WO2019048472A1

WO2019048472A1 - Plate filter and method for filtering mash

Info

Publication number: WO2019048472A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/073859
Authority: WO
Inventors: Konrad MÜLLER-AUFFERMANN; Heiko FEURING
Original assignee: Krones Ag
Priority date: 2017-09-08
Filing date: 2018-09-05
Publication date: 2019-03-14
Also published as: DE102017215928A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a plate filter and to a method for filtering mash, having multiple filter chambers arranged adjacent to one another, and having a closure mechanism by means of which a base opening in the base region can be opened for the purposes of removing filter cakes. The plate filter has in each case at least one movable clearing-out element for clearing the filter cake out of the respective filter chamber.

Description

Plate filter and method for filtering mash

The invention relates to a plate filter and a method for emptying filter chambers of a plate filter according to claims 1 and 16.

Mash filters are used in beer production for the separation of solid and liquid components from the mash for wort clarification and the leaching or leaching of the grains.

The usual process steps for the operation of these plants are the filling of the previously saccharified mash in the filter chambers of the mash filter, the filtration of the mash, so that a clarified, sugar-containing wort from the solids (grains) is separated and the subsequent washing and leaching of the in the Batches of sugar contained by the introduction of water.

Following the above-mentioned process steps, the leached spent grains must be removed from the filter chambers in order to ensure a subsequent filtration cycle as quickly as possible.

Such mash filters are already well known and have juxtaposed standing filter chambers bounded laterally by respective plates between which, for example, a frame with at least one filter cloth is located. As is apparent from Figs. 20 and 21, the individual chambers are densely pressed by a punch to a fixed top plate. The emptying of the filter chambers is done by opening the horizontally strained plate packs. Conventionally, the individual plates are separated one after the other so that the filter cakes, i. the spent grains fall down in a grave bunker, which is located under the filter and open at the top, and from there, for example, can be transported away via a screw. Depending on the design of the filter, an ejection of the chambers or a spray cleaning of the filter layer (in particular of the filter cloths before the plates are pushed together again and sealed by a strong pressing on a circumferential seal arranged between the plates or frame.

The known mash filters have the disadvantage that they bring by the nature of the emptying, ie by moving apart of the individual plates an increased space requirement. Also, the moving apart and pushing together of the plates takes relatively long, resulting in a poor system efficiency. In addition, the conventional emptying the plate filter associated with a significant noise and vapor emission.

On this basis, the present invention has the object to provide an improved plate filter and a method that allow optimized emptying of the plate filter.

According to the invention this object is solved by the features of claims 1, 16 and 21.

The plate filter according to the invention, in particular for filtering mash, has a plurality of juxtaposed filter chambers and a closing mechanism, via which the removal of filter cake, i. Marc, a bottom opening in the bottom region of the filter chambers can be opened and then closed again. In addition to the closing mechanism according to the invention, the filter chambers each have at least one movable evacuation element which serves for emptying the filter cake from the filter chambers.

The plate filter according to the invention has the advantage that for emptying the filter chambers now the plates that form the individual filter chambers, no longer have to be moved apart in the horizontal direction, but that in a simple manner a bottom opening of the filter chambers can be opened on the the filter cake can fall, for example, into a grain bunker by gravity. As a result, significant space can be saved and the duration of the emptying of the filter can be significantly shortened. For complete, thorough and rapid emptying of the filter chambers a movable Ausräumelement is additionally provided for the mechanical clearing of filter cake from the respective filter chamber. The combination of the inventive closure mechanism for opening a bottom opening and a movable Ausräumelement the clearing process can be significantly accelerated. The scavenging element thereby moves through, on, or under at least part of the filter cake, as a result of which it is released from the changes in the unfiltrate region of the filter chamber and can therefore be discharged downwards. The Ausräumelement thereby moves in Unfiltratraum for example in the filter chamber between a plate which delimits the filter chamber and the filter element, ie the filter cloth, and / or a membrane and a filter element and / or between two filter elements or filter cloths. The membrane can be attached to at least one plate of the plates, which lateral to the filter chamber. lend limited, or it can be arranged on a plate, for example two membranes.

Advantageously, the Ausräumelement thereby moves at least temporarily towards the bottom opening, which favors the discharge.

Advantageously, the at least one scavenging element has a depth t, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the plate filter, which corresponds to at least 30 to 90% of the depth of the unfiltrate of the filter chamber, that is, for example, the distance between a plate defining the filter chamber and the filter element, i. the filter cloth or between two filter elements or filter cloths. Thus, the Ausräumelemente the filter cake or the grains of the plates or arranged on the plates membranes or the filter element loosen, crush and / or replace. If the scavenging element is arranged between two filter elements or filter cloths, this is particularly advantageous because then the filter can be operated in two directions, whereby behind one or both filter elements (eg) filter cloths membranes can be arranged, which expand or inflate to let. It is also possible that with only one filter cloth each have a clearing element between the filter cloth and the respective plate which limits the filter chamber, is provided. Even then, the filter can be operated in both directions or flow deflections can be made during operation.

Advantageously, the scavenging element is mechanically coupled to the closing mechanism, such that the scavenging element can move with the bottom opening of the bottom area. This is particularly advantageous because then a drive for closing mechanism and Ausräumelement is sufficient and the functions are synchronized.

But it is also possible that the plate filter comprises a control device which drives a drive, in particular hydraulic or pneumatic drive of the Ausräumelements, wherein the Ausräumelement is preferably then moved during or after the closing mechanism opens the bottom opening.

According to the present invention, the chambers no longer have to be moved apart, ie opened laterally, so that no more pressing ram is necessary for connecting the chambers, but the chambers can be permanently connected, ie, that a mechanical tension or compression of the filter chambers with each other possible is. Thus, according to the present invention, the plate filter may comprise a plurality of connection devices via which the individual components of the filter chambers are interconnected. The fact that the individual filter chambers in the longitudinal direction (perpendicular to a filter surface of the filter cloth) of the filter are mechanically sealed to the outside and the individual filter chambers are mechanically fixed to each other, resulting in a permanent horizontal compression. The sealing surface of the bottom opening may be smaller than the lateral sealing surface of adjoining filter chambers in the prior art. This also results in an optimized stress distribution and load reduction in the material, which enables processes such as the temperature-optimized washing out (tipping) of the hot spent grains to increase energy efficiency. Characterized in that the filter chambers are arranged stationary during the clearing and cleaning in the horizontal direction (which does not diverge after each filtering process), it is possible to introduce, for example via a piping and valves different Teilmaischen in different filter chambers of the plate filter to handle independently and discharged separately. Such external piping is not possible with filter chambers or plates or frames, which must be moved laterally for cleaning. Thus, for example, the mashing, that is to say in particular the hydrolysis of starch, can take place in one section of the filter, while in another part of the mash filter, a solid / liquid separation and / or solids removal, ie a clearing out of the filter cake, is carried out simultaneously or with a time delay. Individual subsections can also be separated from one another by separating plates and can optionally be filled, filtered, pressed, leached, opened, cleaned and / or closed in different ways or at different times.

According to a preferred embodiment, each filter chamber has a bottom element which closes the bottom opening and which can be opened and closed via the closing mechanism. But it is also possible that a plurality, preferably all filter chambers have a common bottom element which can open and close the bottom openings of the filter chambers via a common closure mechanism. This has the advantage that the closing mechanism can be substantially simplified since only one mechanism is necessary for several filter chambers. For example, there may be several floor elements for several partial areas of the plate filter, wherein different partial mashes can be introduced in the corresponding partial areas. Thus, these sub-mashes can be treated independently in a plate filter. For example, the bottom element or the common bottom element can be pulled out horizontally under the filter chambers be pushed out or be swung over a pivot axis.

In a further preferred embodiment, in each case a closure mechanism is provided, via which in each case at least two filter chambers can be opened and closed and thus also emptied.

It is also possible for the floor element or the common floor element to be designed in several parts, in particular such that parts of the floor element can be pivoted away from one another or pulled away from one another in order to expose the floor opening. Thus, the lateral space required to pull the floor element away laterally or push away can be reduced, but also the space required down when the floor element is pivoted or opened.

According to a preferred embodiment, the common bottom element on its upwardly facing side a plurality of juxtaposed and spaced-apart closure elements, which are in the closed state of the filter chambers in a corresponding bottom opening and close the bottom opening tight. Such a construction allows not the entire bottom of the plate filter is opened, but a plurality of spaced-apart bottom openings can be provided.

Advantageously, a spent grain bunker is arranged under the filter chambers, in which the filter cake can be cleared.

According to a preferred embodiment, an inflatable or expandable membrane is arranged on at least one plate of the plates which laterally delimit the filter chamber, wherein the membrane may optionally have a surface structure on its side directed towards the chamber center. This is particularly advantageous with the use of a filter material (e.g., filter cloth) stretched in front of the membrane, since the structures serve as spacers, and so liquid or gas can be added and / or removed on this side as well. Thus, as shown in Figure 2, for example, a cloth can be spinned in front of the membranes, to thereby allow filtration on the membrane side and / or to improve leaching and / or to improve the falling off of the filter cake.

The fact that the surface of the membrane is preferably not smooth, also results in a reduced surface adhesion of the filter cake on the membrane, which also favors the clearing and emptying by the Ausräumelement. According to a preferred embodiment, the Ausräumelement comprises a horizontally movable in the respective filter chamber punch. About the stamp the filter cake from the filter chamber can be pushed from top to bottom and discharged through the bottom opening.

According to a preferred embodiment, respective injection devices are integrated in the filter chambers, via which a medium such as water and / or a cleaning liquid can be injected into the chambers, wherein in particular the evacuation element is designed such that cleaning liquid into the filter chambers, in particular in the direction of the plates, which limit the filter chambers or the filter cloth can be injected. Thus, after the filter cake or spent grains has been discharged, the respective filter chamber can be ejected and cleaned. When cleaning the Ausräumelement, in particular the stamp can then be moved up and down, which is particularly favorable for the cleaning process.

According to a preferred embodiment, the respective evacuation element is connected to the bottom element or the common bottom element and can thus move along with the movement of the bottom element or of the common bottom element.

According to a preferred embodiment, the plate filter can be used not only for filtering and leaching the already sweetened mash or grape, but also for the mashing process itself. For this, the plate filter may have a feed for feeding mash in the plate filter and a drainage for wort discharge comprise from the plate filter, and a circulation line through which at least a portion of the wort from the drain back to the inlet can be recycled. Preferably, a heating device is provided, in particular a heat exchanger, via which the wort, or subsets thereof can be heated, which is important for the mashing process. The mash in the plate filter can then be heated via the circulating heated wort.

According to the method according to the invention for emptying filter chambers of a plate filter, at least one bottom opening in the bottom area of the closed filter chambers is opened for clearing. At least one evacuation element moves in at least the unfiltrate space of a filter chamber and clears the filter cake from the respective filter chamber. Advantageously, the at least one evacuation element moves during or after the bottom opening is opened. Advantageously, the filter chambers remain closed, in particular the lateral plates which limit the filter chamber fixed when a bottom opening in the bottom region of the filter chamber is opened. Advantageously, the bottom opening extends in the longitudinal direction (L) of the plate filter below the respective entire filter chamber, in particular of at least one first to a second plate, which laterally delimit the filter chamber. If the opening not only extends below the unfiltrate space, but also, for example, a bottom opening is provided below the filtrate space, for example, the filter can also be operated in a reverse direction - and the filter cake can still be cleared down. It is then advantageous if at least one evacuation element is also located in the "filtrate space", that is to say on the other side of the filter cloth.

The invention also relates to the use of a plate filter according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, wherein unsweetened mash is stored in the filter chambers of the plate filter and the mashing process takes place in the plate filter itself. The plate filter according to the invention is particularly suitable for this use, since the fact that the plates no longer have to be moved in the horizontal direction or longitudinal direction of the filter for emptying, resulting in a variety of benefits for the mashing process, in particular, that Teilmaischen separately in a plate filter can be treated as different sub-areas with the corresponding Teilmaischen can be emptied independently and / or a special piping is possible. In addition, mash saccharification (for example starch hydrolysis) may take place in one section of the plate filter according to the invention, while filtration and / or leaching and / or replenishment may take place at the same time in another section.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the following figures:

FIG. 1 shows a rough schematic of a section through part of a plate filter according to the present invention, FIG.

2 shows a rough schematic of different embodiments of filter chambers of a plate filter,

3 shows roughly schematically different inflatable / expandable membranes on a plate with and without surface structure according to the present invention,

4 shows a rough schematic of filter cloths with different mesh sizes, Fig. 4b Fig. 4b shows a possible construction of a plate with a membrane on each side,

5 shows a perspective view of a plate filter with a pivotable bottom part according to the present invention,

Fig. 6a shows a longitudinal section through a filter frame according to the prior

Technology,

6b shows a longitudinal section through a filter frame according to an embodiment of the present invention,

6c shows a bottom element designed as a continuous flap for closing a plurality of filter chambers according to the present invention, FIG.

Fig. 6d shows a modified flap with free passages for closing a plurality of filter chambers,

Fig. 7 shows a pull-out under the filter chambers bottom element, the in

Fig. 6c is shown

8 also shows a perspective view of a plate filter with a pull-out bottom part according to an embodiment of the present invention,

9 shows a perspective view of an embodiment according to the present invention with a plurality of hinged floor parts,

Fig. 10 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of a

Plate filter having a plurality of separate bottom parts, as shown similarly in Fig. 6c,

1 1 shows a longitudinal section through a frame running around here with an inventive Ausräumteil in a closed and open position,

12 shows a longitudinal section through an angularly executed frame according to a further embodiment with two Ausräumelementen in a closed and open position, FIG. 13 shows a longitudinal section through a frame with an evacuation element coupled to a bottom part according to a further exemplary embodiment in the open and closed position, FIG.

14 shows a special evacuation element according to a further embodiment according to the present invention,

Fig. 15 shows a perspective view of a frame, each with several

Scavenging elements according to a further embodiment of the present invention,

16 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention in a perspective view with an evacuation element in the form of a stamp,

Fig. 17 shows a rough schematic of a perspective view of a Ausräumelements in the form of a stamp, which is not mechanically coupled to the closing mechanism for closing the bottom opening.

FIG. 18 shows a roughly schematic diagram of a stamp with spraying device according to a further exemplary embodiment of the present invention, FIG.

FIG. 19 shows a roughly schematic diagram of a plate filter according to the invention which is used for mashing and / or filtering.

Figures 20 and 21 show prior art plate filters in perspective in closed and opened positions.

Fig. 19 shows a rough schematic of a plate filter 1 according to the present invention. In this embodiment, for example, the plate filter 1 simultaneously serves for mashing and filtering for beer production. The plate filter 1 has a plurality of filter chambers 3, an inlet 16 for feeding mash M or liquid such as water and / or wort in the plate filter 1 and a drain 17 for discharging wort W from the plate filter 1. Further, the device comprises a circulation line 24th , via which at least a portion of the wort from the drain 17 back to the inlet can be recycled. The device further comprises an inlet 22 for hot water, eg brewing water with a temperature of about 80 ° C and an inlet 23 for cold water at about 5-30 ° C. Finally, according to a preferred embodiment, the device comprises at least one raw fruit (shot) tank 21 a and / or malt (shot) tank 21 b, to mix already in the device 1, or not yet fully saccharified mash einlagagern. Preferably, these tanks are arranged on the circulation line 24 or a line connected thereto. Further, the device according to this embodiment comprises a flow vessel 26, in which the wort is passed to the plate filter 1 and can be collected there for a limited time. Finally, the apparatus has a heating / tempering device 25, ie a heat exchanger which can temper or preferably heat the circulating liquid, in particular circulating wort, which is particularly important, as will be explained in more detail below, since during mashing the temperature of the mash increases gradually should be. Thus, here with the heat exchanger 25, the temperature of the wort W in the circulation line 24, for example, gradually increased and thus also the filter cake, ie Treberkuchen in the filter chambers 3 of the plate filter. 1 The external heat exchanger 25 can optionally be bypassed via a bypass line 30. Finally, at least one sensor 29a-f is located in the recirculation line 24 to acquire process engineering data that is essential to match the process parameters of the process for mashing and filtering.

Such sensors may be, for example, a pH sensor, a sensor for measuring the extract content, a sensor for measuring the protein content, the solids content, a sensor for measuring turbidity, etc. The sensors are connected, for example, to a control / regulating device 6, which determines the process parameters then controls or regulates depending on the measured values. From a conduit section 27 downstream of the heat exchanger 25, a conduit 28 branches off, over which e.g. Wort can be passed to a wort kettle (not shown). Finally, the device also has a device 31 for dosing in enzymes, e.g. also means 32 for metering e.g. Acid.

Such plate filter units 1, in which in addition to the classical filtration also a partial or complete starch hydrolysis can be carried out, in a preferred variant filter chambers 3, in each of which a coarse filter cloth (for coarse filtration) and a fine filter cloth (for fine filtration with smaller Thus, for example, coarse solids retention may first be done during mashing, followed by fine filtration on the opposite chamber side. According to a preferred embodiment is, as will be explained in more detail below (see, for example, Figure 2, 3) on at least one plate 14 of the plates, which laterally delimit the filter chamber 3, an inflatable or expansible membrane 36 is arranged, wherein the membrane may optionally have a surface structure at its side directed to the chamber center side. This is particularly advantageous when using a filter material stretched in front of the membrane (eg filter cloth), since the structures serve as spacers and so liquid can also be removed on this side. As shown in Figure 2, so before the membranes a cloth can be spanked to thereby allow filtration on the membrane side and / or to improve leaching and / or to improve the falling of the filter cake.

Fig. 1 shows a section of a possible embodiment of a part of a plate filter 1 according to the invention. The plate filter has a plurality of filter chambers 3, each bounded by two plates 14. In this embodiment, a filter cloth 15 is provided with a certain mesh size or pore size in the filter chambers 3. As filter cloths for sheet filters, for example, cloths of the following material: polyether retherketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polypropylene (PP), polyamides (PA) with a mesh size of 100 to 3000 μηη, preferably used from 500 to 1500 μηη. As is well known, the plates may be frame-like or the wipes may be placed in frames, wherein successive frames, for example, preferably at least one seal connected to each other and are closed to the outside and the filter chambers 3, on opposite sides of the filter cloth 15 respective connections to - or derive mash or seasoning. As is apparent from Fig. 1, via the inlet 16 first of the first chamber via an opening, e.g. Mash, into the right part of the chamber 3i, i. the Unfiltratraum be conducted. This liquid then passes through the filter cloth 15 and can on the other side of the filter chamber 32, that is, through the filtrate, as shown by the arrow, leave this chamber (here, for example, from above) again. In this embodiment, for example, a valve arrangement (not shown) can be switched so that all chambers initially on a Unfiltratseite 3i, the liquid is supplied and discharged on the opposite side, the liquid again and finally discharged through the outlet 17 from the filter 1.

2, 3 and 4 show a rough schematic of the possible structure of individual filter chambers 3. In the figure in Fig. 2, a filter chamber 3 is shown, which is laterally bounded by two plates 14. Die Filterkammer 3 ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. The left plate 14 has, for example, a membrane 36 which is inflatable / expandable and can press on a spent grain cake 38 settling in a filter chamber 3 in order, for example, to squeeze it and / or distribute it homogeneously. The- The membrane 36 can be inflated, for example, with tempered or untempered liquid (for example water and / or wort) or gas (for example compressed air). Next is a filter cloth 15 in the filter chamber 3, such that the medium which enters the filter chamber 3, as indicated by the arrow, is filtered through the filter cloth 15 and a clarified portion of the filter chamber can leave again through a corresponding opening. For this purpose, corresponding valves can be provided. As shown in the second illustration from the left, it is also possible to arrange a membrane 36 on one side and to provide two filter cloths 15. The grain cake 38 can then be deposited between the filter cloths 15a, 15b. By switching valves, the liquid can then either flow through the filter cloth 15a or through the filter cloth 15b and leave the filter chamber on the corresponding side.

The third figure from the left shows an embodiment with inflatable / expandable membranes 36a, 36b on both sides and with a filter cloth 15. The right figure in Fig. 2 shows a variant with two membranes 36a, 36b and two filter cloths 15a, 15b.

As is apparent from Fig. 3, the surface of the membrane 36 may either be smooth (left) and / or for example. Gitterformige characteristics or recesses (center), and / or have structured elevations and / or depressions, so that, for example, a knob-like Surface results (right). In general, the membranes should be designed so that the spent grains fall well (ie low static friction) and that functionalities such as tipping with liquid and / or the discharge of an at least partially filtered liquid can be favored flow and homogenously guaranteed.

Fig. 4 shows that the filter cloths 15 may have different mesh sizes. Thus 15 different functions can be realized with different filter cloths, on the one hand for fine filtration and on the other hand for coarse filtration. The mesh size for fine filtration is in a range of 500 to 1000 μηη. The mesh size in the range of a coarse filtration is in a range of 1000 to 3000 μηη.

According to the present invention, the plate filter 1 is designed so that it can be emptied after filtration, in a simple manner. Therefore, the filter has a closing mechanism 20, via which a bottom opening 4, which lies in a bottom area 5 of the filter chamber 3, can be opened for removing filter cake 38, ie spent grain. The opening 4 must, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the filter, be arranged at least below the respective nonfiltrate area of the filter chambers, so that the spent grain cake 38 or filter cake can be discharged. Fig. 4b shows a possible construction of a saddle 4, which, as shown here, for example, as a frame may be formed and in which an inflatable / expandable diaphragm 36 is disposed on both sides, with the aid of a respective further frame 39 on both Pages is held. Optionally, such membranes 36 are structured and / or filter cloths 15 can be arranged in front of you.

Between such, shown in Figure 4b plates 14 then the filter cloths can be arranged. These filter cloths can, for example, also be stretched on a frame 20, in which case a frame 20 with at least one filter cloth can be arranged in each case between the plates 14. Thus, the plate filter can each be formed by successive membrane plates 14, frame 20, as also shown in FIG.

In the prior art (Figure 6a), the frame 20 is firmly closed down. Fig. 6b, however, shows a section through Figure 5 according to the present invention. This frame has in the bottom area 5 a bottom opening 4, which is closable via a bottom element 7. Here, the bottom element 7 has a closure element 8 which protrudes from the surface of the closure element 7 and comes to rest in the bottom opening 4 and seals it tightly. For this purpose, seals can also be provided on the contact surfaces. In principle, it would be possible for each filter chamber 3 to have its own bottom element 7, which closes the bottom opening 4 and which can be opened and closed via the closing mechanism 20. Advantageously, it is also possible that a plurality, preferably all filter chambers 3 have a common bottom element 7, which can open and close the individual bottom openings 4 of the filter chambers via a common closing mechanism. This has the advantage that the closing mechanism can be substantially simplified, since only one mechanism is necessary for several filter chambers 3. On the respective frame can for example be provided on the left and right a fastener 1 1, for supporting the individual frame parts.

6 c and 6 d show, for example, corresponding bottom elements 7 which open / close at least two or more filter chambers 3, wherein the bottom element 7 is formed flat in FIG. 6 c, and in each case in a region below the filter chambers 3, at least below the unfiltrate space, the closure elements 8 For closing the bottom openings 4. 6d substantially corresponds to FIG. 6c, but here the bottom element 7 has individual closure elements 8 which are connected to one another via connecting parts 12. are bound. In this exemplary embodiment, the common bottom elements 7 are each mounted rotatably about the axis A, such that the openings 4 can be opened by opening the bottom element about the axis A, as is shown for example roughly in FIG. 5.

Fig. 5 shows a plate filter 1, in which the plates 14 are arranged in alternation with the frame 20 and at the beginning and at the end end plates 18a, b are provided. Below the plate filter, a spent grain bunker 9 is arranged, whose lower end tapers conically here, and in which a transport direction 13, here in the form of a screw, is arranged. The spent grain bunker 9 has side walls 40, which preferably all extend at least to the lower end of the plate filter 1, and are arranged such that the flap can be opened within the side walls of the spent grain bunker. This has the advantage that the plates 14 and frame 20 in such a way with the grain bunker in conjunction that results in an outwardly closed system, ie, that when discharging the filter cake emissions can be reduced and the safety can be increased ,

Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of the present invention, in which also a bottom part 7, similar to that shown in Fig. 6c, is used. Here, the bottom openings 4 below the respective filter chambers 3 are not opened by opening the bottom part 7, but for example by pulling or pushing out of the bottom part 7, such that the openings 4 are exposed. Once again, the spent grain bunker 9 with its circumferential side walls 40 is pulled to the lower end of the plate pack of the plate filter, so that a closed system results.

Fig. 8 shows an embodiment which substantially corresponds to the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, but here a smooth on the surface bottom element 7 is pulled out from under the frame 20 and plates 14. In Fig. 8, the bottom member 7 is pulled out perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of the plate filter 1, such that the filter cake or Treberkuchen laterally offset falls out of the individual filter chambers. However, it would also be possible to design the closure mechanism 20 in such a way that the bottom element is pulled out longitudinally below the openings 4, which would result in the spent grains falling laterally offset one after the other from the filter chambers arranged next to one another. Although it is shown in Fig. 6 that an opening 4 in Floor region 5 is cut out, so it would in principle also possible that the bottom opening 4 extends over the entire bottom portion 5.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show exemplary embodiments in which the plate filter 1 is separated into at least two partial areas A, B, for example via a separating element 50. In these parts A and B, for example, when the plate filter 1 is used for mashing, a respective corresponding Teilmaische be passed and treated separately. This means that the floor areas of the sections A and B can be opened separately. For this purpose, the portion A of the plate filter 1 on a bottom element 7a and the portion B a bottom element 7b, which close the respective bottom openings 4 of the sections A and B. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the floor elements 7 are likewise unfolded into the grain bunker 9. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 10, e.g. a bottom element 7 is used with closure elements 8, as shown in Fig. 6c. Thus, for example, in a subarea A, the mash can still saccharify or be washed out, while, for example, in a part B (FIG. 9) the spent grains or filter cake are already emptied. Due to the spatial separation of certain portions of the plate filter according to the invention and the ability to use both parts independently of each other, the filter can also be operated at a higher frequency, since a clocking within an apparatus is now possible. The efficiency of the system is increased and there is no need to work with two separate filters. This reduces the investment costs and energy peaks are reduced.

Another possibility to open the bottom opening 4 is a lowering of the bottom element, in particular the entire bottom of the filter chamber 3. As also described above, for example, individual floor elements 7 can be lowered or lowered for several filter chambers commonly used floor elements.

Although not shown in the drawings, it is also possible that a bottom element 7, or a common bottom element for a plurality of filter chambers 3 can be unscrewed under the bottom openings. For this purpose, one or more turning and / or pivoting mechanisms can be used.

As already explained, it is particularly advantageous that the filter cake or spent grains 38 can fall by gravity out of the bottom openings 4 into the spent grain bunker 9. However, in order to accelerate the emptying and also to clear it out more thoroughly, it is preferable according to the present invention to provide at least one evacuation element 2 per unfiltered space. Fig. 2 and 7 shows an indication of a corresponding Ausräumelement 2 within a frame 20. Thus, a complete emptying of the filter chamber 3, ie the Unfiltratraums the filter chamber 3 can be ensured even without the use of print media. Advantageously, the evacuation element has a depth t in the longitudinal direction L of the plate filter, which has at least 10 to 90 percent of the depth K of the unfiltered space of the filter chamber. The depth K is shown, for example, in the right-hand illustration of FIG. 2. Here is the Unfiltratraum between the two filter cloths in the frame 20. If there is only a filter cloth 15 in a filter chamber 3, as shown for example in the third figure from the left of Fig. 2, the depth K of Unfiltratraums the distance between the filter cloth 15 and the (not inflated) membrane 36 on the plate 14. Thus, it is ensured that the grain cake 38 is broken, cut, and / or ejected in Unfiltratraum by the Ausräumelement 2. The following figures 1 1 to 18 show some embodiments of corresponding Ausräumelemente second

Fig. 11 is e.g. a section through a - here round running - frame 20 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L of the plate filter. 1 Here, the bottom element 7 can be pivoted about an axis A by a drive, not shown, of a closing mechanism 20, as shown by the right-hand illustration. On the bottom element 7, an evacuation element 2 is mechanically firmly connected, such that the evacuation element 2 moves downwards together with the bottom element 7, thereby clearing the filter cake from the unfiltrate space. If a common bottom part 7 is provided for a plurality of filter chambers 3, then at least one corresponding evacuation element 2 extends into at least one unfiltrate space of at least one corresponding filtrate chamber 3.

Fig. 12 shows another embodiment according to the present invention. Here, the bottom part in two parts 7a, 7b, which are opposite and in each case about an axis A1, A2 are pivotally divided. The two bottom elements 7 are additionally against each other, or optionally sealed against a central element. To open the bottom elements 7a, 7b, as shown by the arrows, pivoted apart via a drive, not shown, of a closing mechanism. At each bottom part is located in the upper area a Ausräumelement 2 that extends here at an angle of about 80 to 100 °, in particular 90 ° to the respective floor element. As can be seen from the right-hand illustration 12, the stripping elements 2a, b move downward with the movement of the floor elements 7a, 7b, the paths of movement of the evacuation elements intersecting in such a way that an efficient emptying of the filter cake is possible. To achieve a desired evacuation effect and a mutual blocking of the floor elements (For example, 7a, b) and / or clearing devices (eg, 2a, b) to avoid a time-staggered opening of the floor elements 7 and / or clearing devices 2 may be beneficial.

FIG. 13 shows a further possible embodiment, in which the evacuation element 2 is rigidly connected to the bottom element 7, the bottom element 7 being arranged pivotable about the axis A. Again, the Ausräumelement 2 moves together with the bottom element 7 down and thus clears or loosens the filter cake / on.

By a downward movement, or in the direction of the bottom opening, is meant a movement which causes at least one downward direction component, i. towards Treberbunker 9.

Fig. 14 shows a further embodiment according to the present invention in a perspective view and shows a part of the frame 20, which is here in the filter chamber 3, a Ausräumelement 2, that is also connected by way of example also fixed to a bottom element 7 and thus in the horizontal direction across to the longitudinal direction L is movable, whereby the bottom opening 4 can be opened or closed completely or partially. Here, the evacuation element 2 has, for example, a plurality of mutually spaced cutting edges 20, which move with movement of the bottom element 7 through the filter cake in the unfiltered space of the filter chamber 3 and thus can shred and cut the filter cake. Such a device can for example be combined with the closure elements (bottom openings) of FIGS. 7, 8 and 10, which are moved laterally out of the filter 1.

As is apparent from Fig. 15, a plurality of Ausräumelemente 2 may be provided in the unfiltrate a filter chamber 3. Here, for example, moves the Ausräumelement 2b together with the bottom element 7 down. The clearing member 2a moves independently and can be pivoted downwards via a second axis A2. A plurality of evacuation elements (eg, 2a, 2b), which are optionally mounted on different axes (eg, A1, A2), can optionally be in direct mechanical or electronic communication with each other. Thus, for example, a mounted connection of the elements (eg, 2a and 2b), cause one of the devices (eg, 2a or 2b) is actively moved, and thereby the movement of the other passive component is triggered or favors.

It is particularly advantageous if the evacuation element 2 is designed as a stamp 10 as shown in FIG. 16. In this case, the stamp 2 via connecting elements 45 with the Floor element 7 may be connected, such that with the movement of the punch 10 10 down the bottom element 7 opens, such that the spent grains can be pushed out of the Unfiltratraum. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 16, the bottom opening 4 has the same dimension as the stamp surface 2, wherein the stamp may, for example, preferably expand such that a sealing of the bottom opening 4 can be ensured. The bottom opening 4 thus extends at least below the unfiltrate space 3i, and here allows a closure of one or more chambers. The size of the bottom opening 4 thus does not have to correspond to the size of the stamp surface. The bottom opening 4 can also be larger and preferably also extend in the entire region between the plates 14, as can be seen for example from FIG. 7.

Fig. 17 shows an embodiment as shown in Fig. 16, but with a rotation axis mechanism in which the method of the punch 2 is independent of the movement of the bottom member 7. Here, for example, controls a control device 6, the drive of the bottom element 7 and the Ausräumelements 2 separately and preferably in succession. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 17, a rotation axis mechanism in which the bottom member 7 can be pivoted downward, such that the filter cake or grape can fall past the bottom member. After opening the bottom opening 4 then the punch 10 can be lowered independently, for example, pneumatically. Thus, for example, only the opening of the respective bottom opening 4 takes place here, and simultaneously or subsequently, the inventive mechanical evacuation of the unfiltrate space (here with the aid of the punch 10) is carried out.

According to the present invention, it is particularly advantageous if, for example, in the evacuation element 2, an injection device 19 is integrated in the die 2, for example via corresponding lines and nozzles in the die 2, such that water and / or a cleaning liquid are injected into the non-filtrate space can, in particular to the at least one filter cloth and the plate 14, which optionally has at least one membrane 36. The liquid can be injected during the discharge of the filter cake, so that loosens the filter cake, or the entry is made before and / or subsequently. When the filter cake has already been emptied, the stamper can also be used to clean the unfiltrate space of the filter chamber 3, with targeted cleaning being possible, for example, by ascending and descending movements.

In Figs. 1 to 19 of the plate filter is shown only schematically. In particular, the feed lines for mash and the discharge for wort are also shown only schematically. In a known manner, the plates 14 and the frames 20 as shown for example in Fig. 6b, 41 openings for feeding and discharging pre-clarified wort and / or other liquids such as Anschwänzwässern or cleaning media, wherein the openings 41 in the frame 20 and plates 14 in the plate filter (for example, when pressing the plate package) form, for example, continuous lines, as already known from the prior art. For introducing mash openings 42 in the frame and plates 14, 20 are provided, which also form a common line in the compressed state, for example, to perform mash via the feed line 16 into the filter and through the filter.

However, according to the present invention, since the plates and frames 20 are permanently connected and pressed together by a plurality of connecting means such as screws, clamps, etc., it is also possible to use fixed piping through which mash is supplied to different areas of the plate filter 1 and also seasoning can be taken in different areas. This allows a lot of process flexibility. Thus, the plate filter 1 can also be used for mashing, wherein unsweetened mash is stored in the filter chamber of the plate filter and the mashing process takes place in the plate filter. The plate filter according to the invention is particularly suitable for this use because the fact that the plates no longer need to be moved in the horizontal direction or longitudinal direction of the filter for emptying, a variety of advantages and process options for the mashing process, especially the Teilmaischen separately in the Plate filter can be treated as different sections A, B can be emptied independently with corresponding Teilmaischen and can be treated independently.

Claims

claims

1 . Plate filter (1), in particular for filtering mash, with a plurality of juxtaposed filter chambers (3) and with a closing mechanism (20) over which a bottom opening (4) in the bottom area (5) can be opened for removing filter cake, and with

each at least one movable Ausräumelement (2) for clearing the filter cake from the respective filter chamber (3).

2. plate filter (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the Ausräumelement (2) in the direction of the bottom opening (4) is movable.

3. plate filter (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one Ausräumelement (2) preferably in Unfiltratraum (3i) of the filter chamber (3) is arranged and in particular a depth (t), in the longitudinal direction of the plate filter (1 ), which has at least 30 to 90% of the depth of the unfiltrate space (3i) of the filter chamber (3).

4. plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 1 -3, characterized in that the Ausräumelement (2) with the closing mechanism (20) is mechanically coupled, such that the Ausräumelement (2) with a bottom element (7) for Closing the bottom opening (4) can move.

5. plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 1 -4, characterized in that the plate filter (1) comprises a control device (6) which drives a drive, in particular hydraulic or pneumatic drive, the Ausräumelement (2), preferably the scavenging member (2) is moved while or after the closing mechanism (20) opens the bottom opening (4).

6. Plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 1 -5, characterized in that the plate filter (1) comprises a plurality of connecting means via which the individual filter chambers (3) in the longitudinal direction (L) of the plate filter (1) and closed during the Operation and during the emptying of the filter cake are permanently connected to each other, wherein a filter chamber (3) in particular two plates (14) and an intermediate frame (20) with at least one filter cloth (15).

7. plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 1 -6, characterized in that the filter chamber (3) in each case a bottom element (7), which closes the bottom opening (4) and that via the closing mechanism (20) is opened and closed can be, or that

a plurality, preferably all filter chambers (3) have a common bottom element (7) which can open and close the bottom openings (4) of the filter chambers (3) via a common closing mechanism (20).

8. plate filter (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the bottom elements

(7) or the common bottom element (7) in the horizontal direction under the filter chambers (3) can be pulled out or on a pivot axis (A) can be pivoted on.

9. plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 7-8, characterized in that the bottom element (7) or the common bottom element (7) is formed in several parts, in particular in two parts, such that the parts pivoted away from one another or pulled away from each other to expose the bottom opening (4).

10. plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 7-9, characterized in that the common bottom element (7) on its upwardly facing side a plurality of juxtaposed and spaced-apart closure elements

(8), which lie in the closed state of the filter chambers (3) in a corresponding bottom opening (4) and close the bottom opening (4) tightly.

1 1. Plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that below the filter chambers (3) a spent bunker (9) is arranged, in which the filter cake is removed, and that the plate filter (1) preferably in such a way with the grain bunker (9) is related to an outwardly closed system.

12. Plate filter (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on at least one plate (14) of the plates, which laterally delimit the filter chamber (3), an expandable, in particular inflatable membrane (36) is arranged, and Membrane (36) preferably has a surface structure on its side directed to the chamber center side.

13. plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 1 -12, characterized in that the Ausräumelement (2) comprises a horizontally in the respective filter chamber (3) movable punch (10).

14. Plate filter (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Ausräumelement (2) is designed such that water and / or cleaning liquid into the filter chambers (3) in particular in the direction of the plates (14), the filter chambers (3) limit or in the direction of filter cloth (15), can be injected.

15. plate filter (1) according to at least claim 4, characterized in that the respective at least one Ausräumelement (2) with the bottom element (7) or the common bottom element is connected and with the movement of the bottom element (7) or the common bottom element ( 7) can move.

16. Plate filter according to at least one of claims 1-15, characterized in that the plate filter (1) has an inlet (16) for feeding mash in the plate filter (1) and a drain (17) for discharging wort from the plate filter (16). 1), and a circulation line (24) via which at least part of the wort can be recirculated from the outlet (17) back to the inlet, wherein preferably a heating device (25) is provided, in particular a heat exchanger via which the wort heats can be.

17. A method for emptying filter chambers (3) of a plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 1 -15, wherein a bottom opening (4) in the bottom region (5) of the closed filter chambers (3) for clearing the filter chambers (3) is opened , and

At least one evacuation element (2) moves in such a way that filter cake is removed from the respective filter chamber (3).

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the Ausräumelement (2) moves during or after the bottom opening (4) is opened.

19. The method according to at least one of claims 17-18, characterized in that the lateral plates (14), which limit the filter chamber (3) laterally, remain stationary, when a bottom opening (4) in the bottom region (5) of the filter chamber (3 ) is opened.

20. The method according to at least one of claims 17-19, characterized in that the plate filter (1) into several sub-areas (A, B) is divided, such that in different sub-areas (A, B) different process steps are performed, in particular in one subregion (A, B) the bottom opening (4) is opened and the filter chamber (3) is cleared out, while in another subregion a starch hydrolysis or a solid / liquid separation takes place simultaneously.

21. Plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the bottom opening (4) in the longitudinal direction (L) of the plate filter (1) below the entire filter chamber (3) in particular from a first to a second plate (14 ), which delimits the filter chamber (3).

22. Use of a plate filter (1) according to at least one of claims 1 -16, wherein unsweetened mash is stored in the filter chambers (3) of the plate filter (1) and the mashing process takes place in the plate filter.