceived or detected as “blue,” for example, may be at a discrete wavelength defined as “blue,” may cover a range of wavelengths having a distribution perceived or detected as “blue” due to averaging at the sensor, or may include a number of discrete spectral elements that when combined at the sensor are perceived or detected as “blue.”
  • the visible spectrum includes wavelengths of about 380 nanometers (nm) through 800 nm. Broadband “red,” “green,” and “blue” filters roughly matching the sensitivity of human sight might cover bands of 615-675 nm, 510-560 nm, and 440-480 nm, respectively, for example.
  • Narrowband filters for "red,” “green,” and “blue” might cover a few nm to a few tens of nm around the central values of 635 nm, 540 nm, and 460 nm.
  • Popular color filter arrays for use in consumer and professional three-color systems include the Bayer array, the Fujifilm EXR array, the Fujifilm X-trans array, and various RGBW arrays. The Bayer array layout is illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • each primary color ( ⁇ a few nm to a few tens of nm) from each part of a scene is collected and sensed by regions much smaller in area than the area of each picture element, since each picture element is divided into a number of regions at least equal to the number of primary colors required to represent the gamut.
  • collecting and directing light from a scene onto film whose three or more layers are sensitive to, or filtered to receive three or more primary colors photographically produce conventional film-based three- primary and higher order images.
  • each picture element may be divided either temporally or spatially into three or more parts, each part passing through a primary-color filter, which parts are then recombined into a single picture element.
  • each pixel is divided into three or more sub-pixels, each of which is a different primary color.
  • the primary colors defining each pixel are separated either temporally, e.g., by a rotating color wheel spinning in front of the light source or different colors of LEDs blinking on and off in sequence, or spatially, e.g., by a beam-splitting filter system that separates the light source into three or more beams of different primary colors which then each shine onto a dedicated pixel array such as in a Digital Light Processing (DLP) projector before recombining again using a beam-combining system, or three or more separate light sources, each producing a different primary color, each shining onto a different pixel array before combining into a single image projection.
  • DLP Digital Light Processing
  • the image bandwidth of the system is increased by a factor equal to the number of primary colors corresponding to each pixel. While each imaging device needs a resolution no greater than the resolution of the final image, the combined resolution is greater by a factor equal to the number of primaries by which the final image is represented.
  • Such dividing and recombining may be achieved using rotating, segmented color wheels or beam splitters for high-, medium-, and low-pass filters— red, green, and blue— and beam-recombining reflectors.
  • a high-bandwidth source of light can be projected through a film whose layers represent the combinations of three or more primary colors throughout a two- dimensional array representing the image.
  • Embodiments of the present invention record three-primary and higher- order wide-gamut-color images using a broadband sensor of sufficient resolution and bandwidth before which has been interposed a variable filter which permits each primary color frequency (in a multi-primary-color system) or every color frequency defining points along a boundary of a wide-gamut-color surface (in a primary-less system, as explained in the Background, above) to substantially individually reach the broadband sensor.
  • Apparatus for capturing a wide-color-gamut image includes: a broadband electronic image sensor; optics gathering light from a scene and focusing an image formed by the gathered light along a light path onto the electronic image sensor; a filter interposed in the light path, constructed and arranged so as to allow individual wavelengths of the wide-gamut-color to pass through it in narrow bands of wavelengths having bandwidths narrower than a few tens of nanometers at each point in time; and a processor connected to the image sensor to capture a sequence of images synchronous with each narrow-band wavelength passed by the filter at each point in time, the processor combining the sequence of images into the wide-gamut-color image.
  • the filter is constructed and arranged so as to allow three or more individual narrow bands of wavelengths of the wide- gamut-color to pass through it individually at separate points in time.
  • the filter may further be constructed and arranged so as to allow each individual narrow band of wavelength of the wide-gamut-color continuous surface to pass through it individually at separate points in time.
  • the processor further combines plural sequences of images into a continuous video having individual frames, each of which is a wide-gamut-color image.
  • the filter may further include: beam splitting optics interposed in the light path, dividing the light path into a plurality of sub-paths; and a plurality of filters, each of the plurality of filters interposed in one of the sub-paths passing different, narrow-band wavelengths in an alternating sequence.
  • the plurality of filters may further comprise a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter.
  • the plurality of filters may yet further comprise: a mounting structure constructed and arranged to move at least one of the plurality of filters relative to another of the plurality of filters to set at least one of a bandwidth and a center frequency of the filter unit.
  • the filter further comprises: a filter wheel having three or more regions, each having a narrow pass band centered on a wavelength defining an apex of a wide-gamut-color surface.
  • the filter wheel may further comprise: a narrow pass band region at each radial position along the wheel that varies substantially continuously from a first wavelength to a second wavelength as the filter wheel rotates.
  • Apparatus for projecting a wide-gamut-color image includes: a wide- spectrum image source; optics projecting light from the image source to a display surface along a light path; a filter unit interposed in the light path, constructed and arranged so as to allow individual wavelengths of the wide-gamut-color to pass through it in narrow bands of wavelengths having bandwidths narrower than a few tens of nanometers at each point in time; and a processor connected to the image source to present a sequence of images synchronous with each narrow-band wavelength passed by the filter at each point in time, thus projecting the wide-gamut-color image.
  • the processor further presents plural sequences of images as a continuous video having individual frames each of which is a wide-gamut-color image.
  • the filter unit further includes: beam splitting optics interposed in the light path, dividing the light path into a plurality of sub-paths; and a plurality of filters, each of the plurality of filters interposed in one of the sub-paths passing different, non-overlapping narrow-band wavelengths in an alternating sequence.
  • the plurality of filters comprise a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter positioned relative to each other in order to set the bandwidth of the filter unit.
  • one of the plurality of filters is a narrow-band filter interposed in one of the plurality of sub-paths; and another of the plurality of filters is a broad-band filter interposed in another of the plurality of sub-paths.
  • the filter further includes: a filter wheel having a narrow pass band that varies substantially continuously from a first wavelength to a second wavelength as the filter wheel rotates.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of a conventional Bayer color filter array.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an exemplary image capture device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of an exemplary image projection or display device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of an exemplary filter wheel usable as a time-variable filter.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of another exemplary time-variable filter.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of yet another exemplary time-variable filter.
  • Fig. 7 is an illustration of the configuration and functional spectrum of a further exemplary time-variable filter.
  • FIGs. 8A, 8B, and 8C are an illustration of the configuration and functional spectrum of yet a further exemplary time-variable filter.
  • FIGs. 9A and 9B are an illustration of the configuration and functional spectrum of yet another further exemplary time-variable filter.
  • Figs. loA, IOB, and loC are an illustration of the configuration and functional spectrum of even yet another further exemplary time-variable filter.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic representation of a control system for the systems of
  • a broadband optical system 201 gathers light from a scene 200 of which an image 204 is to be captured.
  • the broadband optical system 201 may be any suitable system of light gathering, focusing, and transmission elements, including lenses, prisms, mirrors, and the like.
  • a time-variable filter 202 selectively transmits substantially individual primary color frequencies.
  • a so-called single-frequency, or single-color, filter may not transmit only one single color frequency, but may transmit a narrowband range of color frequencies approximating a single color frequency. Such a filter is to be considered a substantially single-frequency filter.
  • the time-variable filter 202 cyclically varies over time in a predictable, known, or pre-set pattern.
  • time-variable filters include a spinning color wheel having a continuously varying pass-band disposed along an arc of the wheel, an electronically-tunable thin-film filter such as a liquid crystal variable index filter, and a linear variable filter (LVF) such as those offered by Delta Optical Thin Film on the date of this writing.
  • an electronically-tunable thin-film filter such as a liquid crystal variable index filter
  • a linear variable filter such as those offered by Delta Optical Thin Film on the date of this writing.
  • a center frequency of the pass band of the time-variable filter 202 should be controlled or indexed so that the color passed by the time-variable filter 202 at each point in time is known and other processes as will be described below can be synchronized with the time-varying frequency passed by the time-variable filter 202.
  • a broadband image sensor 203 collects intensity information at a focal plane for the individual primary color frequencies of the gathered and filtered light.
  • the collection of image data by the broadband image sensor 203 is coordinated in time with the center frequency of the time-variable filter over time.
  • Any of the time-variable filters 202 described above can be constructed and arranged to step through a set of three or more primary colors, or may vary continuously with time over a set of colors defined by a range of frequencies, the set of three or more colors defining the boundaries of a wide-gamut-color surface or other alternate-gamut-color surface (i.e., other than that defined by red, green, and blue primary colors), wherein such expanded or altered image spectral data improves low-light noise or image resolution performance.
  • a discrete image array 204a, 204b, 204c, 204d, containing color information for each of three or more primary colors can be collected.
  • Such a collection of image arrays 204, representing information about three or more primary colors in the light collected from a scene can represent a wider gamut of color compared to conventional image arrays, if the three or more primary colors define such a wide-gamut-color surface or alternate-gamut- surface.
  • each light-gathering region can be larger than in a conventional sensor, improving low-light noise performance, or the number of discrete light-gathering regions of each color can be greater, improving resolution performance.
  • a processing system 205 controls and coordinates the operation of the broadband optical system 201, the time-variable filter 202, and the sampling times and operation of the sensor 203 to produce and store image arrays 204.
  • the processor 205 records image arrays 204 at each time when the time-variable filter 202 has been controlled to pass, or has been detected to be passing light at one of the three or more primary color frequencies defining the wide-gamut-color desired.
  • the processor 205 will need to process out aberrations such as produced by a rotating filter, in which multiple colors may be hitting the array at one time if individual color segments on the filter are smaller than the size of the entire sensor.
  • the processor 205 stores the image arrays 204 in memory 206.
  • the processor 205 may, in addition to processing out the aberrations discussed above, also perform other conventional image processing tasks, such as adjusting the broadband optical system 201 for focus or performing adjustments on the image arrays 204 such as compensating for color or focus aberrations in the broadband optical system 204 or making user-directed exposure and color adjustments.
  • Collections of image arrays 204 are stored in a memory 306. Each image array
  • a processor 305 converts the collection of image arrays 204 into signals representing luminance of each primary color at each pixel in the image to be produced.
  • An image production system based on one or more broad spectrum light sources 307 responds to the signals to vary the luminosity of each pixel in a time sequence coordinated with a time-variable filter 302 that selectively transmits three or more substantially single-frequency primary color frequencies.
  • the time- variable filter 302 is controlled to pass one of the three or more colors by which the scene to be displayed is represented.
  • the broadband light from the source 307 is passed in series, in either order, through the filter 302 and also through a neutral density array 303 that is controlled to define the luminosity of the color selected by the filter at each point in the scene.
  • These functions may be combined into the time-variable filter device.
  • individual broadband light source elements are illuminated in the array luminosity pattern for each primary color in sequence.
  • a time-variable filter over the light source array is sequenced to cause each primary color to be projected or displayed in coordination with the luminosity patterns in which the broadband light source elements are illuminated.
  • Yet another embodiment may include individual, picture-element level, narrowband light sources each illuminated in sequence, such as done in conventional LED- based pico-projectors, or in arrays which are then combined into a single image by beam- combining optics.
  • the individual, narrowband light sources of such an embodiment would include three or more primary colors defining the boundaries of a wide-gamut-color surface or other alternate-gamut-color surface (i.e., other than that defined by red, green, and blue primary colors), as mentioned above.
  • a band-pass filter wheel 401 may be comprised of plural segments f having pass band center frequencies fi, f2, f3, of different primary colors disposed about an arc of the wheel, or of a continuously varied pass band disposed about an arc of the wheel. In both of these cases, at each point along the arc of the wheel, the optical color pass-band of the wheel is known.
  • the wheel may be small or large, and may be driven by any suitable conventional motor or micro-motor to suit the size of the wheel and the sensor to which light passing through the wheel is directed.
  • An electronically variable solid-state filter available on the filing date of this application from Knight Optical of Kent, England includes two variable- index filter elements 501 and 502.
  • electronic motive elements such as motors or piezoelectric elements (not shown) move the filter elements 501 and 502 horizontally A (rotationally in the case of a filter wheel) relative to each other.
  • electronic motive elements such as motors or piezoelectric elements (not shown) move the filter elements 501 and 502 horizontally B (rotationally in the case of a filter wheel) in unison with each other.
  • a third exemplary time-variable filter (Fig. 2, 202; Fig. 3,
  • FIG. 302 For example as described above, Plural optical paths 601 in each of which is interposed any suitable single-frequency, or a variable frequency filter 602 for example as described above, sequentially receive light from the broadband optics (Fig. 2, 201) or broadband light source (Fig. 3, 307). Light may be steered down each of the optical paths 601 by any suitable optical steering mechanism 603, such as micro-mirrors, prisms, variable-index materials, and diffraction materials.
  • any suitable optical steering mechanism 603 such as micro-mirrors, prisms, variable-index materials, and diffraction materials.
  • Figs. 7-10C additional embodiments of filter systems for forming or projecting wide-gamut images are described in connection with Figs. 7-10C.
  • the filter systems of these embodiments include two filter elements— one a high-pass filter, and one a low-pass filter— each having a cut-off frequency that varies from one location on the filter to another.
  • Fig. 7 shows a linear type of filter on the left, and a circular type on the right. Either type can be arranged for the cut-off frequency to vary linearly, non-linearly, stepwise, or in any other suitable, continuous function from one location on the filter to another.
  • the cut-off frequency can vary from one end of the filter element to the opposite end.
  • points A, B, C, D, and E denote points along the continuum of the filter where the cut-off frequency varies from about 400 nm at point A, to about 700 nm at point E.
  • points V, W, X, Y, and Z denote points along the continuum of the filter where the cut-off frequency varies from about 700 nm at point V to about 400 nm at point Z.
  • the circular filters shown on the right are similarly arranged from a point on one side of a reference line to a point on an opposite side of the reference line.
  • Both the linear and circular filters are arranged with cut-off frequencies overlying (A-B-C-D-E vs Z-Y-X-W-V, as shown in Figs. 7, 8A, 8B, 8C, 9A, 9B, 10A, 10B, and 10C).
  • FIGs. 8A, 8B, and 8C a single, variable-bandwidth filter is shown, as follows.
  • Fig. 8A illustrates the effect of aligning regions B and W of the high-pass and low- pass filters to form a region of medium bandwidth.
  • a region of wide bandwidth is formed by aligning regions A and V of the high-pass and low-pass filters, as illustrated in Fig. 8B.
  • aligning regions C and X forms a region of narrow bandwidth, as illustrated in Fig. 8C.
  • a single filter unit of a linear type provides plural pass bands having medium or narrow bandwidths, as follows.
  • Figs. 9A and 9B show that similar configurations to those shown in Figs. 8A, 8B, and 8C can be used to produce multiple medium and narrow pass bands, such as may be required for wide-gamut-color systems.
  • the pairs of regions A and X, B and W, and C and V align to pass medium bandwidth bands of color across the visible spectrum.
  • the pairs of regions A and Z, C and X, and E and V align to pass medium bandwidth bands of color across the visible spectrum.
  • Other positions can produce other bandwidth filters
  • the filter elements may be moved relative to the beam path, either separately or as a unit, to vary the bandwidth and to vary the center frequency of the pass band respectively.
  • the beam can be steered, for example by a Digital Light Processing 0 (DLP°) mirror array (a Texas Instruments Incorporated product) that can steer a beam through an angle of about ⁇ 12°, another suitable array of steerable micro-mirrors, or any other suitable system.
  • the individual mirrors could be imprinted or coated with diffraction gratings or holograms having similar properties, to further separate or direct light of selected pass bands onto individual paths as required to produce a desired image pattern.
  • a single filter unit of a circular type provides plural pass bands having narrow, medium, or wide bandwidths similar to the linear type filter unit of Figs. 9A and 9B.
  • One advantage of circular filter configurations is that the assembly can be easily rotated at high or low speed to cause a stationary light path to be filtered by a continuously variable filter over time.
  • the two circular filters— one high-pass (HP) and one low-pass (LP), similar to those shown to the right in Fig. 7— are overlaid in either fixed or variable relationship, to produce either a narrow-band, continuously variable filter as in Fig. 10A, or a medium-band, continuously variable filter as in Fig.
  • Fig. 10A the regions 1 of the HP and LP filters align to produce a narrow, high, band pass region
  • the regions 2 of the HP and LP filters align to produce a narrow, middle, band pass region
  • the regions 3 of the HP and LP filters align to produce a narrow, low, band pass region.
  • Regions 4 align to pass most of the wide-band light from the source.
  • the regions 1 of the HP and LP filters align to produce a medium -width, high, band pass region
  • the regions 2 of the HP and LP filters align to produce a medium-width, middle, band pass region
  • the regions 3 of the HP and LP filters align to produce a medium -width, low, band pass region.
  • the regions 1 of the HP and LP filters align to produce a wide, high, band pass region
  • the regions 2 of the HP and LP filters align to produce a wide, middle, band pass region
  • the regions 3 of the HP and LP filters align to produce a wide, low, band pass region.
  • Regions 4 align to pass substantially none of the wide-band light from the source.
  • Each of the filters of this circular type may optionally include a blackout region (not shown), or may when overlapped include a naturally occurring zone as described above (Region 4) to either or both sides of the line where the filter cut-off frequencies abruptly transition from the highest to lowest, or lowest to highest, frequency.
  • Image and video recording and projecting systems commonly operate at frame rates of 24, 30, 60, and 120 fps.
  • the filter center frequency must be varied fast enough to scan the entire frequency range, over the entire frame, within each frame time.
  • Small circular filters can be rotated at great enough speeds.
  • a system that locks the relative positions of the two filters would reduce alignment variation, while permitting the combined filter to be rotated at a suitable speed.
  • Broadband lamp technology presents issues of lamp longevity and efficiency that further affect filter design and use.
  • Current, high-output lamps are quartz envelope bulbs containing a gas, excited by radio frequency (RF) energy.
  • An available alternative is laser sources.
  • An array of laser sources or tunable structures could provide a wide- bandwidth source.
  • a multiple-primary array of colored lasers, scrambled together and directed onto a DLP mirror array could produce a filterable, wide-bandwidth source.
  • One advantage of a multi-primary, wide-bandwidth source such as described and used in connection with the variable bandwidth and variable center frequency filter described is that more of the source light is captured and used.
  • a DLP array with mirrors having dichroic coatings that vary light color as the mirrors are tilted could be used to implement the variable filter system.
  • Two DLP arrays could implement the beam steering and high- pass/low-pass combination of filters as described above with lower source light loss due to fewer optical elements in the beam path.
  • the processing system includes several elements connected by an interconnect mechanism 1101, some of which are optional.
  • processor 1102 Central to the processing system is a processor 1102, which may be any suitable CPU, GPU, DSP, microprocessor, combination of these, or similar.
  • the processor 1102 is supported by memory 1103, which typically holds data and instructions with which the processor 1102 is currently working.
  • the memory 1103 may hold image arrays 204 or portions thereof while processor 1102 is performing operations thereon, for example.
  • Users of an image capture system may optionally use an input device 1104 to configure and control the system, and an output device 1105 to monitor the configuration and operation of the system.
  • the system may include a long-term storage system 1106 for holding image arrays 204, program instructions (not shown) or other data used by the system.
  • a long-term storage medium 1107 which is a substantially non-transient storage element, such as solid-state storage media, various types of R/W disks, and other suitable non-transient media is connected to the system through a storage system interface 1108.

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Abstract

Un appareil de capture d'une image à large gamme de couleurs comprend : un capteur d'images électronique à large bande ; des composants optiques collectant la lumière provenant d'une scène et mettant au point une image formée par la lumière collectée le long d'un trajet de lumière sur le capteur d'images électronique ; un filtre intercalé dans le trajet de lumière, construit et agencé de façon à permettre à des longueurs d'ondes individuelles de la large gamme de couleurs de le traverser dans des bandes de longueurs d'ondes étroites ayant des largeurs de bandes inférieures à quelques dizaines de nanomètres à chaque instant ; et un processeur connecté au capteur d'images de façon à capturer une séquence d'images en synchronisation avec chaque longueur d'onde à bande étroite ayant traversée le filtre à chaque instant, le processeur combinant la séquence d'images dans l'image à large gamme de couleurs. Un appareil de projection d'une image à large gamme de couleurs comprend : une source d'images à large spectre ; des composants optiques projetant la lumière provenant de la source d'images sur une surface d'affichage le long d'un trajet de lumière ; une unité de filtre intercalée dans le trajet de lumière, construite et agencée de façon à permettre à chaque longueur d'onde individuelle de la large gamme de couleurs de la traverser à raison d'une seule longueur d'onde à bande étroite à chaque instant ; et un processeur connecté à la source d'images de façon à présenter une séquence d'images en synchronisation avec chaque longueur d'onde à bande étroite ayant traversée le filtre à chaque instant, ce qui projette l'image à large gamme de couleurs.
PCT/US2017/051836 2017-09-15 2017-09-15 Formation et projection d'une image à large gamme de couleurs WO2019055026A1 (fr)

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