WO2019000855A1 - 一种半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统 - Google Patents

一种半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019000855A1
WO2019000855A1 PCT/CN2017/116478 CN2017116478W WO2019000855A1 WO 2019000855 A1 WO2019000855 A1 WO 2019000855A1 CN 2017116478 W CN2017116478 W CN 2017116478W WO 2019000855 A1 WO2019000855 A1 WO 2019000855A1
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shore
unmanned boat
ship
control system
integrated control
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PCT/CN2017/116478
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English (en)
French (fr)
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卢道华
朱德福
王佳
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江苏科技大学
江苏科技大学海洋装备研究院
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Publication of WO2019000855A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019000855A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/04—Control of altitude or depth
    • G05D1/06—Rate of change of altitude or depth
    • G05D1/0692—Rate of change of altitude or depth specially adapted for under-water vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of unmanned boat motion control, in particular to a semi-submersible small unmanned boat integrated control system.
  • the development and utilization of the ocean has become the trend of the world and the national trend.
  • the development of underwater unmanned aerial vehicles is an indispensable equipment for marine development and application and protection of interests.
  • the underwater unmanned aerial vehicle involves the fields of ship engineering, communication and navigation, intelligent control, power drive, information transmission and processing, and is a hot spot of comprehensive cross-disciplinary research.
  • unmanned aerial vehicles on the surface or under water have been widely used in marine engineering and marine military fields.
  • water surface underwater unmanned aerial vehicles are listed as an important development direction. .
  • a semi-submersible unmanned boat including a hull
  • a semi-submersible unmanned boat including a hull
  • the bottom of the hull is provided with a propeller
  • the hull is equipped with a control device, a navigation device receiving terminal, a ship-borne communication device and a monitoring device
  • the control device controls movement of the propeller
  • the control device, the navigation device receiving terminal, and the monitoring device are all in communication with the boat-borne communication device
  • the boat-borne communication device communicates with the remote communication through the antenna Communication connection between devices.
  • the remote communication device can send a control signal to the control device through the boat-borne communication device, thereby controlling the push The movement of the ejector to control the movement of the hull;
  • the receiving terminal of the navigation device can acquire the position information and form a position signal, and then transmit it to the remote communication device through the onboard communication device, so that the position of the hull can be known remotely;
  • the environment monitors and forms a monitoring signal that is then transmitted to the remote communication device via the onboard communication device so that the environmental conditions surrounding the hull are known remotely. Therefore, in the operation of a semi-submersible unmanned boat of the present invention, it is possible to remotely track the working position and understand the working environment state, and control the movement of the hull, and can perform unmanned work in the relevant waters.
  • the semi-submersible unmanned boats in the above structure still have certain defects: their control system has low integration degree, autonomous obstacle avoidance means is single, and intelligence and autonomy are insufficient, and it is not effective to implement ocean observation, target recognition and tracking, etc. task.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a semi-submersible small unmanned boat integrated control system with high system integration, multiple obstacle avoidance means, more intelligent motion control and over-the-horizon.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a semi-submersible small unmanned boat integrated control system, and the innovations are as follows:
  • a shore-based integrated control system for monitoring the motion state of an unmanned boat and selecting an unmanned boat motion mode
  • the shore-based integrated control system including a data-interconnected shore-based communication system, a shore-based processing system, and a pair of shores
  • a shore-based power supply system for powering the base communication system and the shore-based processing system;
  • a ship-based integrated control system for controlling unmanned boat motion including a ship-based communication system for data intercommunication, a ship-based processing system, and a pair
  • the ship-based processing system includes a ship-based industrial control machine intercommunicating with the ship-based communication system data, and the ship-based industrial control machine is connected with an obstacle avoidance system , a motion control system, a positional navigation system and a vision system.
  • the shore-based communication system is composed of a shore-based digital transmission device and a shore-based base transmission device.
  • the shore-based processing system includes a shore-based industrial computer, the shore-based industrial computer and the shore-based communication system realize data communication, and the shore-based industrial computer is connected with a handle and a multi-screen, and the multi-screen display There are different human-computer interaction interfaces for displaying the motion state of the unmanned boat.
  • the shore-based power supply system includes a shore-based 220 VAC/24 VDC lithium battery and a shore-based voltage converter.
  • the ship-based communication system is composed of a ship base transmission device and a ship base map transmission device.
  • the obstacle avoidance system comprises a millimeter wave radar for measuring water surface, an air target and an obstacle, and a multi-wave sonar for measuring water targets and obstacles.
  • the motion control system includes a shipboard system for changing the direction of movement of the unmanned boat and ascending and dive in the water, and a main power system for powering the forward and backward of the unmanned boat.
  • the pose navigation system includes a Beidou/GPS module for real-time positioning of the unmanned boat in the water, and a micro-inertial guide for measuring the position, velocity, acceleration, and angular velocity information of the unmanned boat in the water.
  • Pose module one for measuring unmanned boats diving in the water The depth of the flow sensor and the depth of the flow of water around the unmanned boat.
  • the vision system includes a CCD camera for acquiring an image of the external environment of the unmanned boat, and a pan/tilt for rotating the CCD camera.
  • the ship-based power supply system includes a ship-based voltage converter and a ship-borne 72V lithium battery/24VDC lithium battery connected in sequence.
  • the invention has the advantages that the control system of the invention cooperates with the ship-based integrated control system through the ground-based integrated control system, and the shore-based integrated control system is responsible for monitoring the motion state of the unmanned boat and selecting the sport mode of the unmanned boat.
  • the ship-based integrated control system is used to integrate various sensor information to form a complete combined navigation information, and is responsible for controlling the movement of the unmanned boat, so that the control system has high system integration, more intelligent motion control, and over-the-horizon.
  • the advantages of unmanned boat motion control, combined with a variety of motion control modes, the system is stable and reliable.
  • the semi-submersible small unmanned boat of the present invention has four motion control working modes: hand movement control work Mode, cruise motion control mode, visual target tracking motion control mode and autonomous obstacle avoidance motion control mode, motion control is more intelligent.
  • the hand movement control mode is realized by the human-computer interaction interface and the handle;
  • the cruise motion control mode is realized by the human-computer interaction interface, the shore-based industrial computer and the ship-borne industrial computer;
  • the visual target tracking motion control working mode It is realized by the cooperation of CCD camera, shipboard industrial computer, shore-based industrial computer and multi-screen;
  • the autonomous obstacle avoidance motion control mode consists of shipboard industrial computer, Beidou/GPS module, micro-inertial position module, The depth flow sensor, millimeter wave radar, multi-beam sonar, and CCD camera work together.
  • a voltage converter is provided in both the shore-based power supply system and the ship-based power supply system, so that the voltage of the lithium battery can be converted into a required voltage according to requirements, and then the power is supplied to each device to ensure smooth operation of the device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an integrated control system for a semi-submersible small unmanned boat of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of multi-sensor information integration and fusion in the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing the working mode of the hand movement control in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the cruise motion control mode of operation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the visual target tracking motion control working mode in the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a flow chart showing the working mode of the autonomous obstacle avoidance motion control in the present invention.
  • a shore-based integrated control system 1 for monitoring the motion state of an unmanned boat and selecting an unmanned boat motion mode includes a data-interconnected shore-based communication system 12, a shore-based processing system, and a A shore-based power supply system that supplies power to the shore-based communication system 12 and the shore-based processing system.
  • the shore-based communication system 12 is composed of a shore-based digital transmission device 121 and a shore-based base transmission device 122. Together.
  • the shore-based processing system includes a shore-based industrial computer 16 that implements data communication with the shore-based communication system 12, and a handle 13 and a multi-screen 14 are connected to the shore-based industrial computer 16, and the multi-screen 14 is displayed.
  • the shore-based power supply system includes a shore-based 220 VAC/24 VDC lithium battery 11 and a shore-based voltage converter 17 that are sequentially connected.
  • a shore-based voltage converter 17 By providing a shore-based voltage converter 17, the voltage of the shore-based 220VAC/24VDC lithium battery 11 can be converted into a required voltage as needed, and then power is supplied to each device in the shore-based communication system 12 and the shore-based processing system to ensure the shore.
  • the overall integrated control system 1 runs smoothly.
  • a ship-based integrated control system 2 for controlling unmanned boat motion includes a ship-based communication system 21 for data intercommunication, a ship-based processing system, and a pair of ship-based communication systems 21 and ships
  • the base processing system and the ship-based power supply system for supplying power the ship-based processing system includes a ship-based industrial computer 23 intercommunicating with the ship-based communication system data 21, and an obstacle avoidance system 24 is connected to the ship-based industrial computer 23, and a motion control is provided.
  • System 25 a one-way navigation system 22, and a vision system 26.
  • the ship-based communication system 21 is composed of a ship base transmission device 211 and a ship base map transmission device 212.
  • the obstacle avoidance system 24 includes a millimeter wave radar 241 for measuring water surface, air targets, and obstacles, and a multi-wave sonar 242 for measuring underwater targets and obstacles.
  • the motion control system 25 includes a naval system 251 for changing the direction of movement of the unmanned boat and ascending and dive in the water, and a master for powering the forward and backward of the unmanned boat. Power system 252.
  • the pose navigation system 22 includes a Beidou/GPS module 221 for real-time positioning of the unmanned boat in the water, and a micro-inertial attitude pose module for measuring the position, velocity, acceleration, and angular velocity information of the unmanned boat in the water. 222, a depth flow sensor 223 for measuring the depth of the unmanned boat diving in the water and the flow rate of the water around the unmanned boat.
  • the vision system 26 includes a CCD camera 261 for capturing an image of the external environment of the unmanned boat, and a pan/tilt 262 for rotating the CCD camera 261.
  • the ship-based power supply system includes a ship-based voltage converter 27 and a ship-borne 72V lithium battery/24VDC lithium battery 28 connected in sequence.
  • a ship-based voltage converter 27 By providing a ship-based voltage converter 27, the voltage of the shipboard 72V lithium battery/24VDC lithium battery 28 can be converted into a required voltage as needed, and then power is supplied to each device in the ship-based communication system 21 and the ship-based processing system. Ensure the overall smooth operation of the ship-based integrated control system 2.
  • the shore-based communication system 12 and the ship-based communication system 21 constitute a communication system of the unmanned boat integrated control system for data and image transmission of the shore-based integrated control system 1 and the ship-based integrated control system 2.
  • the formation of the integrated navigation information is connected to the shipboard industrial computer 23 through the RS232 interface through the Beidou/GPS module 221, the micro-inertial attitude pose module 222, the depth flow velocity sensor 223, and the multi-beam sonar 242, respectively.
  • the millimeter wave radar 241 and the CCD camera 261 are respectively connected to the shipboard industrial computer 23 through an Ethernet interface, and the shipboard industrial computer 23 processes and fuses the information data of each sensor to form a complete combined navigation information, which is sent to the communication system through the communication system.
  • the semi-submersible small unmanned boat of the present invention has four motion control working modes, respectively It is: hand movement control mode, cruise motion control mode, visual target tracking motion control mode and autonomous obstacle avoidance motion control mode, and motion control is more intelligent.
  • the workflow of the manual motion control mode is as follows: after the unmanned boat is powered on, the unmanned boat operator selects the unmanned boat motion mode to work in the manual motion mode, and the unmanned boat The operator obtains the position and posture of the unmanned boat according to the unmanned boat posture and environmental information displayed by the human-computer interaction interface 15 in the visible range or at a long distance, and selects whether to perform the operation of the handle 13, and if so, proceeds to the next step. If not, proceed to the previous step to obtain the position and posture of the unmanned boat. After selecting the operation of the handle 13, after the shore-based industrial computer 16 collects the data of the processing handle 13, the transmission command is transmitted to the ship-based industrial computer through the communication system. 23.
  • the shipboard industrial computer 23 processes and generates a motion control command, and transmits it to the motion control system 25.
  • the motor of the main power system 252 and the ship system 251 starts to move, and the movement of the unmanned boat is controlled, thereby realizing the unmanned boat.
  • Hand exercise control mode of work
  • the workflow of the cruise motion control mode is: after the unmanned boat is powered on, the unmanned boat operator displays the presence or absence of the unmanned boat operator according to the human-computer interaction interface 15 in the visible range or at a long distance.
  • the attitude and environment information of the human boat acquires the position and posture of the unmanned boat, and chooses whether to enter the cruise motion mode.
  • the unmanned boat operator sets the cruise route of the unmanned boat on the human-computer interaction interface 15 according to the task requirements.
  • the motion route is transmitted to the shipboard industrial computer 23 through the transmission command of the communication system, processed by the shipboard industrial computer 23 and generates a motion control command, which is transmitted to the motion control system 25, the main power system 252, the ship
  • the motor of the machine system 251 starts to move, and the unmanned boat is controlled to move according to the set route, thereby realizing the cruise motion control working mode of the unmanned boat.
  • the visual target tracking motion control working mode The process is as follows: after the unmanned boat is powered on, the unmanned boat operator selects the unmanned boat motion mode to work in the visual target tracking motion mode, and the CCD camera 261 captures the water surface and air environment information in the unmanned boat sports environment.
  • the industrial computer 23 processes and transmits to the shore-based industrial computer 16 through the communication system, which is displayed by the multi-screen 14, and the unmanned boat operator selects whether to track the target on the screen, and if so, proceeds to the next step, and if not, the CCD The camera 261 continues to capture the water surface and air environment information in the unmanned boat sports environment.
  • the shore-based industrial computer 16 After selecting the tracking target, the shore-based industrial computer 16 processes the tracking target information back to the carrier-based industrial computer 23 through the communication system, and then the ship
  • the industrial computer 23 processes and generates motion control commands, transmits to the motion control system 25, controls the unmanned boat to track the selected target motion, and the pan/tilt 262 rotates to drive the rotation of the CCD camera 261 to track the target, thereby realizing the unmanned boat.
  • the visual target tracks the motion control mode of operation.
  • the workflow of the autonomous obstacle avoidance motion control mode is: after the unmanned boat is powered on, the unmanned boat has autonomy in the cruise motion control mode and the visual target tracking motion control mode.
  • the obstacle avoidance motion control function detects whether there is an obstacle by the Beidou/GPS module 221, the micro inertial position pose module 222, the depth flow velocity sensor 223, the millimeter wave radar 241, the multibeam sonar 242 and the CCD camera 261, and feeds back information.
  • the shipboard industrial computer 23 is passed through the shipboard industrial computer 23 through the fusion Beidou/GPS module 221, the micro inertial position posture module 222, the depth flow rate sensor 223, the millimeter wave radar 241, the multibeam sonar 242 and the CCD camera 261.
  • the information data information, the information of the obstacle is determined, the motion control command is automatically generated, and transmitted to the motion control system 25 to control the unmanned boat to avoid obstacle movement, thereby realizing the autonomous obstacle avoidance motion control working mode of the unmanned boat.

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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，包括一用于监视无人艇运动状态并选择无人艇运动模式的岸基集成控制系统（1），岸基集成控制系统（1）包括数据互通的一岸基通讯系统（12）、一岸基处理系统、一岸基供电系统；一负责控制无人艇运动的舰基集成控制系统（2），舰基集成控制系统（2）包括数据互通的一舰基通讯系统（21）、一舰基处理系统、一舰基供电系统，舰基处理系统包括一与舰基通讯系统（21）数据互通的舰基工控机（23），舰基工控机（23）上连接有一避障系统（24）、一运动控制系统（25）、一位姿导航系统（22）及一视觉系统（26）。本控制系统具有系统集成度高、运动控制更加智能、超视距的无人艇运动控制等优点，通过多种运动控制工作模式相结合，系统稳定可靠。

Description

一种半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统 技术领域
本发明涉及无人艇运动控制领域，特别涉及一种半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统。
背景技术
海洋开发和利用已经成为世界所趋、国家大势，而水面水下无人航行器的研发是海洋开发应用与利益保护中不可或缺的重要装备。水面水下无人航行器涉及船舶工程、通讯与导航、智能控制、动力驱动、信息传输与处理等学科领域，是综合性交叉研究的热点。在国外，水面或水下的无人航行器，已广泛应用于海洋工程及海洋军事领域，特别是以美、欧为代表的西方各国均将水面水下无人航行器列为重要的发展方向。
在国内，对无人艇的研究开展较晚，目前技术上与美、以色列等先进国家差距很大。
例如，在专利CN205707188U中就提到了一种半潜式无人艇，包括艇体；其特征是：所述艇体的底部设置有推进器；艇体上装设有控制装置、导航设备接收终端、艇载通信设备和监视设备；所述控制装置控制推进器的运动；所述控制装置、导航设备接收终端、监视设备均与艇载通信设备通信连接，所述艇载通信设备通过天线与远程通信设备之间通信连接。在使用本实用新型的一种半潜式无人艇时，远程通信设备可通过艇载通信设备向控制装置发出控制信号，从而控制推 进器运动以控制艇体的移动；导航设备接收终端可以获取位置信息并形成位置信号，然后通过艇载通信设备传送给远程通信设备，这样可在远程得知艇体的位置；监视设备对周围环境进行监视并形成监视信号，然后通过艇载通信设备传送给远程通信设备，这样可在远程得知艇体周围的环境状态。所以，本实用新型的一种半潜式无人艇作业时，可以在远程跟踪作业位置及了解作业环境状态，并控制艇体的移动，能够在相关水域执行无人作业。
但是上述结构中的半潜式无人艇仍存在一定的缺陷：其控制系统集成度低，自主避障手段单一，智能性与自主性不足，并不能有效实施海洋观察、目标识别跟踪等多种任务。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种系统集成度高、多种避障手段相结合、运动控制更加智能、具有超视距的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案为：一种半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其创新点在于：包括
一用于监视无人艇运动状态并选择无人艇运动模式的岸基集成控制系统，所述岸基集成控制系统包括数据互通的一岸基通讯系统、一岸基处理系统，还包括一对岸基通讯系统及岸基处理系统进行供电的岸基供电系统；
一负责控制无人艇运动的舰基集成控制系统，所述舰基集成控制系统包括数据互通的一舰基通讯系统、一舰基处理系统，还包括一对 舰基通讯系统及舰基处理系统及进行供电的舰基供电系统，所述舰基处理系统包括一与舰基通讯系统数据互通的舰基工控机，所述舰基工控机上连接有一避障系统、一运动控制系统、一位姿导航系统及一视觉系统。
进一步的，所述岸基通讯系统由一岸基数传设备、一岸基图传设备共同组成。
进一步的，所述岸基处理系统包括一岸基工控机，该岸基工控机与岸基通讯系统实现数据互通，所述岸基工控机上连接有一手柄、一多屏幕，所述多屏幕上显示有不同的用于显示监控无人艇运动状态的人机交互界面。
进一步的，所述岸基供电系统包括依次连接的岸基220VAC/24VDC锂电池及岸基电压变换器。
进一步的，所述舰基通讯系统由一舰基数传设备、一舰基图传设备共同组成。
进一步的，所述避障系统包括一用于测量水面、空中目标及障碍物的毫米波雷达，一用于测量水中目标及障碍物的多束波声呐。
进一步的，所述运动控制系统包括一用于改变无人艇的运动方向以及在水中的上升、下潜的舰机系统，一为无人艇的前进后退提供动力的主动力系统。
进一步的，所述位姿导航系统包括一用于实时定位无人艇在水中位置的北斗/GPS模块，一用于测量无人艇在水中的方位、速度、加速度、角速率信息的微惯导位姿模块，一用于测量无人艇在水中下潜 的深度以及无人艇周围水的流速的深度流速传感器。
进一步的，所述视觉系统包括一用于采集无人艇外部环境图像的CCD摄像头、一用于旋转CCD摄像头的云台。
进一步的，所述舰基供电系统包括依次连接的一舰基电压变换器及一舰载72V锂电池/24VDC锂电池。
本发明的优点在于：本发明中的控制系统通过岸基集成控制系统与舰基集成控制系统的相互配合，由岸基集成控制系统负责监视无人艇的运动状态，选择无人艇的运动模式，而舰基集成控制系统用以融合各种传感器信息，形成完整的组合导航信息，并负责控制无人艇的运动，使得本控制系统具有系统集成度高、运动控制更加智能、超视距的无人艇运动控制等优点，通过多种运动控制工作模式相结合，系统稳定可靠。
通过岸基通讯系统、岸基处理系统、舰基通讯系统、舰基处理系统的配合工作，使得本发明的中的半潜式小型无人艇具备四种运动控制工作模式：手操运动控制工作模式、巡航运动控制工作模式、视觉目标跟踪运动控制工作模式和自主避障运动控制工作模式，运动控制更加智能。
手操运动控制工作模式由人机交互界面与手柄共同配合得以实现；巡航运动控制工作模式由人机交互界面、岸基工控机、舰载工控机共同配合得以实现；视觉目标跟踪运动控制工作模式由CCD摄像头、舰载工控机、岸基工控机、多屏幕共同配合得以实现；自主避障运动控制工作模式由舰载工控机、北斗/GPS模块、微惯导位姿模块、 深度流速传感器、毫米波雷达、多束波声呐、CCD摄像头共同配合得以实现。
在本发明中，对于岸基供电系统与舰基供电系统中均设置有一电压变换器，从而可根据需要将锂电池的电压变换为需要电压后再给各设备供电，保证设备的顺利运行。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1为本发明的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统的示意图。
图2为本发明中多传感器信息集成融合示意图。
图3为本发明中手操运动控制工作模式的流程图。
图4为本发明中巡航运动控制工作模式的流程图。
图5为本发明中视觉目标跟踪运动控制工作模式的流程图。
图6为本发明中自主避障运动控制工作模式的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例可以使本专业的技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
如图1所示的一种半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，包括
一用于监视无人艇运动状态并选择无人艇运动模式的岸基集成控制系统1，岸基集成控制系统1包括数据互通的一岸基通讯系统12、一岸基处理系统，还包括一对岸基通讯系统12及岸基处理系统进行供电的岸基供电系统。
岸基通讯系统12由一岸基数传设备121、一岸基图传设备122 共同组成。
岸基处理系统包括一岸基工控机16，该岸基工控机16与岸基通讯系统12实现数据互通，在岸基工控机16上连接有一手柄13、一多屏幕14，多屏幕14上显示有不同的用于显示监控无人艇运动状态的人机交互界面15。
岸基供电系统包括依次连接的岸基220VAC/24VDC锂电池11及岸基电压变换器17。通过设置有一岸基电压变换器17，从而可根据需要将岸基220VAC/24VDC锂电池11的电压变换为需要电压后再给岸基通讯系统12及岸基处理系统中的各个设备供电，保证岸基集成控制系统1的整体顺利运行。
一负责控制无人艇运动的舰基集成控制系统2，该舰基集成控制系统2包括数据互通的一舰基通讯系统21、一舰基处理系统，还包括一对舰基通讯系统21及舰基处理系统及进行供电的舰基供电系统，舰基处理系统包括一与舰基通讯系统数据21互通的舰基工控机23，在舰基工控机23上连接有一避障系统24、一运动控制系统25、一位姿导航系统22及一视觉系统26。
舰基通讯系统21由一舰基数传设备211、一舰基图传设备212共同组成。
避障系统24包括一用于测量水面、空中目标及障碍物的毫米波雷达241，一用于测量水中目标及障碍物的多束波声呐242。
运动控制系统25包括一用于改变无人艇的运动方向以及在水中的上升、下潜的舰机系统251，一为无人艇的前进后退提供动力的主 动力系统252。
位姿导航系统22包括一用于实时定位无人艇在水中位置的北斗/GPS模块221，一用于测量无人艇在水中的方位、速度、加速度、角速率信息的微惯导位姿模块222，一用于测量无人艇在水中下潜的深度以及无人艇周围水的流速的深度流速传感器223。
视觉系统26包括一用于采集无人艇外部环境图像的CCD摄像头261、一用于旋转CCD摄像头261的云台262。
舰基供电系统包括依次连接的一舰基电压变换器27及一舰载72V锂电池/24VDC锂电池28。通过设置有一舰基电压变换器27，从而可根据需要将舰载72V锂电池/24VDC锂电池28的电压变换为需要电压后再给舰基通讯系统21及舰基处理系统中的各个设备供电，保证舰基集成控制系统2的整体顺利运行。
在本控制系统中，岸基通讯系统12和舰基通讯系统21组成无人艇集成控制系统的通讯系统，用于岸基集成控制系统1和舰基集成控制系统2的数据和图像的传输。
如图2所示的示意图可知，组合导航信息的形成通过北斗/GPS模块221、微惯导位姿模块222、深度流速传感器223和多束波声呐242分别通过RS232接口与舰载工控机23连接，毫米波雷达241、和CCD摄像头261分别通过以太网接口与舰载工控机23连接，舰载工控机23将各传感器的信息数据进行处理融合，形成完整的组合导航信息，通过通讯系统发送到岸基集成控制系统2。
本发明中的半潜式小型无人艇共有四种运动控制工作模式，分别 为：手操运动控制工作模式、巡航运动控制工作模式、视觉目标跟踪运动控制工作模式和自主避障运动控制工作模式，运动控制更加智能。
如图3所示的示意图可知，手操运动控制工作模式的工作流程为：无人艇上电初始化后，由无人艇操作员选择无人艇运动模式为手操运动模式工作，无人艇操作员在可视范围内或远距离根据人机交互界面15所显示的无人艇姿态及环境信息获取无人艇的位置、姿态，并选择是否进行手柄13操作，如果是，则进入下一步，如果否，则继续进行上一步即获取无人艇的位置、姿态，在选择进行手柄13操作后，经岸基工控机16采集处理手柄13数据后，通过通讯系统传输指令到舰基工控机23，再由舰载工控机23处理并生成运动控制命令，传输到运动控制系统25，主动力系统252、舰机系统251的电机开始运动，控制无人艇的运动，从而实现了无人艇的手操运动控制工作模式。
如图4所示的示意图可知，巡航运动控制工作模式的工作流程为：无人艇上电初始化后，无人艇操作员在可视范围内或远距离根据人机交互界面15所显示的无人艇姿态及环境信息获取无人艇的位置、姿态，并选择是否进入巡航运动模式工作，无人艇操作员根据任务需要，先于人机交互界面15上设定无人艇的巡航路线，经岸基工控机16处理，通过通讯系统传输指令将运动路线传送到舰载工控机23，由舰载工控机23处理并生成运动控制命令，传输到运动控制系统25，主动力系统252、舰机系统251的电机开始运动，控制无人艇按照设定路线运动，从而实现了无人艇的巡航运动控制工作模式。
如图5所示的示意图可知，视觉目标跟踪运动控制工作模式的工 作流程为：无人艇上电初始化后，由无人艇操作员选择无人艇运动模式为视觉目标跟踪运动模式工作，CCD摄像头261拍摄无人艇运动环境中水面、空中环境信息，经过舰载工控机23处理，通过通讯系统传输到岸基工控机16，由多屏幕14显示，经过无人艇操作员在画面上选定是否跟踪目标，若是，则进入下一步，若否，则CCD摄像头261继续拍摄无人艇运动环境中水面、空中环境信息，在选择跟踪目标后，由岸基工控机16处理后，通过通讯系统将跟踪目标信息回传到舰载工控机23，再由舰载工控机23处理并生成运动控制命令，传输到运动控制系统25，控制无人艇跟踪选定目标运动，以及云台262转动带动CCD摄像头261的转动来跟踪目标，从而实现了无人艇的视觉目标跟踪运动控制工作模式。
如图6所示的示意图可知，自主避障运动控制工作模式的工作流程为：无人艇上电初始化后，在巡航运动控制工作模式和视觉目标跟踪运动控制工作模式下，无人艇具有自主避障运动控制功能，由北斗/GPS模块221、微惯导位姿模块222、深度流速传感器223、毫米波雷达241、多束波声呐242和CCD摄像头261检测是否有障碍物，并将信息反馈给舰载工控机23，再通过舰载工控机23通过融合北斗/GPS模块221、微惯导位姿模块222、深度流速传感器223、毫米波雷达241、多束波声呐242和CCD摄像头261的信息数据信息，判断出障碍物的信息，自动生成运动控制命令，传输到运动控制系统25，控制无人艇避过障碍物运动，从而实现了无人艇的自主避障运动控制工作模式。
本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其特征在于：包括
    一用于监视无人艇运动状态并选择无人艇运动模式的岸基集成控制系统，所述岸基集成控制系统包括数据互通的一岸基通讯系统、一岸基处理系统，还包括一对岸基通讯系统及岸基处理系统进行供电的岸基供电系统；
    一负责控制无人艇运动的舰基集成控制系统，所述舰基集成控制系统包括数据互通的一舰基通讯系统、一舰基处理系统，还包括一对舰基通讯系统及舰基处理系统及进行供电的舰基供电系统，所述舰基处理系统包括一与舰基通讯系统数据互通的舰基工控机，所述舰基工控机上连接有一避障系统、一运动控制系统、一位姿导航系统及一视觉系统。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其特征在于：所述岸基通讯系统由一岸基数传设备、一岸基图传设备共同组成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其特征在于：所述岸基处理系统包括一岸基工控机，该岸基工控机与岸基通讯系统实现数据互通，所述岸基工控机上连接有一手柄、一多屏幕，所述多屏幕上显示有不同的用于显示监控无人艇运动状态的人机交互界面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其特征在于：所述岸基供电系统包括依次连接的岸基220VAC/24VDC锂 电池及岸基电压变换器。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其特征在于：所述舰基通讯系统由一舰基数传设备、一舰基图传设备共同组成。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其特征在于：所述避障系统包括一用于测量水面、空中目标及障碍物的毫米波雷达，一用于测量水中目标及障碍物的多束波声呐。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其特征在于：所述运动控制系统包括一用于改变无人艇的运动方向以及在水中的上升、下潜的舰机系统，一为无人艇的前进后退提供动力的主动力系统。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其特征在于：所述位姿导航系统包括一用于实时定位无人艇在水中位置的北斗/GPS模块，一用于测量无人艇在水中的方位、速度、加速度、角速率信息的微惯导位姿模块，一用于测量无人艇在水中下潜的深度以及无人艇周围水的流速的深度流速传感器。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其特征在于：所述视觉系统包括一用于采集无人艇外部环境图像的CCD摄像头、一用于旋转CCD摄像头的云台。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的半潜式小型无人艇集成控制系统，其特征在于：所述舰基供电系统包括依次连接的一舰基电压变换器及一舰载72V锂电池/24VDC锂电池。_
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