WO2019023896A1 - 一种节能大棚自动控温装置 - Google Patents

一种节能大棚自动控温装置 Download PDF

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WO2019023896A1
WO2019023896A1 PCT/CN2017/095312 CN2017095312W WO2019023896A1 WO 2019023896 A1 WO2019023896 A1 WO 2019023896A1 CN 2017095312 W CN2017095312 W CN 2017095312W WO 2019023896 A1 WO2019023896 A1 WO 2019023896A1
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control device
temperature control
power supply
humidity
automatic temperature
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PCT/CN2017/095312
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English (en)
French (fr)
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龚利峰
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太仓市山姆绿丰农产品专业合作社
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/095312 priority Critical patent/WO2019023896A1/zh
Publication of WO2019023896A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019023896A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of greenhouse agriculture, in particular to an energy-saving greenhouse automatic temperature control device.
  • the greenhouse agriculture is in the ascendant.
  • many transplanted crops such as vegetables, melons and fruits are cultivated or produced in greenhouses.
  • the humidification devices use automatic spraying.
  • the current sprinklers are available in a variety of types, but due to the long distance or poor hydrodynamic design, the spray can not take into account the near and far crops, resulting in insufficient use of water resources, crops can not get good watering or partial lack, local excess Watering and other issues.
  • the device for temperature regulation and humidity adjustment is complicated and costly.
  • temperature regulation there are various ways of using energy at present.
  • the conversion efficiency of energy and the accuracy of temperature adjustment must be in accordance with the principle of adapting to the conditions of agriculture and adapting to local conditions. Not all greenhouse temperature control systems are applicable in any greenhouse. It is technically important and difficult to carry out the transformation of control structure in terms of applicability and regulation accuracy.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving greenhouse automatic temperature control device, so that the temperature adjustment feedback of the crop is timely, and the temperature adjustment scheme is automatically customized according to local conditions, which is flexible and efficient, and overcomes the problems existing in the prior art.
  • the utility model relates to an energy-saving greenhouse automatic temperature control device, which comprises a central controller, an actuator, a vent, a heating wire, a power supply module, a temperature monitor and a humidity indicating alarm.
  • the power supply module comprises a solar panel, an electric energy storage, an additional power supply, and an external
  • the power source, the temperature monitor and the humidity indicating alarm are connected to the central controller backward, the central controller is connected to the actuator backward, the actuator controls the opening and closing mechanism, and the opening of the vent of the greenhouse is controlled, and the actuator controls the heating wire.
  • the heating and heating power, the heating power consumption of the heating wire is recorded by the power consumption recorder, the actuator controls the translation mechanism, and the solar panel is adjusted relative to the top of the greenhouse to adjust the amount of light entering; the solar panel is connected to the electrical energy storage backward
  • the electrical energy storage is connected to an additional power source, and the additional power source is combined with the external power source to jointly supply power to components other than the power supply module of the automatic temperature control device.
  • the automatic temperature control device further comprises a historical data processor that collects signals in the temperature monitor, the humidity indicating alarm, the translation mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism, the power consumption recorder, and the historical data.
  • the processor is connected to the central controller.
  • the historical data processor greatly enhances the feedback and flexibility of the adjustment, and is digitally processed, highly efficient and advanced.
  • the signals of the temperature monitor, the humidity indicating alarm, the translation mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism, and the power consumption recorder are uniformly processed into digital signals before being transmitted to the historical data processor, and the historical data processor is processed by digital signals.
  • Digital signals are not easily distorted, accurate transmission and processing, and more clear and reliable than analog signals.
  • the humidity indicating alarm only sets a high alarm and a high high alarm
  • the humidity of the high alarm is 105 to 115% of the preset standard humidity
  • the humidity of the high alarm is more than 115% of the preset standard humidity.
  • the vents are provided in a plurality of opposite sides of the greenhouse.
  • the vents are easily ventilated on opposite sides.
  • the translation mechanism and the opening and closing mechanism are structures in which the motor drives the screw, the gear or the damper sliding mechanism.
  • the above mechanisms driven by the motor are stable and reliable.
  • the heating wires are arranged separately near and above the ground of the crop and are evenly arranged along the crop.
  • the heating wire heating has a fast feature, and the good arrangement also affects the uniformity of the ambient temperature.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention has compact structure and powerful functions.
  • the modules of each control link are interlocked, more rigorous, the actuator mechanism is reliable, and the control is simple; the utilization and conversion of solar energy saves energy; the historical data processor is powerful, and can infer the local according to the parameters of historical control institutions. Conditions, so that the feedback calculates the appropriate adjustment value for the next step, and the longer the usage time, the more accurate the result and the more accurate the adjustment.
  • the temperature control device of the invention is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, the control system is not complicated, but the function is powerful, the feedback mechanism and the data processing are reliable and intelligent, and the “intelligent control” is truly realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an energy-saving greenhouse automatic temperature control device comprises a central controller 1, an actuator 2, a vent 3, a heating wire 4, a power supply module 5, a temperature monitor 6, a humidity indicating alarm 7, and a historical data processor.
  • the power supply module 5 includes a solar panel 51, an electrical energy storage 52, an additional power supply 53, and an external power supply 9.
  • the central controller 1 is a PLC or DCS based control system, and the vent 3 is opened on opposite sides of the greenhouse.
  • the temperature monitor 6 and the humidity indicating alarm 7 are connected to the central controller 1 and the result is fed back to the central controller, and the humidity indicating alarm 7 sets a positive position indication, a high alarm and a high alarm, and the positive position indication
  • the humidity is 95 ⁇ 105% of the preset standard humidity
  • the humidity of the high alarm is 105 ⁇ 115% of the preset standard humidity
  • the humidity of the high alarm is more than 115% of the preset standard humidity. If it is high alarm or high
  • the alarm controller 1 controls the actuator 2 to operate; the central controller 1 connects the actuator 2 backwards, and the actuator 2 controls three parts: (1) the actuator 2 controls the opening and closing mechanism 21 to open the vent 3 of the greenhouse (2)
  • the actuator 2 controls the heating or not of the heating wire 4 and the heating power.
  • the heating power consumption of the heating wire 4 is recorded by the power consumption recorder 41, which is arranged separately near and above the ground of the crop. And the device is evenly arranged along the crop; (3) the actuator 2 controls the translation mechanism 22 to adjust the hiding degree of the solar panel 51 relative to the top of the greenhouse, thereby adjusting the amount of light entering, and the translation of the solar panel does not affect the receiving sunlight area, and the translation
  • the mechanism 22 and the opening and closing mechanism 21 are structures for driving a screw, a gear or a damper sliding mechanism; the solar panel 51 is connected backward to the electric energy storage 52, and the electric energy storage 52 is connected to the additional power source 53, the additional power source 53 and the external power source 9 After the combination, power is supplied to components other than the power supply module 5 of the automatic temperature control device. When the power is sufficient, the power is supplied by the additional power source 53. When the power is insufficient (rainy weather, etc.), the external power source 9 is used to make up;
  • the central controller 1 controls the action of the actuator 2: real-time monitoring control and independent control of temperature and humidity; when the temperature monitor 6 monitors that the temperature is too high at a certain moment, the central controller 1 controls the actuator 2 to reduce the translation mechanism 22 Degree, dimming, and increase the opening degree of the opening and closing mechanism 21, increase the ventilation, if necessary, start the existing sprinkler system in the greenhouse to cool down; when the temperature is too low, reduce the opening and closing mechanism 21 Degree, increase the opening degree of the translation mechanism 22, while the actuator 2 turns on the heating wire 4, heating, the temperature tends to be consistent after repeated negative feedback; and the opening degree of the translation mechanism 22 is increased or decreased, and can also be manually adjusted.
  • the historical data processor 8 collects signals in the temperature monitor 6, the humidity indicating alarm 7, the translation mechanism 22, the opening and closing mechanism 21, the power consumption recorder 41, and the historical data processor 8 is connected to the central controller 1, The signals of the temperature monitor 6, the humidity indicating alarm 7, the translation mechanism 22, the opening and closing mechanism 21, and the power consumption recorder 41 are uniformly processed into digital signals before being transmitted to the historical data processor 8, and the historical data processor 8 passes the numbers.
  • the specific digital information is translation amplitude (m), opening and closing angle (°), temperature (°C), humidity (relative temperature humidity, %), power consumption (power consumption, kWh, average daily power, kW),
  • the curve is obtained, and according to the preset program (the program is customized according to the crop growth rule), the reliable temperature to be adjusted in the next step is judged, and the standard temperature range value is set, and then the dynamic control is performed to make the crop always good.
  • the temperature range and recorded over a certain period of time (determined by crop season, such as 3 to 5 seasons), the characteristics exhibited in the past few seasons, after professional research, infer the next plan, and Whole, rewrite the program parameters.

Abstract

一种节能大棚自动控温装置，包括中心控制器（1）、执行器（2）、通风口（3）、电热丝（4）、供电模块（5）、温度监测器（6）、湿度指示报警器（7），所述供电模块包括太阳能板（51）、电能存储（52）、附加电源（53）、外部电源（9），所述温度监测器（6）和湿度指示报警器（7）向后连接中心控制器（1），中心控制器（1）向后连接执行器（2），执行器（2）控制开合机构（21），执行器（2）控制电热丝（4），电热丝（4）的发热功耗由功耗记录器（41）记录，执行器（2）控制平移机构（22）；所述太阳能板（51）向后连接电能存储（52），所述电能存储（52）连接附加电源（53），附加电源（53）与外部电源（9）合并后，共同对自动控温装置的供电模块（5）以外的部件供电。该控温装置节能环保，控制系统不甚复杂，但功能强大，反馈机制和数据处理可靠而智能，真正实现了"智能控制"。

Description

一种节能大棚自动控温装置 技术领域
本发明涉及大棚农业领域，尤其涉及一种节能大棚自动控温装置。
背景技术
大棚农业方兴未艾，目前许多蔬菜、瓜果等移栽作物都采用温室大棚育苗或生产，为使幼苗的生长有一个均匀化湿度环境，其加湿装置多采用自动喷淋。目前的喷淋装置具有多种型式，但由于距离过长或者流体力学设计不好等原因，喷淋不能顾及远近作物，导致水资源不能充分利用，作物不能得到良好的浇灌或者局部缺少、局部过量浇灌等问题。
目前调温调湿的装置较为复杂且成本较高。调温方面目前各种能量使用方式，不一而足。能量的转换效率、调温的准确性，都需要符合农业因时制宜、因地制宜的原则，并不是任何大棚调温系统在任一大棚都适用。而针对适用性、调控准确性等方面进行控制结构上的改造，是技术上的重点和难点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种节能大棚自动控温装置，使作物的调温反馈及时，并且因地制宜，自动定制调温方案，灵活高效，以克服现有技术中存在的问题。
为了实现以上目的，本发明的技术方案是：
一种节能大棚自动控温装置，包括中心控制器、执行器、通风口、电热丝、供电模块、温度监测器、湿度指示报警器，所述供电模块包括太阳能板、电能存储、附加电源、外部电源，所述温度监测器和湿度指示报警器向后连接中心控制器，中心控制器向后连接执行器，执行器控制开合机构，对大棚的通风口进行开度控制，执行器控制电热丝的发热及发热功率，电热丝的发热功耗由功耗记录器记录，执行器控制平移机构，对太阳能板相对大棚顶部遮掩度进行调节，进而调节进光量；所述太阳能板向后连接电能存储，所述电能存储连接附加电源，附加电源与外部电源合并后，共同对自动控温装置的供电模块以外的部件供电。
作为优选，所述自动控温装置还包括历史数据处理器，所述历史数据处理器采集温度监测器、湿度指示报警器、平移机构、开合机构、功耗记录器中的信号，且历史数据处理器连接中心控制器。历史数据处理器大大增强了调节的反馈性和灵活性，且进行数字化处理，高效先进。
进一步，所述温度监测器、湿度指示报警器、平移机构、开合机构、功耗记录器的信号在传导到历史数据处理器前统一处理为数字信号，历史数据处理器通过数字信号处理。 数字信号不易失真，传输和处理准确，比模拟信号更为清晰可靠。
作为优选，所述湿度指示报警器仅设置高报警和高高报警，高报警的湿度为预设标准湿度的105～115％，高高报警的湿度为预设标准湿度的115％以上。
作为优选，所述通风口在大棚的对向两侧开设若干。通风口在对向两侧开设容易排湿。
作为优选，平移机构、开合机构为电机带动丝杆、齿轮或阻尼滑动机构的结构。电机带动的以上机构运行稳定，可靠。
作为优选，所述电热丝在作物的地面附近和上方分别布置，且沿着作物均匀布置。电热丝加热具有快速的特点，布置的好还影响到环境升温的均匀性。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明结构紧凑，功能强大。各个控制环节的模块环环相扣，较为严谨，执行器的机构可靠，控制简便；太阳能的利用和转化节省了电能；历史数据处理器功能强大，能够根据历史控制各机构的参数推断出当地的条件，从而反馈计算出下一步合适的调节值，且使用时间越久结果越精确、调节越精准。本发明的控温装置节能环保，控制系统不甚复杂，但功能强大，反馈机制和数据处理可靠而智能，真正实现了“智能控制”。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的结构框图。
图中：1-中心控制器，2-执行器，21-开合机构，22-平移机构，3-通风口，4-电热丝，41-功耗记录器，5-供电模块，51-太阳能板，52-电能存储，53-附加电源，6-温度监测器，7-湿度指示报警器，8-历史数据处理器，9-外部电源。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例作简单地介绍。
如图1，一种节能大棚自动控温装置，包括中心控制器1、执行器2、通风口3、电热丝4、供电模块5、温度监测器6、湿度指示报警器7、历史数据处理器8，所述供电模块5包括太阳能板51、电能存储52、附加电源53、外部电源9，中心控制器1为基于PLC或DCS的控制系统，所述通风口3在大棚的对向两侧开设若干，所述温度监测器6和湿度指示报警器7连接中心控制器1并将结果反馈至中心控制器，所述湿度指示报警器7设置正位指示、高报警和高高报警，正位指示的湿度为预设标准湿度的95～105％，高报警的湿度为预设标准湿度的105～115％，高高报警的湿度为预设标准湿度的115％以上，若到高报警或高高 报警控制器1即控制执行器2动作；中心控制器1向后连接执行器2，执行器2控制3个部分：(1)执行器2控制开合机构21，对大棚的通风口3进行开度控制；(2)执行器2控制电热丝4的发热与否及发热功率，电热丝4的发热功耗由功耗记录器41记录，所述电热丝4在作物的地面附近和上方分别布置，且沿着作物均匀布置；(3)执行器2控制平移机构22，对太阳能板51相对大棚顶部的遮掩度进行调节，进而调节进光量，太阳能板的平移对其接收阳光面积不影响，平移机构22、开合机构21为电机带动丝杆、齿轮或阻尼滑动机构的结构；所述太阳能板51向后连接电能存储52，所述电能存储52连接附加电源53，附加电源53与外部电源9合并后，共同对自动控温装置的供电模块5以外的部件供电，在电量充足的时候，由附加电源53供电，电能不足(阴雨天等)时由外部电源9补足；
中心控制器1控制执行器2动作的方法：实时监测控制且温度和湿度独立控制；温度监测器6监测某一时刻温度过高时，中心控制器1控制执行器2，减小平移机构22开度，减光，并加大开合机构21开度，增加通风量，如有必要，启动大棚内本有的喷淋系统进行降温；当监测到温度过低，则减小开合机构21开度、增大平移机构22开度，同时执行器2开启电热丝4，加热，如此反复地负反馈后温度趋于一致；而平移机构22的开度增大或减小，也可通过手动调节，以快速反应天气变化；湿度在通常情况下为稳定值，且大棚内一般保持较高的湿度(一般都比环境湿度大)，当湿度过高时，湿度指示报警器7指示较高的湿度并进行高报警或高高报警，这就导致中心控制器1增加开合机构21的开度，一般是开至最大，一段时间后湿度向外界环境散发而降低，回复到预设标准湿度的95～105％后控制器1减小开合机构21开度，实现了湿度调节；
所述历史数据处理器8采集温度监测器6、湿度指示报警器7、平移机构22、开合机构21、功耗记录器41中的信号，且历史数据处理器8连接中心控制器1，所述温度监测器6、湿度指示报警器7、平移机构22、开合机构21、功耗记录器41的信号在传导到历史数据处理器8前统一处理为数字信号，历史数据处理器8通过数字信号处理，具体数字信息为平移幅度(m)、开合角度(°)、温度(℃)、湿度(相对温度的湿度，％)、功耗(功耗，kWh，每天平均功率，kW)，处理后得到曲线图，并根据预先设定的程序(程序根据作物生长规律定制)，判断下一步应该调节的可靠温度，从而设定标准的温度范围值，再行动态控制，使作物始终在良好的温度范围内；而记录超过一定时间(可按作物季数确定，如3～5季)，在以往几季中所表现出的特征，经过专业人员研究，推断出下一步的计划，并调整、改写程序参数。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的优选技术方案，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通 技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，所做出的若干改进或等同替换，均视为本发明的保护范围，仍应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围中。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种节能大棚自动控温装置，其特征在于，包括中心控制器、执行器、通风口、电热丝、供电模块、温度监测器、湿度指示报警器，所述供电模块包括太阳能板、电能存储、附加电源、外部电源，所述温度监测器和湿度指示报警器向后连接中心控制器，中心控制器向后连接执行器，执行器控制开合机构，对大棚的通风口进行开度控制，执行器控制电热丝的发热及发热功率，电热丝的发热功耗由功耗记录器记录，执行器控制平移机构，对太阳能板相对大棚顶部遮掩度进行调节，进而调节进光量；所述太阳能板向后连接电能存储，所述电能存储连接附加电源，附加电源与外部电源合并后，共同对自动控温装置的供电模块以外的部件供电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种节能大棚自动控温装置，其特征在于，所述自动控温装置还包括历史数据处理器，所述历史数据处理器采集温度监测器、湿度指示报警器、平移机构、开合机构、功耗记录器中的信号，且历史数据处理器连接中心控制器。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种节能大棚自动控温装置，其特征在于，所述温度监测器、湿度指示报警器、平移机构、开合机构、功耗记录器的信号在传导到历史数据处理器前统一处理为数字信号，历史数据处理器通过数字信号处理。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种节能大棚自动控温装置，其特征在于，所述湿度指示报警器仅设置高报警和高高报警，高报警的湿度为预设标准湿度的105～115％，高高报警的湿度为预设标准湿度的115％以上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种节能大棚自动控温装置，其特征在于，所述通风口在大棚的对向两侧开设若干。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种节能大棚自动控温装置，其特征在于，平移机构、开合机构为电机带动丝杆、齿轮或阻尼滑动机构的结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种节能大棚自动控温装置，其特征在于，所述电热丝在作物的地面附近和上方分别布置，且沿着作物均匀布置。
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