Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
  • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
  • C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
  • B22F1/09—Mixtures of metallic powders
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
  • B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
  • B22F3/10—Sintering only
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
  • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
  • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
  • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
  • C22C19/057—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being less 10%
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
  • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
  • B22F2301/15—Nickel or cobalt
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
  • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
  • B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder

Definitions

• the present embodiments are directed to green preforms, pre-sintered preforms, and processes of forming and using pre-sintered preforms. More specifically, the present embodiments are directed to hybrid green preforms with a core of a first alloy and a powder composition on the core, hybrid pre- sintered preforms with a core of a first alloy and a pre-sintered preform on the surface of the core, and processes of forming and using such preforms.
• Brazing is a useful process for joining two components or materials together.
• the brazing process may, however, be dependent upon specialty materials, such as a braze paste.
• the braze paste itself may have a short shelf life, and it may be difficult to control, for example, the consistency, quantity, and location of the braze paste, especially if access to the braze location is limited for the paste. If too little of an amount of braze paste is applied, the part may need to be reworked. If too great an amount of braze paste is applied, the braze paste may run to undesirable areas of the part. In addition, the use of a braze paste may result in inconsistencies in the brazing process, thereby resulting in a nonuniform component being manufactured or being repaired.
• turbine components are often manufactured with openings or passageways that, in certain situations, are no longer needed or are advantageously sealed or blocked after manufacture.
• Examples in a gas turbine system include a tip plug, a plenum hole, and a ball chute. These openings may be difficult to access for sealing or blocking.
• Conventionally, such openings are sealed or blocked by brazing either a pre-sintered preform ball or a metal ball of a superalloy, such as Hastelloy X, together with a braze paste.
• Pre-sintered preform vendors are limited in number, and obtaining pre- sintered preforms, especially customized pre-sintered preforms, from vendors may take time and be costly.
• a process includes agitating at least one core of a core alloy together with a braze binder to form at least one coated core including the at least one core coated with a first layer of the braze binder.
• the process also includes agitating the at least one coated core together with a powder composition including a first metal powder of a first alloy and a second metal powder of a second alloy to form a green preform having a first powder composition layer of the first alloy and the second alloy.
• the process further includes sintering the green preform to form at least one hybrid pre-sintered preform.
• a green preform in another embodiment, includes a core of a core alloy, a first layer of a braze binder coated on the core, and a powder composition including a first metal powder of a first alloy and a second metal powder of a second alloy coated on the first layer.
• the first alloy has a first melting point of at least about 2400 °F
• the second alloy has a second melting point of below about 2350 °F.
• a hybrid pre-sintered preform includes a core of a core alloy and a first layer sintered to the core.
• the first layer is a sintered powder composition including a first alloy from a first metal powder and a second alloy from a second metal powder.
• the first alloy has a first melting point of at least about 2400 °F, and the second alloy has a second melting point of below about 2350 °F.
• FIG. 1 schematically shows a process of forming a hybrid pre-sintered preform.
• FIG. 2 schematically shows a process of brazing a hybrid pre-sintered preform.
• a hybrid green preform with a core of a first alloy and a powder composition on the core
• a hybrid pre-sintered preform PSP
• PSP hybrid pre-sintered preform
• Embodiments of the present disclosure for example, in comparison to concepts failing to include one or more of the features disclosed herein, provide hybrid PSPs, provide hybrid PSP balls, provide significantly lower cost hybrid PSPs, provide significantly lower cost hybrid PSP balls, provide easier control of the production of hybrid PSPs, provide easier control of the production of hybrid PSP balls, permit the production of a hybrid PSP on a shop floor, permit the production of a hybrid PSP ball on a shop floor, provide hybrid PSP balls for closure of turbine bucket ball chutes, provide hybrid PSP balls for sealing of tip plugs, provide hybrid PSP balls for blocking of plenum holes, or combinations thereof.
• B93 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 13.7% and about 14.3% chromium (Cr), between about 9.0% and about 10.0%> cobalt (Co), between 4.6%o and about 5.0% titanium (Ti), between about 4.5% and about 4.8%> silicon (Si), between about 3.7%o and about 4.3% molybdenum (Mo), between about 3.7% and about 4.0% tungsten (W), between about 2.8%) and about 3.2% aluminum (Al), between about 0.50% and about 0.80% boron (B), between about 0.13%) and about 0.19% carbon (C), incidental impurities, and a balance of nickel (Ni).
• B93 is commercially available, for example, from Oerlikon Metco (Pfaffikon, Switzerland).
• BNi-2 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 7% Cr, about 4.5%) Si, about 3% B, about 3% iron (Fe), incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• BNi-2 is commercially available, for example, from Lucas-Milhaupt, Inc. (Cudahy, WI).
• BNi-3 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 4.5% Si, about 3%o B, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• BNi-3 is commercially available, for example, from Lucas-Milhaupt, Inc.
• BNi-5" refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 19% Cr, about 10%) Si, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• BNi-5 is commercially available, for example, from Lucas-Milhaupt, Inc.
• BNi-6 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 11%) phosphorus (P), incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• P phosphorus
• BNi-6 is commercially available, for example, from Lucas-Milhaupt, Inc.
• BNi-7 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 14% Cr, about 10%) P, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni. BNi-7 is commercially available, for example, from Lucas-Milhaupt, Inc.
• BNi-9 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 15% Cr, about 3%o B, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• BNi-9 is commercially available, for example, from Lucas-Milhaupt, Inc.
• BNi-10 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 16% W, about 11.5% Cr, about 3.5% Si, about 3.5% Fe, about 2.5% B, about 0.5% C, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• BNi-10 is commercially available, for example, from AnHui Huazhong Welding Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (Hefei, China).
• BRB refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 13.0%) and about 14.0% Cr, between about 9.0% and about 10.0% Co, between about 3.5% and about 3.8%o Al, between about 2.25% and about 2.75% B, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• BRB is commercially available, for example, from Oerlikon Metco.
• D15 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 14.8%) and about 15.8% Cr, between about 9.5% and about 11.0% Co, between about 3.2% and about 3.7%o Al, between about 3.0% and about 3.8% tantalum (Ta), between about 2.1% and about 2.5% B, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni. D15 is commercially available, for example, from Oerlikon Metco.
• DF4B refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 13.0%) and about 15% Cr, between about 9.0% and about 11.0% Co, between about 3.25 and about 3.75%o Al, between about 2.25% and about 2.75% Ta, between about 2.5% and about 3.0% B, between about 0.01%) and about 0.10% yttrium (Y), incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• DF4B is commercially available, for example, from Oerlikon Metco.
• GTD 111 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 13.70%) and about 14.30% Cr, between about 9.0% and about 10.0% Co, between about 4.7% and about 5.1%) Ti, between about 3.5% and about 4.1% W, between about 2.8% and about 3.2% Al, between about 2.4% and about 3.1% Ta, between about 1.4% and about 1.7% Mo, about 0.35% Fe, about 0.3% Si, about 0.15% niobium (Nb), between about 0.08% and about 0.12% C, about 0.1% manganese (Mn), about 0.1% copper (Cu), about 0.04% zirconium (Zr), between about 0.005%> and about 0.020%) B, about 0.015% P, about 0.005%> sulfur (S), incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• GTD 444" refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 9.75% Cr, about 7.5% Co, about 4.2% Al, about 3.5% Ti, about 4.8% Ta, about 6% W, about 1.5% Mo, up to about 0.5%) Nb, up to about 0.2% Fe, up to about 0.2% Si, up to about 0.15% hafnium (Hf), up to about 0.08%) C, up to about 0.009%> Zr, up to about 0.009%> B, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• Hastelloy X refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 8% and about 10% Mo, between about 20.5% and about 23% Cr, between about 17% and about 20%o Fe, between about 0.2% and about 1% W, between about 0.5% and about 2.5% Co, between about 0.05%. and about 0.15%.
• C up to about 1% Si, up to about 1% Mn, up to about 0.01%.
• B up to about 0.04%.
• P up to about 0.03% S, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• HTYNES 188 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 21% and about 23% Cr, between about 20% and about 24% Ni, between about 13% and about 15%. W, up to about 3% Fe, up to about 1.25% Mn, between about 0.2% and about 0.5% Si, between about 0.05% and about 0.15% C, between about 0.03% and about 0.12% lanthanum (La), up to about 0.02% P, up to about 0.015% B, up to about 0.015% S, incidental impurities, and a balance of Co.
• HYNES 230 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 22% Cr, about 2% Mo, about 0.5% Mn, about 0.4% Si, about 14% W, about 0.3% Al, about 0.1% C, about 0.02%) La, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• INCONEL 738 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 15.7% and about 16.3% Cr, about 8.0% to about 9.0% Co, between about 3.2% and about 3.7%o Ti, between about 3.2% and about 3.7% Al, between about 2.4% and about 2.8% W, between about 1.5% and about 2.0% Ta, between about 1.5% and about 2.0% Mo, between about 0.6% and about 1.1% Nb, up to about 0.5% Fe, up to about 0.3% Si, up to about 0.2% Mn, between about 0.15% and about 0.20%) C, between about 0.05% and about 0.15% Zr, up to about 0.015% S, between about 0.005%) and about 0.015% B, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• L605" refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 19% and about 21% Cr, between about 14% and about 16% W, between about 9% and about 1 1% Ni, up to about 3%o Fe, between about 1% and about 2% Mn, between about 0.05% and about 0.15% C, up to about 0.4%) Si, up to about 0.04% P, up to about 0.03% S, incidental impurities, and a balance of Co.
• MarM247 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 9.3%o and about 9.7% W, between about 9.0% and about 9.5% Co, between about 8.0% and about 8.5%o Cr, between about 5.4% and about 5.7% Al, optionally about 3.2% Ta, optionally about 1.4% Hf, up to about 0.25%) Si, up to about 0.1% Mn, between about 0.06% and about 0.09% C, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• MarM509 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 22.5% and about 24.25%> Cr, between about 9%> and about 1 1%> Ni, between about 6.5%> and about 7.5%o W, between about 3%> and about 4%> Ta, up to about 0.3%> Ti (for example, between about 0.15% and about 0.3%> Ti), up to about 0.65%> C (for example, between about 0.55%> and about 0.65%> C), up to about 0.55%) Zr (for example, between about 0.45%> and about 0.55%> Zr), incidental impurities, and a balance of Co.
• a composition, by weight of between about 22.5% and about 24.25%> Cr, between about 9%> and about 1 1%> Ni, between about 6.5%> and about 7.5%o W, between about 3%> and about 4%> Ta, up to about 0.3%> Ti (for example, between about 0.15% and about 0.3%> Ti), up to about 0.65%> C (for example, between about 0.55%>
• MarM509B refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 22.00% and about 24.75% Cr, between about 9.0% and about 1 1.0% Ni, between about 6.5% and about 7.6%o W, between about 3.0%> and about 4.0%> Ta, between about 2.6%> and about 3.16% B, between about 0.55%> and about 0.64%> C, between about 0.30%> and about 0.60%> Zr, between about 0.15% and about 0.30% Ti, up to about 1.30% Fe, up to about 0.40% Si, up to about 0.10% Mn, up to about 0.02%) S, incidental impurities, and a balance of Co.
• MM509B is commercially available, for example, from WES GO Ceramics.
• Ring 108 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 9%o and about 10%> Co, between about 9.3%> and about 9.7%> W, between about 8.0%> and about 8.7%o Cr, between about 5.25%> and about 5.75%> Al, between about 2.8%> and about 3.3%> Ta, between about 1.3%) and about 1.7% Hf, up to about 0.9% Ti (for example, between about 0.6%> and about 0.9% Ti), up to about 0.6%> Mo (for example, between about 0.4% and about 0.6% Mo), up to about 0.2% Fe, up to about 0.12%) Si, up to about 0.1% Mn, up to about 0.1% Cu, up to about 0.1% C (for example, between about 0.07% and about 0.1% C), up to about 0.1% Nb, up to about 0.02% Zr (for example, between about 0.005%> and about 0.02% Zr), up to about 0.02% B (for example, between about 0.01% and about 0.02% B), up to about 0.02% B (for example, between about
• Rene 142 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 12% Co, about 6.8% Cr, about 6.4% Ta, about 6.1% Al, about 4.9% W, about 2.8% rhenium (Re), about 1.5% Mo, about 1.5% Hf, about 0.12% C, about 0.02% Zr, about 0.015% B, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• Ring 195" refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 7.6% Cr, about 3.1% Co, about 7.8% Al, about 5.5% Ta, about 0.1% Mo, about 3.9% W, about 1.7% Re, about 0.15%) Hf, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• Rene N2 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of about 13% Cr, about 7.5% Co, about 6.6% Al, about 5% Ta, about 3.8% W, about 1.6% Re, about 0.15% Hf, incidental impurities, and a balance of Ni.
• T800 refers to an alloy including a composition, by weight, of between about 27.0% and about 30.0% Mo, between about 16.5% and about 18.5% Cr, between about 3.0% and 3.8% Si, up to about 1.5% Fe, up to about 1.5% Ni, up to about 0.15% oxygen (O), up to about 0.08% C, up to about 0.03%) P, up to about 0.03% S, incidental impurities, and a balance of Co.
• T800 is produced, for example, by Deloro Stellite Inc. and is commercially available, for example, from WESGO Ceramics.
• a process includes placing cores 10 of a core alloy in a container 12 with a braze binder 14.
• the cores 10 in FIG. 1 are spherical.
• the container 12 in FIG. 1 is a plastic bottle with a cap.
• the container 12 is placed in a mixer 20, which shakes the container 12 to agitate the cores 10 and the braze binder 14 to form coated cores 22 of the cores 10 each coated with a layer of the braze binder 14.
• a first powder 30 of a first alloy is mixed with a second powder 32 of a second alloy to form a powder composition 34.
• the first alloy and the second alloy have different melting temperatures.
• the powder composition 34 and the coated cores 22 are placed in a container 12.
• the container 12 for the coated cores 22 and the powder composition 34 in FIG. 1 is a plastic bottle with a cap similar to or identical to the container 12 for the cores 10 and the braze binder 14, but preferably not the same container 12.
• the container 12 is placed in a mixer 20, which shakes the container 12 to agitate the coated core 22 and the powder composition 34 to form green preforms 40 of the cores 10, each coated with a layer of the braze binder 14 and the powder composition 34 in an un-sintered state stuck to the layer of braze binder 14.
• the same mixer 20 or a different mixer 20 may be used for the two agitations.
• the alternating steps of applying a layer of braze binder 14 and applying a powder composition 34 may be repeated any number of times until a sufficient amount of powder composition 34 has been applied to the cores 10 to form a powder-coated green preform 50.
• the powder-coated green preform 50 has two layers of braze binder 14 and two layers of powder composition 34, but the powder-coated green preform 50 may alternatively be the same as the green preform 40 or may have additional powder composition 34 from additional layers.
• the powder-coated green preform 50 is then sintered in a sintering furnace 52 to form a hybrid pre-sintered preform 60 of the core 10 coated with a sintered powder composition 62.
• the sintering furnace 52 is a vacuum furnace. In some embodiments, the sintering occurs in a vacuum furnace. In some embodiments, the temperature for the sintering is in the range of about 1 150 °C (about 2100 °F) to about 1290 °C (about 2350 °F). The braze binder 14 is burned off during the sintering.
• the hybrid pre-sintered preform 60 is ready for brazing directly after the sintering without any additional processing steps.
• the hybrid-pre-sintered preform 60 may be ground to alter the surface texture or geometry after sintering but prior to brazing or use in production.
• the grinding produces a smooth surface geometry on the outer surface of the hybrid pre-sintered preform 60.
• the grinding alternatively or additionally produces round geometry on the outer surface of the hybrid pre-sintered preform 60.
• a process includes placing a hybrid pre-sintered preform 60 including a core 10 and a sintered powder composition 62 around the core 10 in a passageway 80 of a component 70.
• the hybrid pre-sintered preform 60 is then brazed to the component 70 in the passageway 80 of the component.
• the temperature for the brazing is in the range of about 1150 °C (about 2100 °F) to about 1290 °C (about 2350 °F).
• the time for the brazing is in the range of about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes.
• the core 10, the braze joint 90, the component 70, and the passageway 80 are all visible in the last image in FIG. 2, with the core 10 having a diameter of about 5.7 mm (about 0.23 in.).
• the core 10 may have a maximum length dimension (diameter, in the case of a spherical geometry) in the range of about 2.5 mm (about 0.1 in.) to about 19.1 mm (about 0.75 in.), alternatively about 12.7 mm (about 0.5 in.) to about 19.1 mm (about 0.75 in.), alternatively about 2.5 mm (about 0.1 in.) to about 12.7 mm (about 0.5 in.), alternatively about 3.8 mm (about 0.15 in.) to about 10.2 mm (about 0.4 in.), alternatively about 5.1 mm (about 0.2 in.) to about 7.6 mm (about 0.3 in.), alternatively about 5.1 mm (about 0.2 in.) to about 6.4 mm (about 0.25 in.), or any value, range, or sub-range therebetween.
• the core alloy of the core 10 is a superalloy.
• the core alloy may include one or more refractory alloys, superalloys, nickel-based superalloys, cobalt-based superalloys, iron- based superalloys, titanium-aluminum superalloys, iron-based alloys, steel alloys, stainless steel alloys, cobalt-based alloys, nickel -based alloys, titanium-based alloys, Hastelloy X, HAY ES 188, HAY ES 230, or combinations thereof.
• the core alloy is not a pre-sintered preform.
• the braze binder 14 may be of any binder composition that forms a coating layer on a core 10, maintains a powder composition 34 on the core 10 prior to brazing, and burns off during a brazing step.
• the braze binder 14 preferably includes a binder component in a solvent.
• the braze binder 14 has the consistency of a gel.
• the braze binder 14 is a binder gel.
• the binder gel is a conventional binder gel.
• the braze binder does not include any braze metals or alloys.
• the powder composition 34 includes a first alloy and a second alloy intermixed with one another as distinct phases.
• the first alloy has a higher melting temperature than the second alloy.
• the first alloy is a high melt alloy powder and may include a first melting point of at least about 1320 °C (about 2400 °F), and the second alloy is a low melt alloy powder and may include a second melting point of below about 1290 °C (about 2350 °F).
• the first alloy may include one or more refractory alloys, superalloys, nickel-based superalloys, cobalt-based superalloys, iron-based superalloys, titanium-aluminum superalloys, iron-based alloys, steel alloys, stainless steel alloys, cobalt-based alloys, nickel-based alloys, titanium-based alloys, T800, GTD 111, GTD 444, HAY ES 188, HAY ES 230, INCO EL 738, L605, MarM247, MarM509, Rene 108, Rene 142, Rene 195, Rene N2, or combinations thereof.
• the second alloy may include one or more braze alloys, iron-based alloys, steel alloys, stainless steel alloys, cobalt-based alloys, nickel -based alloys, titanium-based alloys, DF4B, D15, MarM509B, B93, BNi-2, BNi-3, BNi-5, BNi-6, BNi-7, BNi-9, BNi-10, BRB, or combinations thereof.
• the powder composition 34 further includes one or more ceramic additives, such as, but not limited to, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium nitride, titanium carbonitride, titanium carbide, or combinations thereof.
• ceramic additives such as, but not limited to, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium nitride, titanium carbonitride, titanium carbide, or combinations thereof.
• the powder composition 34 includes a mixture of about 90% by weight of the first alloy and about 10% by weight of the second alloy, alternatively about 80% by weight of the first alloy and about 20% by weight of the second alloy, alternatively about 70% by weight of the first alloy and about 30% by weight of the second alloy, alternatively about 60% by weight of the first alloy and about 40% by weight of the second alloy, alternatively about 50% by weight of the first alloy and about 50% by weight of the second alloy, alternatively about 45% by weight of the first alloy and about 55%) by weight of the second alloy, or any value, range, or sub-range therebetween.
• the first alloy is MarM247.
• the second alloy is DF4B.
• each layer of braze binder 14 has the same composition as every other layer of braze binder 14.
• each coating of powder composition 34 has the same composition as every other coating of powder composition 34.
• the composition of at least one of the coatings of powder composition 34 is different from the composition of at least one other coating of powder composition 34.
• the first alloy or the second alloy is different in at least one of the coatings.
• the first alloy is the same in all of the coatings and the second alloy is the same in all of the coatings, but the relative amounts of the first and second alloy vary.
• the coatings provide a gradient in the relative amounts of the first and second alloy in the coatings from the innermost coating to the outermost coating. In some embodiments, the ratio of the first alloy to the second alloy decreases from the innermost coating to the outermost coating.
• the core 10 is shown as spherical in the drawings, the core 10 may have any geometry conducive to being placed in a passageway and sealing an opening, including, but not limited to, spherical, ovoid, cylindrical, conical, cubical, rectangular, or tapered.
• the container 12 may have any size and shape and may be made of any material that is able to contain the cores 10 and either the braze binder 14 or the powder composition 34 during an agitating step such that a uniform or substantially uniform coating of the braze binder 14 or the powder composition 34 is applied to the outer surface of the cores 10.
• the ratio and amounts of the braze binder 14 to the cores 10 are preferably selected to provide coated cores 22 with a uniform or substantially uniform layer of the braze binder 14 on the cores 10 by the first/odd-numbered agitations.
• the ratio and amounts of powder composition 34 to the coated cores 22 are preferably selected to provide green preforms 40 with a uniform or substantially uniform coating of the powder composition 34 on the green preforms 40 by the second/even-numbered agitations.
• the agitation may occur manually but is preferably automated.
• the agitation may include any shaking movement of the container 12 that produces mixing of the cores 10 with the applied braze binder 14 or powder composition 34.
• the agitating occurs in a three-dimensional shaker-mixer.
• the shaker-mixer is a TURBULA ® shaker-mixer (Willy A. Bachofen AG, Basel, Switzerland).
• the agitating occurs on a two-dimensional shaker table.
• the hybrid pre-sintered preform 60 may be used directly in a brazing processor or may be ground prior to brazing or use in production.

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• 2017
  • 2017-08-07 US US15/670,520 patent/US10618109B2/en active Active
• 2018
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  • 2018-08-02 EP EP18844200.8A patent/EP3664949B1/en active Active
  • 2018-08-02 WO PCT/US2018/044953 patent/WO2019032364A1/en not_active Ceased
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