WO2019015619A1 - 一种海浪能发电装置 - Google Patents

一种海浪能发电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019015619A1
WO2019015619A1 PCT/CN2018/096181 CN2018096181W WO2019015619A1 WO 2019015619 A1 WO2019015619 A1 WO 2019015619A1 CN 2018096181 W CN2018096181 W CN 2018096181W WO 2019015619 A1 WO2019015619 A1 WO 2019015619A1
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Prior art keywords
energy
floating
carrier
work machine
wave
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/096181
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张益�
张慧杰
张吉林
Original Assignee
张益�
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 张益� filed Critical 张益�
Priority to EP18835674.5A priority Critical patent/EP3657010B1/en
Priority to US16/630,626 priority patent/US10883470B2/en
Priority to BR112020000906-7A priority patent/BR112020000906A2/pt
Priority to MX2020000727A priority patent/MX2020000727A/es
Priority to AU2018303540A priority patent/AU2018303540B2/en
Priority to JP2020524669A priority patent/JP6892559B2/ja
Publication of WO2019015619A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019015619A1/zh
Priority to PH12020500138A priority patent/PH12020500138A1/en
Priority to ZA2020/01021A priority patent/ZA202001021B/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1845—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
    • F03B13/187—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem and the wom directly actuates the piston of a pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1845—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
    • F03B13/1875—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem and the wom is the piston or the cylinder in a pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/22—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the flow of water resulting from wave movements to drive a motor or turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/262—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the relative movement between a tide-operated member and another member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/406—Transmission of power through hydraulic systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion, in particular to a wave energy power generation device for generating power by using sea floats to collect sea wave energy.
  • the ocean accounts for more than 70% of the Earth's area. Up and down fluctuations, horizontal movements, sloshing and rotation of seawater not only have enormous energy, but also have certain laws, and are inexhaustible natural carbon-free clean energy.
  • the density of sea water is more than 850 times the density of air, and the prospect of wave power generation is much larger than that of wind power.
  • the idea of using ocean wave power generation has proposed hundreds of kinds in the past 100 years, and the more mature ones are tidal power generation. Since the tides rise and fall up to twice a day, the available time and tidal range are limited, and the geographical environment requirements are high, and the equipment loss is large, so it is difficult to commercialize it so far.
  • the inventor of the present application found that the ocean wave has the law of “shore-to-shore flow”, that is, the energy properties of the horizontal waves transmitted by the waves reaching the shore have changed, and the water quality in the ocean has turned into water quality.
  • the reciprocating flow perpendicular to the coast forms a trend.
  • the tidal current has horizontal kinetic energy, which provides power for wave power generation.
  • the wave height is increased, and some waves can reach several meters or more.
  • the ups and downs of this wave have potential energy and kinetic energy, which seems to be used for power generation, but
  • This kind of wave has a "floating phenomenon" of ups and downs (that is, a phenomenon of vertical lifting at a small area point, which can collect energy for work, while in a large area, the sea surface is scattered and disordered, and the energy cancels each other one after another. It is impossible to collect work, so it can only be used if it overcomes the constraint of "floating-point control".
  • the inventors of the present application have disclosed a technical solution for generating electricity using three-dimensional energy of up and down fluctuations of the ocean waves and horizontal motion.
  • the technical solution collects the wave energy through a floating energy harvesting device composed of a cabin-like energy harvesting float and a floating body range limiting device, and then transmits the wave energy to the energy conversion device through the energy transfer device.
  • a floating energy harvesting device composed of a cabin-like energy harvesting float and a floating body range limiting device
  • Wave energy power generation device for generating electricity comprising a floating energy carrier, a plurality of energy conversion levers and an energy transfer rod suspended around the floating energy carrier; one end of the energy transmission rod is connected to the floating On the energy harvesting carrier, the other end of the energy transfer rod is sleeved at a lower end of the energy conversion lever; the energy transfer rod transmits energy of horizontal movement of the ocean wave collected by the floating energy carrier to the energy conversion lever. And moving up and down along the energy conversion lever as the sea surface rises and lowers; the upper end of the energy conversion lever is connected to the first work machine, and the lower end of the energy conversion lever falls into the sea water.
  • a plurality of fixing brackets are disposed around the floating energy-generating carrier; the energy conversion lever is hinged on the fixing bracket by a bearing and is rotatable around the bearing.
  • the periphery of the floating energy harvesting carrier is further provided with a baffle that can move up and down.
  • the floating energy harvesting carrier is provided with a plurality of large-mouth-facing horn-like surge energy harvesting hoods for collecting the fluctuation energy of the waves; the upper end of the surge energy collecting hood is connected to the second working machine.
  • the floating energy harvesting carrier transmits the potential energy of the ocean tidal level difference to the third work machine.
  • the first work machine, the second work machine, and the third work machine respectively comprise an energy storage mechanism or a kinetic energy machine.
  • the energy storage mode of the energy storage mechanism is an oil storage device, specifically, a plurality of hydraulic accumulators are connected together to form a hydraulic terminal, and the hydraulic terminal controls a liquid flow to drive a hydraulic motor through a hydraulic flow valve, the hydraulic motor Drive the generator to generate electricity.
  • the first work machine, the second work machine, and the third work machine respectively drive a generator to generate electricity, or the first work machine, the second work machine, and the third work machine are connected to each other, Achieve combined drive generator power generation.
  • the floating energy harvesting carrier is a hollow floating body made of a strong seawater resistant material; the middle portion of the floating energy harvesting carrier is drooping, and the edge portion of the floating energy harvesting carrier is thin; the floating energy harvesting
  • the carrier is provided with one or more of a living facility, a storage facility, an entertainment and leisure facility, a sports facility and an energy facility, and can cover the non-contaminated soil on the idle part for crop planting, or carry out animal breeding;
  • the shell that can be immersed in the seawater part is made up of reefs that marine organisms like to live in, which is not only conducive to parasitic seaweed, conch, oyster, crab, etc., but also helps to prolong the service life of the floating energy harvesting carrier.
  • the energy conversion lever is made of a rigid and rigid corrosion-resistant material; the energy transmission rod is made of a rod having a lower specific gravity than seawater and having low elasticity and toughness and corrosion resistance; the surge energy collecting cover is resistant to corrosion Made of hard material.
  • the wave energy generating device provided by the invention can collect and utilize mechanical energy in three-dimensional directions such as up, down, left, right, left and right, and rotation of seawater, and has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, environmental protection of building materials, less intermediate links, easy installation, long service life and high energy conversion rate. , high power and low cost.
  • the energy source used in the wave power generation device provided by the invention is a non-polluting energy source, and can be used not only for power generation, but also as energy for processing hydrogen, compressed gas, desalinated seawater, food, and various industrial and agricultural products.
  • real estate projects can be developed on the sea surface, providing warehousing, living, sightseeing, entertainment environment and carrying out marine aquaculture, crop planting, livestock breeding and food processing. surroundings.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structural view of a sea wave energy generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top perspective view of a wave energy power generating device having a floating energy harvesting carrier with a middle portion drooping projection and a thin edge portion according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a surge energy harvesting cover on a floating energy storage carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a baffle movable up and down on a floating energy storage carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a tidal power generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the working principle of generating power using the wave energy generating device of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing another structure of a surge energy collecting cover on a floating energy storage carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a wave energy generating device for generating power generation by using sea floats to collect up and down wave fluctuations and horizontal moving energy, and the device includes a floating energy carrier 1 and a plurality of suspended floating carriers.
  • the floating energy harvesting carrier 1 is provided with a plurality of large-mouth-facing horn-shaped surge energy collecting hoods 101 for collecting the fluctuation energy of the waves; the energy transmission rod 3 is connected at one end to the floating energy collecting carrier 1 for energy transmission.
  • a plurality of fixed brackets 4 are disposed around the floating energy-carrying carrier 1; the energy conversion lever 2 is hinged to the fixed bracket 4 via a bearing 8 and is rotatable about the bearing 8.
  • the fixed bracket 4 may be composed of reinforced concrete and steel and other building materials; the fixed bracket 4 is erected around the floating energy harvesting carrier 1 and located above the sea level; the fixing bracket 4 can be fixed in the sea. Reef, island, lighthouse or beach; the energy conversion lever 2 can be made of a rigid, rigid, corrosion-resistant material such as a stainless steel tube, an alloy material, or the like.
  • the floating energy carrier can naturally rise and fall with the tide of the ocean.
  • the floating energy harvesting carrier is a hollow floating material made of a relatively strong seawater resistant material.
  • the more economical and practical solution is to use a plurality of cavities in the middle of the middle part composed of fly ash or construction waste pulverized material and cement combined steel bar skeleton.
  • the building material integrated block is spliced and built, and facilities such as room, swimming pool or storage room can be set up.
  • the outer layer of the integrated block can be glazed or protected by PTFE to prevent seawater erosion.
  • the outer shell of the floating energy-energy carrier immersed in the seawater part can be composed of reefs that marine organisms like to live in, which is not only beneficial to parasitic seaweed, conch, oyster, crab, etc., but also prolongs the service life of the floating harvesting carrier.
  • the floating energy carrier in order to overcome the problem that the draught of the floating energy carrier is greater than the wave height of the ocean wave and the wave energy of the wave is not obtained, the floating energy carrier can be made into a thickened convex portion in the middle portion and a thinner edge portion to make the floating energy harvesting.
  • the draught around the carrier is less than the wave height of the sea wave, so as to set a plurality of surge energy harvesting hoods, as shown in Fig. 2; at the same time, the middle part of the floating energy carrier is sag thickened to increase buoyancy, and the living facilities and storage facilities are arranged thereon.
  • One or more of recreational and sports facilities, sports facilities and energy facilities such as power stations, houses, restaurants, sightseeing and entertainment venues, swimming pools, etc., in order to carry out marine tourism projects and real estate.
  • the upper end of the surge energy collecting cover 101 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 1011 for transmitting sea wave energy, and the piston 1012 in the hydraulic cylinder 1011 passes the energy of the sea wave up and down through the piston rod 1013 and the fan gear 1015.
  • the lever 1014 is transmitted to the work machine 102.
  • racks and gears may be mounted on both sides of the piston rod 1013, and the gears are coupled to the gears to transfer energy to the work machine, as shown in FIG.
  • the surge energy hood 101 can be made of tempered glass or a hard material such as corrosion-resistant metal, ceramic or plastic; the surge energy hood 101 is embedded between the light-weight reinforced concrete blocks. To form a whole.
  • the work machine 5 and the work machine 102 may respectively comprise an energy storage mechanism or a kinetic energy machine;
  • the energy storage mode of the energy storage mechanism is a hydraulic machine energy storage, specifically, a plurality of hydraulic accumulators are connected together to form a hydraulic terminal.
  • the hydraulic terminal controls the liquid flow to drive the hydraulic motor through the hydraulic flow valve, and the hydraulic motor drives the generator to generate electricity;
  • the kinetic energy machine includes gears, crankshaft connecting rods or/and hydraulic cylinders.
  • the work machine 102 of the present embodiment is a gear.
  • the work machine 5 and the work machine 102 can independently drive the generator to generate electricity, or connect the work machine 5 to the work machine 102 through the hydraulic line to realize the combined drive generator power generation.
  • the energy transfer rod 3 is made of a rod having a lower specific gravity than seawater and having a small elasticity and toughness, such as a flat tubular hollow rod made of stainless steel or an alloy material; and several energy transfer rods.
  • the energy-transmitting rod 3 floats in the seawater, And automatically rise and fall with the fluctuation of the sea level; when the horizontal moving energy acts on the floating energy carrier 1, the movement of the floating energy carrier 1 will drive the energy transfer rod 3 to move, thereby transferring the horizontal energy of the wave to the energy conversion Lever 2.
  • connection mode of the energy transfer rod 3 and the energy conversion lever 2 can not only transfer the energy collected by the floating energy carrier 1 to the work machine 5, but also make the floating energy carrier 1 relatively fixed in a local area, limiting The amplitude of the floating energy carrier 1 is shaken to avoid large drift.
  • the periphery of the floating energy carrier 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is further provided with a baffle 103 movable up and down.
  • the plate can be composed of a plurality of sheets that can be controlled to move up and down.
  • the up and down movement of the baffle 103 can employ an electric device like a lift gate or a mechanical device for lifting the curtain.
  • the baffle When the energy of the ocean wave is small, the baffle can be moved downward to increase the force area of the seawater and the baffle, thereby increasing the energy obtained by the floating energy carrier 1; when the energy of the ocean wave is large, the block can be blocked The plate is moved to reduce the force area of the seawater and the baffle, thereby reducing the load of the floating energy carrier 1 and increasing the resistance of the baffle to the impact of the wave; when the energy of the ocean wave is too large, the baffle can be Moves beyond the highest plane of the floating energy carrier 1 to prevent seawater from being poured into the floating energy carrier 1 .
  • the floating energy harvesting carrier 1 of the embodiment of the present invention can also transmit the potential energy of the ocean tidal level difference to the work machine 7 through the lever 6, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the work machine 7 may also include an energy storage mechanism or a kinetic energy machine.
  • the work machine 7 can independently drive the generator to generate electricity, or the work machine 7 can be connected to the work machine 5 and the work machine 102 through the hydraulic line to realize the combined drive generator power generation.
  • the working principle of generating power using the wave energy generating device of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
  • a plurality of surge energy collecting covers 101 on the floating energy carrier 1 transmit the energy of the wave up and down through the piston 1012 and the piston rod 1013 and the lever 1014 in the hydraulic cylinder 1011 to the working machine 102 (finally acting on the hydraulic cylinder)
  • the work machine 102 pressurizes the hydraulic oil entering the cylinder and sends it to the hydraulic terminal 10 composed of a plurality of hydraulic accumulators.
  • the floating energy harvesting carrier 1 transmits the potential energy of the tidal up and down to the lever 6, and the lever 6 transfers the energy to the work machine 7 (finally acting on the hydraulic cylinder), and the work machine 7 pressurizes the hydraulic oil entering the cylinder and then feeds it
  • a hydraulic terminal 10 consisting of a plurality of hydraulic accumulators.
  • the hydraulic terminal 10 controls the liquid flow rate to drive the hydraulic motor 12 through the hydraulic flow valve 11, and the hydraulic motor 12 drives the engine 13 to generate electricity. It should be noted that when the wave energy generating device of the embodiment of the present invention is mainly used for marine real estate, the thickness of the floating energy harvesting carrier should be minimized to reduce the shaking of the floating energy collecting carrier.
  • the wave energy generating device provided by the embodiment of the invention can collect and utilize mechanical energy in three-dimensional directions such as up, down, left, right, left and right, and rotation of seawater, and has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, less intermediate links, easy installation, long service life, high energy conversion rate, and power. Big and low cost.
  • the energy source used in the wave energy power generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention is a non-polluting energy source, and can be used not only for power generation, but also as energy for processing hydrogen, compressed gas, desalinated sea water, food, and various industrial and agricultural products.
  • the building materials of the floating energy carrier can use construction waste, which can solve the environmental protection problem of urban construction waste disposal.
  • the floating energy harvesting carrier in the wave energy generating device provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize real estate projects on the sea surface, provide warehousing, living, sightseeing, entertainment environment and carry out marine aquaculture, crop planting, livestock breeding and food processing. Waiting for the working environment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

一种海浪能发电装置，包括漂浮采能载体（1）、若干个悬吊在漂浮采能载体（1）周围的能量转换杠杆（2）和能量传递杆（3）；能量传递杆（3）的一端连接在漂浮采能载体（1）上，能量传递杆（3）的另一端套装在能量转换杠杆（2）的下端；能量传递杆（3）将漂浮采能载体采集的海浪水平移动的能量传递到能量转换杠杆（2），并可随着海面的升降沿着能量转换杠杆（2）上下移动；能量转换杠杆（2）的上端连接第一做功机械（102），能量转换杠杆（2）的下端落入海水中。

Description

一种海浪能发电装置 技术领域
本发明涉及能量转换技术领域，特别涉及一种利用海上漂浮物采集海浪能量进行发电的海浪能发电装置。
背景技术
海洋占地球面积的70％以上。海水的上下波动、水平移动、晃动和旋转不仅具有巨大的能量，而且还有一定的规律，是取之不尽用之不竭的天然无碳清洁能源。海水密度是空气密度的850多倍，海浪发电的前景比风力发电大得多。利用海浪发电的设想近百年来提出了数百种，比较成熟的为潮汐发电。由于潮汐的涨落每天最多两次，可利用的时间、潮差均有限，且其地理环境要求高，设备损耗大，故至今难以商业化推广。
本申请的发明人经过学习、观察和研究，发现海浪具有“向岸性流动的规律”，即海浪到达岸边其水平传递的能量性质发生了变化，由大洋里边的水质点振动变成了水质点垂直于海岸的往复流动，形成了潮流。潮流具有水平流动的动能，为海浪发电提供了动力。有些近岸区域的海浪由于受地形、气候、风和深海波浪的影响，波高加大，有的可达数米以上，这种波浪的上下起伏具有势能和动能，似乎可以用于发电，但由于这种波浪具有上下起伏的“点浮现象”(即在小面积的点上具有垂直升降的现象，可以采集能量做功，而在大面积的海面却是分散无序的多点此起彼伏，能量互相抵消，无法采集做功)，因此只有克服了“点浮式制约”的束缚才能得到利用。
本申请的发明人已公开了一种利用海浪上下波动和水平运动的三维能量进 行发电的技术方案。该技术方案通过由船舱样采能浮体及浮体活动范围限制装置组成的漂浮采能装置来采集海浪能量，再通过能量传递装置将海浪能量传递到能量转换装置。但是，由于没有解决“点浮式制约”的问题以及该技术方案在实施过程中存在机械结构复杂、安装调试困难、设备投资大等问题，亟待需要一种结构简单、投资少、经济实用，并且能克服“点浮式制约”的海浪能发电装置。
发明内容
为了解决现有海浪能发电装置存在的结构复杂、投资大、安装困难及受“点浮式制约”束缚等问题，本发明提供了一种采用经济实用的普通设备及采能设施将海水三维方向的能量用于发电的海浪能发电装置，包括漂浮采能载体、若干个悬吊在所述漂浮采能载体周围的能量转换杠杆和能量传递杆；所述能量传递杆的一端连接在所述漂浮采能载体上，所述能量传递杆的另一端套装在所述能量转换杠杆的下端；所述能量传递杆将所述漂浮采能载体采集的海浪水平移动的能量传递到所述能量转换杠杆，并可随着海面的升降沿着所述能量转换杠杆上下移动；所述能量转换杠杆的上端连接第一做功机械，所述能量转换杠杆的下端落入海水中。
所述漂浮采能载体周围设置有若干个固定支架；所述能量转换杠杆通过轴承铰接在所述固定支架上，并可围绕所述轴承转动。
所述漂浮采能载体的周边还设置有可上下移动的挡板。
所述漂浮采能载体上设置有若干个大口朝下的用于采集海浪上下波动能量的喇叭状浪涌采能罩；所述浪涌采能罩的上端连接第二做功机械。
所述漂浮采能载体将海洋潮汐位差的势能传递给第三做功机械。
所述第一做功机械、所述第二做功机械和所述第三做功机械分别包括蓄能机构或动能机械。
所述蓄能机构的蓄能方式为油压机蓄能，具体为多个油压蓄能器连接在一起组合成液压总站，所述液压总站通过液压流量阀控制液体流量驱动液压马达，所述液压马达驱动发电机发电。
所述第一做功机械、所述第二做功机械和所述第三做功机械分别驱动发电机发电，或者所述第一做功机械、所述第二做功机械和所述第三做功机械相互连接，实现联合驱动发电机发电。
所述漂浮采能载体是由坚固的耐海水腐蚀材料制成的中空漂浮物；所述漂浮采能载体的中间部分下垂凸起，所述漂浮采能载体的边缘部分薄；所述漂浮采能载体上设置有居住设施、仓储设施、娱乐休闲设施、体育设施和能源设施中的一种或几种，并可在上面空闲部分覆盖无污染土壤进行农作物种植，或者进行动物饲养；所述漂浮采能载体浸入海水部分的外壳采用海洋生物喜欢寄居的礁石构成，这样不仅有利于海藻、海螺、牡蛎、螃蟹等寄生，而且还有利于延长漂浮采能载体的使用寿命。
所述能量转换杠杆由弹性小的刚性耐腐蚀材料制成；所述能量传递杆由比重低于海水且弹性小韧性强耐腐蚀的杆状物制成；所述浪涌采能罩由耐腐蚀的硬质材料制成。
本发明提供的海浪能发电装置，可将海水上下前后左右及旋转等三维方向的机械能量采集利用，具有结构简单可靠、建筑材料环保、中间环节少、易安装、使用寿命长、能量转换率高、功率大及成本低等优点。本发明提供的海浪能发电装置使用的能源为无污染能源，不仅可用于发电，而且还可作为制氢、压缩气体、 淡化海水、食品及各种工农业品加工的能量。利用本发明提供的海浪能发电装置中的漂浮采能载体，可实现在海面上开发房地产项目，提供仓储、居住、观光、娱乐环境以及开展海水养殖、农作物种植、畜禽养殖和食品加工等工作环境。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的海浪能发电装置的整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例具有中间部分下垂凸起及边缘部分较薄的漂浮采能载体的海浪能发电装置的俯视立体图；
图3是本发明实施例漂浮采能载体上的浪涌采能罩的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例漂浮采能载体上的可上下移动的挡板结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的利用潮汐能发电装置的整体结构示意图；
图6是使用本发明实施例海浪能发电装置进行发电的工作原理示意图；
图7是本发明实施例漂浮采能载体上的浪涌采能罩的另一结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明技术方案作进一步描述。
参见图1和图2，本发明实施例提供了一种利用海上漂浮物采集海浪上下波动和水平移动能量进行发电的海浪能发电装置，该装置包括漂浮采能载体1、若干个悬吊在漂浮采能载体1周围的能量转换杠杆2和能量传递杆3。其中，漂浮采能载体1上设置有若干个大口朝下的用于采集海浪上下波动能量的喇叭状浪涌采能罩101；能量传递杆3的一端连接在漂浮采能载体1上，能量传递杆3的另一端套装在能量转换杠杆2的下端；能量传递杆3将漂浮采能载体1采集的 海浪水平移动的能量传递到能量转换杠杆2，并可随着海平面的升降沿着能量转换杠杆2上下移动；能量转换杠杆2的上端连接做功机械5，能量转换杠杆2的下端落入海水中；浪涌采能罩101的上端连接做功机械102。
参见图1和图2，漂浮采能载体1周围设置有若干个固定支架4；能量转换杠杆2通过轴承8铰接在固定支架4上，并可围绕轴承8转动。在实际应用中，固定支架4可由钢筋水泥混凝土及钢铁等建筑材料构成；固定支架4架设在漂浮采能载体1的周围，并且位于海平面之上；固定支架4的架设固定点可选用海中的礁石、岛屿、灯塔或海滩；能量转换杠杆2可由弹性小的刚性耐腐蚀材料制成，例如不锈钢管、合金材料等。在实际应用中，漂浮采能载体可随海洋涨潮落潮自然升降。漂浮采能载体是由比较坚固的耐海水腐蚀材料制成的中空漂浮物，比较经济实用的优选方案是用粉煤灰或建筑垃圾粉碎物与水泥结合钢筋骨架构成的中部具有多个空腔的建筑材料集成块拼接建成，其中可设置房间、游泳池或仓储室等设施，其集成块外层可采用釉面结构或聚四氟乙烯保护层，以便防止海水侵蚀。在漂浮采能载体浸入海水部分的外壳可采用海洋生物喜欢寄居的礁石构成，这样不仅有利于海藻、海螺、牡蛎、螃蟹等寄生，而且还有利于延长漂浮采能载体的使用寿命。此外，还可以在漂浮采能载体的上面空闲部分覆盖无污染土壤进行农作物种植，或者进行动物饲养。
另外，为了克服漂浮采能载体的吃水深度大于海浪波高而无法获得海浪上下波动能量的问题，可将漂浮采能载体制作成中间部分加厚凸起而边缘部分较薄的形状，使漂浮采能载体周边吃水深度小于海浪波高，以便设置多个浪涌采能罩，如图2所示；同时使漂浮采能载体中间部分下垂加厚以增加浮力，并在其上设置居住设施、仓储设施、娱乐休闲设施、体育设施和能源设施中的一种或几种， 例如：发电站、房屋、餐馆、观光娱乐场所、游泳池等建筑物，以便开展海上旅游项目及房地产。
参见图1至图3，浪涌采能罩101的上端连接用于传递海浪能量的液压缸1011，液压缸1011内的活塞1012将海浪上下波动的能量通过活塞杆1013和带有扇形齿轮1015的杠杆1014传递到做功机械102。另外，还可以在活塞杆1013的两侧安装齿条和齿轮，通过齿条与齿轮配合将能量传递给做功机械，如图7所示。在实际应用中，浪涌采能罩101可由钢化玻璃制成，也可由耐腐蚀的金属、陶瓷或塑料等硬质材料制成；浪涌采能罩101镶嵌在轻体钢筋水泥集成块之间，组成一个整体。在实际应用中，做功机械5和做功机械102可分别包括蓄能机构或动能机械；蓄能机构的蓄能方式为油压机蓄能，具体为多个油压蓄能器连接在一起组合成液压总站，液压总站通过液压流量阀控制液体流量驱动液压马达，液压马达驱动发电机发电；动能机械包括齿轮、曲轴连杆或/和液压缸等。为了实现与扇形齿轮1015的配合，本实施例做功机械102为齿轮。做功机械5和做功机械102可以各自独立驱动发电机发电，或者将做功机械5通过液压管路与做功机械102连接，实现联合驱动发电机发电。
参见图1和图2，能量传递杆3由比重低于海水且弹性小韧性强耐腐蚀的杆状物制成，例如：利用不锈钢或合金材料制成的扁管状空心杆；若干个能量传递杆3设置在漂浮采能载体1周围，其一端连接在漂浮采能载体1的侧面，另一端为环状套在与之相对应的能量转换杠杆2的下端；能量传递杆3漂浮在海水中，并随着海平面的起伏自动升降；当海水平动的能量作用于漂浮采能载体1上时，漂浮采能载体1的移动会带动能量传递杆3移动，从而将海浪水平能量传递到能量转换杠杆2。需要说明的是：能量传递杆3与能量转换杠杆2的连接方 式不仅可将漂浮采能载体1采集的能量传递到做功机械5，而且还可使漂浮采能载体1相对固定在局部区域，限制漂浮采能载体1的晃动幅度，避免大幅度漂移。
参见图4，为了达到海浪发电的相对稳定性和适应海水能量的变化，以及应对台风等自然灾害，本发明实施例漂浮采能载体1的周边还设置有可上下移动的挡板103，该挡板可由多层可控制上下移动的板材组成。挡板103的上下移动可采用类似升降门的电动装置或升降窗帘的机械装置。当海洋浪潮的能量较小时，可使挡板向下移动以增大海水与挡板的受力面积，从而增加漂浮采能载体1获得的能量；当海洋浪潮的能量较大时，可使挡板上移以减小海水与挡板的受力面积，从而降低漂浮采能载体1的负荷，增加挡板对海浪冲击力的耐受性；当海洋浪潮的能量超大时，可使挡板上移且超出漂浮采能载体1的最高平面，防止海水灌入漂浮采能载体1。
为了使海洋潮汐所形成的潮汐位差势能也得到利用，本发明实施例漂浮采能载体1还可通过杠杆6将海洋潮汐位差的势能传递给做功机械7进行利用，如图5所示。做功机械7也可包括蓄能机构或动能机械。做功机械7可以独立驱动发电机发电，或者做功机械7通过液压管路与做功机械5、做功机械102相互连接，实现联合驱动发电机发电。
参见图1至图6，使用本发明实施例海浪能发电装置进行发电的工作原理为：
1)漂浮采能载体1上的若干个浪涌采能罩101将海浪上下波动的能量通过液压缸1011内的活塞1012及活塞杆1013、杠杆1014传递给做功机械102(最终作用于液压缸)；做功机械102将进入缸内的液压油加压后送入由多个油压蓄 能器组成的液压总站10。
2)漂浮采能载体1周围的若干根能量传递杆3将海浪水平移动的能量传递给能量转换杠杆2，能量转换杠杆2将获得的能量传递给做功机械5(最终作用于液压缸)，做功机械5将进入缸内的液压油加压后送入由多个油压蓄能器组成的液压总站10。
3)漂浮采能载体1将潮汐上下升降的势能传递给杠杆6，杠杆6将能量传递给做功机械7(最终作用于液压缸)，做功机械7将进入缸内的液压油加压后送入由多个油压蓄能器组成的液压总站10。
4)液压总站10通过液压流量阀11控制液体流量驱动液压马达12，液压马达12驱动发动机13发电。需要说明的是：当本发明实施例的海浪能发电装置主要用于海上房地产时，应尽量减少漂浮采能载体的厚度，以便减少漂浮采能载体的晃动。
本发明实施例提供的海浪能发电装置，可将海水上下前后左右及旋转等三维方向的机械能量采集利用，具有结构简单可靠、中间环节少、易安装、使用寿命长、能量转换率高、功率大及成本低等优点。本发明实施例提供的海浪能发电装置使用的能源为无污染能源，不仅可用于发电，而且还可作为制氢、压缩气体、淡化海水、食品及各种工农业品加工的能量。本发明实施例漂浮采能载体的建筑材料可以使用建筑垃圾，这样可以解决城市建筑垃圾处理的环保难题。利用本发明实施例提供的海浪能发电装置中的漂浮采能载体，可实现在海面上开发房地产项目，提供仓储、居住、观光、娱乐环境以及开展海水养殖、农作物种植、畜禽养殖和食品加工等工作环境。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一 步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种海浪能发电装置，包括漂浮采能载体、若干个悬吊在所述漂浮采能载体周围的能量转换杠杆和能量传递杆，其特征在于，所述能量传递杆的一端连接在所述漂浮采能载体上，所述能量传递杆的另一端套装在所述能量转换杠杆的下端；所述能量传递杆将所述漂浮采能载体采集的海浪水平移动的能量传递到所述能量转换杠杆，并可随着海面的升降沿着所述能量转换杠杆上下移动；所述能量转换杠杆的上端连接第一做功机械，所述能量转换杠杆的下端落入海水中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述漂浮采能载体周围设置有若干个固定支架；所述能量转换杠杆通过轴承铰接在所述固定支架上，并可围绕所述轴承转动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述漂浮采能载体的周边还设置有可上下移动的挡板。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述漂浮采能载体上设置有若干个大口朝下的用于采集海浪上下波动能量的喇叭状浪涌采能罩；所述浪涌采能罩的上端连接第二做功机械。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述漂浮采能载体将海洋潮汐位差的势能传递给第三做功机械。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述第一做功机械、所述第二做功机械和所述第三做功机械分别包括蓄能机构或动能机械。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述蓄能机构的蓄能方式为油压机蓄能，具体为多个油压蓄能器连接在一起组合成液压总站，所 述液压总站通过液压流量阀控制液体流量驱动液压马达，所述液压马达驱动发电机发电。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述第一做功机械、所述第二做功机械和所述第三做功机械分别驱动发电机发电，或者所述第一做功机械、所述第二做功机械和所述第三做功机械相互连接，实现联合驱动发电机发电。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述漂浮采能载体是由坚固的耐海水腐蚀材料制成的中空漂浮物；所述漂浮采能载体的中间部分下垂凸起，所述漂浮采能载体的边缘部分薄；所述漂浮采能载体上设置有居住设施、仓储设施、娱乐休闲设施、体育设施和能源设施中的一种或几种，并可在上面空闲部分覆盖无污染土壤进行农作物种植，或者进行动物饲养；所述漂浮采能载体浸入海水部分的外壳采用海洋生物喜欢寄居的礁石构成。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的海浪能发电装置，其特征在于，所述能量转换杠杆由弹性小的刚性耐腐蚀材料制成；所述能量传递杆由比重低于海水且弹性小韧性强耐腐蚀的杆状物制成；所述浪涌采能罩由耐腐蚀的硬质材料制成。
PCT/CN2018/096181 2017-07-20 2018-07-18 一种海浪能发电装置 WO2019015619A1 (zh)

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