WO2019003328A1 - Measuring pipette tip, and measurement device and measurement method using said measuring pipette tip - Google Patents

Measuring pipette tip, and measurement device and measurement method using said measuring pipette tip Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019003328A1
WO2019003328A1 PCT/JP2017/023676 JP2017023676W WO2019003328A1 WO 2019003328 A1 WO2019003328 A1 WO 2019003328A1 JP 2017023676 W JP2017023676 W JP 2017023676W WO 2019003328 A1 WO2019003328 A1 WO 2019003328A1
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Prior art keywords
measurement
tip
pipette tip
sample solution
pipette
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PCT/JP2017/023676
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
佳則 山口
暁鳴 竇
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佳則 山口
暁鳴 竇
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Application filed by 佳則 山口, 暁鳴 竇 filed Critical 佳則 山口
Priority to PCT/JP2017/023676 priority Critical patent/WO2019003328A1/en
Priority to JP2018529079A priority patent/JP6668477B2/en
Publication of WO2019003328A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019003328A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02Burettes; Pipettes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28Electrolytic cell components

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a measurement pipette tip for performing an electrochemical measurement of a liquid, a measurement device and a measurement method using the measurement pipette tip.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 in the case of quantitatively analyzing chemical substances such as heavy metals and dioxins which are contained only in trace amounts in soil, conventionally, soil is collected and the soil is shaken with water and eluted in water Or, the soil is heated and decomposed in an acid solution to form a solution, which is used as a sample for analysis, and the optical characteristics of the sample for analysis are measured using an ICP emission spectrophotometer or an atomic absorption spectrometer. (See Non-Patent Document 1).
  • the above method using an ICP emission spectrometer or atomic absorption spectrometer can perform precise quantitative analysis of a trace amount of heavy metal or chemical substance, while an apparatus such as an ICP emission spectrometer or atomic absorption spectrometer is It is extremely expensive, and its handling such as measurement operations requires skill. Furthermore, devices such as an ICP emission spectrochemical analysis device can be used only in a room such as a laboratory, and it is difficult to perform so-called field measurement in which analysis is performed on site such as a soil collection site. The same applies to the inspection of residual pesticides, and it is almost impossible to bring an expensive and large high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometer on site, that is, a cooking site, and conduct inspection before cooking.
  • wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzers and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzers are also known as apparatuses capable of analyzing metal substances such as heavy metals.
  • the wavelength dispersive fluorescent X-ray analyzer is as expensive as an ICP emission spectrometer, an atomic absorption spectrometer, and the like.
  • Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzers are smaller and cheaper than wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzers, and are relatively easy to handle, but they can be measured if they contain only a small amount of specific components. There is a problem of lack of sensitivity. Furthermore, for analysis of residual pesticides, decomposition by ionization process when measuring with a mass spectrometer, ionization of target pesticides depending on the presence or absence of ionization due to differences in chemical properties of target substances, or ionization of all substances There is a problem that it can not do. In addition, in high performance liquid chromatography analysis, it is almost impossible to measure the pesticide residue on vegetables before cooking in-situ because of the choice of mobile phase and stationary phase, and the use of highly toxic solution to mobile phase. It is impossible.
  • a small electrochemical measurement apparatus using a carbon thin film as an electrode.
  • a small-sized electrochemical measurement apparatus there is one in which a fine measurement electrode made of carbon is formed on a flat substrate by sputtering.
  • the sample solution When measurement is performed using such an electrochemical measurement device, the sample solution must be aspirated by a pipette, dropped onto the portion of the measurement electrode of the electrochemical measurement device, and the sample solution should be in contact with the measurement electrode. You must. However, it is not easy to ensure that a minute amount of sample solution is in contact with the fine measurement electrode.
  • an ion electrode or a PH electrode there is a method of measuring metal ions such as ammonia, cyanide, chlorine and the like using a glass electrode called an ion electrode or a PH electrode.
  • This electrode is a complex, more fragile, and expensive in which a standard electrode, a working electrode, a standard solution and a counter electrode are included in a glass tube. Because of the high cost and the standard solution enclosed inside are dangerous substances and highly toxic substances, they can not be used on site for the purpose of simple measurement.
  • immobilized the enzyme on the electrode surface is raised as an example using a disposable electrode.
  • GOD glucose oxidase
  • the measurement pipette tip has a suction port for sucking the sample solution at the tip and an internal space for storing a predetermined amount of sample solution sucked from the suction port, and the tip of the pipette It is attached to
  • the measurement pipette tip has a measurement electrode and a tip side terminal.
  • the measurement electrode is provided at a position in contact with the sample solution sucked in from the suction port and stored in the internal space, and is for performing electrochemical measurement of the sample solution.
  • the tip side terminal is for electrically connecting an electric circuit provided outside the measurement pipette tip to the measurement electrode.
  • the electrochemical measurement in the present invention includes the measurement of the electrical conductivity of the sample solution, the measurement of the characteristic of the chemical change on the electrode surface, for example, the electrochemical reaction of the chemical reaction on the enzyme-modified electrode surface. It includes measurement, measurement of electrochemical reactions on the electrode surface in a mixed system of 2 and 3 solutions, and measurement of electrochemical reactions in which absorption and light emission are electronically converted on the electrode surface.
  • the measuring apparatus has a tip mounting portion for mounting the above-mentioned measurement pipette tip, and an internal space communicating with the tip mounting portion, and the piston slides in the internal space.
  • a syringe unit configured to aspirate a predetermined amount of sample solution from the tip of the measurement pipette tip attached to the tip attachment unit; a tip side terminal of the measurement pipette tip attached to the tip attachment unit; Electrically connected to the device side terminal for electrical connection and the measurement electrode of the measurement pipette tip through the device side terminal, and aspirated from the tip of the measurement pipette tip through the measurement electrode And a measurement circuit for performing an electrochemical measurement of the sample solution.
  • the measurement apparatus mounts the measurement pipette tip on the tip mounting portion, electrically connects the device-side terminal to the tip-side terminal of the measurement pipette tip, and operates the piston of the syringe unit
  • the apparatus is configured such that electrochemical measurement of the sample solution can be performed via the measurement electrode of the measurement pipette tip by simply aspirating a predetermined amount of sample solution from the suction port of the tip of the measurement pipette. It is.
  • the tip side terminal of the measuring pipette tip is provided in an internal space of the measuring pipette tip, and the device side terminal is mounted on the tip mounting portion. It is provided in the said tip mounting part so that the said tip side terminal of the pipette tip for measurement may be contacted.
  • the measurement circuit can be electrically connected to the measurement electrode provided on the measurement pipette tip simply by attaching the measurement pipette tip to the tip mounting portion.
  • the tip mounting portion has a shape fitted into the opening provided at the proximal end of the measurement pipette tip with a fixed positional relationship, and the tip mounting portion is in the opening of the measurement pipette tip It is preferable that the device-side terminal be positioned relative to the chip-side terminal when fitted in a fixed positional relationship. Then, contact failure due to misalignment between the device side terminal and the chip side terminal is less likely to occur, and connection of the measurement circuit to the measurement electrode can be made more reliably.
  • a display unit for displaying the measurement result by the measurement circuit is provided on the outer surface. Then, the user can immediately confirm the measurement result of the sample solution aspirated from the tip of the measurement pipette.
  • the measurement method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: attaching the measurement pipette tip of the present invention to the tip of a pipette; aspirating a sample solution from the tip of the measurement pipette tip; and providing the inside of the measurement pipette tip
  • the method comprises the steps of: bringing a sample solution into contact with a measurement electrode; and performing an electrochemical measurement of the sample solution drawn from the tip of the measurement pipette tip through the measurement electrode.
  • the pipette is preferably the above measuring device. Then, the measurement of the sample solution aspirated from the tip of the measurement pipette tip can be performed immediately and conveniently.
  • a measurement electrode is provided at a position in contact with the sample solution sucked from the suction port at the tip and stored in the internal space, and for connecting an external electric circuit to the measurement electrode. Since the tip side terminal is provided, the measurement pipette tip is attached to the tip of the pipette, and while the electric circuit for measurement is connected to the tip side terminal, a predetermined amount of sample solution is aspirated from the suction port of the tip. Thus, the sample solution can be reliably brought into contact with the measurement terminal, and the electrochemical measurement of the sample solution can be easily performed.
  • the above-mentioned pipette tip for measurement is attached to the tip attaching portion, the device side terminal is electrically connected to the tip side terminal of the pipette tip for measurement, and measurement is performed by operating the piston of the syringe portion
  • the sample solution is constructed so that electrochemical measurement can be performed via the measurement electrode of the measurement pipette tip simply by suctioning a predetermined amount of sample solution from the suction port of the tip of the pipette.
  • the electrochemical measurement of the solution can be conveniently performed.
  • the measuring device of the present invention has a function as a syringe, it is possible to hold the sample solution in an accurate volume, and an analysis method in which the sample amount is required to be accurate, for example, analysis by absorbance analysis or fluorescence analysis, It is possible to guarantee the accuracy of sampling.
  • an analysis method in which the sample amount is required to be accurate for example, analysis by absorbance analysis or fluorescence analysis, It is possible to guarantee the accuracy of sampling.
  • biochemical samples such as saliva, urine and blood in the oral cavity is prevented from contamination and it is difficult for the experimenter to get infected It can be done in situations.
  • the above-mentioned pipette tip for measurement is attached to the tip of the pipette, a predetermined amount of sample solution is aspirated from the tip of the measurement pipette tip, and the sample solution is brought into contact with the measurement electrode Since the electrochemical measurement of the sample solution drawn from the tip of the measurement pipette tip through the electrode is performed, the sample solution can be reliably brought into contact with the measurement electrode even if the amount of the sample solution is very small. Electrochemical measurement can be easily performed.
  • FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows one Example of the pipette tip for measurement.
  • A is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the pipette tip for measurement of the Example
  • B is a top view of the electrode substrate of the pipette tip.
  • It is a front view which shows one Example of a measuring apparatus. It is a figure which shows the state which mounted the pipette tip for measurement to the measuring apparatus of the Example.
  • It is a flowchart which shows the measuring method using the measuring apparatus of the Example in order of a process.
  • FIG. 1 One embodiment of the measurement pipette tip will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 1 One embodiment of the measurement pipette tip will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the measurement pipette tip 2 is used by being attached to the tip of a later-described pipette-type measurement device 24 (see FIG. 4).
  • the measurement pipette tip 2 has a shape that becomes thinner as it goes from the proximal side to the distal side.
  • the distal end is provided with a suction port 4 for sucking the liquid, and the proximal end is provided with an opening 6 into which the distal end portion of the measuring device 24 is inserted.
  • the suction port 4 at the tip is designed so that the suctioned solution is held without dripping during measurement.
  • a space 8 for storing a predetermined amount of sample solution sucked from the suction port 4 at the tip is provided inside the measurement pipette tip 2,
  • the opening 6 at the proximal end communicates with the suction port 4 at the distal end via the space 8.
  • a flat electrode substrate 10 is fixed in the space 8.
  • the inner diameter of the suction port 4 at the tip prevents the sample solution in the space 8 from being dropped from the suction port 4 when the suction port 4 is directed vertically downward after sucking a predetermined amount of sample solution from the suction port 4 Size (for example, 0.5 mm or less).
  • three measurement electrodes 12, 14, 16 are provided on one end side (right side in the figure) of the electrode substrate 10.
  • the measurement electrodes 12, 14 and 16 are for performing electrochemical measurement, and any one of them serves as a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode.
  • the measuring electrodes 12, 14 and 16 are drawn to the other end side of the electrode substrate 10 to form connection terminals 18, 20 and 22 (chip side terminals).
  • the electrode substrate 10 has one end provided with the measurement electrodes 12, 14 and 16 at the tip end side of the measurement pipette tip 2 and the other end provided with the terminals 18, 20 and 22 at the base of the measurement pipette tip 2. It is arranged to face the end side.
  • a predetermined amount for example, 10 ⁇ L
  • the measurement electrodes 12, 14, 16 contact the sample solution, and the terminals 18, 20 , 22 are provided at positions not in contact with the sample solution.
  • the measurement electrodes 12, 14, 16 and the terminals 18, 20, 22 of the electrode substrate 10 are made of, for example, a carbon thin film formed by sputtering or print printing. Plating may be applied to the surface of the carbon thin film according to the object to be measured.
  • the object to be measured is a heavy metal such as arsenic or mercury
  • the surface of the carbon thin film can be plated with gold or the like, whereby the measurement sensitivity can be improved.
  • the three measurement electrodes 12, 14, 16 are provided on the electrode substrate 10.
  • the number of electrodes may be two or four or more. If at least two measuring electrodes are provided, it is possible to perform the conductivity measurement of the sample solution.
  • the measuring device 24 has a function as a pipette for aspirating and discharging a liquid.
  • a syringe unit 32 for suctioning and discharging a liquid and a measurement circuit board 42 for performing an electrochemical measurement are accommodated in the housing of the measuring device 24.
  • the tip mounting portion 28 is provided at the distal end portion, and the tip mounting portion 28 is inserted into the opening 6 (see FIG. 1) provided at the proximal end of the measurement pipette tip 2 to measure the distal end portion.
  • the pipette tip 2 is to be attached.
  • An opening 30 communicating with the syringe unit 32 is provided on the tip end surface of the tip mounting unit 28.
  • a piston 34 is provided slidably inside the syringe unit 32 in one axial direction. By sliding the piston 34 in the syringe unit 32 in a state where the measurement pipette tip 2 is attached to the tip attachment unit 28, suction and discharge of liquid can be performed via the measurement pipette tip 2.
  • a drive shaft 36 for driving the piston 34 protrudes from the base end surface of the housing 26, and a disc-like pressing portion 38 is provided at an end of the drive shaft 36.
  • the drive shaft 36 is biased to the base end side (upper side in the figure) by an elastic body such as a coil spring, and when the user presses the pressing portion 38 to the distal side (lower side in the figure) The drive shaft 36 is automatically returned to the proximal side by the elastic force of the elastic body.
  • an elastic body such as a coil spring
  • a terminal portion 40 is provided at the tip of the chip mounting portion 28. As shown in FIG. 4, the terminal portion 40 contacts the terminals 18, 20, 22 (see FIG. 2) of the electrode substrate 10 when the measurement pipette tip 2 is mounted on the tip mounting portion 28. It is provided to do.
  • the terminal portion 40 is provided with device-side terminals corresponding to the terminals 18, 20, 22 of the electrode substrate 10 in the measurement pipette tip 2, respectively. Each device-side terminal of the terminal unit 40 is electrically connected to the measurement circuit board 42.
  • the tip mounting portion 28 has a shape to be fitted into the opening 6 of the measuring pipette tip 2 with a fixed positional relationship, and the tip mounting portion 28 is fitted into the opening 6 of the measuring pipette tip 2 At this time, each device-side terminal of the terminal portion 40 is positioned with respect to the terminals 18, 20, 22 of the electrode substrate 10.
  • the measurement circuit board 42 provided inside the measurement device 24 becomes the measurement electrode 12 of the electrode substrate 10 of the measurement pipette tip 2
  • the electrochemical measurement of the sample solution S electrically connected to 14 and 16 and sucked from the suction port 4 can be performed via the measurement electrodes 12, 14 and 16.
  • the amount of suction from the suction port 4 of the measurement pipette tip 2 may be always constant.
  • a predetermined amount (for example, 10 ⁇ L) of the sample solution is automatically aspirated only by releasing the pressing portion 38 all the way down and then releasing the hand.
  • the terminal portion 40 has any shape as long as each device-side terminal is in contact with each terminal 18, 20, 22 of the electrode substrate 10 when the measurement pipette tip 2 is attached to the tip attachment portion 28. It may be for example, each device-side terminal of the terminal unit 40 has an annular shape, and even if the corresponding terminals are in contact with each other regardless of the mounting direction of the measurement pipette tip 2 to the tip mounting unit 28 Good.
  • An operation unit 44 and a display unit 46 are provided on the outer surface of the housing 26 (a base end surface in this embodiment).
  • the operation unit 44 is an operation button for the user to perform operations such as power on / off, start of measurement, and change of information displayed on the display unit 46.
  • the display unit 46 is realized by, for example, a small liquid crystal display.
  • the display unit 46 may be configured by a touch panel, and the display unit 46 may have the function of the operation unit 44.
  • the operation unit 44 and the display unit 46 are both electrically connected to the measurement circuit board 42.
  • the measuring device 24 includes a power supply unit 48 (see FIG. 5).
  • the power supply unit 48 can be realized by, for example, a dry battery or a charge battery.
  • the power supply unit 48 supplies necessary power to the measurement circuit board 42 and the display unit 46.
  • the measurement circuit board 42 includes an arithmetic control unit 50, a voltage application unit 52, and a current detection unit 54.
  • the arithmetic control unit 50 performs predetermined arithmetic processing using the measurement values obtained by the electrochemical measurement, and is necessary for the voltage application unit 52 based on a command from the user input through the operation unit 44. It is a function of transmitting a signal or displaying information such as a measurement result on the display unit 46.
  • the arithmetic control unit 50 is, for example, a function realized by the microcomputer executing a predetermined program.
  • the voltage application unit 52 When the voltage application unit 52 receives the measurement start signal from the operation control unit 50, the two measurement electrodes (working electrode and reference electrode) of the measurement pipette tip 40 via the device side terminal of the terminal unit 40 It is configured to apply a voltage of a predetermined magnitude between them.
  • the current detection unit 54 is configured to detect the magnitude of the current flowing between the two measurement electrodes (the working electrode and the counter electrode) of the measurement pipette tip 40 via the device side terminal of the terminal unit 40.
  • the current detection unit 54 takes in a signal relating to the magnitude of the detected current to the calculation control unit 50.
  • the arithmetic control unit 50 calculates the concentration of a specific component or the like in the sample solution using, for example, a calibration curve prepared in advance, based on the signal received from the current detection unit 54, and displays the measurement result on the display unit 46. Is configured as.
  • the detection device 24 also includes an external output unit 56 so that information can be output to an external device such as a personal computer by wired communication means such as a USB (universal serial bus) terminal or wireless communication means. It is also good.
  • the arithmetic control unit 50 is configured to output measurement data and the like to an external device via the external output unit 56.
  • the measurement pipette tip 2 is attached to the tip of the detection device 24 (step S1).
  • the tip of the measurement pipette tip 2 is immersed in the sample solution, and a predetermined amount of sample solution S is aspirated (step S2).
  • the measurement electrodes 12, 14 and 16 are immersed in the sample solution S in the measurement pipette tip 2 (see FIG. 4).
  • the arithmetic control unit 50 issues a signal to start the measurement to the voltage application unit 52, and the voltage application unit 52 has two measurement electrodes (function A voltage of a predetermined magnitude is applied between the electrode and the reference electrode (step S3).
  • the current detection unit 54 measures the current value flowing between the two measurement electrodes (working electrode and counter electrode) (step S4).
  • the arithmetic control unit 50 quantifies the concentration of the specific component in the sample solution based on the current value measured by the current detection unit 54 (step S5), and displays the measurement result on the display unit 46 (step S6).
  • the measuring device 24 of the embodiment has the measuring pipette tip 2 attached to the tip thereof, and only suctions a predetermined amount of sample solution from the suction port 4 to obtain the measuring electrodes 12, 14, 16. Since the sample solution can be reliably brought into contact with the sample solution to perform electrochemical measurement of the sample solution, simple and rapid electrochemical measurement can be performed.

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Abstract

This measuring pipette tip has: a suction port for suctioning a sample solution at the distal end of the measuring pipette tip; and an inner space for retaining a prescribed amount of the sample solution suctioned via the suction port. The measuring pipette tip is attached to the distal end of a pipette. The measuring pipette tip has: a measuring electrode; and a tip-side terminal. The measuring electrode is provided in a position so as to be in contact with the sample solution suctioned via the suction port and retained in the inner space, and is used for electrochemically measuring the sample solution. The tip-end terminal is for electrically connecting an electrical circuit provided on the outside of the measuring pipette tip to the measuring electrode.

Description

測定用ピペットチップ、その測定用ピペットチップを用いる測定装置及び測定方法Pipette tip for measurement, measuring apparatus and measuring method using the pipette tip for measurement
 本発明は、液の電気化学測定を行なうための測定用ピペットチップ、その測定用ピペットチップを用いる測定装置及び測定方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a measurement pipette tip for performing an electrochemical measurement of a liquid, a measurement device and a measurement method using the measurement pipette tip.
 カドミウム、コバルト、水銀、銅、亜鉛といった重金属は人体にとって有害であるため、水や土壌にどれだけの重金属が含まれているのかを把握することは非常に重要である。そのため、重金属を測定する方法として種々の方法が提案され、実施もなされている(例えば、特許文献1、2参照。)。また、穀物、野菜、果実など食物へ農薬を散布することによる残留農薬の問題は深刻で、2013年にはインドでモノクロトホスが野菜に残留していたことによって、23人の児童が死亡するといった重大な事件が起こっている。 Since heavy metals such as cadmium, cobalt, mercury, copper and zinc are harmful to the human body, it is very important to understand how much heavy metal is contained in water and soil. Therefore, various methods have been proposed and implemented as methods of measuring heavy metals (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). In addition, the problem of pesticide residue caused by spraying pesticides to food such as grains, vegetables and fruits is serious, and in 2013, 23 children died from monocrotophos remaining in vegetables in India Serious incidents are happening.
 また、例えば、土壌中に微量にしか含まれない重金属やダイオキシンなどの化学的物質を定量分析する場合、従来では、土壌を採取し、その土壌を水と振とうして水中に溶出させたもの、又は土壌を酸溶液中で加熱分解して溶液化したものを分析用試料とし、その分析用試料の光学的な特性をICP発光分光分析装置や原子吸光分析装置を用いて測定することが一般的である(非特許文献1参照。)。さらに、残留農薬の検査では、高速クロマトグラフィー質量分析計やキャピラリー電気泳動を利用してその種類や濃度を測定することが一般的で、測定装置が大型でかつ高価であり、また使用には特別な訓練と相当な専門知識が必要で、食物、特に農薬を必要とする食物について調理前に残留農薬を検査することはほぼ不可能に近かった。 Also, for example, in the case of quantitatively analyzing chemical substances such as heavy metals and dioxins which are contained only in trace amounts in soil, conventionally, soil is collected and the soil is shaken with water and eluted in water Or, the soil is heated and decomposed in an acid solution to form a solution, which is used as a sample for analysis, and the optical characteristics of the sample for analysis are measured using an ICP emission spectrophotometer or an atomic absorption spectrometer. (See Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, for the inspection of pesticide residues, it is common to measure their type and concentration using a high-speed chromatography mass spectrometer or capillary electrophoresis, the measuring device is large and expensive, and it is special to use It is nearly impossible to test pesticides before cooking for food, especially foods that require pesticides, which requires considerable training and considerable expertise.
特開平11-174054号公報Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 11-174054 特開2009-034041号公報JP, 2009-034041, A
 ICP発光分光分析装置や原子吸光分析装置を用いる上記の方法は、微量の重金属や化学的物質の精密な定量分析を行なうことができる一方で、ICP発光分光分析装置や原子吸光分析装置といった装置はきわめて高価であり、その測定操作などの取扱いに熟練を要する。さらに、ICP発光分光分析装置等の装置は実験室などの室内においてしか使用することができず、土壌の採取現場といった現地で分析を行なう、所謂フィールド測定を行なうことが困難であった。残留農薬の検査についても同様で、高価でかつ大型な高速液体クロマトグラフィー質量分析計をその場、つまり、調理現場へ持ち込み、調理前に検査を行うことはほとんど不可能である。 The above method using an ICP emission spectrometer or atomic absorption spectrometer can perform precise quantitative analysis of a trace amount of heavy metal or chemical substance, while an apparatus such as an ICP emission spectrometer or atomic absorption spectrometer is It is extremely expensive, and its handling such as measurement operations requires skill. Furthermore, devices such as an ICP emission spectrochemical analysis device can be used only in a room such as a laboratory, and it is difficult to perform so-called field measurement in which analysis is performed on site such as a soil collection site. The same applies to the inspection of residual pesticides, and it is almost impossible to bring an expensive and large high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometer on site, that is, a cooking site, and conduct inspection before cooking.
 また、重金属などの金属物質を分析することができる装置として、波長分散型蛍光X線分析装置やエネルギー分散型蛍光X線分析装置も知られている。しかし、波長分散型蛍光X線分析装置を用いて試料中に微量にしか含まれない特定成分を定量分析しようとしても十分なX線強度が得られず、検出感度が不足するという問題がある。また、波長分散型蛍光X線分析装置はICP発光分光分析装置や原子吸光分析装置などと同様に高価である。エネルギー分散型蛍光X線分析装置は波長分散型蛍光X線分析装置に比べると小型かつ安価であり、比較的取扱いも容易であるが、特定成分が微量にしか含まれていない場合には、測定感度が不足するという問題がある。さらに、残留農薬の分析については、質量分析計で測定する際のイオン化過程による分解、目的物質の化学的性質の違いによるイオン化の有無によって、目的とする農薬がイオン化できない、若しくはすべての物質がイオン化できないという問題がある。加えて、高速液体クロマトグラフィーによる分析では、移動相や固定相の選択、さらに、移動相に毒性の高い溶液を使用するため、調理前の野菜への残留農薬をその場で測定することはほとんど不可能である。 In addition, wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzers and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzers are also known as apparatuses capable of analyzing metal substances such as heavy metals. However, there is a problem that sufficient X-ray intensity can not be obtained even when trying to quantitatively analyze a specific component which is contained in a very small amount in a sample using a wavelength dispersive fluorescent X-ray analyzer, and the detection sensitivity is insufficient. Further, the wavelength dispersive fluorescent X-ray analyzer is as expensive as an ICP emission spectrometer, an atomic absorption spectrometer, and the like. Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzers are smaller and cheaper than wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzers, and are relatively easy to handle, but they can be measured if they contain only a small amount of specific components. There is a problem of lack of sensitivity. Furthermore, for analysis of residual pesticides, decomposition by ionization process when measuring with a mass spectrometer, ionization of target pesticides depending on the presence or absence of ionization due to differences in chemical properties of target substances, or ionization of all substances There is a problem that it can not do. In addition, in high performance liquid chromatography analysis, it is almost impossible to measure the pesticide residue on vegetables before cooking in-situ because of the choice of mobile phase and stationary phase, and the use of highly toxic solution to mobile phase. It is impossible.
 近年、電気化学測定を用いた重金属測定も行われるようになり、カーボン薄膜を電極として用いた小型の電気化学測定装置も存在する。小型の電気化学測定装置として、平板状の基板にスパッタリングによってカーボンからなる微細な測定用電極を形成したものがある。そのような電気化学測定装置を用いて測定する場合、試料溶液をピペットによって吸引し、電気化学測定装置の測定用電極の部分に試料溶液を滴下し、試料溶液を測定用電極に接液させなければならない。しかし、微細な測定用電極に微量の試料溶液を確実に接液させることは容易ではない。 In recent years, heavy metal measurement using electrochemical measurement has also been performed, and there is also a small electrochemical measurement apparatus using a carbon thin film as an electrode. As a small-sized electrochemical measurement apparatus, there is one in which a fine measurement electrode made of carbon is formed on a flat substrate by sputtering. When measurement is performed using such an electrochemical measurement device, the sample solution must be aspirated by a pipette, dropped onto the portion of the measurement electrode of the electrochemical measurement device, and the sample solution should be in contact with the measurement electrode. You must. However, it is not easy to ensure that a minute amount of sample solution is in contact with the fine measurement electrode.
 従来から、イオン電極、あるいはPH電極と呼ばれるガラス電極を利用して、金属イオン、例えば、アンモニア、シアン化合物、塩素などを測定する方法がある。この電極はガラスチューブの中に標準電極、作用電極、標準溶液、対極を内包した複雑でさらに壊れやすく、加えて高価である。高価であること、内部に封入される標準液が危険物質、毒性の高い物質であるため、現場で、簡易的に測定する目的で使用することは不可能である。また、使い捨て電極を利用する例としては、電極表面に酵素を固定化した酵素電極が上げられる。電極の表面に固定化した酵素、たとえばグルコースオキシダーゼ(GOD)などでは、GODとグルコースが反応する際の還元力を利用してグルコースの濃度を定量する。しかし、その電極を使用する場合においても、サンプリングは困難なことが多く、また、血液などが飛び散ることで、汚染してしまう場合があった。 Conventionally, there is a method of measuring metal ions such as ammonia, cyanide, chlorine and the like using a glass electrode called an ion electrode or a PH electrode. This electrode is a complex, more fragile, and expensive in which a standard electrode, a working electrode, a standard solution and a counter electrode are included in a glass tube. Because of the high cost and the standard solution enclosed inside are dangerous substances and highly toxic substances, they can not be used on site for the purpose of simple measurement. Moreover, the enzyme electrode which fix | immobilized the enzyme on the electrode surface is raised as an example using a disposable electrode. An enzyme immobilized on the surface of an electrode, such as glucose oxidase (GOD), quantifies the concentration of glucose using the reducing power when GOD and glucose react. However, even when the electrode is used, sampling is often difficult, and there is also a possibility of contamination due to spattering of blood and the like.
 そこで、本発明は、微量の試料溶液であっても確実に試料溶液を測定電極に接液させ、簡便に試料の電気化学測定を行なうことができるようにすることを目的とするものである。 Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to ensure that even if the sample solution is a trace amount of sample solution, the sample solution is brought into contact with the measurement electrode so that the electrochemical measurement of the sample can be easily performed.
 本発明に係る測定用ピペットチップは、先端に試料溶液を吸引するための吸引口を有するとともに前記吸引口から吸引された所定量の試料溶液を貯留するための内部空間を有し、ピペットの先端に装着されるものである。当該測定用ピペットチップは、測定用電極とチップ側端子を有する。測定用電極は、前記吸引口から吸引され前記内部空間に貯留された試料溶液と触れる位置に設けられ、試料溶液の電気化学測定を行なうためのものである。チップ側端子は、当該測定用ピペットチップの外部に設けられる電気回路を前記測定用電極に電気的に接続するためのものである。 The measurement pipette tip according to the present invention has a suction port for sucking the sample solution at the tip and an internal space for storing a predetermined amount of sample solution sucked from the suction port, and the tip of the pipette It is attached to The measurement pipette tip has a measurement electrode and a tip side terminal. The measurement electrode is provided at a position in contact with the sample solution sucked in from the suction port and stored in the internal space, and is for performing electrochemical measurement of the sample solution. The tip side terminal is for electrically connecting an electric circuit provided outside the measurement pipette tip to the measurement electrode.
 ここで、本発明における電気化学測定には、試料溶液の電気伝導度の測定、電極表面での化学変化の特性の測定、例えば、酵素で修飾された電極表面での化学反応の電気化学的な測定、2液、3液の混合系における電極表面での電気化学的な化学反応の測定、電極表面で吸収や発光を電子変換した電気化学反応の測定を含む。 Here, the electrochemical measurement in the present invention includes the measurement of the electrical conductivity of the sample solution, the measurement of the characteristic of the chemical change on the electrode surface, for example, the electrochemical reaction of the chemical reaction on the enzyme-modified electrode surface. It includes measurement, measurement of electrochemical reactions on the electrode surface in a mixed system of 2 and 3 solutions, and measurement of electrochemical reactions in which absorption and light emission are electronically converted on the electrode surface.
 本発明に係る測定装置は、上記の測定用ピペットチップを装着するためのチップ装着部と、前記チップ装着部と連通する内部空間を有し、その内部空間においてピストンが摺動することにより、前記チップ装着部に装着された前記測定用ピペットチップの先端から所定量の試料溶液を吸引するように構成されたシリンジ部と、前記チップ装着部に装着された前記測定用ピペットチップのチップ側端子と電気的に接続するための装置側端子と、前記装置側端子を介して前記測定用ピペットチップの測定用電極と導通し、前記測定用電極を介して前記測定用ピペットチップの先端から吸引された試料溶液の電気化学測定を行なう測定回路と、を備えている。 The measuring apparatus according to the present invention has a tip mounting portion for mounting the above-mentioned measurement pipette tip, and an internal space communicating with the tip mounting portion, and the piston slides in the internal space. A syringe unit configured to aspirate a predetermined amount of sample solution from the tip of the measurement pipette tip attached to the tip attachment unit; a tip side terminal of the measurement pipette tip attached to the tip attachment unit; Electrically connected to the device side terminal for electrical connection and the measurement electrode of the measurement pipette tip through the device side terminal, and aspirated from the tip of the measurement pipette tip through the measurement electrode And a measurement circuit for performing an electrochemical measurement of the sample solution.
 すなわち、本発明に係る測定装置は、チップ装着部に上記の測定用ピペットチップを装着するとともに、装置側端子を測定用ピペットチップのチップ側端子と電気的に接続し、シリンジ部のピストンを動作させて測定用ピペットの先端の吸引口から所定量の試料溶液を吸引するだけで、測定用ピペットチップの測定用電極を介して試料溶液の電気化学測定を行なうことができるように構成されたものである。 That is, the measurement apparatus according to the present invention mounts the measurement pipette tip on the tip mounting portion, electrically connects the device-side terminal to the tip-side terminal of the measurement pipette tip, and operates the piston of the syringe unit The apparatus is configured such that electrochemical measurement of the sample solution can be performed via the measurement electrode of the measurement pipette tip by simply aspirating a predetermined amount of sample solution from the suction port of the tip of the measurement pipette. It is.
 本発明に係る測定装置の好ましい実施形態では、前記測定用ピペットチップの前記チップ側端子が当該測定用ピペットチップの内部空間に設けられ、前記装置側端子は、前記チップ装着部に装着された前記測定用ピペットチップの前記チップ側端子と接触するように前記チップ装着部に設けられている。これにより、測定用ピペットチップをチップ装着部に装着するだけで、測定用ピペットチップに設けられている測定用電極に測定回路を電気的に接続することができる。 In a preferred embodiment of the measuring device according to the present invention, the tip side terminal of the measuring pipette tip is provided in an internal space of the measuring pipette tip, and the device side terminal is mounted on the tip mounting portion. It is provided in the said tip mounting part so that the said tip side terminal of the pipette tip for measurement may be contacted. Thus, the measurement circuit can be electrically connected to the measurement electrode provided on the measurement pipette tip simply by attaching the measurement pipette tip to the tip mounting portion.
 上記の場合、前記チップ装着部は、前記測定用ピペットチップの基端に設けられた開口に一定の位置関係をもって嵌め込まれる形状を有し、前記チップ装着部が前記測定用ピペットチップの前記開口に一定の位置関係をもって嵌め込まれたときに、前記装置側端子が前記チップ側端子に対して位置決めされるように構成されていることが好ましい。そうすれば、装置側端子とチップ側端子の位置ずれによる接触不良が発生しにくくなり、測定用電極に対する測定回路の接続をより確実に行なうことができる。 In the above case, the tip mounting portion has a shape fitted into the opening provided at the proximal end of the measurement pipette tip with a fixed positional relationship, and the tip mounting portion is in the opening of the measurement pipette tip It is preferable that the device-side terminal be positioned relative to the chip-side terminal when fitted in a fixed positional relationship. Then, contact failure due to misalignment between the device side terminal and the chip side terminal is less likely to occur, and connection of the measurement circuit to the measurement electrode can be made more reliably.
 本発明の測定装置では、前記測定回路による測定結果を表示するための表示部を外面に備えていることが好ましい。そうすれば、測定用ピペットの先端から吸引した試料溶液についての測定結果をユーザがすぐに確認することができる。 In the measuring apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that a display unit for displaying the measurement result by the measurement circuit is provided on the outer surface. Then, the user can immediately confirm the measurement result of the sample solution aspirated from the tip of the measurement pipette.
 本発明に係る測定方法は、ピペットの先端に本発明の測定用ピペットチップを装着するステップと、前記測定用ピペットチップの先端から試料溶液を吸引し、当該測定用ピペットチップの内部に設けられた測定用電極に試料溶液を接液させるステップと、前記測定用電極を介して前記測定用ピペットチップの先端から吸引した試料溶液の電気化学測定を行なうステップと、をその順に備えたものである。 The measurement method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: attaching the measurement pipette tip of the present invention to the tip of a pipette; aspirating a sample solution from the tip of the measurement pipette tip; and providing the inside of the measurement pipette tip The method comprises the steps of: bringing a sample solution into contact with a measurement electrode; and performing an electrochemical measurement of the sample solution drawn from the tip of the measurement pipette tip through the measurement electrode.
 上記ピペットは、上記の測定装置であることが好ましい。そうすれば、測定用ピペットチップの先端から吸引した試料溶液の測定を即座にかつ簡便に行なうことができる。 The pipette is preferably the above measuring device. Then, the measurement of the sample solution aspirated from the tip of the measurement pipette tip can be performed immediately and conveniently.
 本発明の測定用ピペットチップでは、先端の吸引口から吸引され内部空間に貯留された試料溶液と接する位置に測定用電極を備えているとともに、測定用電極に外部の電気回路を接続するためのチップ側端子を備えているので、当該測定用ピペットチップをピペットの先端に装着し、チップ側端子に測定用の電気回路を接続した状態で先端の吸引口から所定量の試料溶液を吸引することによって、測定用端子に試料溶液を確実に接液させ、その試料溶液の電気化学測定を簡便に行なうことができる。また、ピペットに装着し吸引によってサンプリングすることが可能であるため、口腔内の唾液や尿、血液といった生化学試料の測定を、コンタミネーションを防止しかつ実験者に感染しにくい状況で行なうことが可能になる。 In the measurement pipette tip of the present invention, a measurement electrode is provided at a position in contact with the sample solution sucked from the suction port at the tip and stored in the internal space, and for connecting an external electric circuit to the measurement electrode. Since the tip side terminal is provided, the measurement pipette tip is attached to the tip of the pipette, and while the electric circuit for measurement is connected to the tip side terminal, a predetermined amount of sample solution is aspirated from the suction port of the tip. Thus, the sample solution can be reliably brought into contact with the measurement terminal, and the electrochemical measurement of the sample solution can be easily performed. In addition, since it is possible to attach to a pipette and sample by aspiration, measurement of biochemical samples such as saliva, urine and blood in the oral cavity should be performed in a situation where contamination is prevented and the experimenter is unlikely to be infected. It will be possible.
 本発明の測定装置では、チップ装着部に上記の測定用ピペットチップを装着するとともに、装置側端子を測定用ピペットチップのチップ側端子と電気的に接続し、シリンジ部のピストンを動作させて測定用ピペットの先端の吸引口から所定量の試料溶液を吸引するだけで、測定用ピペットチップの測定用電極を介して試料溶液の電気化学測定を行なうことができるように構成されているので、試料溶液の電気化学測定を簡便に行なうことができる。 In the measuring apparatus of the present invention, the above-mentioned pipette tip for measurement is attached to the tip attaching portion, the device side terminal is electrically connected to the tip side terminal of the pipette tip for measurement, and measurement is performed by operating the piston of the syringe portion The sample solution is constructed so that electrochemical measurement can be performed via the measurement electrode of the measurement pipette tip simply by suctioning a predetermined amount of sample solution from the suction port of the tip of the pipette. The electrochemical measurement of the solution can be conveniently performed.
 さらに、本発明の測定装置はシリンジとしての機能を有するため、試料溶液を正確な容量で保持することができ、試料量に正確性が求められる分析方法、例えば吸光度分析や蛍光分析といった分析で、サンプリングの正確性を保障することができる。また、測定用ピペットチップの先端から吸引によって試料をサンプリングすることが可能であるため、口腔内の唾液や尿、血液といった生化学試料の測定を、コンタミネーションを防止しかつ実験者に感染しにくい状況で行なうことが可能になる。 Furthermore, since the measuring device of the present invention has a function as a syringe, it is possible to hold the sample solution in an accurate volume, and an analysis method in which the sample amount is required to be accurate, for example, analysis by absorbance analysis or fluorescence analysis, It is possible to guarantee the accuracy of sampling. In addition, since it is possible to sample the sample from the tip of the measurement pipette tip by aspiration, measurement of biochemical samples such as saliva, urine and blood in the oral cavity is prevented from contamination and it is difficult for the experimenter to get infected It can be done in situations.
 本発明の測定方法では、ピペットの先端に上記の測定用ピペットチップを装着し、測定用ピペットチップの先端から所定量の試料溶液を吸引して測定用電極に試料溶液を接液させ、測定用電極を介して測定用ピペットチップの先端から吸引した試料溶液の電気化学測定を行なうので、試料溶液が微量であっても測定用電極に試料溶液を確実に接液させることができ、試料溶液の電気化学測定を簡便に行なうことができる。 In the measurement method of the present invention, the above-mentioned pipette tip for measurement is attached to the tip of the pipette, a predetermined amount of sample solution is aspirated from the tip of the measurement pipette tip, and the sample solution is brought into contact with the measurement electrode Since the electrochemical measurement of the sample solution drawn from the tip of the measurement pipette tip through the electrode is performed, the sample solution can be reliably brought into contact with the measurement electrode even if the amount of the sample solution is very small. Electrochemical measurement can be easily performed.
測定用ピペットチップの一実施例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one Example of the pipette tip for measurement. (A)は同実施例の測定用ピペットチップの内部構造を示す断面図であり、(B)は同ピペットチップの電極基板の平面図である。(A) is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the pipette tip for measurement of the Example, (B) is a top view of the electrode substrate of the pipette tip. 測定装置の一実施例を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows one Example of a measuring apparatus. 同実施例の測定装置に測定用ピペットチップを装着した状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state which mounted the pipette tip for measurement to the measuring apparatus of the Example. 同実施例の測定装置の回路構成を概略的に示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows roughly the circuit structure of the measuring apparatus of the Example. 同実施例の測定装置を用いた測定方法を工程順に示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the measuring method using the measuring apparatus of the Example in order of a process.
 以下に、測定用ピペットチップとその測定用ピペットチップを用いる測定装置及び測定方法の実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of a measuring pipette tip and a measuring apparatus and measuring method using the measuring pipette tip will be described with reference to the drawings.
 まず、測定用ピペットチップの一実施例について、図1及び図2を用いて説明する。 First, one embodiment of the measurement pipette tip will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.
 図1に示されているように、測定用ピペットチップ2は、後述するピペット型の測定装置24(図4を参照。)の先端に装着して使用するものである。測定用ピペットチップ2が、基端側から先端側へいくにしたがって細くなる形状を有する。先端には液を吸引するための吸引口4が設けられ、基端には測定装置24の先端部が挿入される開口6が設けられている。先端の吸引口4は、吸引した溶液が測定中も滴下されることなく保持されるように工夫されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the measurement pipette tip 2 is used by being attached to the tip of a later-described pipette-type measurement device 24 (see FIG. 4). The measurement pipette tip 2 has a shape that becomes thinner as it goes from the proximal side to the distal side. The distal end is provided with a suction port 4 for sucking the liquid, and the proximal end is provided with an opening 6 into which the distal end portion of the measuring device 24 is inserted. The suction port 4 at the tip is designed so that the suctioned solution is held without dripping during measurement.
 図2(A)に示されているように、測定用ピペットチップ2の内部には、先端の吸引口4から吸引された所定量の試料溶液を貯留するための空間8が設けられており、基端の開口6は空間8を介して先端の吸引口4と連通している。空間8内に平板状の電極基板10が固定されている。先端の吸引口4の内径は、吸引口4から所定量の試料溶液を吸引した後で吸引口4が鉛直下方へ向けられたときに、空間8内の試料溶液が吸引口4から滴下されないような大きさ(例えば、0.5mm以下)である。 As shown in FIG. 2A, a space 8 for storing a predetermined amount of sample solution sucked from the suction port 4 at the tip is provided inside the measurement pipette tip 2, The opening 6 at the proximal end communicates with the suction port 4 at the distal end via the space 8. A flat electrode substrate 10 is fixed in the space 8. The inner diameter of the suction port 4 at the tip prevents the sample solution in the space 8 from being dropped from the suction port 4 when the suction port 4 is directed vertically downward after sucking a predetermined amount of sample solution from the suction port 4 Size (for example, 0.5 mm or less).
 図2(B)に示されているように、電極基板10の一端側(図において右側)に3つの測定用電極12,14,16が設けられている。測定用電極12,14,16は電気化学測定を行なうためのものであり、いずれかが作用電極、参照電極、対極としての機能を果たすものである。測定用電極12,14,16はそれぞれ、電極基板10の他端側へ引き出されて接続用の端子18,20,22(チップ側端子)をなしている。 As shown in FIG. 2B, three measurement electrodes 12, 14, 16 are provided on one end side (right side in the figure) of the electrode substrate 10. As shown in FIG. The measurement electrodes 12, 14 and 16 are for performing electrochemical measurement, and any one of them serves as a working electrode, a reference electrode, and a counter electrode. The measuring electrodes 12, 14 and 16 are drawn to the other end side of the electrode substrate 10 to form connection terminals 18, 20 and 22 (chip side terminals).
 電極基板10は、測定用電極12,14,16の設けられている一端が測定用ピペットチップ2の先端側、端子18,20,22の設けられている他端が測定用ピペットチップ2の基端側を向くように配置されている。電極基板10は、測定用ピペットチップ2内の空間8に所定量(例えば、10μL)の試料溶液が吸引されたときに、測定用電極12,14,16が試料溶液と接し、端子18,20,22が試料溶液と接しない位置に設けられている。 The electrode substrate 10 has one end provided with the measurement electrodes 12, 14 and 16 at the tip end side of the measurement pipette tip 2 and the other end provided with the terminals 18, 20 and 22 at the base of the measurement pipette tip 2. It is arranged to face the end side. In the electrode substrate 10, when a predetermined amount (for example, 10 μL) of the sample solution is drawn into the space 8 in the measurement pipette tip 2, the measurement electrodes 12, 14, 16 contact the sample solution, and the terminals 18, 20 , 22 are provided at positions not in contact with the sample solution.
 電極基板10の測定用電極12,14,16及び端子18,20,22は、例えばスパッタリング又はプリント印刷により形成されたカーボン薄膜により構成されている。測定対象に応じて、そのカーボン薄膜の表面に鍍金が施されていてもよい。例えば、測定対象が砒素や水銀などの重金属である場合には、カーボン薄膜の表面に金メッキ等を施すことができ、それによって測定感度を向上させることができる。 The measurement electrodes 12, 14, 16 and the terminals 18, 20, 22 of the electrode substrate 10 are made of, for example, a carbon thin film formed by sputtering or print printing. Plating may be applied to the surface of the carbon thin film according to the object to be measured. For example, when the object to be measured is a heavy metal such as arsenic or mercury, the surface of the carbon thin film can be plated with gold or the like, whereby the measurement sensitivity can be improved.
 なお、この実施例では、電極基板10に3つの測定用電極12,14,16を設けているが、電極の数は2つであってもよいし、4つ以上であってもよい。少なくとも2つの測定用電極が設けられていれば、試料溶液の電気伝導度測定を行なうことが可能である。 In this embodiment, the three measurement electrodes 12, 14, 16 are provided on the electrode substrate 10. However, the number of electrodes may be two or four or more. If at least two measuring electrodes are provided, it is possible to perform the conductivity measurement of the sample solution.
 次に、上記の測定用ピペットチップ2を用いる測定装置24の一実施例について、図3及び図4を用いて説明する。 Next, an embodiment of a measuring apparatus 24 using the above-described measuring pipette tip 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
 測定装置24は、液の吸引と吐出を行なうピペットとしての機能を有するものである。測定装置24の筐体の内部には、液の吸引と吐出を行なうためのシリンジ部32と、電気化学測定を行なうための測定回路基板42が収容されている。先端部にチップ装着部28が設けられており、チップ装着部28を測定用ピペットチップ2の基端に設けられた開口6(図1を参照。)に挿入することで、先端部に測定用ピペットチップ2が装着されるようになっている。チップ装着部28の先端面にシリンジ部32と連通する開口30が設けられている。 The measuring device 24 has a function as a pipette for aspirating and discharging a liquid. A syringe unit 32 for suctioning and discharging a liquid and a measurement circuit board 42 for performing an electrochemical measurement are accommodated in the housing of the measuring device 24. The tip mounting portion 28 is provided at the distal end portion, and the tip mounting portion 28 is inserted into the opening 6 (see FIG. 1) provided at the proximal end of the measurement pipette tip 2 to measure the distal end portion. The pipette tip 2 is to be attached. An opening 30 communicating with the syringe unit 32 is provided on the tip end surface of the tip mounting unit 28.
 シリンジ部32の内部にはピストン34が一軸方向へ摺動可能に設けられている。チップ装着部28に測定用ピペットチップ2が装着された状態でピストン34をシリンジ部32内で摺動させることによって、測定用ピペットチップ2を介して液の吸引と吐出を行なうことができる。ピストン34を駆動するための駆動軸36は筐体26の基端面から突出しており、駆動軸36の端部に例えば円盤形状の押圧部38が設けられている。 A piston 34 is provided slidably inside the syringe unit 32 in one axial direction. By sliding the piston 34 in the syringe unit 32 in a state where the measurement pipette tip 2 is attached to the tip attachment unit 28, suction and discharge of liquid can be performed via the measurement pipette tip 2. A drive shaft 36 for driving the piston 34 protrudes from the base end surface of the housing 26, and a disc-like pressing portion 38 is provided at an end of the drive shaft 36.
 図示は省略されているが、駆動軸36はコイルバネなどの弾性体によって基端側(図において上側)へ付勢されており、ユーザが押圧部38を先端側(図において下側)へ押圧すると弾性体の弾性力によって駆動軸36が基端側へ自動的に戻るようになっている。 Although illustration is omitted, the drive shaft 36 is biased to the base end side (upper side in the figure) by an elastic body such as a coil spring, and when the user presses the pressing portion 38 to the distal side (lower side in the figure) The drive shaft 36 is automatically returned to the proximal side by the elastic force of the elastic body.
 チップ装着部28の先端部に端子部40が設けられている。端子部40は、図4に示されているように、チップ装着部28に測定用ピペットチップ2が装着されたときに電極基板10の端子18,20,22(図2を参照。)と接触するように設けられている。端子部40には、測定用ピペットチップ2内の電極基板10の端子18,20,22のそれぞれに対応する装置側端子が設けられている。端子部40の各装置側端子は測定用回路基板42と導通している。 A terminal portion 40 is provided at the tip of the chip mounting portion 28. As shown in FIG. 4, the terminal portion 40 contacts the terminals 18, 20, 22 (see FIG. 2) of the electrode substrate 10 when the measurement pipette tip 2 is mounted on the tip mounting portion 28. It is provided to do. The terminal portion 40 is provided with device-side terminals corresponding to the terminals 18, 20, 22 of the electrode substrate 10 in the measurement pipette tip 2, respectively. Each device-side terminal of the terminal unit 40 is electrically connected to the measurement circuit board 42.
 図には表れていないが、チップ装着部28は測定用ピペットチップ2の開口6に一定の位置関係をもって嵌め込まれる形状を有し、測定用ピペットチップ2の開口6にチップ装着部28が嵌め込まれたときに、端子部40の各装置側端子が電極基板10の端子18,20,22に対して位置決めされるようになっている。これにより、チップ装着部28に測定用ピペットチップ2が装着されたときに、測定装置24の内部に設けられている測定回路基板42が測定用ピペットチップ2の電極基板10の測定用電極12,14,16と電気的に接続され、吸引口4から吸引された試料溶液Sの電気化学測定を、測定用電極12,14,16を介して行なうことができる。 Although not shown in the figure, the tip mounting portion 28 has a shape to be fitted into the opening 6 of the measuring pipette tip 2 with a fixed positional relationship, and the tip mounting portion 28 is fitted into the opening 6 of the measuring pipette tip 2 At this time, each device-side terminal of the terminal portion 40 is positioned with respect to the terminals 18, 20, 22 of the electrode substrate 10. Thus, when the measurement pipette tip 2 is attached to the tip attachment portion 28, the measurement circuit board 42 provided inside the measurement device 24 becomes the measurement electrode 12 of the electrode substrate 10 of the measurement pipette tip 2, The electrochemical measurement of the sample solution S electrically connected to 14 and 16 and sucked from the suction port 4 can be performed via the measurement electrodes 12, 14 and 16.
 なお、測定用ピペットチップ2の吸引口4からの吸引量が常時一定になるようにしてもよい。例えば、ユーザが押圧部38を奥まで押し下げてから手を離すだけで、所定量(例えば、10μL)の試料溶液が自動的に吸引されるように構成する。これにより、測定用ピペットチップ2の吸引口4から試料溶液が吸引されたときに、電極基板10の測定用電極12,14,16に試料溶液が確実に接液するようになる。 The amount of suction from the suction port 4 of the measurement pipette tip 2 may be always constant. For example, a predetermined amount (for example, 10 μL) of the sample solution is automatically aspirated only by releasing the pressing portion 38 all the way down and then releasing the hand. As a result, when the sample solution is aspirated from the suction port 4 of the measurement pipette tip 2, the sample solution reliably contacts the measurement electrodes 12, 14, 16 of the electrode substrate 10.
 なお、端子部40は、チップ装着部28に測定用ピペットチップ2が装着されたときに、各装置側端子が電極基板10の各端子18,20,22と接触するものであれば、いかなる形状であってもよい。例えば、端子部40の各装置側端子が円環形状を有し、チップ装着部28に対する測定用ピペットチップ2の装着方向に関係なく、互いに対応する端子同士が接触するように構成されていてもよい。 The terminal portion 40 has any shape as long as each device-side terminal is in contact with each terminal 18, 20, 22 of the electrode substrate 10 when the measurement pipette tip 2 is attached to the tip attachment portion 28. It may be For example, each device-side terminal of the terminal unit 40 has an annular shape, and even if the corresponding terminals are in contact with each other regardless of the mounting direction of the measurement pipette tip 2 to the tip mounting unit 28 Good.
 筐体26の外面(この実施例では基端面)に操作部44と表示部46が設けられている。操作部44は、電源のオン・オフや測定の開始、表示部46に表示される情報の変更といった操作をユーザが行なうための操作ボタンである。表示部46は、例えば小型液晶ディスプレイによって実現されるものである。なお、表示部46をタッチパネルで構成し、表示部46に操作部44の機能を兼ね備えさせてもよい。操作部44と表示部46はともに、測定回路基板42と電気的に接続されている。 An operation unit 44 and a display unit 46 are provided on the outer surface of the housing 26 (a base end surface in this embodiment). The operation unit 44 is an operation button for the user to perform operations such as power on / off, start of measurement, and change of information displayed on the display unit 46. The display unit 46 is realized by, for example, a small liquid crystal display. The display unit 46 may be configured by a touch panel, and the display unit 46 may have the function of the operation unit 44. The operation unit 44 and the display unit 46 are both electrically connected to the measurement circuit board 42.
 また、図3及び図4には示されていないが、測定装置24は電源部48(図5を参照。)を備えている。電源部48は、例えば乾電池や充電バッテリーなどによって実現することができる。電源部48により、測定回路基板42や表示部46へ必要な電力が供給される。 Although not shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the measuring device 24 includes a power supply unit 48 (see FIG. 5). The power supply unit 48 can be realized by, for example, a dry battery or a charge battery. The power supply unit 48 supplies necessary power to the measurement circuit board 42 and the display unit 46.
 測定装置24の回路構成の一例について、図5のブロック図を用いて説明する。 An example of the circuit configuration of the measuring device 24 will be described using the block diagram of FIG.
 測定回路基板42は、演算制御部50、電圧印加部52及び電流検出部54を備えている。演算制御部50は、電気化学測定で得られた測定値を用いて所定の演算処理を行なうとともに、操作部44を介して入力されたユーザからの指令に基づいて、電圧印加部52に必要な信号を送信したり、表示部46に測定結果等の情報を表示させたりする機能である。演算制御部50は、例えばマイクロコンピュータが所定のプログラムを実行することによって実現される機能である。 The measurement circuit board 42 includes an arithmetic control unit 50, a voltage application unit 52, and a current detection unit 54. The arithmetic control unit 50 performs predetermined arithmetic processing using the measurement values obtained by the electrochemical measurement, and is necessary for the voltage application unit 52 based on a command from the user input through the operation unit 44. It is a function of transmitting a signal or displaying information such as a measurement result on the display unit 46. The arithmetic control unit 50 is, for example, a function realized by the microcomputer executing a predetermined program.
 電圧印加部52は、演算制御部50からの測定開始の信号を受信したときに、端子部40の装置側端子を介して測定用ピペットチップ40の2つの測定用電極(作用電極と参照電極)間に所定の大きさの電圧を印加するように構成されている。 When the voltage application unit 52 receives the measurement start signal from the operation control unit 50, the two measurement electrodes (working electrode and reference electrode) of the measurement pipette tip 40 via the device side terminal of the terminal unit 40 It is configured to apply a voltage of a predetermined magnitude between them.
 電流検出部54は、端子部40の装置側端子を介して測定用ピペットチップ40の2つの測定用電極(作用電極と対極)間を流れる電流の大きさを検出するように構成されている。電流検出部54は、検出した電流の大きさに関する信号は演算制御部50に取り込まれる。 The current detection unit 54 is configured to detect the magnitude of the current flowing between the two measurement electrodes (the working electrode and the counter electrode) of the measurement pipette tip 40 via the device side terminal of the terminal unit 40. The current detection unit 54 takes in a signal relating to the magnitude of the detected current to the calculation control unit 50.
 演算制御部50は、電流検出部54から取り込んだ信号の基づき、例えば予め用意された検量線を用いて、試料溶液中の特定成分濃度等の計算を行ない、測定結果を表示部46に表示するように構成されている。 The arithmetic control unit 50 calculates the concentration of a specific component or the like in the sample solution using, for example, a calibration curve prepared in advance, based on the signal received from the current detection unit 54, and displays the measurement result on the display unit 46. Is configured as.
 また、検出装置24は、USB(ユニバーサル・シリアル・バス)端子といった有線通信手段や無線通信手段によってパーソナルコンピュータ等の外部機器へ情報を出力することができるように、外部出力部56を備えていてもよい。その場合、演算制御部50は、外部出力部56を介して測定データ等を外部機器へ出力するように構成されている。 The detection device 24 also includes an external output unit 56 so that information can be output to an external device such as a personal computer by wired communication means such as a USB (universal serial bus) terminal or wireless communication means. It is also good. In that case, the arithmetic control unit 50 is configured to output measurement data and the like to an external device via the external output unit 56.
 以上において説明した測定用ピペットチップ2及び測定装置24を用いた測定方法の一例について、図5とともに図6のフローチャートを用いて説明する。 An example of the measurement method using the measurement pipette tip 2 and the measurement apparatus 24 described above will be described using the flowchart of FIG. 6 together with FIG.
 まず、検出装置24の先端に測定用ピペットチップ2を装着する(ステップS1)。測定用ピペットチップ2の先端を試料溶液に浸し、所定量の試料溶液Sを吸引する(ステップS2)。これにより、測定用ピペットチップ2内において測定用電極12,14,16が試料溶液Sに浸漬される(図4を参照。)。 First, the measurement pipette tip 2 is attached to the tip of the detection device 24 (step S1). The tip of the measurement pipette tip 2 is immersed in the sample solution, and a predetermined amount of sample solution S is aspirated (step S2). Thereby, the measurement electrodes 12, 14 and 16 are immersed in the sample solution S in the measurement pipette tip 2 (see FIG. 4).
 この状態で、例えばユーザが測定開始ボタン(操作部44)を押下することによって、演算制御部50が電圧印加部52へ測定開始の信号を発し、電圧印加部52が2つの測定用電極(作用電極と参照電極)間に所定の大きさの電圧を印加する(ステップS3)。電圧を印加してから一定時間(例えば、30秒)が経過した後、電流検出部54が2つの測定用電極(作用電極と対極)の間を流れる電流値を測定する(ステップS4)。 In this state, for example, when the user presses the measurement start button (the operation unit 44), the arithmetic control unit 50 issues a signal to start the measurement to the voltage application unit 52, and the voltage application unit 52 has two measurement electrodes (function A voltage of a predetermined magnitude is applied between the electrode and the reference electrode (step S3). After a predetermined time (for example, 30 seconds) has elapsed since the voltage application, the current detection unit 54 measures the current value flowing between the two measurement electrodes (working electrode and counter electrode) (step S4).
 演算制御部50は、電流検出部54により測定された電流値に基づいて試料溶液中の特定成分濃度を定量し(ステップS5)、その測定結果を表示部46に表示する(ステップS6)。 The arithmetic control unit 50 quantifies the concentration of the specific component in the sample solution based on the current value measured by the current detection unit 54 (step S5), and displays the measurement result on the display unit 46 (step S6).
 以上において説明したように、実施例の測定装置24は、その先端に測定用ピペットチップ2を装着し、吸引口4から所定量の試料溶液を吸引するだけで、測定用電極12,14,16に試料溶液を確実に接液させて試料溶液の電気化学測定を行なうことができるので、簡便かつ迅速な電気化学測定の実施が可能である。 As described above, the measuring device 24 of the embodiment has the measuring pipette tip 2 attached to the tip thereof, and only suctions a predetermined amount of sample solution from the suction port 4 to obtain the measuring electrodes 12, 14, 16. Since the sample solution can be reliably brought into contact with the sample solution to perform electrochemical measurement of the sample solution, simple and rapid electrochemical measurement can be performed.
   2   測定用ピペットチップ
   4   吸引口
   6   測定用ピペットチップの開口
   8   測定用ピペットチップ内の空間
   10   電極基板
   12,14,16   測定用電極
   18,20,22   端子(チップ側端子)
   24   測定装置
   26   筐体
   28   チップ装着部
   30   測定装置の開口
   32   シリンジ部
   34   ピストン
   36   駆動軸
   38   押圧部
   40   端子部(装置側端子)
   42   測定回路基板(測定回路)
   44   操作部
   46   表示部
   48   電源部
   50   演算制御部
   52   電圧印加部
   54   電流検出部
   56   外部出力部
2 pipette tip for measurement 4 suction port 6 opening of pipette tip for measurement 8 space in pipette tip for measurement 10 electrode substrate 12, 14, 16 measurement electrode 18, 20, 22 terminal (tip side terminal)
24 Measurement device 26 Case 28 Tip mounting portion 30 Opening of measurement device 32 Syringe portion 34 Piston 36 Drive shaft 38 Pressing portion 40 Terminal portion (Device side terminal)
42 Measurement circuit board (measurement circuit)
44 operation unit 46 display unit 48 power supply unit 50 arithmetic control unit 52 voltage application unit 54 current detection unit 56 external output unit

Claims (7)

  1.  先端に試料溶液を吸引するための吸引口を有するとともに前記吸引口から吸引された所定量の試料溶液を貯留するための内部空間を有し、ピペットの先端に装着される測定用ピペットチップであって、
     前記吸引口から吸引され前記内部空間に貯留された試料溶液と触れる位置に設けられ、その試料溶液の電気化学測定を行なうための測定用電極と、
     当該測定用ピペットチップの外部に設けられる電気回路を前記測定用電極に電気的に接続するためのチップ側端子と、を備えた測定用ピペットチップ。
    A measuring pipette tip attached to a tip of a pipette, having a suction port for sucking a sample solution at a tip and an internal space for storing a predetermined amount of sample solution sucked from the suction port. ,
    A measurement electrode provided at a position to be in contact with the sample solution sucked from the suction port and stored in the internal space, and for performing electrochemical measurement of the sample solution;
    And a tip side terminal for electrically connecting an electric circuit provided outside the measurement pipette tip to the measurement electrode.
  2.  請求項1に記載の測定用ピペットチップを装着するためのチップ装着部と、
     前記チップ装着部と連通する内部空間を有し、その内部空間においてピストンが摺動することにより、前記チップ装着部に装着された前記測定用ピペットチップの先端から試料溶液を吸引するように構成されたシリンジ部と、
     前記チップ装着部に装着された前記測定用ピペットチップのチップ側端子と電気的に接続するための装置側端子と、
     前記装置側端子を介して前記測定用ピペットチップの測定用電極と導通し、前記測定用電極を介して前記測定用ピペットチップの先端から吸引された試料溶液の電気化学測定を行なう測定回路と、を備えた測定装置。
    A tip mounting unit for mounting the measurement pipette tip according to claim 1;
    It has an internal space in communication with the tip mounting portion, and when the piston slides in the internal space, the sample solution is drawn from the tip of the measurement pipette tip mounted on the tip mounting portion. The syringe unit,
    An apparatus-side terminal for electrically connecting to a tip-side terminal of the measurement pipette tip mounted to the chip mounting portion;
    A measurement circuit electrically connected to the measurement electrode of the measurement pipette tip via the device-side terminal, and performing electrochemical measurement of a sample solution drawn from the tip of the measurement pipette tip via the measurement electrode; Measuring device with.
  3.  前記測定用ピペットチップの前記チップ側端子は当該測定用ピペットチップの内部空間に設けられ、
     前記装置側端子は、前記チップ装着部に装着された前記測定用ピペットチップの前記チップ側端子と接触するように前記チップ装着部に設けられている、請求項2に記載の測定装置。
    The tip side terminal of the measurement pipette tip is provided in the internal space of the measurement pipette tip
    The measurement device according to claim 2, wherein the device-side terminal is provided in the chip mounting portion so as to contact the chip-side terminal of the measurement pipette chip mounted in the chip mounting portion.
  4.  前記チップ装着部は、前記測定用ピペットチップの基端に設けられた開口に一定の位置関係をもって嵌め込まれる形状を有し、
     前記チップ装着部が前記測定用ピペットチップの前記開口に前記一定の位置関係をもって嵌め込まれたときに、前記装置側端子が前記チップ側端子に対して位置決めされるように構成されている、請求項3に記載の測定装置。
    The tip mounting portion has a shape that is fitted into an opening provided at the proximal end of the measurement pipette tip with a fixed positional relationship,
    The apparatus side terminal is configured to be positioned with respect to the tip side terminal when the tip mounting portion is fitted into the opening of the measurement pipette tip with the predetermined positional relationship. The measuring device as described in 3.
  5.  前記測定回路による測定結果を表示するための表示部を外面に備えている、請求項2から4のいずれか一項に記載の測定装置。 The measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a display unit on an outer surface for displaying a measurement result by the measurement circuit.
  6.  ピペットの先端に請求項1に記載の測定用ピペットチップを装着するステップと、
     前記測定用ピペットチップの先端から試料溶液を吸引し、当該測定用ピペットチップの内部に設けられた測定用電極に試料溶液を接液させるステップと、
     前記測定用電極を介して前記測定用ピペットチップの先端から吸引した試料溶液の電気化学測定を行なうステップと、をその順に備えた測定方法。
    Attaching the measurement pipette tip according to claim 1 to the tip of the pipette;
    Aspirating a sample solution from the tip of the measurement pipette tip, and bringing the sample solution into contact with a measurement electrode provided inside the measurement pipette tip;
    Performing electrochemical measurement of the sample solution aspirated from the tip of the measurement pipette tip through the measurement electrode.
  7.  前記ピペットは請求項2から5のいずれか一項に記載の測定装置である、請求項6に記載の測定方法。 The measurement method according to claim 6, wherein the pipette is the measurement device according to any one of claims 2 to 5.
PCT/JP2017/023676 2017-06-28 2017-06-28 Measuring pipette tip, and measurement device and measurement method using said measuring pipette tip WO2019003328A1 (en)

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JPS63145164A (en) * 1986-12-10 1988-06-17 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co Control circuit for hydraulic device for vehicle
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