WO2019052591A1 - Appareil conçu pour désactiver des organismes - Google Patents

Appareil conçu pour désactiver des organismes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019052591A1
WO2019052591A1 PCT/DE2018/000254 DE2018000254W WO2019052591A1 WO 2019052591 A1 WO2019052591 A1 WO 2019052591A1 DE 2018000254 W DE2018000254 W DE 2018000254W WO 2019052591 A1 WO2019052591 A1 WO 2019052591A1
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Prior art keywords
power
applicators
applicator
high voltage
modules
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2018/000254
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dirk Vandenhirtz
Matthias Eberius
Sergio DE ANDRADE COUTINHO FILHO
Original Assignee
Zasso Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Zasso Gmbh filed Critical Zasso Gmbh
Priority to DE112018005060.2T priority Critical patent/DE112018005060A5/de
Publication of WO2019052591A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019052591A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
    • A01M21/04—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity
    • A01M21/046—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity by electricity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device with multiple phase applicators and a high voltage supply for the phase applicators. It relates in particular to a device with an integral, that is integrated high-resolution dynamic control or regulation. Moreover, the invention relates to a method of using such a device.
  • Such a device has the purpose of deliberately and dosed by electric current to kill or kill plants and other organisms or entire populations. This process is also called control. Depending on the device configuration and field of application, weakening or killing certain plant parts, the whole plant or other organisms at different stages of development may occur. In general, plants are all, in the common sense, non-animal organisms defined as plants, regardless of whether they are crops, spontaneous vegetation or specific weeds. The other organisms may be fungi and small animals such. As nematodes, snails or insects that should be controlled, reduced or eliminated in certain areas in their number and effect.
  • An essential aspect is the control or regulation of specifically designed modular high-voltage modules. It is a core element of a mobile device that moves in operation over areas with potentially high biological and electrophysical heterogeneity (resistance, plant / organism height, dynamically changing conductivity of soil and plant / organism parts during treatment, etc.).
  • the working parameters current, voltage, energy output
  • the device with its control should also quickly respond to changing demands for limited resources in device performance, device weight, data transfer performance, and process time to maintain the efficiency and functionality of the device.
  • the necessary for the weakening or killing of the organisms electrical energy can be in the form of high voltage (partially smoothed DC or high-frequency AC) are either generated on a moving system itself or otherwise provided to a moving system by an external partially mobile or stationary power source.
  • the organ- isms or areas with which they are well electrically connected are contacted with an electrically conductive applicator of the system.
  • the current is then possibly returned to ground passage and possible re-organisms contact by a second applicator to the high voltage source to close the circuit.
  • the applicator does not necessarily have to rest on the floor, but there may also be another organism between the floor and the applicator.
  • the surface to be treated changes its conductivity and thus its resistance in the treatment extremely quickly and unpredictably by the spatial heterogeneity of the electrical properties of the substrate and the organisms as well as by the dynamic change of properties and interactions between electricity and organisms during contact time ,
  • the change can be made in fractions of a second, with high levels of power (0, 1 - 10,000 kW), currents and voltages controlled to maximize treatment efficiency and protect the energy supply from damage to organisms.
  • high-voltage transformer systems can only have a high power-to-weight ratio (as little weight per power) as possible, despite the fact that they are always used for optimal biological effectiveness, despite the widely varying working resistances and energy release possibilities.
  • a technical solution provides that the heterogeneity of the organisms and soil resistances on the large area to be treated is so strongly determined by the technically necessary use of wide, ie large-area applicators, that the device parameters can be adjusted by slow control processes by hand.
  • this leads to the following problem: Since the current always seeks the path of least resistance, it comes to massive overdoses in highly conductive areas and lack of effect by the low remaining power at less conductive sections of the applicator. In order to achieve a sufficient overall surface effect, the energy output must generally be widely overdosed, which increases the costs associated with wasting energy and reduces the surface area. drastically reduced energy consumption. Ensuring a minimum dosage of energy output by means of control or regulation on narrow segmented working widths with more homogeneous properties is not possible.
  • sparking In order to minimize the number of unwanted sparks (flashover sparks, rupture sparks), which can not be eliminated by an optimized applicator geometry, the applicators must be spaced at intervals of often less than 1 s for periods be switched off from 50 to 500 ms.
  • Adjacent applicators of different transformers must therefore be arranged far apart from each other and, if possible, should not be bridged by plant / organism parts or other conductive elements. Otherwise, the current flows without effect on the organisms directly through the secondary-side winding of the neighboring applicator and can lead to destruction there, if the winding is not greatly oversized and thus designed unwanted heavy.
  • the earthing applicators of smaller power units can not be connected in an electrically conductive manner, in order to ensure safe current return at all times, even on complex undergrounds.
  • the invention is based on the object of solving at least some of the problems indicated.
  • a device having the features of patent claim 1 and a method for using such a device are proposed.
  • Advantageous developments are the subject matter of the subclaims.
  • a first aspect of the invention provides for modularization of high-voltage generation, control and regulation: the individual applicator segments, which are also referred to as applicators, and the individually connected, specifically designed high-voltage supplies, are preferably 1-25% in their individual power. such as 5 to 20% or 10 to 25% of the total power, or limited to powers between 0.1 and 20 kW, such as 3 to 10 kW or 1 to 3 kW, in order to minimize the resistance heterogeneity in the region of the individual applicator and be able to regulate individually.
  • Single applicator segments or small groups of applicator segments are operated with easily scalable and mass-producible high-voltage modules.
  • the individual high-voltage modules can cost-effective power supply and power line devices in a range below 600 V and preferably for example in the range of 1 10 - 600 V, such as modules with greater than or equal to 3 kW 400 V three-phase or smaller modules with less than or equal to 3 kW 230 V AC are supplied. par- dere when supplied by batteries can also be assumed lower primary voltages such as about 30 volts.
  • the working widths of the individual applicators depend on the object sizes and the degree of heterogeneity of the organisms to be controlled and are preferably in the range between 1 and 50 cm, for example 25 to 75 cm for potatoes and 10 to 20 cm for mixed weeds , This results in a very good dosing for the individual organisms or similar small groups to be treated and thus to minimize the losses due to overdose and to ensure the treatment of areas with higher resistance.
  • the performance is thus small-scale metered, overdoses are avoided and the uniformity of the required effect is greatly improved.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides for electrophysical separation of the modular high-voltage modules by rectification:
  • the modularization and individual control and regulation of a larger number of individual modules is particularly useful if the functionally closely adjacent applicators of different high-voltage modules are separated electrophysically and are designed specifically for this type of arrangement and use.
  • the underlying AC frequency is irrelevant to the effect on the individual plant or other organisms.
  • low frequencies can result in partial non-treatment at high speeds and reduce the possibilities of fast control.
  • the rectification and smoothing minimizes environmental and occupational safety hazards and greatly reduces electromagnetic radiation, greatly improving system control through low cost metrology options.
  • a third aspect of the invention provides the connection of Erdungsappl ikatoren:
  • the very narrow by the modularization applicators greatly increase the statistical probability that even with optimal applicator design, the circuit can not be closed sufficiently low resistance, because the grounding applicator because of its low Expansion does not have enough conductive soil or organism contact.
  • the module or applicator side additional diodes even the directly adjacent power applicators to a small number (2-4) electrically separated Distribute grounding applicators that do not interfere with system compactness.
  • a secure grounding potential is proposed: Prior to the merger of a plurality of high-voltage supply modules, it is advantageous if the individual grounding applicators on the module side have a very similar and near-earth potential. This can be inventively z. B. via a high-impedance secondary grounding of Transformers take place. This measure also makes it possible to provide applicator units with grounding encircling encircling encoders which make the systems very secure against effects outside the intended range of action (short-circuit protection on highly conductive materials).
  • All high-voltage modules should have a quasi-continuous voltage and current adjustment of the individual electrical circuits of the individual modules to the respective resistance between the applicators in the high frequency range. This is achieved by a high-frequency modulation of the rectangular signal in the intermediate circuit by a corresponding microcontroller-controlled system unit such.
  • the power output can be limited to the design level of the electrical circuit. Too high or too low load resistance between the applicators, the voltage is limited or lowered by the microcontroller or the current set to a technical value, in particular the maximum technical value automatically preferably by integrated sensors or internal data evaluation and without manual intervention.
  • each module is autonomously controlled with its own microcontroller and also works with minimized interaction. Accordingly, it exchanges only an absolute minimum of information with the overall system (transport vehicle, central sensor units, total power supply) and the neighboring modules. for example B. on a standard for such vehicles BUS system active. Where possible, an interaction takes place on a purely mechanical-physical level without active control or regulation.
  • This concept minimizes the complexity of the control and regulation of the individual parameters and allows the use of non-real-time standard control systems and the simple scaling of the entire system with any number of individual modules even at high speeds and substrate heterogeneities.
  • a total power adjustment Each individual module receives information about the total power that is still freely available and regulates itself accordingly along given characteristic curves individually to achieve an acceptable total power requirement.
  • a spark suppression The necessary short-term shutdowns for the control of sparking beyond the geometric components of the invention are triggered by an applicator or triggered by the central unit. The initialization of the shutdown of the neighboring applicators is then delayed in time so sparks jumps between applicators minimized and simultaneously extreme energy loss fluctuations are prevented in the entire system. [44] For meaningful overall load control and regulation, short-term changes in the total power requirement are compensated as centrally as possible by adjusting the generator power, changing the driving speed or short-term mechanical or electrical energy storage options.
  • An anticipatory and wide-ranging sensor technology increases the reaction time to changes, the inertia of flywheels and the physically short-term overload capacity of generators in combination with mechanical dampening or energy-storing elements (spring clutch) and ensures a stable, device-conserving power supply, which is supported by common electronic methods (PFC).
  • PFC common electronic methods
  • One embodiment is a modular device for substantially homogeneous, safe and energy-efficient deactivation of organisms (mainly, but not exclusively plants) in the environment, comprising at least one power source, at least one, but normally two or more modular, controlled high voltage power modules the provision of active energy and at least one common applicator unit.
  • This device preferably has the following features, and any combination of only individual features is essential to the invention.
  • the power source a fuel cell
  • the power source can be at least a solar panel, a landline connection or a generator whose power may be supplied by a battery or other temporary buffer such as a battery.
  • B. a capacitor is provided.
  • the modular high-voltage supply modules generate the electrical power as high-frequency (> 1 kHz) high voltage (> 1000 V) or DC voltage (> 1000 V, pulsed or highly rectified) as active energy, which can then possibly be rectified and variably adapted to the resistance conditions ,
  • the modular high-voltage supply modules could also supply direct current from the outset, for example when it comes to solar power.
  • the modular high-voltage supply modules are preferably constructed in particular by means of rectifiers or analog-acting units in such a way that they work independently of one another and without interference even in the case of close proximity of the active sites. Independently of neighboring modules, the individual high-voltage supply modules are automatically controlled as part of the basic parameterization along a curve adapted to the changing environmental parameters.
  • the applicator unit is preferably constructed with at least two counter-poled applicators that can touch plants or other organisms or the soil, compact with small distances between the sites of action of the individual applicators.
  • Applicators of the same polarity can also have a distance of as little as 5 mm even with different modules. For different poles, the distance is up to 5 cm at more than 1000 V rated voltage.
  • the applicator unit sees two applicator Connections, wherein at least one Pol may be temporarily bridged by soil, plants or other organisms or permanently by electrical bridges.
  • the individual modules are composed at least of high-voltage transformation unit, electronic control and regulation by means of a rectifier unit (rectifier and additional capacitor for smoothing and optionally diodes for preventing capacitor discharges when the modules are switched off) and can be used with closely spaced applicators so that even with large spatial proximity of the applicators of several modules, the units do not affect each other negatively.
  • a rectifier unit rectififier and additional capacitor for smoothing and optionally diodes for preventing capacitor discharges when the modules are switched off
  • the units do not affect each other negatively.
  • it is advantageous if, even with arbitrary and different voltage states (different power requirements, asynchronous power due to partially smoothed direct current) of the applicators, no fault currents occur in adjacent modules. Therefore, even when applicators touch each other, that is, when they intentionally bypass at least one pole or through conductive contact with plants, organisms or the ground, the modules should continue to be independently regulated.
  • Neighboring modules can work almost independently of each other, with low-leakage current and self-regulation based on the load resistance, by using rectifiers and diodes in front of the applicators. Voltage spikes caused by a square-wave voltage and considerable damage to the transformer can be eliminated. Modulation-induced high-voltage interference between applicators and modules can be minimized by smoothing, unless minimized by the applicator design.
  • the high-voltage transformation unit contains an H-bridge or a differently controllable module for the controlled modulation of direct current (in the intermediate circuit) per module, which is used by means of a microprocessor control comprising approximately a high-frequency To generate rectangular AC voltage for high voltage transformation in lightweight transformers, to limit the power of individual applicators by means of pulse width modulation and / or control the voltage applied to the transformer by controlling the time-effective area, even with changing resistances between the applicators via a wide resistance range to be able to deliver a constant high performance.
  • applicators By means of the use of partially smoothed DC voltage and the bridging of an applicator pole of several modules, applicators can be installed closer together in such a device for deactivating organisms.
  • the rectification can improve the electromagnetic compatibility by minimizing the relevant radiation and the danger to the vertebrate voltage can be minimized.
  • a smoothing capacitor can automatically absorb short-term irregular load peaks and thus also reduce air ionization and risk of flashover / sparking. The permanent measurability of the real voltage directly at the applicator is thereby greatly reduced.
  • This permanently located on the bottom applicator part is to maximize the height-selective applicator either via a correspondingly large, possibly variable, series resistor permanently switched or sensor-controlled or temporarily connected after internal, possibly alternating resistance testing of both applicator. This allows the use of small, very fast, robotic moving applicators with permanent contact of the modules even in confined space conditions for the ground contact of the coupled pole possible.
  • the remote pole can then enclose the second pole largely spatially to ensure a permanent backup of a system grounding for reasons of safety at work. This allows an immediate shutdown of the system shutdown by short circuit when driving on highly conductive extended ground areas with the second pole with high voltage potential away from the earth.
  • the high-voltage transformation unit can interrupt the power supply in the high-voltage circuit temporarily with a parameterized interval length or abruptly reduce the voltage and the current flow in order to interrupt the air ionization and sparking.
  • a parameterized interval length or abruptly reduce the voltage and the current flow in order to interrupt the air ionization and sparking.
  • These switch-off intervals can also be used to avoid break-off sparks and premature spark surges at defined applicator approaches or distances (eg rapid active robotic applicator movement, or drone launching and landing, respectively, which are connected to an applicator pole).
  • Controlling the interaction of the individual modules may provide that, for the purpose of overall performance control and the control or regulation of the damage-free interaction between the modules by means of a delay between the adjacent modules, a distributed decentralized transfer of the control information is performed by a central clock giving a short time. triggers sequential shutdown of spatially adjacent applicators in order to avoid spark surges and to make existing sparks break off faster.
  • An arbitrary modular clock module can cause a momentary interruption due to set parameters, sensor information or accumulating readings and pass this information to neighboring modules with the option of delayed initialization of equal or reduced shutdowns, thereby contributing to the avoidance of high electromagnetic effects and power loads, as well minimize the risk of rollover between adjacent applicators.
  • a generally occurring system connection or system shutdown of individual modules can be carried out sequentially starting from a module by means of delayed pulses in order to relieve the generators or to minimize EMC problems.
  • a clocked system power reduction can be done to avoid overloading the entire system by voltage or current reduction by means of primary-side pulse width modulation in the individual modules depending on the overall power distribution (smoothing function with peak reduction without elevation in valleys) of the individual modules, so that the biological effect maximum remains.
  • short-term storage units for energy can be available, which consist of fast-dischargeable power storage units or of mechanical energy Saving (compressed air, flywheels), the energy in the DC or AC range couple.
  • the unit can also include a flywheel, allow a controlled generator overload briefly or compensate for high-frequency load changes and resonances by means of spring coupling elements between the generator and motor.
  • a power source can be used as an energy source, which can consist of the following components:
  • a combustion engine and PTO driven generator or hydraulic system with a hydraulic motor and generator which internal combustion engine can be used as cogeneration, a fuel cell system with liquid or gaseous fuel, a solar cell system, a battery or accumulator system or a fixed electrical connection with a local or the entire power grid.
  • spatially or / and time-resolved sensors can be used, which make spatial objects visible with radar above and below ground, with X-ray spectroscopy allow surface characterization, with ultrasound visualize spatial structures and densities of objects in the range of 200 - 3500 nm with active and passive systems on lines or matrix basis allow the generation of two- and three-dimensional images of the environment and the lightning discharges, with active and passive fluorescence measurement systems and combined fluorescence and Laser elevation systems specifically visualize organisms and their distribution, record terahertz surface and refractive indices, measure environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, rain density, dew points and water film thickness, applicator parameters such as Measure tensile forces, deformation, contamination, use induction systems to locate metallic materials and water contents in soil and organisms, and use field strength measuring instruments to locate the potential difference between the soil surface and the treatment area without contact to detect the occurrence of discharge sparks with frequency-splitting field meters, optical sensors,
  • All measurement and process data can be stored spatially assigned and it can spatially or temporally associated data from databases are included in the evaluation of the process data, the data can be stored locally and transferred later, the data directly by radio or other Fem Schemeen transmitted to a central office and stored there and can be evaluated offline or online and current and historical data not only for their own process optimization, but also for non-application purposes such as the detection of soil, organisms and environmental parameters and also for billing purposes.
  • the functional units may be mounted on a mobile platform, which may autonomously move on the ground, have their own propulsion or be moved by a vehicle connected to it, the path being determined by direct control or remote control or the platform is moving through the air in whole or in part (eg, an applicator pole connected to a drone cable).
  • a mobile platform which may autonomously move on the ground, have their own propulsion or be moved by a vehicle connected to it, the path being determined by direct control or remote control or the platform is moving through the air in whole or in part (eg, an applicator pole connected to a drone cable).
  • the applicator shape can help minimize interaction by providing electrically insulating but preferably thermally well-conducting spacers relative to the floor, flexible spark-extinguishing elements protruding laterally and rearwardly, and also dynamically obtained distances to the neighbors (eg oblique shape with variable coverage).
  • FIG. 1 shows an overall view of the modular units
  • FIG. 2 shows a single module with its construction
  • FIG. 3 shows the flow of large fault currents
  • FIG. 4 shows the mode of action of the rectifier on the minimization of fault currents.
  • FIG. 5 shows the mode of action of additional optional diodes
  • FIG. 6 the minimization of the interaction of modules with phase applicators
  • FIG. 7 the connection of the earthing applicators
  • FIG. 8 shows the control of the voltage
  • FIG. 9 shows the control of the delayed signal propagation between modules
  • FIG. 10 shows the shift of power to particularly heavily occupied areas with organisms
  • FIG. 11 shows the implementation of particularly compact applicators
  • FIG. 12 shows how a pole is very narrowly implemented by cutting disks
  • FIG. 13 shows the function of a ring applicator
  • FIG. 14 shows the effects of different module interconnections
  • Figure 15 shows the treatment with applicators at different plant heights.
  • a device 1 with a plurality of applicators 2 is fastened to the front of a tractor 3.
  • the current generated by the generator 4 (rear of the tractor) is forwarded as normal alternating current to the individual compact applicator modules 5 to the front and converted there into high voltage supply 6 into high voltage and supplied to an applicator associated high-voltage supply module 7.
  • the vehicle travels over very differently occupied with organisms surfaces 8, 9, wherein in the direction of travel on the right a continuously very densely occupied surface 10.
  • applicators are also useful on the side and behind the tractor.
  • the high-frequency square-wave voltage is converted into high voltage and then, after a rectification and partial smoothing in a rectifier / capacitor module 18, applied to the phase applicator 19 and the grounding applicator 20 which touch the organisms 21 and possibly the bottom 22.
  • the schematically grounded grounding applicator 20 is interconnected in all high voltage power supply modules 7 and has approximately ground potential.
  • the transformer 17 is grounded high impedance on the secondary side.
  • FIG. 3 shows the flow of large fault currents from a phase applicator 31 of a voltage-carrying module 30 (below 5000 V) through the adjacent phase applicators 32 with a very short ground passage 34 through the well-conducting secondary winding 35 of the neighboring module 36 (FIG V) and its applicator pair 37, 38, which is currently switched off or because of a zero crossing of the alternating current can be regarded as largely de-energized. There is hardly any current flowing through the bottom 40 (open arrow 39).
  • FIG. 4 shows the mode of action of rectifiers 50, 51 for the minimization of fault currents in adjacent applicators 52, 53.
  • the rectifier 50 can produce only a small amount of power up to the moment when the applicator pair (0 V) is currently switched off or due to the pulsation Height of the generally small smoothing capacitor flow.
  • the main stream flows through the bottom between the applicators of the pair of applicators under tension (bold hatched).
  • FIG. 5 shows the mode of action of additional optional diodes 60, 61, in particular in the case of grounding applicators 62, 63 electrically connected for a plurality of modules, for the elimination of all return currents 64 into the capacitor 65. In many cases, one of the diodes 60, 61 is dispensed with become.
  • Figure 6 shows the minimization of non-trivial electrical interaction of modules 70, 71 on directly adjacent phase applicators 72, 73 and 74, 75 through the use of height-selective applicator units. Only when plants / organisms in a circuit are contacted directly or indirectly by both phase applicators 72 and 73 or 74 and 75 can current flow occur.
  • FIG. 7 shows the interconnection of the grounding applicators 80, 81 of adjacent phase applicators 82 to 89 with two spatially separate and nonconductive grounding applicators 80 in this figure , 81 for minimizing non-trivial, often high frequency interactions by extending continuity across adjacent phase applicator modules.
  • FIG. 8 shows on the left vertical axis 94 the voltage 90 in volts and the power 92 in VA, on the right vertical axis 95 the current 93 in A and on the horizontal axis 96 the resistance in ohms.
  • control of the voltage 90 allows a wide range of maximum power (plateau 91), instead of having a single operating point with maximum power according to Ohm's law. If resistance is too low, the power 92 must drop, because the current 93 for technical reasons z. B. is limited by means of the modulating H-bridge. With very high resistances, the voltage 90 can be limited to a maximum permissible value by means of adapted modulation in the transformer, the power decrease then having to be accepted.
  • FIG. 9 shows the control of the delayed signal propagation over the time axis 100 between modules 101 to 110 (power change in total limitation, spark suppression, shutdown, switch on, etc.).
  • a temporal status change over 13 applicators (vertical 1 1 1 to 123) is shown.
  • the system is used to keep the total power changes to protect the power supply for a limited time, adjacent applicators 1 1 1 to 123 to provide as similar potential (reduction of cross overshoot) and to be able to dispense with a central control system.
  • FIG. 9a it is shown how transient changes or status checks are initiated by the center module 17 as a standard trigger and propagate with a delay by triggering the neighboring applicators so that the change wave moves outward.
  • Figure 9b In the middle is shown in Figure 9b, as well as permanent changes are triggered in the same form in order to defuse the load changes in time and the individual modules 101 to 1 10 eg to give the opportunity, for. B. only in the zero crossing or another electrically preferred state to change their status.
  • FIG. 9c shows that when situation-based triggering (eg acute sensor-detected lightning strike) on any applicator begin, even such status change waves can be passed to the outside. If two opposing waves meet, they cancel each other out (not shown).
  • Figure 10 shows the shift of power to particularly heavily occupied with organisms continuous areas.
  • each module (large rectangle 130-133) is connected to a phase applicator electrically divided into two or more parts (narrow rectangles 134-137 drawn to the left of the module).
  • the earthing applicators (narrow rectangles 134 to 137 on the left of the modules 130 to 133) are undivided in the illustrated case and are all connected to one another.
  • FIG. 10b in the middle shows that in order to concentrate the electric power in particularly densely populated areas (regions marked with double T, regions 138 to 139), the applicators are switched so that the two lower modules 132 and 133 each only have one half apply as broad applicator 142, 143 and the further modules take over the other applicators in addition.
  • the nominal power on the phase applicators is doubled.
  • the earthing applicators can be partly switched off. As a result, the rated current in the still contacted area is even quadrupled in this example.
  • FIG. 11 shows how the compactness of the applicators is spaced as close as possible, e.g. between the plus poles of the applicators of different modules results.
  • Applikatorbalken 201 and 202 L3 and L4
  • the small or by aboveground plant / organism parts bridgeable region 203 between different poles 204 here to the bridged negative pole L2.
  • the negative pole L2 is the common negative terminal of all electrical modules 205 to 216 (here each 6 on L3 and L4) (bridging symbolized by dashed lines).
  • FIG. 12 shows that in space-constrained conditions for the negative pole (L2-), as in height-selective applications 301 and 302 (L3 and L4 have no ground contact but only touch tall plants / organisms, see cross-sectional drawing below) is, the negative pole (L2-) is converted by cutting discs 303 in the ground very narrow what but a bridging of the negative pole (L2-) between applicators 301 and 302 mandatory required, if nevertheless only a narrow strip of ground may be touched.
  • FIG. 13 shows how a ring applicator 400 with potential 401 close to the earth and with bridging 403 (illustrated by dashed lines) comprises oppositely poled applicators 404 to 406 (with high-voltage potential at ground level) of several modules (top view).
  • a very good conductive object (diagonal object 407) touches the remote pole 404 to 406 by movement of the entire unit, it also automatically touches the near-earth enclosing pole 401 and the resulting short circuit leads to safe shutdown of the device, without areas outside the enclosing pole 401 be placed under high voltage.
  • FIG. 14 shows how various module interconnections or the absence of individually controllable modules have an effect. In the upper area of FIG.
  • the four rectangles 501 to 504 represent the area to be treated with the plants 505 to 510 as ellipses.
  • the two bars 5 1 1 and 512 in the central area next to the direction of travel arrow 513 represent the applicator bars either unsegmented or bridged in FIG. 14 a or in FIGS. 14 b and 14 c divided into individual modules.
  • the areas underneath show the treated area and the treated plants, with denser hatching corresponding to a higher applied amount of energy.
  • FIG. 14 a shows a non-advantageous concept without separately controllable modules.
  • the large plants (ellipses) 510 collect the largest energy density with small plants 505 to 509 in relation to the main surface, so that the surface is treated unevenly and very isolated plants receive the most energy.
  • FIG. 14b shows an advantageous system with individual modules, wherein the grounding applicator is bridged and accordingly acts as a unit.
  • the total area receives a secured, even dose, which can be recognized by the uniform gray tone.
  • the bridged applicator the large plants receive a significantly higher dose. This ensures a safe treatment of small plants in heterogeneous growth, but also a stronger treatment of large plants, which is necessary for the control, without the need for sensor technology.
  • FIG. 14 c shows a configuration with unused modules, in which, however, the circuit is always sufficiently closed. In this case, it comes to an extremely uniform energy distribution, the z. B. may be advantageous for siccations.
  • FIG. 15 shows that with height-selective application, the plant density alone does not guarantee a secure power line, since both applicators 601 and 602 hang in the air, since only tall plants 603 to 605 are treated, but low plants 606 and 607 are to be spared , If both poles are in contact with tall plants 603 to 605 as shown in FIG. 15 a, current flows. If there are only a few tall plants 603 and 604-as shown in FIG. 15b-the circuit is often interrupted and not all the tall plants 603 and 604 are treated either.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif comportant plusieurs applicateurs et une alimentation haute tension pour ces applicateurs. L'alimentation haute tension comporte des modules d'alimentation haute tension respectivement associés à un applicateur, et la puissance d'un module d'alimentation haute tension correspond au maximum à 50 % de la puissance de l'alimentation haute tension. Lors d'un procédé d'utilisation de ce dispositif, la tension et le courant sont automatiquement limités ou réduits au niveau du module d'alimentation haute tension, par un microcontrôleur, en présence de résistances de charge déterminées entre les applicateurs, ou l'intensité de courant est ajustée pour atteindre une valeur maximale.
PCT/DE2018/000254 2017-09-12 2018-09-04 Appareil conçu pour désactiver des organismes WO2019052591A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112018005060.2T DE112018005060A5 (de) 2017-09-12 2018-09-04 Gerät zur desaktivierung von organismen

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017008531.5 2017-09-12
DE102017008531 2017-09-12
DE102018002302.9 2018-03-21
DE102018002302 2018-03-21

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DE102021114692A1 (de) 2020-09-08 2022-03-10 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Behandlung von Pflanzen
WO2022144371A3 (fr) * 2020-12-30 2022-09-09 Ubiqutek Ltd. Appareil et procédé permettant d'exterminer des plantes par l'électricité
WO2023237290A1 (fr) 2022-06-10 2023-12-14 crop.zone GmbH Appareil de contrôle pour contrôler un appareil de traitement pour cultures
WO2023237289A1 (fr) 2022-06-10 2023-12-14 crop.zone GmbH Dispositif de sécurité pour surveiller un dispositif de traitement pour des plantes
WO2024078766A1 (fr) 2022-10-14 2024-04-18 crop.zone GmbH Procédé de réduction de contournements de tension électrique indésirables lors de traitements électriques de plantes
WO2024078768A1 (fr) 2022-10-14 2024-04-18 crop.zone GmbH Procédé de réduction d'arc pendant des traitements électriques de plantes
WO2024078767A1 (fr) 2022-10-14 2024-04-18 crop.zone GmbH Détermination de biomasse de plantes
US11963472B2 (en) 2019-06-18 2024-04-23 Agritech S.A. Electrode arrangement for eliminating weeds by contact electrocution
EP4399972A3 (fr) * 2019-12-23 2024-08-14 crop.zone GmbH Dispositif pour appliquer des milieux réduisant la résistance de transition et appliquer du courant sur des plantes
DE102023106185A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen, insbesondere von Knollengemüse
WO2024188501A1 (fr) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Procédé d'électro-traitement de plantes, en particulier d'hiérochloés odorantes
WO2024188500A1 (fr) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Procédé de contrôle de performance pendant le traitement de plantes à l'électricité
DE102023106182A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen, insbesondere zur Gründüngungskontrolle
WO2024188498A1 (fr) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Procédé d'électro-traitement de plantes

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WO2016162667A1 (fr) * 2015-04-04 2016-10-13 Ubiqutek Ltd Appareil et procédé permettant de tuer électriquement des plantes

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Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11963472B2 (en) 2019-06-18 2024-04-23 Agritech S.A. Electrode arrangement for eliminating weeds by contact electrocution
EP4399972A3 (fr) * 2019-12-23 2024-08-14 crop.zone GmbH Dispositif pour appliquer des milieux réduisant la résistance de transition et appliquer du courant sur des plantes
WO2022053402A1 (fr) 2020-09-08 2022-03-17 crop.zone GmbH Procédé de traitement de plantes
DE102021114692B4 (de) 2020-09-08 2024-06-06 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Behandlung von Pflanzen
DE102021114692A1 (de) 2020-09-08 2022-03-10 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Behandlung von Pflanzen
WO2022144371A3 (fr) * 2020-12-30 2022-09-09 Ubiqutek Ltd. Appareil et procédé permettant d'exterminer des plantes par l'électricité
WO2023237290A1 (fr) 2022-06-10 2023-12-14 crop.zone GmbH Appareil de contrôle pour contrôler un appareil de traitement pour cultures
WO2023237289A1 (fr) 2022-06-10 2023-12-14 crop.zone GmbH Dispositif de sécurité pour surveiller un dispositif de traitement pour des plantes
DE102022114635A1 (de) 2022-06-10 2023-12-21 crop.zone GmbH Sicherheits-Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle einer Behandlungs-Vorrichtung für Pflanzen
DE102022114636A1 (de) 2022-06-10 2023-12-21 crop.zone GmbH Überwachungs-Vorrichtung zur Überwachung einer Behandlungs-Vorrichtung für Pflanzen
DE102022114636B4 (de) 2022-06-10 2024-04-18 crop.zone GmbH Überwachungs-Vorrichtung zur Überwachung einer Behandlungs-Vorrichtung für Pflanzen
DE102022126885A1 (de) 2022-10-14 2024-04-25 crop.zone GmbH Biomassen-Bestimmung von Pflanzen
WO2024078767A1 (fr) 2022-10-14 2024-04-18 crop.zone GmbH Détermination de biomasse de plantes
DE102022126888A1 (de) 2022-10-14 2024-04-25 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Lichtbogenreduzierung bei Elektro-Behandlungen von Pflanzen
DE102022126886A1 (de) 2022-10-14 2024-04-25 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Reduktion von ungewollten Spannungsüberschlägen bei Elektro-Behandlungen von Pflanzen
WO2024078768A1 (fr) 2022-10-14 2024-04-18 crop.zone GmbH Procédé de réduction d'arc pendant des traitements électriques de plantes
WO2024078766A1 (fr) 2022-10-14 2024-04-18 crop.zone GmbH Procédé de réduction de contournements de tension électrique indésirables lors de traitements électriques de plantes
WO2024188501A1 (fr) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Procédé d'électro-traitement de plantes, en particulier d'hiérochloés odorantes
DE102023106185A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen, insbesondere von Knollengemüse
WO2024188500A1 (fr) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Procédé de contrôle de performance pendant le traitement de plantes à l'électricité
DE102023106183A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Leistungskontrolle bei einer Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen
DE102023106182A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen, insbesondere zur Gründüngungskontrolle
DE102023106184A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen, insbesondere von Süßgräsern
WO2024188502A1 (fr) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Procédé d'électro-traitement de plantes, en particulier de légumes racines
WO2024188498A1 (fr) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Procédé d'électro-traitement de plantes
DE102023106180A1 (de) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen
WO2024188499A1 (fr) 2023-03-13 2024-09-19 crop.zone GmbH Procédé d'électro-traitement de plantes, en particulier pour la régulation d'engrais vert

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