WO2019011069A1 - 一种双箱体通风净化器 - Google Patents

一种双箱体通风净化器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019011069A1
WO2019011069A1 PCT/CN2018/088687 CN2018088687W WO2019011069A1 WO 2019011069 A1 WO2019011069 A1 WO 2019011069A1 CN 2018088687 W CN2018088687 W CN 2018088687W WO 2019011069 A1 WO2019011069 A1 WO 2019011069A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mechanical
ventilation
air
baffle
box
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/088687
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张腾飞
李发成
王继红
王树刚
Original Assignee
大连理工大学
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Application filed by 大连理工大学 filed Critical 大连理工大学
Priority to US16/611,759 priority Critical patent/US11204183B2/en
Publication of WO2019011069A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019011069A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/003—Ventilation in combination with air cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/108—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2273/00—Operation of filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2273/30—Means for generating a circulation of a fluid in a filtration system, e.g. using a pump or a fan
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
    • E06B7/02—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses
    • E06B2007/023—Air flow induced by fan
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
    • F24F1/0071—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units with means for purifying supplied air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/20—Casings or covers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of indoor air purification and indoor ventilation, and particularly relates to a ventilation purifier in multiple modes.
  • the existing fresh air equipment adopts high-efficiency filtration, that is, using the primary, middle and high-efficiency filters or the high-efficiency filter alone to filter the outdoor fresh air, and has only one usage mode.
  • the existing equipment has high purification efficiency, it tends to have a short service life. Medium and high efficiency filters are easily retired.
  • the ventilation resistance is relatively large, the ventilation volume is relatively small, and the indoor ventilation cannot be performed quickly.
  • the invention will develop a ventilation purifier with multiple modes of use, and still use a three-effect filter to purify the outdoor fresh air when the outdoor air is in the middle and heavy pollution; and when the outdoor air is in a slight pollution, only one initial effect is adopted.
  • the filter can achieve indoor air quality standards, extend the service life of the high-efficiency filter and increase the ventilation capacity. It also has a natural ventilation mode, which can ventilate the room in high wind speed and has initial filtration. This mode also saves fan energy consumption; and has an indoor self-cleaning mode to circulate indoor air during certain periods of time when no fresh air is required.
  • the ventilator uses a rotating baffle for mode switching.
  • the existing baffle opening and closing rotation device adopts manual or electric control, and the manual control is relatively simple but requires human participation.
  • the electric control adopts the motor or the sensor, which leads to an increase in cost.
  • the device adopts a cam, a compression spring, a gasket and a lock linkage device when the mode is switched, and the control is relatively accurate, and the compression spring is used to improve the sealing performance and the service life of the mechanism switch.
  • the ventilator has air volume adjustment in natural ventilation mode.
  • most of the air volume adjustment methods used are manual control or electric control.
  • Manual control cannot adjust the air intake volume in real time according to the external wind pressure.
  • Most of the electric control uses the measurement signal of the sensor to adjust the air intake amount, which is relatively expensive.
  • the invention intends to develop a device for adjusting the ventilation amount by using a mechanical negative feedback method, and without using any sensor or electric device, the air intake amount can be automatically adjusted according to the external wind pressure, so that the indoor ventilation amount is relatively constant and the indoor excessive is prevented. ventilation.
  • the device is intended to solve the above existing problems and develop a double-box ventilation purifier.
  • the present invention provides a double tank ventilation purifier that can purify fresh air and has various working modes.
  • the utility model relates to a double-box ventilation purifier, which is characterized in that the purifier is divided into a mechanical ventilation box and a natural ventilation box through a partition plate; the partition plate is provided with a mode switching mechanism, and the mechanism comprises a middle baffle and a baffle opening and closing control In the mechanism, when the middle baffle is closed, it is a single-effect natural fresh air filtering mode, a three-effect mechanical fresh air filtering mode or an indoor self-cleaning mode, and the baffle is opened as a single-effect mechanical fresh air filtering mode.
  • the natural ventilation box includes an air volume adjusting plate, a primary effect filter B and a louver air outlet B; a natural fresh air inlet is opened on the outdoor side of the natural ventilation box, and the air volume adjusting plate is fixed to the lower part of the box through the rotating shaft, and the reset state is a vertical state, and the air volume adjusting plate
  • the primary effect filter B is disposed on the upper portion, and the louver air outlet B is disposed on the indoor side of the upper casing of the primary effect filter B for adjusting the air volume and direction of the air entering the room.
  • the mechanical ventilation box includes the primary effect filter A, the indoor self-cleaning air inlet sealing door, the centrifugal fan, the medium efficiency filter, the high efficiency filter, the louver air outlet A; the mechanical ventilation box opens the mechanical fresh air inlet on the lower side of the mechanical ventilation box, and the mechanical wind fresh air inlet in the box body
  • the primary filter A, the centrifugal fan, the medium efficiency filter and the high efficiency filter are arranged in the side; the indoor self-cleaning air inlet sealing door is opened on the indoor side between the primary effect filter and the centrifugal fan, and is used for switching the indoor self-cleaning mode for efficient filtration.
  • the louver tuyere A is arranged on the indoor side of the upper box to adjust the air volume and direction of the air entering the room; an external door for replacing the filter is arranged in front of each filter.
  • the mode switching mechanism is disposed at an upper portion of the natural ventilation box primary effect filter B, and is located between the centrifugal fan of the mechanical ventilation box and the intermediate effect filter, and adopts manual or electric control to open and close the intermediate baffle.
  • the opening and closing control mechanism includes a cam, a cam rotating shaft, a straight spring, a screw, a spring lock, a limit stop, a spring piece and a handle;
  • the cam is fixed on the cam rotating shaft, and rotates together with the middle baffle when the cam is not rotated
  • the cam rotating shaft is disposed on one side of the natural ventilation box parallel to the middle baffle, one end of the cam rotating shaft is fixed on the outdoor end casing of the ventilator, and the other end is connected to the handle through the inner end casing of the ventilator, the handle is on the handle
  • the spring lock and the elastic piece are arranged to cooperate with the limit stop on the outer side of the indoor end of the ventilator for adjusting the rotation angle of the cam;
  • the screw is perpendicular to the middle baffle, is
  • the reset state of the air volume adjusting plate is a vertical state.
  • the center of gravity of the air volume adjusting plate is located at a lower portion of the rotating shaft, and the lower portion of the rotating shaft of the air volume adjusting plate is located at the air inlet, and the rotating shaft defines the rotating angle of the air volume adjusting plate to be 0. ⁇ 90 degrees.
  • the air volume adjusting plate is in the vertical state when it is reset, and swings to different positions with the wind pressure.
  • a mode switching method for a double tank ventilation purifier characterized in that
  • the single-effect natural fresh air filtering mode the outdoor air enters through the natural fresh air inlet, passes through the air volume adjusting plate and the primary effect filter in turn, and is sent into the room through the louver air outlet on the side of the natural ventilation box; the centrifugal fan, the middle baffle and the indoor self-cleaning
  • the air inlet sealing door is closed; it is suitable for light pollution of outdoor air and when the meteorological wind speed is large.
  • the three-effect mechanical fresh air filtering mode the outdoor air enters through the mechanical fresh air inlet, passes through the primary, middle and high-efficiency filters in turn under the action of the centrifugal fan, and then enters into the room through the louver tuyere on the mechanical ventilation box side; the middle baffle And the indoor self-cleaning air inlet sealing door is closed; it is suitable for outdoor air and heavy pollution.
  • the single-effect mechanical fresh air filtering mode the outdoor air enters through the mechanical fresh air inlet, and passes through the primary effect filter under the action of the centrifugal fan, and the intermediate baffle between the intermediate effect filter and the fan is opened, due to the mechanical ventilation box
  • the upper middle and high efficiency filter has a large resistance, so when the baffle is opened, the air enters the natural ventilation box from the mechanical ventilation box, and then is sent into the room, and the indoor self-cleaning air inlet sealing door is closed; suitable for outdoor air light pollution , but does not have natural ventilation or when you need to quickly ventilate the room.
  • the indoor self-cleaning mode in this mode, the self-cleaning air inlet sealing door of the ventilation purifier is opened, the centrifugal fan is turned on, and the middle baffle is closed. Since the centrifugal fan has a primary filter at the lower part, the resistance is relatively large, so most of the fan The air is sucked from the inside, and then through the medium and high-efficiency filter, the air is sent into the room through the louver tuyere on the side of the mechanical ventilation box to form an indoor circulation. It is suitable for indoor air when the cleanliness is poor and it is not suitable for introducing fresh air.
  • Double-box ventilator can provide different usage modes according to indoor and outdoor air quality conditions and meteorological parameters.
  • Meteorological parameters mainly include outdoor meteorological wind speed.
  • a single-effect natural fresh air can be used, and the outdoor air can be filtered by the primary filter to achieve the indoor air cleanliness requirement; when the outdoor air cleanliness is poor, The three-effect mechanical fresh air mode can effectively purify the outdoor fresh air, and the PM2.5 purification efficiency can reach over 98%.
  • the outdoor air is in mild pollution, but the wind speed is small or needs to be quickly ventilated indoors, single-effect mechanical fresh air can be adopted.
  • the indoor self-cleaning mode is adopted to circulate and filter the indoor air.
  • a variety of usage modes make the ventilator more energy efficient and efficient.
  • the single-effect filtration mode can be adopted to prolong the service life of the medium and high-efficiency filter, and also obtain a large ventilation volume under the action of the fan. Natural fresh air filtration is used in areas with large outdoor wind speeds to reduce ventilation energy consumption.
  • Figure 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a double tank ventilation purifier.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side view of the interior of a double tank ventilation purifier.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic overall view of the outdoor side of a double tank ventilation purifier.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the intermediate baffle and the spring as a whole.
  • Figure 5 (a) is a side view of the middle flap when closed.
  • Figure 5 (b) is a side view of the middle flap when it is opened.
  • Fig. 6(a) is a plan view showing when the intermediate shutter is closed.
  • Fig. 6(b) is a plan view showing when the intermediate shutter is opened.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the rotation of the handle to drive the cam.
  • Figure 8 (a) is a schematic view of the entire handle portion when the shutter is closed.
  • Figure 8(b) is a schematic view of the entire handle portion when the shutter is opened.
  • Figure 9 (a) is a side view of the handle portion when the shutter is closed.
  • Figure 9 (b) is a side view of the handle portion when the shutter is opened.
  • Figure 10 is a side elevational view of a single effect natural fresh air filtration mode.
  • Figure 11 is a forward schematic diagram of a single-effect natural fresh air filtration mode.
  • Figure 12 is a side elevational view of a three-way mechanical fresh air filtration mode.
  • Figure 13 is a forward schematic view of a three-way mechanical fresh air filtration mode.
  • Figure 14 is a forward schematic view of a single effect mechanical fresh air filtration mode.
  • Figure 15 is a side elevational view of the indoor self-cleaning mode.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the forward direction of the indoor self-cleaning mode.
  • FIG. 1 A specific embodiment of a double tank ventilation purifier is shown in Figs.
  • the ventilator is divided into two boxes by an intermediate partition. Viewed from the inside, the double-box ventilator contains a mechanical ventilation box on the left and a natural ventilation box on the right.
  • the mechanical ventilation box includes a mechanical fresh air inlet 17, a primary effect filter A1, a centrifugal fan 3, a medium efficiency filter 4, a high efficiency filter 5, and a louver air outlet A6 in order from bottom to top.
  • the natural ventilation box includes, in order from bottom to top, a natural fresh air inlet 16, an air volume adjusting plate 9, an initial effect filter B8, and a louver air outlet B7.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the intermediate baffle and the spring as a whole.
  • the upper portion of the intermediate baffle 21 is fixed to the baffle rotating shaft 22 so as to be rotatable therearound.
  • a torsion spring 18 is disposed on the rotating shaft of the shutter.
  • the torsion spring 18 is in a stretched state when the shutter is closed to enhance the sealing of the upper portion of the shutter.
  • a gasket 20 is disposed between the baffle and the intermediate partition plate of the ventilator.
  • Fig. 5(a) and Fig. 5(b) are side views of the intermediate baffle being closed and opened
  • Figs. 6(a) and 6(b) are plan views showing the intermediate baffle being closed and opened.
  • the middle baffle 21 is located between the centrifugal fan and the intermediate effect filter in the mechanical ventilation box, and two straight springs 23 are fixed on the baffle plate, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the screw 25, and the cam 22 and the cam rotating shaft 26 are located in the natural ventilation.
  • the limit nut 24 can adjust the degree of compression of the straight spring 23. When the baffle is closed, adjusting the limit nut 24 causes the spring to be in a compressed state, which enhances the sealing of the baffle. When the mode is switched, the cam rotation causes the intermediate flap 21 to open.
  • double-row springs and cams makes the structure more stable and the sealing effect is better.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the rotation of the handle to drive the cam.
  • the two cams 22 are fixed to the cam rotating shaft 27 so that the cam 17 can rotate therewith.
  • Controlling the handle 25 at the indoor end can drive the rotation of the cam rotating shaft 27.
  • Fig. 8(a) and Fig. 8(b) are schematic views showing the entire handle portion when the shutter is closed and opened. The rotated cam is locked by the limit stop 30.
  • Fig. 9 (a) and Fig. 9 (b) are side views of the handle portion when the shutter is closed and opened.
  • the torsion spring latch 29 allows the elastic piece 31 to be telescoped. As shown in the left side view, when the elastic piece is retracted, the handle 28 can be rotated. When rotated to a proper position, the spring lock 29 is twisted again to extend the elastic piece 31 for locking. .
  • FIG 10 and Figure 11 are schematic diagrams of a single-effect natural fresh air filtration mode.
  • Single-effect natural fresh air filtration is suitable when the outdoor air is slightly polluted and the outdoor meteorological wind speed is large.
  • the middle baffle is closed, the outdoor air enters through the natural fresh air inlet 16, and the air volume entering the room is adjusted by the air volume adjusting plate 9, and then passes through the primary effect filter B8, and passes through the natural ventilation box side louver air outlet B7. Air is sent indoors.
  • FIG 12 and Figure 13 are schematic diagrams of the three-effect mechanical fresh air filtration mode.
  • Three-effect mechanical fresh air filtration is suitable when the outdoor air is in moderate or heavy pollution.
  • the middle baffle is closed.
  • the centrifugal fan 3 the outdoor air enters through the mechanical fresh air inlet 17, and is filtered through the primary, middle and high efficiency filters in turn, and then sent into the room through the louver air outlet A6 on the side of the mechanical ventilation box. .
  • FIG 14 is a schematic diagram of a single-effect mechanical fresh air filtration mode.
  • Single-effect mechanical fresh air filtration is suitable for mild outdoor air pollution, but when outdoor weather wind speed is small or when indoor ventilation is required.
  • the intermediate baffle 21 is opened.
  • the outdoor air enters through the mechanical fresh air inlet, first through the primary effect filter A1, due to the medium and high efficiency filter on the upper part of the mechanical ventilation box.
  • the resistance is large, so when the baffle is opened, most of the air enters the natural ventilation box from the mechanical ventilation box.
  • the downward ventilation resistance of the air is greater than the resistance of the upward movement. Therefore, the outdoor fresh air enters the room from the louvered air outlet B7 on the side of the natural ventilation box.
  • FIG 15 is a schematic diagram of the indoor self-cleaning mode.
  • the indoor self-cleaning mode is suitable for indoor air cleanliness and is not suitable for outdoor ventilation.
  • the middle baffle 21 is closed, the indoor self-cleaning air inlet sealing door 2 is opened, and the centrifugal fan 3 is turned on at the same time. Since the lower part of the fan has the primary effect filter A1, the resistance is relatively large. Therefore, when the indoor self-cleaning air inlet sealing door is opened, most of the fan is sucked from the indoor air, and after being filtered by the medium and high efficiency filter, the fan enters the room from the louver air outlet A6 at the mechanical ventilation box end.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

一种双箱体通风净化器，该通风净化器通过隔板分为机械通风箱和自然通风箱，隔板上设有模式切换机构。通风器具有多种使用模式，可根据室外气象风速大小选择自然或机械驱动模式，根据室外空气污染程度选择单效或多效净化过滤。隔板上的模式切换机构可旁通中效过滤器（4）、高效过滤器（5），实现单效和多效机械新风模式间切换。当需快速去除室内污染源时，可开启室内自净引风口密封门（2），通过旁通机械通风箱内的初效过滤器A（1），由风机（3）驱动中效过滤器（4）、高效过滤器（5）进行室内自净。

Description

一种双箱体通风净化器 技术领域
本发明属于室内空气净化及室内通风领域，具体涉及一种多模式下的通风净化器。
 背景技术
建筑物必须有良好的通风。然而当前建筑中使用的不达标建材及室内涂料所释放的大量污染物，致使室内有害气体超标的风险很大，对室内通风的需求更高。但由于雾霾天气的存在，直接向室内引入新风，就会把室外污染引入室内。因此需开发一种既可引入新风，又能对新风进行过滤净化的通风装置，从而有效提升室内空气品质。
目前现有的新风设备大多采用高效过滤、即使用初、中、高效过滤器或单独采用高效过滤器对室外新风过滤，且只具有一种使用模式。这种现有设备虽具有很高的净化效率，但往往使用寿命较短。中、高效过滤器很容易达到报废状态。同时由于初、中、高效过滤器的存在使得通风阻力较大，通风量相对较小，不能对室内进行快速通风。本发明将开发具有多种使用模式的通风净化器，在室外空气处于中、重度污染时仍采用三效过滤器对室外新风进行净化；而在室外空气处于轻度污染时，仅采用一个初效过滤器即可使室内空气质量达标，也可延长中高效过滤器的使用寿命、增大通风量；同时也具有自然通风模式，可在风速较大的天气对室内进行通风，且具有初效过滤，该模式也可节约风机能耗；且具有室内自净模式，在某些特定的时段内当无需引入新风时，可对室内空气进行循环过滤。
通风器采用转动挡板来进行模式切换。现有挡板开闭转动装置采用手动或电动控制，手动控制较为简洁但需要人的参与，电动控制采用电机或传感器会导致成本增加。本装置在模式切换时采用凸轮、压缩弹簧、密封垫和锁扣联动装置，控制较为准确、采用压缩弹簧提升了机构开关的密封性能和使用寿命。
通风器在自然通风模式下具备风量调节功能。目前使用的风量调节手段，大多是手动控制或电控制，手动控制不能根据外界风压大小对进风量进行实时调节，而电控制大多利用传感器的测量信号来调节进风量，较为昂贵。本发明拟开发一种利用机械负反馈的方法来调节通风量的装置，不采用任何传感器或电动装置，即可根据外界风压大小自动调节进风量，使室内通风量保持相对恒定，防止室内过度通风。
本装置意在对以上几处目前存在的问题进行解决，开发一种双箱体通风净化器。
 技术问题
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种可净化新风且具有多种工作模式的双箱体通风净化器。
 技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种双箱体通风净化器，其特征在于，该净化器通过隔板分为机械通风箱和自然通风箱；隔板上设有模式切换机构，该机构包括中间挡板以及挡板开闭控制机构，中间挡板关闭时为单效自然新风过滤模式、三效机械新风过滤模式或者室内自净模式，挡板开启时为单效机械新风过滤模式。
自然通风箱包括风量调节板、初效过滤器B和百叶风口B；自然通风箱下部室外侧开设自然新风入口，风量调节板通过转轴固定于箱体下部，复位状态为竖直状态，风量调节板上部设置初效过滤器B，初效过滤器B上部箱体室内侧设置百叶风口B，用于对进入室内的空气进行风量大小及方向的调节。
机械通风箱包括初效过滤器A、室内自净引风口密封门、离心风机、中效过滤器、高效过滤器、百叶风口A；机械通风箱下部室外侧开设机械新风入口，箱体内机械新风入口上侧依次设置初效过滤器A、离心风机、中效过滤器和高效过滤器；室内自净引风口密封门开设于初效过滤器与离心风机之间的室内侧，用于切换室内自净模式高效过滤器上部箱体室内侧设置百叶风口A，用于对进入室内的空气进行风量大小及方向的调节；各过滤器前设置有更换过滤器用的外门。
所述模式切换机构设置于自然通风箱初效过滤器B的上部，同时位于机械通风箱的离心风机与中效过滤器之间位置，采用手动或电动控制中间挡板的开闭状态。
进一步地，所述模式切换机构的中间挡板通过挡板转动轴配合扭簧固定于中间隔板开设的通风口处，通风口边缘设置密封垫，确保中间挡板关闭时密封；所述挡板开闭控制机构包括凸轮、凸轮转动轴、直弹簧、螺杆、弹簧锁扣、限位挡块、弹片和把手；凸轮固定于凸轮转动轴上，随其一同转动，凸轮未转动时中间挡板处于关闭状态，凸轮转动轴平行于中间挡板设置于自然通风箱体一侧，凸轮转动轴一端固定于通风器室外端壳体上，另一端穿过通风器室内端壳体与把手相连，把手上设置弹簧锁扣及弹片，与位于通风器室内端壳体外侧的限位挡块配合，用于调节凸轮转动角度；所述螺杆垂直于中间挡板，设置于机械通风箱体一侧，螺杆一端固定在箱体壁面上，另一端外套直弹簧，并通过限位螺母定位弹簧位置，直弹簧另一端压紧中间挡板。
进一步地，所述风量调节板的复位状态为竖直状态，此时风量调节板的重心位于转轴的下部，风量调节板的转轴以下部分位于进风口处，转轴限定风量调节板的转动角度为0～90度。以保证在无风或微风时，风量调节板复位时处于竖直状态，同时随风压大小摆动到不同的位置，当风量调节板处于竖直位置时，风道的通流面积最大，通风量最大；当风量调节板处于水平位置时，风道的通流面积最小，此时几乎不进行通风。
进一步地，所述的低、中、高效过滤器的通风阻力依次增大。
一种双箱体通风净化器的模式切换方法，其特征在于，
所述的单效自然新风过滤模式：室外空气经自然新风入口进入，依次通过风量调节板和初效过滤器，经自然通风箱侧的百叶风口送入室内；离心风机、中间挡板和室内自净引风口密封门处于关闭状态；适用于室外空气轻度污染，且气象风速较大时。
所述的三效机械新风过滤模式：室外空气经机械新风入口进入，在离心风机的作用下依次通过初、中、高效过滤器，之后经机械通风箱侧的百叶风口送入室内；中间挡板和室内自净引风口密封门处于关闭状态；适用于室外空气中、重度污染时。
所述的单效机械新风过滤模式：室外空气经机械新风入口进入，在离心风机的作用下先通过初效过滤器，位于中效过滤器与风机之间的中间挡板开启，由于机械通风箱上部的中、高效过滤器阻力较大，所以当挡板开启时，空气从机械通风箱进入自然通风箱，之后送入室内，室内自净引风口密封门处于关闭状态；适用于室外空气轻度污染，但不具备自然通风条件或需对室内进行快速通风时。
所述的室内自净模式：此模式通风净化器室内自净引风口密封门开启，开启离心风机，中间挡板处于关闭状态，由于离心风机下部具有初效过滤器，阻力相对较大，所以风机大部分从室内吸风，之后经中、高效过滤器，通过机械通风箱侧的百叶风口将空气送入室内，形成室内循环。适用于室内空气洁净度较差且不适宜引入新风时。
 有益效果
本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、双箱体通风器可根据室内外空气质量情况及气象参数提供不同的使用模式，气象参数主要包括室外气象风速。当室外空气处于轻度污染，且室外气象风速较大时，可采用单效自然新风，室外空气经初效过滤器过滤后即可达到室内空气洁净度要求；在室外空气洁净度较差时，采用三效机械新风模式可高效净化室外新风，PM2.5净化效率可达98%以上；当室外空气处于轻度污染，但风速较小或需对室内进行快速通风时，可采用单效机械新风；而当在室内空气质量较差,且不宜与外界进行通风时，采用室内自净模式，对室内空气进行循环过滤。具有多种使用模式使得通风净化器更加节能、高效。
2、当室外轻度污染时可采用单效过滤模式，延长中、高效过滤器的使用寿命，也可在风机的作用下获得较大的通风量。室外风速较大地区使用自然新风过滤，可减少通风能耗。
3、在自然通风箱侧安装一个初效过滤器，不仅能够对室外新风进行初步净化，而且在进行单效机械新风模式时，当室外新风进行自然通风箱，由于使用该初效过滤器使得下部阻力相对较大，可防止空气出现倒流而流向室外的现象。同样在进行室内自净模式时，由于离心风机下部同样存在一个初效过滤器，使得在室内自净引风口密封门开启时，由于下部存在初效过滤器使得通风阻力增大，风机会大部分从室内吸风，之后再经中、高效过滤器净化后送入室内。上述两个设计可减少密封挡板的使用，降低成本的同时也简化了通风器的结构。
4、采用两个箱体对通风器的模式进行切换能够保证各模式间不相互影响，大幅较小了通风器的尺寸，模式切换更加简易、效果更加明显。
 附图说明
图1是一种双箱体通风净化器室内侧剖视图。
图2是一种双箱体通风净化器室内侧非剖视图。
图3是一种双箱体通风净化器室外侧整体示意图。
图4是中间挡板与弹簧整体示意图。
图5（a）是中间挡板关闭时的侧视图。
图5（b）是中间挡板开启时的侧视图。
图6（a）是中间挡板关闭时的俯视图。
图6（b）是中间挡板开启时的俯视图。
图7是手柄带动凸轮转动示意图。
图8（a） 是挡板关闭时把手部位整体示意图。
图8（b） 是挡板开启时把手部位整体示意图。
图9（a）是挡板关闭时把手部位侧视图。
图9（b）是挡板开启时把手部位侧视图。
图10是单效自然新风过滤模式侧向示意图。
图11是单效自然新风过滤模式正向示意图。
图12是三效机械新风过滤模式侧向示意图。
图13是三效机械新风过滤模式正向示意图。
图14是单效机械新风过滤模式正向示意图。
图15是室内自净模式侧向示意图。
图16是室内自净模式正向示意图。
图中：1初效过滤器A；2室内自净引风口密封门；3离心风机；4中效过滤器；5高效过滤器；6百叶风口A；7百叶风口B；8初效过滤器B；9风量调节板；10初效过滤器A外门；11中效过滤器外门；12高效过滤器外门；13初效过滤器B外门；14室内自净引风口密封门百叶风口；15雨搭；16自然新风入口；17机械新风入口；18扭簧；19挡板转动轴；20密封垫；21中间挡板；22凸轮；23直弹簧；24限位螺母；25螺杆；26通风器侧壁；27凸轮转动轴；28把手；29弹簧锁扣；30限位挡块；31弹片。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行作详细描述。
一种双箱体通风净化器具体实施方式如图1、2所示。通风器由中间分隔板将其分为两个箱体。从室内侧看，双箱体通风器包含左侧机械通风箱和右侧的自然通风箱。机械通风箱从下到上依次包括机械新风入口17、初效过滤器A1、离心风机3、中效过滤器4、高效过滤器5以及百叶风口A6。自然通风箱从下到上依次包括自然新风入口16、风量调节板9、初效过滤器B8以及百叶风口B7。
图4为中间挡板与弹簧整体示意图。中间挡板21上部固定于挡板转动轴22上，可绕其进行转动。同时在挡板转动轴上设置有扭簧18。扭簧18在挡板关闭时处于拉伸状态，以加强挡板上部分的密封性。挡板与通风器中间分隔板间设有密封垫20。图5（a）和图5（b）是中间挡板关闭、开启侧视图，图6（a）和图6（b）为中间挡板关闭、开启俯视图。位于左侧为挡板关闭侧视图和俯视图，右侧为挡板开启侧视图和俯视图。中间挡板21位于机械通风箱内离心风机与中效过滤器之间，同时挡板上固定有两根直弹簧23，弹簧另一端固定于螺杆25上，凸轮22及凸轮转动轴26位于自然通风箱内。限位螺母24可以调节直弹簧23的压缩程度。在挡板关闭时，调节限位螺母24使弹簧处于压缩状态，可增强挡板的密封性。在进行模式切换时，凸轮转动可使中间挡板21开启。采用双排弹簧及凸轮，可使结构更加稳定，密封效果更好。
图7 为手柄带动凸轮转动示意图。将两个凸轮22固定于凸轮转动轴27上，使得凸轮17可随其一起转动。在室内端控制把手25即可带动凸轮转动轴27的转动。图8（a）和图8（b）为挡板关闭、开启时，把手部位整体示意图。通过限位挡块30来锁住转动后的凸轮。图9（a）和图9（b）为挡板关闭、开启时，把手部位侧视图。扭拽弹簧锁扣29可使弹片31进行伸缩，如左侧图，当弹片收缩时，可转动把手28，当转动到合适位置时，再次扭拽弹簧锁扣29，使弹片31伸开进行锁定。
图10、图11为单效自然新风过滤模式示意图。单效自然新风过滤适用于室外空气处于轻度污染且室外气象风速较大时。如图所示，此模式下中间挡板关闭，室外空气经自然新风入口16进入，经风量调节板9调节进入室内的风量、之后通过初效过滤器B8，经自然通风箱侧百叶风口B7将空气送入室内。
图12、图13为三效机械新风过滤模式示意图。三效机械新风过滤适用于室外空气处于中、重度污染时。此模式下中间挡板关闭，在离心风机3的作用下，室外空气经机械新风入口17进入，依次通过初、中、高效过滤器进行过滤，之后经机械通风箱侧的百叶风口A6送入室内。
图14为单效机械新风过滤模式示意图。单效机械新风过滤适用于室外空气轻度污染，但室外气象风速较小时或需对室内进行快速通风时。如图所示，运行该模式时中间挡板21开启，在离心风机3的作用下，室外空气经机械新风入口进入，首先通过初效过滤器A1，由于机械通风箱上部的中、高效过滤器阻力较大，所以当挡板开启时，大部分空气从机械通风箱进入自然通风箱，进入自然通风箱后，由于下部具有初效过滤器B8，空气向下的通风阻力大于其向上运动的阻力，所以室外新风从自然通风箱侧的百叶风口B7进入室内。
图15为室内自净模式示意图。室内自净模式适用于室内空气洁净度较差，且不宜进行室外通风时。中间挡板21关闭、室内自净引风口密封门2开启，同时开启离心风机3，由于风机下部具有初效过滤器A1，阻力相对较大。所以当室内自净引风口密封门开启时，风机大部分从室内吸风，经中、高效过滤器过滤后，从机械通风箱端的百叶风口A6进入室内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种双箱体通风净化器，其特征在于，该净化器通过隔板分为机械通风箱和自然通风箱；隔板上设有模式切换机构，该机构包括中间挡板以及挡板开闭控制机构，中间挡板关闭时为单效自然新风过滤模式、三效机械新风过滤模式或者室内自净模式，挡板开启时为单效机械新风过滤模式；   
    自然通风箱包括风量调节板、初效过滤器B和百叶风口B；自然通风箱下部室外侧开设自然新风入口，风量调节板通过转轴固定于箱体下部，风量调节板上部设置初效过滤器B，初效过滤器B上部箱体室内侧设置百叶风口B；
    机械通风箱包括初效过滤器A、室内自净引风口密封门、离心风机、中效过滤器、高效过滤器、百叶风口A；机械通风箱下部室外侧开设机械新风入口，箱体内机械新风入口上侧依次设置初效过滤器A、离心风机、中效过滤器和高效过滤器；室内自净引风口密封门开设于初效过滤器与离心风机之间的室内侧；高效过滤器上部箱体室内侧设置百叶风口A；
    所述模式切换机构设置于自然通风箱初效过滤器B的上部，同时位于机械通风箱的离心风机与中效过滤器之间位置，采用手动或电动控制中间挡板的开闭状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种双箱体通风净化器，其特征在于，所述模式切换机构的中间挡板通过挡板转动轴配合扭簧固定于中间隔板开设的通风口处，通风口边缘设置密封垫，确保中间挡板关闭时密封；
    所述挡板开闭控制机构包括凸轮、凸轮转动轴、直弹簧、螺杆、弹簧锁扣、限位挡块、弹片和把手；凸轮固定于凸轮转动轴上，随其一同转动，凸轮未转动时与中间挡板接触，凸轮转动轴平行于中间挡板设置于自然通风箱体一侧，凸轮转动轴一端固定于通风器室外端壳体上，另一端穿过通风器室内端壳体与把手相连，把手上设置弹簧锁扣及弹片，与位于通风器室内端壳体外侧的限位挡块配合，用于调节凸轮转动角度；所述螺杆垂直于中间挡板，设置于机械通风箱体一侧，螺杆一端固定在箱体壁面上，另一端外套直弹簧，并通过限位螺母定位弹簧位置，直弹簧另一端压紧中间挡板。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种双箱体通风净化器，其特征在于，所述风量调节板的复位状态为竖直状态，此时风量调节板的重心位于转轴的下部，风量调节板的转轴以下部分位于进风口处，转轴限定风量调节板的转动角度为0～90度。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种双箱体通风净化器，其特征在于，所述的低、中、高效过滤器的通风阻力依次增大、净化效率依次增高。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种双箱体通风净化器，其特征在于，所述的低、中、高效过滤器的通风阻力依次增大、净化效率依次增高。
  6. 权利要求1-5任一一种双箱体通风净化器的模式切换方法，其特征在于，
    所述的单效自然新风过滤模式：室外空气经自然新风入口进入，依次通过风量调节板和初效过滤器，经自然通风箱侧的百叶风口送入室内；离心风机、中间挡板和室内自净引风口密封门处于关闭状态；
    所述的三效机械新风过滤模式：室外空气经机械新风入口进入，在离心风机的作用下依次通过初、中、高效过滤器，之后经机械通风箱侧的百叶风口送入室内；中间挡板和室内自净引风口密封门处于关闭状态；
    所述的单效机械新风过滤模式：室外空气经机械新风入口进入，在离心风机的作用下先通过初效过滤器，位于中效过滤器与风机之间的中间挡板开启，空气从机械通风箱进入自然通风箱，之后送入室内，室内自净引风口密封门处于关闭状态；
    所述的室内自净模式：此模式通风净化器室内自净引风口密封门开启，开启离心风机，中间挡板处于关闭状态，风机从室内吸风，之后经中、高效过滤器，通过机械通风箱侧的百叶风口将空气送入室内，形成室内空气自洁净循环。
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