WO2019052640A1 - Operating a permanently excited synchronous machine - Google Patents
Operating a permanently excited synchronous machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019052640A1 WO2019052640A1 PCT/EP2017/073005 EP2017073005W WO2019052640A1 WO 2019052640 A1 WO2019052640 A1 WO 2019052640A1 EP 2017073005 W EP2017073005 W EP 2017073005W WO 2019052640 A1 WO2019052640 A1 WO 2019052640A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- current
- synchronous machine
- stator winding
- terminal voltages
- angle
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/46—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual synchronous motor
- H02P1/52—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual synchronous motor by progressive increase of frequency of supply to motor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using ac to ac converters without intermediate conversion to dc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
- H02P6/182—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements using back-emf in windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a permanent-magnet synchronous machine which has a stator with a stator winding, a rotor and a thyristor for setting phase currents of the stator winding.
- Three-phase machines are classified according to IEC 60034 according to their efficiency in different energy efficiency classes. Especially in the lower power range up to about 20 kW, specifications for efficiencies of high-efficiency motors (IE 4) are difficult to meet. Therefore, the use of permanent magnets in the rotor is increasingly sought, in particular the use of permanent magnet synchronous machines. Although this type of machine allows high energy efficiency levels, but the launch and operation of the Maschi ⁇ nen of this type in the fixed grid is not readily possible.
- a damper cage can be provided in the rotor of the machine. Although a damper cage allows a safe run-up on the rigid network, but loads the feeding network very high by very high start-up currents.
- DE 10 2011 085 859 AI discloses a method for operating ei ⁇ ner synchronous machine by means of a three semiconductor actuator comprehensive three-phase three-phase controller, which is connected to a three-phase network.
- a torque curve for the synchronous machine for a definable period of time when connecting at least two of the semiconductor plates, taking into account a phase difference between a Polrad- voltage of the synchronous machine and a mains voltage of the
- PCT / EP2016 / 074880 discloses a method for aligning ei ⁇ ner three-phase machine in which an optimum ignition angle is determined in a first step, in a second step, a first alignment using the determined optimum ignition angle is carried out, and in a third step, a plausibility check of Orientation of the rotor is performed by the rotor is applied to the previously determined firing angle in another direction.
- To align the rotor according to this method usually takes several seconds. After aligning the runner, the machine can be started.
- Reg ⁇ processing of the rotor the rotor is rotated in a defined initial position to determine a first ignition to start the engine.
- a method known from the patent application with the application number PCT / EP2016 / 077201 can be used.
- the rotor is rotated from the known initial position with a maximum torque by means of ignition of thyristors, a voltage induced by the rotation of the rotor is measured, and an optimum ignition angle of the synchronous machine is determined. This procedure allows one
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for operating a permanent-magnet synchronous machine, which is improved in particular with respect to the time required to start the synchronous machine and without a rotary encoder ⁇ system for detecting the Polradwinkels manages.
- the object is achieved by the features of claim 1. An ⁇ .
- a permanent-magnet synchronous machine comprising a stator having a stator winding, a rotor and a thyristor for setting of phase currents of the stator
- at least two terminal voltages of the synchronous machine are recorded continuously.
- the stator winding is energized with at least one current pulse.
- each current pulse is checked whether a from the Klemmenspannun ⁇ gen formed voltage characteristic value, for example a maximum of the sums of the detected terminal voltages or a magnitude of a voltage space vector is formed from the terminal voltages, a predetermined voltage threshold over-writing ⁇ tet, in which determined the angular displacement using the terminal voltages is.
- the stator winding of a synchronous machine is understood here to mean a three-phase stator winding, that is to say the entirety of the stator phase windings.
- the invention thus provides to detect terminal voltages of a permanent-magnet synchronous machine and to determine the Polradwinkel of the rotor of the synchronous machine using the detected terminal voltages.
- the Syn ⁇ chronmaschine the rotor angle is repeatedly determined and using the current load angle a each optimum ignition angle is calculated, with which a Thyris ⁇ torsteller to sites of phase currents of the stator winding of the synchronous machine is driven. This allows advantageous way ⁇ omitted wheel angle and then computing the optimal ignition angle an expensive rotary encoder system for detecting the pole.
- the invention provides, for starting the synchronous machine, to energize the stator winding with current pulses until a voltage characteristic formed from the terminal voltages exceeds a predetermined voltage threshold , which is sufficient to determine the pole wheel angle.
- a voltage characteristic formed from the terminal voltages exceeds a predetermined voltage threshold , which is sufficient to determine the pole wheel angle.
- at least one terminal voltage usually after just a few current ⁇ pulses is large enough according to experience, to determine the load angle.
- a time-consuming alignment of the rotor can thereby be omitted, so that the synchronous machine can be started much faster than in a two-stage process, in which the rotor is first aligned by a defined Pol ⁇ wheel angle is adjusted.
- the tone wheel ⁇ angle can be determined to 100 ms from the terminal voltages in the inventive method after 10 ms, whereas the complete alignment of the rotor usually requires several seconds, so to start the synchronous machine several seconds can be saved.
- Embodiments of the invention provide that at least two phase currents are detected, and that the respectively current rotor angle is determined using the detected phase currents, and / or the respective current ignition angle is calculated using the detected phase currents.
- These embodiments of the invention make it possible to take into account not only the terminal voltages but also the phase currents in the determination of the rotor angle and / or the optimum ignition angle. This allows the determination of the load angle verbes ⁇ sert and / or the ignition angle can be calculated as a function of the phase currents and thus further optimized.
- the voltage threshold value is a minimum voltage characteristic value at which the pole wheel angle can be determined using the terminal voltages. As a result, the above-mentioned time gain when starting the synchronous machine is maximized.
- a further embodiment of the invention provides that a torque window and a phase current window are specified and the respective current optimum ignition angle is a Zündwin ⁇ angle, in which acting on the rotor torque within ⁇ within the torque window and each phase current of the stator winding within the phase current window lies.
- This embodiment of the invention advantageously prevents too high a torque or too high a phase current from overloading the synchronous machine or a power network connected thereto and consumers connected thereto too much.
- a further embodiment of the invention provides that a current space vector of a current pulse is changed with respect to the current space vector of the preceding current pulse if the voltage value does not exceed the voltage threshold value.
- the current space vector of each current pulse can be changed relative to the current space vector of the current pulse preceding it, as long as the voltage value does not exceed the voltage threshold.
- the current space pointer is rotated, for example in a rotational direction of a rotating field of the synchronous machine. Further, when the current space vector changes, it becomes sequential
- a further embodiment of the invention provides that a maximum number of pulses of current pulses is predetermined and the current supply to the stator winding is interrupted by current pulses when the number of current pulses reaches the maximum number of pulses without the voltage characteristic value exceeding the voltage threshold value.
- a further embodiment of the invention provides that a maximum number of changes is predetermined and the stator winding is interrupted with current pulses when the number of changes in the current space vectors of successive current pulses reaches the maximum number of changes without the voltage characteristic value exceeding the voltage threshold value.
- These embodiments of the invention take into account an error case in which the synchronous machine, for example due to a defect or malfunction, can not be started. In such a case, the method is aborted when the number of current pulses reaches a predetermined maximum number of pulses and / or the number of changes in the current space pointers of successive current pulses reaches a predetermined maximum number of changes.
- a permanent magnet synchronous machine comprises a stator with a stator winding, a rotor, a thyristor for setting phase currents of the stator winding, a voltage measuring device for detecting at least two terminal voltages of the synchronous machine and a control unit for driving the Thyristorstellers according to the inventive method.
- the synchronous machine 1 comprises a Sta ⁇ tor 2 with a (not shown) three-phase stator winding, a rotor 3, a thyristor 4 for setting phase currents iu, i v , i of the stator winding and a STEU ⁇ eratti 5 for driving the thyristor unit 4.
- the thyristor unit 4 has a Thyristorencontract 6, 7, 8 of two antiparallel-connected thyristors Al, A2, Bl, B2, Cl, C2 for each phase U, V, W of the stator winding.
- the ignition electrodes of the thyristors AI, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 are connected to the control unit 5, from which the ignition signals required to ignite the thyristors AI, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 are provided.
- the thyristors AI, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 assigned to a phase U, V, W a phase current iu, iv, i of this phase U, V, W of the stator winding is generated.
- the thyristors AI, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 of a phase U, V, W turn themselves off when the phase current iu, i v , i of this phase U, V, W becomes zero or be the same Sign changes.
- the control unit 5 is adapted to at ⁇ control the thyristor controller 4 according to the closer described with reference to Figure 2 method.
- the control unit 5 is implemented as a programmable microcontroller that is programmed to execute the method.
- Figure 2 shows a flow chart of a method for Operator Op ben ⁇ a permanently excited synchronous machine 1. In the process continuously at least two terminal voltages of the synchronous machine 1 are detected. Furthermore, method steps S1 to S7 described below are executed.
- a first method step S1 the stator winding of the stator 2 is supplied with a current pulse.
- the thyristors are Al, A2, Bl, B2, Cl, C2 of two phases, ignites U, V W Ge, so that the phase currents iu, iv, iw of the phases be ⁇ contract excessively are the same size, but have opposite signs to each other ,
- the thyristors AI, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 of the third phase U, V, W are not ignited, so that the third phase current iu, i v , i is zero.
- step S2 it is checked whether a voltage characteristic formed from the terminal voltages, for example a maximum of the amounts of the detected terminal voltages or an amount of a voltage space vector formed from the terminal voltages, exceeds a predetermined voltage threshold at which a rotor angle ⁇ of the rotor 3 is lower than Use of the terminal voltages can be determined. If the check reveals that the voltage characteristic value does not exceed the voltage threshold, the Ver ⁇ will proceed to a third step S3 continues, otherwise the process proceeds to a fifth method is ⁇ step S5 continued.
- a voltage characteristic formed from the terminal voltages for example a maximum of the amounts of the detected terminal voltages or an amount of a voltage space vector formed from the terminal voltages.
- the value of a count ⁇ variable which counts the pulses generated current for energizing the stator winding is incremented by one. If the value of Count variables then reaches a predetermined maximum number of pulses, the process is aborted in a fourth procedural ⁇ step S4. Otherwise, after the third method step S3, the first method step S1 is executed again.
- the stator winding is energized with current pulses until the voltage characteristic value exceeds the predetermined voltage threshold value or the number of current pulses reaches the predetermined maximum number of pulses.
- the rotor 3 rotates fast enough to determine the rotor angle ⁇ from the detected terminal voltages, so that the method can be continued with the fifth method step S5.
- the termination of the process in the case that the number of Strompul ⁇ se reaches the predetermined maximum number of pulses is vorgese ⁇ hen, to respond to an error case where the synchronous machine 1 can not be started.
- the actual rotor angle ⁇ is determined using the detected current terminal voltages.
- the method is continued with the sixth method step S6.
- a respective current optimum ignition angle for the synchronous machine 1 is calculated using the current rotor angle ⁇ .
- the optimum ignition angle is an ignition angle, in which an acting on the rotor 3 torque is within a predetermined torque ⁇ window and each phase current iu, i v, i ei is within ⁇ nes predetermined phase current window.
- the Thyristorstel- 1 Series 4 being ⁇ controls according to the current optimum ignition angle.
- the Ver ⁇ will proceed to the fifth step S5 continued.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate, by way of example, the method steps S1 to S3 and S5.
- FIG. 3 shows a profile of the phase currents iu, i v , iw as a function of a time t with two successive current pulses with which the stator winding is energized.
- the thyristors AI, A2, B1, B2 of the phases U and V are ignited to generate the current pulses.
- Figure 4 shows corresponding Ver ⁇ runs of the load angle ⁇ and of a determined using the detected current depending ⁇ wells terminal voltages load angle cp c. In the case shown in FIGS.
- the rotor 3 does not rotate before the first current pulse, so that the pole wheel angle ⁇ remains constant until the first current pulse.
- the first current pulse of the rotor is set in Dre ⁇ hung 3 and rotates between the first current pulse and the second current pulse due to its inertia with Annae ⁇ hernd same angular velocity further, thereby Terminal voltages are induced.
- FIG. 4 also shows that the method described using determined clamping voltages detected rotor angle cp c very well with the actual Polradwinkel ⁇ coincides.
- the rotor angle ⁇ can already be determined after approximately 40 ms using the detected terminal voltages.
- a current space vector of the current pulse can be changed with respect to the current space vector of the preceding current pulse.
- the current space vector can be rotated relative to the current space vector of the preceding current pulse in a direction of rotation of a rotating field of the synchronous machine 1, for example by 60 degrees or a multiple of 60 degrees.
- the rotation of the current space vector may be provided at ⁇ play, when a predetermined pulse number of consecutive current pulses is carried out with current space vectors same space vector direction. It can also be provided that the current space vector of each current pulse is rotated relative to the current space vector of the current pulse preceding it.
- step S3 may be appropriately pre see ⁇ that the method is aborted in the fourth step S4, if the number of changes of the current space vector successive current pulses reaches a predetermined maximum variation number.
- phase currents iu, i v , iw are detected and in the fifth method step S5 the rotor angle ⁇ is determined using the detected phase currents iu, i v , i and / or in the six-phase mode.
- Step S6 the ignition angle is calculated using the detected phase currents iu, i v , i -w.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2017/073005 WO2019052640A1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Operating a permanently excited synchronous machine |
DE112017008030.4T DE112017008030A5 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Operating a permanently excited synchronous machine |
BR112020004974-3A BR112020004974A2 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | method for operating a permanently excited synchronous machine, and a permanently excited synchronous machine |
CN201780096601.9A CN111316561B (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Operation of a permanent magnet excited synchronous motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2017/073005 WO2019052640A1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Operating a permanently excited synchronous machine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2019052640A1 true WO2019052640A1 (en) | 2019-03-21 |
Family
ID=59858736
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2017/073005 WO2019052640A1 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2017-09-13 | Operating a permanently excited synchronous machine |
Country Status (4)
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CN (1) | CN111316561B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112020004974A2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE112017008030A5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019052640A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
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US11799411B2 (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2023-10-24 | Kinetic Technologies International Holdings Lp | Multi-phase permanent magnet rotor motor with independent phase coil windings |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19820929A1 (en) * | 1998-05-09 | 1999-11-11 | Ako Werke Gmbh & Co | Device for controlling a single-phase synchronous motor |
DE102008057701A1 (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-05-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method of operating synchronous motors and associated equipment |
DE102011085859A1 (en) | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and arrangement for operating synchronous motors |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7791307B2 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2010-09-07 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | AC motor controller |
CA2911858A1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-09 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Electrical machine and method of controlling the same |
KR101945888B1 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2019-02-11 | 아스콜 홀딩 에스.알.엘. | Method for starting a permanent magnet single-phase synchronous electric motor and electronic device for implementing said method |
EP2634898A1 (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-09-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating an electric machine |
CN102684595B (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2015-05-13 | 万高(杭州)科技有限公司 | Self-anti-interference starting method for permanent magnetic synchronous motor |
DE102015208353A1 (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2017-02-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for switching on a multi-phase electric machine in a motor vehicle |
-
2017
- 2017-09-13 BR BR112020004974-3A patent/BR112020004974A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-09-13 CN CN201780096601.9A patent/CN111316561B/en active Active
- 2017-09-13 WO PCT/EP2017/073005 patent/WO2019052640A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-09-13 DE DE112017008030.4T patent/DE112017008030A5/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19820929A1 (en) * | 1998-05-09 | 1999-11-11 | Ako Werke Gmbh & Co | Device for controlling a single-phase synchronous motor |
DE102008057701A1 (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2010-05-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method of operating synchronous motors and associated equipment |
DE102011085859A1 (en) | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and arrangement for operating synchronous motors |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
NANNEN HAUKE ET AL: "Sensorless start-up of soft starter driven line-start PMSM based on back EMF measurement", 2017 IEEE 26TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS (ISIE), IEEE, 19 June 2017 (2017-06-19), pages 354 - 361, XP033136538, DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2017.8001272 * |
ZATOCIL HEIKO ET AL: "Sensorless start-up of soft starter driven IE4 motors", 2017 19TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS (EPE'17 ECCE EUROPE), JOINTLY OWNED IEEE-PELS AND EPE ASSOCIATION, 11 September 2017 (2017-09-11), XP033250354, DOI: 10.23919/EPE17ECCEEUROPE.2017.8098972 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN111316561B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
BR112020004974A2 (en) | 2020-09-15 |
DE112017008030A5 (en) | 2020-07-02 |
CN111316561A (en) | 2020-06-19 |
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