WO2019047483A1 - Procédé et appareil de suppression de vibration pour construction protégée de l'extérieur, et procédé de levage de corps de tour - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de suppression de vibration pour construction protégée de l'extérieur, et procédé de levage de corps de tour Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019047483A1
WO2019047483A1 PCT/CN2018/077075 CN2018077075W WO2019047483A1 WO 2019047483 A1 WO2019047483 A1 WO 2019047483A1 CN 2018077075 W CN2018077075 W CN 2018077075W WO 2019047483 A1 WO2019047483 A1 WO 2019047483A1
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Prior art keywords
jet
tower
vibration
wind
flow
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PCT/CN2018/077075
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马盛骏
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北京金风科创风电设备有限公司
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Publication of WO2019047483A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019047483A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/912—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a tower
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • F05B2260/964—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise by damping means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of a retaining structure, in particular to a method and a device for suppressing vibration of a retaining structure and a lifting method of the tower.
  • Figure 1-1 shows the structure of wind power equipment.
  • the foundation of the wind power generation equipment is the tower 10, which plays a role of supporting and enclosing the whole machine.
  • the tower 10 may be a steel cylinder or a steel cylinder and A combination of concrete towers.
  • the tower 10 carries a nacelle 30 of a wind power plant, a generator, and an impeller 20.
  • the wind turbine consisting of the impeller 20 and the generator completes the task of acquiring wind energy and converting it into electrical energy.
  • the converted electrical energy is transmitted through the power transmission cable 40 or the power transmission busbar.
  • the power transmission cable 40 shown in the figure is taken out from the nacelle 30 and then limited by the cable retaining ring at the top of the tower 10, and the cable retaining ring is fixed to the cable retaining ring.
  • the fixed plate 50 is then suspended along the inner wall of the tower 100 through the saddle face bracket 60 to the converter cabinet 70.
  • a tower door 80 is also provided at the lower end of the tower 10.
  • the converted electric energy is controlled by the switchgear of the wind power generator, and is transported to the converter (in the converter cabinet 70) for completing the electric power conversion task by means of the power transmission cable 40 or the power transmission busbar wire, and then passed through the converter. After processing, the electrical energy required to meet the grid connection rules can be obtained.
  • the tower 10 of the wind power generation equipment can be said to be a tower of wind power generation, and mainly plays a supporting role in the wind turbine equipment.
  • the tower 10 carries the structural wind load generated by the nacelle 30, the impeller 20, the generator or the downwind vibration and the crosswind direction vibration caused by the wind, that is, the wind-induced structural vibration problem.
  • Figure 1-2 is a schematic diagram of tower tower hoisting.
  • the tower 10 is currently installed in sections, as shown in FIG. 1-2.
  • the first tower section 11 is first installed on the foundation foundation 90 of the tower 10, and then the other tower sections are hoisted one by one, after being connected to each other, the top of the tower 10 (Fig. 1 -
  • the fifth tower section 15) of 2 is connected to the yaw system of the nacelle 30, the nacelle 30 is docked with the generator, and the generator (or gearbox) is then docked with the impeller 20.
  • the base ring of the foundation foundation 90 connected to the first tower section 11 is cleaned, and the threads of the plurality of bolts (such as 120) are smeared and placed at the inner ring of the base ring, and the wind power is generated at the same time.
  • the equipped control cabinet is hoisted into the base ring;
  • the bolt is passed from the bottom to the top, and the nut is tightened by an electric wrench after the nut is installed, and at least the nut is tightened three times (after the completion of the lifting process of the entire wind power generation equipment) Then, use a torque wrench to tighten the tower connecting nut to the required torque value);
  • the remaining tower section is the same as the hoisting process of the first tower section 11. After the uppermost tower section is hoisted, the hoisting cabin is prepared.
  • the above-mentioned docking and connection installation processes are carried out under the condition that the local wind in the small-area environment of the wind farm is unpredictable. Therefore, during the hoisting installation process, gusts or constant small winds of varying sizes are often encountered. As mentioned above, these gusts or continuous winds may induce vibrations to the tower, destroying the stability of the enclosure and endangering the person and the scene. The safety of the equipment, delay the installation schedule. For example, after the fourth tower section 14 is hoisted, the fourth tower section 14 is vibrated, causing the fifth tower section 15 to be out of alignment; even the bolts that are tightened may break under shock, thereby jeopardizing safety.
  • the safety requirements for the hoisting process of the wind power industry clearly stipulate that the hoisting of the blade group is prohibited when the wind speed is greater than 6 m/s; the hoisting of the engine room is strictly prohibited when the wind speed is greater than 8 m/s; the hoisting of the tower is strictly prohibited when the wind speed is greater than 10 m/s. It can be seen that the on-site lifting schedule and installation schedule are obviously limited by the local wind conditions. For the construction of high-altitude and high-altitude wind farms, the construction period is more susceptible.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a tower tube having a certain vibration suppression function in the prior art
  • FIG. 3-1 to FIG. 3-6 are cylindrical vortex shedding (flow around the body) and Renault respectively.
  • the relationship diagram of the six intervals, the six intervals of the Reynolds number (Re) are from Fig. 3-1 to Fig. 3-6, respectively, Re ⁇ 5, 5 ⁇ Re ⁇ 15, 40 ⁇ Re ⁇ 150, 150 ⁇ Re ⁇ 3 ⁇ 10 5 , 3 ⁇ 10 5 ⁇ Re ⁇ 3 ⁇ 10 6 , Re > 3 ⁇ 10 6 .
  • the structure is divided into a bluff body and a streamline such as a wing or sail of an aircraft.
  • the cylinder wake is mainly characterized by turbulent wake after separation.
  • the vortex shedding starts irregularly.
  • the period of vortex frequency can be roughly determined, but vortex
  • the interference force will no longer be symmetrical, but random.
  • the wake behind the cylinder is very disordered, but it shows a regular vortex shedding.
  • the vortex shedding frequency is equal to the condition of the natural frequency of the tower and its basic vibration system of the structural system, which can be satisfied at a certain wind speed.
  • the tower and its basic vibration system will have some feedback effect on the vortex shedding, so that the frequency of the vortex is “captured” by the vibration frequency of the tower and its basic vibration system within a certain wind speed range, so that it The range of wind speed does not change with the change of wind speed. This phenomenon is called locking, and the lock will enlarge the wind speed range in which the tower structure is resonated by vortex.
  • the tower height of modern large-scale MW-class wind turbines can reach 60-100m.
  • the top of tower 10 is equipped with main components such as main frame, sub-frame, hub and blades (ie impeller 20).
  • main components such as main frame, sub-frame, hub and blades (ie impeller 20).
  • impeller 20 When the wind turbine is running, the load received by the tower 10 is affected by the natural wind in addition to the gravity generated by the top part and the dynamic load generated by the rotation of the impeller, including the downwind direction and the crosswind direction.
  • the impeller When the wind blows the impeller, it generates bending moments and forces to the tower. This bending moment and force generated by the downwind direction is the main cause of the tower 10 being damaged.
  • the eddy current generated when the wind bypasses the tower 10 also causes lateral vibration that causes the tower 10 to undergo resonance damage.
  • the right and left sides of the wake produce pairs of oppositely-arranged and oppositely-rotating anti-symmetric vortices, namely the Karman vortex.
  • the vortex exits the tower 10 at a certain frequency, causing the tower 10 to vibrate laterally perpendicular to the wind direction, also referred to as wind induced lateral vibration, ie, vortex induced vibration.
  • wind induced lateral vibration ie, vortex induced vibration.
  • a spiral 10a (or a spiral plate) is wound around the outer wall of the tower 10 for suppressing vortex shedding on the surface of the tower 10.
  • the spiral 10a (or spiral plate) has different lateral oscillation suppression effects when arranged at different pitches; the height increase of the spiral 10a is beneficial to destroy the vortex release period, and the vortex generation and distribution are more irregular, which is favorable for suppressing the vortex Vibration, while the noise, the resistance generated before and after the tower is gradually increased, and the amplitude of the pitch vibration along the wind direction will increase.
  • the wind speed of the air flow will change. If the characteristic parameters (pitch, height) of the spiral 10a (or the spiral plate) are processed to change according to the wind speed of the air flow, the corresponding manufacturing cost and maintenance cost will increase greatly;
  • the coverage of the spiral 10a (or spiral plate) on the surface of the tower affects the lateral oscillation suppression effect.
  • the coverage reaches (or exceeds) 50%, the effect of suppressing lateral vibration is optimal, but at this time the spiral 10a (or The severe effects of wind-induced noise from airborne currents on natural environment organisms are not permitted by ecological regulations;
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for suppressing vibration of an enclosure structure, and a method of hoisting a tower, the method and apparatus capable of suppressing vibration and improving the installation of the enclosure structure subject to regional wind conditions.
  • the apparatus for suppressing vibration of a building structure includes a jet device capable of flowing a jet to an upwind direction of the enclosure structure, the disturbance corresponding to at least a portion of the upwind direction of the upper windward side of the enclosure structure.
  • the present invention also provides a method of suppressing vibration of an enclosure structure, the jet stream being ejected toward the upwind direction of the enclosure structure, the disturbance corresponding to at least a portion of the upwind direction of the upper windward side of the enclosure structure.
  • the invention also provides a method for hoisting a tower, the tower comprises a plurality of tower sections, and the tower is sectioned and hoisted when the tower is installed, wherein the hoisting process is carried out to the upwind of the tower
  • the jet, the disturbance corresponds to at least a portion of the upwind flow on the windward side of the upper portion of the tower, and then the corresponding tower section is hoisted.
  • the above technical solution can flow the jet in the upward wind direction to disturb the vibration of the tower after disturbing the airflow, and the analysis is as follows:
  • the scheme introduces a jet flow between the upwind and the windward side of the tower to interfere with the upward wind flow. Then, the jet is mixed with the upwind flow (the jets of adjacent jet tubes are also mixed) to form a local turbulent airflow, and the pulsating component of the local turbulent airflow destroys the correlation of the overall windward flow, so that the aerodynamic shape of the tower
  • the feedback capability of the mixed turbulent flow is reduced.
  • the turbulence of the flow field around the upper and lower sections of the tower is low, and the upper and lower stratification occurs, which hinders the formation of vortices on the rear sides of the upper tower, and disturbs the consistency of the upper vortex shedding and the lower vortex shedding frequency. Therefore, they work together to weaken, reduce or prevent the vortex-induced resonance response when the boundary layer of the outer surface of the tower is flow-off, which prevents the vortex-induced vibration of the upper part of the tower.
  • jet interference can match the wind speed change of the upwind direction, destroy the correlation of the overall wind direction and flow, and suppress the vibration induced.
  • the airflow of the jet is easily changed, so that it can be adjusted according to the change of the wind speed without increasing and enclosing cost.
  • the spiral is uncontrollable once it is shaped and fixed, as long as there is wind, noise will be generated and the structural resistance will increase accordingly.
  • the noise of the jet flow can be Active control and adjustment, the operation process can be generated in a short time and temporarily to suppress the vibration operation, and can be implemented intermittently to meet the requirements of ecological regulations.
  • the way of jet disturbance damping can be installed through the tower to all stages of use. , has practical significance.
  • Figure 1-1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of wind power generation equipment
  • Figure 1-2 is a schematic view of the tower section hoisting
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a tower having a certain vibration suppression function
  • Figures 3-1 to 3-6 are schematic diagrams showing the relationship between cylindrical vortex shedding (flow around the body) and Reynolds number;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of the present invention, wherein an external foundation position at the bottom of the tower is provided with a device for suppressing vibration of the tower;
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the jet flow of the jet tube and the upwind flow in Figure 4;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the wing angle of attack
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the change of the angle of attack of the upwind direction in Figure 4.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the aerodynamic shape change of the upwind flow in Fig. 4 after being disturbed by the jet;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of the flow of the jet in Fig. 4 before the confluence of the upwind flow;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of three different aerodynamic shapes
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the Storocha number of the outer surface of the tower and the Reynolds number
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the middle of the tower is provided with a device for suppressing vibration of the tower;
  • Figure 14 is a plan view of Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of eight jet tubes provided by the jet device on the outer foundation of the tower;
  • Figure 16 is a plan view of Figure 15;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the movement of the jet tube in the jet device, the jet tube is located in the west of the tower, and the upwind flows from the west to the east;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view of the jet tube of Figure 17 moving to the south of the tower, the upwind flow from south to north;
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view of the jet tube of Figure 17 moving to the southwest direction of the tower, the upwind flow from the southwest to the northeast;
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the structure of three movable jet tubes in a straight line
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the structure of two movable jet tubes in a straight line
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the flow tube tilting upward in the wind direction
  • Figure 23 is a schematic structural view of a plurality of jet tubes of Figure 4.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic structural view of a jet tube with an annular swirl channel
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 24;
  • Figure 26 is a control block diagram of the suppression of tower vibration provided by the present invention.
  • 201 gas boosting device 202 jet tube, 202' jet, 202a segment, 202b contraction segment, 202c annular swirl channel, 202d DC channel, 203 circular orbit, 204 fluid distribution mother tube, 205 vibration detector, 206 flow rate Measuring instrument, 207 working controller, 208 air filter, 209 vibration information wireless receiver, 210 heater, 211 fluid distribution branch;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • the external foundation of the bottom of the tower is provided with a device for suppressing vibration of the tower;
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG.
  • a method of suppressing vibration of the enclosure structure is also described in connection with the structural features of the apparatus for suppressing tower vibration. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method of hoisting a tower.
  • the tower 100 is installed on the foundation foundation 400, and the tower 100 is formed by sequentially connecting the five-stage tower sections from bottom to top, respectively being the first tower section 101 and the second tower shown in the figure.
  • Section 102, third tower section 103, fourth tower section 104, and fifth tower section 105 it will be understood that the tower 100 section is not limited to five sections.
  • the apparatus for suppressing vibration of the tower 100 includes a fluidizing device disposed outside the tower 100.
  • the fluidic device includes a jet tube 202 for ejecting the jet 202', i.e., ejecting fluid.
  • Jet refers to the flow of fluid from a nozzle, orifice, slit, or mechanically propelled, and mixed with the surrounding fluid.
  • the jet 202' is generally a turbulent flow pattern with a turbulent diffusion effect that enables momentum, heat and mass transfer.
  • the fluid ejected from the jet tube 202 is a gas, specifically air, and the air has the advantages of easy availability and low cost, and other gases can also be used.
  • the foundation 300 disposed outside the tower 100 is not limited to being directly mounted on the ground, and may be a ground or a platform above the ground. Here, it is mainly explained that it is installed outside the tower 100 and is independent of the tower 100. It differs from the embodiment mounted to the tower 100 itself (the embodiment shown in Fig. 13 below). As shown in Fig.
  • the fluidic device further includes a gas boosting device 201 (e.g., a compressor, air compressor) for delivering pressurized gas to the jet tube 202 to form a jet 202'.
  • a gas boosting device 201 e.g., a compressor, air compressor
  • the jet tube 202 can smoothly eject the jet 202', and is also provided with an air filter 208, and the air is filtered by the air filter 208 and then enters the gas boosting device 201, thereby preventing natural Rainwater, snow, sand, floes, etc., which may be carried in the ambient air flow during different seasons, enter the gas boosting device 201, thereby avoiding damage to the gas boosting device 201 and ensuring the working operation of the gas boosting device 201.
  • the fluid distribution mother tube 204 may be disposed, and the fluid distribution mother tube 204 supplies the jet medium to the plurality of the spray tubes 202, so that the pipeline connection is simpler and the airflow is evenly distributed. .
  • the jet device ejects the jet 202' toward the upwind of the tower 100.
  • the jet tube 202 ejects the jet 202' from the bottom to the top, and the upwind flow is taken as an example in the horizontal direction.
  • the 202' extends upward in a column shape and gradually diffuses, and comes into contact with the upwind direction to disturb the upward wind.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the jet 202' of the jet tube 202 in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an airfoil angle of attack
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a change of the angle of attack of the upwind direction in FIG.
  • Angle of attack (English: Attack Angle), sometimes called the angle of attack.
  • the angle of attack ⁇ is defined as the angle between the chord L and the direction of the upward wind direction (shown in Figure 7 as the horizontal direction), the head is positive and the head is negative.
  • the angle between the upwind flow and the horizontal direction is the angle of attack ⁇ .
  • Aerodynamic Configurations are shapes that move in a gaseous medium to reduce motion resistance and are suitable for movement in the medium.
  • the aerodynamic shape is mainly a concept proposed for a missile, an aircraft or the like, and the present embodiment is applied to the tower 100.
  • the aerodynamic shape specifically refers to the infinitely thin enveloping surface formed on the wall surface in the three-dimensional space-time coordinate system when the upwind flows around the wall of the flow tower.
  • the starting point of the enveloping surface is the stagnation point formed by the air flow contacting the solid surface of the tower.
  • the airflow forms a trajectory around the outer wall, and a plurality of trajectories form a surface, and the surfaces are surrounded by the space, where the flow around the airflow produces a certain elevation angle to the wind, and the trajectory deviates from the tower shape (ie, the circle Shape), changing to an ellipse, except that the elliptical trajectory is projected vertically downward (ground) and is still a circle.
  • the process of contact with the tower after the upward wind has an elevation angle ie, the fluid-solid coupling process
  • the process of contact with the tower after the upward wind has an elevation angle is different from the horizontal flow around the circular tower, which indirectly changes the aerodynamic coupling of the tower and the upwind flow. shape.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the aerodynamic shape change of the upwind flow in FIG. 4 after being disturbed by the jet 202';
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the jet 202' before the confluence of the upwind flow in FIG. 4;
  • the aerodynamic shape changes.
  • the aerodynamic shape is circular.
  • the aerodynamic shape will be elliptical.
  • the aerodynamic shape corresponding to the flow field in the C region is elliptical, and the aerodynamic shape change caused by the velocity change and convergence of the jet 202' from above and below is not the same, and the elliptical shape increases with height.
  • the aerodynamic shape also has minor changes.
  • the leftmost side shows a circular aerodynamic shape, zero angle of attack, which is a bluff body; the middle part shows an elliptical shape, the angle of attack is relatively small, and has deviated from the bluff body; the rightmost side shows an elliptical shape, long and short axis
  • the ratio is larger than that of the middle, the angle of attack is relatively large, and streamlined.
  • the aerodynamic shape of the airflow around the tower 100 is indicated by 100'.
  • the structure of the tower 100 immersed in the fluid due to the flow of fluid (such as the air flow of the wind farm) or across the outer surface of the structure of the tower 100, the vortex of air flow generated from the tower 100 (belongs to The unbalanced force caused by the alternating detachment of the two sides from the surface of the tower 100 will produce a lateral force directed to the side at the vortex shedding on both sides of the tower 100, and the alternating vortex will be used to make the tower in this way.
  • the 100 structure is similar to the forced vibration of the simple harmonic (ie sinusoidal) transverse wind direction (the upper part of the tower 100 and the lower part of the middle section), which is called vortex-induced resonance. That is, the Karman vortex phenomenon mentioned in the background art induces vortex-induced resonance generated by vibration.
  • ⁇ (Re, St) is the frequency at which the vortex shedding, and ⁇ t as a whole is a variable
  • Re is the Reynolds number
  • St is the Storocha number
  • ⁇ is the wind flow density on the tower 100
  • U is the wind speed of the tower 100 on the wind direction
  • C is the aerodynamic coefficient of the structural section of the tower 100
  • the aerodynamic coefficient is also called the wind carrier type coefficient, which is the ratio of the pressure (or suction) formed by the wind on the surface of the engineering structure to the theoretical wind pressure calculated from the wind speed. It reflects the distribution of stable wind pressure on the engineering structure and the surface of the building, and varies with the shape, dimensions, shielding conditions and airflow direction of the building.
  • D is a characteristic dimension when the outer surface of the tower 100 is traversed by the fluid, and is a characteristic scale of the space structure formed by the obstacle facing the fluid when the fluid passes through the obstacle and flows around the obstacle, and is a general term in the field of heat transfer. In this embodiment, it refers to the characteristic dimension of the enclosing structure (here, the outer surface shape of the tower) and the fluid contact surface (here, the air flow), and generally takes the width of the structure perpendicular to the wind direction, and the tower 100 is at the corresponding height. Outer diameter.
  • the lateral amplitude variation of the tower 100 structure caused by the vortex force is:
  • K is the stiffness of the tower 100 structural system (which may include the nacelle);
  • ⁇ is the logarithmic decay rate (about 0.05).
  • the structure of the tower 100 may undergo vortex resonance, and the amplitude of the vibration A is :
  • the stiffness K can be increased or the damping can be increased to reduce the vortex-induced resonance amplitude, such as decreasing the aerodynamic coefficient C and decreasing the upstream wind flow density ⁇ .
  • the Strouhal number the definition of the Storocha number describes the relationship between the vortex shedding frequency, the wind speed, and the diameter of the cylinder.
  • f is the vortex frequency, Hz
  • U is the wind speed of the tower 100 on the wind direction
  • D is a characteristic dimension when the outer surface of the tower 100 structure is swept by a fluid.
  • D in this embodiment refers to the outer diameter of the tower 100 at different heights.
  • the path will change.
  • the path around the periphery of the tower 100 forms an approximately elliptical shape, as described above for the aerodynamic shape.
  • D is the equivalent diameter of the aeroelastic ellipse (heat transfer terminology, which is the diameter of an imaginary circular cross section, that is, the diameter of a non-circular cross section converted into a circular cross section according to the circumference).
  • heat transfer terminology which is the diameter of an imaginary circular cross section, that is, the diameter of a non-circular cross section converted into a circular cross section according to the circumference.
  • the Storocha number can be obtained according to the Reynolds number.
  • the relationship with the Reynolds number can refer to Figure 12.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the Storocha number and the Reynolds number on the outer surface of the tower.
  • the horizontal axis is the Reynolds number and the vertical axis is the Toroha number.
  • the Storocha number is a constant of 0.20.
  • the Storocha number jumps to 0.30 first, then increases to 0.43, and then when the Reynolds number is equal to 2 ⁇ 10.
  • the Stoloha number, D, and U are all available parameters, and f can also be calculated according to the formula of the Stollha number. Accordingly, the amplitude A can also be calculated.
  • the jet stream 202' is ejected in the upward wind direction to disturb the vibration of the tower 100 after disturbing the airflow, and the principle of the vibration damping effect is analyzed as follows:
  • the aerodynamic coefficient C can be reduced from a general 1.2 to about 0.6 or even smaller (such as 0.5), which greatly reduces the resistance and reduces the vibration.
  • the image understands that when the wind is flowing horizontally across the tower 100, the circular aerodynamic shape is in contact with the outer surface of the tower 100, which belongs to a bluff body, and the wind direction needs to be abruptly changed, which will cause a large imbalance force, and the angle of attack changes.
  • the aerodynamic shape is elliptical, and the fluid (ie, air flow) is elongated along the surface of the tower 100 (ie, the downwind direction), and the angle of contact between the fluid and the outer wall of the tower 100 changes, due to the air flow rising.
  • the contact angle is made smaller, and the wind direction is slowly changed, which is beneficial to suppress the occurrence of the flow around the outer wall of the tower 100, thereby suppressing the generation of the unbalanced force of the tower 100 and reducing the air flow.
  • the outer wall of the tower 100 is coupled to the vibration generated by the unbalanced force.
  • the present embodiment introduces a jet 202' between the upwind and the windward side of the tower 100 to interfere with the upwind flow. Then, the jet 202' is mixed with the upwind flow (the jet 202' of the adjacent jet tube 202 is also mixed) to form a local turbulent airflow. As shown in Fig. 6, the pulsating component of the local turbulent airflow destroys the overall windward flow. The correlation is such that the aerodynamic shape of the tower 100 reduces the feedback capability of the mixed turbulent flow.
  • the upwind flow accumulates upward into the upper flow field A of the tower 100, i.e., the flow around the flow contains a large collection of jets 202', the mass content is large, and the lower portion B of the tower 100 There is no accumulation of the flow around the airflow, and there is a gap between the different jet tubes 202.
  • the airflow in the lower part is mostly the airflow flowing up through the airflow between the adjacent jet tubes 202. As a whole, the flow field around the upper A region is wound.
  • the flow velocity is low, the turbulence is high, and the turbulence of the flow field around the lower B region is low, that is, the upper and lower stratification occurs, thereby hindering the formation of vortices on the rear sides of the upper tower 100, and disturbing the upper vortex shedding.
  • Consistency with the lower vortex shedding frequency so that they work together to weaken, reduce or prevent the vortex-induced resonance response of the outer surface boundary layer of the tower 100 when it flows away from the body, thereby preventing the vortex-induced vibration of the upper portion of the tower 100 .
  • the jet 202' interferes with the change in wind speed in the upwind direction, destroys the correlation between the overall wind direction and the flow, and suppresses the induction of vibration.
  • Correlation is an important feature of the pulsating wind, where it is related to the pulsating wind speed at two points (Z 1 , Z 2 ) of the space or the pulsating pressure at two points at different heights on the surface of the tower 100.
  • the correlation coefficient ⁇ is defined as
  • the covariance is the time average of the product of the pulsating wind speed at two altitudes.
  • Each wind speed value on the right side of the equation is subtracted from the respective average with
  • u(t) is the turbulent component of the downwind direction, that is, the pulsating wind speed component in the direction of the average wind speed.
  • the numerator indicates that the tower 100 has different wind speeds at two different heights, and the covariance of the pulsating wind speed.
  • the covariance is the time average of the product of the pulsating wind speed at two altitudes.
  • the overall intensity of turbulence can be measured by the standard deviation of the wind speed or the root mean square.
  • the average component is subtracted from the wind speed, and then the remainder is quantified by the deviation. After the square is deviated, the average is averaged, and finally, the wind speed unit is obtained. Physical quantity, standard deviation is obtained.
  • the correlation coefficient is defined by the correlation coefficient.
  • the covariance of the wind speed at different heights is divided by the standard deviation to obtain the correlation coefficient between the two wind speeds at different heights. The smaller the correlation, the better, hindering the frequency of the vortex at different heights after the vortex is formed, breaking the frequency. Consistency aggregates and grows vortex-induced resonance energy, ie, prevents the growth of vortex-induced resonance, and even causes vortex-induced resonance to disappear.
  • the jet 202' airflow changes the airflow angle of attack of the upwind direction toward the windward side of the tower 100 structure, essentially changing the aerodynamic shape of the tower 100 structure immersed in the wind farm flow field.
  • the upward wind flow is caused to bypass the cross section of the tower 100, and the flow state of the air flow is changed, thereby affecting the pulsation characteristic (or frequency characteristic) of the surface pressure, and changing the local vortex force and the entire upper vortex force of the tower 100 Correlation; the correlation between the vortex force of the upper portion of the tower 100 and the lower vortex force is changed, thereby suppressing the vortex-induced vibration.
  • the jet 202' of the jet tube 202 belongs to the turbulent flow, and the overall turbulence is caused by the mixed disturbance of the upwind flow.
  • the research shows that in the uniform flow field, with the gradual increase of the wind speed, the tower 100 structure absorbs energy from the upwind to the incoming flow, and the energy under the vertical bending frequency (ie, the vertical bending vibration frequency) gradually increases. And a feedback effect on the airflow, a locking phenomenon occurs, and then a vortex-induced resonance occurs. As the wind speed continues to increase, the tower 100 and the airflow coupling vibrations exit the locking phenomenon, and the vortex-induced resonance phenomenon of the tower 100 and the airflow disappears. Therefore, when undisturbed, the upwind flow corresponds to a uniform flow field, and vortex-induced resonance is likely to occur.
  • the tower 100 retaining structure absorbs energy from the upwind flow, and the vibration under the vertical bending frequency is intensified, but the energy at each frequency has The increase, that is to say, the energy of the tower 100 structure excited at each frequency is increased, there is no feedback and locking phenomenon.
  • the structure of the tower 100 absorbs energy from the turbulent flow field, but it is difficult to generate a feedback effect on the incoming flow, so that the locking phenomenon cannot be generated and the vortex-induced resonance cannot be formed. The reason is that there is no pulsating component in the uniform flow field, and the upwind flow does not have energy on each frequency component like turbulence.
  • the upwind flow has a certain turbulence intensity
  • the upwind flow has already had energy of various frequency components, which are highly dispersive and pulsating, and the wind has already carried various energies in the upward flow.
  • the vortex when the airflow passes through the outer surface of the tower 100, the integration of the outer surface of the tower 100 with the upward wind flow occurs on the basis of the vortex in the upwind flow. Therefore, it is not easy to objectively transform the upwind flow into the same vortex as the base frequency of the tower 100 on the basis of the chaotic upwind flow, and it is not easy to generate vortex resonance.
  • the airflow of the jet 202' is easily changed as compared with the spiral mode in the background art, so that it can be adjusted according to the change of the wind speed without increasing the maintenance cost.
  • the spiral is uncontrollable once it is shaped and fixed, as long as there is wind, noise will be generated, correspondingly increase the structural resistance
  • the noise of the jet 202' It can be actively controlled and adjusted.
  • the operation process can be generated in a short time and temporarily to suppress the vibration operation. It can be implemented intermittently to meet the requirements of ecological regulations.
  • the way of jet 202' disturbing vibration reduction can be installed through the tower 100. It is practical to all stages of use.
  • the jet 202' emits the jet 202', and the jet 202' disturbs the upward wind flow (including changing the angle of attack, reducing the flow velocity of the upwind flow, etc.), based on the principles discussed above, can be effective. Vibration suppression.
  • a plurality of jet tubes 202 are disposed on the outer foundation 300 of the tower 100 to eject the jet 202' from the bottom to the top.
  • the vortex force distribution of the fluid-solid coupling of the tower 100 in the height direction is uneven, and the vortex is excited. The force energy is concentrated in the upper portion of the tower 100, and the vibration torque is the largest, so it is necessary to suppress the vortex-induced resonance of the upper portion of the tower 100 at least.
  • the jet 202' is not limited to be emitted upward from the ground, nor is the jet 202' able to reach the top end of the tower 100, as long as the jet 202' can be disturbed in the height direction of the tower 100. At least a part of the windward side of the upper part of the tower 100 may flow upward. As long as a part is disturbed, the part and the rest of the airflow speed, direction and other characteristics are different, then the upper part of the upper part of the flow of the fluid correlation is destroyed, the upper and lower vortex shedding frequency is also disrupted, thereby suppressing vortex vibration.
  • the "upper portion of the upper portion" and "upper portion” described herein may be determined according to the local environment.
  • the upper range may be slightly larger, such as 1/2 of the tower 100.
  • the above parts belong to the upper part; if the vibration is relatively weak, the vibration of the top of the tower 100 is most obvious, then the tower 100 is from top to bottom (ie, vertically from the top of the tower 100 along the tower 100)
  • the 3 or 1/4 part belongs to the upper part.
  • the region of the jet 202' formed by the disposed jet tube 202 does not necessarily cover the entire windward side of the tower 100, for example, only one jet tube 202 is provided, disturbing 60% of the windward side, or other values, obviously It can also play a certain role in suppressing vibration.
  • the jet 202 202 jet reaches only the fourth tower section 104, the upwind direction of the fourth tower section 104 is disturbed, and the upper and lower air flows are also stratified, and the wind is coming up.
  • the vortex shedding on both sides will also be inconsistent, thereby suppressing vortex-induced resonance.
  • the jet 202' is preferably capable of covering the entire windward side area at the upper portion.
  • the jet tube 202 when the jet tube 202 is arranged, it is not necessary to be close to each other, and a certain neutral space can be reserved, so that the lower airflow passes through the front section of the adjacent jet 202', but can ensure that the raised jet 202' can be suitable in the latter stage.
  • the location merges and mixes with the upwind to ensure a disturbing effect.
  • the front and rear sections are in the direction of the jet, the "front” is close to the jet nozzle, and the "back" is away from the jet nozzle.
  • the jet 202' disturbs the upward wind flow to suppress the vibration function based on various aspects, the jet 202' formed by the jet tube 202 can be even if there is almost no neutral, which is equivalent to forming the jet 202' "screen". The overall hindrance of the upwind, and obviously can also suppress vibration.
  • the heater 210 may be further disposed to heat the fluid medium of the jet 202'. As shown in FIG. 5, the heater 210 may be disposed in the air filter 208. Between the gas boosting device 201 and the gas boosting device 201, the heater 210 may be provided downstream of the gas boosting device 201, that is, after the pressurization, the temperature is raised. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the temperature of the jet 202' after the temperature rise is mixed with the upward wind, so that the upward wind flows upward, and the density is lowered. According to the formula (3), the air density ⁇ of the upwind flow is ⁇ .
  • the reduction and the amplitude are reduced, so that the vibration damping effect can be enhanced to some extent.
  • the heated jet 202' can also reach a higher height so as to be actively blended with the upwind flow so that the mixed gas stream contacts the tower 100, forming a tower turbulent layer with sufficient turbulence and forming a certain Angle of attack.
  • the flow is mixed with the upward wind, and the flow field in the lower B region is mostly flowed up through the upper direction of the jet 202'.
  • the temperature is low and there is no accumulation.
  • the stratification of the flow field in the upper A region is intensified, and the density of the upper and lower layers, the viscosity and the Reynolds number are all changed, thereby further destroying the correlation between the upper and lower flow fields, and destroying the frequency of the upper and lower eddy currents. Sex, suppressing vortex-induced resonance. That is, the upwind flow corresponding to the outer surface of the tower 100 of different sections (or sections) of the tower 100, including the heated and unheated airflow, so that the correlation is broken.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the tower 100 provided by the present invention.
  • the middle portion of the tower 100 is provided with a device for suppressing vibration of the tower 100;
  • FIG. 14 is a plan view of FIG. .
  • the device for suppressing the vibration of the tower 100 is mainly disposed on the outer wall of the tower 100, specifically, the jet tube 202 of the jet device is disposed on the outer wall of the tower 100, and in FIG. 13, the second tower segment 102 and the At the location where the three-column section 103 meets, the jet tube 202 also ejects the jet 202' from the bottom up.
  • a jet device is provided at a substantially central portion of the tower 100, and the jet 202' can be directly reached to the upper portion, and the vibration of the upper portion of the tower 100 is reduced by the vibration damping principle of the above analysis.
  • the gas boosting device 201 can ensure that the jet 202' reaches the upper portion of the tower 100 without disturbing the power, disturbing the tower. The upwind of the entire upper part of the flow is 100, and the effect of suppressing vibration is enhanced.
  • the fluidic device is disposed in the middle or above of the tower 100, that is, in the middle or above of the outer (or outer surface) of the tower 100 in the height direction, and the vortex phenomenon occurs when the middle portion or the upper surface of the vertical height of the tower 100 is vortexed.
  • the unbalanced force is larger than the force of the foundation foundation of the tower 100, and the torque is large.
  • the jet device disposed at this position suppresses the lateral wind vibration of the tower 100, and reduces the vertical slip phenomenon between the wind turbine blade surface and the upwind direction, which is beneficial to the wind turbine blade to absorb the wind energy to the maximum extent and increase the power generation. .
  • the above-mentioned jet device can suppress the vortex-induced vibration not only in the hoisting stage but also after the operation, especially in the middle or above of the outer wall of the tower 100, and the equipment is relatively small, and the above effects can be always achieved, and only a small amount is required.
  • the vibration suppression control can be performed at any time.
  • the fluidic device includes a plurality of jet tubes 202 that eject fluid, forming a jet 202', and a plurality of jet tubes 202 are circumferentially distributed along the outer wall of the tower 100.
  • the fluidic device further includes a delivery line for providing the fluid of the jet 202'.
  • the gas boosting device 201 is disposed inside the tower 100.
  • the delivery line specifically includes a fluid distribution mother tube 204, and the fluid distribution mother tube 204 is connected to the plurality of fluid distributions.
  • the branch pipe 211, the fluid distribution branch pipe 211 penetrates the cylinder wall of the tower 100 of the tower 100 to transport the fluid to the jet pipe 202, and the through hole may be prefabricated or later formed in the cylinder wall of the tower 100 to facilitate the passage of the fluid distribution branch pipe 211.
  • the fluidic device may also include components such as an air filter 208, and may be placed inside the tower 100 together with the delivery line and the gas boosting device 201, and may be disposed on the working platform inside the tower 100, A mount can be specially provided depending on the height of the fluidic device.
  • the description will be made by taking the jet device in the middle of the tower 100 as an example. It can be understood that the jet device can also be disposed at other positions on the wall of the tower 100.
  • the jet tubes 202 distributed along the outer circumference of the tower 100 may be fixed to the tower 100 or may be detached for use in other towers. When the peripheral wall of the tower 100 is disposed, the jet tube 202 can be matched with the outer wall of the tower 100.
  • the cross section of the jet tube 202 can be curved, so that the emitted jet 202' better disturbs the airflow at the outer wall of the tower 100, and When the jet tube 202 is sufficiently fitted to the outer wall of the tower 100, the boundary layer airflow at the outer wall can be disturbed, and the cause of the vortex-induced vibration is directly suppressed.
  • the plurality of the jet tubes 202 are disposed, that is, two or more jet points are formed, so that the jet 202' can cover a wider area so as to disturb the upwind direction corresponding to the windward side of the entire tower 100. Enhance the vibration reduction effect.
  • four and eight jet tubes 202 are respectively disposed, and are arranged along the circumference of the tower 100.
  • the opening and closing of each of the jet tubes 202 can be controlled by a control valve to achieve simultaneous, time-sharing or separate operation.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of the eight fluidic tubes 202 provided by the fluidic device of the external foundation 300 of the tower 100;
  • FIG. 16 is a plan view of FIG.
  • the jet tubes 202 in this embodiment are also provided on the external foundation 300, and the number is eight. As described above, the number of the jet tubes 202 can be determined according to actual needs, and can be specifically referred to the jet 202' speed of the jet tube 202, the jet 202' flow rate, the tower 100 size, the local wind speed, and the like.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing the movement of the jet tube 202 in the jet device.
  • the jet tube 202 is located in the west of the tower 100, and the upwind flows from west to east.
  • FIG. 18 is the jet tube 202 in FIG. Moving to the south of the tower 100, the upwind flows from south to north;
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the jet tube 202 moving to the southwest direction of the tower 100 in Fig. 17, and the upwind flows from the southwest to the northeast.
  • the number of the jet tubes 202 is also two or more, but only distributed on the windward side of the tower 100.
  • a circular orbit 203 is provided, and when the upward wind direction changes, the jet tube 202 can move along the circular orbit 203 so that it can always eject the jet 202' in the upward wind direction. 17-19, the positions of the heater 210, the air filter 208, and the gas pressure increasing device 201 also show fluctuations. However, it can be seen that when the length of the pipeline is satisfied, the three do not need to move, of course, follow the jet tube. It is also possible to perform position adjustment by 202, that is to say that the entire jet device can be moved along the track.
  • the track can be set in two parts, which are butt jointed to form an annular track for easy installation and removal.
  • three jet tubes 202 are shown.
  • the jet tubes 202 of the three jet tubes 202 are arcuately distributed.
  • the jet tubes 202 at both ends are spaced the farthest, and the distance between the two can be larger than the diameter of the upper portion of the tower 100. It can be ensured that the jet 202 202 jet can reach at least the entire windward side of the upper portion of the tower 100 when it reaches the upper portion.
  • the track at this time is also a circular track 203, and all the jet tubes 202 are arc-shaped distributed on the circular track 203, so that the jet tube 202 can be moved to any position along the circular track 203.
  • the jet point can be moved, so that there is no need to provide more jet tubes 202, and the number of the jet tubes 202 can be three or other numbers. Under the premise of movement, it can be ensured that the jet 202' can automatically follow the adjustment of the upwind direction in various directions to perform the disturbance.
  • the circular track 203 is located on the ground, is convenient to install, and has a simple structure, thereby achieving the effects of reducing system configuration and saving energy.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view of three movable jet tubes 202 in a straight line.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural view of two movable jet tubes 202 in a straight line.
  • the track is still a circular track 203 (not shown), except that all the jet tubes 202 are distributed along a straight line instead of an arc.
  • each jet The tubes 202 can each be mounted to a pedestal that is movable along a circular track 203.
  • the straight line distribution in this embodiment can also move along a circular orbit to achieve the purpose of disturbing the windward flow on the windward side of the tower 100.
  • the spacing between the two most distant jet tubes is greater than the top diameter of the enclosure, that is, greater than the top diameter of the tower 100.
  • the jet tube 202 is linearly distributed, and the arc distribution is otherwise distributed, and is not limited in practice, as long as it can move to disturb the upwind direction.
  • the track may not be provided, the operator may manually move the jet tube 202, or the mobile cart may move flexibly. But it can be understood that the way the track moves is more convenient.
  • the track is not limited to the circular track 203, and may be a square track or other shape as long as the jet tube 202 can move along it, and may be moved by itself, or all of the jet tubes 202 may be moved by the same mount.
  • the number of the jet tubes 202 is not limited, and other than the three and two jet tubes 202 shown in Figs.
  • the rail may be disposed without a rail.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic view showing the flow of the jet tube 202 in an upward wind direction.
  • the jet tube 202 follows the upward wind direction and is inclined toward the upstream side of the wind direction.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ may be, for example, 10°-30°, and the inclination angle ⁇ refers to the clip of the jet tube 202 and the vertical direction. angle.
  • the magnitude of the tilt angle ⁇ can be determined according to the magnitude of the upward wind flow velocity.
  • the tilt angle ⁇ of the jet tube 202 can match the jet 202' to select a larger angle value;
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the jet tube 202 and the jet 202' can be selected to be smaller angle values.
  • the choice of the tilt angle ⁇ is ultimately matched with the suppression effect. From the principle of vortex-induced resonance, the higher the velocity of the upwind flow, the more obvious the vortex-induced resonance, which is only caused by the vortex-induced resonance. In the wind speed interval, the wind speed is larger, and the inclination angle ⁇ of the jet tube 202 should be increased.
  • the jet tube 202 flows toward the upwind direction, and the tilt angle is adjusted according to the wind speed. It is necessary to refer to the local wind speed and the wind direction, and can be obtained by detecting the wind vane and the anemometer.
  • the wind vane and the anemometer may be components of the tower 100; for the case where the typhoon vibration is suppressed during the hoisting phase of the tower 100, the wind vane and the anemometer may be temporarily fixed, for example, by magnetic adsorption. It is temporarily fixed on the surface of the tower 100, and can also be disposed 5-6 times outside the tower 100, which can reduce the wind speed and the wind direction when the wind is flowing around the tower 100.
  • the jet tube 202 forms a jet 202' from the bottom to the top, and can flow the tilt angle ⁇ upward in the upward direction as required.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ can reach 90 degrees, that is, the jet tube 202 can flow directly toward the upwind direction, so that when the jet 202' of the jet tube 202 can radiate a large range ( For example, it is also possible to provide a plurality of sets of the jet tubes 202 in the height direction.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the plurality of jet tubes 202 of FIG.
  • a fluid delivery manifold and three jet tubes 202 are included.
  • the pneumatic booster delivers pressurized gas to the fluid delivery manifold and is then distributed into the three jet tubes 202.
  • the leftmost jet tube 202 is a conventional jet tube 202, i.e., a generally straight tubular body, and the outlet of the jet 202' is a constriction.
  • the intermediate jet tube 202 is provided with a constricted section 202b for accelerating the flow rate of the jet 202', that is, after the fluid re-enters the jet tube 202, the contracted section 202b can be further accelerated, so that the ejected jet 202' can better face the upwind direction.
  • the flow is disturbed.
  • the middle portion of the jet tube 202 may be concave to form the constricted portion 202b, or as shown in FIG. 23, an arc-shaped stopper is added to the inner wall of the middle portion of the jet tube 202 to narrow the cross section of the corresponding position, thereby forming The segment 202b is shrunk so that the fluid flow therethrough becomes smaller and then enlarged.
  • the rightmost jet tube 202 includes a plurality of pipe segments connected in series, each pipe segment being threadedly coupled, and in the direction of the jet 202', the pipe diameter is reduced.
  • the jet tube 202 is tapered from the bottom to the upper tube, and the fluid can be gradually accelerated, and the length can also be It is of course also possible to process an integrated tube 20 having a tapered diameter.
  • FIG. 23 shows the jet tube 202 of the three structures, which is only for convenience of comparison. In practical applications, the jet tube 202 of the same structure may be used. Of course, any combination is also possible, and the number of the jet tubes 202 is obviously not limited. .
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic structural view of a jet tube 202 with an annular swirl channel 202c.
  • FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
  • the jet 202' ejected by the jet tube 202 includes a rotating jet and a direct current jet.
  • the inner cavity at the end of the jet tube 202 is provided with an annular swirl channel 202c, and the middle portion of the annular swirl channel 202c is a direct current channel 202d. That is, when the fluid enters the jet tube 202, a part of the fluid flows out through the central DC channel 202d, and another part of the fluid flows out through the annular swirl channel 202c around the DC channel 202d.
  • the DC jet and the annular jet can be mixed before and after the injection, and the speed is relatively high.
  • the jet 202' with high rotational energy has better disturbing the upward wind flow, further destroying the formation of vortex-induced vibration, and is beneficial to achieve better vibration damping effect.
  • a single DC or rotating fluid can also disturb the upwind flow, but in comparison, DC can reach higher altitudes and have higher momentum, while the rotating fluid has turbulent characteristics that are conducive to airflow disturbance.
  • a combination of direct current and rotating fluid is a better solution.
  • the rotating fluid in order to facilitate the direct current energy of the direct current in the direction of the direct current, the rotating fluid can be smoothly emitted, and only one annular swirling passage 202c is provided at the end of the jet tube 202.
  • the annular swirl channel 202c is specifically formed, and the guide vanes can be disposed on the inner wall of the jet tube 202, which is simple and easy.
  • the annular swirl channel 202c is located on the outer circumference of the direct current channel 202d to facilitate the installation of the structure forming the annular swirl channel 202c.
  • the positional relationship of the swirling passage and the direct current passage 202d is not limited as long as it is possible to form a swirling flow and a direct current so that the two are mixed to form the jet 202'.
  • the above-described straight tube flow tube 202, the jet tube 202 having the constricted portion 202b, and the threaded segment 202a of the jet tube 202 may also be provided with the above-described annular swirl channel 202c and DC channel 202d.
  • FIG. 26 is a control block diagram of the vibration suppression tower 100 according to the present invention.
  • the device for suppressing the vibration of the tower 100 further includes a working controller 207, and an air velocity detector and a wind direction detector for detecting the wind speed and the wind direction of the air of the tower 100, and the working controller 207 can control the jet of the jet device according to the detected wind speed and the wind direction.
  • the flow rate of 202' and the direction of the jet 202' can be performed.
  • the jet 202' is used to disturb the upwind flow.
  • the jet 202' speed can be increased, and the upward wind direction can be inclined, that is, the flow reverses from the upwind direction.
  • the jet 202' component reduces the wind speed faster; and at the same time controls the opening of the corresponding jet tube 202 according to the wind direction (for example, in Figure 16, the left three jet tubes 202 can be opened, the remaining jet tubes 202 are closed), or the jet is made
  • the tube 202 is moved to a position corresponding to the measured wind direction, i.e., the distance the jet tube 202 is moved along the aforementioned track.
  • a vibration detector 205 for detecting the vibration amplitude of the tower 100 may be further provided.
  • the vibration detector 205 may be closely attached to the inner surface or the outer surface of the tower 100 by a magnetic chuck.
  • adjustment can be made based on the detected vibration amplitude feedback, and the jet 202' speed is increased or decreased according to the vibration amplitude, and the jet 202' tilt angle ⁇ is adjusted.
  • the work controller 207 is provided in the gas boosting device 201, and the vibration information wireless receiver 209 may be further disposed on the gas boosting device 201 to receive the vibration information detected by the vibration detector 205.
  • the installation position of the vibration detector 205 may be located at the upper portion of the tower 100, and the working controller 207 is disposed at the height of the gas boosting device 201, and the manner of wireless transmission is more convenient for system layout.
  • a flow rate meter 206 is also provided in each of the jet tubes 202 in FIG. 4 to measure the flow rate so that the work controller 207 controls the gas boosting device 201 to adjust the flow rate in accordance with the desired flow rate.
  • the flow rate measurement here can be obtained by detecting the pressure, and specifically, the position to be tested of the jet tube 202 can be connected to the pressure sensor through a connecting pipe.
  • a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the local ambient air may also be provided.
  • the work controller 207 adjusts the fluidic device more comprehensively depending on the air temperature.
  • the heating temperature needs to be increased, and when the air temperature is low, the heating temperature is also lowered accordingly.
  • the work controller 207, the wind direction detector, the wind speed detector, the temperature sensor, the vibration detector 205, and the like constitute a servo control system that prevents the induced vibration, and the control jet device emits the jet 202' to effectively suppress the vibration.
  • the tower 100 when the tower 100 is hoisted, as shown in FIG. 4, the tower 100 is segmented and hoisted, and during the hoisting process, the jet 202' is flowed toward the upwind of the tower 100 to In the height direction of the cylinder 100, the disturbance corresponds to at least a portion of the upwind direction on the windward side of the upper portion of the tower 100, and then the corresponding tower section is hoisted.
  • the jets 202' may be first ejected and then hoisted in sequence, i.e., between the sections 100 of the towers, i.e., the jets 202' are ejected. It is also possible to selectively initiate lifting according to a specific wind analysis, for example, first lifting the first tower section 101, the second tower section 102, and the third tower section 103, since the fourth tower section 104 and the fifth tower
  • the position of the barrel section 105 is relatively high and is susceptible to vibration and obstruction.
  • the jetting device can be turned on and adjusted in real time according to the wind direction, wind speed and temperature.
  • the vibration detector 205 can be set in each of the 100 segments to grasp the vibration information.
  • the inventor of this case conducted a long-term field investigation on the construction of high-altitude and high-altitude wind farms, and solved the technical obstacles faced by such on-site installations from the technical route innovation.
  • the present embodiment increases the angle of attack and aerodynamic shape of the original upwind direction around the tower 10 in the vicinity of the tower 10 installed in the wind farm construction process, and destroys the tower.
  • correlation length L is defined as Therefore, the relevant length is the area under the curve with the y-axis as the horizontal axis, y is the distance between the two points of the tower block or the different heights on the tower section, and the non-natural force is interposed around the tower 10
  • the air flow field generating device that is, the jet device, causes the system to damage the flow field on the surface of the tower 10 and its vicinity, prevents the occurrence of vortex-induced vibration on both sides of the leeward side behind the tower 10, and prevents the tower 10 from vortexing.
  • the response, amplification of the vortex response, and suppression of the tower 10 are induced to vibrate.
  • the jet device can continue to function to prevent the wind from coming up and causing vibration, causing damage to the structure of the completed tower 100.
  • the medium of the jet 202' is mainly described by taking air as an example, but it is obvious that the medium of the jet 202' is not limited thereto.
  • the medium of the jet 202' at this time can be directly taken as seawater, and the seawater disturbs the upward wind flow, and can also disturb the airflow to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction, and the material is convenient.
  • the above embodiment mainly uses the tower 100 as an example. It can be understood that similar enclosure structures can use the above-mentioned jet device to suppress vortex-induced vibration, such as a television tower, a wind tower, and the like.

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  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil pour supprimer la vibration d'une construction fermée de l'extérieur, et un procédé pour lever un corps de tour (100). Dans le procédé, un jet (202') est éjecté vers une circulation d'air entrant face au vent du corps de tour (100) de façon à perturber, dans la direction de la hauteur du corps de tour (100), au moins une partie de la circulation d'air entrant face au vent correspondant à un côté face au vent supérieur du corps de tour (100). En projetant le jet (202') sur la circulation d'air entrant face au vent, la vitesse du vent peut être réduite et la configuration aérodynamique peut être modifiée, la résistance peut être augmentée, et l'effet de réduction des vibrations peut être obtenu. De plus, le phénomène de stratification de flux d'air peut apparaître pour la construction fermée de l'extérieur, ce qui permet de perturber la cohérence des fréquences de décollage de vortex supérieur et de décollage de vortex inférieur et d'empêcher la vibration d'être induite par un vortex supérieur de la construction fermée de l'extérieur. Après avoir été perturbé par le jet (202'), la circulation d'air entrant face au vent a une certaine intensité de turbulence, possède la performance de pulsation et ne provoque pas facilement une vibration induite par vortex. Le procédé mentionné ci-dessus peut réaliser un ajustement en fonction d'un changement de la vitesse du vent tout en réduisant l'influence de la vibration induite par vortex, sans augmenter le coût de la construction. De plus, le jet (202') crée moins de bruit. En outre, le procédé de réduction des vibrations au moyen de la distribution par le jet (202') peut exister dans tous les étages de la construction fermée de l'extérieur à partir de l'installation à utiliser, et revêt d'une importance pratique.
PCT/CN2018/077075 2017-09-11 2018-02-24 Procédé et appareil de suppression de vibration pour construction protégée de l'extérieur, et procédé de levage de corps de tour WO2019047483A1 (fr)

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EP3591221A1 (fr) * 2018-07-03 2020-01-08 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Changement de résonance électrique dans une éolienne
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CN113774953A (zh) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-10 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 单桩基础保护装置和方法、海上风力发电机和发电方法
CN115538284B (zh) * 2022-10-11 2023-09-12 高速铁路建造技术国家工程研究中心 一种基于零质量射流的扁平箱梁主动控制结构和方法

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