WO2019000948A1 - 三维立体显示面板、其显示方法及显示装置 - Google Patents
三维立体显示面板、其显示方法及显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019000948A1 WO2019000948A1 PCT/CN2018/075067 CN2018075067W WO2019000948A1 WO 2019000948 A1 WO2019000948 A1 WO 2019000948A1 CN 2018075067 W CN2018075067 W CN 2018075067W WO 2019000948 A1 WO2019000948 A1 WO 2019000948A1
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- display panel
- display
- image
- dimensional
- microlens array
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
- H04N13/305—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
- H04N13/307—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using fly-eye lenses, e.g. arrangements of circular lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J2203/00—Aspects of optical multiplex systems other than those covered by H04J14/05 and H04J14/07
- H04J2203/0001—Provisions for broadband connections in integrated services digital network using frames of the Optical Transport Network [OTN] or using synchronous transfer mode [STM], e.g. SONET, SDH
- H04J2203/0089—Multiplexing, e.g. coding, scrambling, SONET
- H04J2203/0094—Virtual Concatenation
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a three-dimensional stereoscopic display panel, a display method thereof, and a display device.
- the integrated imaging three-dimensional display does not need to wear stereo glasses and other auxiliary devices, and is a naked-eye three-dimensional display technology; since the viewer can watch the image, it can be viewed like Focusing and zooming like a real 3D scene has the significant advantage of ignoring fatigue.
- integrated imaging technology has become one of the leading 3D display technologies without the need for coherent light sources, no darkroom, simple structure and full color display.
- Integrated imaging records and reproduces real 3D scenes through a two-dimensional array of microlenses.
- the three-dimensional scene is imaged through each lens in the array to obtain a series of two-dimensional images; in the present process, the two-dimensional image is displayed on the display, and the image is displayed through the same microlens array. According to the principle of reversible optical path, the reproduction of the three-dimensional scene can be realized.
- Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a three-dimensional stereoscopic display panel, a display method thereof, and a display device.
- an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a three-dimensional display panel, including: a first display panel, a second display panel, and a microlens array which are sequentially stacked; wherein the first display panel and the second The display panel has the same light exiting direction, and the microlens array is located in the light exiting direction; a distance between the first display panel and the microlens array is greater than a focal length of the microlens array; The distance between the display panel and the microlens array is smaller than the focal length of the microlens array; and wherein the second display panel is a transmissive display panel.
- the second display panel is a liquid crystal display panel or a transparent organic light emitting diode display panel.
- the first display panel is a liquid crystal display panel or an organic light emitting diode display panel.
- the display images of the first display panel and the second display panel each include a plurality of unit images, and each of the unit images Both are displayed by a plurality of pixels arranged in the array.
- one microlens corresponds to at least one unit image of the first display panel; one microlens corresponds to at least one of the second display panels Unit image.
- each of the microlenses corresponds to each unit image of the first display panel; each of the microlenses and the The unit images of the second display panel are in one-to-one correspondence.
- the microlens array when performing three-dimensional stereoscopic display, is configured to create a virtual image on the display image of the second display panel,
- the display image of the first display panel of the second display panel is a real image, and the virtual image and the real image are superimposed to realize three-dimensional stereoscopic display.
- an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display device, including the three-dimensional display panel of any of the above embodiments.
- a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a display method of a three-dimensional display panel according to any of the above embodiments, including:
- Controlling the first display panel to perform image display causing the display image of the first display panel to pass through the second display panel, and then forming a real image through the microlens array; and controlling the second display panel to perform image display, and
- the display image of the second display panel is a virtual image through the microlens array, and the virtual image is superimposed with the real image to realize three-dimensional display.
- the first display panel and the second display panel alternately perform image display in order.
- the second display panel is a liquid crystal display panel
- the second display panel When the first display panel performs image display, the second display panel is in a light transmitting state;
- the first display panel serves as a backlight of the second display panel when the second display panel performs image display.
- the method further includes:
- the pixels of the first display panel Displaying, according to the color of the color film of the second display panel corresponding to each pixel of the first display panel and the color of the display image that the first display panel needs to display, the pixels of the first display panel The color is adjusted such that the color of the display image after the first display panel passes through the second display panel meets the demand.
- the display images of the first display panel and the second display panel each include a plurality of unit images, and each of the unit images is composed of The plurality of pixels arranged in the array are displayed; the unit image displayed by the first display panel is a foreground image; and the unit image displayed by the second display panel is a background image.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- 2a is a schematic diagram of imaging of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2b is a second schematic diagram of imaging of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an imaging principle provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an imaging relationship provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an imaging depth of field according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 6 is a third schematic diagram of imaging of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing an imaging effect of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a display method of a three-dimensional stereoscopic display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a color compensation step of a display method of a three-dimensional stereoscopic display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- embodiments of the present disclosure provide a three-dimensional stereoscopic display panel, a display method thereof, and a display device for improving the resolution of a three-dimensional image and increasing the depth range of the three-dimensional image.
- a three-dimensional display panel includes: a first display panel 11 , a second display panel 12 , and a microlens array 13 which are sequentially stacked; wherein the first display panel 11
- the second display panel 12 has the same light exiting direction, and the microlens array 13 is located in the light exiting direction; the distance between the first display panel 11 and the microlens array 13 is greater than the micro a focal length of the lens array 13; a distance between the second display panel 12 and the microlens array 13 is smaller than a focal length of the microlens array 13; and wherein the second display panel 12 is a transmissive display panel.
- the viewer should be located on the side of the microlens array 13 facing away from the second display panel 12 to view the three-dimensional stereoscopic image.
- the display image of the first display panel 11 is incident on the microlens array 13 through the second display panel 12, and the real image is formed on the side of the microlens array 13 facing away from the second display panel 12; the display image of the second display panel 12 can be directly incident to
- the microlens array 13 is a virtual image on the side of the first display panel 11 facing away from the second display panel 12, and the viewer can visually superimpose the real image and the virtual image to view the three-dimensional stereoscopic image.
- the depth range of the clear three-dimensional image can be viewed as between the real image and the virtual image, which greatly increases the depth range compared with the prior art.
- the pixels of the real image and the virtual image are not overlapped with each other, thereby improving the resolution of the three-dimensional image and improving the resolution. Watch the experience.
- the microlens array records information of different object points in different directions of the three-dimensional scene.
- three-dimensional stereoscopic display it can be divided into the following two cases in the embodiment of the present disclosure:
- the display panel corresponds to the first display panel 11, and the first display panel 11
- the display image passes through the microlens array 13 and becomes a real image on the side of the microlens array 13 facing away from the first display panel 11.
- the object point in the first display panel 11 shown in FIG. 2a is a three-dimensional image point A after passing through the microlens array 13; and the image composed of all the three-dimensional pixels can realize the stereoscopic effect of the screen.
- the display panel corresponds to the second display panel 12, and the second display panel 12
- the display image passes through the microlens array 13 and becomes a virtual image on the side of the second display panel 12 facing away from the microlens array 13.
- the object point in the second display panel 12 shown in Fig. 2b is a three-dimensional image point A' after passing through the microlens array 13, and the image composed of all the voxels can realize the stereoscopic effect of entering the screen.
- the light emitted by the object points in the image displayed by the first display panel and the second display panel located at different positions is concentrated in the image space and integrated into a three-dimensional image point, and the plane in which the three-dimensional image point is located is called an integration plane (Integration) Plane), and the image plane imaged by the display panel through the microlens array is called the Central Depth Plane (CDP), and the resolution of the image points on the center depth plane is the highest.
- the distance l between the CDP and the microlens array can be determined by a Gaussian imaging formula:
- the center depth plane is denoted by C
- the integration plane is denoted by I.
- the display image in the first display panel 11 is a real image on the other side of the microlens array after passing through the microlens array 13. Since there are different integration planes I in the three-dimensional image space, when the distance between the integration plane I and the center depth plane C exceeds a certain range, the three-dimensional image points are greatly diffused, and the three-dimensional image becomes blurred. Therefore, the integration plane cannot be too far away from the center depth plane, so that the three-dimensional image is limited to a small range on both sides of the center depth plane, resulting in a smaller depth range of the three-dimensional image.
- pixels having a certain size on the display panel P d after the microlens array 13 will form a three-dimensional image of the size of the pixel P I on the central depth plane C. According to the principle of paraxial imaging, the following relationship can be obtained:
- the image resolution and 3D imaging depth of 3D stereo imaging are important parameters to measure the imaging effect.
- the image resolution refers to the resolution of reproducing the three-dimensional imaging, which is determined by the resolution of the display panel, the distance between the display panel and the microlens array, and the focal length of the microlens.
- the image resolution R I is numerically equal to the reciprocal of the pixel size P I of the three-dimensional image on the central depth plane, ie:
- the image resolution on the central depth plane can satisfy the following relationship:
- the edge depth plane can be divided into a front edge depth plane F and a trailing edge depth plane B on both sides of the center depth plane C. Then, from the imaging relationship shown in FIG. 5, the depth ⁇ Z of the three-dimensional image can be obtained to satisfy the following relationship:
- P 0 represents the pitch of the microlenses, and when the microlenses are closely arranged, the aperture of the lens can also be represented.
- the pixel size P I of the three-dimensional image is equal to the size of the microlens aperture, so the image resolution can also be expressed as:
- the depth ⁇ Z of the three-dimensional image can be expressed as:
- the resolution and depth of the three-dimensional image have a mutually constrained relationship after the resolution R d of the display panel is determined.
- Increasing the aperture size of the microlens reduces the resolution of the three-dimensional image and increases the depth of the three-dimensional image.
- the aperture size of the microlens is reduced, the resolution of the three-dimensional image can be improved, and the depth of the three-dimensional image is reduced.
- the above display panel provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first display panel 11 and a second display panel 12 , and a complete three-dimensional stereoscopic image of the images displayed by the two display panels. Therefore, the foreground and background images can be separately recorded in the image recording stage, and two display panels are used in the reproduction stage to respectively display the foreground and background images of the recording.
- the microlens array 13 can be controlled to face away from the second display panel 12 .
- a first display panel that is solid on one side displays the recorded foreground image, and controls the second display panel 12 that is a virtual image on the side of the first display panel 11 facing away from the second display panel 12 to display the recorded background image, thereby viewing The angle can be viewed to superimpose the foreground and background three-dimensional images.
- the first display panel 11 and the second display panel 12 are respectively located on both sides of the focal plane FP of the microlens array 13, and the first display panel 11 is doubled in the microlens array 13.
- the focal length is between the focal length and the double focal length
- the display image thereof can be an enlarged real image
- the first display panel 11 is located outside the double focal length of the microlens array 13
- the display image thereof can be a reduced real image. Therefore, the position of the first display panel 11 can be set according to the effect of enlarging or reducing the foreground of the three-dimensional image that is actually required.
- the depth of the three-dimensional image is no longer the depth near the central depth plane corresponding to the single display panel, and the first central depth plane C1 corresponding to the first display panel 11 A clear three-dimensional image can be seen in the vicinity of the second center depth plane C2 corresponding to the second display panel 12.
- the integrated plane that can view the clear three-dimensional image in the depth range corresponding to the first central depth plane C1 may be I1, and is viewable within the depth range corresponding to the second central depth plane C2.
- the integrated plane to the clearer three-dimensional image can be I2, then the three-dimensional image can be viewed in the depth range of I1 to I2, so the depth range of the three-dimensional image is greatly larger than the conventional three-dimensional display using a single display panel. increase.
- the resolution of the three-dimensional image as described above is determined by the resolution of the display panel, the distance between the display panel and the microlens array, and the focal length of the microlens, and the first display panel 11 and the first can be adjusted in practical applications.
- the resolution of the display panel 12 is adjusted to adjust the object distance between the first display panel 11 and the microlens array 13 to adjust the object distance between the second display panel 12 and the microlens array 13 so that the three-dimensional image can be rendered.
- P1 represents imaging of the pixels of the first display panel 11
- P2 represents imaging of pixels of the second display panel 12.
- the resolutions of the first display panel 11 and the second display panel 12 may be the same or different, and the pixel arrangement of the two display panels may be aligned with each other or may be offset from each other.
- the first display panel 11 can be a liquid crystal display panel or an organic light emitting diode display panel.
- the second display panel 12 needs to transmit the display screen of the first display panel 11 to the microlens array. Therefore, the second display panel 12 needs to be transmissive. Display panel.
- the second display panel 12 can be a liquid crystal display panel or a transparent organic light emitting diode display panel.
- the display images of the first display panel 11 and the second display panel 12 each include a plurality of unit images, and the unit images are performed on the three-dimensional scene in the microlens array.
- a series of mutually independent two-dimensional images obtained by imaging, each unit image is different, and they are images containing three-dimensional scene information recorded by different directions from the microlens.
- Each unit image is displayed by a plurality of pixels arranged in an array in the display panel during the three-dimensional scene reproduction phase.
- one microlens may correspond to a unit image of at least one first display panel; one microlens may correspond to a unit image of at least one second display panel.
- each microlens is in a pair with each unit image of the first display panel; each microlens corresponds to each unit image of the second display panel.
- the size of one unit image is equal to the size of the aperture of one microlens.
- the correspondence between the microlens and the unit image may be determined according to the requirements of the specific product, which is not limited herein.
- the microlens array 13 is used to create a virtual image on the display image of the second display panel 12 .
- the display image transmitted through the first display panel 11 of the second display panel 12 is a real image, and the virtual image and the real image are superimposed to realize three-dimensional stereoscopic display.
- a specific embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, which includes the above-described three-dimensional stereoscopic display panel provided by any embodiment of the present disclosure, which has high resolution and large depth of field when performing three-dimensional stereoscopic display.
- a specific embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display method of a three-dimensional stereoscopic display panel according to any of the above embodiments. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the method includes the following steps:
- the second display panel is controlled to perform image display, so that the display image of the second display panel of the microlens array 13 is virtualized through the microlens array, and the virtual image of the microlens array 13 and the microlens array 13 are superimposed to realize three-dimensional display.
- the real image corresponding to the first display panel and the virtual image corresponding to the second display panel are respectively located on two sides of the microlens array, thereby greatly increasing the depth range of the three-dimensional image; and the final three-dimensional image is imaging the pixels of the two display panels.
- the composition also increases the resolution of the three-dimensional image.
- the first display panel 11 and the second display panel 12 may be controlled to alternately perform image display in order.
- the first display panel 11 can be first controlled to perform image display, and the second display panel 12 is in a light transmitting state; the second display panel 12 is controlled to perform image display, and the first display panel 11 is not Then perform image display.
- the image display switching speed of the first display panel 11 and the second display panel 12 is controlled to be greater than the frequency recognizable by the human eye, a high-resolution three-dimensional image can be seen due to the visual persistence effect of the human eye.
- the liquid crystal display panel 12 when the first display panel is controlled to perform image display, the liquid crystal display panel can be in a light transmitting state; when switching to a liquid crystal panel for image display, the first display panel can be used as a liquid crystal.
- the backlight of the display panel when the first display panel is controlled to perform image display, the liquid crystal display panel can be in a light transmitting state; when switching to a liquid crystal panel for image display, the first display panel can be used as a liquid crystal.
- the backlight of the display panel when switching to a liquid crystal panel for image display, the first display panel can be used as a liquid crystal.
- the first display panel is also a liquid crystal display panel, which is referred to as a first liquid crystal display panel, and the liquid crystal display panel of the second display panel is referred to as a second liquid crystal display panel
- the first liquid crystal display panel has a backlight
- the second liquid crystal display panel does not have a backlight.
- the first liquid crystal display panel can serve as a backlight of the second liquid crystal display panel.
- the first liquid crystal display panel may be set to a normally white mode to provide a white backlight for the second liquid crystal display panel.
- the display method further includes the following steps: color film color of the second display panel corresponding to each pixel of the first display panel and the first The color of the display image to be displayed on the display panel is adjusted, and the display color of each pixel of the first display panel is adjusted so that the color of the display image after the first display panel passes through the second display panel meets the demand.
- the color of each pixel in the first display panel is compensated in advance according to the normal color of the desired display image, and then the image is displayed through the second display panel, thereby solving the color film.
- the display images of the first display panel and the second display panel each include a plurality of unit images, and each unit image is displayed by a plurality of pixels arranged in the array; wherein, the first display panel displays The unit image is the foreground image; the unit image displayed by the second display panel is the background image.
- the display method of the three-dimensional stereoscopic display panel may further include the following steps:
- S901 first liquid crystal display panel first performs image display, and second liquid crystal display panel performs image display;
- S902 performs color compensation on each pixel of the first liquid crystal display panel
- S903 controls the first liquid crystal display panel to display the color compensated image, and controls the second liquid crystal display panel to be in a light transmitting state;
- S904 controls the first liquid crystal display panel to switch to the normally white mode, and controls the second liquid crystal display panel to perform image display.
- the present invention provides a three-dimensional display panel, a display method thereof, and a display device, including a first display panel, a second display panel on the light-emitting side of the first display panel, and a microlens array on the light-emitting side of the second display panel;
- the distance between the first display panel and the microlens array is greater than the focal length of the microlens array; the distance between the second display panel and the microlens array is smaller than the focal length of the microlens array; and the microlens array is used for three-dimensional display.
- the display image for the second display panel is a virtual image
- the display image of the first display panel that passes through the second display panel is a real image
- the three-dimensional display is realized by superimposing the virtual image and the real image.
- the virtual image corresponding to the first display panel and the virtual image corresponding to the second display panel are respectively located on both sides of the microlens array, thereby greatly increasing the depth range of the three-dimensional image; and the final three-dimensional image is formed by imaging the pixels of the two display panels. Therefore, the resolution of the three-dimensional image is also improved.
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Abstract
一种三维立体显示面板、其显示方法及显示装置。三维立体显示面板包括：依次层叠设置的第一显示面板（11）、第二显示面板（12）、以及微透镜阵列（13）；第一显示面板（11）和第二显示面板（12）具有相同的出光方向，并且微透镜阵列（13）位于出光方向上；第一显示面板（11）与微透镜阵列（13）之间的距离大于微透镜阵列（13）的焦距；第二显示面板（12）与微透镜阵列（13）之间的距离小于微透镜阵列（13）的焦距；第二显示面板（12）为透射式显示面板。第一显示面板（11）对应的实像与第二显示面板（12）对应的虚像分别位于微透镜阵列的两侧，由此大大增加了三维图像的深度范围；而最终的三维图像为两个显示面板（11、12）的像素进行成像构成，因此也提高了三维图像的分辨率。
Description
相关申请
本申请要求保护在2017年6月27日提交的申请号为201710501909.9的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容以引用的方式结合到本文中。
本公开涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种三维立体显示面板、其显示方法及显示装置。
随着三维立体显示的发展，裸眼三维立体显示成为显示领域的研究热点。与目前较为流行的双目视差原理的三维立体显示相比，集成成像三维立体显示不需要佩戴立体眼镜及其它辅助器件，是一种裸眼三维显示技术；由于观看者在观看图像时，可以像观看一个真实三维场景时那样聚焦和变焦，因此具有无视疲劳的显著优点。此外集成成像技术具有无需相干光源、无需暗室、结构简单以及全彩显示等优点，已成为前沿的三维显示技术之一。
集成成像通过二维的微透镜阵列来记录和再现真实三维场景。在记录过程中，透过阵列中每个透镜对三维场景进行成像，得到一系列二维图像；在现过程中，将上述的二维图像用显示器显示出来，显示图像再经过相同的微透镜阵列，根据光路可逆的原理可以实现三维场景的再现。
传统的集成成像还存在分辨率低、三维图像深度范围小等问题，并且现阶段的集成成像在提高分辨率时造成图像深度减小，在增大深度范围时不可避免造成图像分辨率下降，并不能做到同时增大分辨率和景深。因此，如何提高图像分辨率，增大三维图像深度范围为亟待解决的问题。
公开内容
本公开实施例提供了一种三维立体显示面板、其显示方法及显示 装置。
第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种三维立体显示面板，包括：依次层叠设置的第一显示面板、第二显示面板、以及微透镜阵列；其中，所述第一显示面板和所述第二显示面板具有相同的出光方向，并且所述微透镜阵列位于所述出光方向上；所述第一显示面板与所述微透镜阵列之间的距离大于所述微透镜阵列的焦距；所述第二显示面板与所述微透镜阵列之间的距离小于所述微透镜阵列的焦距；并且其中，所述第二显示面板为透射式显示面板。
在一些可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述三维立体显示面板中，所述第二显示面板为液晶显示面板或透明有机发光二极管显示面板。
在一些可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述三维立体显示面板中，所述第一显示面板为液晶显示面板或有机发光二极管显示面板。
在一些可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述三维立体显示面板中，所述第一显示面板与所述第二显示面板的显示图像均包括多个单元图像，各所述单元图像均由阵列排布的多个像素进行显示。
在一些可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述三维立体显示面板中，一个微透镜对应至少一个所述第一显示面板的单元图像；一个微透镜对应至少一个所述第二显示面板的单元图像。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述三维立体显示面板中，各所述微透镜与所述第一显示面板的各单元图像一一对应；各所述微透镜与所述第二显示面板的各单元图像一一对应。
在一些可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述三维立体显示面板中，在进行三维立体显示时，所述微透镜阵列用于对所述第二显示面板的显示图像成虚像，对透过所述第二显示面板的所述第一显示面板的显示图像成实像，以叠加所述虚像和实像实现三维立体显示。
第二方面，本公开实施例提供一种显示装置，包括上述任一实施例所述的三维立体显示面板。
第三方面，本公开实施例提供一种上述任一实施例所述的三维立体显示面板的显示方法，包括：
控制第一显示面板进行图像显示，使所述第一显示面板的显示图像透过所述第二显示面板，再经过所述微透镜阵列成实像；以及控制第二显示面板进行图像显示，使所述第二显示面板的显示图像经过微透镜阵列成虚像，所述虚像与所述实像叠加实现三维立体显示。
在一些可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示方法中，所述第一显示面板和所述第二显示面板按照顺序交替进行图像显示。
在一些可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示方法中，所述第二显示面板为液晶显示面板；
在所述第一显示面板进行图像显示时，所述第二显示面板呈透光状态；
在所述第二显示面板进行图像显示时，所述第一显示面板作为所述第二显示面板的背光。
在一些可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示方法中，在所述第一显示面板进行图像显示期间，还包括：
根据所述第一显示面板的各像素对应的所述第二显示面板的彩膜颜色以及所述第一显示面板所需要显示的显示图像的颜色，对所述第一显示面板的各像素的显示颜色进行调整，以使所述第一显示面板透过所述第二显示面板之后的显示图像的颜色符合需求。
在一些可能的实现方式中，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示方法中，所述第一显示面板与所述第二显示面板的显示图像均包括多个单元图像，各所述单元图像均由阵列排布的多个像素进行显示；所述第一显示面板显示的单元图像为前景图像；所述第二显示面板显示的单元图像为背景图像。
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开实施例提供的三维立体显示面板的结构示意图；
图2a为本公开实施例提供的显示面板的成像示意图之一；
图2b为本公开实施例提供的显示面板的成像示意图之二；
图3为本公开实施例提供的成像原理示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的成像关系示意图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的成像景深示意图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的显示面板的成像示意图之三；
图7为本公开实施例提供的显示面板的成像效果图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的三维立体显示面板的显示方法的流程图；以及
图9为本公开实施例提供的三维立体显示面板的显示方法的色彩补偿步骤的流程图。
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开专利保护的范围。
针对现有技术存在的问题，本公开实施例提供了一种三维立体显示面板、其显示方法及显示装置，用以提高三维图像的分辨率，增大三维图像的深度范围。
下面结合附图详细介绍本公开具体实施例提供的三维立体显示面板、其显示方法及显示装置进行详细说明。
如图1所示，本公开实施例提供的三维立体显示面板，包括：依次层叠设置的第一显示面板11、第二显示面板12、以及微透镜阵列13；其中，所述第一显示面板11和所述第二显示面板12具有相同的出光方向，并且所述微透镜阵列13位于所述出光方向上；所述第一显示面板11与所述微透镜阵列13之间的距离大于所述微透镜阵列13的焦距；所述第二显示面板12与所述微透镜阵列13之间的距离小于所述微透镜阵列13的焦距；并且其中，所述第二显示面板12为透射式显示面板。
在具体实施时，观看者应位于微透镜阵列13背离第二显示面板12 的一侧来观看三维立体图像。第一显示面板11的显示图像透过第二显示面板12入射微透镜阵列13，在微透镜阵列13背离第二显示面板12的一侧成实像；第二显示面板12的显示图像可直接入射至微透镜阵列13，在第一显示面板11背离第二显示面板12的一侧成虚像，观看者视觉叠加实像和虚像可以观看到三维立体图像。这时可观看到清晰的三维立体图像的深度范围为成实像与虚像之间，与现有技术相比大大增加了深度范围。而在调整第一显示面板11、第二显示面板12以及微透镜阵列13之间的相对位置之后，可以使所成实像与虚像的像素互不重叠，从而还可以提高三维图像的分辨率，提升观看体验。
具体来说，在进行集成成像三维立体显示之前，微透镜阵列对三维场景的各个物点不同方向的信息进行了记录。在进行三维立体显示时，在本公开实施例中可分为以下两种情况：
如图2a所示，在显示面板与微透镜阵列之间的距离g大于微透镜阵列的焦距f时(即g＞f)，该显示面板对应上述第一显示面板11，第一显示面板11的显示图像经过微透镜阵列13之后在微透镜阵列13背离第一显示面板11的一侧成实像。例如，图2a所示的第一显示面板11中的物点在经过微透镜阵列13后为三维像点A；而所有三维像素所组成的图像可以实现出屏的立体效果。
如图2b所示，在显示面板与微透镜阵列之间的距离g小于微透镜阵列的焦距f时(即g＜f)，该显示面板对应上述第二显示面板12，第二显示面板12的显示图像经过微透镜阵列13之后在第二显示面板12背离微透镜阵列13的一侧成虚像。例如，图2b所示的第二显示面板12中的物点在经过微透镜阵列13后为三维像点A’；而所有三维像素所组成的图像可以实现入屏的立体效果。
上述位于不同位置的第一显示面板和第二显示面板所显示图像中的物点发出的光线在像空间汇聚，集成为一个三维像点，该三维像点所处的平面称为集成平面(Integration Plane)，而显示面板经过微透镜阵列成像的像平面称为中心深度平面(Central Depth Plane，简称CDP)，在中心深度平面上的像点的分辨率最高。此时，CDP与微透镜阵列之间的距离l可由高斯成像公式来确定：
在如图2b所示的成像场景中，像距l＜0。
以第一显示面板11经过微透镜阵列13成实像的三维图像为例，如图3所示，用C表示中心深度平面，用I表示集成平面。第一显示面板11中的显示图像在经过微透镜阵列13之后在微透镜阵列的另一侧成实像。由于三维像空间中具有不同的集成平面I，当集成平面I与中心深度平面C之间的距离超出某个范围之后，三维像点就扩散得很大，三维图像会变得模糊。因此，集成平面不能与中心深度平面的距离太远，这样三维图像就被限制在中心深度平面两侧的小范围内，导致三维图像的深度范围较小。
进一步地，如图4所示，在显示面板上具有一定大小的像素点P
d经过微透镜阵列13后，会在中心深度平面C上形成一个三维图像的像素尺寸P
I。根据近轴成像原理可得到如下关系：
而三维立体成像的图像分辨率和三维成像深度都是衡量成像效果的重要参数。其中，图像分辨率指再现三维成像的分辨率，由显示面板的分辨率、显示面板与微透镜阵列之间的距离以及微透镜的焦距所确定。图像分辨率R
I在数值上等于中心深度平面上三维图像的像素尺寸P
I的倒数，即：
R
I＝1/P
I；
结合上式可得到中心深度平面上的图像分辨率满足以下关系式：
进一步地，当集成平面I远离中心深度平面C时，三维像点会扩散成一个下弥散斑，相邻三维像点产生的弥散斑会重叠，如图5所示，当重叠的量值为中心深度平面C上三维图像的像素尺寸P
I的大小时，可将此集成平面与中心深度平面之间的距离视为可清晰观看的三维图像的深度，在此处的集成平面被称作边缘深度平面，如图5所示，边缘深度平面可分为位于中心深度平面C两侧的前边缘深度平面F和后边缘深度平面B。则由图5所示的成像关系，可以得到三维图像的深度ΔZ满足以下关系式：
其中，P
0表示微透镜的间距，当微透镜紧密排列时，也可表示透镜的孔径。
在聚焦模式下，三维图像的像素尺寸P
I等于微透镜孔径的尺寸，因此图像分辨率也可表示为：
结合上式，三维图像的深度ΔZ可表示为：
这就表明在显示面板的分辨率R
d确定后，三维图像的分辨率和深度存在相互制约的关系。增大微透镜的孔径尺寸时会降低三维图像的分辨率，提高三维图像的深度；而减小微透镜的孔径尺寸时则可以提高三维图像的分辨率，同时会减小三维图像的深度。
有鉴于此，如图6所示，本公开实施例提供的上述显示面板包括第一显示面板11和第二显示面板12，两个显示面板所显示图像的组成完整的三维立体图像。因此在图像记录阶段可分别记录前景和背景图像，在再现阶段采用两个显示面板来分别显示记录的前景和背景图像。在本公开实施例提供的上述显示面板中，由于观看者通常位于微透镜阵列13背离第二显示面板12的一侧来观看三维图像，因此，可控制在微透镜阵列13背离第二显示面板12一侧成实像的第一显示面板来显示记录的前景图像，控制在第一显示面板11背离第二显示面板12的一侧成虚像的第二显示面板12来显示记录的背景图像，从而在观看的角度可以观看到叠加的前景和背景三维立体图像。
在实际应用中，如图6所示，第一显示面板11和第二显示面板12分别位于微透镜阵列13的焦平面FP的两侧，第一显示面板11在位于微透镜阵列13的一倍焦距与二倍焦距之间时，其显示图像可成放大的实像；而在第一显示面板11位于微透镜阵列13的二倍焦距之外时，其显示图像可成缩小的实像。因此，可以根据实际所需要的三维图像前景的放大或缩小的效果来设置第一显示面板11的位置。在采用本公开实施例提供的上述显示面板进行三维立体成像时，三维图像的深度 不再是单一显示面板对应的中心深度平面附近的深度，在第一显示面板11对应的第一中心深度平面C1与第二显示面板12对应的第二中心深度平面C2附近区域均可以看到较清晰的三维图像。其中，如图6所示，对应于第一中心深度平面C1的深度范围内的可观看到较清晰三维图像的集成平面可为I1，对应于第二中心深度平面C2的深度范围内的可观看到较清晰三维图像的集成平面可为I2，那么三维图像在I1至I2的深度范围内都可被观看到，因此相比于传统的采用单一显示面板的三维立体显示，三维图像的深度范围大大增加。
与此同时，如上所述三维图像的分辨率由显示面板的分辨率、显示面板与微透镜阵列之间的距离以及微透镜的焦距所确定，在实际应用中可调整第一显示面板11和第二显示面板12的分辨率，调整第一显示面板11与微透镜阵列13之间的物距，以调整第二显示面板12与微透镜阵列13之间的物距，以使三维立体图像可呈现如图7所示的效果，其中，P1表示第一显示面板11的像素的成像，P2表示第二显示面板12的像素的成像。与现有技术中单一显示面板的成像相比，三维图像中增加了另一显示面板的成像像素，因此分辨率大大提高，提升了观看体验。
在实际应用中，第一显示面板11和第二显示面板12的分辨率可以相同也可以不同，且两个显示面板像素排列可以相互对齐也可以相互错位。第一显示面板11可为液晶显示面板或有机发光二极管显示面板；第二显示面板12需使第一显示面板11的显示画面透过入射到微透镜阵列，因此第二显示面板12需为透射式显示面板。例如，第二显示面板12可为液晶显示面板或透明有机发光二极管显示面板。
在具体实施时，在本公开实施例提供的上述显示面板中，第一显示面板11与第二显示面板12的显示图像均包括多个单元图像，这些单元图像是在微透镜阵列对三维场景进行成像所得到的一系列相互独立的二维图像，各单元图像各不相同，它们是微透镜从不同视角记录得到的包含三维场景信息的图像。每个单元图像在三维场景再现阶段均由显示面板中的阵列排布的多个像素进行显示。
在实际应用中，一个微透镜可对应至少一个第一显示面板的单元图像；一个微透镜可对应至少一个第二显示面板的单元图像。而作为一种可选的实施方式，各微透镜与第一显示面板的各单元图像一一对 应；各微透镜与第二显示面板的各单元图像一一对应。此时，一个单元图像的尺寸与一个微透镜的孔径的尺寸相等。在具体实施时，微透镜与单元图像的对应关系可以根据具体产品的需求来确定，此处不做限定。
在具体实施时，在利用本公开实施例提供的上述显示面板进行三维立体显示时，如图6所示，所述微透镜阵列13用于对所述第二显示面板12的显示图像成虚像，对透过所述第二显示面板12的所述第一显示面板11的显示图像成实像，以叠加所述虚像和实像实现三维立体显示。
基于同一公开构思，本公开具体实施例还提供了一种显示装置，该显示装置包括本公开任一实施例提供的上述三维立体显示面板，在进行三维立体显示时具有高分辨率和大景深的特点。
另一方面，本公开具体实施例还提供了一种如上述任一实施例的三维立体显示面板的显示方法。具体地，如图8所示，所述方法包括以下步骤：
控制第一显示面板进行图像显示，使微透镜阵列13第一显示面板的显示图像透过微透镜阵列13第二显示面板，再经过微透镜阵列13微透镜阵列成实像；以及
控制第二显示面板进行图像显示，使微透镜阵列13第二显示面板的显示图像经过微透镜阵列成虚像，微透镜阵列13虚像与微透镜阵列13实像叠加实现三维立体显示。
由于第一显示面板对应的实像与第二显示面板对应的虚像分别位于微透镜阵列的两侧，由此大大增加了三维图像的深度范围；而最终的三维图像为两个显示面板的像素进行成像构成，因此也提高了三维图像的分辨率。
进一步地，为了避免两个显示面板的显示图像间的串扰，可控制第一显示面板11和第二显示面板12按照顺序交替进行图像显示。例如，每个显示帧内可先控制第一显示面板11进行图像显示，此时第二显示面板12呈透光状态；再控制第二显示面板12进行图像显示，此时第一显示面板11不再进行图像显示。在控制第一显示面板11和第二显示面板12的图像显示切换速度大于人眼可识别的频率时，由于人眼的视觉暂留效应，可以看到高分辨率的三维图像。
以第二显示面板12为液晶显示面板为例，在控制第一显示面板进行图像显示时，液晶显示面板可呈透光状态；再切换为液晶面板进行图像显示时，第一显示面板可作为液晶显示面板的背光。
当第一显示面板也为液晶显示面板时，将其称为第一液晶显示面板，将第二显示面板的液晶显示面板称为第二液晶显示面板，则第一液晶显示面板具有背光源，而第二液晶显示面板不带有背光源，在第二液晶显示面板进行图像显示时，第一液晶显示面板可作为第二液晶显示面板的背光源。可选地，在第二液晶显示面板进行图像显示时，第一液晶显示面板可设置为常白模式，以为第二液晶显示面板提供白色背光。
在第二显示面板为液晶显示面板时，由于液晶显示面板具有彩膜，第一显示面板的显示图像透过液晶显示面板的彩膜时，显示图像会有串色现象。因此，在本公开实施例提供的显示方法中，在第一显示面板进行图像显示期间，还可包括如下步骤：根据第一显示面板的各像素对应的第二显示面板的彩膜颜色以及第一显示面板所需要显示的显示图像的颜色，对第一显示面板的各像素的显示颜色进行调整，以使第一显示面板透过第二显示面板之后的显示图像的颜色符合需求。
在第一显示面板进行图像显示之前先根据所需要显示图像的正常颜色对第一显示面板内的各像素的颜色预先进行补偿再透过第二显示面板时行图像显示，由此可以解决彩膜对第一显示面板的显示图像的颜色串扰的问题。
在具体实施时，如上所述，第一显示面板与第二显示面板的显示图像均包括多个单元图像，各单元图像均由阵列排布的多个像素进行显示；其中，第一显示面板显示的单元图像为前景图像；第二显示面板显示的单元图像为背景图像。
以下以第一显示面板和第二显示面板均为液晶显示面板为实例，对本发实施例提供的上述显示方法进行举例。在第一显示面板与第二显示面板均为液晶显示面板时，如图9所示，所述三维立体显示面板的显示方法还可以包括如下步骤：
S901第一液晶显示面板先进行图像显示，第二液晶显示面板再进行图像显示；
S902对第一液晶显示面板的各像素进行颜色补偿；
S903控制第一液晶显示面板显示颜色补偿后的图像，同时控制第二液晶显示面板为透光状态；
S904控制第一液晶显示面板切换为常白模式，同时控制第二液晶显示面板进行图像显示。
借助人眼的视觉暂留效应，在采用上述步骤切换第一液晶显示面板和第二液晶显示面板进行图像显示之后，可观看到高分辨率大景深的三维立体图像。
本公开实施例提供的三维立体显示面板、其显示方法及显示装置，包括第一显示面板，位于第一显示面板出光侧的第二显示面板，以及位于第二显示面板出光侧的微透镜阵列；其中，第一显示面板与微透镜阵列之间的距离大于微透镜阵列的焦距；第二显示面板与微透镜阵列之间的距离小于微透镜阵列的焦距；在进行三维立体显示时，微透镜阵列用于对第二显示面板的显示图像成虚像，对透过第二显示面板的第一显示面板的显示图像成实像，以叠加虚像和实像实现三维立体显示。第一显示面板对应的实像与第二显示面板对应的虚像分别位于微透镜阵列的两侧，由此大大增加了三维图像的深度范围；而最终的三维图像为两个显示面板的像素进行成像构成，因此也提高了三维图像的分辨率。
尽管已描述了本公开的可选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括可选实施例以及落入本公开范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本公开进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本公开的精神和范围。这样，倘若本公开的这些修改和变型属于本公开权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本公开也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (13)
- 一种三维立体显示面板，包括：依次层叠设置的第一显示面板、第二显示面板、以及微透镜阵列；其中，所述第一显示面板和所述第二显示面板具有相同的出光方向，并且所述微透镜阵列位于所述出光方向上；所述第一显示面板与所述微透镜阵列之间的距离大于所述微透镜阵列的焦距；所述第二显示面板与所述微透镜阵列之间的距离小于所述微透镜阵列的焦距；并且其中，所述第二显示面板为透射式显示面板。
- 如权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中，所述第二显示面板为液晶显示面板或透明有机发光二极管显示面板。
- 如权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一显示面板为液晶显示面板或有机发光二极管显示面板。
- 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一显示面板与所述第二显示面板的显示图像均包括多个单元图像，各所述单元图像均由阵列排布的多个像素进行显示。
- 如权利要求4所述的显示面板，其中，一个微透镜对应至少一个所述第一显示面板的单元图像；一个微透镜对应至少一个所述第二显示面板的单元图像。
- 如权利要求5所述的显示面板，其中，各所述微透镜与所述第一显示面板的各单元图像一一对应；各所述微透镜与所述第二显示面板的各单元图像一一对应。
- 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的显示面板，其中，在进行三维立体显示时，所述微透镜阵列用于对所述第二显示面板的显示图像成虚像，对透过所述第二显示面板的所述第一显示面板的显示图像成实像，以叠加所述虚像和实像实现三维立体显示。
- 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求1-7任一项所述的三维立体显示面板。
- 一种如权利要求1-7任一项所述的三维立体显示面板的显示方法，包括：控制第一显示面板进行图像显示，使所述第一显示面板的显示图像透过所述第二显示面板，再经过所述微透镜阵列成实像；以及控制第二显示面板进行图像显示，使所述第二显示面板的显示图像经过微透镜阵列成虚像，所述虚像与所述实像叠加实现三维立体显示。
- 如权利要求9所述的显示方法，其中所述第一显示面板和所述第二显示面板按照顺序交替进行图像显示。
- 如权利要求10所述的显示方法，其中，所述第二显示面板为液晶显示面板；在所述第一显示面板进行图像显示时，所述第二显示面板呈透光状态；在所述第二显示面板进行图像显示时，所述第一显示面板作为所述第二显示面板的背光。
- 如权利要求11所述的显示方法，其中，在所述第一显示面板进行图像显示期间，还包括：根据所述第一显示面板的各像素对应的所述第二显示面板的彩膜颜色以及所述第一显示面板所需要显示的显示图像的颜色，对所述第一显示面板的各像素的显示颜色进行调整，以使所述第一显示面板透过所述第二显示面板之后的显示图像的颜色符合需求。
- 如权利要求9-12任一项所述的显示方法，其中，所述第一显示面板与所述第二显示面板的显示图像均包括多个单元图像，各所述单元图像均由阵列排布的多个像素进行显示；所述第一显示面板显示的单元图像为前景图像；所述第二显示面板显示的单元图像为背景图像。
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| CN108828894B (zh) * | 2018-06-07 | 2020-05-05 | 北京邮电大学 | 一种3d光场显示系统和方法 |
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