WO2019047638A1

WO2019047638A1 - Unmanned aerial vehicle for seeding, and seed spreader thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2019047638A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/098503
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李晟华; 李杰孙
Original assignee: 广州极飞科技有限公司
Priority date: 2017-09-07
Filing date: 2018-08-03
Publication date: 2019-03-14
Also published as: CN207135485U

Abstract

A seed spreader (100), comprising a material bin (1), a motor component (2) and a seed spreading tray (3); the bottom end of the material bin (1) is provided with a material dropping mouth (11); the motor component (2) comprises a motor (20) and a motor cover (21) mounted with the motor (20), the motor cover (21) being connected to the material bin (1), an output shaft of the motor (20) being connected to the seed spreading tray (3); the seed spreading tray (3) is provided with a slideway (30) in communication with the material dropping mouth (11), and can rotate under the driving of the motor (20) so as to toss out materials dropping from the material dropping mouth (11) along the direction defined by the slideway (30). An unmanned aerial vehicle for seeding having the seed spreader (100) above is further comprised. Said seed spreader uses one motor to control the seed spreading process, having advantages of being simple in structure, saving energy and being low-cost.

Description

Spreading drones and their spreaders

Technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a spreader for seeding or spraying granular fertilizer and a drone drone using the same.

Background technique

Agricultural production mainly involves four stages of cultivation and management. The current seeding methods include manpower and mechanical, in which the labor-type seeding labor intensity is high, the efficiency is low, and the seeding is uneven, the seedling quality is too dense, and the farmland resources are wasted. Mechanical seeding can be divided into two types: hand-held mechanical seeding and walking mechanical seeding. The former still needs workers to carry the equipment under the ground, the latter is used for seeding of walking machinery, there are many problems such as difficulty in lowering the field, low speed of travel and difficulty in turning around.

As the flight technology of small and medium-sized unmanned aircraft matures, the advantages of vertical take-off and landing, autonomous flight, and no influence on terrain make it possible to plant the drone.

Patent CN104176254B discloses an onboard device and a spreading method suitable for a drone spreading operation. The airborne device comprises a material box, a material mixing mechanism, a discharging adjustment mechanism, and a material distributing mechanism, which provides a spreading device applicable to the drone, which can achieve the purpose of uniform spreading of materials and reduce the work of laborers. Strength and the purpose of mechanization.

However, the airborne device needs to be provided with a plurality of mechanisms that cooperate with each other to realize different functions, so as to complete the purpose of uniform spreading of the drone, the structure is relatively complicated, the operation is complicated, and the cost is high. Multiple organizations need to be driven by multiple motors, which consume more power and is not conducive to the continuous operation of the drone.

Utility model content

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a spreader that is simple in construction, low in cost, and low in power consumption.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a broadcast drone that uses the above-mentioned spreader, which has a uniform spreading effect, high work efficiency, and can continue to work for a long time.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a sander comprising a material bin, a motor assembly and a spreading disc connected in sequence; a bottom end of the material bin is provided with a dropping port; the motor assembly comprises a motor and a motor cover mounting the motor, the motor cover is installed In the material bin, an output shaft of the motor is connected to the spreading disc to drive the spreading disc to rotate; the spreading disc is provided with a slide channel communicating with the blanking port, and can be driven by the motor Rotating the material dropped by the drop opening in a direction defined by the slide.

Preferably, the motor cover is placed in the material bin and detachably connected to the material bin.

Preferably, the motor is received in the motor cover; the outer periphery of the motor cover is provided with a plurality of elastic arms, the end of the elastic arm forms a hook, and the material bin is provided with a bayonet corresponding to the hook. The motor cover is snap-fitted into the bayonet by the hook to be coupled to the material bin.

Preferably, the spreading disc comprises a bottom plate, a sleeve disposed in a middle portion of the bottom plate, and a plurality of limiting plates disposed on the bottom plate and evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve; the sleeve covers the The output shaft of the motor drives the spreading disc to rotate under the driving of the output shaft of the motor, and the adjacent two of the limiting plates and the bottom plate define the sliding track.

Further, the sleeve extends along an outer circumference of one end of the bottom plate to form a reinforcing rib, and the limiting plate extends from the outer circumference of the sleeve through the reinforcing rib to the bottom plate.

Further, the bottom end of the motor cover is provided with a connecting ring, and a bearing is fixed therein, and the sleeve is tightly coupled with the inner ring of the bearing.

Further, the spreading disc is further provided with a spreading adjustment mechanism for realizing the opening and closing of the slideway, and the spreading adjustment mechanism can adjust the opening degree of the sliding passage according to the centrifugal force under the centrifugal force with the rotation of the motor.

Preferably, the spreading adjustment mechanism includes a pair of guiding rings supported around the sleeve on the limiting plate, a telescopic brush mounted on the guiding ring and slidable relative to the guiding ring, and a resetting member that drives the telescopic brush to be reset when the centrifugal force of the telescopic brush is weakened, wherein the bristles of the telescopic brush are placed in the slide and the slide can be blocked, the resetting An element is coupled between the telescoping brush and the guide ring.

Preferably, the telescopic brush comprises a pair of vertical plates and a horizontal plate spanning between the opposing plates, the upper and lower ends of the vertical plate protrude from the horizontal plate, and the bristles are disposed on the horizontal plate a side of the sleeve, a side of the horizontal plate opposite to the bristles is provided with a mounting post; a pair of vertical walls are connected between the pair of guiding rings, the vertical wall is parallel to the horizontal plate and is located at the side Between the two of the limiting plates; the guiding ring is corresponding to the vertical plate and has a guiding hole extending along the inner circumferential surface facing the outer circumferential surface, and the protruding end of the vertical plate is inserted into the guiding hole And sliding along the guiding hole; the resetting element is a compression spring, which is sleeved on the mounting post and is pressed between the horizontal plate and the vertical wall.

Preferably, the bottom end of the material bin is tapered from top to bottom, and the ends form the drop opening.

Preferably, the top of the material silo is provided with a feeding port, and the upper cover is provided with a feeding cover.

Preferably, the motor cover includes a housing and a cover plate covering the housing, the inner wall of the housing is provided with a first boss for supporting the motor and for the motor, the cover a second boss that is fixed to the housing and the housing.

The utility model also relates to a broadcast drone, comprising a drone body with a power supply and a control system, and the above-mentioned spreader, the spreader being fixed to the bottom end of the drone body, and the motor Electrically coupled to the power source and control system.

Further, the UAV body further includes a speed sensor for detecting the rotation speed of the motor and a weight sensor for detecting the weight of the spreader during the broadcasting, the speed sensor and the weight sensor are both The control system is electrically connected.

Compared with the prior art, the solution of the utility model has the following advantages:

1. The spreader of the utility model adopts a motor to realize the rotation of the spreading disc, so that the material (seed or granular fertilizer) can be evenly spread or spread, the structure is simple, the operation is simple, and the energy saving is saved, and the spreading is prolonged. The continuous operation time of the man-machine.

2. In the spreader of the present invention, by enclosing the motor component inside the material bin, the occupation of the height of the motor component is saved, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the spreader; at the same time, it is beneficial to form a protection for the motor component. The motor assembly and the material bin are connected by a snap connection to facilitate assembly of the spreader.

3. In the spreader of the utility model, the spreading adjustment mechanism adjusts the opening degree of the slide by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the spreading disc, thereby adjusting the spreading speed of the material, the structure is novel, the reliability is high, and the motor drive is not needed, which is conducive to saving electric energy. .

4. In the spreader of the utility model, the spreading adjustment mechanism uses a telescopic brush to block the slide, and when the broadcast adjustment mechanism is in contact with the material, especially the germinated seed, the contact part is soft bristles, and the seed is not damaged. bud.

The additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows.

DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a spreader according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the spreader shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the material bin of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the housing of the motor cover of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the spreading disc of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the telescopic brush of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting.

Referring to Figures 1 through 6, the present invention provides a spreader 100 that can be applied to drones to achieve uniform spreading or spreading of materials, such as seeds or granular fertilizers. The spreader 100 includes a material bin 1, a motor assembly 2, and a spreading disc 3 that are sequentially connected in a height direction. The spreading disc 3 rotates under the action of the motor 20 in the motor assembly 2, and is subjected to the centrifugal force. The material dropped from the bin 1 is evenly ejected for automatic spreading or spreading.

The material bin 1 is hollow, the bottom end thereof is gradually contracted toward the end, and the bottom end opening is formed with a drop opening 11 so that the material in the material bin 1 can be gradually dropped through the discharge opening 11. The top of the material storage compartment 1 is provided with a feeding port 10 for loading materials, and a feeding cover 13 is arranged on the upper cover to prevent material from being discharged from the feeding port 10 during the operation of the spreading device 100, thereby causing material loss and Affect the spreading effect.

The motor assembly 2 includes a motor 20 and a motor cover 21 that is disposed on an outer circumference of the motor 20, and an output shaft of the motor 20 passes through a bottom end of the motor cover 21. The motor cover 21 includes a cylindrical casing 211 and a cover plate 212 that is covered with the casing 211. The housing 211 has a cavity therein, and the inner side wall of the housing 211 is provided with a first boss 216 for supporting the motor 20 and for fastening the motor 20, the cover 212 and the housing 211. Connected second boss 215. The motor 20 is placed in the housing 211 and then connected to the housing 211 and the cover 212 by screws to implement encapsulation of the motor 20.

The spreading disc 3 includes a bottom plate 31, a sleeve 32 disposed at a middle portion of the bottom plate 31, and a plurality of limiting plates 34 uniformly distributed on the bottom plate 31 along the circumferential direction of the sleeve 32. The sleeve 32 is provided with a shaft hole for inserting the output shaft of the motor 20, and the sleeve 32 and the output shaft of the motor 20 can be tightly coupled by threads, keys, pins, etc. to realize the motor. When the rotation 20 rotates, the spreading disc 3 is synchronously rotated. The limiting plate 34 extends from the outer periphery of the sleeve 32 to the edge of the bottom plate 31 to define the blanking port 11 between the adjacent two of the limiting plates 34 and the bottom plate 31. Connected slides 30. During the sowing process, the material in the material bin 1 slides down onto the bottom plate 31 through the drop opening 11, the motor 20 drives the spreading disc 3 to rotate and the material along the slide under the centrifugal force. 30 defined directions are pulled out. Since the limiting plates 34 are evenly arranged, that is, the sliding passages 30 are evenly arranged, when the motor 20 starts to work, the spreading effect of the materials is relatively uniform.

Preferably, the motor cover 21 is placed in the material bin 1 and is detachably connected to the material bin 1.

Preferably, the outer circumference of the housing 211 is evenly disposed, for example, four elastic arms 213 at an acute angle to the horizontal plane, and the ends of the elastic arms 213 form a hook (not labeled, the same below). The inner side of the bottom end of the material bin 1 is provided with a bayonet 12 corresponding to the hook, and the motor cover 21 and the material bin 1 are snap-connected by the hooks being inserted into the bayonet 12 . Preferably, the hook is set to a triangle shape, and the bayonet 12 is set as a triangular blind hole matched with the triangular hook, so that the hook does not protrude from the material bin 1 to ensure The material warehouse 1 is relatively simple in appearance.

When the motor assembly 2 is assembled with the material bin 1, the elastic arm 213 of the motor cover 21 is first pressed against the outer periphery of the housing 211, and then the motor cover 21 is extended from the drop opening 11 into the material. The position of the hook 1 in the cartridge 1 is adjusted, so that the hook is tightly engaged in the bayonet 12 under the elastic restoring force of the elastic arm 213, thereby realizing the motor assembly 2 and The snap connection of the material bin 1 facilitates the assembly of the motor assembly 2 and the material bin 1.

Further, the sleeve 32 of the spreading disc 3 is also connected to the motor cover 21 of the motor assembly 2 via a bearing 4 to make the rotation of the spreading disc 3 smoother and without swaying. Specifically, the bottom end of the housing 211 of the motor cover 21 forms a connecting ring 214, and a bearing 4 is fastened therein, and the sleeve 32 is sleeved in the inner ring of the bearing 4, so that the motor The 20 output shaft can drive the sleeve 32 to rotate relative to the housing 211. On the one hand, since the gap between the sleeve 32 and the bottom end of the casing 211 is filled by the bearing 4, the sway during the rotation of the spreading disc 3 is effectively avoided; on the other hand, the use of the bearing 4 can also enhance the The smoothness of relative rotation between the spreading disc 3 and the motor cover 21 is described.

Further, the spreading disc 3 is further provided with a frustum-shaped rib 33 on the outer circumference of the end of the sleeve 32 near the bottom plate 31, and the limiting plate 34 passes the rib around the outer circumference of the sleeve 32. 33 extends onto the bottom plate 31. The reinforcing ribs 33 are used to strengthen the strength of the connection structure between the sleeve 32 and the bottom plate 31 to ensure the normal operation of the spreading operation. In addition, the reinforcing ribs 33 are formed in a frustum shape, so that the slides 30 between the two adjacent limiting plates 34 have a certain slope to facilitate the material to slide down, thereby ensuring the spreading effect.

Further, the spreading disc 3 is further provided with a spreading adjustment mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of the slide 30 to adjust the spreading speed.

Preferably, the spreading adjustment mechanism includes a pair of guiding rings 35 supported on the limiting plate 34 around the sleeve 32, and a telescopic hair mounted on the guiding ring 35 and slidable relative to the guiding ring 35. a brush 36, and a resetting member for driving the telescopic brush 36 to be reset when the centrifugal force of the telescopic brush 36 is weakened, wherein the bristles 364 of the telescopic brush 36 are placed in the slide 30 The slide 30 can be blocked.

Specifically, the pair of guide rings 35 are disposed coaxially with the sleeve 32, and are parallel to the bottom plate 31 and are connected to the limiting plate 34. The guiding ring 35 is an annular flat plate, and a pair of guiding holes 351 and a vertical wall 352 are defined for each of the sliding channels 30. The set of guiding holes 351 includes two guiding rings 35 which are opened in the lower layer and two first guiding holes extending in the outward circular direction of the inner circumference of the guiding ring 35 and two guiding rings 35 which are opened on the upper layer. A second guiding hole of the same structure. The vertical wall 352 is supported between the two guiding rings 35, and is located between the two guiding holes 351 of the same guiding ring 35. Preferably, the plane of the vertical wall 352 and the sleeve 32 outer circles are tangent. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the pair of guiding rings 35 may not be parallel to the bottom plate 31, and only the pair of guiding rings may be parallel to each other to realize the guiding function of the telescopic brush.

The telescoping brush 36 includes a pair of parallel vertical plates 361, a horizontal plate 362 that spans between the opposing plates 361, and bristles 364 disposed on one side of the horizontal plate 362. A mounting post 363 on one side, and a compression spring 365 disposed on the mounting post 363. The upper and lower ends of the vertical plate 361 protrude from the horizontal plate 362 and are inserted into the guiding holes 351 of the pair of the guiding rings 35, and can be guided by an external force. The hole 351 slides back and forth; the side of the horizontal plate 362 where the bristles 364 are disposed is disposed on the sleeve 32, and the bristles 364 are placed in the slide 30 to block the slide 30 to prevent When the material is in the non-working state, the material slides out from the slide 30 to cause waste and affect the spreading effect; the other side of the horizontal plate 362 faces the vertical wall 352, and the compression spring 365 is biased on the horizontal plate 362 and the vertical wall 352. Between the two, the telescopic brush 36 is driven to be reset when the force applied by the telescopic brush 36 disappears or weakens.

It should be noted that, in order to adapt to the guiding of the telescopic brush, the length of the horizontal plate is limited. In the embodiment, in the direction of the inner circle along the inner circle of the guiding ring, between the two first guiding holes The pitches are equal, and correspondingly, the pitches of the two second guide holes are also equal.

When the broadcasting is performed, the motor 20 receives an external control command to start the operation, and the spinning disk 3 is rotated, and the telescopic brush 36 slides in a direction away from the sleeve 32 under the centrifugal force, thereby opening the sliding. The passage 30 causes the material to slide off the chute 10 along the chute 30 and is drawn in a direction defined by the chute 30 by centrifugal force; when stopping or suspending the spread, the motor 20 stops rotating, The centrifugal force received by the telescoping brush 36 disappears, and the compression spring 365 urges the telescopic brush 36 to be reset by its elastic restoring force.

In the spreader 100 of the present invention, the centrifugal force generated during the rotation of the spreading disc 3 is skillfully utilized, and the telescopic brush 36 for realizing the opening degree of the slide 30 according to the magnitude of the centrifugal force is designed, without using an additional power source, Conducive to saving energy and reducing costs. In addition, the portion of the spreading adjustment mechanism that contacts the material is the bristles 364 of the telescopic brush 36, which has a protective effect on the material, especially the germinated seed, to prevent hard contact and damage the seed bud.

It should be understood that, when the material to be sown is not a germinated seed, for example, when the material is a granular fertilizer, the telescopic brush 36 may be replaced by other members that can slide along the guiding hole 351 to open and close the slide 30, such as The bristles 364 of the telescopic brush 36 are replaced with baffles that extend into the slide 30 to facilitate cleaning of the spreading mechanism.

The utility model also relates to a broadcast drone (not shown, the same below), which comprises a drone body (not shown, the same below) and the above-mentioned spreader 100 fixed at the bottom end of the drone body. In order to realize the lifting, rotating, advancing and retreating of the spreader 100 through the drone body, and controlling the working state of the opening, closing, turning, and rotating speed of the motor 20 of the spreader 100.

Specifically, the UAV body has a power supply and a control system, and the motor 20 of the spreader 100 is electrically connected to the power supply and the control system, respectively, to supply power to the spreader 100 through the power of the UAV body, and The control system controls the operating state of the motor 20 to effect control of the spreading process. The control system further has a function of receiving a broadcast command sent by the user through a remote control device (for example, a remote controller) and feeding back broadcast information to the remote control device.

Due to the use of the above-mentioned spreader 100, the broadcast drone has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation, long working time and good spreading effect.

Further, the UAV body further includes a speed sensor for detecting the rotation speed of the motor 20 and a weight sensor for detecting the weight of the spreader 100 during the spreading process, and the speed sensor and the weight sensor are both The control system is electrically connected. The spreader 100 is weighed in real time by the weight sensor, and the speed of the motor 20 in the spreader 100 is monitored by the speed sensor, which is advantageous for flexible control of the spreading process.

The above description is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and refinements without departing from the principle of the present invention. Retouching should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

A spreader, comprising: a material bin, a motor assembly and a spreading disc;

The bottom end of the material bin is provided with a dropping opening;

The motor assembly includes a motor and a motor cover on which the motor is mounted, the motor cover is mounted on the material bin, and an output shaft of the motor is coupled to the spreading disk to drive the spreading disk to rotate;

The spreading disc is provided with a slide communicating with the discharge opening, and is rotatable by the motor to pry the material dropped by the discharge opening in a direction defined by the slide.
The spreader of claim 1 wherein said motor cover is disposed within said material bin and detachably coupled to said material bin.
The spreader according to claim 2, wherein the motor is housed in the motor cover; the outer periphery of the motor cover is provided with a plurality of elastic arms, and the end of the elastic arm forms a hook, the material The bayonet is provided with a bayonet corresponding to the hook, and the motor cover is snap-fitted into the bayonet by the hook to be connected with the material bin.
The spreader according to claim 1, wherein the spreading disc comprises a bottom plate, a sleeve disposed at a middle portion of the bottom plate, and a plurality of sleeves located above the bottom plate and evenly distributed along the circumference of the sleeve a limiting plate; the sleeve is connected to an output shaft of the motor to drive the spreading disc to rotate under the driving of the output shaft of the motor, and the two adjacent limiting plates and the bottom plate are defined The slide.
The spreader according to claim 4, wherein the sleeve extends outwardly around an outer end of the bottom plate to form a reinforcing rib, and the limiting plate extends from the outer circumference of the sleeve through the reinforcing rib to the On the bottom plate.
The spreader according to claim 4, wherein the spreading disc is further provided with the slideway opening and closing, and the slide can be adjusted according to the centrifugal force under the centrifugal force with the rotation of the motor. The spreading mechanism of the opening.
The spreader according to claim 6, wherein said spreading adjustment mechanism comprises a pair of guide rings supported on said limit plate around said sleeve, mounted to said guide ring and opposite to said a telescopic brush for sliding the guide ring, and a reset member for driving the telescopic brush to be reset when the centrifugal force of the telescopic brush is weakened, wherein the bristles of the telescopic brush are placed in the slide The slide can be blocked, and the reset element is mounted between the telescopic brush and the guide ring.
The spreader according to claim 7, wherein the telescopic brush comprises a pair of vertical plates and a horizontal plate spanning between the opposing plates, and upper and lower ends of the vertical plate protrude from the horizontal plate The bristles are disposed on a side of the horizontal plate facing the sleeve, the side of the horizontal plate opposite to the bristles is provided with a mounting post; and the pair of guiding rings are connected with a vertical wall, The vertical wall is parallel to the horizontal plate and located between two adjacent limiting plates; the guiding ring is corresponding to the vertical plate and has a guiding hole extending along the inner circumferential surface facing the outer circumferential surface, the vertical plate protruding The end portion is inserted into the guide hole and slidable along the guide hole; the reset element is a compression spring which is sleeved on the mounting post and is pressed between the horizontal plate and the vertical wall .
The spreader according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the material bin is tapered from top to bottom, and the end portion forms the discharge opening.
The spreader according to claim 1, wherein the top of the material bin is provided with a feed opening, and the upper cover is provided with a feed cover.
The spreader according to claim 1, wherein the motor cover comprises a housing and a cover plate covering the housing, and the inner wall of the housing is provided with a first one for supporting the motor a boss and a second boss for fixing the motor, the cover plate and the housing to each other.
A broadcast drone comprising a drone body having a power supply and a control system, characterized by further comprising the spreader of any one of claims 1 to 11, the spreader being fixed to the unmanned a bottom end of the body and the motor is electrically coupled to the power source and the control system.
The broadcast drone according to claim 12, wherein the drone body further comprises a speed sensor for detecting the rotational speed of the motor and a weight for detecting the weight of the spreader during the spreading process. A sensor, the speed sensor and a weight sensor are each electrically coupled to the control system.