WO2019037713A1 - 膜元件和滤芯 - Google Patents

膜元件和滤芯 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019037713A1
WO2019037713A1 PCT/CN2018/101508 CN2018101508W WO2019037713A1 WO 2019037713 A1 WO2019037713 A1 WO 2019037713A1 CN 2018101508 W CN2018101508 W CN 2018101508W WO 2019037713 A1 WO2019037713 A1 WO 2019037713A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
membrane
membrane unit
unit
raw water
element according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/101508
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
沈科
侯贻直
王晨
Original Assignee
艾欧史密斯（中国）环境电器有限公司
艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201721047437.6U external-priority patent/CN207418343U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710719677.4A external-priority patent/CN109422329B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201721647839.XU external-priority patent/CN207667450U/zh
Application filed by 艾欧史密斯（中国）环境电器有限公司, 艾欧史密斯(中国)热水器有限公司 filed Critical 艾欧史密斯（中国）环境电器有限公司
Priority to EP18848985.0A priority Critical patent/EP3673980A4/en
Priority to US16/638,426 priority patent/US20210023504A1/en
Publication of WO2019037713A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019037713A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/10—Spiral-wound membrane modules
    • B01D63/107—Specific properties of the central tube or the permeate channel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/027—Nanofiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/029—Multistep processes comprising different kinds of membrane processes selected from reverse osmosis, hyperfiltration or nanofiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/10—Spiral-wound membrane modules
    • B01D63/12—Spiral-wound membrane modules comprising multiple spiral-wound assemblies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/04—Specific sealing means
    • B01D2313/042—Adhesives or glues
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/08—Flow guidance means within the module or the apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/08—Flow guidance means within the module or the apparatus
    • B01D2313/086—Meandering flow path over the membrane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/19—Specific flow restrictors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/21—Specific headers, end caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
    • B01D2315/10—Cross-flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2319/00—Membrane assemblies within one housing
    • B01D2319/02—Elements in series
    • B01D2319/022—Reject series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2319/00—Membrane assemblies within one housing
    • B01D2319/06—Use of membranes of different materials or properties within one module
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C02F2201/004—Seals, connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C02F2201/006—Cartridges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of water treatment, and in particular to a membrane element and a filter element.
  • roll membrane elements are often used to filter water.
  • the front side of the membrane element forms a raw water flow path, and the back side interlayer forms a pure water flow path.
  • the length of the raw water channel corresponds to the length of the pure water channel, and when the length of the raw water channel of the single membrane element is too long, the length of the corresponding pure water channel is also too long, resulting in The back pressure of the pure water side of the membrane element is large, resulting in a decrease in the water production of the pure water of the membrane under the same water production pressure.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a membrane element and a filter element which can solve at least one of the above technical problems.
  • a membrane element comprising:
  • the wastewater outlet of the first membrane unit is in communication with the raw water inlet of the second membrane unit, and the wastewater outlet of the first membrane unit is in a state in which the first membrane unit and the second membrane unit are in an unfolded state
  • the raw water inlets of the second membrane unit are located on the same side of the corresponding side.
  • the first membrane unit and the second membrane unit are collectively wound on the water collection tube at one time.
  • the first membrane unit and the second membrane unit are stacked in a state in which the membrane element is unfolded.
  • the membrane element has a first side joined to the header and a second side opposite the first side in an expanded state; a waste water outlet of the first membrane unit and the The raw water inlet of the second membrane unit is located on the second side when deployed.
  • the membrane element has an opposite third side and a fourth side in an unfolded state, the third side and the fourth side being respectively opposite the first side and the second side Connecting, a raw water inlet of the first membrane unit is disposed adjacent to the third side of the first side, and a waste water outlet of the second membrane unit is disposed adjacent to the first side Four sides.
  • the third side of the raw water flow channel side of the first membrane unit is sealed except for the raw water inlet of the first membrane unit, and the fourth side of the raw water flow passage side of the first membrane unit Sealing; a fourth side of the raw material flow passage side of the second membrane unit is sealed except for the waste water outlet of the second membrane unit, and a third side seal of the raw material flow passage side of the second membrane unit is sealed .
  • the third side of the raw water flow path side of the first membrane unit removes a portion of the raw water inlet of the first membrane unit and a third side of the raw water flow passage side of the second membrane unit Removing a portion of the raw water inlet corresponding to the first membrane unit is sealed by a first end cap, a third side of the second membrane unit corresponding to a portion of the raw water inlet of the first membrane unit at the second The membrane unit is sealed on the side of the raw water flow path on the third side.
  • the fourth side of the raw water flow path side of the second membrane unit removes a portion of the waste water outlet of the second membrane unit and a fourth side of the raw water flow passage side of the first membrane unit Removing a portion corresponding to the waste water outlet of the second membrane unit by a second end cap, a fourth side of the first membrane unit corresponding to a portion of the second membrane unit of the waste water outlet at the first
  • the membrane unit is sealed on the surface on the side of the raw water flow path of the fourth side.
  • the waste water outlet of the first membrane unit and the raw water inlet of the second membrane unit are located at one end of the membrane element, and the raw water inlet of the first membrane unit and the wastewater outlet of the second membrane unit are located The other end of the membrane element.
  • the membrane element has a first side connected to the water collecting tube and a second side opposite to the first side in an unfolded state, and the membrane element has an opposite state in an unfolded state a third side and a fourth side, the third side and the fourth side are respectively connected to the first side and the second side, and the waste water outlet of the first membrane unit is disposed close to On the fourth side of the second side, a raw water inlet of the second membrane unit is disposed on a fourth side adjacent to the first side, and a raw water inlet of the first membrane unit is disposed On a third side adjacent to the first side, a waste water outlet of the second membrane unit is disposed adjacent a third side of the second side.
  • the third side of the raw water flow path side of the first membrane unit is sealed except for the raw water inlet of the first membrane unit, and the fourth side of the first membrane unit is the fourth side of the raw water flow passage.
  • a side seal except for the waste water outlet of the first membrane unit;
  • a fourth side of the raw water flow passage side of the second membrane unit is sealed except for the raw water inlet of the second membrane unit.
  • the third side of the raw water flow path side of the second membrane unit is sealed except for the waste water outlet of the second membrane unit, and the second side of the membrane element is sealed.
  • a third side of the raw water flow path side of the first membrane unit removes a raw water inlet of the first membrane unit and a portion corresponding to a waste water outlet of the second membrane unit and the second membrane
  • the third side of the raw water flow path side of the unit removes a portion corresponding to the raw water inlet of the first membrane unit and the waste water outlet of the second membrane unit through an end cap; the third of the first membrane unit a portion of the side corresponding to the waste water outlet of the second membrane unit is sealed on a surface of the first membrane unit adjacent to the raw water flow passage side of the third side; a third side of the second membrane unit A portion corresponding to the raw water inlet of the first membrane unit is sealed on a surface of the second membrane unit adjacent to the raw water passage side of the three sides.
  • a fourth side of the raw water flow path side of the first membrane unit removes a waste water outlet of the first membrane unit and a portion corresponding to a raw water inlet of the second membrane unit and the second membrane a fourth side of the raw water flow path side of the unit removes a portion corresponding to the waste water outlet of the first membrane unit and the raw water inlet of the second membrane unit through an end cap;
  • the fourth membrane unit is fourth a portion of the side corresponding to the raw water inlet of the second membrane unit is sealed on a surface of the first membrane unit adjacent to the raw water channel side of the fourth side;
  • a fourth side of the second membrane unit A portion corresponding to the waste water outlet of the first membrane unit is sealed on a surface of the second membrane unit adjacent to the raw water flow passage side of the four sides.
  • the membrane element further includes a first end cap and a second end cap disposed at both ends of the water collecting pipe, the first end cap having a first opening communicating with a raw water inlet of the first membrane unit and a second opening communicating with the waste water outlet of the second membrane unit, a third through hole communicating with the waste water outlet of the first membrane unit, and a raw water inlet connected to the second membrane unit Fourth through hole.
  • the first membrane unit and the second membrane unit are arranged side by side in the axial direction of the water collection tube, and the membrane element has a first side and a connection with the water collection tube in an unfolded state. a second side opposite the first side; a waste water outlet of the first membrane unit and a raw water inlet of the second membrane unit are located on a second side when unfolded, and the membrane element is in an expanded state
  • the third side edge and the fourth side edge are respectively connected to the first side edge and the second side edge, and the raw water inlet of the first film unit is disposed On the third side adjacent to the first side, the waste water outlet of the second membrane unit is disposed adjacent to a fourth side of the first side.
  • the first membrane unit has a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the direction of the water collecting tube axis
  • the second membrane unit has a third end and a fourth end opposite to each other in the axial direction of the water collecting tube
  • the second end of the first membrane unit and the third end of the second membrane unit are oppositely disposed
  • the membrane element includes a first end cover, a second end cover, a third end cover, and a fourth end cover, and the first end cover, the second end cover, the third end cover, and the fourth end cover are respectively disposed correspondingly The first end and the second end of the first membrane unit are disposed at the third end and the fourth end of the second membrane unit;
  • the fourth side of the first water flow passage of the first membrane unit is sealed by the second end cap;
  • the third side of the raw water flow channel side of the second membrane unit is sealed by the third end cap;
  • a portion of the second side of the second membrane unit on the side of the raw water passage that removes the waste water outlet of the second membrane unit is sealed by a fourth end cap.
  • the membrane element has a first side joined to the header and a second side opposite the first side in an expanded state; a waste water outlet of the first membrane unit and the The raw water inlet of the second membrane unit is located on the second side when unfolded, and the membrane element comprises a membrane shell formed between the membrane shell and the outer wall surface of the first membrane unit and/or the second membrane unit The third space.
  • the first membrane unit and the second membrane unit are made of the same or different filter membrane materials.
  • the first membrane unit is a nanofiltration membrane and the second membrane unit is a reverse osmosis membrane.
  • the membrane area of the first membrane unit is smaller than the membrane area of the second membrane unit.
  • the first membrane unit and the second membrane unit are both reverse osmosis membranes.
  • the membrane surface area of the first membrane unit is larger than the membrane surface area of the second membrane unit.
  • the number of the first membrane units is plural, and the plurality of the first membrane units are made of the same or different filter membrane materials.
  • the number of the second membrane units is plural, and the plurality of the second membrane units are made of the same or different filter membrane materials.
  • the raw water flow paths of the first membrane unit and the second membrane unit each extend spirally in the circumferential direction of the water collection tube.
  • the present application also discloses a membrane element comprising: at least one water collection tube, a first membrane unit wound on the water collection tube, and a second membrane unit wound on the water collection tube, the first At least one raw water flow path of the membrane unit and the second membrane unit spirally extends in a circumferential direction of the water collection tube, and a waste water outlet of the first membrane unit communicates with a raw water inlet of the second membrane unit.
  • the embodiment of the present application also discloses a filter element comprising the membrane element as described above.
  • the pure water flow path of the membrane element in the embodiment of the present application is maintained, so that the back pressure of the pure water remains unchanged, but the number of water inflow pages of the raw water is reduced by way of a membrane surface connection or the like.
  • the raw water flow path is extended, thereby increasing the surface flow velocity of the membrane element, improving the anti-pollution performance of the membrane, prolonging the membrane life, and the water production amount of the pure water of the membrane element is the same under the same inlet pressure.
  • the preparation method of the membrane element in the examples of the present application is relatively simple.
  • the membrane element in the examples of the present application has a small volume.
  • Fig. 1 is a view showing the structure of a membrane element in an unfolded state in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the membrane element of one embodiment of Figure 1 in an unfolded state.
  • Figure 3 is a front elevational view of the membrane element of another embodiment of Figure 1 in an unfolded state.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the principle of the flow path of the membrane element of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the principle of the membrane element of Fig. 1 in an unfolded state.
  • Fig. 6 shows a structural view of a membrane element similar to the membrane element structure of Fig. 1, with a membrane shell.
  • Fig. 7 is a view showing the structure of a membrane element in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 shows a fluid schematic of the membrane element of Figure 7.
  • Figure 9 shows a structural view of a membrane element similar to the membrane element structure of Figure 1, with a membrane shell.
  • Fig. 10 is a view showing the structure of a membrane element in another embodiment of the present application in an unfolded state.
  • Figure 11 is a front elevational view of the membrane element of one embodiment of Figure 10 in an unfolded state.
  • Figure 12 is a front elevational view of the membrane element of another embodiment of Figure 10 in an unfolded state.
  • Fig. 13 is a view showing a concrete structure of the membrane element of Fig. 10.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the flow path of the membrane element of Figure 10.
  • Fig. 15 is a view showing the structure of a membrane element in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the flow path of the membrane element of Figure 15.
  • Figure 17 is a view showing a specific structure of the second center tube of Figure 15.
  • Figure 18 shows a cross-sectional view of Figure 17.
  • Fig. 19 is a view showing another specific structure of the second center tube of Fig. 15.
  • Figure 20 shows a cross-sectional view of Figure 19.
  • Fig. 21 is a view showing the structure of the lower half of the membrane element of Fig. 15.
  • Fig. 22 is a view showing the structure of the upper half of the membrane element of Fig. 15.
  • Fig. 23 is a view showing the structure of a membrane element in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 24 is a view showing the structure of the lower half of the membrane element of Fig. 23.
  • Fig. 25 is a view showing the structure of the upper half of the membrane element of Fig. 23.
  • Fig. 26 is a view showing the structure of a membrane element in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 27 is a flow chart showing the membrane element of Figure 26.
  • Fig. 28 is a view showing the structure of a membrane element in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 29 is a view showing the structure of a membrane element in another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 30 is a view showing the structure of a membrane element in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a membrane element comprising: at least one water collection tube 1, a first membrane unit 2 and a second membrane unit 3 co-rolled on the water collection tube 1.
  • the embodiment of the present application discloses a membrane element comprising: at least one water collection tube 1, a first membrane unit 2 wound on the water collection tube 1 and a second membrane unit wound on the water collection tube 1 3.
  • the raw water flow paths of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 spirally extend in the circumferential direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • At least one raw water flow path of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 spirally extends in the circumferential direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is in communication with the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit, and the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are in an unfolded state, the first membrane unit
  • the waste water outlet 22 is located on the same side of the same as the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit.
  • the first film unit 2 and the second film unit 3 may be stacked in a state in which the first film unit 2 and the second film unit 3 are in an unfolded state.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may also be arranged side by side in the axial direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit may be located on the circumferential surface of the membrane element, and the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit may be located on the circumferential surface of the membrane element.
  • the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit and the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit may be located at an end of at least one end of the membrane element.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be co-rolled on one of the water collection tubes 1.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be co-rolled together on one of the water collection tubes 1 at a time.
  • the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit in the embodiment of the present application is in communication with the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit.
  • the back pressure of the pure water remains unchanged, but the number of water inflow pages of the raw water is reduced by the way of the membrane surface series connection, and the flow is reduced.
  • the length of the road is extended, thereby increasing the surface flow rate of the membrane element, improving the anti-pollution performance of the membrane, prolonging the membrane life, and the water production amount of the pure water of the membrane element under the same inlet pressure is constant.
  • the waste water outlet of the first membrane unit and the raw water inlet of the second membrane unit are located on the same side, which is also convenient for processing, manufacturing, assembly, and adopting the structure.
  • the volume of the membrane element can also be small.
  • first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 in the embodiment of the present application are collectively wound on one water collection tube, whereby the volume of the membrane element can be in a small range.
  • first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 in the embodiment of the present application can be co-rolled on one water collecting tube 1 at a time, so that the preparation method of the membrane element is relatively easy, and the number of processing steps is small.
  • the raw water flow path of the membrane unit is generally adopted in such a manner as to enter from one end of the membrane unit and exit from the other end.
  • the raw water flow path of at least one of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 used in the embodiment of the present application spirally extends in the circumferential direction of the water collection tube 1. Since the first membrane unit 2 and/or the second membrane unit 3 are wound on the water collection tube 1, the raw water flow path of the membrane unit in this manner is long.
  • the raw water flow paths of the first membrane unit 2 and/or the second membrane unit 3 in this manner cannot be extended without limitation.
  • the pure water flow path of the membrane unit spirally extending along the circumferential direction of the water collection pipe 1 is correspondingly lengthened, and the back pressure of the membrane unit is large, which easily causes the film.
  • the unit's pure water production decreased.
  • the membrane element in this embodiment includes a water collection tube 1, a first membrane unit 2, and a second membrane unit 3.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are collectively wound on the water collection tube 1 at one time.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are stacked in a state in which the membrane element is in an unfolded state.
  • a raw water flow path is formed between the front faces of the adjacent first film units 2.
  • a raw water flow path is also formed between the front faces of the adjacent second film units 3.
  • Both the back surface of the first membrane unit 2 and the back surface of the second membrane unit 3 are pure water flow paths, and all flow to the water collection tube 1.
  • the raw water flow path of the first membrane unit 2 flows in a direction away from the water collection tube 1, and the raw water flow path of the second membrane unit 3 flows in a direction toward the water collection tube 1.
  • the diaphragm materials of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be the same or different.
  • the diaphragm material between each of the first membrane units 2 may also be the same or different.
  • the membrane material between each of the second membrane units 3 may also be the same or different.
  • the first film unit 2 and the second film unit 3 have at least two sheets.
  • the number of pages of the first film unit 2 and the second film unit 3 may be equal or unequal.
  • the number of the first membrane units 2 is greater than the number of the third membrane units 3.
  • the number of the first film units 2 may also be smaller than the number of the third film units 3.
  • the front side of the film sheet is sealed at C, D, E (water collecting pipe) by folding, glue, etc. (front side, back side), and the reverse side of the film sheet is in A, B. Sealed by folding, glue, etc. (back side, front side), with the seal formed by AD, AC and BD, BE glue on the back of the film, so that pure water and raw water are separated.
  • the raw water flow paths of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 both spirally extend in the circumferential direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is located on the circumferential surface of the front surface of the membrane element, and the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit is located on the circumferential surface of the front surface of the membrane element.
  • the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is in communication with the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit.
  • the membrane element when the membrane element is in an unfolded state, the membrane element has a first side 71 (left side in the drawing) and a second side 72 (right side in the figure), and a third side 73. (upper side in the figure) and fourth side 74 (lower side in the figure), wherein the first side 71 and the second side 72 are oppositely disposed, and the third side 73 and the fourth side 74 are oppositely disposed.
  • the third side 73 and the fourth side 74 are connected to the first side 71 and the second side 72, respectively.
  • the side of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 connected to the water collection tube 1 is the first side 71 of the membrane element.
  • the pure water outlet of the first membrane unit 2 and the pure water outlet of the second membrane unit 3 are connected to the water collection tube 1 at the first side 71. Thereby, the pure water produced by the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 can be led out from the water collection tube 1.
  • the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit and the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit are located on the second side 72 when deployed. When the membrane element is in the unfolded state, the raw water flow paths of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 extend along the length direction of the membrane element.
  • the membrane element has a first end (upper end in the drawing) and a second end (lower end in the drawing) which are opposed in the axial direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit is located at the first end of the membrane element.
  • a waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit is located at a second end of the membrane element.
  • the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit is disposed at the third side 73 of the first membrane unit 2
  • the wastewater outlet 32 of the second membrane unit is disposed at the second membrane unit 3 Four sides 74.
  • the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit may be disposed adjacent to the third side 73 of the first side 71.
  • the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit may be disposed adjacent the fourth side 74 of the first side 71.
  • the third side 73 of the raw material flow path side of the first membrane unit 2 is sealed except for the portion (AB section) of the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit, the first membrane.
  • the fourth side 74 (oD section) on the raw water flow path side of the unit 2 is sealed.
  • the fourth side 74 of the second membrane unit 3 on the side of the raw water flow passage is sealed except for a portion (EF section) corresponding to the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit, the original of the second membrane unit 3
  • the third side 73 (OH section) on one side of the water flow channel is sealed.
  • the third side edge 73 of the first membrane unit 2 on the raw water flow channel side removes the portion of the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit and the second membrane.
  • the third side 73 on the raw water flow path side of the unit 2 removes a portion corresponding to the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit (the AB segment of the third side 73 of the first membrane unit 2, the first The GH section of the third side 73 of the two membrane unit 3 is sealed by a first end cap 81, the third side 73 of which corresponds to the portion of the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit (
  • the OG segment of the fourth side 74 of the second membrane unit 3 is glued to the surface of the second membrane unit 3 on the side of the raw water passage adjacent to the third side 73.
  • the fourth side 74 of the second membrane unit 3 on the raw water flow passage side removes the portion of the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit and the fourth side of the raw water flow passage side of the first membrane unit 2
  • the edge 74 removes a portion corresponding to the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit (the CD segment of the fourth side 74 of the first membrane unit 2, and the EF of the third side 73 of the second membrane unit 3) Section) sealed by a second end cap 82, the fourth side 74 of the first membrane unit 2 corresponding to a portion of the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit (the fourth side of the first membrane unit 2)
  • the oC segment of 74) is glued to the surface of the first membrane unit 2 on the side of the raw water flow path adjacent to the fourth side 74.
  • sealing by end caps in the present application generally means applying glue to the ends of the membrane unit and bonding to the wall surface of the end cap.
  • the membrane element of the embodiment of the present application may include a membrane shell 5 through which the water collection tube 1 is passed.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are disposed in the membrane casing 5, the outer surface of the first membrane unit 2 or the second membrane unit 3 and the membrane shell 5
  • An interlayer 63 is formed between the inner walls such that the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit communicates with the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit.
  • the first end cover 81 is provided with a first opening that communicates with the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit.
  • the second end cap 82 is provided with a second opening that communicates with the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit.
  • the waste water generated by the first membrane unit 2 flows into the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit located on the circumferential surface through the waste water outlet at the circumferential surface thereof.
  • the pure water produced by the filtration of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 is led out from the water collection tube 1 outward. Therefore, the raw water flow path of the membrane element can be substantially regarded as the superposition of the raw water flow path of the first membrane unit 2 and the raw water flow path of the second membrane unit 3, and thus the membrane surface flow velocity of the membrane element in the embodiment of the present application is more
  • the fast membrane element has better stain resistance and a longer life, and the water yield of the pure water of the membrane element is the same under the same inlet pressure.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are collectively wound on one water collecting tube 1 at a time, and therefore the preparation of the membrane element in the present embodiment is relatively simple. It can be seen from the structure of the above filter element that the structure of the filter element is relatively simple and easy to install.
  • first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be made of the same membrane material.
  • first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be reverse osmosis membranes.
  • the wastewater of the first membrane unit 2 enters the second membrane unit 3
  • the first membrane unit 2 since the first membrane unit 2 produces a portion of pure water, it enters the second membrane unit 3
  • the amount of water is smaller than the first membrane unit 2, and in order to maintain the surface flow velocity of the second membrane unit 3, the membrane surface area of the first membrane unit 2 is larger than the membrane surface area of the second membrane unit 3 (ie, The number of pages of the film sheet of the first film unit 2 is larger than the number of pages of the film sheet of the second film unit 3.
  • the number of the first film units 2 may be plural, and the plurality of the first film units 2 are the same or different, considering the linear velocity of the diaphragm and other actual conditions.
  • the number of the second membrane units 3 may be plural, and the plurality of the second membrane units 3 are made of the same or different filter membrane materials.
  • the number of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be plural, and the plurality of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are made of the same or different filter membrane materials. production.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be made of different membranes in order to retain a certain amount of minerals in the prepared pure water.
  • the first membrane unit 2 may be a nanofiltration membrane and the second membrane unit 3 may be a reverse osmosis membrane.
  • the membrane surface area of the first membrane unit 2 is smaller than the membrane surface area of the second membrane unit 3 (ie, the first The number of pages of the film sheet of one film unit 2 is smaller than the number of pages of the film page of the second film unit).
  • the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is located on the circumferential surface of the membrane element
  • the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit is located on the circumferential surface of the membrane element. on.
  • the raw water flow paths of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 both spirally extend in the circumferential direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit is located at the upper end of the first membrane unit 2.
  • the wastewater outlet 32 of the second membrane unit is located at the lower end of the second membrane unit 3.
  • first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are arranged side by side in the axial direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be rolled onto the water collection tube 1 one or two times.
  • the first membrane unit 2 has a first end (the upper end of the first membrane unit 2 in the drawing) and a second end opposite to each other in the axial direction of the water collection tube 1. (the lower end of the first membrane unit 2 is illustrated in the drawing), the second membrane unit 3 has a third end (the upper end of the second membrane unit 3 in the drawing) opposite to the axial direction of the water collection tube 1 and Four ends (the upper end of the second membrane unit 3 described in the figure).
  • the second end of the first membrane unit 2 and the third end of the second membrane unit 3 are disposed adjacent to each other.
  • the membrane element includes a first end cap 81, a second end cap 82, a third end cap 83, and a fourth end cap 84.
  • the first end cover 81, the second end cover 82, the third end cover 83, and the fourth end cover 84 are respectively disposed at the first end and the second end of the first film unit 2, and are disposed at the second end.
  • the third side edge 73 of the first film unit 2 on the raw water flow path side is removed from the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit (AB section) by the first end cap 81.
  • the first end cover 81 is provided with a third opening that communicates with the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit.
  • the fourth side 74 (oD section) of the first film unit 2 on the raw water flow path side is sealed by the second end cap 82.
  • the third side 73 (OH section) on the raw water flow path side of the second membrane unit 3 is sealed by the third end cap 83.
  • the fourth side 74 of the second membrane unit 3 on the side of the raw water flow path removes a portion (oF section) of the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit and is sealed by the fourth end cap 84.
  • the fourth end cover 84 defines a fourth opening communicating with the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit.
  • the second end cap 82 and the third end cap 83 respectively seal the fourth side 74 of the first membrane unit 2 and the third side 73 of the second membrane unit 3, thereby The first membrane unit 2 is isolated from the raw water flow path of the second membrane unit 3.
  • the waste water generated by the first membrane unit 2 flows into the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit on the circumferential surface through the waste water outlet at the circumferential surface thereof. Therefore, the raw water flow path of the membrane element can be substantially regarded as the superposition of the raw water flow path of the first membrane unit 2 and the raw water flow path of the second membrane unit 3, and thus the membrane surface flow velocity of the membrane element in the embodiment of the present application is more
  • the fast membrane element has better stain resistance and a longer life, and the water yield of the pure water of the membrane element is the same under the same inlet pressure.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are collectively wound one or two times on one water collection tube 1, and therefore the preparation of the membrane element in the present embodiment is relatively simple.
  • the membrane element has a small cross-sectional area, but the length of the raw water flow path is long.
  • the membrane element of the embodiment of the present application may include a membrane shell 5 through which the water collection tube 1 is passed.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are disposed in the membrane casing 5, the outer membrane faces of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 and the membrane shell 5
  • An interlayer 63 is formed between the inner walls such that the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit communicates with the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit.
  • first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be made of different membranes in order to retain a certain amount of minerals in the prepared pure water.
  • first membrane unit 2 may be a nanofiltration membrane and the second membrane unit 3 may be a reverse osmosis membrane.
  • the membrane surface area of the first membrane unit 2 is smaller than the membrane surface area of the second membrane unit 3 in order to ensure the salt rejection rate of the effluent and prevent scaling of the water.
  • the first membrane unit 2 is along the axial direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the length is smaller than the length of the second membrane unit 3 along the axial direction of the water collection tube 1 (as shown).
  • the cross-sectional area of the first membrane unit 2 in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the water collection tube 1 is smaller than The cross-sectional area of the cross section of the second membrane unit 3 perpendicular to the axial direction of the water collection tube 1 is described.
  • the raw water flow path of one of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 is spirally extended along the circumferential direction of the water collection tube 1 , which is also feasible. .
  • the membrane element in this embodiment includes a water collection tube 1, a first membrane unit 2, and a second membrane unit 3.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are collectively wound on the water collection tube 1 at one time.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are stacked in a state in which the membrane element is in an unfolded state.
  • a raw water flow path is formed between the front faces of the adjacent first film units 2.
  • a raw water flow path is also formed between the front faces of the adjacent second film units 3.
  • Both the back surface of the first membrane unit 2 and the back surface of the second membrane unit 3 are pure water flow paths, and all flow to the water collection tube 1.
  • the raw water flow path of the first membrane unit 2 flows in a direction away from the water collection tube 1, and the raw water flow path of the second membrane unit 3 flows in a direction toward the water collection tube 1.
  • the diaphragm materials of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be the same or different.
  • the diaphragm material between each of the first membrane units 2 may also be the same or different.
  • the membrane material between each of the second membrane units 3 may also be the same or different.
  • the first film unit 2 and the second film unit 3 have at least two sheets.
  • the number of pages of the first film unit 2 and the second film unit 3 may be equal or unequal. Referring to FIG. 11, the number of the first film units 2 is larger than the number of the third film units 3. Referring to FIG. 12, the number of the first film units 2 may also be smaller than the number of the third film units 3.
  • the front side of the film sheet is sealed at C, D, E (water collecting pipe) by folding, glue, etc. (front side, back side), and the reverse side of the film sheet is folded at A and B. Sealed by the glue (such as the reverse side, the front side), and the seal formed by the AD, AC and BD, BE glue on the back of the film sheet, so that the pure water and the raw water are separated.
  • the raw water flow paths of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 both spirally extend in the circumferential direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the membrane element has a first end (upper end in the drawing) and a second end (lower end in the drawing) which are opposed to each other in the axial direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • a raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit is located at a first end of the membrane element.
  • the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is located at the second end of the membrane element.
  • a raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit is located at a second end of the membrane element.
  • the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is in communication with the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit.
  • a waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit is located at a first end of the membrane element.
  • the membrane element also includes a first end cap 81 disposed at a first end of the membrane element and a second end cap 82 disposed at a second end of the membrane element.
  • the first end cap 81 has a first through hole 61 communicating with the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit and a second through hole 62 communicating with the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit, the second end
  • the cover 82 has a third through hole 981 communicating with the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit and a fourth through hole 982 communicating with the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit.
  • the third through hole 981 and the fourth through hole 982 may form a communicating flow path through a membrane case or the like.
  • the membrane element has a first side 71 (left side in the drawing) connected to the water collection tube 1 and a second side 72 opposite to the first side 71 in an unfolded state. (on the right side of the figure), the membrane element also has an opposite third side 73 (upper side in the figure) and a fourth side 74 (lower side in the figure) in the unfolded state, the third side 73 And the fourth side 74 is connected to the first side 71 and the second side 72, respectively.
  • the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is disposed adjacent the fourth side 74 of the second side 72.
  • the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit is disposed adjacent to the fourth side 74 of the first side 71.
  • the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit is disposed adjacent to the third side 73 of the first side 71.
  • the wastewater of the second membrane unit 3 is disposed adjacent to the third side 73 of the second side 72.
  • the third side 73 of the raw water flow channel side of the first membrane unit 2 is in addition to the a portion (AB segment) outside the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit is sealed; a portion of the fourth side 74 of the first membrane unit 2 on the raw water flow passage side other than the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit (oL segment) sealing; the fourth side 74 of the second membrane unit 3 on the side of the raw water passage is sealed except for the portion (OQ section) of the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit, the second membrane The third side 73 of the unit 3 on the side of the raw water passage is sealed except for the portion (EF section) of the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit, and the second side 72 of the membrane element is sealed.
  • the third side 73 of the first membrane unit 2 on the raw water channel side removes the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit and the wastewater outlet 32 corresponding to the second membrane unit.
  • a portion and a third side 73 of the raw water flow path side of the second membrane unit 3 removes a portion corresponding to the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit and the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit (ie, The AM segment of the third side 73 of the first membrane unit 2 and the GQ segment of the third side 73 of the second membrane unit 3 are sealed by the first end cap 81.
  • the third side 73 of the first membrane unit 2 corresponds to a portion of the wastewater outlet 32 of the second membrane unit (ie, the MB segment of the third side 73 of the first membrane unit 2) at the A film unit 2 is glued to the surface of the third side 73 on the side of the raw water flow path.
  • the third side 73 of the second membrane unit 3 corresponds to a portion of the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit (ie, an OG segment of the third side 73 of the second membrane unit 3) at the The second membrane unit 3 is glued to the surface on the side of the raw water flow path on the three sides.
  • the fourth side 74 of the first membrane unit 2 on the side of the raw water passage removes the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit and the portion corresponding to the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit and the second
  • the fourth side 74 of the raw water flow path side of the membrane unit 3 removes a portion corresponding to the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit and the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit (ie, the first membrane unit 2
  • the CL section of the fourth side 74 and the EP section of the fourth side 74 of the second membrane unit 3 are sealed by the second end cap 82.
  • the fourth side 74 of the first membrane unit 2 corresponds to a portion of the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit (ie, the OC segment of the fourth side 74 of the first membrane unit 2) at the A film unit 2 is glued to the surface of the fourth side 74 on the side of the raw water flow path.
  • the fourth side 74 of the second membrane unit 3 corresponds to a portion of the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit (ie, the PF section of the fourth side 74 of the second membrane unit 3) at the The second membrane unit 3 is glued to the surface on the side of the raw water flow path on the four sides.
  • the second side 72 of the membrane element on the raw water flow path side is sealed by a tape so that waste water cannot flow out from the circumferential surface of the membrane element.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be made of the same membrane material.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 may be reverse osmosis membranes.
  • first film unit 2 and the second film unit 3 can be selected according to actual needs, and are not described here.
  • the present application discloses a membrane element comprising a header 1, a first membrane unit 2 and a second membrane unit 3.
  • the raw water flow paths of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 spirally extend in the circumferential direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the water collection tube 1 includes a first central tube 11 and a second central tube 12 sleeved outside the first central tube 11.
  • the first membrane unit 2 is wound on the first central tube 11, and the inner side of the first central tube 11 has a first pure water guiding channel communicating with the pure water outlet of the first membrane unit 2 111, thereby collecting pure water produced by the filtration of the first membrane unit 2.
  • the second membrane unit 3 is wound on the second central tube 12, and the second central tube 12 is provided with a second pure water guiding channel communicating with the pure water outlet of the second membrane unit 3. 112.
  • the second pure water guiding channel 112 is isolated from the inner side of the second central tube 12.
  • the first side 71 (the left side in the drawing) of the first film unit 2 is connected to the first center tube 11, that is, The pure water outlet of the first membrane unit 2 is located at the first side 71, that is, the back interlayer of the first membrane unit 2 is in communication with the first central tube 11 so as to be able to permeate and filter out from the raw water channel. Pure water is collected to the first central tube 11.
  • the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit is located at a second side 72 opposite the first side 71 (i.e., on the circumferential surface after being rolled).
  • the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is located at a third side 73 and a fourth side 74.
  • the third side 73 and the fourth side 74 are connected to the first side 71 and the second side 72, respectively. That is, the wastewater generated by the filtration through the first membrane unit 2 flows out from both end portions of the first membrane unit 2.
  • the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is adjacent to the first side edge 71 of the second membrane unit 3 and away from the second side edge 72 thereof.
  • the first side 71 (the left side in the figure) of the second membrane unit 3 is connected to the second central tube 12, that is, the second membrane unit
  • the pure water outlet of 3 is located at the first side 71 thereof, that is, the pure water outlet of the second membrane unit 3 is in communication with the second central tube 12, so that the pure water permeated and filtered from the raw water flow channel can be collected to Second central tube 12.
  • the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit is located at a second side 72 of the second membrane unit 3 opposite the first side 71 (ie, on the circumferential surface after being rolled).
  • the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit is located at the third side 73 and the fourth side 74 of the second membrane unit 3.
  • the third side 73 and the fourth side 74 are connected to the first side 71 and the second side 72, respectively. That is, the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit is located at both ends thereof.
  • the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit is adjacent to its first side 71 and away from its second side 72.
  • a first gap space 65 is formed between an outer wall surface of the first membrane unit 2 and an inner wall surface of the second central tube 12, so that raw water can be from the first
  • the gap space 65 enters the first membrane unit 2 from the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit.
  • the membrane element may further include a membrane shell 5 (not shown), a second gap space 66 is formed between an inner wall surface of the membrane shell 5 and an outer wall surface of the second membrane unit 3, so as to pass through The filtered wastewater of the second membrane unit 3 is led out from the second interstitial space 66.
  • the second central tube 12 can be generally cylindrical.
  • the inner side of the second center tube 12 may have a through hole for arranging the first membrane unit 2 and the first central tube 11.
  • the outer wall of the second central tube 12 may be provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced openings (ie, the first passage 113).
  • a second passage 114 extending substantially in the axial direction of the second central tube 12 may be formed on the wall of the second central tube 12.
  • the second passage 114 communicates with the first passage 113 to form a second pure water flow guiding passage 112.
  • the second pure water guiding channel 112 is isolated from the through hole, so that the pure water generated by the second film unit 3 is isolated from the first film unit 2.
  • the second passage 114 opens toward one end or both ends of the second central tube 12 at opposite ends in the axial direction, thereby discharging pure water from the second central tube 12.
  • the number of the first channels 113 is plural, and the plurality of the first channels 113 are circumferentially spaced along the second central tube 12, and the second channel 114 is along the second central tube 12 Extending in the axial direction.
  • the structure of the second central tube 1221 can also be in other configurations.
  • FIGS. 19 and 20 illustrate another alternative embodiment of the second central tube 12.
  • the membrane element has a first end and a second end opposite each other in the axial direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the membrane element may include an end cap disposed at the same end of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3, the end cap having a waste water outlet (ie, a first gap) for the first filtration membrane Space 65) a passage that communicates with the waste water outlet of the second filter membrane (i.e., the second interstitial space 66).
  • the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is located at both ends of the membrane element, and the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit is located at both ends of the membrane element.
  • the membrane element includes a second end cap 82 at a lower end.
  • the second end cover 82 includes a first cover 91 sleeved outside the first membrane unit 2, and a second cover 92 sleeved outside the second membrane unit 3, the first cover
  • the body 91 has a first space 96 that communicates with the waste water outlet of the first filter membrane;
  • the second cover 92 has a second space 97 that communicates with the raw water inlet of the second filter membrane.
  • a fifth through hole 98 for communicating the first space 96 and the second space 97 is defined in a sidewall of the second central tube 12.
  • the first cover 91 is adapted to the inner wall of the second central tube 12 to seal the first gap space 65.
  • the membrane element includes a first end cap 81 at an upper end.
  • the first end cap 81 has a first pure water outlet communicating with the first pure water guiding passage 111 of the first central pipe 11 and a first pure water guiding passage 111 of the second central pipe 12 a connected second pure water outlet, a wastewater passage communicating with the waste water outlet of the second filtration membrane.
  • the first end cap 81 has a pure water mixing passage (not shown) for guiding the first pure water guiding passage 111 and the second pure water.
  • the first end cover 81 includes a third cover body 93 sleeved outside the first film unit 2, and a fourth cover body 94 sleeved outside the second film unit 3.
  • the third cover 93 is provided with a first opening communicating with the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit and a second opening communicating with the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit, the first The opening is isolated from the second opening.
  • the outer wall surface of the third cover body 93 is fitted to the inner wall surface of the second center tube 12, thereby sealing the first gap space 65.
  • the fourth cover 94 is provided with a third opening communicating with the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit, and the fifth cover 95 is provided with a first communication with the first central tube 11 a pure water outlet, a second pure water outlet communicating with the second central pipe 12, a waste water passage communicating with the first outlet of the third cover 93, and a second for the third cover 93
  • the fourth passage 99 is communicated with the third opening of the fourth cover 94.
  • the fourth passage 99 includes a first flow passage extending in an axial direction of the membrane element and communicating with an end of the first membrane unit 2, extending in an axial direction of the membrane element, and the second A second flow path in which the end of the membrane unit 3 communicates and a third flow path communicating with the first flow path and the second flow path and extending in the radial direction of the membrane element.
  • the raw water entering from the circumferential surface of the first membrane unit 2 can enter the raw water flow path of the second membrane unit 3 in the filtered wastewater passing through the first membrane unit 2, that is, in the second membrane unit 3. Filtered again, and after the second membrane unit 3 was filtered again, pure water was produced. Therefore, the raw water flow path of the membrane element can be substantially regarded as the superposition of the raw water flow path of the first membrane unit 2 and the raw water flow path of the second membrane unit 3, and thus the membrane surface flow velocity of the membrane element in the embodiment of the present application is more The fast membrane element has better stain resistance and a longer life, and the water yield of the pure water of the membrane element is the same under the same inlet pressure.
  • the first central tube 11 and the second central tube 12 are nested with each other, and the second pure water guiding channel 112 is disposed on the second central tube 12, so that the structure of the membrane element is relatively Simple, small, and easy to install.
  • the raw water channels of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 in the present embodiment are all long, the membrane surface speed of the membrane is fast, the filtration efficiency is high, and the stain resistance performance is better.
  • the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit is located at one of the third side 73 and the fourth side 74, ie the waste water outlet 32 of the second membrane unit is at one end thereof.
  • the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit is also located at one of the third side 73 and the fourth side 74, that is, the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit is located at the same as the second membrane unit One end of the wastewater outlet 32.
  • the wastewater outlet 32 of the second membrane unit and the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit are both located at the upper end.
  • the structures of the first end cover 81 and the second end cover 82 can also be referred to for changes, and will not be described herein.
  • the first membrane unit 2 is a nanofiltration membrane
  • the second membrane unit 3 is a reverse osmosis membrane.
  • the ratio of the membrane surface area of the first membrane unit 2 to the membrane surface area of the second membrane unit 3 is between 1:1 and 1 to 2.
  • FIG. 23 through 25 illustrate another alternative embodiment of the present application.
  • the difference from the previous embodiment is that the first membrane unit 2 is wound on the second central tube 12.
  • the second membrane unit 3 is wound on the first central tube 11.
  • a first gap space 65 is formed between the outer wall surface of the second membrane unit 3 and the inner wall surface of the second central tube 12 so as to be filtered from the first membrane unit 2 Waste water may enter the second membrane unit 3 from the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit from the first interstitial space 65.
  • the membrane element may further include a membrane shell 5, and a second gap space 66 is formed between an inner wall surface of the membrane shell 5 and an outer wall surface of the first membrane unit 2, so that raw water may be from the second gap space. 66 enters the first membrane unit 2 from the raw water inlet 21 of the first membrane unit.
  • the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is located at one end of the membrane element.
  • the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit may also be located at one end of the membrane element corresponding to the wastewater outlet 22 of the first membrane unit.
  • the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit and the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit are located at the first end of the membrane element.
  • the waste water outlet 22 of the first membrane unit is located at its third side 73.
  • the raw water inlet 31 of the second membrane unit is also located on its third side.
  • the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 are both reverse osmosis membranes.
  • the ratio of the membrane surface area of the first membrane unit 2 to the membrane surface area of the second membrane unit 3 is between 2:1 and 1 to 1.
  • the embodiment of the present application further discloses a membrane element, which further includes a first water tube 101 and a second water tube 102.
  • the first side 71 of the first membrane unit 2 on the pure water flow path side and the first side 71 of the pure water flow passage side of the second membrane unit 3 are disposed on the water collection tube 1.
  • the first water pipe 101 is disposed at the first side 71 of the raw water flow path side of the first membrane unit 2 such that the front surface of the first membrane unit 2 is wrapped around the first water tube 101.
  • the first water pipe 101 includes a plurality of first flow guiding holes opened on the side wall of the first water pipe 101, a first flow guiding passage extending in the axial direction and communicating with the plurality of the first guiding holes, and setting a first opening at an end of the first water tube 101 and in communication with the first flow guiding channel.
  • the raw water may enter the first flow guiding passage from the first opening and be introduced into the first membrane unit 2 from the first flow guiding hole. Under the action of the first flow guiding hole, the raw water can spirally extend in the circumferential direction and flow outward from the second side edge 72 (the rolled outer edge) of the first film unit 2.
  • the second water pipe 102 is disposed at the first side 71 of the raw water flow path side of the second membrane unit 3 such that the front surface of the second membrane unit 3 is wrapped around the second water tube 102.
  • the second water pipe 102 includes a plurality of second air guiding holes opened on the sidewall of the second water pipe 102, and a second air guiding channel extending in the axial direction and communicating with the plurality of the second air guiding holes. And a second opening disposed at an end of the second water tube 102 and in communication with the second flow guiding channel.
  • the wastewater discharged from the second side 72 of the first membrane unit 2 enters the second side 72 of the second membrane unit 3 (the outer edge after the coiling), and then spirally flows in the circumferential direction to enter the second water tube 102.
  • the second air guiding hole flows from the second air guiding hole into the second air guiding channel, and finally flows out from the second opening.
  • the first opening and the second opening may be located on both sides of the water collection pipe 1, respectively.
  • the membrane element has an opposite third side 73 and a fourth side 74 in an unfolded state, the third side 73 and the fourth side 74 being respectively opposite the first side 71 Connected to the second side 72.
  • the membrane element includes end caps disposed at both ends of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3, the end caps for the water collection tube 1, the first water tube 101, and the second water tube The end cap covers the third side 73 and the fourth side 74 of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3.
  • the membrane element further includes a membrane shell and a seal.
  • the seal is disposed between an outer sidewall of the end cap and an inner sidewall of the membrane shell. The space between the two seals and the membrane casing can communicate the waste water outlet of the first membrane unit 2 with the raw water inlet of the second membrane unit 3.
  • the sealing member may be sleeved outside the first water pipe 101 and the second water pipe 102, so that the raw water of the first water pipe 101, the waste water of the second water pipe 102, and the membrane shell may be The space inside is isolated.
  • the seal may be wrapped around the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 such that the seal and the first membrane unit 2 and The second membrane unit 3 forms a sealed space and is isolated from the space within the membrane envelope.
  • an embodiment of the present application further discloses a membrane element including a water collection tube 1, a first membrane unit 2 disposed on the water collection tube 1, and a second membrane unit disposed on the water collection tube 1.
  • the first membrane unit 2 (blue membrane) and the second membrane unit 3 (lateral membrane) are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the raw water inlet of the first membrane unit 2 is located at its third side 73 and the waste water outlet is located at its fourth side 74. That is, the raw water flow path of the first membrane unit 2 extends in the axial direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the raw water inlet of the second membrane unit 3 is located at its second side 72 and the waste water outlet is located at its fourth side 74. That is, the raw water flow path of the second membrane unit 3 spirally extends in the circumferential direction.
  • an embodiment of the present application further discloses a membrane element including a water collection tube 1, a first membrane unit 2 disposed on the water collection tube 1, and a second membrane unit disposed on the water collection tube 1.
  • the first membrane unit 2 (lateral flow membrane) and the second membrane unit 3 (lateral flow membrane) are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the raw water inlet of the first membrane unit 2 is located at its second side 72 and the waste water outlet is located at its fourth side 74.
  • the raw water inlet of the second membrane unit 3 is located at its third side 73 and the waste water outlet is located at its second side 72. That is, the raw water flow paths of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 spirally extend in the circumferential direction.
  • a seal for example, a rubber ring disposed between the end cap and the membrane shell of the first membrane unit 2 adjacent to one end of the second membrane unit 3 will enter the first membrane unit 2 .
  • the raw water is isolated from the wastewater filtered through the first membrane unit 2.
  • an embodiment of the present application further discloses a membrane element including a water collection tube 1, a first membrane unit 2 disposed on the water collection tube 1, and a second membrane unit disposed on the water collection tube 1.
  • the first membrane unit 2 (lateral flow membrane) and the second membrane unit 3 (lateral flow membrane) are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the water collection tube 1.
  • the raw water inlet of the first membrane unit 2 is located at its second side 72 and the waste water outlet is located at its fourth side 74.
  • the raw water inlet of the second membrane unit 3 is located at its second side 72 and the waste water outlet is located at its fourth side 74. That is, the raw water flow paths of the first membrane unit 2 and the second membrane unit 3 spirally extend in the circumferential direction.
  • a seal for example, a rubber ring disposed between the end cap and the membrane shell of the first membrane unit 2 adjacent to one end of the second membrane unit 3 will enter the first membrane unit 2 .
  • the raw water is isolated from the wastewater filtered through the first membrane unit 2.
  • Embodiments of the present application also disclose a filter cartridge comprising a membrane element as described above.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种膜元件和滤芯，包括：一个集水管；共同卷制在所述集水管上的第一膜单元和第二膜单元；所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口连通，在所述第一膜单元与所述第二膜单元处于展开状态下，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口位于相对应的同一个侧边。所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元可以共同一次性卷制在所述集水管上。在本实施方式中，本申请实施例中的膜元件可以提高膜元件的表面流速，提高膜的抗污染性能，延长膜寿命，且相同进水压力下膜元件的纯水的产水量不变。另外，本申请实施例中的膜元件的制备方法较为简单。本申请实施例中的膜元件的体积较小。

Description

膜元件和滤芯
交叉参考相关引用
本申请要求2017年8月21日递交的申请号为201721047971.7、201710719677.4以及201721047437.6、申请名称为“膜元件和滤芯”和2017年12月1日递交的申请号为201721647839.X、申请名称为“膜元件和滤芯”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及水处理领域，尤其涉及一种膜元件和滤芯。
背景技术
在现有技术中，常常采用卷式膜元件来对水进行过滤。膜元件的正面夹层形成原水流道，背面夹层形成纯水流道。
一般而言，使用相同的膜面积，膜页越长，原水流道越长，膜页数越少，膜面流速越快。膜面流速越快的膜元件对膜表面附着的污染物冲刷强度更大，因而耐污染性较好，寿命较长。现有技术的膜元件，原水流道的长度和纯水流道的长度相对应，当单个膜元件的原水流道的长度太长时，相应的纯水流道的长度也过长，导致该膜元件纯水侧的背压较大，导致相同产水压力下该膜片纯水的产水量下降。
此外，如何使膜元件的体积较小，或者膜元件的制作方法较为简单，也是本领域现有技术人员一直需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的上述缺陷，本申请所要解决的技术问题是提供一种膜元件和滤芯，其能解决上述技术问题中的至少一种。
本申请的具体技术方案是：
一种膜元件，包括：
一个集水管；
共同卷制在所述集水管上的第一膜单元和第二膜单元；
所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口连通，在所述第一膜单元与所述第二膜单元处于展开状态下，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原 水入口位于相对应的同一个侧边。
优选地，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元共同一次性卷制在所述集水管上。
优选地，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元在所述膜元件展开状态下层叠设置。
优选地，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管连接的第一侧边和与所述第一侧边相对的第二侧边；所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口在展开时位于第二侧边。
优选地，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有相对的第三侧边和第四侧边，所述第三侧边和所述第四侧边分别与所述第一侧边和第二侧边连接，所述第一膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的所述第三侧边，所述第二膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的第四侧边。
优选地，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除了所述第一膜单元的原水入口外密封，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边密封；所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除了所述第二膜单元的废水出口外密封，所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边密封。
优选地，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分和所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分通过第一端盖密封，所述第二膜单元的第三侧边对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分在所述第二膜单元靠近于第三侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
优选地，所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分和所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过第二端盖密封，所述第一膜单元的第四侧边对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分在所述第一膜单元靠近于第四侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
优选地，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口位于所述膜元件的一端，所述第一膜单元的原水入口与所述第二膜单元的废水出口位于所述膜元件的另一端。优选地，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管连接的第一侧边和与所述第一侧边相对的第二侧边，所述膜元件处于展开状态下还具有相对的第三侧边和第四侧边，所述第三侧边和所述第四侧边分别与所述第一侧边和第二侧边连接，所述第一膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第二侧边的所述第四侧边，所述第二膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的第四侧边，所述第一膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的第三侧边，所述第二膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第二侧边的第三侧 边。
优选地，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除了所述第一膜单元的原水入口外的部分密封，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除了所述第一膜单元的废水出口外的部分密封；所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除了所述第二膜单元的原水入口外的部分密封，所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除了所述第二膜单元的废水出口外的部分密封，所述膜元件的第二侧边密封。
优选地，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口和对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分以及所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口和所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过端盖密封；所述第一膜单元的第三侧边对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分在所述第一膜单元靠近于第三侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封；所述第二膜单元的第三侧边对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分在所述第二膜单元靠近于所述三侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
优选地，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去所述第一膜单元的废水出口和对应于所述第二膜单元的原水入口的部分以及所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去对应于所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口的部分通过端盖密封；所述第一膜单元的第四侧边对应于所述第二膜单元的原水入口的部分在所述第一膜单元靠近于第四侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封；所述第二膜单元的第四侧边对应于所述第一膜单元的废水出口的部分在所述第二膜单元靠近于所述四侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
优选地，所述膜元件还包括设置在所述集水管两端的第一端盖和第二端盖，所述第一端盖具有与所述第一膜单元的原水入口连通的第一开口和所述第二膜单元的废水出口连通的第二开口，所述第二端盖与所述第一膜单元的废水出口连通的第三通孔和与所述第二膜单元的原水入口连通的第四通孔。
优选地，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元沿所述集水管的轴线方向并列排布，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管连接的第一侧边和与所述第一侧边相对的第二侧边；所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口在展开时位于第二侧边，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有相对的第三侧边和第四侧边，所述第三侧边和所述第四侧边分别与所述第一侧边和第二侧边连接，所述第一膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的所述第三侧边，所述第二膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第一侧 边的第四侧边。
优选地，所述第一膜单元具有沿所述集水管轴线方向相对的第一端和第二端，所述第二膜单元具有沿所述集水管轴线方向相对的第三端和第四端，其中，所述第一膜单元的第二端和所述第二膜单元的第三端相对设置，
所述膜元件包括第一端盖、第二端盖、第三端盖、第四端盖，所述第一端盖、第二端盖、第三端盖、第四端盖分别对应设置在所述第一膜单元第一端和第二端、设置在所述第二膜单元的第三端和第四端；
所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分通过第一端盖密封；
所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边通过第二端盖密封；
所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边通过第三端盖密封；
所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过第四端盖密封。
优选地，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管连接的第一侧边和与所述第一侧边相对的第二侧边；所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口在展开时位于第二侧边，所述膜元件包括膜壳，所述膜壳与所述第一膜单元和/或所述第二膜单元的外壁面之间形成第三空间。
优选地，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元由相同或不同的过滤膜材料制成。
优选地，所述第一膜单元为纳滤膜，所述第二膜单元为反渗透膜。
优选地，所述第一膜单元的膜面面积小于所述第二膜单元的膜面面积。
优选地，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元均为反渗透膜。
优选地，所述第一膜单元的膜面面积大于所述第二膜单元的膜面面积。
优选地，所述第一膜单元的数量为多个，多个所述第一膜单元由相同或不同的过滤膜材料制成。
优选地，所述第二膜单元的数量为多个，多个所述第二膜单元由相同或不同的过滤膜材料制成。
优选地，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元的原水流道均沿所述集水管的圆周方向螺旋延伸。
本申请还公开了一种膜元件，包括：至少一个的集水管、卷制在所述集水管上的第一膜单元和卷制在所述集水管上的第二膜单元，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元的至 少一个原水流道沿所述集水管的圆周方向螺旋延伸，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口连通。
本申请实施例还公开了一种滤芯，包括如上述的膜元件。
在本实施方式中，本申请实施例中的膜元件的纯水流道维持不变，因此纯水的背压维持不变，但是通过膜面串联等方式，将原水的进水页数减少，原水流道延长，从而提高膜元件的表面流速，提高膜的抗污染性能，延长膜寿命，且相同进水压力下膜元件的纯水的产水量不变。另外，本申请实施例中的膜元件的制备方法较为简单。本申请实施例中的膜元件的体积较小。
附图说明
在此描述的附图仅用于解释目的，而不意图以任何方式来限制本申请公开的范围。另外，图中的各部件的形状和比例尺寸等仅为示意性的，用于帮助对本申请的理解，并不是具体限定本申请各部件的形状和比例尺寸。本领域的技术人员在本申请的教导下，可以根据具体情况选择各种可能的形状和比例尺寸来实施本申请。
图1示出了本申请实施例中的膜元件在展开状态下的结构示意图。
图2示出了图1中一个具体实施例的膜元件在展开状态下的主视图。
图3示出了图1中另一个具体实施例的膜元件在展开状态下的主视图。
图4示出了图2中的膜元件的流道的原理示意图。
图5示出了图1中的膜元件处于展开状态下的原理示意图。
图6示出了与图1中的膜元件结构相类似的膜元件的结构图，该膜元件带有膜壳。
图7示出了本申请另一个实施例中的膜元件的结构示意图。
图8示出了图7中的膜元件的流体示意图。
图9示出了与图1中的膜元件结构相类似的膜元件的结构图，该膜元件带有膜壳。
图10示出了本申请另一个实施例中的膜元件在展开状态下的结构示意图。
图11示出了图10中一个具体实施例的膜元件在展开状态下的主视图。
图12示出了图10中另一个具体实施例的膜元件在展开状态下的主视图。
图13示出了图10中的膜元件的具体结构示意图。
图14示出了图10中的膜元件的流道原理示意图。
图15示出了本申请另一个实施例中的膜元件的结构示意图。
图16示出了图15中的膜元件的流道原理示意图。
图17示出了图15中第二中心管的一种具体结构示意图。
图18示出了图17的剖视图。
图19示出了图15中第二中心管的另一种具体结构示意图。
图20示出了图19的剖视图。
图21示出了图15中的膜元件的下半部分的结构示意图。
图22示出了图15中的膜元件的上半部分的结构示意图。
图23示出了本申请另一个实施例中的膜元件的结构示意图。
图24示出了图23中的膜元件的下半部分的结构示意图。
图25示出了图23中的膜元件的上半部分的结构示意图。
图26示出了本申请另一个实施例中的膜元件的结构示意图。
图27示出了图26中的膜元件的流道示意图。
图28示出了本申请另一个实施例中的膜元件的结构示意图。
图29示出了本申请另一个实施例中的膜元件的结构示意图。
图30示出了本申请另一个实施例中的膜元件的结构示意图。
以上附图的附图标记：1、集水管；11、第一中心管；12、第二中心管；111、第一纯水导流通道；112、第二纯水导流通道；113、第一通道；114、第二通道；15、贯通孔；2、第一膜单元；21、第一膜单元的原水入口；22、第一膜单元的废水出口；3、第二膜单元；31、第二膜单元的原水入口；32、第二膜单元的废水出口；5、膜壳；61、第一通孔；62、第二通孔；63、夹层；65、第一间隙空间；66、第二间隙空间；71、第一侧边；72、第二侧边；73、第三侧边；74、第四侧边；81、第一端盖；82、第二端盖；83、第三端盖；84、第四端盖；91、第一盖体；92、第二盖体；93、第三盖体；94、第四盖体；95、第五盖体；96、第一空间；97、第二空间；98、第五通孔；981、第三通孔；982、第四通孔；99、第四通道；101、第一水管；102、第二水管。
具体实施方式
结合附图和本申请具体实施方式的描述，能够更加清楚地了解本申请的细节。但是，在此描述的本申请的具体实施方式，仅用于解释本申请的目的，而不能以任何方式理解成是对本申请的限制。在本申请的教导下，技术人员可以构想基于本申请的任意可能的变形，这些都应被视为属于本申请的范围。
本申请实施例公开了一种膜元件，包括：至少一个的集水管1、共同卷制在所述集 水管1上的第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3。
本申请实施例公开了一种膜元件，包括：至少一个的集水管1、卷制在所述集水管1上的第一膜单元2和卷制在所述集水管1上的第二膜单元3。
所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的原水流道沿所述集水管1的圆周方向螺旋延伸。
所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的至少一个原水流道沿所述集水管1的圆周方向螺旋延伸。
所述第一膜单元的废水出口22与所述第二膜单元的原水入口31连通，在所述第一膜单元2与所述第二膜单元3处于展开状态下，所述第一膜单元的废水出口22与所述第二膜单元的原水入口31位于相对应的同一个侧边。
在所述第一膜单元2与所述第二膜单元3处于展开状态下，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3可以层叠设置。
所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3也可以沿所述集水管1的轴线方向并列排布。
所述第一膜单元的废水出口22可以位于所述膜元件的圆周面上，所述第二膜单元的原水入口31可以位于所述膜元件的圆周面上。
所述第一膜单元的废水出口22与所述第二膜单元的原水入口31可以位于所述膜元件的至少一端的端部。
所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3可以共同卷制在一个所述集水管1上。
所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3可以共同一次性卷制在一个所述集水管1上。
为了进一步延长膜元件的原水流道，本申请实施例中的第一膜单元的废水出口22和第二膜单元的原水入口31连通。本申请实施例中，随着原水流道延长，但是纯水流道维持不变，因此纯水的背压维持不变，但是通过膜面串联等方式，将原水的进水页数减少，流道延长，从而提高膜元件的表面流速，提高膜的抗污染性能，延长膜寿命，且相同进水压力下膜元件的纯水的产水量不变。
在本申请实施例中，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口位于相对应的同一个侧边，也可以便于加工、制造、装配，以及采用该种结构的膜元件的体积也可以较小。
此外，本申请实施例中的第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3共同卷制在一个集水管上，由此使得膜元件的体积可以处于较小的范围。并且，本申请实施例中的第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3可以共同一次性卷制在一个集水管1上，这样使得该膜元件的制备方法较 为容易，加工工序较少。
另外，在现有技术中，膜单元的原水流道一般采用从膜单元的一端进，从另一端出的方式。而本申请实施例中采用的所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3中的至少一个的原水流道沿集水管1的圆周方向螺旋延伸。由于所述第一膜单元2和/或第二膜单元3卷制在所述集水管1上，因而采用该种方式的膜单元的原水流道较长。
但是采用该种方式的第一膜单元2和/或第二膜单元3各自的原水流道也不能无限制的延伸。随着原水流道的变长，原水流道沿集水管1的圆周方向螺旋延伸的膜单元的纯水流道也相应的变长，此时该膜单元的背压较大，容易导致该膜单元的纯水产水量下降。
图1至图5示出了本申请中的膜元件的一个具体的实施方式。参照图1所示，该实施方式中的膜元件包括集水管1、第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3。所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3共同一次性卷制在所述集水管1上。
在所述膜元件处于展开状态时，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3层叠设置。例如，参照图2、图3和图4所示，相邻的所述第一膜单元2的正面之间形成原水流道。相邻的所述第二膜单元3的正面之间也形成原水流道。在所述第一膜单元2的背面和所述第二膜单元3的背面均为纯水流道，且全部流向所述集水管1。所述第一膜单元2的原水流道沿着远离所述集水管1的方向流动，所述第二膜单元3的原水流道沿着朝向所述集水管1的方向流动。
所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的膜片材料可以是相同也可以是不同的。各个所述第一膜单元2之间的膜片材料也可以是相同或者是不同的。各个所述第二膜单元3之间的膜片材料也可以是相同或者是不同的。
所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的页数至少为两片。所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的页数可以是相等或者不等的。参照图2和图4所示，所述第一膜单元2的数量大于所述第三膜单元3的数量。参照图3所示，所述第一膜单元2的数量也可以小于所述第三膜单元3的数量。
参照图2和图4所示，膜页的正面在C、D、E(集水管处)通过折叠、打胶等方式密封(正面在内，反面在外)，膜页的反面在在A、B处通过折叠、打胶等方式密封(反面在内，正面在外)，配合膜页背面AD、AC和BD、BE打胶形成的密封，使得纯水和原水分开。
在本实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的原水流道均沿所述集水管1的圆周方向螺旋延伸。所述第一膜单元的废水出口22位于所述膜元件的正面的圆周 面上，所述第二膜单元的原水入口31位于所述膜元件正面的圆周面上。所述第一膜单元的废水出口22与所述第二膜单元的原水入口31连通。
参照图5所示，在该膜元件处于展开状态时，该膜元件具有第一侧边71(图中左侧边)和第二侧边72(图中右侧边)、第三侧边73(图中上侧)和第四侧边74(图中下侧)，其中第一侧边71和第二侧边72相对设置，第三侧边73和第四侧边74相对设置。所述第三侧边73和所述第四侧边74分别与所述第一侧边71和第二侧边72连接。
其中，所述第一膜单元2、所述第二膜单元3分别与所述集水管1连接的一侧为所述该膜元件的第一侧边71。其中，所述第一膜单元2的纯水出口和所述第二膜单元3的纯水出口与位于第一侧边71的所述集水管1连接。由此，由第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3制出的纯水可以从集水管1导出。所述第一膜单元的废水出口22和所述第二膜单元的原水入口31在展开时位于第二侧边72。在该膜元件处于展开状态时，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的原水流道沿着该膜元件的长度方向延伸。
参照图5所示，所述膜元件具有沿所述集水管1的轴线方向相对的第一端(图中上端)和第二端(图中下端)。为了避免混水，所述第一膜单元的原水入口21位于所述膜元件的第一端。所述第二膜单元的废水出口32位于所述膜元件的第二端。具体的，所述第一膜单元的原水入口21设置在所述第一膜单元2的第三侧边73，所述第二膜单元的废水出口32设置在所述第二膜单元3的第四侧边74。为了尽量的延长原水流道，所述第一膜单元的原水入口21可以设置在靠近于所述第一侧边71的第三侧边73处。所述第二膜单元的废水出口32可以设置在靠近于所述第一侧边71的第四侧边74处。
参照图5所示，所述第一膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第三侧边73除了所述第一膜单元的原水入口21外的部分(AB段)密封，所述第一膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第四侧边74(oD段)密封。所述第二膜单元3的原水流道一侧的第四侧边74除了对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口32外的部分(EF段)密封，所述第二膜单元3的原水流道一侧的第三侧边73(OH段)密封。
参照图5所示，在本实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第三侧边73除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口21的部分以及所述第二膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第三侧边73除去对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口21的部分(所述第一膜单元2的第三侧边73的AB段、所述第二膜单元3的第三侧边73的GH段)通过第一端盖81密封，所述第二膜单元3的第三侧边73对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口21的部分(所述第二膜单元3的第四侧边74的OG段)在所述第二膜单元3靠近于第三侧边73的原水流道 一侧的面上涂胶密封。
所述第二膜单元3的原水流道一侧的第四侧边74除去所述第二膜单元的废水出口32的部分和所述第一膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第四侧边74除去对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口32的部分(所述第一膜单元2的第四侧边74的CD段、所述第二膜单元3的第三侧边73的EF段)通过第二端盖82密封，所述第一膜单元2的第四侧边74对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口32的部分(所述第一膜单元2的第四侧边74的oC段)在所述第一膜单元2靠近于第四侧边74的原水流道一侧的面上涂胶密封。
值得注意的是，在本申请中通过端盖密封一般是指在膜单元的端部涂胶，并与端盖的壁面粘合。
参照图6所示，本申请实施例的膜元件可以包括供所述集水管1穿设的膜壳5。所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3设置在所述膜壳5内，所述第一膜单元2或所述第二膜单元3的外缘面与所述膜壳5的内壁之间形成夹层63，从而使所述第一膜单元的废水出口22与所述第二膜单元的原水入口31连通。所述第一端盖81上设置有与所述第一膜单元的原水入口21连通的第一开口。所述第二端盖82上设置有与所述第二膜单元的废水出口32连通的第二开口。
在本实施方式中，由第一膜单元2产生的废水通过其圆周面的废水出口流入位于圆周面上的第二膜单元的原水入口31。第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3过滤产生的纯水自集水管1向外导出。由此，该膜元件的原水流道基本可以认为是第一膜单元2的原水流道与第二膜单元3的原水流道的叠加，因而本申请实施例中的膜元件的膜面流速越快的膜元件的耐污染性较好，寿命较长，且相同进水压力下膜元件的纯水的产水量不变。此外，在本实施方式中，第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3一次性共同卷制在一个集水管1上，因此本实施方式中的膜元件的制备较为简单。基于上述滤芯的结构可以看出，该滤芯的结构较为简单，安装较为容易。
在一个可选的方式中，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3可以由相同的膜片材料制成。例如，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3可以为反渗透膜。
在一个可选的实施方式中，考虑到第一膜单元2的废水进入所述第二膜单元3，由于所述第一膜单元2产出一部分纯水，因而进入所述第二膜单元3的水量小于所述第一膜单元2，为了维持所述第二膜单元3的表面流速，所述第一膜单元2的膜面面积大于所述第二膜单元3的膜面面积(即，所述第一膜单元2的膜页的页数大于所述第二膜单元3的膜页的页数)。
在另一个可选的实施方式中，考虑到膜片的线速度以及其他实际情况，所述第一膜单元2的数量可以为多个，多个所述第一膜单元2由相同或不同的过滤膜材料制成。或者，所述第二膜单元3的数量可以为多个，多个所述第二膜单元3由相同或不同的过滤膜材料制成。更或者，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的数量可以为多个，多个所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3由相同或不同的过滤膜材料制成。
在另一个可选的实施方式中，为了使制备出的纯水保留一定的矿物质，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3可以由不同的膜片制成。例如，所述第一膜单元2可以为纳滤膜，第二膜单元3可以为反渗透膜。在本实施方式中，考虑到为了保证出水的脱盐率，防止烧水有水垢，所述第一膜单元2的膜面面积小于所述第二膜单元3的膜面面积(即，所述第一膜单元2的膜页的页数小于所述第二膜单元的膜页的页数)。
图7至图8示出了本申请中的膜元件的一个具体的实施方式。参照图7所示，在该实施方式中，所述第一膜单元的废水出口22位于所述膜元件的圆周面上，所述第二膜单元的原水入口31位于所述膜元件的圆周面上。在本实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的原水流道均沿所述集水管1的圆周方向螺旋延伸。为了避免混水，所述第一膜单元的原水入口21位于所述第一膜单元2的上端。所述第二膜单元的废水出口32位于所述第二膜单元3的下端。
与上个实施方式不同之处在于，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3沿所述集水管1的轴线方向间隔并列排布。所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3可以通过一次或两次卷制在所述集水管1上。
参照图7所示，在本实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2具有沿所述集水管1轴线方向相对的第一端(图中所述第一膜单元2的上端)和第二端(图中所述第一膜单元2的下端)，所述第二膜单元3具有沿所述集水管1轴线方向相对的第三端(图中所述第二膜单元3的上端)和第四端(图中所述第二膜单元3的上端)。其中，所述第一膜单元2的第二端和所述第二膜单元3的第三端相邻设置。
所述膜元件包括第一端盖81、第二端盖82、第三端盖83、第四端盖84。所述第一端盖81、第二端盖82、第三端盖83、第四端盖84分别对应设置在所述第一膜单元2第一端和第二端、设置在所述第二膜单元3的第三端和第四端。
结合图8所示，所述第一膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第三侧边73除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口21的部分(AB段)通过第一端盖81密封。所述第一端盖81上开设有与所述第一膜单元的原水入口21连通的第三开口。
所述第一膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第四侧边74(oD段)通过第二端盖82密封。
所述第二膜单元3的原水流道一侧的第三侧边73(OH段)通过第三端盖83密封。
所述第二膜单元3的原水流道一侧的第四侧边74除去所述第二膜单元的废水出口32的部分(oF段)通过第四端盖84密封。所述第四端盖84上开设有与所述第二膜单元的废水出口32连通的第四开口。
所述第二端盖82和所述第三端盖83分别将所述第一膜单元2的第四侧边74和所述第二膜单元3的第三侧边73密封，从而将所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的原水流道隔离。
与上个实施方式相似的，由第一膜单元2产生的废水通过其圆周面的废水出口流入位于圆周面上的第二膜单元的原水入口31。由此，该膜元件的原水流道基本可以认为是第一膜单元2的原水流道与第二膜单元3的原水流道的叠加，因而本申请实施例中的膜元件的膜面流速越快的膜元件的耐污染性较好，寿命较长，且相同进水压力下膜元件的纯水的产水量不变。此外，在本实施方式中，第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3一次性或两次共同卷制在一个集水管1上，因此本实施方式中的膜元件的制备较为简单。相较于上个实施方式，该膜元件的截面积较小，但是原水流道的长度较长。
参照图9所示，本申请实施例的膜元件可以包括供所述集水管1穿设的膜壳5。所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3设置在所述膜壳5内，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的外缘面与所述膜壳5的内壁之间形成夹层63，从而使所述第一膜单元的废水出口22与所述第二膜单元的原水入口31连通。
在另一个可选的实施方式中，为了使制备出的纯水保留一定的矿物质，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3可以由不同的膜片制成。例如，所述第一膜单元2可以为纳滤膜，第二膜单元3可以为反渗透膜。在本实施方式中，考虑到为了保证出水的脱盐率，防止烧水有水垢，所述第一膜单元2的膜面面积小于所述第二膜单元3的膜面面积。
例如，在所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3沿所述集水管1的轴线方向并列设置的实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2沿所述集水管1的轴线方向的长度小于所述第二膜单元3沿所述集水管1的轴线方向的长度(如图)。
或者，在所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3层叠设置的实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2沿垂直于所述集水管1的轴线方向的截面的截面积小于所述第二膜单元3沿垂直于所述集水管1的轴线方向的截面的截面积。
当然的，在其他可选的实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3中的其 中一个的原水流道沿所述集水管1的圆周方向螺旋延伸，也是可行的。
图10至图14示出了本申请中的膜元件的另一个具体的实施方式。参照图10所示，该实施方式中的膜元件包括集水管1、第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3。所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3共同一次性卷制在所述集水管1上。
在所述膜元件处于展开状态时，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3层叠设置。例如，参照图11和图12所示，相邻的所述第一膜单元2的正面之间形成原水流道。相邻的所述第二膜单元3的正面之间也形成原水流道。在所述第一膜单元2的背面和所述第二膜单元3的背面均为纯水流道，且全部流向所述集水管1。所述第一膜单元2的原水流道沿着远离所述集水管1的方向流动，所述第二膜单元3的原水流道沿着朝向所述集水管1的方向流动。
所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的膜片材料可以是相同也可以是不同的。各个所述第一膜单元2之间的膜片材料也可以是相同或者是不同的。各个所述第二膜单元3之间的膜片材料也可以是相同或者是不同的。
所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的页数至少为两片。所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的页数可以是相等或者不等的。参照图11所示，所述第一膜单元2的数量大于所述第三膜单元3的数量。参照图12所示，所述第一膜单元2的数量也可以小于所述第三膜单元3的数量。
参照图11所示，膜页的正面在C、D、E(集水管处)通过折叠、打胶等方式密封(正面在内，反面在外)，膜页的反面在在A、B处通过折叠、打胶等方式密封(反面在内，正面在外)，配合膜页背面AD、AC和BD、BE打胶形成的密封，使得纯水和原水分开。
在本实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的原水流道均沿所述集水管1的圆周方向螺旋延伸。
参照图13所示，所述膜元件具有沿所述集水管1的轴线方向相对的第一端(图中上端)和第二端(图中下端)。所述第一膜单元的原水入口21位于所述膜元件的第一端。所述第一膜单元的废水出口22位于所述膜元件的第二端。所述第二膜单元的原水入口31位于所述膜元件的第二端。所述第一膜单元的废水出口22与所述第二膜单元的原水入口31连通。所述第二膜单元的废水出口32位于所述膜元件的第一端。
所述膜元件还包括设置在所述膜元件的第一端的第一端盖81和设置在所述膜元件的第二端的第二端盖82。所述第一端盖81具有与所述第一膜单元的原水入口21连通的 第一通孔61和所述第二膜单元的废水出口32连通的第二通孔62，所述第二端盖82具有与所述第一膜单元的废水出口22连通的第三通孔981和与所述第二膜单元的原水入口31连通的第四通孔982。第三通孔981和第四通孔982可以通过膜壳等来形成连通的流道。
参照图14所示，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管1连接的第一侧边71(图中左侧)和与所述第一侧边71相对的第二侧边72(图中右侧)，所述膜元件处于展开状态下还具有相对的第三侧边73(图中上侧)和第四侧边74(图中下侧)，所述第三侧边73和所述第四侧边74分别与所述第一侧边71和第二侧边72连接。
所述第一膜单元的废水出口22设置在靠近于所述第二侧边72的所述第四侧边74。所述第二膜单元的原水入口31设置在靠近于所述第一侧边71的第四侧边74。
为了尽量延长原水流道，所述第一膜单元的原水入口21设置在靠近于所述第一侧边71的所述第三侧边73。所述第二膜单元3的废水设置在靠近于所述第二侧边72的所述第三侧边73。
为了使所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的原水流道和纯水流道隔离，所述第一膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第三侧边73除了所述第一膜单元的原水入口21外的部分(AB段)密封；所述第一膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第四侧边74除了所述第一膜单元的废水出口22外的部分(oL段)密封；所述第二膜单元3的原水流道一侧的第四侧边74除了所述第二膜单元的原水入口31外的部分(OQ段)密封，所述第二膜单元3的原水流道一侧的第三侧边73除了所述第二膜单元的废水出口32外的部分(EF段)密封，所述膜元件的第二侧边72密封。
结合图14所示，所述第一膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第三侧边73除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口21和对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口32的部分以及所述第二膜单元3的原水流道一侧的第三侧边73除去对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口21和所述第二膜单元的废水出口32的部分(即所述第一膜单元2的第三侧边73的AM段和所述第二膜单元3的第三侧边73的GQ段)通过所述第一端盖81密封。所述第一膜单元2的第三侧边73对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口32的部分(即所述第一膜单元2的第三侧边73的MB段)在所述第一膜单元2靠近于第三侧边73的原水流道一侧的面上涂胶密封。所述第二膜单元3的第三侧边73对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口21的部分(即所述第二膜单元3的第三侧边73的OG段)在所述第二膜单元3靠近于所述三侧边的原水流道一侧的面上涂胶密封。
所述第一膜单元2的原水流道一侧的第四侧边74除去所述第一膜单元的废水出口22和对应于所述第二膜单元的原水入口31的部分以及所述第二膜单元3的原水流道一侧的第四侧边74除去对应于所述第一膜单元的废水出口22和所述第二膜单元的原水入口31的部分(即所述第一膜单元2的第四侧边74的CL段和所述第二膜单元3的第四侧边74的EP段)通过所述第二端盖82密封。所述第一膜单元2的第四侧边74对应于所述第二膜单元的原水入口31的部分(即所述第一膜单元2的第四侧边74的OC段)在所述第一膜单元2靠近于第四侧边74的原水流道一侧的面上涂胶密封。所述第二膜单元3的第四侧边74对应于所述第一膜单元的废水出口22的部分(即所述第二膜单元3的第四侧边74的PF段)在所述第二膜单元3靠近于所述四侧边的原水流道一侧的面上涂胶密封。
所述膜元件的原水流道一侧的第二侧边72通过胶带密封，从而使废水不能从该膜元件的圆周面上流出。
在本实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3可以由相同的膜片材料制成。例如，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3可以为反渗透膜。
当然的，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的材料、数量可以根据实际需要进行选择，在此不再累述。
图15至图22示出了本申请中的膜元件的另一个具体的实施方式。参照图15所示，本申请公开了一种膜元件，包括集水管1、第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3。所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的原水流道沿所述集水管1的圆周方向螺旋延伸。
所述集水管1包括第一中心管11和套设在所述第一中心管11外的第二中心管12。所述第一膜单元2卷制在所述第一中心管11上，所述第一中心管11的内侧具有与所述第一膜单元2的纯水出口连通的第一纯水导流通道111，从而用于收集所述第一膜单元2过滤产生的纯水。所述第二膜单元3卷制在所述第二中心管12上，所述第二中心管12上开设有与所述第二膜单元3的纯水出口连通的第二纯水导流通道112，所述第二纯水导流通道112与所述第二中心管12的内侧隔离。
参照图16所示，当所述第一膜单元2处于展开状态时，所述第一膜单元2的第一侧边71(图中左侧边)与所述第一中心管11连接，即所述第一膜单元2的纯水出口位于第一侧边71，即所述第一膜单元2的背面夹层与所述第一中心管11连通，从而能将自原水流道渗透过滤出的纯水收集至第一中心管11。
所述第一膜单元的原水入口21位于与所述第一侧边71相背对的第二侧边72(即， 在卷制后位于圆周面上)。所述第一膜单元的废水出口22位于第三侧边73和第四侧边74。所述第三侧边73与所述第四侧边74分别与所述第一侧边71和第二侧边72连接。即，经过所述第一膜单元2过滤产生的废水自其所述第一膜单元2的两个端部流出。为了尽量的延长原水流道，在本实施例中，所述第一膜单元的废水出口22靠近所述第二膜单元3的第一侧边71且远离其第二侧边72。
当所述第二膜单元3处于展开状态时，所述第二膜单元3的第一侧边71(图中左侧边)与所述第二中心管12连接，即所述第二膜单元3的纯水出口位于其第一侧边71，即所述第二膜单元3的纯水出口与所述第二中心管12连通，从而能将自原水流道渗透过滤出的纯水收集至第二中心管12。所述第二膜单元的废水出口32位于所述第二膜单元3与所述第一侧边71相对的第二侧边72(即，在卷制后位于圆周面上)。
所述第二膜单元的原水入口31位于所述第二膜单元3的第三侧边73和第四侧边74。所述第三侧边73与所述第四侧边74分别与所述第一侧边71和第二侧边72连接。即，所述第一膜单元的原水入口21位于其两端。为了尽量的延长原水流道，在本实施例中，所述第二膜单元的原水入口31靠近其第一侧边71且远离其第二侧边72。
参照图15所示，在本实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2的外壁面与所述第二中心管12的内壁面之间形成有第一间隙空间65，以使原水可以从第一间隙空间65中自所述第一膜单元的原水入口21进入该所述第一膜单元2中。所述膜元件还可以包括膜壳5(图中未示出)，所述膜壳5的内壁面与所述第二膜单元3的外壁面之间形成第二间隙空间66，以使经过所述第二膜单元3过滤后的废水从第二间隙空间66向外导出。
参照图17和图18所示，所述第二中心管12可以大体呈筒状。所述第二中心管12的内侧可以具有用于设置第一膜单元2和所述第一中心管11的贯通孔。所述第二中心管12的外侧壁上可以设置有多个沿周向间隔排布的开孔(即，第一通道113)。所述第二中心管12的壁上可以形成有大体沿第二中心管12的轴线方向延伸的第二通道114。所述第二通道114与所述第一通道113连通形成第二纯水导流通道112。且，所述第二纯水导流通道112与贯通孔隔离，从而使第二膜单元3产生的纯水与第一膜单元2隔离。所述第二通道114朝向所述第二中心管12沿轴线方向相对两端中的一端或两端开口，从而将纯水从第二中心管12导出。优选地，所述第一通道113的数量为多个，多个所述第一通道113沿第二中心管12周向间隔排布，所述第二通道114沿所述第二中心管12的轴线方向延伸。当然的，第二中心管1221的结构还可以呈其他结构，例如，图19和图20示出了第二中心管12的另一个可选的实施方式。
所述膜元件具有沿所述集水管1的轴线方向相对的第一端和第二端。所述膜元件可以包括设置在所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3同一端的端盖，所述端盖具有用于将所述第一过滤膜的废水出口(即第一间隙空间65)与所述第二过滤膜的废水出口(即第二间隙空间66)连通的通道。
在本实施方式中，所述第一膜单元的废水出口22位于所述膜元件的两端，所述第二膜单元的原水入口31位于所述膜元件的两端。
参照图21所示，具体的，所述膜元件包括位于下端的第二端盖82。所述第二端盖82包括：套设在所述第一膜单元2外的第一盖体91、套设在所述第二膜单元3外的第二盖体92，所述第一盖体91具有与所述第一过滤膜的废水出口连通的第一空间96；所述第二盖体92具有与所述第二过滤膜的原水入口连通的第二空间97。所述第二中心管12的侧壁上开设有用于将所述第一空间96和所述第二空间97连通的第五通孔98。所述第一盖体91与所述第二中心管12的内壁相适配，从而将所述第一间隙空间65密封。
参照图22所示，所述膜元件包括位于上端的第一端盖81。所述第一端盖81具有与所述第一中心管11的第一纯水导流通道111连通的第一纯水出口、与所述第二中心管12的第一纯水导流通道111连通的第二纯水出口、与所述第二过滤膜的废水出口连通的废水通道。优选地，所述第一端盖81具有用于将所述第一纯水导流通道111和所述第二纯水导流连通的纯水混合道(图中未示出)。
具体的，所述第一端盖81包括套设在所述第一膜单元2外的第三盖体93、套设在所述第二膜单元3外的第四盖体94、套设在所述第二中心管12以及所述第一中心管11端部的第五盖体95。所述第三盖体93上设有与所述第一膜单元的废水出口22连通的第一开孔以及与所述第一膜单元的原水入口21连通的第二开孔，所述第一开孔与所述第二开孔相隔离。所述第三盖体93的外壁面与所述第二中心管12的内壁面适配，从而密封所述第一间隙空间65。所述第四盖体94上设置有与所述第二膜单元的废水出口32连通的第三开孔，所述第五盖体95上设置有与所述第一中心管11连通的第一纯水出口、与所述第二中心管12连通的第二纯水出口、与所述第三盖体93的第一出口连通的废水通道、用于将所述第三盖体93的第二开孔和所述第四盖体94的第三开孔连通的第四通道99。具体的，所述第四通道99包括沿膜元件的轴线方向延伸且与所述第一膜单元2的端部连通的第一流道、沿所述膜元件的轴线方向延伸且与所述第二膜单元3的端部连通的第二流道以及与所述第一流道和所述第二流道连通且沿所述膜元件的径向延伸的第三流道。
在本实施方式中，自第一膜单元2的圆周面进入的原水可以在经过第一膜单元2的过滤后的废水进入第二膜单元3的原水流道，即在第二膜单元3进行再次过滤，在第二膜单元3再次过滤后产出纯水。由此，该膜元件的原水流道基本可以认为是第一膜单元2的原水流道与第二膜单元3的原水流道的叠加，因而本申请实施例中的膜元件的膜面流速越快的膜元件的耐污染性较好，寿命较长，且相同进水压力下膜元件的纯水的产水量不变。在本实施方式中，第一中心管11和第二中心管12相互嵌套而成，且第二纯水导流通道112设置在所述第二中心管12上，使得该膜元件的结构较为简单，体积较小，安装较为容易。另外，本实施方式中的第一膜单元2和第二膜单元3的原水流道均较长，因而该膜的膜面速度较快，过滤效率较高，耐污染性能较佳。
在其他可选的实施方式中，所述第二膜单元的废水出口32位于第三侧边73和第四侧边74中的一个，即所述第二膜单元的废水出口32位于其一端。相应的，所述第一膜单元的原水入口21也位于第三侧边73和第四侧边74中的一个，即所述第一膜单元的原水入口21位于与所述第二膜单元的废水出口32相对应的一端。例如，所述第二膜单元的废水出口32和所述第一膜单元的原水入口21均位于上端。当然的，所述第一端盖81和所述第二端盖82的结构也可以参照变化，在此不再累述。
在本实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2为纳滤膜，所述第二膜单元3为反渗透膜。优选地，所述第一膜单元2的膜面面积和所述第二膜单元3的膜面面积之比在1：1至1比2之间。
图23至图25示出了本申请另一个可选的实施方式。参照图23、图24和图25所示，在另一个可选的实施方式中，与上个实施方式不同之处在于，所述第一膜单元2卷制在所述第二中心管12上，所述第二膜单元3卷制在所述第一中心管11上。
在本实施方式中，所述第二膜单元3的外壁面与所述第二中心管12的内壁面之间形成有第一间隙空间65，以使从所述第一膜单元2过滤后的废水可以从第一间隙空间65中自所述第二膜单元的原水入口31进入该所述第二膜单元3中。所述膜元件还可以包括膜壳5，所述膜壳5的内壁面与所述第一膜单元2的外壁面之间形成第二间隙空间66，以使原水可以自所述第二间隙空间66自所述第一膜单元的原水入口21进入所述第一膜单元2。
在另一个可选的实施方式中，所述第一膜单元的废水出口22位于所述膜元件的一端。由此，所述第二膜单元的原水入口31也可以位于所述膜元件与所述第一膜单元的废水出口22对应的一端。例如，所述第一膜单元的废水出口22和所述第二膜单元的原水 入口31位于所述膜元件的第一端。在展开状态下，所述第一膜单元的废水出口22位于其第三侧边73。所述第二膜单元的原水入口31也位于其第三侧。
在本实施方式中，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3均为反渗透膜。优选地，所述第一膜单元2的膜面面积和所述第二膜单元3的膜面面积之比在2：1至1比1之间。
该实施方式中的膜元件的具体结构可以参照上个实施方式，再此不再累述。
参照图26和图27所示，本申请实施例还公开了一种膜元件，该膜元件还包括第一水管101和第二水管102。第一膜单元2纯水流道侧的第一侧边71和第二膜单元3的纯水流道侧的第一侧边71设置在集水管1上。第一水管101设置在第一膜单元2的原水流道侧的第一侧边71处，以使第一膜单元2的正面包裹在第一水管101上。第一水管101包括开设在所述第一水管101侧壁上的多个第一导流孔、沿轴线方向延伸并用于与多个所述第一导流孔连通的第一导流通道以及设置在所述第一水管101端部并与所述第一导流通道连通的第一开口。原水可以从第一开口进入第一导流通道中，并从第一导流孔导入第一膜单元2中。在第一导流孔作用下，原水可以沿圆周方向螺旋延伸，并从第一膜单元2的第二侧边72(卷制后的外缘)向外流出。第二水管102设置在第二膜单元3的原水流道侧的第一侧边71处，以使第二膜单元3的正面包裹在第二水管102上。所述第二水管102包括开设在所述第二水管102侧壁上的多个第二导流孔、沿轴线方向延伸并用于与多个所述第二导流孔连通的第二导流通道以及设置在所述第二水管102端部并与所述第二导流通道连通的第二开口。自第一膜单元2的第二侧边72输出的废水进入第二膜单元3的第二侧边72(卷制后的外缘)后，再沿圆周方向螺旋延伸流动，进入第二水管102的第二导流孔，再从第二导流孔流入第二导流通道，最后从第二开口流出。为了区隔于废水以及原水，第一开口和第二开口可以分别位于集水管1的两侧。
优选地，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有相对的第三侧边73和第四侧边74，所述第三侧边73和所述第四侧边74分别与所述第一侧边71和第二侧边72连接。所述膜元件包括设置在所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3两端的端盖，所述端盖供所述集水管1、所述第一水管101和所述第二水管102穿设，所述端盖将所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的第三侧边73和第四侧边74密封。
进一步地，为了使经过过滤后的废水和原水隔离，所述膜元件还包括膜壳和密封件。所述密封件设置在所述端盖的外侧壁和膜壳的内侧壁之间。两个密封件以及膜壳之间的空间能将第一膜单元2的废水出口和第二膜单元3的原水入口连通。
在另一个可选的实施方式中，所述密封件可以套设在所述第一水管101和第二水管 102外，从而可以使第一水管101的原水、第二水管102的废水和膜壳内的空间隔离。
在另一个可选的实施方式中，所述密封件可以包裹在所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3外侧，从而使所述密封件与所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3形成一个密封空间并与膜壳内的空间隔离。
参照图28所示，本申请实施例还公开了一种膜元件，该膜元件包括集水管1、设置在集水管1上的第一膜单元2和设置在集水管1上的第二膜单元3。第一膜单元2(蓝膜)和第二膜单元3(侧流膜)沿集水管1的轴线方向间隔排列。其中，第一膜单元2的原水入口位于其第三侧边73，废水出口位于其第四侧边74。即，所述第一膜单元2的原水流道沿集水管1的轴线方向延伸。所述第二膜单元3的原水入口位于其第二侧边72，废水出口位于其第四侧边74。即，所述第二膜单元3的原水流道沿圆周方向螺旋延伸。
参照图29所示，本申请实施例还公开了一种膜元件，该膜元件包括集水管1、设置在集水管1上的第一膜单元2和设置在集水管1上的第二膜单元3。第一膜单元2(侧流膜)和第二膜单元3(侧流膜)沿集水管1的轴线方向间隔排列。第一膜单元2的原水入口位于其第二侧边72，废水出口位于其第四侧边74。所述第二膜单元3的原水入口位于其第三侧边73，废水出口位于其第二侧边72。即，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的原水流道沿圆周方向螺旋延伸。需要值得注意的是，设置在所述第一膜单元2靠近于所述第二膜单元3一端的端盖与膜壳之间设置有密封件(例如橡胶圈)将进入第一膜单元2的原水与经过第一膜单元2过滤后的废水隔离。
参照图30所示，本申请实施例还公开了一种膜元件，该膜元件包括集水管1、设置在集水管1上的第一膜单元2和设置在集水管1上的第二膜单元3。第一膜单元2(侧流膜)和第二膜单元3(侧流膜)沿集水管1的轴线方向间隔排列。第一膜单元2的原水入口位于其第二侧边72，废水出口位于其第四侧边74。所述第二膜单元3的原水入口位于其第二侧边72，废水出口位于其第四侧边74。即，所述第一膜单元2和所述第二膜单元3的原水流道沿圆周方向螺旋延伸。需要值得注意的是，设置在所述第一膜单元2靠近于所述第二膜单元3一端的端盖与膜壳之间设置有密封件(例如橡胶圈)将进入第一膜单元2的原水与经过第一膜单元2过滤后的废水隔离。
本申请实施例还公开了一种滤芯，其包括如上述的膜元件。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可。
上述实施例只为说明本申请的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士 能够了解本申请的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本申请的保护范围。凡根据本申请精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (63)

  1. 一种膜元件，其特征在于，包括：至少一个的集水管、卷制在所述集水管上的第一膜单元和卷制在所述集水管上的第二膜单元，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元的至少一个原水流道沿所述集水管的圆周方向螺旋延伸，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的膜元件，其特征在于，在所述第一膜单元与所述第二膜单元处于展开状态下，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口位于相对应的同一个侧边。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的废水出口位于所述膜元件的圆周面上，所述第二膜单元的原水入口位于所述膜元件的圆周面上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元共同卷制在一个所述集水管上，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管连接的第一侧边和与所述第一侧边相对的第二侧边；所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口在展开时位于第二侧边。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有相对的第三侧边和第四侧边，所述第三侧边和所述第四侧边分别与所述第一侧边和第二侧边连接，所述第一膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的所述第三侧边，所述第二膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的第四侧边。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除了所述第一膜单元的原水入口外密封，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边密封；所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除了所述第二膜单元的废水出口外密封，所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边密封。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元在所述膜元件展开状态下层叠设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分和所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分通过第一端盖密封，所述第二膜单元的第三侧边对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分通过在所述第二膜单元靠近于第三侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的 第四侧边除去所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分和所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过第二端盖密封，所述第一膜单元的第四侧边对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过在所述第一膜单元靠近于第四侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元沿所述集水管的轴线方向并列排布。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元具有沿所述集水管轴线方向相对的第一端和第二端，所述第二膜单元具有沿所述集水管轴线方向相对的第三端和第四端，其中，所述第一膜单元的第二端和所述第二膜单元的第三端相邻设置，
    所述膜元件包括第一端盖、第二端盖、第三端盖、第四端盖，所述第一端盖、第二端盖、第三端盖、第四端盖分别对应设置在所述第一膜单元第一端和第二端、设置在所述第二膜单元的第三端和第四端；
    所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分通过第一端盖密封；
    所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边通过第二端盖密封；
    所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边通过第三端盖密封；
    所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过第四端盖密封。
  12. 根据权利要求4所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道内设置有靠近于所述第一膜单元的第一侧边的第一水管，所述第二膜单元的原水流道内设置有靠近于所述第二膜单元的第一侧边的第二水管，所述第一水管和所述第二水管沿所述集水管的轴线方向延伸，所述第一水管包括开设在所述第一水管侧壁上的多个第一导流孔、沿轴线方向延伸并用于与多个所述第一导流孔连通的第一导流通道以及设置在所述第一水管端部并与所述第一导流通道连通的第一开口；所述第二水管包括开设在所述第二水管侧壁上的多个第二导流孔、沿轴线方向延伸并用于与多个所述第二导流孔连通的第二导流通道以及设置在所述第二水管端部并与所述第二导流通道连通的第二开口。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有相对的第三侧边和第四侧边，所述第三侧边和所述第四侧边分别与所述第一侧边和第二侧边连接，所述膜元件包括设置在所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元两端的端盖，所述端盖供所述集水管、所述第一水管和所述第二水管穿设，所述端盖将所述第一膜单元和 所述第二膜单元的第三侧边和第四侧边密封。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的膜元件，其特征在于，包括膜壳和密封件，所述密封件设置在所述膜壳和所述端盖之间，或，所述密封件套设在所述第一水管及第二水管外，或，所述密封件包裹在所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元外侧。
  15. 根据权利要求3所述的膜元件，其特征在于，包括膜壳，所述膜壳与所述第一膜单元和/或所述第二膜单元的外壁面之间形成与所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口连通的第三空间。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口位于所述膜元件的至少一端的端部。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元在所述膜元件展开状态下层叠设置，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元共同卷制在所述集水管上，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口位于所述膜元件的一端，所述第一膜单元的原水入口与所述第二膜单元的废水出口位于所述膜元件的另一端。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管连接的第一侧边和与所述第一侧边相对的第二侧边，所述膜元件处于展开状态下还具有相对的第三侧边和第四侧边，所述第三侧边和所述第四侧边分别与所述第一侧边和第二侧边连接，所述第一膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第二侧边的所述第四侧边，所述第二膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的第四侧边，所述第一膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的第三侧边，所述第二膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第二侧边的第三侧边。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除了所述第一膜单元的原水入口外的部分密封，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除了所述第一膜单元的废水出口外的部分密封；所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除了所述第二膜单元的原水入口外的部分密封，所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除了所述第二膜单元的废水出口外的部分密封，所述膜元件的第二侧边密封。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口和对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分以及所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去对应于所述第一膜单元的原水 入口和所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过端盖密封；所述第一膜单元的第三侧边对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分在所述第一膜单元靠近于第三侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封；所述第二膜单元的第三侧边对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分在所述第二膜单元靠近于所述三侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去所述第一膜单元的废水出口和对应于所述第二膜单元的原水入口的部分以及所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去对应于所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口的部分通过端盖密封；所述第一膜单元的第四侧边对应于所述第二膜单元的原水入口的部分在所述第一膜单元靠近于第四侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封；所述第二膜单元的第四侧边对应于所述第一膜单元的废水出口的部分在所述第二膜单元靠近于所述四侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
  22. 根据权利要求17所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述膜元件还包括设置在所述集水管两端的第一端盖和第二端盖，所述第一端盖具有与所述第一膜单元的原水入口连通的第一通孔和所述第二膜单元的废水出口连通的第二通孔，所述第二端盖具有与所述第一膜单元的废水出口连通的第三通孔和与所述第二膜单元的原水入口连通的第四通孔。
  23. 根据权利要求16所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述集水管包括第一中心管和套设在所述第一中心管外的第二中心管，所述第一膜单元卷制在所述第一中心管上，所述第二膜单元卷制在所述第二中心管上；或，所述第一膜单元卷制在所述第二中心管上，所述第二膜单元卷制在所述第一中心管上。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第二中心管上开设有与卷制在所述第二中心管上的所述第一膜单元或所述第二膜单元的纯水出口连通的第二纯水导流通道，所述第二纯水导流通道与所述第二中心管的内侧隔离，所述第二纯水导流通道包括设置在所述第二中心管外表面上的第一通道以及与所述第一通道连通的第二通道，所述第二通道朝向所述膜元件的至少一端敞口。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水入口位于所述第一膜单元的圆周面上，所述第二膜单元的废水出口位于所述第二膜单元圆周面上。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第二中心管的内壁面与所述第二膜单元和所述第一膜单元中位于内侧的一个的外壁面之间形成第一间隙空间，所述膜元件包括膜壳，所述膜壳的内壁面与卷制在所述第二中心管上的所述第一膜单元或所 述第二膜单元的外壁面之间形成第二间隙空间。
  27. 根据权利要求1所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元由相同或不同的膜片材料制成。
  28. 根据权利要求1所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元为纳滤膜，所述第二膜单元为反渗透膜。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的膜面面积小于所述第二膜单元的膜面面积。
  30. 根据权利要求1所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元均为反渗透膜。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的膜面面积大于所述第二膜单元的膜面面积。
  32. 根据权利要求1所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的数量为多个，多个所述第一膜单元由相同或不同的膜片材料制成。
  33. 根据权利要求1所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第二膜单元的数量为多个，多个所述第二膜单元由相同或不同的膜片材料制成。
  34. 根据权利要求1所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元的原水流道均沿所述集水管的圆周方向螺旋延伸。
  35. 根据权利要求1所述的膜元件，其特征在于，在所述第一膜单元与所述第二膜单元处于展开状态下，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口位于相对应的不同侧边。
  36. 根据权利要求1所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元或所述第二膜单元的原水流道沿集水管的轴线方向延伸。
  37. 一种滤芯，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至36任一项所述的膜元件。
  38. 一种膜元件，其特征在于，包括：
    一个集水管；
    共同卷制在所述集水管上的第一膜单元和第二膜单元；
    所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口连通，在所述第一膜单元与所述第二膜单元处于展开状态下，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口位于相对应的同一个侧边。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单 元共同一次性卷制在所述集水管上。
  40. 根据权利要求38所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元在所述膜元件展开状态下层叠设置。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管连接的第一侧边和与所述第一侧边相对的第二侧边；所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口在展开时位于第二侧边。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有相对的第三侧边和第四侧边，所述第三侧边和所述第四侧边分别与所述第一侧边和第二侧边连接，所述第一膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的所述第三侧边，所述第二膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的第四侧边。
  43. 根据权利要求42所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除了所述第一膜单元的原水入口外密封，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边密封；所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除了所述第二膜单元的废水出口外密封，所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边密封。
  44. 根据权利要求43所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分和所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分通过第一端盖密封，所述第二膜单元的第三侧边对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分通过在所述第二膜单元靠近于第三侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
  45. 根据权利要求43所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分和所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过第二端盖密封，所述第一膜单元的第四侧边对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过在所述第一膜单元靠近于第四侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
  46. 根据权利要求40所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的废水出口与所述第二膜单元的原水入口位于所述膜元件的一端，所述第一膜单元的原水入口与所述第二膜单元的废水出口位于所述膜元件的另一端。
  47. 根据权利要求46所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管连接的第一侧边和与所述第一侧边相对的第二侧边，所述膜元件处于展开状态下还具有相对的第三侧边和第四侧边，所述第三侧边和所述第四侧边分别与所述第 一侧边和第二侧边连接，所述第一膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第二侧边的所述第四侧边，所述第二膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的第四侧边，所述第一膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的第三侧边，所述第二膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第二侧边的第三侧边。
  48. 根据权利要求47所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除了所述第一膜单元的原水入口外的部分密封，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除了所述第一膜单元的废水出口外的部分密封；所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除了所述第二膜单元的原水入口外的部分密封，所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除了所述第二膜单元的废水出口外的部分密封，所述膜元件的第二侧边密封。
  49. 根据权利要求48所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口和对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分以及所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口和所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过端盖密封；所述第一膜单元的第三侧边对应于所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分在所述第一膜单元靠近于第三侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封；所述第二膜单元的第三侧边对应于所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分在所述第二膜单元靠近于所述三侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
  50. 根据权利要求48所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去所述第一膜单元的废水出口和对应于所述第二膜单元的原水入口的部分以及所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去对应于所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口的部分通过端盖密封；所述第一膜单元的第四侧边对应于所述第二膜单元的原水入口的部分在所述第一膜单元靠近于第四侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封；所述第二膜单元的第四侧边对应于所述第一膜单元的废水出口的部分在所述第二膜单元靠近于所述四侧边的原水流道一侧的面上密封。
  51. 根据权利要求46所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述膜元件还包括设置在所述集水管两端的第一端盖和第二端盖，所述第一端盖具有与所述第一膜单元的原水入口连通的第一开口和所述第二膜单元的废水出口连通的第二开口，所述第二端盖与所述第一膜单元的废水出口连通的第三通孔和与所述第二膜单元的原水入口连通的第四通孔。
  52. 根据权利要求38所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元沿所述集水管的轴线方向并列排布，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管连 接的第一侧边和与所述第一侧边相对的第二侧边；所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口在展开时位于第二侧边，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有相对的第三侧边和第四侧边，所述第三侧边和所述第四侧边分别与所述第一侧边和第二侧边连接，所述第一膜单元的原水入口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的所述第三侧边，所述第二膜单元的废水出口设置在靠近于所述第一侧边的第四侧边。
  53. 根据权利要求52所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元具有沿所述集水管轴线方向相对的第一端和第二端，所述第二膜单元具有沿所述集水管轴线方向相对的第三端和第四端，其中，所述第一膜单元的第二端和所述第二膜单元的第三端相对设置，
    所述膜元件包括第一端盖、第二端盖、第三端盖、第四端盖，所述第一端盖、第二端盖、第三端盖、第四端盖分别对应设置在所述第一膜单元第一端和第二端、设置在所述第二膜单元的第三端和第四端；
    所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边除去所述第一膜单元的原水入口的部分通过第一端盖密封；
    所述第一膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边通过第二端盖密封；
    所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第三侧边通过第三端盖密封；
    所述第二膜单元的原水流道一侧的第四侧边除去所述第二膜单元的废水出口的部分通过第四端盖密封。
  54. 根据权利要求38所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述膜元件处于展开状态下具有与所述集水管连接的第一侧边和与所述第一侧边相对的第二侧边；所述第一膜单元的废水出口和所述第二膜单元的原水入口在展开时位于第二侧边，所述膜元件包括膜壳，所述膜壳与所述第一膜单元和/或所述第二膜单元的外壁面之间形成第三空间。
  55. 根据权利要求38所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元由相同或不同的过滤膜材料制成。
  56. 根据权利要求38所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元为纳滤膜，所述第二膜单元为反渗透膜。
  57. 根据权利要求56所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的膜面面积小于所述第二膜单元的膜面面积。
  58. 根据权利要求38所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元均为反渗透膜。
  59. 根据权利要求58所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的膜面面积大于 所述第二膜单元的膜面面积。
  60. 根据权利要求38所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元的数量为多个，多个所述第一膜单元由相同或不同的过滤膜材料制成。
  61. 根据权利要求38所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第二膜单元的数量为多个，多个所述第二膜单元由相同或不同的过滤膜材料制成。
  62. 根据权利要求38所述的膜元件，其特征在于，所述第一膜单元和所述第二膜单元的原水流道均沿所述集水管的圆周方向螺旋延伸。
  63. 一种滤芯，其特征在于，包括如权利要求38至62任一项所述的膜元件。
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