WO2019034118A1 - 基于人工介质圆柱透镜全向多波束天线 - Google Patents
基于人工介质圆柱透镜全向多波束天线 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019034118A1 WO2019034118A1 PCT/CN2018/100881 CN2018100881W WO2019034118A1 WO 2019034118 A1 WO2019034118 A1 WO 2019034118A1 CN 2018100881 W CN2018100881 W CN 2018100881W WO 2019034118 A1 WO2019034118 A1 WO 2019034118A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
- H01Q15/08—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
- H01Q19/062—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens for focusing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of radio antennas, and more particularly to a high gain multi-beam antenna for a mobile communication base station that is capable of achieving full horizontal coverage over a 360° range.
- antennas As wireless gateways.
- the antenna In order to meet the requirements of high gain, low side lobes, narrow beam, wide beam coverage, etc., it is necessary to take into account the scanning speed, cost, environment and other needs. The most important of these is that the antenna must be able to carry large information capacity without increasing its number and site.
- the conventional wireless communication system it is desirable to implement sector coverage by using a sector antenna with a half power lobe width of 65° to cover a 120° sector. If you want to increase the user capacity, it is generally increased frequency, but limited by frequency resources. Only the sector antenna is added, which is again limited by the site. To increase capacity, the commonly used technique is the so-called “cracking antenna", which divides each sector into two sectors, namely 2 beams/120° coverage. More beams use traditional array antenna theory and electronic beamforming methods, but the above methods are very complicated, which will greatly increase the parameters such as antenna energy consumption, cost, weight, etc., and it is difficult to apply on a large scale.
- Multi-beam antennas developed in recent years are a solution.
- Conventional multi-beam antennas are constructed using a multi-beamforming network (BFN) to excite a planar array of radiating elements, or a multi-stage Butler matrix or the like.
- BFN multi-beamforming network
- the Longbo lens antenna is a lens antenna that focuses electromagnetic waves to a focus through a dielectric. Simply move the feed position along the lens surface, or place multiple feeds to receive multiple signals at the same time without changing. The position of the lens antenna, which has the potential to carry multiple antennas and multiple beams.
- the Longbo lens antenna mainly realizes its function through the Longbo ball medium.
- the traditional Longbo ball is a sphere with different dielectric constant materials.
- the dielectric constant material of each layer theoretically changes between 2 and 1.
- the natural world does not This medium exists and is therefore usually produced by means of artificial synthesis.
- the dielectric constant of the Lombor lens is difficult to achieve this ideal state, and the approximate change state is usually simulated to make the dragon ball.
- the biggest problem with the existing Longbo lens is that the quality is too heavy.
- Conventional Lombor lens antennas are mainly produced by perforating a substrate or by foaming.
- the foaming method can only achieve a dielectric constant of less than 1.4, and the manufacturing process of the punching method is complicated, and the difference between the dielectric constant of the lens and the ideal curve is large, resulting in low radiation efficiency and excessive mass of the lens. Therefore, for a long time, the Longbo lens can only be applied to the passive target detection of the C-wave radar, the blind drop of the airport runway, etc., and it is difficult to enter the civilian field.
- Chinese invention patent discloses an antenna with a lens base station, the core of which is a medium cylindrical rod with uniform dielectric constant as a lens, but the dielectric constant of the dielectric body is a uniform value.
- the radiation effect of the antenna is difficult to compare with the Longbo artificial dielectric multilayer lens.
- it is excited (irradiated) by a 3-sided 10-cell base station antenna at the 120° periphery of the lens to form a 3-beam 120° coverage.
- the beam gain of the antenna is only 1 dB, and the antenna can only generate high frequency beams, and low frequency coverage cannot be achieved.
- the antenna structure is relatively complicated, and a total of 30 unit antennas are used, which has a large structure, complicated installation, and high manufacturing and installation costs.
- the present invention provides an omnidirectional multi-beam antenna based on an artificial medium cylindrical lens, comprising a cylindrical lens, an antenna unit group and a metal base plate, the cylindrical lens being made of an artificial medium material;
- the multi-beam antenna includes two identical antenna unit groups, each of the antenna unit groups includes a plurality of antenna units; the antenna unit is an independent individual, is fixed on the metal base plate, and is integrated;
- the antenna unit group is evenly arranged in two rows along the semicircular surface of the cylindrical lens, and the two rows are relatively shifted by 180°.
- a circumferential arc is formed along the circumference of the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical lens at a height of 1/2, and the two antenna element groups are respectively disposed above and below the circumferential arc, and the two antenna element groups are horizontal.
- the center line spacing is 25-35 cm.
- each antenna element group includes n independent antenna units, specifically including several dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna units and several single-high frequency dual-polarized antenna units.
- the specific value of n is determined according to the diameter of the cylindrical lens and the specific parameter design of the multi-beam antenna;
- n 6
- n 6
- the value of n is 6, including three dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna units and three single-high frequency dual-polarized antenna units;
- the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna unit and the single-high frequency dual-polarized antenna unit are arranged at intervals in each of the antenna unit groups;
- the dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna unit is nested and is constructed by nesting a high-frequency antenna unit in a low-frequency antenna unit.
- the spacing of adjacent antenna elements in each antenna element group is 1-2 cm;
- the focal length between the antenna unit and the cylindrical lens ranges from 4 to 8 cm.
- each single high frequency dual polarized antenna unit comprises a pair of +/- 45[deg.] dipole antennas
- the low frequency antenna unit includes a pair of +/- 45° dipole antennas
- the high frequency antenna unit contains a pair of +/- 45[deg.] dipole antennas.
- each of the antenna elements radiates a maximum direction through a central axis of the cylindrical lens.
- the cylindrical lens has a height of 40-70 cm;
- the cylindrical lens has a height of 50-65 cm;
- the cylindrical lens has a height of 50-60 cm;
- the cylindrical lens has a diameter of 30-70 cm;
- the cylindrical lens has a diameter of 50-65 cm;
- the cylindrical lens has a diameter of 60-65 cm;
- the multi-beam antenna can also be equipped with an electronic switch, which can constitute an electronically switched multi-beam electric scanning antenna.
- the cylindrical lens has a cylindrical shape and includes a plurality of concentric layers having different dielectric constants, and the central cylindrical layer is represented as a first layer, and the remaining layers are sequentially arranged around the central cylindrical layer, and the concentric layers are assembled.
- the dielectric constants of the plurality of concentric layers of the artificial medium multilayer cylindrical lens are reduced from the inside to the outside, and vary from 2.05 to 1.05.
- the plurality of concentric layers are made of a material having a high dielectric constant and a low specific gravity from a low dielectric constant substrate, and the low dielectric constant substrate is a light foaming dielectric material, specifically a density of 0.02. -0.03 g/cm 3 of material.
- the light foaming medium material is polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene
- the high dielectric constant, low specific gravity material comprises one or more of ceramic powder, aluminum silver powder and metal wire.
- the focal length of the antenna referred to in the present invention is the distance between the inside of the antenna unit and the outer surface of the cylindrical lens.
- Each antenna unit should have excellent electrical performance.
- the artificial medium cylindrical lens can work under ultra-wide frequency. It should meet the low frequency unit operating frequency of 806-960MHz, the high frequency unit operating frequency is 1710-2690MHz, and the gain is >8dBi. The ratio is ⁇ 1.4, the isolation is >28dB, and the third-order intermodulation is ⁇ -150dBc.
- the number of beams of the antenna can be designed according to the application, and the number of beams is the number of antenna elements.
- the antenna gain can be designed according to the application, and is determined by the gain of the unit, the number of beams, and the size of the cylindrical lens of the artificial medium. The higher the beam, the higher the gain, and the gain values of the beams are the same.
- the nominal gains of the present invention are all beam gains.
- the two dual-polarized antenna elements are staggered along the outside of the cylindrical lens, and the interval should be determined according to the intersection of two adjacent beams at an intermediate frequency of about -10 dB.
- the maximum antenna gain is obtained by adjusting the distance between the surface of the antenna element and the cylindrical surface of the medium.
- the omnidirectional multi-beam antenna based on an artificial medium cylindrical lens provided by the present invention can realize horizontal omnidirectional coverage in a range of 360°, and the core thereof is to use an artificial medium multilayer cylindrical lens as a carrier and a plurality of independent unit antennas. (Note, not the array antenna), arranged along the outside of the dielectric cylinder, can achieve better results than the traditional multi-beam array antenna, the structure is much simpler.
- the theory of array antenna based on electromagnetic theory is not needed, and it can be produced only by ordinary workers, which is suitable for mass production.
- the multi-beam antenna provided by the present invention uses an artificial medium multilayer cylindrical lens as a carrier, and the width of the radiation lobes in the vertical plane is wider than that of the conventional multi-beam antenna and the existing spherical or hemispherical lenticular lens antenna. 3 times, no need for pitch surface scanning to obtain a wider coverage area, thus eliminating the need for complex electrical tuning mechanisms, which can simplify the two-dimensional scanning of conventional antennas into one-dimensional scanning, regardless of the mobile communication base station antenna, phased array Antennas, outdoor WiFi coverage, Mmimo and 5G have great potential. It can effectively avoid the "black under the tower" phenomenon that is easy to appear in traditional antennas. Especially suitable for dense users and big data traffic business areas.
- the multi-beam antenna provided by the present invention is highly integrated, and can integrate a single antenna of 10 in a duty volume of less than half a cubic meter, and can generate up to 10 beams. Coverage adjustment can be made according to needs, only one site can save a lot of floor space and rent, and has a high cost performance.
- the multi-beam antenna provided by the present invention uses an artificial medium multilayer cylindrical lens as a carrier, and the total apparent density of the artificial medium cylindrical lens used is 0.08-0.09 g/cm 3 , and the mass is about 11 times lighter than that of the polyvinyl chloride natural medium.
- the traditional lens is light in weight and small in size, which can greatly expand the application range of the antenna.
- the multi-beam antenna provided by the present invention has a stronger signal and a higher signal-to-interference ratio than the same gain in most places of the served cell due to its multi-beam high gain and vertical plane width. antenna.
- the vertical surface measured lobes of the present invention are 2-3 times wider than the vertical plane antenna pattern of the tunable antenna. Therefore, the present invention does not require an electrical adjustment mechanism, and the signal-to-interference ratio is higher than that of the same gain. According to Shannon's theorem, the network speed will be faster and the system capacity will be larger, which is especially suitable for dense users and big data traffic business areas.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an 18-beam full-range 360° horizontal coverage antenna provided by the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a top plan view of an 18-beam full-range 360° horizontal coverage antenna provided by the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a front view of an 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna unit provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a single high frequency dual polarization antenna unit provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a comparison diagram of the measured direction of the high-frequency vertical plane antenna of the 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna and the conventional electronic adjustment antenna provided by the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a measured direction diagram of a low frequency 6-beam horizontal plane antenna of an 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a measured view of a high frequency 12-beam horizontal plane antenna of an 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna provided by the present invention.
- 1 cylindrical lens
- 2 antenna unit group
- 3 metal base plate
- 4 dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna unit
- 5 single-frequency dual-polarized antenna unit
- 6 high-frequency antenna unit
- 7 low-frequency antenna unit
- 8 low frequency antenna unit +45° polarized dipole
- 9 high frequency antenna unit +45° polarized dipole
- 10 high frequency antenna unit -45° polarized dipole
- 11 low frequency antenna unit - 45° polarized dipole
- 12 single high frequency dual polarized antenna unit +45° polarized dipole
- 13 single high frequency dual polarized antenna unit -45° polarized dipole
- 14 conventional electric The measured direction of the high frequency vertical plane antenna of the antenna is adjusted
- 15 The measured direction of the high frequency vertical plane antenna of the 18 beam full frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna provided by the present invention.
- the invention provides an omnidirectional multi-beam antenna based on an artificial medium cylindrical lens, comprising a cylindrical lens 1, an antenna unit group 2 and a metal base plate 3, wherein the cylindrical lens 1 is made of an artificial medium material;
- the antenna The unit group 2 includes independent antenna units, each of which is fixed on the metal base plate 3;
- the multi-beam antenna includes two identical antenna unit groups 2, which are evenly arranged along the circumferential surface of the cylindrical lens 1. For the upper and lower rows, the two rows are relatively offset by 180°.
- the cylindrical lens 1 is made of artificial medium material and has a cylindrical shape, and includes a plurality of concentric layers having different dielectric constants.
- the central cylindrical layer is represented as a first layer, and the remaining layers are sequentially arranged around the central cylindrical layer.
- the concentric layers are assembled into a multi-layered cylinder.
- the dielectric constants of the plurality of concentric layers of the artificial medium multilayer cylindrical lens are reduced from the inside to the outside, and vary from 2.05 to 1.05.
- a plurality of concentric layers are made of a material having a low dielectric constant and a low specific gravity by a low dielectric constant substrate during the preparation process.
- the low dielectric constant substrate used in the manufacture of the cylindrical lens 1 of the present invention is generally selected from a light foaming dielectric material.
- the specific material is not particularly limited, but a foam material having a lower density is generally used, and for example, a material having a density of 0.02 to 0.03 g/cm 3 may be used.
- the substrate from which the cylindrical lens 1 is made may be selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene. More preferably, the substrate used is polystyrene.
- the cylindrical lens 1 used in the present invention generally uses a material having a higher dielectric constant and a lower specific gravity in order to ensure that the prepared cylindrical lens 1 has a lower density and a lighter weight.
- this material may be a mixture of one or more materials.
- the material may be selected from one or more of ceramic powder, aluminum silver powder, and metal wire. The above materials are all known materials and are commercially available.
- the number of layers, the height and the diameter of the cylindrical lens 1 used in the present invention, and the number of the antenna elements, and the arrangement of the outer surface of the cylindrical lens 1 can be selected or produced according to the actual needs of the antenna, and are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art are all skilled in the art.
- the above parameters can be designed or selected by actual needs for antenna performance.
- the number of layers of the cylindrical lens 1 may be all integers greater than 1 (not included).
- the number of layers increases, the amount of voids that may occur between the layers during assembly is greater, and the presence of air causes the performance of the cylindrical lens 1 to be greatly discounted. Therefore, when designing the number of layers of the cylindrical lens 1 according to the actual situation, the voids that may occur during assembly should also be considered.
- the height and diameter of the cylindrical lens 1 can be selected according to actual needs, but should not be too large.
- the cylindrical lens 1 used in the present invention has a height of 40 to 70 cm, more preferably 50 to 65 cm, further preferably 50 to 60 cm; diameter preferably 30 to 70 cm, more preferably 50 to 65 cm, further It is preferably 60-65 cm.
- the antenna unit used in the present invention is an independent individual, which is fixed to the metal base plate and arranged on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical lens 1.
- the antenna unit used may be selected according to specific needs. For example, one or more of a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna unit, a single-frequency dual-polarized antenna unit, and a single-frequency single-polarized antenna unit may be selected.
- the arrangement manner can also be set according to specific needs, but it should be ensured that the maximum radiation direction of each antenna unit passes through the central axis of the cylindrical lens 1.
- two antenna element groups are arranged along the outer side of the cylindrical lens 1 in two rows, and two antenna element groups 2 are arranged opposite each other, that is, two rows of antenna elements are arranged in a staggered manner from the elevation plane, and are not mutually arranged. Covered.
- the number of antenna units can be selected according to actual needs, and is specifically selected according to antenna parameters, for example, according to the diameter of the cylindrical lens 1. In the specific arrangement, the horizontal center line spacing of the two row antenna unit groups 2 can be selected according to actual needs.
- the two dual-polarized antenna elements are staggered along the outer side of the cylindrical lens 1, and the interval should be determined according to the intersection of two adjacent beams at an intermediate frequency of -10 dB. .
- the distance between the inside of each antenna element and the outside of the cylindrical lens cylinder, the so-called antenna focal length, should be adjusted according to the specific performance of the antenna to obtain the maximum gain.
- the specific arrangement and spacing of the antenna elements should be determined according to specific needs.
- the horizontal center lines of the upper and lower antenna element groups 2 should be parallel when the antenna elements are arranged along the circumferential surface of the cylindrical lens, and the horizontal center line spacing of the two rows is preferably For 25-35 cm, the adjacent antenna element gap in each antenna unit group 2 is preferably 1-2 cm, and the antenna focal length is preferably 4-8 cm.
- the artificial medium cylindrical lens multi-beam is used to amplify the radiation signal (the gain of the radiation element can be increased by more than 10 dB), and the artificial medium cylindrical lens is used as a carrier, and n unit antennas are arranged on the focal line of the cylindrical lens to form a multi-beam. antenna.
- the antenna unit is combined with the dielectric body cylindrical lens 1, the low-frequency antenna gain can be about 14dBi, and the high-frequency antenna gain can be about 20dBi, forming a multi-beam high-gain antenna.
- the high frequency antenna unit 6 and the low frequency antenna unit 7 constituting the nested dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna unit 4 in the present invention are both dual-polarized antenna units, and the reason for not specifying "dual polarization" is not stated at the time of naming. It is intended to be distinguished from the single high frequency dual polarized antenna unit 5 when expressed in the claims. In essence, however, the high frequency antenna unit 6 for nesting is identical to the single high frequency dual polarized antenna unit 5 acting alone, they also each contain a pair of +/- 45° dipole antennas, both The only difference is that the high frequency antenna unit 6 participates in nesting to form the dual frequency dual polarized antenna unit 4, and is no longer a separate antenna unit.
- n means the total number of dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna elements 4 and single-high frequency dual-polarized antenna elements 5.
- the high frequency antenna unit 6 and the low frequency antenna unit 7 are not included.
- An 18-beam full-range 360° horizontal coverage antenna perspective view as shown in FIG. 1 includes a cylindrical lens 1, an antenna unit group 2 and a metal base plate 3, the cylindrical lens 1 being made of an artificial dielectric material, and the antenna unit group 2 including A plurality of independent antenna units, each of which is fixed to the metal base plate 3.
- the 18-beam antenna includes two identical antenna unit groups 2, and the two antenna unit groups are evenly arranged along the circumferential surface of the cylindrical lens 1 in two rows, and the two rows are relatively shifted by 180°.
- n has a value of 6.
- the multi-beam antenna comprises a total of six dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna units 4 with reflectors (each of which is composed of a high-frequency antenna unit 6 nested in the center of a low-frequency antenna unit 7) And six single-high frequency dual-polarized antenna units with reflectors. Each antenna unit contains a pair of +/- 45° dipole antennas.
- Six dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna elements 4 and six single-high-frequency dual-polarized antenna elements 5 form a total of twelve independent antenna elements, which will generate eighteen beams (including six low-frequency beams, high-frequency beam twelve ), can form an omnidirectional 360° horizontal coverage.
- the 18-beam antenna comprises a cylindrical lens 1 made of an artificial medium material, the cylindrical lens 1 comprising a plurality of concentric layers having different dielectric constants, the central cylindrical layer being represented as a first layer, and the other layers being sequentially oriented around the central cylindrical layer Stacked, each concentric layer is assembled into a multi-layered cylinder whose dielectric constant gradually decreases outward from the first layer, specifically varying between 2.05 and 1.05.
- the cylindrical lens has a height of 60 cm and a diameter of 65 cm.
- the 18-beam antenna includes two antenna element groups 2, each group including three dual-frequency dual-polarization antenna units 4 and Three single high frequency dual polarization antenna units 5.
- the two antenna element groups 2 are arranged with a relative offset of 180°.
- the gap of adjacent antenna elements in each antenna unit group 2 is 1.3 cm on average, and the planes of the antenna elements are adjusted so as to be evenly spaced 6 cm from the outer surface of the cylindrical lens 1 (adjusting the antenna focal length).
- the 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna is shown in the front view, and a circle is formed at a 1/2 height of the cylindrical lens 1 to form a circumferential arc.
- the two antenna element groups 2 are respectively arranged on the circumference. Above and below the arc, the horizontal centerlines of the two antenna element groups 2 are parallel and the centerlines are spaced 28 cm apart.
- the assembly should ensure that the maximum direction of radiation of each antenna element passes through the central axis of the cylindrical lens 1.
- the metal base plate 3 is then fixed to the metal support, and the cylindrical lens 1 is also fixed to the metal support. All nine positive and negative dipoles in the upper row are connected to the 18 coaxial heads on the radome bottom plate.
- all nine positive and negative dipoles in the lower row are connected to the 18 coaxial heads on the radome bottom plate.
- a total of 36 RF coaxial heads are mounted on the base of the radome; the two antenna unit sets 2 are integrally fixed with the cylindrical lens 1 and the radome to form an 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna of the present embodiment. .
- the operating frequency of the low-band dual-polarized antenna unit 4 is 806-960MHz
- the operating frequency of the high-band dual-polarized antenna unit 4 is 1710-2690MHz
- the standing wave ratio of all high and low frequency units is less than 1.4
- the total high and low frequency unit gain is greater than 8.0.
- dBi the isolation between each unit is greater than 28dB
- the third-order intermodulation of all high and low frequency units is less than -150dBc.
- FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna unit according to the embodiment, which is formed by nesting a high-frequency antenna unit 6 in a low-frequency antenna unit 7, and the nested antenna unit is fixed to the metal base plate 3. On, become a whole.
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a single high frequency dual polarization antenna unit according to the embodiment.
- the single high frequency dual polarized antenna unit 5 is mounted on the metal base plate 3, and the two are integrated.
- FIG. 6 is a comparison diagram of the measured direction of the full-frequency 18-beam 360° horizontal coverage antenna and the high-frequency vertical plane antenna of the conventional electronic adjustment antenna according to the embodiment, wherein the line 14 is a high-frequency vertical plane antenna of the conventional electric adjustment antenna.
- the measured direction diagram, line 15 is the measured direction of the high frequency vertical plane antenna of the full frequency 18 beam 360° horizontal coverage antenna provided by the present invention.
- the vertical plane lobe width of the antenna provided by the present invention is 14.74°
- the lobe width of the electric adjustment antenna is 5.56°.
- the antenna flap width provided by the present invention is about 3 times that of the conventional electric adjustment antenna, and thus the present invention The antenna provided does not require an electrical adjustment mechanism. From Fig.
- the present invention is about 10-15 dB higher than the electric adjustable antenna, that is, the signal-to-interference ratio is higher than that of the same gain. According to Shannon's theorem, the network speed will be faster and the system capacity will be larger. Especially suitable for dense users and big data traffic business areas.
- FIG. 7 is a measured direction of a low-frequency 6-beam horizontal plane antenna of an 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna in the present embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that six low-frequency dual-polarized antenna units can reach 13.3 dBi at a low frequency of 880 MHz. Gain.
- the antenna 8 is a measured direction of a high-frequency 12-beam horizontal plane antenna of an 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna in the present embodiment, and an antenna pattern of 12 high-frequency dual-polarized antenna elements at a high frequency of 1990 MHz in the figure.
- the antenna gain can reach 20.0dBi.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the low frequency + high frequency 18 beam horizontal antenna of the 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna in the embodiment.
- the electronic switch can also be used for the above-mentioned 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal coverage antenna, and constitute an electronically-switched 18-beam full-frequency 360° horizontal full coverage electric scanning antenna.
- the multi-beam antenna based on the artificial medium cylindrical lens provided in this embodiment only comprises 6 low-frequency, 12 high-frequency dual-polarized antenna units and 36 RF ports (ie 36 dipole antennas), and generates 18
- the beams can achieve 360° full coverage in the horizontal plane.
- Multi-beam antennas can multiply capacity and accommodate the needs of current and future information transmission bursts.
- the vertical plane pattern of each beam of the antenna provided by the present invention is 2-3 times wider than that of the conventional electric adjustment antenna, and the field strength is dominant in most areas covered, so that no electrical adjustment mechanism is needed, and the traditional antenna can be effectively avoided.
- the phenomenon of “black under the tower” appears, and the application field is wider, especially suitable for dense users and big data traffic service areas, which is the biggest highlight of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 一种基于人工介质圆柱透镜全向多波束天线,包括圆柱透镜,天线单元组和金属底板,其特征在于:所述圆柱透镜由人工介质材料制成;所述多波束天线包括两个相同的天线单元组,所述每个天线单元组包括多个天线单元;所述天线单元为独立个体,固定在所述金属底板上,成为一个整体;所述两个天线单元组沿所述圆柱透镜的半圆周面均匀排列上下两行,两行相对错开180°。
- 如权利要求1所述的多波束天线,其特征在于,沿所述圆柱透镜圆周面1/2高度处标记一周形成一圆周弧线,所述两个天线单元组分别设置于所述圆周弧线上方和下方,所述两个天线单元组水平中心线间距为25-35cm。
- 如权利要求1所述的多波束天线,其特征在于,所述每个天线单元组包括n个独立的天线单元,具体包括若干个双频双极化天线单元和若干个单高频双极化天线单元。
- 如权利要求3所述的多波束天线,其特征在于,n的具体数值根据所述圆柱透镜的直径和所述多波束天线的具体参数设计确定。
- 如权利要求3所述的多波束天线,其特征在于,所述每个天线单元组中双频双极化天线单元与单高频双极化天线单元交叉间隔排列,所述双频双极化天线单元为嵌套式,通过在一个低频天线单元内嵌套一个高频天线单元构成。
- 如权利要求5所述的多波束天线,其特征在于,所述每个天线单元组中相邻天线单元间隔为1-2cm,所述天线单元与圆柱透镜之间的焦距取值范围为4-8cm。
- 如权利要求5所述的多波束天线,其特征在于,所述单高频双极化天线单元含有一对+/-45°偶极子天线,所述低频天线单元含有一对+/-45°偶极子天线,所述高频天线单元含有一对+/-45°偶极子天线。
- 如权利要求1所述的多波束天线,其特征在于,所述圆柱透镜高度为40-70cm,直径为30-70cm。
- 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的多波束天线,其特征在于,所述各天线单元辐射最大方向通过所述圆柱透镜的中轴线。
- 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的多波束天线,其特征在于,所述多波束天线还包括电子开关,构成电子切换多波束电扫描天线。
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US11552390B2 (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2023-01-10 | Rogers Corporation | Dielectric resonator antenna system |
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CN116505292B (zh) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-08 | 西安海天天线科技股份有限公司 | 基于超材料透镜技术的多流全向天线设备 |
CN117855866B (zh) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-05-24 | 西安海天天线科技股份有限公司 | 基于超材料透镜技术的高增益全向天线 |
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