WO2019042400A1 - Procédé et système d'égalisation de batterie, véhicule, support d'informations, et dispositif électronique - Google Patents

Procédé et système d'égalisation de batterie, véhicule, support d'informations, et dispositif électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019042400A1
WO2019042400A1 PCT/CN2018/103470 CN2018103470W WO2019042400A1 WO 2019042400 A1 WO2019042400 A1 WO 2019042400A1 CN 2018103470 W CN2018103470 W CN 2018103470W WO 2019042400 A1 WO2019042400 A1 WO 2019042400A1
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Prior art keywords
equalization
value
battery
equalized
voltage
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PCT/CN2018/103470
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗红斌
王超
沈晓峰
曾求勇
刘苑红
张祥
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比亚迪股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019042400A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019042400A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of control technologies, and in particular, to a battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium, and electronic device.
  • a vehicle power battery generally consists of a plurality of single cells connected in series to form a module. With the use of the battery, the difference between the individual cells gradually expands, and the consistency between the cells is poor. Due to the short board effect of the battery, the capacity of the battery pack is limited, so that the capacity of the battery pack cannot be fully exerted, resulting in the battery pack. The overall capacity is reduced. On the other hand, the gradual enlargement of the differences between the individual cells will cause over-charging of some single cells, over-discharge of some single cells, affecting battery life, damaging the battery, and possibly generating a large amount of heat to cause the battery. Burning or exploding.
  • a first aspect of the present disclosure provides a battery equalization method, including:
  • the equalization of the cells requiring equalization is controlled during the equalization period of the unit period.
  • a battery equalization system comprising: an equalization module, an acquisition module, and a control module;
  • the collecting module is configured to collect battery information of each single battery of the battery pack during a sampling period of a unit period under the control of the control module;
  • the control module is configured to determine, according to battery information of each battery cell of the battery unit acquired in a sampling period of a unit period, the unit cells that need to be balanced in the battery group, where the unit period includes the sampling period and the equalization a period of time; obtaining, according to battery information of each unit battery, a value of a performance parameter of the unit cell to be balanced and a reference value of the performance parameter, the performance parameter being any one of the following parameters: voltage, SOC, Internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change rate, power change rate, and time change rate; reference value of the performance parameter and preset equalization duty ratio according to the value of the performance parameter of the unit cell that needs to be equalized Determining an equalization current of the unit cells that need to be equalized, wherein the equalization duty ratio is a ratio of a duration of the equalization period to a duration of the unit period; and according to the equalization current, in the unit period
  • the equalization period controls the equalization of the unit cells that need to be balanced;
  • the equalization module is configured to equalize the corresponding single cells under the control of the control module.
  • a vehicle comprising the battery equalization system of the second aspect described above.
  • a fourth aspect provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions, wherein the program instructions are executed by a processor to implement the method of the first aspect described above.
  • a fifth aspect an electronic device comprising: the computer readable storage medium of the above fourth aspect; and one or more processors for executing a program in the computer readable storage medium.
  • the equalization current is based on the performance parameters of the single battery.
  • the value, the reference value of the performance parameter, and the preset equalization duty ratio are determined, thereby performing equalization, which can improve the equalization efficiency of the single cell.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery equalization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery equalization system in which two single cells share an equalization module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery equalization system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a battery equalization method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a determination process of a single cell requiring equalization according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of determining a cell that needs to be equalized according to a voltage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of determining an equalization current of a single cell that needs to be equalized according to a voltage value and a reference voltage value of a single cell that needs to be equalized according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an equalization module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of an equalization duration acquisition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the State of Charge also known as the remaining charge, indicates the ratio of the remaining capacity of the battery after a period of use or long-term suspension to its fully charged state, expressed as a percentage.
  • the self-discharge rate also known as the charge retention capability, refers to the ability of the battery to maintain the power stored under certain conditions under open conditions.
  • the battery equalization system includes a control module 101, an acquisition module 102, an equalization module 103, and a battery pack 104.
  • each unit cell corresponds to one acquisition module 102 and one equalization module 103.
  • the acquisition module 102 and the equalization module 103 corresponding to the same single cell are respectively connected to the control module 101 through different control channels.
  • the control module may include a control chip, and the control chip is respectively connected to the acquisition module and the equalization module corresponding to the same single cell through two pins, and the two pins are in one-to-one correspondence with the two control channels.
  • the control channel or channel refers to a transmission path of a control command of the control module to the execution end (acquisition module and equalization module).
  • control module 101 controls the collection module 102 and the equalization module 103 to be turned on and off according to the unit period, respectively, and performs battery information collection and battery equalization processing, so that battery information collection and equalization processing are performed in a time-sharing manner.
  • the influence of the equalization current on the accuracy of the battery information collection is affected.
  • each of the cells in the battery is coupled to an acquisition module 102 and an equalization module 103, respectively. If the battery pack includes N single cells, there are N acquisition modules 102 and N equalization modules 103. Thus, the control module 101 passes through 2 ⁇ N control channels, and each acquisition module and each equalization module respectively. connection.
  • different single cells may share an equalization module, for example, N single cells in a battery pack, may share the same equalization module, or each preset number (eg, 2, 3, or 5 equal) single cells share an equalization module and the like.
  • the equalization module and each of the at least two single cells that need to be equalized are equalized during the equalization period of the unit period.
  • the batteries are connected alternately.
  • two single cells share an equalization module.
  • the equalization module is alternately connected with each cell during an equalization period of a unit cycle. Alternate connections may be alternate connections at a certain period. For example, referring to FIG. 2, when the parallel switch 150 on the parallel branch 15 corresponding to one of the two single cells 111 is closed for 2 s under the control of the control module 14, the other of the two cells The parallel switch 150 on the parallel branch 15 corresponding to the unit cell 111 is disconnected for 2 s under the control of the control module 14.
  • the parallel switch 150 on the parallel branch 15 corresponding to each of the two single cells, in the equalization period switches from the closed state to the open state every two seconds, or from the disconnected state. Switch to the closed state. Therefore, on the basis of the time-division of the acquisition module and the equalization module, during the equalization period, the single cells sharing the same equalization module are alternately connected with the shared equalization module to achieve equalization.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery equalization system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the battery equalization system includes a control module 301, an acquisition module 302, an equalization module 303, and a battery pack 304.
  • the battery pack 304 includes a plurality of unit cells connected in series.
  • the control module 301 is connected to the acquisition module 302 and the equalization module 303 corresponding to the same single cell through a control channel 305.
  • the acquisition module 302 and the equalization module 303 time-multiplex the control channel 305 according to a unit cycle.
  • the control module 301 is configured to control the control channel 305 to connect with the corresponding sampling module when determining that the battery connected to the control module does not need to be equalized; or the control module 301 is further configured to determine the control module When the 301 connected single cells need to be equalized, the acquisition module 302 and the equalization module 303 time-multiplex the channels 305 according to the unit period.
  • One unit period includes: an acquisition period and an equalization period.
  • the control module 301 controls the acquisition module 302 to sample the battery information of the single battery during the collection period to obtain the battery information of the single battery.
  • Battery information includes at least one of the following: voltage, current, and temperature.
  • the battery information may include only voltage values, whereby voltage performance parameters of the single battery may be obtained.
  • the battery information may also include a voltage value, a current value, a temperature value, and the like, thereby obtaining performance parameters such as SOC, internal resistance, and self-discharge rate of the single battery.
  • the control module 301 determines the single cells that need to be equalized according to the battery information of the single battery collected by the collection module 302. For the single cell that needs to be turned on, the control module 301 controls the equalization module 303 corresponding to the cell that needs to be equalized, and equalizes the cells that need to be equalized during the equalization period.
  • the acquisition module and the equalization module share the same control channel, and the control module controls the acquisition module and the equalization module, and the control channel is time-multiplexed according to the unit period, thereby avoiding battery information collection and equalization.
  • the control module controls the acquisition module and the equalization module, and the control channel is time-multiplexed according to the unit period, thereby avoiding battery information collection and equalization.
  • the influence of the equalization current on the accuracy of the battery information collection on the other hand, compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 above, the number of channels of the control module chip is reduced, and the hardware cost can be saved.
  • a switch K is provided, the control module 301 is connected to the switch K, and the time-sharing and acquisition module 302 or the equalization module 303 is implemented by controlling the switch K. connection.
  • the control module 301 controls the acquisition module 302 to collect battery information for the single battery during the collection cycle.
  • the control module 301 controls the equalization module 303. The corresponding single cells are equalized.
  • the control module can achieve the function of acquisition and equalization by adjusting the state of the switch, and can achieve no sampling during equalization, and is unbalanced during sampling. The effect, so that the equalization current does not affect the battery voltage, thus improving the accuracy of the battery voltage sampling.
  • each of the cells in the battery is connected to an acquisition module 302 and an equalization module 303, respectively. If the battery pack includes N single cells, the number of the acquisition modules 302 is N, and the equalization module 303 is N. Thus, the control module 301 is connected to the acquisition module and the equalization module through N control channels.
  • the acquisition module and the equalization module corresponding to the same single battery share one control channel of the control module, so that the number of channels of the required control module is reduced, thereby reducing the number of channels required for the control module chip.
  • the N single cells correspond to 2N control channels.
  • the acquisition module and the equalization module of the same single battery share a control channel and the control module is connected, and the N single cells correspond to N control channels, thereby reducing the number of control channels. Reduce the cost of the control module.
  • the N single cells correspond to 2N control channels, and 2N control channels need to be controlled.
  • the acquisition module and the equalization module of the same single battery share a control channel of the control module, so that the N single cells correspond to the N control channels, and only the N control channels need to be controlled. It can simplify the control process and reduce the misoperation rate of the control module.
  • the N single cells correspond to 2N control channels, and the pass rate of the control module is controlled by the control channel.
  • the pass rate of 2N control channels is determined.
  • the acquisition module and the equalization module of the same single battery share one control channel of the control module, and the N single cells correspond to N control channels, and the pass rate of the control module is controlled by the control channel. It is determined by the pass rate of the N control channels, which can improve the total pass rate of the plurality of single cells in the whole system through the control channel to the control module, thereby improving the pass rate of the battery equalization system.
  • different single cells may share an equalization module, for example, N single cells in a battery pack, may share the same equalization module, or each preset number (eg, 2, 3, or 5 equal) single cells share an equalization module and the like.
  • the equalization module and each of the at least two single cells that need to be equalized are equalized during the equalization period of the unit period.
  • the batteries are connected alternately.
  • the battery equalization system includes: a battery management controller (BMC) and a plurality of battery information collectors (BICs).
  • BMC battery management controller
  • BICs battery information collectors
  • the control module described above is disposed in the battery information collector BIC.
  • control module includes a first control unit disposed in the battery information collector and a second control unit disposed in the battery management controller.
  • the collecting module sends the parameter information of the single battery in the collected battery pack to the second control unit through the first control unit; wherein the collecting module and the equalizing module of the same single battery correspond to one control channel of the first control unit.
  • the first control unit may be connected to the collection module by controlling the connection channel, thereby controlling the collection module to collect parameter information of the single battery in the battery group.
  • the second control unit may also send an acquisition instruction to the first control unit through the communication unit, so that the connection channel is connected to the collection module by the first control unit.
  • the first control unit may be connected to the equalization module by controlling the control channel, thereby controlling the equalization module to perform equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be turned on and equalized.
  • the first control unit may send parameter information of the battery pack collected by the acquisition circuit to the second control unit, and the second control unit determines, according to parameter information of the battery pack, a single battery that needs to be turned on, and And transmitting, by the communication unit, an equalization instruction to the first control unit, to control, by the first control unit, that the control channel is connected to the equalization module.
  • the acquisition module in the battery equalization system sends the parameter information of the single battery in the collected battery pack to the second control unit through the first control unit
  • the acquisition module and the equalization module of the same single battery correspond to the first control unit.
  • a connection channel reduces the number of channels required by the first control unit.
  • the first control unit receives the parameter information of the battery pack, and determines according to the parameter information of the battery group.
  • the control equalization module performs equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be turned on.
  • the first control unit receives parameter information of the battery pack, and determines, according to parameter information of the battery pack, When a single battery in the battery pack needs to be turned on, the control equalization module performs equalization processing on the single battery that needs to be turned on.
  • the first control unit receives the parameter information of the battery group, and determines, according to the parameter information of the battery group, that the battery group has a single
  • the control equalization module performs equalization processing on the single cells that need to be turned on.
  • the battery information collector and the battery management controller can selectively control the equalization system through the first control unit and the second control unit, so that one of the battery information collector and the battery management controller can be disabled or malfunctioned. Underneath, the battery balancing system is still guaranteed to operate normally.
  • an exemplary schematic diagram of sharing an equalization module for two single cells is shown.
  • the equalization module is alternately connected with each unit cell during the equalization period of the unit period. Alternate connections may be alternate connections at a certain period. Therefore, on the basis of the time-division of the acquisition module and the equalization module, during the equalization period, the single cells sharing the same equalization module are alternately connected with the shared equalization module to achieve equalization.
  • the acquisition module can be a voltage acquisition chip for collecting the voltage of the single battery during the acquisition period.
  • the equalization process of the equalized cell may be performed by an active equalization method, that is, the battery to be equalized is charged, for example, a power supply component is set in the equalization module. (such as a generator or a battery), the difference between the target parameter of the unit cell to be equalized and the reference value is reduced to a preset range, and the effect of equalizing each unit cell in the battery pack is achieved.
  • an active equalization method that is, the battery to be equalized is charged, for example, a power supply component is set in the equalization module. (such as a generator or a battery), the difference between the target parameter of the unit cell to be equalized and the reference value is reduced to a preset range, and the effect of equalizing each unit cell in the battery pack is achieved.
  • Method 3 The combination of active and passive equalization.
  • the unit cell whose target parameter is smaller than the reference value may be subjected to equalization processing in an active equalization manner, and the target parameter is greater than the reference value.
  • the single cell is balanced by a passive equalization method, so that the difference between the target parameter and the reference value of the cell to be balanced is reduced to a preset range, and the effect of equalizing each cell in the battery pack is achieved.
  • the battery equalization method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
  • step S51 the battery cells in the battery pack that need to be equalized are determined according to the battery information of each of the battery cells of the battery pack acquired in the sampling period of the unit period.
  • step S53 the equalization current of the cell to be equalized is determined according to the value of the performance parameter of the cell to be equalized, the reference value of the performance parameter and the preset equalization duty.
  • step S54 the equalization of the cells requiring equalization is controlled in the equalization period of the unit period in accordance with the equalization current.
  • the battery information collection and the equalization and time sharing are performed to avoid the influence of the equalization current on the accuracy of the battery information collection when the battery information collection and equalization are simultaneously performed; on the other hand, according to the battery information of the single battery
  • the equalization current of each single cell is determined to be equalized, and different equalizing currents can be used for different single cells to improve the equalization efficiency of the single cell.
  • a single cell that needs to be equalized is determined by:
  • step S61 a difference between a performance parameter of the at least one unit cell and a reference value of the performance parameter is determined.
  • step S71 a voltage difference between the voltage value of the at least one single cell and the reference voltage value is determined.
  • step S72 the single cell in which the voltage difference between the voltage value and the reference voltage value is greater than or equal to the equalization on threshold is determined as a single cell requiring equalization in at least one of the single cells.
  • step S71 includes:
  • the subsequent equalization process for the determined cell that needs to be equalized is: controlling the cell discharge requiring equalization to perform passive equalization.
  • step S71 includes:
  • the subsequent equalization process for the determined cell that needs to be equalized is: controlling the cell charging that needs to be balanced, and performing active equalization.
  • step S71 includes:
  • the voltage values of the individual cells in the battery pack are compared with the reference voltage values, respectively.
  • the subsequent equalization process for the determined cell that needs to be equalized is: charging the cell with the control voltage value smaller than the reference voltage value, performing active equalization; The single cell with a voltage value greater than the reference voltage value is discharged, and passive equalization is performed.
  • the self-discharge rate of the single cell is used to characterize the capacity loss and capacity loss rate of the single cell.
  • the open circuit voltage value V1 of each unit battery of the power battery pack is detected and recorded; when the battery pack starts to start again (t2 time)
  • the open circuit voltage value V2 of each unit battery of the power battery pack is detected and recorded; and the self-discharge rate ⁇ of each unit battery is calculated according to the open circuit voltage values of the individual cells obtained by the two tests.
  • the open circuit voltage value can be calculated using the following equation (1).
  • the voltage change rate of the single cell may be a voltage change rate of the single cell during charging (or discharging), that is, the voltage change rate of the single cell may be a voltage change when the specified physical quantity of the single cell changes.
  • a predetermined amount of power is injected into or discharged from a single battery, and a voltage variation amount dv/dq of the single battery; or a preset duration of charging or discharging the single battery, and a voltage variation amount of the single battery dv /dt is an example for explanation.
  • the rate of change in the amount of electricity of the unit cell may be the amount of change in voltage when the unit of the specified physical quantity of the unit cell changes.
  • the amount of electric power required to increase the voltage of the unit cell by one unit voltage from the initial voltage, or the amount of electric power of the unit cell reduced by one unit voltage from the initial voltage will be described as an example.
  • the time rate of change of the unit cells may be the length of time required for the unit of the specified physical quantity of the unit cells to change.
  • the charging time required for the voltage of the unit cell to rise by one unit voltage from the initial voltage, or the discharge time required for the voltage of the unit cell to decrease by one unit voltage from the initial voltage will be described as an example.
  • the equalization judgment is performed using the performance parameters of different batteries, the judgment is made according to the corresponding manner in Table 1, and the unit cell in the battery pack that needs to be equalized is determined in combination with the judgment flow when the performance parameter is the voltage.
  • Equilibrium current including:
  • a preset equalization duty cycle, and a preset between the difference and the equalization duty cycle and the equalization current determine the equalization current of the cell that needs to be balanced. For example, when the performance parameter is voltage, the voltage difference between the voltage value of the cell and the voltage reference value, the preset equalization duty ratio, and the voltage difference and the equalization duty ratio and the equalization current are adjusted according to the need. The preset correspondence between the presets determines the equalization current of the unit cells that need to be balanced.
  • step S81 the single cell that minimizes the difference between the voltage value in the battery pack and the reference value of the voltage is determined as the reference battery.
  • the reference value of the voltage is the minimum voltage value, the maximum voltage value or the average voltage value among the voltage values of the individual cells;
  • step S82 a first SOC value corresponding to the reference value of the voltage is determined according to the reference value of the voltage and the open circuit voltage OCV-remaining power SOC curve of the reference battery.
  • step S83 a second SOC value corresponding to the voltage value of the cell to be equalized is determined according to the voltage value of the cell to be equalized and the OCV-SOC curve corresponding to the cell to be equalized.
  • step S84 the equalization current of the unit cell is determined based on the first SOC value, the second SOC value, and the equalization duty ratio.
  • FIG. 9 an open circuit voltage OCV-remaining power SOC curve of a single cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.
  • the above step S82 includes:
  • the SOC value corresponding to the OCV value of the balanced unit cell is the second SOC value.
  • the internal resistance of the single cell can be preset.
  • the internal resistance of the unit cell may be determined based on the voltage and capacity of the unit cell.
  • the internal resistance value of the unit cell is determined according to the correspondence relationship between the voltage, the capacity, and the internal resistance value of the unit cell.
  • other battery models such as Thevenin model, PNGV (partnership for a new generation of vehicles) model, etc., can be used to convert the load voltage of the collected single cells. Is the open circuit voltage.
  • the SOC value corresponding to the single cell can be obtained according to the OCV-SOC curve of the single cell.
  • OCV-SOC curve shown in FIG. 9 can also be converted into a correspondence table of OCV and SOC, an OCV value corresponding to an SOC value, or an OCV range corresponding to an SOC value.
  • the OCV-SOC curve or OCV-SOC correspondence table is obtained by measurement. For example, for a single cell, in the process of changing its SOC value from 0 to 100%, every time a certain SOC value is separated, the open circuit voltage OCV of the battery is measured once, and then the OCV of each point is corresponding.
  • the SOCs correspond one-to-one to form a SOC-OCV curve or an OCV-SOC correspondence table of the unit cells.
  • the first SOC value of the reference battery can be obtained according to the reference voltage value, the internal resistance value of the reference battery, and the OCV-SOC curve corresponding to the reference battery.
  • the second SOC value of the cell to be balanced is obtained according to the voltage value of the cell to be balanced, the internal resistance of the cell to be balanced, and the OCV-SOC curve corresponding to the cell to be equalized.
  • ⁇ Q is the difference in electric quantity
  • ⁇ SOC is the SOC difference between the first SOC value and the second SOC value
  • C n is the usable capacity of the unit cell to be equalized.
  • t is the preset equalization period of the cell to be balanced
  • I is the equalization current of the cell to be equalized
  • ⁇ is the equalization duty.
  • the preset equalization current can be determined according to the resistance of the equalization module, the current that the generator can provide, or the actual equalization requirement.
  • FIG. 11 it is a schematic diagram of an equalization module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the unit cells that need to be balanced are balanced in the equalization period of the unit period, and need to be combined with the above-mentioned equalization judgment.
  • the equalization mode of the unit cells that need to be balanced is passive equalization (that is, discharge of the single cells that need to be balanced), or active equalization (that is, charging the single cells that need to be balanced), and Turn on the corresponding equalization module.
  • the equalization module includes: a resistor 811, and each unit cell corresponds to an equalization module, that is, a resistor is connected in parallel with each end of each unit cell.
  • the control module controls the parallel loop conduction between the cell that needs to be balanced and its corresponding resistor during the equalization period of the unit period to perform passive equalization of the cell. .
  • the control module is turned on by controlling the switch module 812 to realize conduction of a parallel circuit between the unit cells requiring equalization and their corresponding resistors.
  • the resistor 811 can be a fixed value resistor or a variable resistor.
  • the resistor 811 can be a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, which can be varied with temperature, thereby adjusting the equalization current generated during equalization, thereby automatically adjusting the heat generation of the battery equalization system, and finally The temperature of the battery equalization system is effectively controlled.
  • the equalization module includes a charging branch 94 connected in parallel with each of the unit cells 81 in the battery pack.
  • the charging branch 94 is in one-to-one correspondence with the unit cells 81, and each charging branch 94 is provided. Both are coupled to a generator 92 that is mechanically coupled to the engine 91 via a gear.
  • the control module controls the charging branch 94 corresponding to the cell that needs to be balanced to be turned on.
  • the generator 92 is driven to generate electricity, so that the amount of power generated by the generator 92 is supplied to the unit cells that need to be balanced, so that the amount of the cells that need to be balanced is increased.
  • the equalization module when the generator 92 is an alternator, the equalization module further includes a rectifier 93 in series with the generator 92, each of the charging branches 94 being connected in series with the rectifier 93. After the alternating current generated by the generator 92 is converted to direct current by the rectifier 93, the generator 92 can be enabled to charge the unit cells that need to be equalized.
  • a single battery that needs to be balanced can be charged by a starting battery in the entire vehicle.
  • the unit cell that needs to be balanced may be connected in parallel with the starting battery of the whole vehicle, which will be required.
  • the power discharged from the balanced single cells is charged into the starting battery to achieve equalization of the cells that need to be balanced while effectively avoiding waste of energy.
  • a plurality of single cells may share one equalization module, and when at least two of the multi-cell cells sharing one equalization module need to be equalized, in a unit period During the equalization period, the equalization module is alternately connected with each of the at least two single cells that need to be equalized, and is separately equalized.
  • one or more parallel equalization resistors may be provided in a passive equalization circuit of a single cell. Therefore, according to the determined equalization current of the unit cells that need to be equalized, the target number of equalization resistors that need to be connected in parallel with the unit cells that need to be equalized is determined; and the target number of equalization resistors are controlled in parallel with the unit cells that need to be equalized.
  • determining the resistance value of the equalization resistor that needs to be connected in parallel for the single cell to be equalized determining the required and balanced cell according to the determined resistance value and the resistance value of each parallelizable equalization resistor Parallel target equalization resistance; and control target equalization resistance in parallel with the unit cell requiring equalization.
  • control of the equalization current in the passive equalization process can be realized by parallel equalizing the resistance.
  • one or more equalization resistors connected in series are provided. Therefore, according to the determined equalization current of the unit cells that need to be equalized, the target quantity of the equalization resistance that needs to be connected in series with the unit cells that need to be equalized is determined; and the target number of equalization resistors are controlled in series with the unit cells that need to be equalized. Or, according to the determined equalization current, determining the resistance value of the equalization resistor that needs to be connected in series for the cell to be equalized; determining the required and balanced cell according to the determined resistance value and the resistance value of each series-connected equalization resistor The target equalization resistance in series; and the control target equalization resistance are connected in parallel with the unit cells that need to be equalized.
  • control of the equalization current in the active equalization process can be realized by the method of series equalizing the resistance.
  • one of the cells requiring equalization may be determined as the reference cell.
  • the equalization current of the unit cells that need to be equalized can be determined according to the value of the performance parameter of the reference battery, the reference value of the performance parameter and the preset equalization duty ratio. Therefore, by referring to the single cells that need to be equalized, the equalization current of the single cells that need to be equalized can be determined, and the equalization current determination of the single cells that need to be balanced can be eliminated, thereby improving the processing efficiency.
  • step S121 the control module controls the control channels of the single cells that need to be equalized, and equalizes the cells that need to be equalized during the equalization period.
  • step S122 when the single equalization period ends, the control module determines whether the equalization of all the cells that need to be equalized is completed, that is, whether the cumulative equalization duration of all the cells that need to be equalized has reached the corresponding preset equalization duration. If the equalization duration of all the cells that need to be balanced has been met, step S124 is performed; if any of the equalization periods of the cells requiring equalization does not meet the requirements, step S123 is performed.
  • target parameter information of the battery to be equalized is acquired.
  • the target parameters include any of the following parameters: voltage, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change rate, power change rate, and time change rate.
  • step S133 based on the target parameter information, the historical equalization duration, and the historical parameter information, the equalization duration required for the current equalization of the cells to be equalized is determined.
  • the equalization duration is used as the preset equalization duration.
  • the equalization duration is determined using equation (4) below:
  • the equalization current of the cell that needs to be balanced is adjusted to increase, and the reference value is the maximum value, the minimum value, or the average value of the performance parameter of each single cell in the battery group; when a balanced single cell is required
  • the difference between the value of the performance parameter and the reference value of the performance parameter is smaller than the difference at the start of the equalization, and the equalization current of the cell requiring the equalization is adjusted to be reduced.
  • the equalization is performed according to the adjusted equalization current ratio.
  • the battery information is collected and balanced and time-division, to avoid the influence of the equalization current on the accuracy of the battery information collection when the battery information is collected and equalized; on the other hand, according to the battery information of the single battery, each is determined.
  • the equalization current of the single cells is balanced to improve the equalization efficiency.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a battery equalization system, including: an equalization module, an acquisition module, and a control module;
  • the control module is configured to determine, according to battery information of each battery cell of the battery unit acquired in a sampling period of a unit period, the unit cells that need to be balanced in the battery group, where the unit period includes the sampling period and the equalization a period of time; obtaining, according to battery information of each unit battery, a value of a performance parameter of the unit cell to be balanced and a reference value of the performance parameter, the performance parameter being any one of the following parameters: voltage, SOC, Internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change rate, power change rate, and time change rate; reference value of the performance parameter and preset equalization duty ratio according to the value of the performance parameter of the unit cell that needs to be equalized Determining an equalization current of the unit cells that need to be equalized, wherein the equalization duty ratio is a ratio of a duration of the equalization period to a duration of the unit period; and according to the equalization current, in the unit period
  • the equalization period controls the equalization of the unit cells that need to be balanced;
  • the equalization module is configured to equalize the corresponding single cells under the control of the control module.
  • control module is configured to determine one of the single cells that need to be equalized as a reference battery; and a reference value of the performance parameter of the reference battery according to a value of a performance parameter of the reference battery And determining the equalization current of the single cell that needs to be equalized with the preset equalization duty ratio.
  • the performance parameter is a voltage
  • the control module is configured to determine, as a reference battery, a single battery that minimizes a difference between a voltage value of the battery pack and a reference value of a voltage, where the reference value of the voltage is a minimum voltage among voltage values of each single battery a value, a maximum voltage value, or an average voltage value; determining a first SOC value corresponding to the reference value of the voltage according to a reference value of the voltage and an OCV-SOC curve of the reference battery; Determining, by the voltage value of the body battery and the corresponding OCV-SOC curve of the unit cell that needs to be equalized, a second SOC value corresponding to the voltage value of the unit cell that needs to be equalized; according to the first SOC value, Determining the equalization current of the single cell by describing the second SOC value and the equalization duty ratio.
  • the performance parameter is a voltage
  • the control module is configured to: according to the voltage difference between the voltage value of the single cell that needs to be equalized and the reference value of the voltage, the equalization duty ratio, and the voltage difference value, the equalization duty ratio, and the equalization current
  • the preset relationship between the presets determines the equalization current of the unit cells that need to be balanced.
  • the performance parameter is SOC
  • the reference value of the SOC is a minimum voltage value, a maximum voltage value, or an average voltage value among SOC values of the respective single cells
  • control module is further configured to determine, according to the equalization current, a target number of equalization resistors that need to be connected in parallel with the unit cells that need to be equalized; and control the target number of equalization resistors and the A balanced single cell is required in parallel.
  • control module is further configured to: when the equalization process of the single cell that needs to be balanced, detects that any performance parameter of the single cell that needs to be balanced meets the performance When the equalization current adjustment condition corresponding to the parameter is used, the equalization current of the single cell that needs to be equalized is adjusted, and the performance parameter includes at least: voltage, SOC, internal resistance, self-discharge rate, voltage change rate, power change rate, And the rate of change of time.
  • control module is connected to an acquisition module and an equalization module corresponding to the same single cell through a channel, and the control module is configured to determine that the single battery connected to the control module does not need to be equalized. Controlling the control module to connect with a corresponding sampling module; or
  • the control module is further configured to: when the cell connected to the control module needs to be equalized, the acquiring module and the equalization module time-multiplex the channel.
  • the control module is connected to the acquisition module and the equalization module corresponding to the same single cell through a channel, and the acquisition module and the equalization module time-multiplex the channels.
  • control module includes a control chip that is coupled to the acquisition module and the equalization module corresponding to the same single cell through a pin and the one channel.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a vehicle including the battery equalization system described above.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, comprising: the foregoing computer readable storage medium; and one or more processors for executing a program in the computer readable storage medium.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système d'égalisation de batterie, un véhicule, un support d'informations et un dispositif électronique. Le procédé comprend : la détermination de cellules devant être égalisées dans un bloc-batterie en fonction d'informations de cellule de cellules du bloc-batterie obtenues dans une période d'échantillonnage d'un cycle unitaire (S51) ; l'obtention, en fonction des informations de cellule des cellules, de valeurs de paramètres de performance des cellules devant être égalisées et de valeurs de référence des paramètres de performance (S52) ; la détermination, en fonction des valeurs de paramètres de performance des cellules devant être égalisées, des valeurs de référence des paramètres de performance et d'un cycle de service d'égalisation prédéfini, du courant d'égalisation des cellules devant être égalisées (S53) ; et en fonction du courant d'égalisation, la commande, dans une période d'égalisation du cycle unitaire, de l'égalisation des cellules devant être égalisées (S54). Par conséquent, l'acquisition et l'égalisation d'informations de cellule peuvent être réalisées dans le temps ; en fonction des informations de cellule des cellules, le courant d'égalisation des cellules est déterminé pour réaliser une égalisation, de sorte que l'efficacité d'égalisation peut être améliorée.
PCT/CN2018/103470 2017-08-31 2018-08-31 Procédé et système d'égalisation de batterie, véhicule, support d'informations, et dispositif électronique WO2019042400A1 (fr)

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