WO2019015510A1

WO2019015510A1 - Information transmission method, network side device and terminal

Info

Publication number: WO2019015510A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/095150
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王莹莹; 孙军帅; 黄学艳; 韩星宇; 易芝玲
Original assignee: 中国移动通信有限公司研究院; 中国移动通信集团有限公司
Priority date: 2017-07-19
Filing date: 2018-07-10
Publication date: 2019-01-24
Also published as: CN109286574A; CN109286574B

Abstract

Provided are an information transmission method, a network side device and a terminal. The information transmission method comprises: generating a downlink control packet, with the downlink control packet carrying a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, wherein the QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when mapping a downlink data packet from an application layer into a QoS flow, and the reflection identifier is an identifier for indicating whether a terminal performs, when feeding back an uplink data packet after receiving the downlink data packet, uplink data packet feedback by means of the same data radio bearer (DRB) as the DRB used to send the downlink data packet; and sending the downlink control packet to the terminal.

Description

Information transmission method, network side device and terminal

Cross-reference to related applications

Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 201710591248.3, filed on Jan. 19,,,,,,,,

Technical field

The present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an information transmission method, a network side device, and a terminal.

Background technique

The related Long Term Evolution (LTE) system adopts end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) management mechanism and differentiated services to meet the QoS requirements of different services. QoS is completed in multiple layers, and QoS management of the entire LTE network is implemented by FIG. The E-RAB (Evolved Radio Acess Bearer, Evolved Radio Access Bearer) and Radio Bearer (Radio Bearer) are the smallest units of QoS management performed by the Evolved Packet System (EPS) side and the RAN (Radio Access Layer) side, respectively. EPS (Evolved Packet System) is a complete evolutionary packet system composed of a wireless network (LTE), a core network (EPC) and a user terminal (UE).

As shown in FIG. 2, in the fifth generation 5G, the downlink flow (IP flow) first maps the downlink data packet from the application layer to the QoS flow through the template (such as the IP quintuple template), and the core network (CN) When the downlink data packet is sent to the access network (RAN), the QoS Flow ID corresponding to the downlink data packet of the access network is notified on the interface, and the access network (RAN) receives the QoS flow. After the data packet, the QoS flow packet is mapped to the DRB (Data Radio Bearer) for transmission.

If the core network is enabled with the QoS (reflective QoS), the uplink data packets sent by the UE to the network side are also transmitted according to the same IP flow to QOS flow mapping relationship.

In the related art, if a data packet is transmitted according to a reflection QoS mechanism, the overhead of the packet header when the QoS flow is mapped to the DRB is large, and a transmission error of the data packet may occur.

Summary of the invention

The present disclosure provides an information transmission method, a network side device, and a terminal. The information transmission method, the network side device, and the terminal can reduce the overhead of the packet header when the QoS flow is mapped to the DRB, and improve the reliability of the information transmission.

In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides an information transmission method, the information transmission method includes: generating a downlink control packet, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is to be from an application layer. The downlink data packet is mapped to the QoS flow identifier added when the QoS flow is received, and the reflection identifier is used to indicate whether the terminal uses the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet when the uplink data packet is fed back after receiving the downlink data packet. The DRB performs an identifier of the uplink packet feedback; and sends the downlink control packet to the terminal.

After the sending the downlink control packet to the terminal, the method further includes: sending the downlink data packet to the terminal; and receiving the uplink data packet that is sent by the terminal after receiving the downlink data packet.

The step of transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal includes: mapping the downlink data packet to the first DRB, and transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal.

The step of receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back after receiving the downlink data packet includes: receiving, by the terminal, an uplink data packet that is fed back by the first DRB after receiving the downlink data packet; The reflection identifier in the control packet is a first state, and when the terminal receives the downlink data packet and feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier, the network side uses the network packet to send the downlink data packet. The first DRB is described as feedback.

The step of transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal includes: if the downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is mapped to the first DRB, and needs to be remapped to the second DRB for sending, the downlink data is sent. The packet is mapped to the second DRB and sent to the terminal.

The information transmission method further includes: regenerating a downlink control packet, and transmitting the downlink control packet to the terminal; wherein the regenerated downlink control packet is carried in the downlink control packet. And the QoS flow identifier and the reflection identifier, where the reflection identifier is a first state, and when the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet after receiving the downlink data packet, the first data packet is remapped by using the downlink data packet. Feedback is made on the second DRB.

The step of receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is sent after receiving the downlink data packet includes: receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back on the second DRB after receiving the downlink data packet.

The step of transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal includes: mapping the downlink data packet to the third DRB, and transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal.

The step of receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is sent after receiving the downlink data packet includes: receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back by the specified first target DRB after receiving the downlink data packet; The downlink control packet is in the second state, and the downlink control packet further carries: an identifier indicating that the terminal feeds back the specified first target DRB that the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier should be used; After the downlink data packet is sent, when the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is fed back, the first target DRB is used to feed back the uplink data packet.

The step of transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal includes: if the downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is mapped to the third DRB, and then needs to be remapped to the fourth DRB for sending, the downlink data is sent. The packet is mapped to the fourth DRB and sent to the terminal.

Before the downlink data packet is mapped to the fourth DRB and sent to the terminal, the information transmission method further includes: regenerating the downlink control packet, and transmitting the downlink control packet to the terminal; wherein the regenerated downlink control packet is carried The QoS flow identifier, the reflection identifier, and the identifier of the specified second target DRB that the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is to be fed back by the terminal; wherein the reflection identifier is the second state, and the terminal receives When the uplink data packet is fed back to the downlink data packet, the second target DRB is used to feed back the uplink data packet.

The step of receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is sent after receiving the downlink data packet includes: receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back by the specified second target DRB after receiving the downlink data packet.

The step of transmitting the downlink control packet to the terminal includes: encapsulating the downlink control packet into a packet data unit PDU, mapping the data packet to the DRB that sends the downlink data packet, and transmitting the data to the terminal.

The information transmission method further includes: receiving an uplink confirmation control packet that is fed back by the terminal after receiving the downlink control packet.

The downlink control packet carries tag information for identifying the downlink control packet, and the uplink acknowledgement control packet carries the same tag information that the terminal receives the downlink control packet.

The tag information includes a sequence number of the QoS flow corresponding to the downlink data packet.

The information transmission method further includes: if the network side does not correctly receive the uplink data packet or does not correctly receive the uplink acknowledgement control packet, resend the downlink control packet.

The retransmitted downlink control packet has the same tag information as the previous downlink control packet or the tag information obtained by adding a step length based on the tag information of the downlink control packet sent last time.

The downlink control packet and the uplink acknowledgement control packet are both control packets of a fixed length; or the downlink control packet and the uplink acknowledgement control packet both carry indication information indicating that the packet is a control packet.

The uplink acknowledgement control packet further carries acknowledgement information.

In a second aspect, some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an information transmission method, including: receiving a downlink control packet sent by a network side, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where The QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when the downlink data packet from the application layer is mapped to the QoS flow, and the reflection identifier is used to indicate whether the downlink data packet is received and sent when the uplink data packet is received after the terminal receives the downlink data packet. The data used by the data packet carries the identity of the uplink packet feedback by the same DRB of the DRB.

The information transmission method further includes: receiving a downlink data packet sent by the network side; and feeding back, by the network side, an uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the downlink control packet.

The step of receiving the downlink data packet sent by the network side includes: receiving, by using the first DRB, the downlink data packet sent by the network side.

The step of: feeding back the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet to the network side according to the downlink control packet, and: according to the downlink control packet, feeding back, by the first DRB, the downlink data packet corresponding to the network side The uplink data packet, wherein the reflection identifier in the downlink control packet is in a first state, and after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal sends the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier, and sends the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier. The first DRB used in the downlink data packet performs feedback.

The step of receiving the downlink data packet sent by the network side includes: receiving, by the network side, the downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is remapped by the first DRB to the downlink data packet sent by the second DRB.

The information transmission method further includes: receiving, by the network side, a downlink control packet that is regenerated and sent before the downlink data packet is sent by the second DRB, where the regenerated downlink control packet carries: the QoS flow The identifier and the reflection identifier are in a first state, and when the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal uses the downlink data packet to be remapped to the second DRB for feedback.

The step of feeding back, to the network side, the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the downlink control packet, after receiving the downlink data packet sent by the second DRB, in the second The upstream packet is fed back on the DRB.

The step of receiving the downlink data packet sent by the network side includes: receiving, by using the third DRB, the downlink data packet sent by the network side.

The step of feeding back the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet to the network side according to the downlink control packet includes: after receiving the downlink data packet sent by the third DRB, by specifying the first An uplink data packet that is forwarded by the target DRB, where the reflection identifier in the downlink control packet is a second state, and the downlink control packet further carries: indicating that the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier And determining, by the first target DRB, the uplink data packet, when the terminal receives the downlink data packet and feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier.

The step of receiving the downlink data packet sent by the network side includes: receiving, by the network side, the downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is remapped by the third DRB to the downlink data packet sent by the fourth DRB.

The information transmission method further includes: receiving, by the network side, a downlink control packet that is regenerated and sent before the downlink data packet is sent by the fourth DRB, where the regenerated downlink control packet carries: the QoS The flow identifier, the reflection identifier, and the terminal feedback the identifier of the specified second target DRB that the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is to be used; wherein the reflection identifier is the second state, and the terminal receives the downlink data. When the uplink data packet is fed back after the packet, the second target DRB is used to feed back the uplink data packet.

The step of feeding back, to the network side, the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the downlink control packet, according to the downlink control packet, after receiving the downlink data packet by using the fourth DRB, in the second The upstream packet is fed back on the target DRB.

The step of receiving the downlink control packet sent by the network side includes: receiving, by the network side, a packet data unit PDU that is sent by the DRB that sends the downlink data packet, where the PDU is a PDU encapsulated by the network side into the downlink control packet.

The information transmission method further includes: after receiving the downlink control packet, feeding back an uplink acknowledgement control packet to the network side.

The information transmission method further includes: if the network side does not correctly receive the uplink data packet or does not correctly receive the uplink acknowledgement control packet, re-receive the downlink control packet that is retransmitted by the network side.

In a third aspect, some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a network side device, where the network side device includes: a processor, configured to generate a downlink control packet, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflective identifier, where The QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when the downlink data packet from the application layer is mapped to the QoS flow, and the reflection identifier is used to indicate whether the terminal uses the uplink data packet after receiving the downlink data packet. The data carried by the downlink data packet carries the identifier of the uplink packet feedback by the same DRB of the DRB, and the transceiver is configured to send the downlink control packet to the terminal.

The transceiver is further configured to: send the downlink data packet to the terminal; and receive an uplink data packet that is sent back by the terminal after receiving the downlink data packet.

When the transceiver sends the downlink data packet to the terminal, the method is specifically configured to: map the downlink data packet to the third DRB, and send the downlink data packet to the terminal.

When the receiving terminal receives the uplink data packet that is fed back after the downlink data packet is received, the transceiver is specifically configured to: after receiving the downlink data packet, the receiving terminal sends the uplink data that is fed back by the specified first target DRB. a packet, wherein the downlink control packet is in a second state, and the downlink control packet further includes: a specified first target DRB that indicates that the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier After receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier, and uses the first target DRB to feed back the uplink data packet.

In a fourth aspect, some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a terminal, where the terminal includes: a transceiver, configured to receive a downlink control packet sent by a network side, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflective identifier, where The QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when the downlink data packet from the application layer is mapped to the QoS flow, and the reflection identifier is used to indicate whether the terminal uses the uplink data packet after receiving the downlink data packet. The data used by the downlink data packet carries the same DRB of the DRB for the uplink packet feedback identification.

The transceiver is further configured to: receive a downlink data packet sent by the network side, and feed back, to the network side, an uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the downlink control packet.

When the transceiver receives the downlink data packet sent by the network side, the transceiver is specifically configured to: receive, by using the third DRB, the downlink data packet sent by the network side.

When the transceiver feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet to the network side according to the downlink control packet, the transceiver is specifically configured to: after receiving the downlink data packet sent by the third DRB, pass the And the uplink data packet that is sent by the first target DRB, wherein the downlink control packet is in the second state, and the downlink control packet further includes: indicating, by the terminal, the uplink data corresponding to the QoS flow identifier. The identifier of the designated first target DRB to be used by the packet; after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier, and uses the first target DRB to feed back the uplink data packet. .

In a fifth aspect, some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a communication device including a processor and a memory storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is executed by the processor when The method of the first aspect or the second aspect.

In a sixth aspect, some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer program instructions when the computer program instructions are run by a computer The computer is caused to perform the method of the first aspect or the second aspect as described above.

The above aspects of the present disclosure include at least the following beneficial effects:

In the above solution of the present disclosure, by generating a downlink control packet, the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when mapping a downlink data packet from an application layer into a QoS flow. The reflection identifier is an identifier indicating whether the uplink data packet is fed back by using the same DRB as the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet after the downlink data packet is received by the terminal, and is sent to the terminal. The downlink control packet. Thereby, the overhead of the QoS flow to the DRB mapping is reduced, the reliability of the transmission of the control information is improved, and the correctness of the data packet transmission is ensured.

DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a QoS management manner of a related LTE network;

Figure 2 is a mapping diagram of 5G QoS flow to DRB;

3 is a flowchart of an information transmission method of the present disclosure;

4 is a schematic flowchart of a reflective start in a transmission example of a downlink control packet;

5 is a schematic flowchart of a reflective shutdown in a transmission example of a downlink control packet;

6 and 7 are schematic diagrams showing a transmission format of a downlink control packet;

8 and 9 are schematic diagrams showing a transmission format of an uplink control packet.

Detailed ways

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown in the drawings, the embodiments Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more fully understood and the scope of the disclosure will be fully disclosed.

As shown in FIG. 3, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an information transmission method including steps 31-32.

Step 31: Generate a downlink control packet, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when mapping a downlink data packet from the application layer into a QoS flow, and the reflection The identifier is used to indicate whether the terminal uses the same DRB as the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet to perform uplink data packet feedback when the uplink data packet is received after the terminal receives the downlink data packet.

Step 32: Send the downlink control packet to the terminal.

Further, in the information transmission method, after the downlink control packet is sent to the terminal, the steps 33-34 may be further included.

Step 33: Send the downlink data packet to the terminal.

Step 34: Receive an uplink data packet that is sent back by the terminal after receiving the downlink data packet.

In the disclosure, by generating a downlink control packet, the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when mapping a downlink data packet from an application layer into a QoS flow. The reflection identifier is used to indicate whether the terminal uses the same DRB as the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet to perform uplink data packet feedback when the uplink data packet is received after receiving the downlink data packet, and sends the identifier to the terminal. Downstream control package.

The downlink control packet can be used as a QoS flow to a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) of a DRB mapping layer (SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) layer). The introduction of the downlink control PDU can effectively reduce the head overhead of the downlink SDAP. For the AS (Access Stratum) layer, the reflective QoS and the non-reflective QoS can adopt a unified packet structure.

Further, in the case that the AS layer reflection flag is on, the format of the SDAP data packet may be changed, and only the QFI (QoS Flow ID) and RDI (Reflective QoS flow to DRB mapping Indication) ON flag may be separately sent in the downlink. The control packet informs the terminal that the uplink data with the QFI needs to be transmitted in the same DRB as the downlink.

When the AS layer reflection identifier is in the off state, the DRB that should be used for the uplink data corresponding to the QoS flow identifier may be further indicated by carrying the specified uplink DRB ID.

Specifically, for the case where the reflection flag is in an on state, as shown in FIG. 4, the information transmission method includes the following steps 41-44.

Step 41: Generate a downlink control packet, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when mapping a downlink data packet from the application layer into a QoS flow, and the reflection When the terminal receives the downlink data packet and feeds back the uplink data packet, the terminal sends the data radio bearer DRB used by the downlink data packet to perform uplink data packet feedback.

Step 42: Send the downlink control packet to the terminal.

Step 43: Map the downlink data packet to the first DRB, and send the downlink data packet to the terminal.

Step 44: After receiving the downlink data packet, the receiving terminal sends an uplink data packet that is fed back by the first DRB. After receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier. The first DRB used when the network side sends the downlink data packet performs feedback.

In this embodiment, the DRB1 (first DRB) is selected on the access network to perform uplink and downlink QFI (QoS flow identification) to N data packet transmission, and the downlink transmission end SDAP (service discovery application configuration, ie, core network and wireless access) The transmission interface between the layers needs to generate a SDAP control packet carrying the same flag as QFI=N and RDI (reflection identification).

The downlink control packet can be sent before the downlink packet of QFI=N.

Once the terminal receives the downlink control packet on DRB1, the uplink data corresponding to QFI=N is sent using DRB1.

Specifically, when the downlink data packet is sent to the terminal, if the downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is mapped and sent to the first DRB, it needs to be remapped to the second DRB for transmission, and the downlink data packet is mapped. Send to the terminal on the second DRB.

At this time, before the mapping of the downlink data packet to the second DRB, the method may further include:

Regenerating the downlink control packet, and sending the packet to the terminal, where the regenerated downlink control packet carries: the QoS flow identifier and the reflection identifier, where the reflection identifier is in a first state, and the terminal receives the When the uplink data packet is fed back after the downlink data packet, the second DRB to which the downlink data packet is remapped is used for feedback.

And receiving, by the receiving terminal, an uplink data packet that is fed back on the second DRB after receiving the downlink data packet.

In this embodiment, if the downlink data packet of QFI=N needs to be re-mapped to the DRB2 for transmission, the downlink transmitting end SDAP layer retransmits the downlink control packet carrying the QFI=N and RDI open flags on the DRB2.

After receiving the data packet on the DRB2, the terminal migrates the uplink data of QFI=N to the DRB2 for transmission.

Specifically, for the case where the reflection flag is in the off state, as shown in FIG. 5, the information transmission method includes steps 51-54.

Step 51: Generate a downlink control packet, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier, a reflection identifier, and an identifier of the target DRB, where the QoS flow identifier is added when mapping the downlink data packet from the application layer into the QoS flow. The QoS flow identifier, the reflection identifier is in a closed state, and after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet, and uses the target DRB to perform uplink data packet feedback.

Step 52: Send the downlink control packet to the terminal.

Step 53: Map the downlink data packet to the third DRB, and send the downlink data packet to the terminal.

Step 54: After receiving the downlink data packet, the receiving terminal receives the uplink data packet fed back by the specified first target DRB.

In this embodiment, the access network selects DRB1 for downlink QFI=N data packet transmission, and DRB2 performs uplink QFI=N data packet transmission, and the downlink transmitting end SDAP needs to generate a SDAP control packet, which carries the same QFI. =N, RDI off flag and upstream DRB ID (such as DRB2).

The control packet can be sent before the downstream packet of QFI=N.

Once the UE receives the downlink control packet on DRB1 and reads the target DRB ID=2, the uplink data packet corresponding to QFI=N is transmitted using DRB2.

In particular, when the downlink data packet is sent to the terminal, if the downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is mapped to the third DRB, the downlink data packet needs to be remapped to the fourth DRB for transmission, and the downlink data packet is sent. The mapping to the fourth DRB is sent to the terminal.

At this time, before the downlink data packet is mapped to the fourth DRB and sent to the terminal, the method shown in FIG. 5 further includes: regenerating the downlink control packet, and transmitting the downlink control packet to the terminal; wherein the regenerated downlink control packet And carrying: the QoS flow identifier, the reflection identifier, and the identifier of the specified second target DRB that the terminal corresponding to the QoS flow identifier corresponding to the uplink data packet is to be used; wherein the reflection identifier is the second state, When the terminal receives the downlink data packet and feeds back the uplink data packet, the second target DRB is used to feed back the uplink data packet.

And receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back by the specified second target DRB after receiving the downlink data packet.

In this embodiment, if the downlink data of QFI=N needs to be remapped to the DRB2 for transmission, the uplink data packet needs to be mapped and sent on the DRB1, and the downlink sender SDAP layer retransmits on the DRB2 to carry the QFI=N, and the RDI is closed. The downlink control packet of the target DRB=1.

After receiving the data packet on the DRB2, the terminal migrates the uplink data of QFI=N to the DRB1 for transmission.

In the above embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of transmitting the downlink control packet to the terminal may include: encapsulating the downlink control packet into a packet data unit PDU, and mapping to the DRB that sends the downlink data packet by using an access network. , sent to the terminal. The introduction of such a downlink control PDU can effectively reduce the head overhead of the downlink SDAP, and a unified packet structure can be adopted for the AS layer reflective QoS and the non-reflective QoS.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the information transmission method may further include step 35 on the basis of the foregoing steps.

Step 35: Receive an uplink acknowledgement control packet that is feedback by the terminal after receiving the downlink control packet. Optionally, the uplink acknowledgement control packet may only feed back the uplink acknowledgement control packet for the latest downlink control packet received.

The downlink control packet carries tag information for identifying the downlink control packet, and the uplink acknowledgement control packet carries the same tag information that the terminal finally receives the downlink control packet.

The tag information includes: a sequence number of the QoS flow corresponding to the downlink data packet.

In this embodiment, after receiving the downlink control packet, the terminal feeds back the uplink acknowledgment control packet, thereby improving the transmission accuracy of the downlink control packet, reducing the number of transmissions of the downlink control packet, and carrying and receiving the downlink in the uplink acknowledgment control packet. The same tag is controlled by the control packet. This tag can be the serial number. If it is a serial number, the serial number should be the QoS flow level and counted for each QoS flow. Optionally, the uplink acknowledgement control packet may only acknowledge the latest downlink control packet received.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the information transmission method may further include step 36 on the basis of the foregoing steps.

Step 36: If the network side does not correctly receive the uplink data packet or does not correctly receive the uplink acknowledgement control packet, retransmit the downlink control packet.

In this embodiment, the marking information of the downlink control packet may be the foregoing serial number. To ensure the reliability of the SDAP downlink control packet, a repeated transmission mechanism is proposed for the SDAP downlink control packet. If the uplink data packet is not received on the determined DRB or the uplink acknowledgement control packet corresponding to the SDAP downlink control packet is not received, the SDAP downlink control packet is resent. The serial number corresponding to the SDAP may be unchanged when resending, or one may be added. However, in any case, it is necessary to ensure that the serial number corresponding to the latest QOS reflective information is up-to-date.

In the above embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, FIGS. 6 to 9 show the specific structure of the downlink control packet and the uplink control packet.

Figure 6 shows that the downlink control packet carries indication information indicating whether the packet is a control packet or a data packet, such as a D/C field, which carries a 1-bit D/C field in all SDAP packets, and indicates current through D/C Whether the packet is a data packet or a control packet; and the downlink control packet further has a QFI field (QoS flow identifier), an SN field (serial number), an RDI field (reflection identifier), and a DRB field;

As shown in FIG. 7, the downlink control packet is a fixed length control packet, and the downlink control packet further has a QFI field (QoS flow identifier), an SN field (serial number), an RDI field (reflection identifier), and a DRB field; A fixed length is used, and the size of the control packet does not fall within the scope of the packet. For example, the control packet is fixed by 2 bytes, but the size of the data packet is greater than 2 bytes. The receiving side directly distinguishes between the current data packet and the control packet by the packet size.

Figure 8 shows that the uplink control packet carries indication information indicating whether the packet is a control packet or a data packet, such as a D/C field, a 1-bit D/C field, indicating whether the current packet is a data packet or a control packet; The acknowledgment control packet further carries an acknowledgment message, specifically an A/N field, and the uplink acknowledgment control packet further has an SN field (serial number) and an R (reserved field);

FIG. 9 shows that the uplink control packet is a fixed-length control packet, and the uplink acknowledgement control packet further carries an acknowledgement information, specifically an A/N field, and the uplink acknowledgement control packet further has an SN field (serial number) and R (reserved field).

In the foregoing embodiment of the present disclosure, for the downlink control packet, the SN, QFI, RDI, and DRB ID information needs to be filled. The SN performs the uplink feedback flag, and the QFI indicates the QOS Flow ID of the operation. The RDI indicates whether it is the AS reflective QoS. The DRB ID marks the DRB ID corresponding to the uplink data of the current flow id in the case of the reflective QoS off.

For the uplink control packet, the SN information needs to be filled and the received information is acknowledged, and the largest SN number received by the downlink is notified.

The above embodiments of the present disclosure effectively reduce the RRC signaling by reducing the core packet overhead and improving the reliability of the control information by reducing the core network when performing QoS flow to DRB mapping by forming a dedicated downlink control packet.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an information transmission method, and the information transmission method includes step 101.

Step 101: Receive a downlink control packet sent by the network side, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when mapping a downlink data packet from an application layer into a QoS flow. The reflection identifier is used to indicate whether the terminal uses the same DRB as the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet to perform uplink data packet feedback when the uplink data packet is received after the terminal receives the downlink data packet.

The information transmission method further includes steps 102-103.

Step 102: Receive a downlink data packet sent by the network side.

Step 103: The uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet is fed back to the network side according to the downlink control packet.

In the first case where the reflection flag is on, step 102 includes sub-step 1021, and step 103 includes sub-step 1021.

Step 102 includes sub-step 1021.

Sub-step 1021: The downlink data packet sent by the network side is received by the first DRB.

Step 103 includes sub-step 1021.

In the sub-step 1031, the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet is fed back to the network side by the first DRB according to the downlink control packet, where the reflection identifier in the downlink control packet is in a first state, After receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier, and uses the first DRB that is used when the network side sends the downlink data packet to perform feedback.

In the second case where the reflection flag is on, step 102 includes sub-step 1022, step 103 includes sub-step 1032, and the information transmission method further includes step 104.

Step 102 includes sub-step 1022.

Sub-step 1022 receives, by the network side, the downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is remapped by the first DRB to the downlink data packet sent by the second DRB.

The information transmission method further includes step 104.

Step 104: The downlink control packet that is regenerated and sent by the network side before the downlink data packet is sent by the second DRB, where the regenerated downlink control packet carries: the QoS flow identifier and the reflection identifier, The reflection identifier is in a first state, and when the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal uses the downlink data packet to be remapped to the second DRB for feedback.

Step 103 includes sub-step 1032.

Sub-step 1032, after receiving the downlink data packet sent by the second DRB, feeding back an uplink data packet on the second DRB.

For the first case where the reflection is identified as the closed state, step 102 includes sub-step 1023, and step 103 includes sub-step 1033.

Step 102 includes sub-step 1023.

Sub-step 1023, receiving, by the third DRB, the downlink data packet sent by the network side.

Step 103 includes sub-step 1033.

Sub-step 1033, after receiving the downlink data packet sent by the third DRB, the uplink data packet fed back by the specified first target DRB, where the reflection identifier in the downlink control packet is the second a status, the downlink control packet further carries: an identifier indicating that the terminal feeds back the specified first target DRB that the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier should be used; and after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal feeds back the QoS When the flow identifier corresponds to the uplink data packet, the first target DRB is used to feed back the uplink data packet.

For the second case where the reflection flag is off, step 102 includes sub-step 1024, step 103 includes sub-step 1034, and the information transmission method may further include step 105.

Step 102 includes sub-step 1024.

Sub-step 1024: The downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier on the receiving network side is remapped by the third DRB to the downlink data packet sent on the fourth DRB.

The information transmission method may further include step 105.

Step 105: The downlink control packet that is regenerated and sent by the network side before the downlink data packet is sent by the fourth DRB, where the regenerated downlink control packet carries: the QoS flow identifier, the reflection identifier The identifier of the specified second target DRB that should be used by the terminal to feed back the QoS flow identifier, wherein the reflection identifier is in the second state, and the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet after receiving the downlink data packet. And using the second target DRB to feed back the uplink data packet.

Step 103 includes sub-step 1034.

Sub-step 1034, after receiving the downlink data packet by the fourth DRB according to the downlink control packet, and feeding back the uplink data packet on the second target DRB.

In the foregoing embodiment of the present disclosure, the step 101 may include: receiving, by the network side, a packet data unit PDU that is sent by the DRB that sends the downlink data packet, where the PDU is a PDU encapsulated by the network side into the downlink control packet.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the information transmission method further includes step 106.

Step 106: After receiving the downlink control packet, feed back the uplink acknowledgement control packet to the network side.

The marking information includes: a serial number of the QoS flow corresponding to the downlink data packet.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the information transmission method further includes step 107.

Step 107: If the network side does not correctly receive the uplink data packet or does not correctly receive the uplink acknowledgement control packet, re-receive the downlink control packet that is retransmitted by the network side.

The embodiment of the method is a method on the terminal side, and corresponds to the method on the network side. All the implementations shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 9 are applicable to the embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a network side device including a processor and a transceiver.

a processor, configured to generate a downlink control packet, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when mapping a downlink data packet from the application layer into a QoS flow, where The reflection flag is used to indicate whether the terminal uses the same DRB as the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet to perform uplink data packet feedback when the terminal receives the downlink data packet and feeds back the uplink data packet.

The transceiver is configured to send the downlink control packet to the terminal.

It should be noted that the processor and the transceiver are also used to implement all the implementation methods shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 9 , and the same technical effects can be achieved.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a terminal that includes a transceiver.

The transceiver is configured to receive a downlink control packet sent by the network side, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS added when mapping a downlink data packet from the application layer into a QoS flow The flow identifier is used to indicate whether the terminal uses the same DRB as the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet to perform uplink data packet feedback when the uplink data packet is fed back after receiving the downlink data packet.

When receiving the downlink data packet sent by the network side, the transceiver is specifically configured to: receive, by using the third DRB, the downlink data packet sent by the network side.

It should be noted that all the implementation manners of the method on the terminal side are applicable to the embodiment of the terminal, and the same technical effects can be achieved.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a communication device including a processor and a memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, performs the method as described above. When the communication device is a network side device, the method on the network side as shown in FIGS. 3 to 9 described above is executed. When the communication device is a terminal, the method on the terminal side as described above is performed.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause a computer to perform the method as described above.

The above is an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also make several improvements and retouchings without departing from the principles of the present disclosure. It should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

An information transmission method includes:

Generating a downlink control packet, where the downlink control packet carries a quality of service QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when mapping a downlink data packet from the application layer into a QoS flow, and the reflection identifier And indicating, when the terminal receives the downlink data packet, whether to use the same DRB as the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet to perform uplink data packet feedback when the uplink data packet is fed back; and

Sending the downlink control packet to the terminal.
The information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein after the downlink control packet is sent to the terminal, the method further includes:

Transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal;

And receiving, by the terminal, an uplink data packet that is fed back after receiving the downlink data packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 2, wherein the step of transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal comprises:

The downlink data packet is mapped to the first DRB and sent to the terminal.
The information transmission method according to claim 3, wherein the step of receiving, by the terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back after receiving the downlink data packet comprises:

And receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is sent by the first DRB after receiving the downlink data packet, where the reflection identifier in the downlink control packet is in a first state, and after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal receives the downlink data packet. When the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is fed back, the first DRB used by the network side to send the downlink data packet is used for feedback.
The information transmission method according to claim 2, wherein the step of transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal comprises:

If the downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is mapped to the first DRB for transmission, it needs to be remapped to the second DRB for transmission, and the downlink data packet is mapped to the second DRB for transmission to the terminal.
The information transmission method according to claim 5, wherein before the mapping of the downlink data packet to the second DRB, the information transmission method further includes:

Regenerating the downlink control packet, and sending the packet to the terminal, where the regenerated downlink control packet carries: the QoS flow identifier and the reflection identifier, where the reflection identifier is in a first state, and the terminal receives the When the uplink data packet is fed back after the downlink data packet, the second DRB to which the downlink data packet is remapped is used for feedback.
The information transmission method according to claim 6, wherein the step of receiving, by the terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back after receiving the downlink data packet comprises:

And receiving, by the receiving terminal, an uplink data packet that is fed back on the second DRB after receiving the downlink data packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 2, wherein the step of transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal comprises:

The downlink data packet is mapped to the third DRB and sent to the terminal.
The information transmission method according to claim 8, wherein the receiving terminal receives the uplink data packet that is fed back after receiving the downlink data packet, and includes:

And receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back by the specified first target DRB after receiving the downlink data packet, where the reflection identifier in the downlink control packet is in a second state, and the downlink control packet further carries And indicating that the terminal feeds back the identifier of the specified first target DRB that the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is to be used; and after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier, and adopts The first target DRB feeds back the uplink data packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 2, wherein the step of transmitting the downlink data packet to the terminal comprises:

If the downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is mapped to the third DRB for transmission, it needs to be remapped to the fourth DRB for transmission, and the downlink data packet is mapped to the fourth DRB for transmission to the terminal.
The information transmission method according to claim 10, wherein before the mapping of the downlink data packet to the fourth DRB, the information transmission method further includes:

Regenerating the downlink control packet, and transmitting the downlink control packet to the terminal, where the regenerated downlink control packet carries: the QoS flow identifier, the reflection identifier, and the uplink data packet corresponding to the terminal feeding back the QoS flow identifier The identifier of the specified second target DRB, wherein the reflection identifier is a second state, and when the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet after receiving the downlink data packet, using the second target DRB, and feeding back the uplink data packet .
The information transmission method according to claim 11, wherein the step of receiving, by the terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back after receiving the downlink data packet comprises:

And receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back by the specified second target DRB after receiving the downlink data packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting the downlink control packet to the terminal comprises:

The downlink control packet is encapsulated into a packet data unit PDU, and is mapped to a DRB that transmits the downlink data packet through an access network, and is sent to the terminal.
The information transmission method according to claim 2, further comprising:

Receiving an uplink acknowledgement control packet that is feedback by the terminal after receiving the downlink control packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 14, wherein the downlink control packet carries tag information for identifying the downlink control packet, and the uplink acknowledgment control packet carries the same tag information as the terminal receives the downlink control packet. .
The information transmission method according to claim 15, wherein said tag information comprises: a sequence number of a QoS stream corresponding to said downlink packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 14, further comprising:

If the network side does not correctly receive the uplink data packet or does not correctly receive the uplink acknowledgement control packet, retransmit the downlink control packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 17, wherein the retransmitted downlink control packet has the same tag information as the previously transmitted downlink control packet or adds a step size based on the tag information of the previously transmitted downlink control packet. Marked information obtained afterwards.
The information transmission method according to claim 14, wherein the downlink control packet and the uplink acknowledgement control packet are control packets of a fixed length; or

Both the downlink control packet and the uplink acknowledgement control packet carry indication information indicating that the packet is a control packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 19, wherein the uplink confirmation control packet further carries confirmation information.
An information transmission method includes:

Receiving, by the network side, a downlink control packet, where the downlink control packet carries a quality of service QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when mapping a downlink data packet from the application layer into a QoS flow, The reflection identifier is an identifier indicating whether the uplink data packet is fed back by using the same DRB as the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet after the terminal receives the downlink data packet and feeds back the uplink data packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 21, further comprising:

Receiving downlink packets sent by the network side;

And transmitting, according to the downlink control packet, an uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet to the network side.
The information transmission method according to claim 22, wherein the receiving the downlink data packet sent by the network side comprises:

Receiving, by the first DRB, the downlink data packet sent by the network side.
The information transmission method according to claim 23, wherein the step of feeding back, to the network side, the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the downlink control packet includes:

And, according to the downlink control packet, the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet is fed back to the network side by the first DRB, where the reflection identifier in the downlink control packet is in a first state, and the terminal receives the After the downlink data packet is reported, when the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is fed back, the first DRB used by the network side to send the downlink data packet is used for feedback.
The information transmission method according to claim 22, wherein the receiving the downlink data packet sent by the network side comprises:

The downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier on the receiving network side is remapped by the first DRB to the downlink data packet sent on the second DRB.
The information transmission method according to claim 25, further comprising:

a downlink control packet that is regenerated and sent by the receiving network side before the downlink data packet is sent by the second DRB, where the regenerated downlink control packet carries: the QoS flow identifier and the reflection identifier, and the reflection The identifier is in the first state, and when the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal uses the second DRB to which the downlink data packet is remapped to perform feedback.
The information transmission method according to claim 26, wherein the step of feeding back, to the network side, the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the downlink control packet comprises:

After receiving the downlink data packet sent by the second DRB, the uplink data packet is fed back on the second DRB.
The information transmission method according to claim 22, wherein the receiving the downlink data packet sent by the network side comprises:

Receiving, by the third DRB, the downlink data packet sent by the network side.
The information transmission method according to claim 28, wherein the step of feeding back, to the network side, the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the downlink control packet includes:

After receiving the downlink data packet sent by the third DRB, the uplink data packet that is fed back by the specified first target DRB, where the reflection identifier in the downlink control packet is a second state, The downlink control packet further carries: an identifier indicating that the terminal feeds back the designated first target DRB that the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier should be used; and after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal feeds back the corresponding QoS flow identifier. When the data packet is uplinked, the first target DRB is used, and the uplink data packet is fed back.
The information transmission method according to claim 22, wherein the receiving the downlink data packet sent by the network side comprises:

The downlink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier on the receiving network side is remapped by the third DRB to the downlink data packet sent on the fourth DRB.
The information transmission method according to claim 30, further comprising:

a downlink control packet that is regenerated and sent by the receiving network side before the downlink data packet is sent by the fourth DRB, where the regenerated downlink control packet carries: the QoS flow identifier, the reflection identifier, and the terminal feedback The QoS flow identifier identifies an identifier of the designated second target DRB that is to be used by the uplink data packet, where the reflection identifier is the second state, and when the terminal receives the downlink data packet and feeds back the uplink data packet, the terminal uses the The second target DRB feeds back the uplink data packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 31, wherein the step of feeding back, to the network side, the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the downlink control packet includes:

According to the downlink control packet, after receiving the downlink data packet by the fourth DRB, the uplink data packet is fed back on the second target DRB.
The information transmission method according to claim 1, wherein the receiving the downlink control packet sent by the network side comprises:

And receiving, by the network side, a packet data unit PDU that is sent by the DRB that sends the downlink data packet, where the PDU is a PDU encapsulated by the network side into the downlink control packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 22, further comprising:

After receiving the downlink control packet, the uplink acknowledgement control packet is fed back to the network side.
The information transmission method according to claim 34, wherein the downlink control packet carries tag information for identifying a downlink control packet, and the uplink acknowledgment control packet carries the same tag information as the terminal receives the downlink control packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 35, wherein said tag information comprises: a sequence number of a QoS stream corresponding to said downlink packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 34, further comprising:

If the network side does not correctly receive the uplink data packet or does not correctly receive the uplink acknowledgement control packet, re-receive the downlink control packet that is retransmitted by the network side.
The information transmission method according to claim 37, wherein the retransmitted downlink control packet has the same tag information as the previously transmitted downlink control packet or adds a step size based on the tag information of the previously transmitted downlink control packet. Marked information obtained afterwards.
The information transmission method according to claim 34, wherein the downlink control packet and the uplink acknowledgement control packet are both control packets of a fixed length; or

Both the downlink control packet and the uplink acknowledgement control packet carry indication information indicating that the packet is a control packet.
The information transmission method according to claim 39, wherein said uplink confirmation control packet further carries confirmation information.
A network side device, including:

a processor, configured to generate a downlink control packet, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS flow identifier added when mapping a downlink data packet from the application layer into a QoS flow, where The indication of the reflection is an identifier indicating whether the uplink packet is fed back by using the same DRB as the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet after the terminal receives the downlink data packet, and when the uplink data packet is fed back;

The transceiver is configured to send the downlink control packet to the terminal.
The network side device according to claim 41, wherein the transceiver is further configured to: send the downlink data packet to the terminal; and receive the uplink data packet that the terminal feeds back after receiving the downlink data packet.
The network side device according to claim 42, wherein when the transceiver transmits the downlink data packet to the terminal, the transceiver is specifically configured to: map the downlink data packet to the third DRB, and send the downlink data packet to the terminal.
The network side device according to claim 43, wherein the transceiver is specifically configured to: when the receiving terminal receives the uplink data packet that is sent after the downlink data packet is received by the terminal,

And receiving, by the receiving terminal, the uplink data packet that is fed back by the specified first target DRB after receiving the downlink data packet, where the reflection identifier in the downlink control packet is in a second state, and the downlink control packet further carries And indicating that the terminal feeds back the identifier of the specified first target DRB that the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is to be used; and after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier, and adopts The first target DRB feeds back the uplink data packet.
A terminal comprising:

The transceiver is configured to receive a downlink control packet sent by the network side, where the downlink control packet carries a QoS flow identifier and a reflection identifier, where the QoS flow identifier is a QoS added when mapping a downlink data packet from the application layer into a QoS flow The flow identifier is used to indicate whether the terminal uses the same DRB as the data radio bearer DRB used for transmitting the downlink data packet to perform uplink data packet feedback when the uplink data packet is fed back after receiving the downlink data packet.
The terminal according to claim 45, wherein the transceiver is further configured to: receive a downlink data packet sent by the network side; and feed back, to the network side, the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet according to the downlink control packet. .
The terminal according to claim 46, wherein the transceiver, when receiving the downlink data packet sent by the network side, is specifically configured to: receive, by using the third DRB, the downlink data packet sent by the network side.
The terminal according to claim 47, wherein, when the transceiver feeds back the uplink data packet corresponding to the downlink data packet to the network side according to the downlink control packet, the transceiver is specifically configured to:

After receiving the downlink data packet sent by the third DRB, the uplink data packet that is fed back by the specified first target DRB, where the reflection identifier in the downlink control packet is a second state, The downlink control packet further includes: a flag indicating that the terminal feeds back the specified first target DRB that the uplink data packet corresponding to the QoS flow identifier is to be used; and after receiving the downlink data packet, the terminal feeds back the corresponding QoS flow identifier. When the data packet is uplinked, the first target DRB is used, and the uplink data packet is fed back.
A communication device comprising:

A processor and a memory storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the method of any one of claims 1-20, or any of claims 21-40 One of the methods described.
A non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising:

Computer program instructions,

Wherein the computer program instructions, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of claims 1-20, or the method of any of claims 21-40.