WO2018235187A1 - サイリスタ起動装置 - Google Patents
サイリスタ起動装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018235187A1 WO2018235187A1 PCT/JP2017/022842 JP2017022842W WO2018235187A1 WO 2018235187 A1 WO2018235187 A1 WO 2018235187A1 JP 2017022842 W JP2017022842 W JP 2017022842W WO 2018235187 A1 WO2018235187 A1 WO 2018235187A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- synchronous machine
- thyristor
- current
- converter
- inverter
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/46—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual synchronous motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/0004—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control
- H02P23/0027—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control using different modes of control depending on a parameter, e.g. the speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
- H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/14—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle
- H02K9/18—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle wherein the external part of the closed circuit comprises a heat exchanger structurally associated with the machine casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P1/46—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual synchronous motor
- H02P1/52—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting an individual synchronous motor by progressive increase of frequency of supply to motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/06—Rotor flux based control involving the use of rotor position or rotor speed sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
- H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
- H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
- H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
- H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
- H02P7/292—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using static converters, e.g. AC to DC
- H02P7/293—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using static converters, e.g. AC to DC using phase control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/08—Control of generator circuit during starting or stopping of driving means, e.g. for initiating excitation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the converter used
- H02P2201/13—DC-link of current link type, e.g. typically for thyristor bridges, having an inductor in series with rectifier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thyristor starter.
- a thyristor start device for starting a synchronous machine such as a generator and a motor has been developed (see, for example, International Publication No. 2014/033849 (Patent Document 1)).
- the thyristor starter converts a DC power supplied from the converter via the DC reactor to a variable frequency AC power by converting the AC power to DC power, the DC reactor for smoothing the DC power, and converting the DC power to a synchronous machine.
- an inverter for supplying.
- the cooling structure for cooling the synchronous machine described above is configured to circulate the cooling medium through the air passage formed in the rotor and stator in the synchronous machine using air or hydrogen gas as a cooling medium.
- a cooling medium is usually circulated using a fan attached to the rotating shaft of the rotor of the synchronous machine.
- the capacity of the cooler for cooling the cooling medium can not but be increased, which may lead to the enlargement of the apparatus. .
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a thyristor start device capable of starting a synchronous machine in a short time while suppressing overheating of the synchronous machine. is there.
- a thyristor starting device for starting a synchronous machine includes a converter, a DC reactor, an inverter, a position detector, a first control unit, and a second control unit.
- the converter is configured to convert alternating current power to direct current power.
- the DC reactor smoothes DC power.
- the inverter is configured to convert DC power supplied from the converter via the DC reactor into AC power of variable frequency and supply the AC power to the synchronous machine.
- the position detector is configured to detect a rotor position of the synchronous machine.
- the first control unit is configured to control the firing phase of the thyristor in the inverter based on the detection signal of the position detector.
- the second control unit is configured to control the firing phase of the thyristor in the converter such that the DC output current of the converter matches the current command value based on the detection signal of the position detector.
- the thyristor starter sequentially executes a first mode in which the inverter is commutated by intermittently setting the DC output current to zero, and a second mode in which the inverter is commutated by the induced voltage of the synchronous machine.
- the synchronous machine is configured to accelerate from a stop state to a predetermined rotational speed.
- the current command value is set such that the current value becomes higher as the rotation speed of the synchronous machine becomes higher.
- a thyristor start device capable of starting the synchronous machine in a short time while suppressing overheating of the synchronous machine.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram showing the configuration of a thyristor start-up device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a thyristor starting device 100 starts synchronous machine 20 by accelerating synchronous machine 20 which has been stopped to a predetermined rotational speed.
- the synchronous machine 20 includes a stator having armature windings ATU, ATV, ATW, and a rotor having a field winding 22.
- the synchronous machine 20 is coupled to, for example, a gas turbine of a thermal power plant, and is rotationally driven by the gas turbine.
- the predetermined rotational speed is also referred to as "rated rotational speed". For example, when the frequency of the AC power supply 30 is 60 Hz, the rated rotational speed is set to 3600 rpm.
- the thyristor starter 100 is connected to the secondary side of the transformer TR.
- the primary side of the transformer TR is connected to an AC power supply 30.
- Transformer TR converts the three-phase AC voltage supplied from AC power supply 30 into a three-phase AC voltage of a predetermined voltage value and applies it to thyristor starter 100.
- the thyristor starter 100 includes a converter 1, a DC reactor 3, and an inverter 2.
- Converter 1 is a three-phase full-wave rectifier including at least six thyristors, and converts three-phase AC power from transformer TR into DC power of variable voltage.
- DC reactor 3 is connected between positive side output terminal 1 a of converter 1 and positive side input terminal 2 a of inverter 2.
- DC reactor 3 smoothes DC output current Id of converter 1.
- Negative output terminal 1 b of converter 1 and negative input terminal 2 b of inverter 2 are connected to each other.
- Another DC reactor 3 may be connected between the negative output terminal 1 b of the converter 1 and the negative input terminal 2 b of the inverter 2.
- the three output terminals 2c, 2d, 2e of the inverter 2 are connected to the three armature windings ATU, ATV, ATW of the synchronous machine 20, respectively.
- the inverter 2 is a three-phase separately excited inverter including at least six thyristors U, V, W, X, Y, Z.
- the anodes of the thyristors U, V, W are all connected to the positive input terminal 2a, and their cathodes are connected to the output terminals 2c, 2d, 2e, respectively.
- the anodes of the thyristors X, Y and Z are connected to the output terminals 2c, 2d and 2e, respectively, and their cathodes are connected to the negative input terminal 2b.
- the inverter 2 is turned on by causing one of the thyristors U, V, W to conduct and one of the thyristors X, Y, Z in synchronization with the three-phase AC voltages Vu, Vv, Vw.
- the DC power supplied from the converter 1 through the DC reactor 3 is converted into variable-frequency, variable-voltage three-phase AC power, and is applied to the stators (armature windings ATU, ATV, ATW) of the synchronous machine 20. Thereby, the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 can be raised.
- the thyristor starting device 100 further includes current transformers 4 and 5, a voltage detector 6, a position detector 7, a current detector 9, an inverter control unit 10, and a converter control unit 13.
- Current transformer 4 detects a three-phase alternating current flowing from transformer TR to converter 1, and provides a signal indicating a detected value to current detector 9.
- the current detector 9 calculates the direct current Id output from the converter 1 based on the signal from the current transformer 4 and provides a signal indicating the calculated value to the converter control unit 13.
- the current detector 9 includes a full wave rectification type diode rectifier, and converts the detected three-phase alternating current into a direct current Id.
- the current transformer 5 detects the current flowing from the inverter 2 to the armature windings ATU, ATV, ATW of the synchronous machine 20, and gives a signal indicating the detected value to the position detector 7.
- the voltage detector 6 detects instantaneous values of the three-phase AC voltages Vu, Vv, Vw supplied from the inverter 2 to the synchronous machine 20, and gives a signal indicating the detected value to the position detector 7.
- voltage detector 6 is a voltage between two of the line voltages of the three-phase AC voltages in armature windings ATU, ATV, ATW of synchronous machine 20 (in FIG. 1, U-phase -V). AC voltage Vu-v between phases and AC voltage Vv-w between V phase and W phase are detected.
- Position detector 7 detects the position of the rotor of synchronous machine 20 based on the signals from current transformer 5 and voltage detector 6, and provides a signal indicating the detected value to inverter control unit 10 and converter control unit 13. .
- the inverter control unit 10 controls the firing phase of the inverter 2 based on the signal from the position detector 7.
- inverter control unit 10 includes a control angle calculation unit 11 and a gate pulse generator 12.
- the control angle calculation unit 11 calculates a phase control angle (firing angle) ⁇ based on the detected position of the rotor of the synchronous machine 20, and gives the calculated phase control angle ⁇ to the gate pulse generator 12.
- Gate pulse generation circuit 40 generates a gate pulse (ignition command) to be applied to the gate of the thyristor of inverter 2 based on phase control angle ⁇ received from control angle calculation unit 11.
- the inverter control unit 10 corresponds to an example of the “first control unit”.
- Converter control unit 13 controls the firing phase of converter 1 based on the signal from position detector 7 and the signal from current detector 9. Specifically, converter control unit 13 controls the firing phase of converter 1 such that direct current Id output from converter 1 matches current command value Id *. Converter control unit 13 corresponds to an example of the “second control unit”.
- Converter control unit 13 includes a speed control unit 14, a current control unit 15, a control angle calculation unit 16, and a gate pulse generator 17.
- the speed control unit 14 calculates the rotation speed of the synchronous machine 20 based on the detected position of the rotor of the synchronous machine 20.
- the speed control unit 14 generates a current command value Id * that is a target value of the direct current Id based on the calculated rotational speed.
- Current control unit 15 calculates deviation ⁇ Id between current command value Id * and DC current Id, and generates voltage command value VDC1 * based on the calculated deviation ⁇ Id.
- current control unit 15 includes a proportional element (P: proportional element), an integral element (I: integral element), and an adder.
- P proportional element
- I integral element
- the proportional element multiplies the deviation ⁇ Id by a predetermined proportional gain and outputs the result to the adding unit, and the integrating element integrates the deviation ⁇ Id with the predetermined integral gain and outputs the result to the adding unit.
- the adder adds the outputs from the proportional element and the integral element to generate a voltage command value VDC1 *.
- Voltage command value VDC1 * corresponds to a control command that defines DC voltage VDC1 that converter 1 should output.
- Converter 1 controls DC voltage VDC1 to be larger than DC voltage VDC2 on the input terminal side of inverter 2 by the voltage drop by DC reactor 3. Thereby, the direct current Id is controlled.
- Control angle calculation unit 16 calculates phase control angle ⁇ based on voltage command value VDC1 * supplied from current control unit 15.
- Vs the effective value of the line voltage of the three-phase AC voltage supplied to converter 1
- VDC1 # of DC voltage VDC1 output from converter 1 can be expressed by It is given by 1).
- VDC1 # 1.35 Vs cos ⁇ (1)
- the control angle calculation unit 16 calculates the phase control angle ⁇ by solving the voltage control value VDC1 * by putting the voltage command value VDC1 * into VDC1 # of the equation (1), and calculates the calculated phase control angle ⁇ .
- the gate pulse generator 17 is supplied.
- Gate pulse generation circuit 40 generates a gate pulse (ignition command) to be applied to the thyristor gate of converter 1 based on phase control angle ⁇ received from control angle calculation unit 16.
- the synchronous machine 20 when the armature windings ATU, ATV, ATW of the synchronous machine 20 are energized by the thyristor starter 100, heat losses (Joule heat) are generated in the armature windings ATU, ATV, ATW.
- the heat loss is proportional to the square of the current magnitude.
- the synchronous machine 20 is provided with a cooling structure.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a cooling structure of the synchronous machine 20.
- a fan 25 is attached to the rotation shaft of rotor 24.
- the fan 25 is rotationally driven by the rotation of the rotor 24.
- the cooling medium is circulated in the air passage formed in the rotor 24 and the stator 26 as shown by the arrows in the figure.
- hydrogen gas or air is used as the cooling medium.
- a cooler 27 is installed in the stator frame facing the air passage.
- the cooling medium circulated in the air passage is cooled by the cooler 27 and a cooler 27 installed in the stator frame facing the air passage.
- the rotational speed of the fan 25 is also low. As a result, the cooling capacity of the cooling medium may be reduced, and as a result, the synchronous machine 20 may overheat.
- FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the operation of the thyristor starting device 100. As shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows the direct current Id output from the converter 1 and the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20.
- commutation of the thyristor in the inverter 2 is performed using back electromotive force (induced voltage) induced in the armature windings ATU, ATV, ATW of the synchronous machine 20.
- Such commutation is called "load commutation”.
- the thyristor starter 100 stops the synchronous machine 20 by sequentially switching and executing the intermittent commutation mode (first mode) and the load commutation mode (second mode). Are configured to accelerate from the speed to the rated rotational speed.
- the thyristor starting device 100 executes the intermittent commutation mode. Then, when the rotation speed of the synchronous machine 20 reaches about 10% of the rated rotation speed, the thyristor start device 100 switches from the intermittent commutation mode to the load commutation mode.
- the rotational speed when switching from the intermittent commutation mode to the load commutation mode is also referred to as "switching rotational speed".
- switching rotational speed is set to about 10% of the rated rotational speed in the example of FIG. 3, the switching rotational speed can be arbitrarily set according to the relationship between the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 and the induced voltage.
- the direct current Id shows a pulse waveform.
- the peak value is set, for example, such that the integrated value of AC power supplied to the synchronous machine 20 during the intermittent commutation mode satisfies the amount of power for switching the synchronous machine 20 in the stopped state to accelerate to the rotational speed. Be done.
- FIG. 4 is a time chart schematically showing the commutation operation of the inverter 2 in the intermittent commutation mode.
- the three-phase AC voltages Vu, Vv, Vw, the DC current Id output from the converter 1, and the conduction among the six thyristors U, V, W, X, Y, Z of the inverter 2 are performed. Shows a thyristor.
- the inverter control unit 10 again applies gate pulses to the two necessary thyristors to ignite the two thyristors.
- converter control unit 13 applies a gate pulse to the gate of the thyristor of converter 1 based on current command value Id *. Thereby, the direct current Id starts to flow again.
- the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 since the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 is low during the intermittent commutation mode, the rotational speed of the fan 25 (see FIG. 2) attached to the rotational shaft of the rotor of the synchronous machine 20 is also low. ing. Therefore, it may be difficult to circulate the cooling medium in the air passage formed in the rotor 24 and the stator 26 of the synchronous machine 20. As a result, the synchronous machine 20 may overheat during the intermittent commutation mode.
- the capacity of the cooler can not but be increased, which may lead to the enlargement of the apparatus.
- the magnitude of the direct current Id is changed according to the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 in the intermittent commutation mode. Specifically, in the intermittent commutation mode, the DC current Id is increased as the rotation speed of the synchronous machine 20 increases.
- the direct current Id when the synchronous machine 20 is at the first rotational speed is smaller than the direct current Id when the synchronous machine 20 is at the second rotational speed higher than the first rotational speed.
- FIG. 5 is a time chart schematically showing the relationship between the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 and the direct current Id output from the converter 1 in the intermittent commutation mode.
- the maximum value of DC current Id output from converter 1 (that is, the maximum value of DC current Id output from converter 1 in the time until synchronous machine 20 reaches X% (where X ⁇ 10) of the rated rotation speed)
- the peak value of each pulse is I1.
- the maximum value (crest value of each pulse) of DC current Id output from converter 1 It is assumed that I2> I1).
- X% of the rated rotational speed can be set based on the lower limit rotational speed of the fan 25 (see FIG. 2) capable of circulating the cooling medium in the air passage. According to this, in the rotational speed range (0 to X% of the rated rotational speed) which causes a decrease in the cooling capacity of the cooling medium, the current supplied to the synchronous machine 20 becomes low, so the heat loss of the synchronous machine 20 Heat is suppressed. As a result, overheating of the synchronous machine 20 can be suppressed.
- the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 and the direct current Id shown in FIG. 3 are indicated by alternate long and short dash lines.
- the relationship of I1 ⁇ I0 ⁇ I2 holds between I1, I2 and I0.
- the adjustment of the direct current Id shown in FIG. 5 can be realized by adjusting the current command value Id * in accordance with the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20. That is, in the intermittent commutation mode, the current command value Id * is set such that the current value increases as the rotation speed of the synchronous machine 20 increases.
- the current command value Id * changes according to the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20.
- “changes according to the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20” means that the current command value Id * changes discretely according to the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 or the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 Accordingly, it means that the current command value Id * changes continuously.
- the current command value Id * when the synchronous machine 20 is at the first rotational speed is higher than the DC current Id when the synchronous machine 20 is at the second rotational speed higher than the first rotational speed. Also becomes smaller.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 and the current command value Id * in the intermittent commutation mode.
- the current command value Id * is set to I1.
- the rotation speed of the synchronous machine 20 is 10% or less higher than X% of the rated rotation speed
- the current command value Id * is set to I2 (I2> I1).
- Data indicating the relationship shown in FIG. 6 can be stored in a memory inside the thyristor starting device 100.
- the converter control unit 13 can generate the current command value Id * based on the calculated rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 by referring to the data.
- the data format may be a table or a function.
- the DC output current of the converter is adjusted such that the current value becomes higher as the rotation speed of the synchronous machine becomes higher. Therefore, the synchronous machine can be started in a short time while suppressing overheating of the synchronous machine. Moreover, the enlargement of the cooling structure for suppressing overheating of a synchronous machine can be suppressed.
- the current command value Id * may be continuously changed according to the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20.
- the current command value Id * is I3 when the rotation speed of the synchronous machine 20 is 0 rpm, and I4 (switching rotational speed) when the rotation speed of the synchronous machine 20 is 10% of the rated rotation speed. I4> I3).
- the current command value Id * linearly changes in accordance with the rotational speed.
- FIG. 8 is a time chart schematically showing the relationship between the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 and the direct current Id output from the converter 1 when the intermittent commutation mode is executed according to the relationship shown in FIG.
- the direct current Id changes continuously.
- the rotational speed of the synchronous machine 20 and the direct current Id shown in FIG. 3 are indicated by alternate long and short dashed lines.
- the relationship of I3 ⁇ I0 ⁇ I4 is established between I3, I4 and I0.
- the synchronous machine 20 is a generator which is rotationally driven by a gas turbine in a thermal power plant
- the invention is not limited thereto, and the synchronous machine 20 is used in the general industrial field It may be a synchronous machine.
- the synchronous machine 20 may be a synchronous machine for a cooling blower of a steel mill.
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- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
図2は、同期機20の冷却構造の一例を示す断面図である。図2を参照して、同期機20の機内では、回転子24の回転軸にはファン25が取り付けられている。ファン25は、回転子24の回転によって回転駆動される。ファン25が回転すると、図中矢印に示すように、回転子24および固定子26に形成される通風路に冷却媒体が循環される。冷却媒体には、たとえば水素ガスまたは空気が用いられる。固定子枠内には通風路に面して冷却器27が設置されている。通風路を循環した冷却媒体は、冷却器27、固定子枠内に通風路に面して設置された冷却器27によって冷却される。
図3は、サイリスタ起動装置100の動作を示すタイムチャートである。図3には、コンバータ1から出力される直流電流Idおよび同期機20の回転速度が示されている。
Claims (5)
- 同期機を起動させるサイリスタ起動装置であって、
交流電力を直流電力に変換するように構成されたコンバータと、
前記直流電力を平滑化する直流リアクトルと、
前記コンバータから前記直流リアクトルを介して与えられる前記直流電力を可変周波数の交流電力に変換して前記同期機に供給するように構成されたインバータと、
前記同期機の回転子位置を検出するように構成された位置検出器と、
前記位置検出器の検出信号に基づいて、前記インバータにおけるサイリスタの点弧位相を制御するように構成された第1の制御部と、
前記位置検出器の検出信号に基づいて、前記コンバータの直流出力電流が電流指令値に一致するように、前記コンバータにおけるサイリスタの点弧位相を制御するように構成された第2の制御部とを備え、
前記サイリスタ起動装置は、前記直流出力電流を断続的に零にすることにより前記インバータの転流を行なう第1のモードと、前記同期機の誘起電圧により前記インバータの転流を行なう第2のモードとを順次実行することにより、前記同期機を停止状態から所定の回転速度まで加速させるように構成され、
前記第1のモードにおいて、前記電流指令値は、前記同期機の回転速度が高くなるに従って電流値が大きくなるように設定される、サイリスタ起動装置。 - 前記第1のモードにおいて、前記第2の制御部は、前記同期機の回転速度に応じて前記電流指令値を離散的に変化させる、請求項1に記載のサイリスタ起動装置。
- 前記第1のモードにおいて、前記第2の制御部は、前記同期機の回転速度に応じて電流指令値を連続的に変化させる、請求項1に記載のサイリスタ起動装置。
- 前記第1のモードにおいて、
前記第1の制御部は、前記直流出力電流が零となる時間が経過したタイミングで前記インバータにおけるサイリスタを点弧させるように構成され、
前記第2の制御部は、前記直流出力電流が零となる時間が経過したタイミングで前記電流指令値に従って前記コンバータにおけるサイリスタの点弧位相を制御するように構成される、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のサイリスタ起動装置。 - 前記同期機は、
前記インバータから交流電力の供給を受ける固定子と、
回転子と、
前記回転子の回転軸に取り付けられ、前記固定子および前記回転子に形成された通風路に冷却媒体を循環させるように構成されたファンとを含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のサイリスタ起動装置。
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EP17914125.4A EP3644493B1 (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2017-06-21 | Thyristor starting device |
CN201780092298.5A CN110771028B (zh) | 2017-06-21 | 2017-06-21 | 晶闸管起动装置 |
US16/611,012 US11239769B2 (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2017-06-21 | Thyristor starter |
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