WO2019042508A1 - Système de transport pour déplacer des composants de transmission - Google Patents

Système de transport pour déplacer des composants de transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019042508A1
WO2019042508A1 PCT/DK2018/050203 DK2018050203W WO2019042508A1 WO 2019042508 A1 WO2019042508 A1 WO 2019042508A1 DK 2018050203 W DK2018050203 W DK 2018050203W WO 2019042508 A1 WO2019042508 A1 WO 2019042508A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drive train
sledge
guiding
sliding rail
train component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2018/050203
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Riccardo CINGOLANI
Joris KOFMAN
Kim Bredo Rahbek
Original Assignee
Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vestas Wind Systems A/S filed Critical Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Publication of WO2019042508A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019042508A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/40—Arrangements or methods specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05B2230/61—Assembly methods using auxiliary equipment for lifting or holding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/70—Disassembly methods
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transportation system for moving drive train components of a wind turbine.
  • the transportation system of the invention comprises one or more sliding rails and one or more sledges, each being configured to be movably attached to a sliding rail and to be attached to a drive train component to be moved.
  • the invention further relates to a sledge for such a transportation system.
  • WO 2012/079579 Al discloses a transportation system for transporting at least one drive train component of a wind turbine.
  • the transportation system comprises one or more transportation rails being arranged to support the at least one drive train component during displacement thereof.
  • WO 2013/075717 A2 discloses a tool for moving a drive train component in a nacelle of a horizontal axis wind turbine.
  • the tool comprises a drive unit for moving the component in relation to the nacelle in a direction parallel to the rotational axis of the rotor, and a plurality of position adjustment devices adapted to be located between the nacelle structure and the component, and distributed so that rotational movement of the component can be provided by coordinated control of the position adjustment devices.
  • the invention provides a transportation system for moving drive train components of a wind turbine, the wind turbine comprising a tower and one or more nacelles mounted on the tower, at least one of the nacelle(s) housing one or more drive train components, the transportation system comprising : - one or more sliding rails configured to carry a drive train component during
  • each sledge comprises a guiding part comprising a guiding track, the guiding part being configured to be mounted movably on a sliding rail, and a mating part comprising a protruding part being arranged in engagement with the guiding track of the guiding part, the mating part being configured to be attached to a drive train component, and wherein relative movement between the guiding part and the mating part of one or more sledges causes a change in orientation of a drive train component having the sledge(s) attached thereto, relative to the sliding rail(s), due to the protruding part of the mating part moving along the guiding track of the guiding part.
  • the invention provides a transportation system for moving drive train components of a wind turbine.
  • the wind turbine comprises a tower and one or more nacelles mounted on the tower. It should be noted that the wind turbine may have only one nacelle mounted on the tower. In this case the nacelle may advantageously be mounted on top of the tower.
  • Such wind turbines are sometimes referred to as 'single rotor wind turbines'.
  • the wind turbine may have two or more nacelles mounted on the tower.
  • Such wind turbines are sometimes referred to a 'multi rotor wind turbines'.
  • the tower may be provided with one or more arms extending away from a main tower part, each arm carrying one or more nacelles.
  • the nacelle' should be interpreted to mean the nacelle mounted on top of the tower in the case that the wind turbine is a single rotor wind turbine, and one of the two or more nacelles mounted on the tower in the case that the wind turbine is a multi rotor wind turbine.
  • At least one of the nacelles houses one or more drive train components.
  • the term 'drive train component' should be interpreted to mean a component of the wind turbine which forms part of the drive train of the wind turbine.
  • the drive train component could be or form part of a main bearing, a main shaft, a gearbox or a generator.
  • the drive train component could be in the form of one or more stages of a gearbox.
  • the transportation system according to the first aspect of the invention comprises one or more sliding rails and one or more sledges.
  • Each sliding rail is configured to carry a drive train component during movement.
  • the weight of the drive train component is carried by the sliding rail(s).
  • the drive train component may be supported by the sliding rail(s) from below, or it may be suspended from the sliding rail(s).
  • the sliding rail(s) may also be configured to carry an additional drive train component which is not currently being moved. For instance, one drive train component may need to be moved before another, desired drive train component can be moved. In this case the first drive train component may be carried by the sliding rail(s), thereby being temporarily 'stored' while the other drive train component is being moved.
  • Each sledge is movably connected to a sliding rail, and is configured to be attached to a drive train component.
  • each sledge is able to move relative to the sliding rail to which it is connected. Simultaneously, it is attached to a drive train component. Therefore, moving sledges attached to a given drive train component relative to the respective sliding rail(s) results in the drive train component performing a corresponding movement relative to the sliding rail(s).
  • the drive train component is moved along the sliding rail(s) by means of the sledge(s).
  • the relative movement between the sledge and the sliding rail may be a sliding movement, i.e. the sledge may slide along the sliding rail and the sliding rail and the sledge may be provided with corresponding surfaces allowing this sliding movement with little friction.
  • the sledge may comprise one or more wheels arranged in contact with the sliding rail, or the sliding rail may comprise one or more wheels arranged in contact with the sledge. In this case the relative movement between the sledge and the sliding rail may take place via rotation of the one or more wheels.
  • Movement of the sledge relative to the sliding rail may, e.g., be provided by means of one or more hydraulic cylinders, e.g. mounted on or forming part of the sledge.
  • one end of the hydraulic cylinder(s) may be connected to the sliding rail, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder(s) may be connected to the sledge. Contraction and expansion of the hydraulic cylinder(s) thereby provide the relative movement between the sliding rail and the sledge.
  • the sledge may further be provided with a locking mechanism, which facilitates locking of the relative movement between the sliding rail and the sledge.
  • the main direction of movement of a given sledge relative to the sliding rail to which it is connected is preferably defined by an orientation of the sliding rail.
  • the sliding rail(s) may, e.g., be in the form of prismatic members or essentially prismatic members, defining a substantially linear direction.
  • the relative movement between the sledge and the sliding rail may mainly be a substantially linear movement along the substantially linear direction defined by the sliding rail.
  • minor movements of the sledge relative to the sliding rail take place along directions which differ from the
  • substantially linear direction This could, e.g., be in order to adjust an orientation of the drive train component relative to the sliding rail. This will be described in further detail below.
  • sliding rails are in the form of non-prismatic members.
  • the sliding rails may advantageously be in the form of beams.
  • Each sledge comprises a guiding part comprising a guiding track, the guiding part being configured to be mounted movably on a sliding rail, and a mating part comprising a protruding part being arranged in engagement with the guiding track of the guiding part, the mating part being configured to be attached to a drive train component, and relative movement between the guiding part and the mating part of one or more sledges causes a change in orientation of a drive train component having the sledge(s) attached thereto, relative to the sliding rail(s), due to the protruding part of the mating part moving along the guiding track of the guiding part.
  • each sledge is of a kind which comprises a guiding part and a mating part.
  • the guiding part is configured to be mounted movably on a sliding rail, and the mating part is configured to be attached to a drive train component.
  • the guiding part comprises a guiding track
  • the mating part comprises a protruding part being arranged in engagement with the guiding track of the guiding part.
  • the protruding part of the mating part may move relative to the guiding part along a path defined by the guiding track, and thereby the mating part and the guiding part are allowed to perform corresponding movements relative to each other.
  • the drive train component Since the mating part is attached to the drive train component, the drive train component is thereby allowed to perform movements relative to the guiding part, corresponding to the path defined by the guiding track.
  • This may be used for changing the orientation of the drive train component in the following manner.
  • the guiding part and the mating part may be caused to move relative to each other.
  • the protruding part of the mating part is forced to move along the path defined by the guiding track of the guiding part.
  • This causes the mating part, and thereby the drive train component, to move relative to the guiding part, along the path defined by the guiding track, and this in turn causes a change in orientation of the drive train component relative to the sliding rail(s).
  • Causing a protruding part to move along a guiding track is a very simple and reliable way of providing a change in orientation of a drive train component.
  • the change in orientation of the drive train component could, e.g., be in the form of a linear movement along a direction being substantially perpendicular to the direction defined by the main shaft of the wind turbine.
  • the change in orientation of the drive train component could, e.g., be a rotation of the drive train component about a rotational axis defined by the main shaft of the wind turbine.
  • the change in orientation of the drive train component could, e.g., be a rotation of the drive train component about a rotational axis being substantially perpendicular to the rotational axis defined by the main shaft of the wind turbine.
  • The could, e.g., result in a change in inclination of the drive train component relative to the rotational axis defined by the main shaft of the wind turbine.
  • Each sledge may be provided with one or more actuators arranged to cause relative movement between the guiding part and the mating part of the sledge, thereby causing the protruding part of the mating part to move along the guiding track of the guiding part.
  • the relative movement between the guiding part and the mating part which causes the protruding part of the mating part to move along the guiding track of the guiding part is provided by appropriate operation of the one or more actuators.
  • the relative movement between the guiding part and the mating part of the sledge may be provided in any other suitable manner, such as by rotating an element with an outer thread with respect to another element with a corresponding inner thread.
  • the relative movement between the guiding part and the mating part of the sledge may be provided by the rotation of eccentric members with relation to each other.
  • the transportation system may comprise at least three sledges. This will allow the orientation of the drive train component to be adjusted with respect to six degrees of freedom in the manner described below.
  • the three sledges may be arranged in such a manner that two of the sledges are attached to one side of the drive train component, while the third sledge is attached to an opposite side of the drive train component.
  • the transportation system may comprise one or two sledges. It may still be possible to allow the orientation of the drive train component to be adjusted with respect to six degrees of freedom using only two sledges.
  • one of the sledges may be provided with two guiding tracks and/or two protruding parts, allowing two parts of the sledge to be operated independently of each other, thereby allowing the movement patterns described above to be obtained.
  • the mating part of at least one of the sledges may further comprise a portion being configured to be attached to a drive train component, and the portion being configured to be attached to a drive train component and the rest of the mating part may be configured to perform relative movements with respect to each other along a direction which differs from a direction of relative movement of the guiding part and the mating part.
  • At least one of the sledges essentially comprises three parts, i.e. the guiding part, the mating part and the portion being configured to be attached to a drive train component.
  • the guiding part and the mating part are arranged to perform relative movements with respect to each other as described above.
  • the portion being configured to be attached to a drive train component and the rest of the mating part are arranged to perform relative movements with respect to each other.
  • the orientation of the drive train component is still adjusted in accordance with the movement of the protruding part along the path defined by the guiding track.
  • the relative movement between the portion being configured to be attached to a drive train component and the rest of the mating part allows for small misalignments to be automatically adjusted, thereby avoiding tensions and loads caused by such misalignments.
  • At least one sledge may be provided with one or more actuators arranged to cause relative movement between the portion being configured to be attached to a drive train component and rest of the mating part.
  • the relative movement between the portion being configured to be attached to a drive train component and the rest of the mating part is provided by appropriate operation of the one or more actuators.
  • the relative movement may be provided in any other suitable manner.
  • At least one sledge may further comprise a spherical joint allowing relative rotational movements between the guiding part and the mating part of the sledge.
  • a spherical joint allows any misalignments between the drive train component and the sliding rail(s), and thereby between the guiding part and the mating part, to be handled, thereby reducing the risk of excessive loads or tension on the parts of the transporting system.
  • the sledge is of the kind where the mating part comprises a portion being configured to be attached to a drive train component
  • the spherical joint may advantageously form part of the mating part.
  • the transportation system may further comprise a moving mechanism for moving the sledge(s) and a drive train component along the sliding rail(s).
  • a drive train component which is attached to one or more sledges in the manner described above, can be moved along the sliding rail(s) by means of the moving mechanism. Thereby the drive train component can be mounted on or unmounted from the drive train of the wind turbine.
  • the moving mechanism may, e.g., comprise a toothed rack and at least one gear wheel arranged to engage with the toothed rack.
  • the toothed rack may be arranged on one of the sliding rail(s) and the gear wheel(s) may be arranged on the sledge(s), or vice versa.
  • the sledge(s), and thereby a drive train component being attached to the sledge(s) is/are moved along the sliding rail(s) by rotating the gear wheel(s), thereby causing relative movements between the gear wheel(s) and the toothed rack, due to the engagement between the toothed rack and the gear wheel(s).
  • the moving mechanism may comprise at least two pistons, each piston being provided with an engagement mechanism allowing the piston to be fixed relative to a sliding rail.
  • the sledge(s), and thereby a drive train component being attached to the sledge(s) is/are moved along the sliding rail(s) by appropriately operating the pistons.
  • the pistons may advantageously be operated in such a manner that the engagement mechanism of at least one of the pistons is activated at any time. Thereby it can be ensured that the sledge(s) is/are not unintentionally moved in a reverse direction, i.e. in a direction which is opposite to a direction in which the sledge(s) is/are moved by means of the pistons.
  • two pistons may be alternatingly operated to move the sledge(s) and to be fixed, thereby preventing reverse movement of the sledge(s).
  • This is particularly relevant in the case that the sliding rail(s) is/are inclined with respect to a horizontal level, and the sledge(s) may therefore slide along the sliding rail(s) due to gravity acting on the drive train component and the sledge(s).
  • the moving mechanism may comprise a piston, the piston being provided with an engagement mechanism allowing the piston to be fixed relative to the sliding rail and a locking mechanism allowing the sledge to be fixed relative to the sliding rail.
  • the sledge is moved along the sliding rail(s) by appropriately operating the piston and the locking mechanism. This may, e.g., be done in the following manner.
  • the locking mechanism may be activated, thereby fixing the sledge relative to the sliding rail.
  • the piston is fixed relative to the sliding rail, by means of the engagement mechanism.
  • the locking mechanism is then deactivated, thereby allowing the sledge to move relative to the sliding rail, and the piston is operated in order to move the sledge.
  • the locking mechanism is once again activated, fixing the sledge relative to the sliding rail in the new position, and the piston is moved to a new position, where it is fixed relative to the sliding rail. This is repeated until the sledge, and thereby the drive train component, has been moved a desired distance along the sliding rail.
  • each sledge may be configured to perform relative movements independently of relative movements between guiding parts and mating parts of any other sledge.
  • the sledges can be operated individually, thereby allowing the orientation of the drive train component to be adjusted with respect to several degrees of freedom, as described above.
  • At least one sledge may further comprise a holding part being configured to hold a relative position between the guiding part and the mating part of the sledge.
  • the holding part could, e.g., be in the form of a fork shaped part which may guide the protruding part of the mating part along the guiding track of the guiding part. Thereby it is prevented that the guiding part and the mating part perform relative movements when this is not intended. Accordingly, a given mutual position between the guiding part and the mating part, and thereby a given orientation of the drive train component, can be maintained whenever this is desired, by means of the holding part.
  • At least one sliding rail may comprise two or more rail modules.
  • the rail modules may, e.g., be detachably connected to each other along a longitudinal direction of the sliding rail.
  • the longitudinal direction of the sliding rail could, e.g., define a direction of linear movement of a drive train component.
  • the direction of movement could, e.g., be the substantially linear direction described above.
  • Each rail module may advantageously define a longitudinal direction, and the rail modules may be attached sequentially, one after the other or end to end, along this direction.
  • each sliding rail may be modular, i.e. it may be made from two or more separate pieces which are attached to each other in order to form the sliding rail. This has several advantages.
  • the rail modules can be handled separately and assembled in the nacelle, at the position where the sliding rail is supposed to be installed.
  • This is a great advantage in large wind turbines, where the drive train components to be moved are large and heavy, thereby requiring relatively long sliding rails.
  • Due to the modular design it is still possible to pass the sliding rail(s), rail module by rail module, through a normal service hatch in the nacelle, and the rail modules can easily be moved around inside the nacelle, e.g. from the service hatch to the position where the sliding rail is supposed to be installed. For instance, this makes it possible to provide the sliding rail(s) in a temporary manner, i.e. the rail modules may be transported to the nacelle and assembled into the sliding rail(s) when movement of a drive train component is required, and the sliding rail(s) may be
  • At least one sliding rail may be attached directly to a drive train component.
  • at least one of the sliding rails is mounted on a part of the drive train by attaching it to a drive train component.
  • a rail module which forms an end of a sliding rail may be attached to a drive train component being arranged at one end of the drive train, e.g. a main bearing housing.
  • the other rail modules may then be attached to this rail module, possibly via other rail modules in the sequence of rail modules described above.
  • the drive train components which are not attached to the sliding rail can then be moved along the sliding rail, in the manner described above.
  • One advantage of attaching at least one of the sliding rail(s) directly to a drive train component as described above is that it is thereby possible to provide an interface portion on the drive train component which defines an appropriate orientation of the sliding rail with respect to an axis of rotation of the drive train. This reduces the time required for aligning the sliding rails as well as the amount of required adjustments of the orientation of a drive train component during movement. Furthermore, some of the drive train components, e.g. the main bearing housing, are large and heavy, and are therefore capable of handling substantive loads. It is therefore an advantage to use such a drive train component as an attachment point, and thereby a point of load transfer, for the sliding rail.
  • the transportation system may comprise at least two sliding rails extending below a centre of gravity of the drive train components.
  • at least two sliding rails are arranged below the centre of gravity of the drive train, e.g. completely below the drive train, thereby allowing a drive train component being moved to rest on the sliding rails, i.e. the drive train component is supported by the sliding rails from below.
  • the invention provides a sledge for use in a transportation system according to the first aspect of the invention, the sledge comprising a guiding part comprising a guiding track, the guiding part being configured to be mounted movably on a sliding rail, and a mating part comprising a protruding part being arranged in engagement with the guiding track of the guiding part, the mating part being configured to be attached to a drive train component, wherein relative movement between the guiding part and the mating part of one or more sledges causes a change in orientation of a drive train component having the sledge(s) attached thereto, relative to the sliding rail(s), due to the protruding part of the mating part moving along the guiding track of the guiding part.
  • the invention provides a wind turbine comprising a tower and one or more nacelles mounted on the tower, at least one of the nacelle(s) housing one or more drive train components and a transportation system according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the wind turbine according to the third aspect of the invention has already been described in detail above with reference to the first aspect of the invention.
  • At least one of the drive train components may be provided with one or more interface portions configured to have a mating part of a sledge attached thereto.
  • the mating part of the sledge can be easily attached to the drive train component. Furthermore, it is easily ensured that the sledge is attached to the drive train component at an appropriate position and with an appropriate relative orientation between the sledge and the drive train component.
  • the interface portions may also be used for attaching a sliding rail to the drive train component.
  • the sliding rail may be attached directly to the drive train component via one of the interface portions.
  • interface portions can be used for attaching a sledge as well as for attaching a sliding rail
  • only one kind of interface portion is required in order to allow a sliding rail to be mounted in the nacelle in a manner which is appropriate in relation to which drive train component requires movement, and in order to allow any of the drive train components to be attached to one or more sledges in order to move the drive train component.
  • the invention provides a method for mounting a drive train component in a wind turbine comprising a tower and one or more nacelles mounted on the tower, at least one of the nacelle(s) housing one or more drive train components, the method comprising the steps of: mounting one or more sliding rails in an interior part of the nacelle, movably mounting at least one sledge on each sliding rail, each sledge comprising a guiding part comprising a guiding track, the guiding part being configured to be mounted movably on a sliding rail, and a mating part comprising a protruding part being arranged in engagement with the guiding track of the guiding part, the mating part being configured to be attached to a drive train component, - attaching each sledge to a drive train component to be mounted, moving the drive train component to be mounted along the sliding rail(s) by means of the sledge(s), and
  • the method according to the fourth aspect of the invention may advantageously take place in a wind turbine according to the third aspect of the invention, using a transporting system according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the remarks set forth above are therefore equally applicable here.
  • one or more sliding rails is/are initially mounted in an interior part of the nacelle.
  • the sliding rail(s) could, e.g., be mounted directly on a drive train component and/or the sliding rail(s) could comprise two or more rail modules, as described above.
  • each sledge comprises a guiding part comprising a guiding track and a mating part comprising a protruding part being arranged in engagement with the guiding track of the guiding part.
  • the guiding part is configured to be mounted movably on a sliding rail.
  • the sledge is mounted movably on the sliding rail via the guiding part.
  • the mating part is configured to be attached to a drive train component.
  • each sledge is attached to a drive train component to be mounted, via the mating part. Thereby the drive train component is allowed to move relative to and along the sliding rails by means of the sledges, as described above.
  • the drive train component to be mounted is moved along the sliding rail(s) by means of the sledge(s).
  • the drive train component is preferably moved in a direction towards another drive train component forming part of the drive train of the wind turbine.
  • the drive train component to be mounted is attached to another drive train component.
  • the method may further comprise the step of adjusting an orientation of the drive train component to be mounted relative to the sliding rail(s) by performing relative movements between the guiding part and the mating part of at least one sledge, prior to attaching the drive train component to be mounted to another drive train component. This could, e.g., be done in the manner described above with reference to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the invention provides a method for unmounting a drive train component of a wind turbine comprising a tower and one or more nacelles mounted on the tower, at least one of the nacelle(s) housing one or more drive train components, the method comprising the steps of: mounting one or more sliding rails in an interior part of the nacelle, movably mounting at least one sledge on each sliding rail, each sledge comprising a guiding part comprising a guiding track, the guiding part being configured to be mounted movably on a sliding rail, and a mating part comprising a protruding part being arranged in engagement with the guiding track of the guiding part, the mating part being configured to be attached to a drive train component,
  • the method according to the fifth aspect of the invention is very similar to the method according to the fourth aspect of the invention, and the remarks set forth above with reference to the fourth aspect of the invention are therefore equally applicable here.
  • the method of the fifth aspect of the invention is for unmounting a drive train component of a wind turbine
  • the method of the fourth aspect of the invention is for mounting a drive train component in a wind turbine.
  • one or more sliding rails is/are initially mounted in the nacelle, and the drive train component to be unmounted is movably attached to the sliding rail(s) by means of the sledges, essentially in the manner described above with reference to the fourth aspect of the invention.
  • the drive train component to be unmounted is detached from the drive train, and the drive train component is moved along the sliding rail(s) by means of the sledge(s).
  • Figs. 1-29 illustrate a wind turbine and a method according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figs. 30-32 illustrate a sledge for use in a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a single rotor wind turbine 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the wind turbine 1 comprises a tower 2 and a nacelle 3 mounted on the tower 2.
  • the wind turbine 1 further comprises a rotor 4 carrying three wind turbine blades 5.
  • a rail module 6 is in the process of being hoisted towards the nacelle 3 in order to allow the rail module 6 to pass through a hatch 7 formed in a lower part of the nacelle 3.
  • the rail module 6 may, e.g., be hoisted by means of an onboard crane (not visible) arranged in the nacelle 3.
  • Fig. 2 the rail module 6 has been hoisted to the nacelle 3, and is now being handled inside the nacelle 3 by means of an onboard crane 8.
  • the rail module 6 is being moved along a drive train comprising a number of drive train components in the form of a main bearing housing 9, a gearbox 10 and a generator 11.
  • the main bearing housing 9 houses a main bearing which rotatably supports the main shaft of the wind turbine, and the main shaft.
  • the gearbox 10 houses a gear system.
  • the main bearing housing 9 is provided with interface portions 12 configured to have a rail module 6 attached thereto.
  • This allows the rail module 6 to be mounted on the main bearing housing 9 accurately at a desired position and with a desired orientation or inclination with respect to the main bearing housing 9. Furthermore, it allows easy attachment of the rail module 6 to the main bearing housing 9.
  • the gearbox 10 and/or the generator 11 could be provided with similar interface portions, thereby allowing a rail module 6 to be attached to the gearbox 10 or to the generator 11.
  • the interface portions 12 may also be used for attaching a sledge to one of the drive train components 9, 10, 11 in order to move the drive train component 9, 10, 11. This will be described in further detail below. In this case it is only necessary to provide a given drive train component 9, 10, 11 with a single kind of interface portion 12 in order to allow easy attachment of a rail module 6 as well as easy attachment of a sledge to the drive train component 9, 10, 11.
  • the rail module 6 has been bolted to the main bearing housing 9 at the interface portions 12. It can be seen that the orientation or inclination of the rail module 6 is determined by the position and design of the interface portions 12. It can also be seen that the orientation or inclination of the rail module 6 is such that it extends along a direction which is substantially parallel to a longitudinal direction of the drive train, i.e. parallel to a direction defined by the main shaft of the wind turbine.
  • a second rail module 13 has been hoisted into the nacelle 3 and attached to an end part of the first rail module 6, which is illustrated in Fig. 3. Accordingly, the second rail module 13 is arranged in continuation of the first rail module 6, and the rail modules 6, 13 extend along the same direction.
  • the second rail module 13 is only attached to the first rail module 6, i.e. the second rail module 13 is not attached to the gearbox 10 or the generator 11. Thereby it is possible for the gearbox 10 and the generator 11 to move relative to the rail modules 6, 13. This will be described in further detail below.
  • a third rail module 14 has been hoisted into the nacelle 3 and attached to an end part of the second rail module 13, in a similar manner as the second rail module 13 is attached to the first rail module 6.
  • the three rail modules 6, 13, 14 thereby form a modular sliding rail 15 extending along a direction which is defined by the main shaft of the wind turbine.
  • the sliding rail 15 is modular, because this allows the rail modules 6, 13, 14 to be provided and handled separately, and assembled to form the sliding rail 15 inside the nacelle 3. For instance, it is thereby possible to pass the rail modules 6, 13, 14 through the service hatch 7 of the nacelle 3, and the rail modules 6, 13, 14 can be handled by the onboard crane 8. Yet, it is still possible to form long sliding rails 15 capable of handling large and heavy drive train components 9, 10, 11, in a manner which will be described below.
  • Fig. 6 it can be seen that a corresponding modular sliding rail 15 has been assembled on the opposite side of the drive train. Thereby the sliding rails 15 extend in parallel on opposite sides of the drive train components 9, 10, 11, and at a level which is below the centre of gravity of the drive train components 9, 10, 11. This allows the drive train components 9, 10, 11 to be supported by the sliding rails 15 from below.
  • a support structure 16 has been arranged between a load carrying structure 17 of the nacelle 3 and end parts of the sliding rails 15 corresponding to free ends of the third rail modules 14.
  • the support structure 16 ensures that the sliding rails 15 are supported on the load carrying structure 17 of the nacelle 3. Accordingly, the sliding rails 15 are each supported at one end by the connection between the first rail module 6 and the interface portion 12 of the main bearing housing 9, and at the opposite end by the support structure 16.
  • Fig. 7 the inclination of the sliding rails 15 is adjusted as indicated by arrows 18. This could, e.g., be in order to ensure that the sliding rails 15 are accurately aligned with the direction defined by the main shaft of the wind turbine.
  • the adjustment of the inclination could, e.g., take place manually, such as by rotating a threaded rod engaging a mating inner thread.
  • the adjustment mechanism may comprise hydraulic pistons, and the adjustment may be performed by operating the hydraulic pistons.
  • a part of a sledge 19 has been mounted on one of the sliding rails 15.
  • Arrow 20 indicates that the sledge 19 can move along the length of the sliding rail 15, and that the sledge 19 has been pushed onto the sliding rail 15 at its free end.
  • the sledge 19 is provided with a holding part 57 being configured to hold a relative position between a guiding part and a mating part of the sledge 19.
  • a guiding part 21 has been mounted on the sledge 19, the guiding part 21 being provided with a guiding track 22.
  • the guiding track 22 is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sliding rail 15. This will be described in further detail below.
  • the guiding part 21 can be moved with respect to the sledge 19 by means of piston 23.
  • an additional sledge 19, including a guiding part 21, has been mounted movably on the sliding rail 15. Furthermore, two interface portions 24 are present on the generator 11, and the sledges 19 have been moved along the sliding rail 15 to positions corresponding to the positions of the interface portions 24.
  • a mating part 25 has been mounted on each of the interface portions 24.
  • Each mating part 25 is provided with a protruding part 26 which is arranged in engagement with the guiding track 22 of the guiding part 21 of one of the sledges 19. Since the mating parts 25 are attached to the interface portions 24 they are fixed relative to the generator 11.
  • the guiding part 21 of one of the sledges 19 When the guiding part 21 of one of the sledges 19 is moved relative to the sledge 19, in particular relative to the holding part 57, by means of the piston 23, the guiding part 21 will also move relative to the corresponding mating part 25. This will cause a corresponding relative movement between the guiding track 22 and the protruding part 26 engaging the guiding track 22. This will cause the protruding part 26 to follow the path defined by the guiding track 22. Since the guiding track 22 is inclined relative to the longitudinal direction of the sliding rail 15, the movement of the protruding part 26 along the guiding track 22 differs from a linear movement along the sliding rail 15. Thereby the orientation of the generator 11 can be adjusted by performing relative movements between the guiding parts 21 and the sledges 19.
  • the holding part 57 ensures that no relative movements between the guiding part 21 and the mating part 25 take place whenever such relative movements are not desired. Thereby it is ensured that a given relative position between the guiding part 21 and the mating part 25, and thereby a given orientation if the generator 11, can be maintained.
  • the generator 11 will be tilted in such a manner that a rotational axis defined by the generator 11 is tilted relative to the direction defined by the main shaft of the wind turbine. If the guiding parts 21 of both of the sledges 19 shown in Fig. 11 are moved in the same direction while the guiding part 21 of one or more similar sledges arranged on the opposite sliding rail 15 (not visible in Fig. 11) is not moved or is moved in an opposite direction, then the generator 11 will be rotated about an axis defined by the main shaft of the wind turbine.
  • the generator 11 will be moved in a translational manner in an upwards or downwards direction.
  • the generator 11, or one of the other drive train components 9, 10 can be adjusted with respect to six degrees of freedom by means of only three sledges 19, two of the sledges 19 being arranged on one side of the drive train component 9, 10, 11, as shown in Fig. 11, and the third being arranged on the opposite side of the drive train components 9, 10, 11.
  • Fig. 12 illustrates part of the floor 17 of the nacelle 3 being removed, as indicated by arrow 27. This is in order to allow drive train components 9, 10, 11 to pass through a lower part of the nacelle 3.
  • FIG. 13 two cable guiding structures 29 have been mounted on a load carrying frame 30 of the nacelle 3.
  • Each cable guiding structure 29 is provided with three pulleys 31 arranged for receiving and guiding a cable.
  • cables 32 have been mounted on the pulleys 31 of the cable guiding structures 29, and are lowered through the lower part of the nacelle 3.
  • the cables 32 could, e.g., be in the form of tag lines.
  • one end of each cable 32 may be connected to a hoisting mechanism, such as a winch.
  • Fig. 15 one of the cables 32 has been connected to a hoisting mechanism at one end and to an eyelet 33 formed on the cable guiding structure 29 at the other end. This allows the hoisting mechanism to hoist itself towards the nacelle 3.
  • Fig. 16 illustrates a situation similar to the situation illustrated in Fig. 11. However, in Fig. 16 the generator 11 has been detached from the gearbox 10, and thereby from the rest of the drive train. Accordingly, the generator 11 is now carried by the sledges 19 and the sliding rail 15, and it is possible to move the generator 11 relative to the main bearing housing 9 and the gearbox 10, by means of the sledges 19.
  • Fig. 16 illustrates a situation similar to the situation illustrated in Fig. 11. However, in Fig. 16 the generator 11 has been detached from the gearbox 10, and thereby from the rest of the drive train. Accordingly, the generator 11 is now carried by the sledges 19 and the sliding rail 15, and it is possible to move the generator 11 relative to the main bearing housing 9 and the gearbox 10, by means of
  • the generator 11 is in the process of being moved away from the main bearing housing 9 and the gearbox 10 as indicated by arrow 34.
  • the generator 11 is moved along the sliding rails 15 due to the sledges 19 sliding along the sliding rails 15. Since the sliding rails 15 are essentially aligned with a direction defined by the main shaft of the wind turbine, the generator 11 is moved essentially along this direction.
  • Fig. 18 the movement of the generator 11 along the sliding rails 15 has been completed, and the generator 11 has thereby been moved to a position where it is free of the gearbox 10, i.e. it is no longer connected to the rest of the drive train.
  • the cables 32 have been connected to the generator 11 via connecting parts 35. Thereby the generator 11 is connected to the hoisting mechanism, via the cables 32.
  • Fig. 19 the generator 11 has been lifted upwards, as indicated by arrow 36, by means of the hoisting mechanism and the cables 32. Thereby the protruding part 26 of the mating part 25 of each sledge 19 has been moved out of engagement with the guiding track 22 of the guiding part 21.
  • the generator 11, with the mating parts 25 attached thereto is now free to move relative to the guiding parts 21.
  • the sledges 19, along with the guiding parts 21, have been moved along the sliding rails 15, away from the mating parts 25, as indicated by arrows 37.
  • the mating parts 25 are in the process of being removed from the interface portions 24, as indicated by arrows 38. This will allow the generator 11 to pass the sliding rails 15 in a downwards direction.
  • Fig. 21 is a perspective view of the wind turbine 1 which was also illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • a container 39 accommodating a hoisting mechanism (not visible) is arranged on the ground next to the tower 2, i.e. at the base of the wind turbine 1.
  • An anchoring point 40 is also provided on the ground in the vicinity of the wind turbine 1.
  • a tag line 41 interconnects a cable 32, which is attached to the hoisting mechanism inside the container 39, and the anchoring point 40, via a connecting point in the nacelle 3.
  • the tag line 41 could, e.g., have been lowered from the nacelle 3.
  • the connecting point could, e.g., form part of a cable guiding structure as illustrated in Figs. 13-20 and described above.
  • the cable 32 is hoisted towards the nacelle 3, as indicated by arrows 42.
  • the cable 32 may be attached to a cable guiding structure, as illustrated in Fig. 15 and described above.
  • the hoisting mechanism accommodated in the container 39 is connected to the cable guiding structure, via the cable 32.
  • Fig. 22 shows the container 39 where two cables 32 have been hoisted to the nacelle and a third cable 32 is in the process of being hoisted towards the nacelle.
  • the container 39 will be connected to the nacelle via all three cables 32, and the container 39 is thereby ready to be hoisted towards the nacelle by means of the hoisting mechanism accommodated in the container 39.
  • Fig. 23 the container 39 is in the process of being hoisted towards the nacelle 3 by means of the hoisting mechanism accommodated in the container 39 and the cables 32.
  • two tag lines 41 are provided which connect the container 39 to anchoring points 40 on the ground.
  • the container 39 is hoisted towards the nacelle 3 in such a manner that mounting interfaces 43 formed on the container 39 are moved into contact with corresponding mounting interfaces 44 formed on the lower part of the nacelle 3.
  • a locking mechanism will lock the interfaces 43, 44 together, thereby attaching the container 39 to the lower part of the nacelle 3.
  • a hatch 7 formed in the lower part of the nacelle 3 has been opened, and the generator 11 can be seen through the opening which is thereby formed in the lower part of the nacelle 3.
  • the generator 11 has been detached from the drive train and is connected to the hoisting mechanism accommodated in the container 39 via the cables 32. Thereby the generator 11 can be lowered towards the ground by means of the hoisting mechanism accommodated in the container 39.
  • the container 39 will stem against the lower part of the nacelle 3, and the nacelle 3 thereby performs the function of a counterweight. Accordingly, a separate counterweight is not required in order to lower the generator 11 towards the ground. This is a great advantage, because the costs involved with replacing a heavy drive train component can thereby be reduced considerably.
  • Fig. 26 illustrates the generator 11 being lowered towards the ground through the opening formed in the lower part of the nacelle 3, as indicated by arrow 45.
  • Fig. 27 shows the generator 11 being lowered towards the ground by means of the hosting mechanism accommodated in the container 39.
  • the movement of the generator 11 is controlled by means of two tag lines 41, each being connected to an anchoring point 40 on the ground.
  • Fig. 28 shows the generator 11 being loaded onto a truck 46. The movements of the generator 11 are still controlled by means of the tag lines 41.
  • Fig. 29 shows an alternative embodiment in which the generator 11 is lowered towards the ground by means of two ground based winches 47 instead of by means of a hoisting mechanism accommodated in a container.
  • the movements of the generator 11 are controlled partly by means of two tag lines 41, and partly by appropriately controlling operation of the two ground based winches 47 in dependence of each other.
  • Figs. 30-32 show the sledges 19 described above in further detail.
  • Fig. 30 is a perspective view of two sledges 19 mounted movably on a sliding rail 15.
  • Each sledge 19 comprises a guiding part 21 and a mating part 25 mounted on a drive train component, e.g. in the form of a gearbox 10.
  • the guiding part 21 is provided with a guiding track 22, and the mating part 25 is provided with a protruding part 26 which is arranged in engagement with the guiding track 22 of the guiding part 21.
  • a hydraulic piston 23 is arranged for providing relative movements between the guiding part 21 and the mating part 25 along a direction defined by the sliding rail 15.
  • Fig. 31 is a side view of the sledges 19 of Fig. 31.
  • Arrows 48 illustrate the relative movement between the protruding part 26 and the guiding track 22 of one of the sledges 19 as a consequence of operation of the hydraulic piston 23.
  • One of the sledges 19 is provided with two hydraulic pistons 49 which are used for moving the sledge 19 along the sliding rail 15. This takes place in the following manner.
  • the hydraulic pistons 49 are each arranged in engagement with one of a number of recesses 50 formed in the sliding rail 15.
  • One of the hydraulic pistons 49 is then operated in order to move the sledge 19 as indicated by arrows 51.
  • one of the hydraulic pistons 49 is moved into engagement with another one of the recesses 50 while the other hydraulic piston 49 remains engaged with the recess 50, before one of the hydraulic pistons 49 is once again operated in order to move the sledge 19 further along the sliding rail 15.
  • one of the hydraulic pistons 49 is once again operated in order to move the sledge 19 further along the sliding rail 15.
  • the other sledge 19 is provided with an alternative moving mechanism comprising a toothed gear wheel 52 arranged the sledge 19 and a toothed rack 53 arranged on the sliding rail 15.
  • a toothed gear wheel 52 arranged the sledge 19 and a toothed rack 53 arranged on the sliding rail 15.
  • the sledge 19 can be moved along the sliding rail 15 as indicated by arrows 51 by rotating the gear wheel 52 while it engages the toothed rack 53.
  • Fig. 32 is a top view of one of the sledges 19 of Figs. 30 and 31. It can be seen from Fig. 32 that the sledge 19 is provided with an additional hydraulic piston 54 which causes relative movements of the guiding part 21 and the mating part 25 along the direction indicated by arrows 55, thereby allowing the position and/or the orientation of the gearbox 10 to be adjusted along this direction.
  • a spherical joint 56 is provided in the protruding part 26 of the mating part 25. This allows the protruding part 26 and the portion of the mating part 25 which is attached to the drive train component to perform relative movements. This, in turn, allows the guiding part 21 and the mating part 25 to move freely relative to each other when the hydraulic pistons 23, 54 are operated. Accordingly, it is possible to adjust the position and/or the orientation of the gearbox 10 with respect to six degrees of freedom.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de transport pour déplacer des composants de transmission (9, 10, 11) d'une éolienne (1) comprenant une tour (2) et une ou plusieurs nacelles (3) montées sur la tour (2), au moins l'une des nacelles (3) logeant un ou plusieurs composants de transmission (9, 10, 11). Le système de transport comprend un ou plusieurs rails de coulissement (15) configurés pour transporter un composant de transmission (9, 10, 11) pendant le mouvement, et un ou plusieurs traîneaux (19). Chaque traîneau (19) comprend une partie de guidage (21) comprenant une piste de guidage (22), la partie de guidage (21) étant configurée pour être montée mobile sur un rail de coulissement (15), et une partie d'accouplement (25) comprenant une partie en saillie (26) qui est agencée en prise avec la piste de guidage (22) de la partie de guidage (21). La partie d'accouplement (25) est configurée pour être fixée à un composant de transmission (9, 10, 11), et un mouvement relatif entre la partie de guidage (21) et la partie d'accouplement (25) d'un ou de plusieurs traîneaux (19) provoque un changement d'orientation d'un composant de transmission (9, 10, 11) sur lequel sont fixés le ou les traîneaux (19), par rapport au ou aux rails de coulissement (15), en raison de la partie en saillie (26) de la partie d'accouplement (25) se déplaçant le long de la piste de guidage (22) de la partie de guidage (21).
PCT/DK2018/050203 2017-08-29 2018-08-20 Système de transport pour déplacer des composants de transmission WO2019042508A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA201770642 2017-08-29
DKPA201770642 2017-08-29

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WO2019042508A1 true WO2019042508A1 (fr) 2019-03-07

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4102061A1 (fr) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-14 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Ensemble de support
DE102021208984A1 (de) 2021-08-17 2023-02-23 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Montage- und Demontagevorrichtung

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007059820A1 (de) * 2007-12-11 2009-06-18 Innovative Windpower Ag Wartungsvorrichtung einer Windenergieanlage
DE102010016840A1 (de) * 2010-05-06 2011-11-10 Eickhoff Antriebstechnik Gmbh Montagevorrichtung
WO2012079579A1 (fr) * 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Transport de composants de transmission dans une nacelle de turbine éolienne
WO2013075717A2 (fr) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-30 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Outil et procédé pour mettre en mouvement un élément de transmission d'éolienne
EP3018341A1 (fr) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-11 Envision Energy (Denmark) ApS Support d'assemblage permettant de joindre une unité boîte de vitesses et un arbre principal d'une éolienne

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007059820A1 (de) * 2007-12-11 2009-06-18 Innovative Windpower Ag Wartungsvorrichtung einer Windenergieanlage
DE102010016840A1 (de) * 2010-05-06 2011-11-10 Eickhoff Antriebstechnik Gmbh Montagevorrichtung
WO2012079579A1 (fr) * 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Transport de composants de transmission dans une nacelle de turbine éolienne
WO2013075717A2 (fr) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-30 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Outil et procédé pour mettre en mouvement un élément de transmission d'éolienne
EP3018341A1 (fr) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-11 Envision Energy (Denmark) ApS Support d'assemblage permettant de joindre une unité boîte de vitesses et un arbre principal d'une éolienne

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4102061A1 (fr) * 2021-06-10 2022-12-14 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Ensemble de support
DE102021208984A1 (de) 2021-08-17 2023-02-23 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Montage- und Demontagevorrichtung

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