WO2019034088A1 - 熔断结构及熔断器 - Google Patents

熔断结构及熔断器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019034088A1
WO2019034088A1 PCT/CN2018/100691 CN2018100691W WO2019034088A1 WO 2019034088 A1 WO2019034088 A1 WO 2019034088A1 CN 2018100691 W CN2018100691 W CN 2018100691W WO 2019034088 A1 WO2019034088 A1 WO 2019034088A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuse
holes
overcurrent protection
fuse structure
end cap
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/100691
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐芸湘
郑雷
刘子岳
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Publication of WO2019034088A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019034088A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/12—Two or more separate fusible members in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/143—Electrical contacts; Fastening fusible members to such contacts

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of circuit protection technologies, and in particular, to a fuse structure and a fuse.
  • a fuse is often used as a protection device to protect electronic components or electrical equipment in a circuit.
  • the fuse structure in the fuse is burnt by the high temperature due to the heat generated by the excessive current, thereby causing the circuit to form an open circuit, and then the excessive current does not flow in again.
  • the protection circuit and electrical equipment are protected from damage.
  • the present disclosure provides a fuse structure and a fuse, which aims to solve the problem that the existing fuse structure has a long arcing time when the fuse is blown under an overcurrent, the fuse speed is slow, and it is difficult to break the overload current, which is disadvantageous in the connected circuit.
  • the present disclosure provides a fuse structure including: a fuse element that is a multilayer structure that is rolled or folded from a flow-through protective film, the layer of the multilayer structure having a gap between the layers, And the gap is filled with an insulating material.
  • the fuse element includes a fuse body and an auxiliary fuse structure;
  • the auxiliary fuse structure includes a plurality of through holes spaced apart from the overcurrent protection diaphragm;
  • the fuse body includes a plurality of fuse portions The fuse portion is provided by the overcurrent protection diaphragm between adjacent through holes.
  • the through hole has a pore diameter of 1.5 to 5 mm.
  • the through holes are equally spaced along the winding or folding direction of the overcurrent protection film, the fuses being adjacent to the through holes distributed in the winding or folding direction
  • the overcurrent protection diaphragm is provided between.
  • the fuse portion has a width of 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
  • the fuse portion has a width of 0.2 mm.
  • the through holes are distributed in an array on the overcurrent protection diaphragm.
  • the through holes in the same rolling or folding direction are the same row of through hole groups, and the through holes in the adjacent two rows of the through hole groups are staggered.
  • a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece are respectively disposed in the gaps at both ends of the multilayer structure.
  • the gap between the layers is equal to the thickness of the first tab and the second tab.
  • a spacing between several of the through holes proximate the end of the multilayer structure and the ends is > 10 mm.
  • the overcurrent protective membrane has a thickness of ⁇ 0.05 mm.
  • the present disclosure also provides a fuse comprising the above-described fuse structure.
  • the fuse includes a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal, and the fuse structure is disposed between the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal.
  • the fuse further includes a first end cap and a second end cap, the first connection terminal being connected to the fuse structure via the first end cap, the second connection terminal being The second end cap is coupled to the fuse structure.
  • one side of the first end cap is provided with a first recess for mounting one end of the fuse structure
  • one side of the second end cap is provided with a first end for mounting the fuse structure Two grooves.
  • the fuse structure and the fuse of the present disclosure have at least the following beneficial effects with respect to the prior art:
  • the fuse structure and the fuse of the present disclosure roll or fold the fuse element from the overcurrent protection film into a multi-layer structure, on the one hand, can improve the overall structural strength without increasing the thickness of the fuse element, and on the other hand It is convenient to set the insulating material and greatly increase the filling area of the insulating material, so that the heat generated by the fuse structure during normal operation can be transmitted to the insulating material more and faster, so that the fuse structure has better heat dissipation effect and the fuse is safe. Fast and short arcing time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a fuse according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which an insulating material is not shown;
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1;
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic structural views of the overcurrent protection film of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion A in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the overcurrent protection diaphragm of Figure 3 used as a fuse element;
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural view of the overcurrent protection diaphragm of FIG. 3 when used as a fuse element;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an overcurrent protection film and an insulating material according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 100 overcurrent protection diaphragm; 101: gap between layers; 102: insulating material; 110: through hole; 120: fuse; 210: first connecting piece; 220: second connecting piece; 300: outer case 410: first connection terminal; 420: second connection terminal; 510: first end cap; 520: second end cap; 511: first groove; 600: threaded connection; d1: close to the end of the multilayer structure
  • an element when referred to as being “fixed on” or “in” another element, it may be directly on the other element or possibly the third element (ie, the element is disposed through the third element) On the other component mentioned above).
  • an element When an element is referred to as being “connected” to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or a third element (i.e., the one element described above is coupled to the other element through the third element).
  • the fuse structure provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a fuse element which is a multi-layer structure which is rolled or folded by the overcurrent protection film 100, and a layer of a multi-layer structure.
  • a gap 101 is provided between the layers, and the gap 101 is filled with an insulating material 102 having a width d4.
  • the fuse element is rolled or folded into a multi-layer structure by the overcurrent protection film 100, on the one hand, the overall structural strength can be improved without increasing the thickness of the fuse element, and on the other hand, the setting of the insulation material 102 can be facilitated.
  • the filling area of the insulating material 102 is greatly increased, so that the heat generated by the fuse structure during normal operation can be transmitted to the insulating material 102 more and faster, so that the fuse structure has better heat dissipation effect, the fuse is safe and fast, and the fuel is burned.
  • the arc time is short.
  • the thickness of the fuse element is the thickness of the overcurrent protection film 100.
  • the overcurrent protection film 100 is made of silver, copper, silver copper alloy or other conventional materials having high electrical conductivity and high melting point. In order to ensure that the thickness d3 of the overcurrent protection film 100 is thin, it can be fabricated by an existing yellow photolithography process.
  • the "overcurrent protection film 100" can be understood as a thermal fuse, which is a non-resettable one-time thermal protection device which is a thin sheet-like structure.
  • the fuse element is wound from the overcurrent protection film 100 into a multi-layered cylindrical structure.
  • the fuse element is spirally wound by the overcurrent protection film 100 and has a hollow column shape. Easy to make and install.
  • the fuse element can also be rolled from the overcurrent protection diaphragm 100 into a square cylinder or any other shape.
  • the fuse element may be repeatedly folded or otherwise formed into a folded multi-layer structure by the overcurrent protection film 100 via a jig.
  • the shape of the fuse element can be selected by the user according to the installation space of the fuse structure or other practical application requirements, and there is no limitation thereto.
  • the fuse element includes a fuse body and an auxiliary fuse structure
  • the auxiliary fuse structure includes a plurality of through holes 110 spaced apart from the overcurrent protection film 100; the fuse body includes a plurality of fuse portions 120; and the fuse portion 120 is provided by the overcurrent protection film 100 between the adjacent through holes 110.
  • the fuse structure can greatly reduce the overall fuse area of the fuse body by providing a plurality of through holes 110 in the overcurrent protection diaphragm 100, and the fuse area of the single fuse portion 120 between the adjacent through holes 110 is relatively smaller, thereby enabling Greatly reduce arc energy and shorten arcing time.
  • the fuse structure can be quickly blown when the current is too large even when used in a circuit with a high current and voltage value, so as to effectively protect the safety of the circuit, the electrical equipment and the user, and has high safety and reliability. Sex.
  • the through holes 110 are equally spaced along the winding or folding direction of the overcurrent protection film 100 (or the direction indicated by the Y axis in FIGS. 2 and 3), and the fuse portion 120 is edged.
  • An overcurrent protection diaphragm 100 between adjacent through holes 110 distributed in a rolled or folded direction is provided. Since the fuse elements 120 in the same winding or folding direction can be quickly blown to make the fuse element as a whole in an open state, the through holes 110 in the winding or folding direction of the same overcurrent protection film 100 are equally spaced. It is advantageous to ensure that each fuse portion 120 can be blown synchronously and quickly, thereby improving the melting rate of the entire fuse element, and further ensuring the safety and reliability of use.
  • the through holes 110 are distributed in an array on the overcurrent protection diaphragm 100, defined in the same rolling or folding direction (or as indicated by the Y-axis in FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • the through holes 110 are the same row of through hole groups, and a plurality of rows of through hole groups are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the fuse element (refer to the direction indicated by the X axis in FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • Each of the through holes 110 is preferably distributed in a rectangular array on the overcurrent protection film 100, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
  • the rows and the through holes 110 of the row may also be misaligned, specifically
  • a plurality of through holes 110 in the adjacent two rows of through hole groups are staggered, and in the direction indicated by the X-axis in FIGS. 2 and 3, the through holes 110 in one of the rows of through hole groups may be located Between two adjacent through holes 110 in the adjacent via group.
  • the pitch of the plurality of through holes 110 in the adjacent two rows of through hole groups may be the same or different. Since the fuses between the fuses 120 of the same row and the fuses 120 of different rows are different, the former mainly depends on the circuit current, the latter mainly depends on the circuit voltage, and in the overcurrent protection, only the fuses of the same row are required.
  • the portion 120 is melted to achieve the purpose of breaking the circuit. Therefore, the number of rows of the through holes 110 and the spacing between the adjacent through holes 110 can be correspondingly designed according to the rated voltage of the fuse, and the more the number of rows, the fuse element The higher the withstand voltage.
  • the structural strength of the fuse portion 120 is weak and easily broken, thereby affecting the normal operation of the protected circuit, and the width d2 of the fuse portion 120 is preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm. And further preferably 0.2 mm.
  • the thickness d3 of the overcurrent protection film 100 is preferably ⁇ 0.05 mm.
  • the first connecting piece 210 and the second connecting piece 220 are respectively disposed in the gap 101 at both ends of the multilayer structure, that is, the gap 101 at one end of the multilayer structure is provided.
  • the first connecting piece 210 is provided with a second connecting piece 220 in the gap 101 at the other end of the multilayer structure; in actual production, the developed length of the first connecting piece 210 and the second connecting piece 220 is preferably matched with the overcurrent protection film
  • the unfolding length of 100 is substantially the same, and the first connecting piece 210 and the second connecting piece 220 may be respectively fixed to the overcurrent protection film 100 by welding (the welding method may be resistance welding, brazing, etc.) or bonding.
  • the two ends are rolled or folded together in a multi-layer structure, which is more convenient for rolling or folding operations.
  • the width d4 of the gap 101 between the layers is preferably equal to the thickness of the first connecting piece 210 and the second connecting piece 220, that is, the first connecting piece 210 and the second connecting piece 220 preferably have the same size structure, especially It is ensured that the thickness of the first connecting piece 210 and the thickness of the second connecting piece 220 are the same, and the thickness d4 of the gap 101 between the layers of the multilayer structure is controlled by the thickness of the first connecting piece 210 / the second connecting piece 220, It is advantageous to ensure that the gap 101 is evenly distributed, thereby facilitating the improvement of the fuse and heat dissipation effect of the entire fuse element.
  • the first connecting piece 210 and the second connecting piece 220 can facilitate the installation and connection of the external structure, and can also better support and position the fuse element during the manufacture and use of the fuse element, and improve the fuse element. The structural stability.
  • the material of the first connecting piece 210 and the second connecting piece 220 is preferably copper, but is not limited to copper, and other conventional conductive materials may be used.
  • both ends of the multilayer structure usually need to be connected to the external structure, or are mounted or connected to the external structure through the first connecting piece 210 and the second connecting piece 220, the plurality of through holes 110 near the end of the multilayer structure are A certain distance d1 is usually left between the ends, and the spacing d1 is preferably ⁇ 10 mm in order to ensure the convenience of installation and the stability of the structure.
  • the shape of the through hole 110 may be a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a rhombus shape or the like, but is not limited to these shapes; and the through hole 110 has a hole diameter of 1.5 to 5 mm.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a fuse including the above-described fuse structure.
  • the technical effect of the embodiment of the present disclosure is the same as that of the method embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the fuse includes a first connection terminal 410 and a second connection terminal 420, and the fuse structure is disposed between the first connection terminal 410 and the second connection terminal 420.
  • the fuse structure can be conveniently connected to the protected circuit through the first connection terminal 410 and the second connection terminal 420.
  • the first connecting terminal 410 may be an integral part or a combination of upper and lower parts.
  • the second connecting terminal 420 may be integral or composed of upper and lower parts; the first connecting terminal 410 and the second connecting terminal 420 is made of copper or other materials with high electrical conductivity.
  • the fuse further includes The first end cap 510 and the second end cap 520 are connected to the fuse structure via the first end cap 510, and the second connection terminal 420 is connected to the fuse structure via the second end cap 520.
  • the first connection terminal 410 is fixed to one side of the first end cap 510 by a screw connection 600, and the other side of the first end cap 510 is provided with a first recess for mounting one end of the fuse structure.
  • the first end cap 510 and the second end cap 520 are made of copper or other materials having high electrical conductivity.
  • first end cap 510 and the second end cap 520 may further be provided with filling holes (not shown).
  • the above-mentioned fuse structure is further provided with a casing 300, and two ends of the casing 300 are fixedly connected with the first end cap 510 and the second end cap 520, that is, one end of the casing 300 and The first end cap 510 is coupled, and the other end of the outer casing 300 is coupled to the second end cap 520.
  • the outer casing 300 is made of ceramic or glass fiber or other non-metallic material with good insulation and high mechanical strength, and the shape thereof may be a circular tube shape or a column shape.
  • the outer casing 300 is spaced from the fuse structure and is preferably filled with an insulating material 102 therebetween.
  • the above insulating material 102 is preferably quartz sand or other material having a high thermal conductivity.

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  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

一种熔断结构，包括：熔断元件，熔断元件是由过流保护膜片(100)卷制或折叠而成的多层结构，多层结构的层与层之间具有间隙(101)，且间隙(101)内填充有绝缘材料(102)。

Description

熔断结构及熔断器
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201710696174.X，申请日为2017年8月15日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本公开涉及电路保护技术领域，尤其涉及一种熔断结构及熔断器。
背景技术
熔断器作为一种保护设备常用于保护电路中的电子元件或电气设备。当电路中的瞬间电流超过预定的电流额值时，熔断器中的熔断结构会因过大的电流所产生的热量而被高温烧熔，进而使得电路形成断路，那么过大的电流不再流入电路中，以保护电路及电气设备免于受损。
现有的熔断器，尤其是电流及电压额值较高的熔断器基本都是采用较厚的片状熔断结构。申请人在长期的生产应用中发现，现有的熔断结构在过电流下熔断时燃弧时间长，熔断速度慢，且较难分断过载电流，不利于所连接电路中其它电器的安全及人身安全。
发明内容
基于此，本公开提供了一种熔断结构及熔断器，旨在解决现有熔断结构在过电流下熔断时燃弧时间长，熔断速度慢，且较难分断过载电流，不利于所连接电路中其它电器的安全及人身安全的技术问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本公开的熔断结构采用的技术方案是：
本公开提供的一种熔断结构，包括：熔断元件，所述熔断元件是由过流保护膜片卷制或折叠而成的多层结构，所述多层结构的层与层之间具有间隙，且所述间隙内填充有绝缘材料。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，所述熔断元件包括熔断体和辅助熔断结构；所述辅助熔断结构包括间隔设于所述过流保护膜片上的若干通孔；所述熔断体包括若干熔断部；所述熔断部由相邻所述通孔之间的所述过流保护膜片提供。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，所述通孔的孔径为1.5～5mm。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，所述通孔沿所述过流保护膜片的卷制或折叠方向等间距分布，所述熔断部由沿卷制或折叠方向分布的相邻所述通孔之间的所述过流保护膜片提供。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，所述熔断部宽度为0.1～0.3mm。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，所述熔断部宽度为0.2mm。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，所述通孔在所述过流保护膜片上呈阵列分布。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，同一卷制或折叠方向的所述通孔为同一排通孔组，相邻两排所述通孔组中的所述通孔错开分布。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，在所述多层结构两端部的所述间隙内分别设有第一连接片和第二连接片。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，所述层与层之间的间隙与所述第一连接片和所述第二连接片的厚度相等。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，靠近所述多层结构端部的若干所述通孔与所述端部之间的间距≥10mm。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，所述过流保护膜片的厚度≤0.05mm。
本公开还提供的一种熔断器，包括上述熔断结构。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，该熔断器包括第一连接端子和第二连接端子，所述熔断结构设于所述第一连接端子和所述第二连接端子之间。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，该熔断器还包括第一端帽和第二端帽，所述第一连接端子经所述第一端帽与所述熔断结构相连，所述第二连接端子经所述第二端帽与所述熔断结构相连。
根据本公开的其中一些示例，所述第一端帽的一侧设有用于安装熔断结构一端部的第一凹槽，所述第二端帽的一侧设有用于安装熔断结构一端部的第二凹槽。
基于上述技术方案，本公开的熔断结构及熔断器相对于现有技术至少具有以下有益效果：
本公开的熔断结构及熔断器，将熔断元件由过流保护膜片卷制或折叠成多层结构，一方面能在不增加熔断元件厚度的前提下，提高整体的结构强度，另一方面能方便绝缘材料的设置，并大幅提高绝缘材料的填充面积，使熔断结构在正常工作时产生的热量能更多、更快地传递给绝缘材料，从而使熔断结构具有较好的散热效果，熔断安全快速，且燃弧时间短。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种熔断器的分解结构示意图，其中未示出绝缘材料；
图2为图1的剖视示意图；
图3为图1和图2中过流保护膜片的结构示意图；
图4为图3中A处放大示意图；
图5为图3中过流保护膜片用作熔断元件时的一种结构示意图；
图6为图3中过流保护膜片用作熔断元件时的另一种结构示意图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的过流保护膜片和绝缘材料的示意图。
附图标记说明：
100：过流保护膜片；101：层与层之间的间隙；102：绝缘材料；110：通孔；120：熔断部；210：第一连接片；220：第二连接片；300：外壳；410：第一连接端子；420：第二连接端子；510：第一端帽；520：第二端帽；511：第一凹槽；600：螺纹连接件；d1：靠近多层结构端部的若干通孔与端部之间的间距；d2：熔断部的宽度；d3：过流保护膜片的厚度；d4：层与层之间的间隙的宽度。
具体实施方式
为了使本公开要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本公开进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本公开，并不用于限定本公开。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设于”另一个元件上时，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者可能同时存在第三元件(即上述元件通过该第三元件布置在上述另一个元件上)。当一个元件被称为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接另一个元件或者可能同时存在第三元件(即上述一个元件通过该第三元件连接在上述另一个元件上)。
还需要说明的是，以下实施例中的上、下等方位用语，仅是互为相对概念或是以产品的正常使用状态为参考的，而不应该认为是具有限制性的。
参照图1至图7所示，本公开实施例提供的熔断结构，包括：熔断元件，该熔断元件是由过流保护膜片100卷制或折叠而成的多层结构，多层结构的层与层之间设置间隙101，且间隙101内填充有绝缘材料102，所述间隙101的宽度为d4。将熔断元件由过流保护膜片100卷制或折叠成多层结构，一方面能在不增加熔断元件的厚度的前提下，提高整体的结构强度，另一方面能方便绝缘材料102的设置，并大幅提高绝缘材料102的填充面积， 使熔断结构在正常工作时产生的热量能更多、更快地传递给绝缘材料102，从而使熔断结构具有较好的散热效果，熔断安全快速，且燃弧时间短。其中熔断元件的厚度为过流保护膜片100的厚度。
上述过流保护膜片100由银、铜、银铜合金或其他现有的电导率高且熔点高的材料制作而成。为了保证过流保护膜片100的厚度d3较薄，可采用现有的黄光蚀刻制程进行制作。这里，需要说明的是，“过流保护膜片100”可以理解为一种热熔断体，它是一种不可复位的一次性热敏保护器件，其为厚度较薄的片状结构。
可选的，上述熔断元件由过流保护膜片100卷制成多层筒状结构，具体在本实施例中，该熔断元件由过流保护膜片100卷制成螺旋状，并且呈空心柱状，方便制作和安装。当然，该熔断元件也可以由过流保护膜片100卷制成方筒形或其他任意形状。另一种可选的结构是，上述熔断元件由过流保护膜片100经夹具反复折叠或其他方式制成折叠式的多层结构。用户可根据熔断结构的安装空间或其他实际应用需求选择熔断元件的形状，对此不作限制。
进一步的，参照图1和图2所示，熔断元件包括熔断体和辅助熔断结构；
辅助熔断结构包括间隔设于过流保护膜片100的若干通孔110；熔断体包括若干熔断部120；熔断部120由相邻通孔110之间的过流保护膜片100提供。
该熔断结构通过在过流保护膜片100上设置若干通孔110，能够大幅减小熔断体的整体熔断面积，并且相邻通孔110之间单个熔断部120的熔断面积相对更小，从而能极大的减小电弧能量、缩短燃弧时间。该熔断结构即使在电流及电压额值较高的电路中使用时，也能在电流过大时快速熔断，以有效的保护电路、电气设备及用户的人生安全，具有较高的安全性和可靠性。
进一步的，在本实施例中，通孔110沿过流保护膜片100的卷制或折叠方向(或者说沿图2和图3中Y轴所示方向)等间距分布，熔断部120由沿卷制或折叠方向分布的相邻通孔110之间的过流保护膜片100提供。由于只有在同一个卷制或折叠方向的各熔断部120快速熔断才能使熔断元件整体呈断路状态，故将沿同一过流保护膜片100的卷制或折叠方向的各通孔110等间距分布，有利于确保各熔断部120能同步且快速地熔断，从而提升熔断元件整体的熔断速率，进一步确保使用的安全性和可靠性。
由于熔断元件通常具有一定的长度，故各通孔110在过流保护膜片100上呈阵列分布，定义沿同一卷制或折叠方向(或者参照图2和图3中Y轴所示方向)的通孔110为同一排通孔组，则在熔断元件的长度方向(参照图2和图3中X轴所示方向)上间隔分布有多排通孔组。各通孔110优选在过流保护膜片100上呈矩形阵列分布，如图3和图4所示，以 方便加工制造；当然，排与排的通孔110之间也可以错位分布，具体地，例如，相邻两排通孔组中的多个通孔110交错布置，在图2和图3中X轴所示的方向上，其中一排通孔组中的通孔110可以位于与其相邻的通孔组中的两个相邻通孔110之间。另外相邻两排通孔组中的多个通孔110的间距可以相同也可以不同。由于同一排的熔断部120与不同排的熔断部120之间的熔断方式不同，前者主要取决于电路电流，后者主要取决于电路电压，而在过流保护中，只需同一排的各熔断部120均熔断即可达到断路的目的，故通孔110的排数以及相邻排通孔110之间的间距具体可根据熔断器的额定电压进行相应的选择设计，排数越多该熔断元件的耐压越高。
进一步的，为了尽可能的提高熔断速率，同时避免通孔110过多而导致熔断部120的结构强度较弱易断裂而影响被保护电路的正常运行，熔断部120宽度d2优选为0.1～0.3mm，并进一步优选为0.2mm。
类似的，为了尽可能的提高熔断速率，过流保护膜片100的厚度d3优选≤0.05mm。
进一步的，在本实施例中，在多层结构两端部的间隙101内分别设有第一连接片210和第二连接片220，也就是说，多层结构一端部的间隙101内设有第一连接片210，多层结构另一端部的间隙101内设有第二连接片220；实际制作时，该第一连接片210和第二连接片220的展开长度优选与过流保护膜片100的展开长度大致相同，可以通过焊接(该焊接方式可以采用电阻焊、钎焊等)或粘接等方式将第一连接片210、第二连接片220分别固连于过流保护膜片100的两端，再一起卷制或折叠呈多层结构，更加方便卷制或折叠操作。层与层之间的间隙101的宽度d4优选与第一连接片210和第二连接片220的厚度相等，即该第一连接片210和第二连接片220优选采用相同的尺寸结构，尤其是保证第一连接片210的厚度和第二连接片220的厚度相同，利用第一连接片210/第二连接片220的厚度来控制多层结构的层与层之间的间隙101的宽度d4，有利于保证该间隙101均匀分布，从而有利于提高该熔断元件整体的熔断及散热效果。此外，该第一连接片210和第二连接片220在起到便于安装和连接外部结构的同时，还能在熔断元件的制作及使用过程中起到较好的支撑定位作用，提高了熔断元件的结构稳固性。
需要说明的是，上述卷绕或折叠的层数取决于所做熔断器的型号，此处不做限制。
上述第一连接片210和第二连接片220的材质优选为铜，但不局限于铜，也可以采用其他现有的导电材料。
由于多层结构的两端部通常需要与外部结构相连，或者通过上述第一连接片210和第二连接片220进行安装或与外部结构相连，故靠近多层结构端部的若干通孔110与端部之 间通常留有一定的间距d1，为确保安装的便利性及结构的稳定性，该间距d1优选≥10mm。
进一步的，在本实施例中，上述通孔110的形状可以是圆形、椭圆形、菱形等形状，但不局限于这些形状；通孔110的孔径在1.5～5mm范围内时效果较佳。
本公开实施例还提供了一种熔断器，包括上述熔断结构。由于与本公开熔断结构实施例基于同一构思，其带来的技术效果与本公开方法实施例相同，具体内容可参见本公开方法实施例中的叙述，此处不再赘述。
进一步的，在本实施例中，该熔断器包括第一连接端子410和第二连接端子420，熔断结构设于第一连接端子410和第二连接端子420之间。通过第一连接端子410和第二连接端子420能方便的将熔断结构接入到被保护的电路中。
上述第一连接端子410可以是一个整体，也可以是上下两部分组成；同理，第二连接端子420可以是一个整体，也可以由上下两部分组成；第一连接端子410和第二连接端子420由导电率高的铜或其它材质制成。
进一步的，在本实施例中，由于上述第一连接端子410和第二连接端子420的形状及尺寸大小通常与熔断结构的形状及尺寸大小不同，故为了方便安装固定，该熔断器还包括第一端帽510和第二端帽520，第一连接端子410经第一端帽510与熔断结构相连，第二连接端子420经上述第二端帽520与熔断结构相连。
具体在本实施例中，上述第一连接端子410通过螺纹连接件600固定在第一端帽510的一侧，第一端帽510的另一侧设有用于安装熔断结构一端部的第一凹槽511；类似的，上述第二连接端子420通过螺纹连接件600固定在第二端帽520的一侧，第二端帽520的另一侧设有用于安装熔断结构另一端部的第二凹槽(未示出)。熔断结构的两端部可分别通过焊接固定于第一凹槽511和第二凹槽中，该焊接方式可以采用钎焊、回流焊等。
上述第一端帽510和第二端帽520由铜或是其它导电率高的材料制成。
为了方便绝缘材料102的填充，上述第一端帽510和第二端帽520上还可以设有填充孔(未示出)。
在实际应用时，为了使用的安全性，上述熔断结构外还套设有外壳300，该外壳300的两端分别与第一端帽510和第二端帽520固定连接即该外壳300的一端与第一端帽510连接，该外壳300的另一端与第二端帽520连接。外壳300由绝缘性佳，机械强度高的陶瓷或是玻璃纤维或是其它非金属材料组成，其形状可以是圆管形，或是柱形。外壳300与熔断结构保持间距设置，两者之间优选填充有绝缘材料102。
上述绝缘材料102优选为具有高导热率的石英砂或其他材料。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本公开的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本公开的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种熔断结构，其特征在于，包括：
    熔断元件，所述熔断元件是由过流保护膜片卷制或折叠而成的多层结构，所述多层结构的层与层之间具有间隙，且所述间隙内填充有绝缘材料。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：所述熔断元件包括熔断体和辅助熔断结构；所述辅助熔断结构包括间隔设于所述过流保护膜片上的若干通孔；所述熔断体包括若干熔断部；所述熔断部由相邻所述通孔之间的所述过流保护膜片提供。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：所述通孔的孔径为1.5～5mm。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：所述通孔沿所述过流保护膜片的卷制或折叠方向等间距分布，所述熔断部由沿卷制或折叠方向分布的相邻所述通孔之间的所述过流保护膜片提供。
  5. 如权利要求2-4任意一项所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：所述熔断部宽度为0.1～0.3mm。
  6. 如权利要求2-5任意一项所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：所述熔断部宽度为0.2mm。
  7. 如权利要求2-6中任一项所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：所述通孔在所述过流保护膜片上呈阵列分布。
  8. 如权利要求2-6中任一项所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：同一卷制或折叠方向的所述通孔为同一排通孔组，相邻两排所述通孔组中的所述通孔错开分布。
  9. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：在所述多层结构两端部的所述间隙内分别设有第一连接片和第二连接片。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：所述间隙的宽度与所述第一连接片和所述第二连接片的厚度相等。
  11. 如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：靠近所述多层结构端部的若干所述通孔与所述端部之间的间距≥10mm。
  12. 如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的熔断结构，其特征在于：所述过流保护膜片的厚度≤0.05mm。
  13. 一种熔断器，其特征在于：包括权利要求1-12中任一项所述的熔断结构。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的熔断器，其特征在于：包括第一连接端子和第二连接端子，所述熔断结构设于所述第一连接端子和所述第二连接端子之间。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的熔断器，其特征在于：还包括第一端帽和第二端帽，所述第一连接端子经所述第一端帽与所述熔断结构相连，所述第二连接端子经所述第二端帽与所述熔断结构相连。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的熔断器，其特征在于：所述第一端帽的一侧设有用于安装熔断结构一端部的第一凹槽，所述第二端帽的一侧设有用于安装熔断结构一端部的第二凹槽。
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JP2007059082A (ja) * 2005-08-22 2007-03-08 Fuji Electric Fa Components & Systems Co Ltd ヒューズ
CN202120841U (zh) * 2011-07-19 2012-01-18 人民电器集团有限公司 有填料封闭管式敞开型熔断器
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