WO2019000523A1 - 一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法及其装置 - Google Patents

一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法及其装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019000523A1
WO2019000523A1 PCT/CN2017/094100 CN2017094100W WO2019000523A1 WO 2019000523 A1 WO2019000523 A1 WO 2019000523A1 CN 2017094100 W CN2017094100 W CN 2017094100W WO 2019000523 A1 WO2019000523 A1 WO 2019000523A1
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Prior art keywords
arc
laser
computer
arc welding
cladding layer
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PCT/CN2017/094100
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张永康
杨青天
杨智帆
张峥
于秋云
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广东工业大学
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Publication of WO2019000523A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019000523A1/zh
Priority to US16/512,350 priority Critical patent/US10682716B2/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
    • B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/22—Direct deposition of molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • B22F12/43—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam pulsed; frequency modulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/356—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by shock processing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B23K9/042—Built-up welding on planar surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
    • B23K9/0953—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using computing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
    • B23K9/0956—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using sensing means, e.g. optical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
    • C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
    • C04B2235/6026—Computer aided shaping, e.g. rapid prototyping
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/66—Specific sintering techniques, e.g. centrifugal sintering
    • C04B2235/665—Local sintering, e.g. laser sintering
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a part and a die forging and a device thereof, in particular to a method and a device for the arc forming and laser impact forging composite rapid prototyping parts.
  • the existing rapid manufacturing method is characterized by its rapid heating and rapid solidification and free growth forming.
  • internal defects such as pores, unmelted, cracks and shrinkage may occur, and melt accumulation
  • the residual stress superposition effect inside the parts is obvious, the parts are easy to crack and deform, the stability of the microstructure performance is poor, which seriously affects the processing yield of the parts, which greatly restricts the high energy beam directly.
  • the promotion and development of forming technology due to the influence of process parameters and external environment, internal defects such as pores, unmelted, cracks and shrinkage may occur, and melt accumulation
  • the residual stress superposition effect inside the parts is obvious, the parts are easy to crack and deform, the stability of the microstructure performance is poor, which seriously affects the processing yield of the parts, which greatly restricts the high energy beam directly.
  • Patent No. CN101817121 discloses a "composite manufacturing method and an auxiliary device for forming a part and a mold", which adopts a micro roll or a micro-extruding device to compress and form a molten region, thereby preventing the molten material from falling, Flowing, collapsing, avoiding cracking of forming parts, reducing or eliminating residual stress, improving microstructure performance, ensuring part forming stability, and effectively reducing the step effect on the surface of the formed body, improving forming precision and surface quality, but the device is made of rolls or Extrusion devices make it difficult to machine complex structures such as fine pore structures and sharp corner transition surfaces.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing rapid manufacturing method generates pores during the forming process of the part, Internal defects such as unmelting, cracking, and shrinkage, resulting in a problem of cracking and deformation of the residual stress in the part as the number of scanning layers increases, and the part is more susceptible to cracking and deformation.
  • a method for arc welding and laser impact forging composite rapid prototyping parts comprising the following steps:
  • the computer sends the NC code of each layer to the numerical control device, and the numerical control device controls the arc welding torch to form the processing material on the processing substrate of the motion platform layer by layer to form a cladding layer;
  • the computer controls the movement of the motion platform to keep the melting zone always in a horizontal state.
  • the computer controlled pulsed laser beam performs synchronous impact forging on the arc-melting metal region at the easy plastic deformation temperature; during the processing, the computer simulation
  • the system performs synchronous simulation processing, and simultaneously scans the cladding layer in real time through the infrared scanning imaging system, and transmits the temperature, thickness and shape data of the cladding layer to the computer, and compares the imaging data with the simulation data, and then the computer feedback Adjust and control the working state of the arc torch and laser device.
  • the specific content of the step 3) is: data collection of the temperature of the arc-melting metal region by the infrared thermal imager and transmission to the controller; when the temperature of the arc-melting metal region is cooled to the recrystallization temperature, The pulsed laser of the laser device impacts the cladding layer; when the temperature of the arc-melting metal region is too high/low, the computer outputs a control signal to the arc welding device to reduce/improve the input power of the arc welding device to form a closed loop. control;
  • the computer determines the pulse width of the pulsed laser according to the thickness of the cladding layer, and determines the laser forging frequency and the spot value according to the width of the cladding layer, and the computer controlled laser device performs the arc-melting metal region of the cladding layer at the easy plastic deformation temperature. Synchronous impact forging; then the computer collects the laser data through the beam quality detecting device, and the computer output control signal feedback adjusts the laser pulse width, forging frequency and spot value.
  • the arc welding device is an argon or carbon dioxide gas shielded welding torch.
  • the processing material is a weldable metal, or an alloy material, or a ceramic composite material, Or a gradient-variable composite.
  • An apparatus for arc melting and laser impact forging composite rapid prototyping parts comprising a controller, a motion platform, a numerical control device, an arc welding device, a laser device, a scanning imaging system and a mechanical arm, the controller and the numerical control device Electrically connected to the laser device, the numerical control device is electrically connected to the arc welding device and the mechanical arm; the arc welding device is fixedly mounted on the mechanical arm, and the arc welding device is provided with a processing material; The numerical control device controls the movement of the arc welding device by the mechanical arm to perform the layer-by-layer fusion forming of the molten processed material on the moving platform; the beam of the laser device acts on the processing material on the moving platform, and the controller passes the scanning imaging system Temperature, thickness and topography of the processed material on the motion platform.
  • the arc welding device includes a storage gas storage chamber, a power source, and an arc welding gun, and the controller is electrically connected to the arc welding torch through a power source; a feeding port of the arc welding torch and the storage gas storage chamber The outlet of the arc welding torch is disposed above the moving platform, and the arc welding gun is fixedly mounted on the mechanism arm.
  • the laser device comprises a laser generator and an optical path system, and the light beam emitted by the laser generator acts on the processing material on the moving platform through the optical path system, and the optical path system is electrically connected to the controller.
  • the scanning imaging system is an infrared scanning imaging system.
  • the controller is a computer.
  • the arc welding device performs arc-forming metal on the workbench to form a cladding layer, so that the temperature of the arc-melting metal region is in the range of easy plastic deformation temperature.
  • the controller controls the laser device to perform synchronous impact forging on the cladding layer of the arc-melting metal region, thereby ensuring rapid forming of the parts, improving the manufacturing efficiency, ensuring the forming quality of the parts, and refining the cladding layer.
  • the grain, the internal defects such as the pores of the cladding layer and the thermal stress and residual stress are eliminated, and the macroscopic deformation and cracking problems are effectively controlled, and the internal quality and comprehensive mechanical properties of the part are remarkably improved. Because the method controls the multi-degree-of-freedom space motion platform by computer, the problem of flow, dripping and collapse of the melt processed material is solved.
  • the computer of the present invention obtains the parameters of the cladding layer region in the forging temperature interval according to the obtained temperature, thickness and shape data of the cladding layer, and controls the operation of the pulse laser to adjust the output energy, pulse width and frequency.
  • the laser cladding forging is performed on the cladding layer in the forging temperature range, and the internal defects such as pores, cracks and shrinkage in the cladding layer and heat are eliminated. Stress and residual stress.
  • the computer when there is a deviation between the imaging data and the simulation data, the computer will adjust the parameters of the arc torch and the pulse laser. Adjusted parameters include arc welding voltage and current, forward speed and feed air supply, as well as laser power, pulse width, forging frequency and spot shape and size; arc welding parameters and laser parameters interact to ensure the two The work efficiency is equivalent, and the manufacturing quality of the parts is guaranteed.
  • the laser beam of the computer controlled pulse laser impacts the two sides or one side of the forged cladding layer at a certain oblique angle to accurately correct the cladding layer; Internal defects such as pores, cracks, and shrinkage in the coating, as well as thermal stress and residual stress.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for arc-fusing and laser impact forging composite rapid prototyping parts according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the operation of the method for arc-fusing and laser-impacting composite rapid prototyping parts according to the present invention
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view of a laser oblique oblique impact correction cladding deformation zone of the laser device of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment relates to a method of arc-fusing and laser-impact forging a composite rapid prototyping part, comprising the steps of:
  • the computer 1 sends the CNC code of each layer to the numerical control device 2, the numerical control device 2 controls the arc welding device 21 to form the processing material on the processing substrate of the motion platform 3 layer by layer to form a cladding layer 31;
  • the computer 1 controls the movement of the motion platform 3 to keep the melting zone always in a horizontal state.
  • the computer 1 controls the pulsed laser beam of the laser device to perform synchronous impact forging on the arc-melting metal region at the easy plastic deformation temperature;
  • the simulation system of the computer 1 performs synchronous simulation processing, and simultaneously scans the cladding layer 31 through the scanning imaging system 5, and transmits the temperature, thickness and topography data of the cladding layer 31 to the computer 1, and images the imaging data.
  • the computer 1 feedback adjustment controls the working state of the arc torch and the laser device.
  • the motion platform 3 has multiple degrees of freedom, and the computer 1 controls the spatial motion of the multi-degree-of-freedom motion platform 3, including spatial movement and rotation, so that the cladding layer 31 is always in a horizontal state, preventing the melt in the molten pool from falling, flowing, and collapsing. And so on.
  • the computer 1 obtains the regional parameters of the cladding layer 31 in the forging temperature interval according to the obtained temperature, thickness and topography data of the cladding layer 31, and controls the operation of the pulsed laser to adjust the output energy, pulse width and frequency.
  • the cladding layer 31 of different thicknesses and different areas is adapted to perform laser impact forging on the cladding layer 31 in the forging temperature interval, thereby eliminating internal defects such as pores, cracks, shrinkage, and thermal stress and residual in the cladding layer 31. stress.
  • the computer 1 adjusts the parameters of the arc torch and the pulsed laser.
  • Adjusted parameters include arc welding voltage and current, forward speed and feed air supply, as well as laser power, pulse width, forging frequency and spot shape and size; arc welding parameters and laser parameters interact to ensure the two The work efficiency is equivalent, and the manufacturing quality of the parts is guaranteed.
  • the angle of the cladding layer 31 is deviated, as shown in FIG. 3, the imaging boundary A and the simulated boundary B are compared to generate a deviation angle a, and the computer 1 controls the laser beam of the pulsed laser to impact the forged cladding layer at a certain oblique angle.
  • the two sides or one of the sides of the 31 are precisely shaped to the cladding layer 31; it is ensured that internal defects such as pores, cracks, and shrinkage in the cladding layer 31, as well as thermal stress and residual stress are eliminated.
  • the forging temperature interval means that the deposited material has a high plasticity and low in the temperature range. Deformation resistance, therefore, the forging temperature interval varies from material to material and should be determined based on the relevant data of the material.
  • the specific content of the step 3) is: collecting data of the temperature of the arc-melting metal region by the infrared thermal imaging system 5 and transmitting the data to the computer 1; when the temperature of the arc-melting metal region is When cooling to the recrystallization temperature, the pulsed laser of the laser device performs impact forging on the cladding layer 31; when the temperature of the arc-melting metal region is too high/low, the computer 1 outputs a control signal to the arc welding device 21, lowering / Increasing the input power of the arc welding device 21 to form a closed loop control;
  • the computer 1 determines the pulse width of the pulsed laser according to the thickness of the cladding layer 31, and determines the laser forging frequency and the spot value according to the width of the cladding layer 31, and the computer 1 controls the arc of the laser device to the cladding layer 31 at the easy plastic deformation temperature.
  • the molten metal region is subjected to synchronous impact forging; then the computer 1 performs data acquisition on the laser by the beam quality detecting device, and the computer 1 outputs a control signal to feedback adjust the pulse width, the forging frequency and the spot value of the laser.
  • the arc welding device 21 When the method is in operation, the arc welding device 21 performs arc-forming metal on the table to form a cladding layer 31, so that the temperature of the arc-melting metal region is in an easy plastic deformation temperature range. And the controller controls the laser device to perform synchronous impact forging on the cladding layer 31 of the arc-melting metal region, which not only ensures rapid forming of the parts, improves manufacturing efficiency, but also ensures the forming quality of the parts, and can refine the cladding layer.
  • the grain of 31 eliminates internal defects such as pores of the cladding layer 31, as well as thermal stress and residual stress, effectively controls macroscopic deformation and cracking problems, and significantly improves the internal quality and comprehensive mechanical properties of the part. Since the method controls the multi-degree-of-freedom space motion platform 3 by the computer 1, the problem of flow, dripping and collapse of the melt-processed material is solved.
  • the arc welding device 21 is an argon or carbon dioxide gas shielded welding torch.
  • the processing material is a weldable metal, or an alloy material, or a ceramic composite material, or a gradient changeable composite material.
  • the embodiment also provides an apparatus for arc-fusing and laser impact forging composite rapid prototyping parts, as shown in FIG. 1, including a controller, a motion platform 3, a numerical control device 2, an arc welding device 21, a laser device, and a scanning imaging. a system 5 and a mechanical arm 6, the controller being electrically connected to the numerical control device 2 and a laser device, the numerical control device 2 being electrically connected to the arc welding device 21 and the mechanical arm 6; the arc welding The device 21 is fixedly mounted on the mechanical arm 6, and the arc welding device 21 is provided with a processing material; the numerical control device 2 controls the movement of the arc welding device 21 by the mechanical arm 6 to move the molten processed material on the moving platform 3 The layer-by-layer fusion forming is performed; the beam of the laser device acts on the processing material on the moving platform 3, and the controller scans the processed material on the moving platform 3 by temperature, thickness and shape by the scanning imaging system 5.
  • the arc welding device 21 performs arc-forming metal forming a cladding layer 31 on the table, and the controller detects the temperature of the arc-melting metal region through the temperature sensor, and then the controller outputs a control signal to control the arc welding device.
  • the output power of 21 is such that the temperature of the arc-melting metal region is in the range of easy plastic deformation temperature.
  • the controller controls the laser device to perform synchronous impact forging on the cladding layer 31 of the arc-melting metal region, refining the metal grains and optimizing the microstructure during the part manufacturing process, and avoiding the possibility of ordinary arc additive manufacturing molding metal parts may appear Internal defects such as porosity, unfusion and shrinkage also improve the overall mechanical properties of metal parts.
  • the arc-forming metal wire is formed into the cladding layer 31, and the impact wave of the pulsed laser device is precisely controlled to synchronously impact the cladding layer 31 at the easy plastic deformation temperature, thereby achieving high efficiency and high efficiency in the same process.
  • the purpose of forming the "forging constraint" is completed in quality.
  • the arc welding device 21 includes a stocker 211, a power source 212, and an arc welding torch 213.
  • the controller is electrically connected to the arc torch 213 via a power source 212; a feed port of the arc torch 213 and the reservoir
  • the outlet of the material storage chamber 211 is communicated.
  • the discharge port of the arc welding torch 213 is disposed above the moving platform 3, and the arc welding torch 213 is fixedly mounted on the mechanism arm.
  • the numerical control device 2 controls the power source 212 to control whether the arc welding torch 213 operates, and at the same time controls the speed at which the gas and the processing material of the stocker 211 are supplied to the arc torch 213, thereby realizing the adjustment of the operating state and the operating power of the arc torch 213.
  • the laser device comprises a laser generator 41 and a light path system 42, the light beam emitted by the laser generator 41 acting on the processing material on the motion platform 3 through the optical path system 42, the optical path system 42 being electrically connected to the controller.
  • the optical path system 42 adjusts the direction of the light beam generated by the laser generator 41, so that the light beam can accurately act on the cladding layer 31 in the easy plastic deformation temperature interval, thereby ensuring the effect of forging, and achieving high efficiency and high quality completion of "forging" Strike the purpose of forming.
  • the scanning imaging system 5 is an infrared scanning imaging system. Of course, other systems capable of scanning the temperature, thickness and topography data of the cladding layer 31 are also useful in the present invention.
  • the controller is a computer 1. Of course, other computers with electronic computing capabilities 1 are also suitable for this invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法和装置，包括：1)通过仿真系统将预成形零件模型划分一个或数个简单的成形单元，并确定成形单元的成形顺序；2)数控设备（2）控制电弧焊枪（213）将加工材料在运动平台（3）的加工基板上逐层熔积成形，形成熔覆层（31）；3)计算机（1）控制运动平台（3）运动，保持熔融区始终处于水平状态，同时，计算机（1）控制脉冲激光束对处于易塑性形变温度的电弧熔积金属区域进行同步冲击锻打。零件的成形结构组织稳定性好、成品率高和安全可靠。

Description

一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法及其装置 技术领域
本发明涉及零件与模具锻打制造方法及其装置，尤其是指一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法及其装置。
背景技术
随着现代工业技术的快速发展，对结构和某些关键零部件的制造及其服役性能提出了愈来愈高的要求，如低成本、短流程、零污染的制造过程，以及优异的综合力学与机械性能等。
直接快速成形制造技术被业内普遍看作是先进制造技术领域最具有难度的前沿发展方向。上世纪70年代，以激光、电子束和等离子束为代表的高能束成形技术不断发展成熟，并在零件的快速制造领域取得很大的进展。高能束直接成形零件技术综合机械工程、CAD、数控技术、高能束与材料科学技术，可快速将设计思想物化为具有一定结构和功能的终形零件或模具。
现有快速制造方法因其急速加热快速凝固和自由生长成形的特点，成形过程中因为工艺参数、外部环境等因素的影响，会产生气孔、未熔合、裂纹和缩松等内部缺陷，在熔融堆积成形中，随着扫描层数的增加，零件内部的残余应力叠加效应明显，零件较容易开裂和变形，组织性能的稳定性较差，严重影响零件的加工成品率，极大地制约了高能束直接成形技术的推广和发展。
专利号CN101817121公开了一种“零件与模具的熔积成形复合制造方法及其辅助装置”，其采用安装微型轧辊或微型挤压装置对熔积区域作压缩成形与加工，能够防止熔融材料下落、流淌、坍塌，避免成形件开裂、减轻或消除残余应力、改善组织性能，保证零件成形稳定性，还可有效减少成形体表面的阶梯效应，提高成形精度和表面质量，但该装置由于采用轧辊或挤压装置，难以对一些复杂结构进行加工，例如细孔结构和尖角过渡面。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有快速制造方法在零件成形过程中会产生气孔、 未熔合、裂纹和缩松等内部缺陷，而导致在熔融堆积成形中，随着扫描层数的增加，零件内部的残余应力叠加效应明显，零件较容易开裂和变形的问题，提供一种成形结构组织稳定性好、成品率高和安全可靠的电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法及其装置。
本发明的目的可采用以下技术方案来达到：
一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)绘制零件3D模型，将模型导入计算机的仿真系统中；通过仿真系统将预成形零件模型划分一个或数个简单的成形单元，并确定成形单元的成形顺序；并将成形单元按叠层堆积方向分层切片处理，根据分层切片处理数据并生成加工各层的数控代码；
2)计算机将各层的数控代码发送到数控设备上，数控设备控制电弧焊枪将加工材料在运动平台的加工基板上逐层熔积成形，形成熔覆层；
3)计算机控制运动平台运动，保持熔融区始终处于水平状态，同时，计算机控制脉冲激光束对处于易塑性形变温度的电弧熔积金属区域进行同步冲击锻打；在加工的过程中，计算机的仿真系统进行同步模拟仿真加工，同时通过红外扫描成像系统实时扫描熔覆层，并将熔覆层的温度、厚度和形貌数据传送至计算机，并将成像数据与仿真数据进行对比分析，进而计算机反馈调节控制电弧焊枪和激光装置的工作状态。
进一步地，所述步骤3)的具体内容为：通过红外热成像仪对电弧熔积金属区域的温度进行数据采集并发送到控制器；当电弧熔积金属区域的温度冷却至再结晶温度时，激光装置的脉冲激光对熔覆层进行冲击锻打；当电弧熔积金属区域的温度过高/过低，则计算机输出控制信号到电弧焊接装置，降低/提高电弧焊接装置的输入功率，形成闭环控制；
计算机根据熔覆层的厚度确定脉冲激光的脉冲宽度，并且根据熔覆层宽度确定激光锻打频率和光斑值，计算机控制激光装置对处于易塑性形变温度的熔覆层的电弧熔积金属区域进行同步冲击锻打；然后计算机通过光束质量检测装置对激光进行数据采集，并且计算机输出控制信号对激光的脉冲宽度、锻打频率和光斑值进行反馈调节。
进一步地，所述电弧焊接装置为氩气或二氧化碳气体保护焊枪。
进一步地，所述加工材料为可焊接金属，或合金材料，或陶瓷复合材料， 或可梯度变化的复合材料。
一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的装置，包括控制器、运动平台、数控设备、电弧焊接装置、激光装置、扫描成像系统和机械臂，所述控制器与所述数控设备和激光装置电连接，所述数控设备与所述电弧焊接装置和机械臂电连接；所述电弧焊接装置固定安装于所述机械臂上，且所述电弧焊接装置内设有加工材料；所述数控设备通过机械臂控制电弧焊接装置移动而将熔融的加工材料在运动平台上进行逐层熔积成形；所述激光装置的光束作用于运动平台上的加工材料，所述控制器通过扫描成像系统对运动平台上的加工材料进行温度、厚度和形貌扫描。
进一步地，所述电弧焊接装置包括储料储气室、电源和电弧焊枪，所述控制器通过电源与所述电弧焊枪电连接；所述电弧焊枪的进料口与所述储料储气室的出口连通，所述电弧焊枪的出料口设于所述运动平台的上方，所述电弧焊枪固定安装于所述机构臂上。
进一步地，所述激光装置包括激光发生器和光路系统，所述激光发生器发出的光束通过光路系统作用于运动平台上的加工材料上，所述光路系统与控制器电连接。
作为一种优选的方案，所述扫描成像系统为红外扫描成像系统。
作为一种优选的方案，所述控制器为计算机。
实施本发明，具有如下有益效果：
1、本发明在工作时，电弧焊接装置在工作台上进行电弧熔积金属形成熔覆层，使电弧熔积金属区域的温度处于易塑性形变温度区间。并且控制器控制激光装置对电弧熔积金属区域的熔覆层进行同步冲击锻打，既保证了零件的快速成形，提高了制造效率，又保证了零件的成形质量，能够细化熔覆层的晶粒，消除熔覆层的气孔等内部缺陷以及热应力、残余应力，有效控制宏观变形和开裂问题，显著提高了零件的内部质量和综合力学性能。由于本方法通过计算机控制多自由度空间运动平台，解决了熔融加工材料的流淌、滴落和坍塌问题。
2、本发明计算机根据获得的熔覆层温度、厚度和形貌数据，得到处于锻打温度区间的熔覆层区域参数，并控制脉冲激光器工作，调整输出的能量、脉宽、频率的大小，以适应不同厚度、不同面积的熔覆层，对处于锻打温度区间的熔覆层进行激光冲击锻打，消除熔覆层内的气孔、裂纹、缩松等内部缺陷以及热 应力和残余应力。
3、本发明当成像数据与仿真数据对比出现偏差时，计算机将对电弧焊枪和脉冲激光器的参数进行调整。调整的参数包括电弧焊的电压及电流、前进速度和送料送气量，以及激光的功率、脉冲宽度、锻打频率和光斑形状及大小等；电弧焊参数与激光参数交互影响，以保证两者的工作效率相当，保证零件的制造质量。当熔覆层的角度出现偏差时，计算机控制脉冲激光器的激光束以一定的斜向角度冲击锻打熔覆层的两个侧面或者其中一个侧面，对熔覆层进行精确校形；保证消除熔覆层内的气孔、裂纹、缩松等内部缺陷以及热应力、残余应力。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法的工作示意图；
图3是本发明的激光装置的激光斜向冲击校形熔覆层变形区的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例
参照图1和图2，本实施例涉及电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)绘制零件3D模型，将模型导入计算机1的仿真系统中；通过仿真系统将预成形零件模型划分一个或数个简单的成形单元，并确定成形单元的成形顺 序；并将成形单元按叠层堆积方向分层切片处理，根据分层切片处理数据并生成加工各层的数控代码；如图1中所示，在计算机1中的仿真软件中绘制零件的3D模型，或者利用其它三维绘图软件(如SolidWorks、UG等)绘制零件3D模型，并将其导入仿真软件中，然后利用仿真软件将预成形零件模型划分一个或数个简单的成形单元，规划成形单元成形顺序，并将成形单元按叠层堆积方向分层切片处理，根据分层切片处理的数据生成加工各层的数控代码；
2)计算机1将各层的数控代码发送到数控设备2上，数控设备2控制电弧焊接装置21将加工材料在运动平台3的加工基板上逐层熔积成形，形成熔覆层31；
3)计算机1控制运动平台3运动，保持熔融区始终处于水平状态，同时，计算机1控制激光装置的脉冲激光束对处于易塑性形变温度的电弧熔积金属区域进行同步冲击锻打；在加工的过程中，计算机1的仿真系统进行同步模拟仿真加工，同时通过扫描成像系统5实时扫描熔覆层31，并将熔覆层31的温度、厚度和形貌数据传送至计算机1，并将成像数据与仿真数据进行对比分析，进而计算机1反馈调节控制电弧焊枪和激光装置的工作状态。
该运动平台3具有多自由度，计算机1控制多自由度运动平台3的空间运动，包括空间移动与旋转，使熔覆层31始终处于水平状态，防止熔池内的熔融物出现下落、流淌、坍塌等现象。
计算机1根据获得的熔覆层31温度、厚度和形貌数据，得到处于锻打温度区间的熔覆层31区域参数，并控制脉冲激光器工作，调整输出的能量、脉宽、频率的大小，以适应不同厚度、不同面积的熔覆层31，对处于锻打温度区间的熔覆层31进行激光冲击锻打，消除熔覆层31内的气孔、裂纹、缩松等内部缺陷以及热应力、残余应力。当成像数据与仿真数据对比出现偏差时，计算机1将对电弧焊枪和脉冲激光器的参数进行调整。调整的参数包括电弧焊的电压及电流、前进速度和送料送气量，以及激光的功率、脉冲宽度、锻打频率和光斑形状及大小等；电弧焊参数与激光参数交互影响，以保证两者的工作效率相当，保证零件的制造质量。当熔覆层31的角度出现偏差时，如图3所示，成像边界A和仿真边界B对比产生偏差角度a，计算机1控制脉冲激光器的激光束以一定的斜向角度冲击锻打熔覆层31的两个侧面或者其中一个侧面，对熔覆层31进行精确校形；保证消除熔覆层31内的气孔、裂纹、缩松等内部缺陷以及热应力、残余应力。所述锻打温度区间是指熔敷材料在该温度区间具有较高的塑性和低 变形抗力，因此，所述锻打温度区间因不同材料而不同，应根据所述材料的相关数据确定。
具体的，如图1所示，所述步骤3)的具体内容为：通过红外热成像系统5对电弧熔积金属区域的温度进行数据采集并发送到计算机1；当电弧熔积金属区域的温度冷却至再结晶温度时，激光装置的脉冲激光对熔覆层31进行冲击锻打；当电弧熔积金属区域的温度过高/过低，则计算机1输出控制信号到电弧焊接装置21，降低/提高电弧焊接装置21的输入功率，形成闭环控制；
计算机1根据熔覆层31的厚度确定脉冲激光的脉冲宽度，并且根据熔覆层31宽度确定激光锻打频率和光斑值，计算机1控制激光装置对处于易塑性形变温度的熔覆层31的电弧熔积金属区域进行同步冲击锻打；然后计算机1通过光束质量检测装置对激光进行数据采集，并且计算机1输出控制信号对激光的脉冲宽度、锻打频率和光斑值进行反馈调节。
4)当一层熔覆层31熔积成形与冲击锻打结束，电弧焊接装置21与激光装置进入到下一层熔覆层31的开始工位进行作业，如此循环，直至整个零件熔积成形。
该方法在工作时，电弧焊接装置21在工作台上进行电弧熔积金属形成熔覆层31，使电弧熔积金属区域的温度处于易塑性形变温度区间。并且控制器控制激光装置对电弧熔积金属区域的熔覆层31进行同步冲击锻打，既保证了零件的快速成形，提高了制造效率，又保证了零件的成形质量，能够细化熔覆层31的晶粒，消除熔覆层31的气孔等内部缺陷以及热应力和残余应力，有效控制宏观变形和开裂问题，显著提高了零件的内部质量和综合力学性能。由于本方法通过计算机1控制多自由度空间运动平台3，解决了熔融加工材料的流淌、滴落和坍塌问题。
所述电弧焊接装置21为氩气或二氧化碳气体保护焊枪。
所述加工材料为可焊接金属，或合金材料，或陶瓷复合材料，或可梯度变化的复合材料。
本实施例还提供一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的装置，如图1所示，包括控制器、运动平台3、数控设备2、电弧焊接装置21、激光装置、扫描成像系统5和机械臂6，所述控制器与所述数控设备2和激光装置电连接，所述数控设备2与所述电弧焊接装置21和机械臂6电连接；所述电弧焊接 装置21固定安装于所述机械臂6上，且所述电弧焊接装置21内设有加工材料；所述数控设备2通过机械臂6控制电弧焊接装置21移动而将熔融的加工材料在运动平台3上进行逐层熔积成形；所述激光装置的光束作用于运动平台3上的加工材料，所述控制器通过扫描成像系统5对运动平台3上的加工材料进行温度、厚度和形貌扫描。
在工作时，电弧焊接装置21在工作台上进行电弧熔积金属形成熔覆层31，同时控制器通过温度传感器对电弧熔积金属区域的温度进行检测，然后控制器输出控制信号控制电弧焊接装置21的输出功率，使电弧熔积金属区域的温度处于易塑性形变温度区间。并且控制器控制激光装置对电弧熔积金属区域的熔覆层31进行同步冲击锻打，在零件制造过程中细化金属晶粒和优化显微组织，避免普通电弧增材制造成型金属零件可能出现的如气孔、未融合和缩松等内部缺陷，同时也提高了金属零件的综合机械力学性能。并且在电弧熔积金属丝材形成熔覆层31的同时，通过精确控制脉冲激光装置的冲击波对处于易塑性形变温度的熔覆层31进行同步冲击锻打，实现在同一个工序中高效、高质量地完成“锻打约束”成形的目的。
所述电弧焊接装置21包括储料储气室211、电源212和电弧焊枪213，所述控制器通过电源212与所述电弧焊枪213电连接；所述电弧焊枪213的进料口与所述储料储气室211的出口连通，所述电弧焊枪213的出料口设于所述运动平台3的上方，所述电弧焊枪213固定安装于所述机构臂上。数控设备2控制电源212控制电弧焊枪213是否工作，同时控制储料储气室211的气体和加工材料向电弧焊枪213供应的速度，从而实现对电弧焊枪213的工作状态和工作功率的调节。
所述激光装置包括激光发生器41和光路系统42，所述激光发生器41发出的光束通过光路系统42作用于运动平台3上的加工材料上，所述光路系统42与控制器电连接。光路系统42对激光发生器41产生的光束进行方向调节，使得光束能准确地作用于处于易塑性形变温度区间的熔覆层31上，保证锻打的效果，实现高效、高质量地完成“锻打约束”成形的目的。
所述扫描成像系统5为红外扫描成像系统。当然，其它能对熔覆层31进行温度、厚度和形貌数据进行扫描检测的系统也用于本发明。
所述控制器为计算机1。当然，其它具有电子运算能力的计算机1也适用于 本发明。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明一种较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    1)绘制零件3D模型，将模型导入计算机的仿真系统中；通过仿真系统将预成形零件模型划分一个或数个简单的成形单元，并确定成形单元的成形顺序；并将成形单元按叠层堆积方向分层切片处理，根据分层切片处理数据并生成加工各层的数控代码；
    2)计算机将各层的数控代码发送到数控设备上，数控设备控制电弧焊接装置将加工材料在运动平台的加工基板上逐层熔积成形，形成熔覆层；
    3)计算机控制运动平台运动，保持熔融区始终处于水平状态，同时，计算机控制激光装置的脉冲激光束对处于易塑性形变温度的电弧熔积金属区域进行同步冲击锻打；在加工的过程中，计算机的仿真系统进行同步模拟仿真加工，同时通过扫描成像系统实时扫描熔覆层，并将熔覆层的温度、厚度和形貌数据传送至计算机，并将成像数据与仿真数据进行对比分析，进而计算机反馈调节控制电弧焊枪和激光装置的工作状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤3)的具体内容为：通过红外热成像系统对电弧熔积金属区域的温度进行数据采集并发送到计算机；当电弧熔积金属区域的温度冷却至再结晶温度时，激光装置的脉冲激光对熔覆层进行冲击锻打；当电弧熔积金属区域的温度过高/过低，则计算机输出控制信号到电弧焊接装置，降低/提高电弧焊接装置的输入功率，形成闭环控制；
    计算机根据熔覆层的厚度确定脉冲激光的脉冲宽度，并且根据熔覆层宽度确定激光锻打频率和光斑值，计算机控制激光装置对处于易塑性形变温度的熔覆层的电弧熔积金属区域进行同步冲击锻打；然后计算机通过光束质量检测装置对激光进行数据采集，并且计算机输出控制信号对激光的脉冲宽度、锻打频率和光斑值进行反馈调节。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法，其特征在于：所述电弧焊接装置为氩气或二氧化碳气体保护焊枪。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的方法，其特征在于：所述加工材料为可焊接金属，或合金材料，或陶瓷复合 材料，或可梯度变化的复合材料。
  5. 一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的装置，其特征在于：包括控制器、运动平台、数控设备、电弧焊接装置、激光装置、扫描成像系统和机械臂，所述控制器与所述数控设备和激光装置电连接，所述数控设备与所述电弧焊接装置和机械臂电连接；所述电弧焊接装置固定安装于所述机械臂上，且所述电弧焊接装置内设有加工材料；所述数控设备通过机械臂控制电弧焊接装置移动而将熔融的加工材料在运动平台上进行逐层熔积成形；所述激光装置的光束作用于运动平台上的加工材料，所述控制器通过扫描成像系统对运动平台上的加工材料进行温度、厚度和形貌扫描。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的装置，其特征在于：所述电弧焊接装置包括储料储气室、电源和电弧焊枪，所述控制器通过电源与所述电弧焊枪电连接；所述电弧焊枪的进料口与所述储料储气室的出口连通，所述电弧焊枪的出料口设于所述运动平台的上方，所述电弧焊枪固定安装于所述机构臂上。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的装置，其特征在于：所述激光装置包括激光发生器和光路系统，所述激光发生器发出的光束通过光路系统作用于运动平台上的加工材料上，所述光路系统与控制器电连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的装置，其特征在于：所述扫描成像系统为红外扫描成像系统。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电弧熔积与激光冲击锻打复合快速成形零件的装置，其特征在于：所述控制器为计算机。
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CN113976925A (zh) * 2021-10-14 2022-01-28 华中科技大学 激光选区熔化和激光冲击强化复合的增材制造设备和方法
CN115213576A (zh) * 2022-08-02 2022-10-21 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） 一种超声辅助的水下激光电弧复合增材设备
CN115213576B (zh) * 2022-08-02 2023-09-15 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） 一种超声辅助的水下激光电弧复合增材设备

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