WO2019010727A1 - 一种发声装置、模组以及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种发声装置、模组以及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019010727A1
WO2019010727A1 PCT/CN2017/094741 CN2017094741W WO2019010727A1 WO 2019010727 A1 WO2019010727 A1 WO 2019010727A1 CN 2017094741 W CN2017094741 W CN 2017094741W WO 2019010727 A1 WO2019010727 A1 WO 2019010727A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polypropylene film
metal electrode
sounding device
electrode layer
support structure
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PCT/CN2017/094741
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邵明辉
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019010727A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019010727A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/025—Diaphragms comprising polymeric materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electroacoustic technology, and more particularly to a sound emitting device, a module and an electronic device.
  • Dynamic micro-sounding devices have been widely used in consumer electronics.
  • a speaker or a receiver in an electronic device such as a smartphone or a tablet.
  • the moving coil type micro sounding device includes a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system, and the vibration system includes a voice coil and a diaphragm fixed together.
  • the magnetic circuit system can generate a magnetic gap as a driving force source.
  • the voice coil with the signal is subjected to the Lorentz force to drive the diaphragm to vibrate together, thereby radiating the sound wave.
  • the dynamic micro-sounding device is mature in technology and can obtain warmer sound. However, it requires a magnetic circuit system as a driving source, so it still needs to occupy a certain volume.
  • a sounding device comprises: a polypropylene film having a plurality of flat high-strength holes in the interior thereof, the holes being arranged in a honeycomb shape inside the polypropylene film, the polypropylene film being configured to be Charging polarization is performed in a strong electric field environment to form permanent positive and negative charges in the holes; metal electrode layers respectively disposed on both side surfaces of the polypropylene film, the polypropylene film being configured to be When the metal electrode layer turns on the varying voltage signal, it can reciprocally vibrate in the thickness direction thereof.
  • the metal electrode layer is a gold, copper nickel alloy, aluminum or silver electrode.
  • the metal electrode layer is magnetron sputtered or vacuum evaporated or screen printed on the surface of both sides of the polypropylene film.
  • a wire for inputting a signal is drawn on the metal electrode layer.
  • a flexible circuit board is electrically connected to the metal electrode layer.
  • the polypropylene film between the two metal electrode layers has a single layer structure.
  • the polypropylene film between the two metal electrode layers is a folded laminated multilayer structure.
  • a sounding device module includes: the sounding device; a support structure, the sounding device assembly is fixed on the support structure, and the support structure is located on a circumferential side of the polypropylene film.
  • an electronic device includes: the sounding device module; a housing, and the housing is assembled with a support structure in the sounding device module.
  • a front acoustic cavity is formed between the polypropylene film and the housing, and an acoustic hole communicating with the front acoustic cavity is disposed on a wall of the housing.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that the existing moving coil type micro-sounding device requires a magnetic circuit system as a driving source and still needs to occupy a certain volume.
  • the thickness of electronic devices such as smart phones is getting thinner and thinner, and the space reserved for speakers or receivers is getting smaller and smaller. This inevitably leads to further reduction of the physical vibration space of the product, which ultimately affects the maximum acoustic output of the moving coil type micro-sounding device in the low frequency band. Therefore, the technical task to be achieved by the present invention or the technical problem to be solved is not thought of or expected by those skilled in the art, so the present invention is a new technical solution.
  • the sound emitting device, the module, and the electronic device provided by the present invention after the polypropylene film is charged and polarized, a permanent positive and negative charge is formed in the inner cavity.
  • the interior of the polypropylene film has a plurality of flat, high-strength holes. Numerous holes are arranged in a honeycomb shape inside the polypropylene film. When the metal electrode layer turns on a varying voltage signal, the polypropylene film can reciprocally vibrate in the thickness direction thereof.
  • Numerous flat holes are arranged in a honeycomb shape to ensure that the polypropylene film is sufficiently sensitive to withstand small vibrations such as sound signals, and to ensure a flexible working range under high pressure.
  • the sounding device assembly does not require a magnetic circuit system as a driving source, and can generate vibration by its own piezoelectric characteristics when a varying voltage signal is turned on.
  • the structure is simple and light.
  • the sounding device module includes the sounding device assembly and a support structure.
  • the sounding device module can be directly assembled and used with the housing portion of the electronic device, and can fully utilize the available space in the electronic device to ensure the maximum sound output of the sounding device component in the low frequency band.
  • FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of a polypropylene film provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sound emitting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sound emitting device module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 sounding device
  • 10 polypropylene film: 100: hole
  • 11 metal electrode layer
  • 2 electrical connector
  • 3 support structure
  • 4 housing
  • 40 front wall
  • 41 side wall
  • 6 front sound cavity.
  • the sounding device 1 includes a polypropylene film 10 and a metal electrode layer 11.
  • the inside of the polypropylene film 10 has a plurality of holes 100.
  • the hole 100 in the polypropylene film 10 is flat, and the hole 100 in the polypropylene film 10 has high strength.
  • the holes 100 are arranged in a honeycomb shape inside the polypropylene film 10.
  • Fig. 1 shows an electron micrograph of a polypropylene film 10 in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the holes 100 in the polypropylene film 10 are relatively bulky, and the plurality of bulky holes 100 can be pressed against each other to deform the polypropylene film 10.
  • the hole 100 has high strength and is not susceptible to permanent deformation and fracture.
  • the polypropylene film 10 is charged and polarized in a strong electric field to form a permanent positive and negative charge in the hole 100.
  • the metal electrode layers 11 are respectively disposed on both side surfaces of the polypropylene film 10 to apply varying voltages on both sides of the polypropylene film 10.
  • the positive and negative charges are stored in the hole 100, and when a varying voltage is applied to the metal electrode layer 11 on both sides of the polypropylene film 10, the polarized polypropylene film 10 undergoes a corresponding change in the thickness direction ( In the thickness direction, the change acts to generate a corresponding sound pressure signal in the air to achieve the purpose of sound generation.
  • the inside of the polypropylene film 10 has a plurality of flat and high-strength holes 100.
  • the plurality of holes 100 are arranged in a honeycomb shape inside the polypropylene film 10, and are relatively bulky.
  • the hole 100 has a positive and negative charge.
  • the polypropylene film 10 can reciprocally vibrate in the thickness direction thereof when the metal electrode layer 11 turns on a varying voltage signal.
  • the plurality of holes 100 are arranged in a honeycomb shape inside the polypropylene film 10, which is relatively fluffy. It can ensure that the polypropylene film 10 has a high enough sensitivity when subjected to small vibrations such as sound signals, and can also ensure a flexible working range under a large pressure.
  • the sounding device 1 of the present invention uses a polypropylene film 10 as a piezoelectric film, and the polypropylene film 10 is a novel piezoelectric material. Compared with the PVDF piezoelectric film in the prior art, the piezoelectric charge coefficient thereof is required. It is more than 10 times higher, its size, size and shape can be cut freely without any restrictions, and it will not damage its internal structure due to cutting. In addition, the polypropylene film 10 has the characteristics of light and ultra-thin, which can be bent and folded.
  • the thinnest can reach a thickness of 0.07 mm, so even if it is a multilayer stack, the thickness is much smaller than the thickness of the vibrating membrane in the prior art; in addition, the polypropylene film 10 can withstand long-term, repeated, high-strength impact loads. The function does not fail, ensuring the reliability of the product and prolonging the service life. It has to be mentioned that although the polypropylene film 10 has many of the above advantages, its cost is low, and the manufacturing cost of the product to which the material is applied can be reduced.
  • the piezoelectric thin film sounding device 1 does not require a magnetic circuit system as a driving source, and can generate vibration by its own piezoelectric characteristics when a varying voltage signal is turned on.
  • the structure is simple and light.
  • the metal electrode layer 11 is used to apply a varying voltage across the polypropylene film 10.
  • the specific material of the metal electrode layer 11 may be various.
  • the metal electrode layer 11 is a gold, a copper-nickel alloy, an aluminum, a silver electrode, or another metal electrode layer.
  • the metal electrode layer 11 may be provided on the surface of the polypropylene film 10 in a plurality of ways.
  • the metal electrode layer 11 may be magnetron sputtered on the surfaces of both sides of the polypropylene film 10.
  • the metal electrode layer 11 may be vacuum-deposited on the surfaces of both sides of the polypropylene film 10.
  • the metal electrode layer 11 may be screen printed on the surfaces of both sides of the polypropylene film 10.
  • the metal electrode layer 11 is used to apply a varying voltage across the polypropylene film 10, and the metal electrode layer 11 is electrically connected to an external circuit.
  • the metal electrode layer 11 can be electrically connected to an external circuit through the electrical connector 2.
  • an electrical signal for inputting sound is drawn on the metal electrode layer 11. wire.
  • the number of the wires is two.
  • the metal electrode layer 11 is electrically connected to an external circuit through the wires, respectively.
  • a flexible circuit board is electrically connected to the metal electrode layer 11.
  • the metal electrode layer 11 is electrically connected to an external circuit through the flexible circuit board, respectively.
  • the polypropylene film 10 is located between the two metal electrode layers 11.
  • the specific structure of the polypropylene film 10 can be various.
  • the polypropylene film 10 between the two metal layers is a single layer structure.
  • the single-layer polypropylene film 10 can meet the needs of use.
  • the polypropylene film 10 between the two metal layers is a folded multilayer structure.
  • the sensitivity of the single-layer structure of the polypropylene film 10 may be relatively low, and the multi-layered multilayer structure can improve the sensitivity of the sounding device assembly 1.
  • a sheet of polypropylene film 10 may be bent one or more times, after which the polypropylene film 10 is laminated in multiple layers. Further, the metal electrode layer 11 is provided on both side surfaces of the multilayer polypropylene film 10.
  • the multilayer superposed polypropylene film 10 is still much thinner than the thickness of the conventional diaphragm.
  • the structure of the sounding device 1 constructed therefrom is still compact and lightweight.
  • the present invention also provides a sounding device module.
  • the sounding device module includes the sounding device 1 and the support structure 3 provided by the present invention.
  • the sounding device 1 is fixed to the support structure 3.
  • the support structure 3 is located on the circumferential side of the polypropylene film 10.
  • the sounding device assembly 1 can be thermally fixed or bonded to the support structure 3.
  • the specific structure of the support structure 3 can be various.
  • the support structure 3 may have a square or rectangular or other shaped profile that may be secured to the opposite sides of the sounding device assembly, respectively.
  • the support structure 3 may be a hard case or a sheet structure or the like.
  • the support structure 3 can be an annular structure that is hollowed out in the middle.
  • the support structure 3 surrounds the periphery of the sounding device 1.
  • the sounding device 1 is located at an intermediate hollow position of the support structure 3 and is fixed to the support structure 3.
  • the support structure 3 can also ensure that the polypropylene film 10 reciprocates in the thickness direction thereof to prevent polarization.
  • the sounding device 1 can be mounted in a corresponding electronic device via the support structure 3.
  • the sounding device module can be directly assembled with the housing portion of the consumer electronic device, and can fully utilize the available space in the electronic device to ensure the maximum sound output of the sounding device assembly 1 in the low frequency band.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device, which may be, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a smart watch, a game machine, a head mounted display device, a tablet computer, and the like.
  • the electronic device includes the sounding device module and the housing 4 provided by the invention.
  • the housing 4 is assembled with the support structure 3 in the sounding device module.
  • the housing 4 can be an outer casing of a smartphone.
  • One side of the polypropylene film 10 needs to be provided with an acoustic channel.
  • the specific structure and arrangement of the sounding channel can be various.
  • a front acoustic cavity 6 is formed between the polypropylene film 10 and the casing 4.
  • An acoustic hole 5 communicating with the front acoustic chamber 6 is provided on the wall of the casing 4.
  • the housing 4 may have or be approximately a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • the housing 4 includes a front wall 40 and a side wall 41 on one side of the front wall 40.
  • the front acoustic cavity 6 is formed between the polypropylene film 10 and the front wall 40.
  • the sound hole 5 is a through hole provided on the side wall 41.
  • the specific structure of the support structure 3 can be specifically designed according to the structure of the electronic device housing 4 and the position of the sound hole 5 to form the front sound cavity 6.
  • a rear acoustic cavity is formed on the other side of the polypropylene film 10.
  • the support structure 3 can be configured to facilitate formation of the rear acoustic cavity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发声装置、模组以及电子设备。该发声装置包括：聚丙烯薄膜，所述聚丙烯薄膜的内部具有众多扁平状的高强度孔洞，所述孔洞在所述聚丙烯薄膜内部呈蜂窝状排布，所述聚丙烯薄膜被配置为在强电场环境下进行充电极化以在所述孔洞中形成永久正负电荷；分别设置于所述聚丙烯薄膜两侧表面上的金属电极层，所述聚丙烯薄膜被配置为在所述金属电极层接通变化的电压信号时能在其厚度方向上往复振动。本发明要解决的一个问题是现有动圈式微型发声装置仍需要磁路系统作为驱动源从而导致体积较大。

Description

一种发声装置、模组以及电子设备 技术领域
本发明电声技术领域，更具体地，本发明涉及一种发声装置、模组以及电子设备。
背景技术
动圈式微型发声装置已经广泛应用于消费类电子产品中。例如，智能手机或者平板电脑等电子设备中的喇叭或者受话器等。
动圈式微型发声装置包括磁路系统和振动系统，振动系统包括固定在一起的音圈和振膜。磁路系统作为驱动力源能够产生磁间隙。通有信号的音圈受到洛仑兹力作用而带动振膜一起振动，从而辐射声波。
动圈式微型发声装置的工艺成熟，能够获得较暖的声音。但是，其需要磁路系统作为驱动源，所以仍然需要占据一定的体积。
而如今智能手机等电子设备的厚度越来越薄，预留给喇叭或者受话器的空间也越来越小。这样必然导致产品的物理振动空间进一步缩小，从而最终影响动圈式微型发声装置在低频段的最大声输出。
因此，有必要对现有微型发声装置进行改进。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种发声装置、模组以及电子设备的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种发声装置。该发声装置包括：聚丙烯薄膜，所述聚丙烯薄膜的内部具有众多扁平状的高强度孔洞，所述孔洞在所述聚丙烯薄膜内部呈蜂窝状排布，所述聚丙烯薄膜被配置为在强电场环境下进行充电极化以在所述孔洞中形成永久正负电荷；分别设置于所述聚丙烯薄膜两侧表面上的金属电极层，所述聚丙烯薄膜被配置为在所述 金属电极层接通变化的电压信号时能在其厚度方向上往复振动。
可选地，所述金属电极层为金、铜镍合金、铝或银电极。
可选地，所述金属电极层磁控溅射于或者真空蒸镀于或者丝网印刷于所述聚丙烯薄膜两侧的表面。
可选地，在所述金属电极层上引出有用于输入信号的导线。
可选地，在所述金属电极层上电连接有柔性电路板。
可选地，两个所述金属电极层之间的聚丙烯薄膜为单层结构。
可选地，两个所述金属电极层之间的聚丙烯薄膜为弯折层叠的多层结构。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种发声装置模组。该发声装置模组包括：上述发声装置；支撑结构，所述发声装置组件固定于所述支撑结构上，所述支撑结构位于所述聚丙烯薄膜的周侧。
根据本发明的第三方面，提供了一种电子设备。该电子设备包括：上述发声装置模组；壳体，所述壳体与所述发声装置模组中的支撑结构装配在一起。
可选地，在所述聚丙烯薄膜与所述壳体之间形成有前声腔，在所述壳体的壁上设有与所述前声腔连通的出声孔。
本发明的发明人发现，现有动圈式微型发声装置需要磁路系统作为驱动源，仍需要占据一定的体积。而如今的智能手机等电子设备的厚度越来越薄，预留给喇叭或者受话器的空间也越来越小。这样必然导致产品的物理振动空间进一步缩小，从而最终影响动圈式微型发声装置在低频段的最大声输出。因此，本发明所要实现的技术任务或者所要解决的技术问题是本领域技术人员从未想到的或者没有预期到的，故本发明是一种新的技术方案。
在本发明提供的发声装置、模组以及电子设备中，聚丙烯薄膜被充电极化后，在其内部孔洞中形成有永久的正负电荷。聚丙烯薄膜的内部具有众多扁平状的高强度孔洞。众多孔洞在聚丙烯薄膜内部呈蜂窝状排布。在金属电极层接通变化的电压信号时，聚丙烯薄膜能在其厚度方向上往复振动。
众多扁平状孔洞呈蜂窝状排布，能够保证聚丙烯薄膜在承受微小振动，如声音信号时，有足够高的灵敏度；也能够保证在承受较大的压力情况下保持弹性工作范围。
发声装置组件不需要磁路系统作为驱动源，在接通变化的电压信号时能依靠自身的压电特性产生振动。结构精简、轻薄。
该发声装置模组包括该发声装置组件和支撑结构。该发声装置模组能够与电子设备的壳体部分直接装配使用，能够充分利用电子设备内的可用空间，保证发声装置组件在低频段的最大声输出。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明一种实施例中提供的聚丙烯薄膜的电镜图；
图2是本发明一种实施例中提供的发声装置的示意图；
图3是本发明一种实施例中提供的发声装置模组的结构示意图；
图4是本发明一种实施例中提供的电子设备的结构示意图；
图5是本发明一种实施例中提供的电子设备的局部剖视图。
其中，1：发声装置；10：聚丙烯薄膜：100：孔洞；11：金属电极层；2：电连接件；3：支撑结构；4：壳体；40：前壁；41：侧壁；5：出声孔；6：前声腔。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明提供了一种发声装置组件，参考图1、图2，该发声装置1包括聚丙烯薄膜10以及金属电极层11。所述聚丙烯薄膜10的内部具有众多孔洞100。所述聚丙烯薄膜10中的孔洞100呈扁平状，而且所述聚丙烯薄膜10中的孔洞100具有高强度。所述孔洞100在所述聚丙烯薄膜10内部呈蜂窝状排布。
图1示出了本发明一种实施例中的聚丙烯薄膜10的电镜图。
初始状态下，所述聚丙烯薄膜10内的孔洞100较为蓬松，众多蓬松的孔洞100之间可以相互挤压从而使得所述聚丙烯薄膜10产生变形。所述孔洞100的强度高，不易产生永久变形和断裂。
在强电场环境下，对所述聚丙烯薄膜10进行充电极化，以在所述孔洞100中形成永久的正负电荷。所述金属电极层11分别设置于所述聚丙烯薄膜10两侧表面上，以在所述聚丙烯薄膜10的两侧施加变化的电压。
所述孔洞100内储存有正负电荷，当在所述聚丙烯薄膜10两侧的金属电极层11施加变化的电压时，被极化的聚丙烯薄膜10会在厚度方向上产生对应的变化(在厚度方向上振动)，该变化从而作用在空气中产生对应的声压信号，实现发声的目的。
本发明中，所述聚丙烯薄膜10的内部具有众多扁平状且高强度的孔洞100。众多孔洞100在所述聚丙烯薄膜10内部呈蜂窝状排布，较为蓬松。所述孔洞100中具有正负电荷。类似海绵挤水，在所述金属电极层11接通变化的电压信号时，所述聚丙烯薄膜10能沿其厚度方向往复振动。
众多孔洞100在所述聚丙烯薄膜10内部呈蜂窝状排布，较为蓬松， 能够保证聚丙烯薄膜10在承受微小振动，如声音信号时，有足够高的灵敏度；也能够保证在承受较大的压力情况下保持弹性工作范围。
本发明的发声装置1采用聚丙烯薄膜10作为压电薄膜，聚丙烯薄膜10是一种新型的压电材料，相比于现有技术中的PVDF压电薄膜而言，其压电电荷系数要高出10倍以上，其大小、尺寸及形状可随意剪裁而不受任何限制，而且不会因为剪裁而破坏其内部结构；另外，聚丙烯薄膜10还具有轻质超薄的特点，可以弯曲折叠，最薄可以达到0.07mm的厚度，所以即便是多层层叠，厚度也远小于现有技术中的振动膜片的厚度；此外，聚丙烯薄膜10还能够承受长期、反复、高强度的冲击荷载作用而不失效，保证产品的可靠性，延长使用寿命。不得不提的一点是，虽然聚丙烯薄膜10具有上述诸多优点，但其成本却很低廉，可以降低应用这种材料的产品的制造成本。
该压电薄膜式发声装置1不需要磁路系统作为驱动源，在接通变化的电压信号时能依靠自身的压电特性产生振动。结构精简、轻薄。
所述金属电极层11用于在所述聚丙烯薄膜10的两侧施加变化的电压。所述金属电极层11的具体材质可以有多种。例如，所述金属电极层11为金、铜镍合金、铝、银电极或者其他金属电极层。
所述金属电极层11设置于所述聚丙烯薄膜10表面上的方式可以有多种。
例如，所述金属电极层11可以磁控溅射于所述聚丙烯薄膜10两侧的表面。
又例如，所述金属电极层11可以真空蒸镀于所述聚丙烯薄膜10两侧的表面。
再例如，所述金属电极层11可以丝网印刷于所述聚丙烯薄膜10两侧的表面。
参考图3，所述金属电极层11用于在所述聚丙烯薄膜10的两侧施加变化的电压，所述金属电极层11需与外部电路电连接在一起。所述金属电极层11可通过电连接件2与外部电路电连接。
一个例子中，在所述金属电极层11上引出有用于输入声音电信号的 导线。所述导线的数量为两个。所述金属电极层11分别通过所述导线与外部电路电连接。
另一个例子中，在所述金属电极层11上电连接有柔性电路板。所述金属电极层11分别通过所述柔性电路板与外部电路电连接。
所述聚丙烯薄膜10位于两个所述金属电极层11之间。所述聚丙烯薄膜10的具体结构可以有多种。
一个例子中，两个所述金属层之间的聚丙烯薄膜10为单层结构。单层结构的聚丙烯薄膜10即可满足使用需要。
另一个例子中，两个所述金属层之间的聚丙烯薄膜10为弯折层叠的多层结构。单层结构的聚丙烯薄膜10的灵敏度可能比较低，采用多层叠加的多层结构能够提高发声装置组件1的灵敏度。
具体装配过程中，可将一张聚丙烯薄膜10进行一次或者多次的弯折，之后所述聚丙烯薄膜10呈层叠的多层。再在多层聚丙烯薄膜10的两侧表面设置所述金属电极层11。
即使是多层叠加的聚丙烯薄膜10，其厚度仍然远远低于常规振膜的厚度。由其构成的发声装置1的结构仍然精简、轻薄。
本发明还提供了一种发声装置模组，参考图3，该发声装置模组包括本发明提供的发声装置1以及支撑结构3。所述发声装置1固定于所述支撑结构3上。所述支撑结构3位于所述聚丙烯薄膜10的周侧。例如，所述发声装置组件1可与所述支撑结构3热熔固定或者粘接固定。
所述支撑结构3的具体结构可以有多种。例如，所述支撑结构3可以具有方形或者矩形或者其他形状的轮廓，可分别与所述发声装置组件的两个对侧固定在一起。再例如，支撑结构3可以为硬质壳体或者薄片结构等。
一个例子中，参考图3，所述支撑结构3可以是中间镂空的环形结构。所述支撑结构3环绕于所述发声装置1的四周。所述发声装置1位于所述支撑结构3的中间镂空位置，并且与所述支撑结构3固定在一起。
可以理解，所述支撑结构3还能够保证所述聚丙烯薄膜10沿其厚度方向上往复振动，防止产生偏振现象。
所述发声装置1可通过所述支撑结构3装配于相应的电子设备中。该 发声装置模组能够与消费类电子设备的壳体部分直接装配使用，能够充分利用电子设备内的可用空间，保证发声装置组件1在低频段的最大声输出。
本发明还提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备可以是但不局限于智能手机、智能手表、游戏机、头戴显示设备、平板电脑等。参考图4，该电子设备包括是发明提供的发声装置模组以及壳体4。所述壳体4与所述发声装置模组中的支撑结构3装配在一起。例如，所述壳体4可以是智能手机的外层壳。
所述聚丙烯薄膜10的一侧需要设置有出声通道。所述出声通道的具体结构、设置方式可以有多种。优选地，参考图5，在所述聚丙烯薄膜10与所述壳体4之间形成前声腔6。在所述壳体4的壁上设有与所述前声腔6连通的出声孔5。
具体地，参考图5，所述壳体4可以呈或者近似呈长方体结构。所述壳体4包括前壁40以及位于所述前壁40一侧的侧壁41。所述前声腔6形成于所述聚丙烯薄膜10与前壁40之间。所述出声孔5为设置于所述侧壁41上的通孔。
此外，所述支撑结构3的具体结构可以按照所述电子设备壳体4的结构、出声孔5的位置来具体设计，以形成所述前声腔6。
此外，在所述聚丙烯薄膜10的另外一侧形成有后声腔。所述支撑结构3可以被设置为便于形成所述后声腔。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括：
    聚丙烯薄膜(10)，所述聚丙烯薄膜(10)的内部具有众多扁平状的高强度孔洞(100)，所述孔洞(100)在所述聚丙烯薄膜(10)内部呈蜂窝状排布，所述聚丙烯薄膜(10)被配置为在强电场环境下进行充电极化以在所述孔洞(100)中形成永久正负电荷；
    分别设置于所述聚丙烯薄膜(10)两侧表面上的金属电极层(11)，所述聚丙烯薄膜(10)被配置为在所述金属电极层(11)接通变化的电压信号时能在其厚度方向上往复振动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述金属电极层(11)为金、铜镍合金、铝或银电极。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述金属电极层(11)磁控溅射于或者真空蒸镀于或者丝网印刷于所述聚丙烯薄膜(10)的两侧表面。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，在所述金属电极层(11)上引出有用于输入信号的导线。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，在所述金属电极层(11)上电连接有柔性电路板。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，两个所述金属电极层(11)之间的聚丙烯薄膜(10)为单层结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的发声装置，其特征在于，两个所述金属电极层(11)之间的聚丙烯薄膜(10)为弯折层叠的多层结构。
  8. 一种发声装置模组，其特征在于，包括：
    根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的发声装置；
    支撑结构(3)，所述发声装置固定于所述支撑结构(3)上，所述支撑结构(3)位于所述聚丙烯薄膜(10)的周侧。
  9. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：
    根据权利要求8所述的发声装置模组；
    壳体(4)，所述壳体(4)与所述发声装置模组中的支撑结构(3)装配在一起。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其特征在于，在所述聚丙烯薄膜(10)与所述壳体(4)之间形成有前声腔(6)，在所述壳体(4)的壁上设有与所述前声腔(6)连通的出声孔(5)。
PCT/CN2017/094741 2017-07-10 2017-07-27 一种发声装置、模组以及电子设备 WO2019010727A1 (zh)

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