WO2018234592A1

WO2018234592A1 - Clamp for detachable fastening

Info

Publication number: WO2018234592A1
Application number: PCT/ES2017/070450
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jose Luis Ubiñana Felix
Original assignee: Sistemas Tecnicos De Encofrados, S.A.
Priority date: 2017-06-20
Filing date: 2017-06-20
Publication date: 2018-12-27

Abstract

The invention relates to a clamp for the detachable fastening of two formwork beams that cross, which comprises an elastic, single-piece structure with two intermediate arms that join respective areas intended to press both beams in support areas, the single-piece structure being formed by a rod of elastic material having two intermediate arms, the upper ends of which extend into respective extensions intended to press support areas of one of the beams to be fastened, while the other ends extend into a U- or V-shaped bridge intended to press the support area of the opposite beam to be joined, the rod comprising an elastic means in the form of a helical rod section.

Description

CLAMP FOR REMOVABLE FIXING

DESCRIPTION The present invention patent relates to a clamp for the detachable fastening of two intersecting shuttering beams.

Traditionally beams, both in wood, metal or mixed, are used in the construction industry, especially, to support formwork, are installed on two levels, a lower level of beams supported directly by struts and a higher level of beams arranged perpendicular to the previous ones and that rest on the first ones.

The joining together of the wooden beams in i is usually carried out by nailing. It is a laborious system, although effective and apart from its simplicity and adaptability has many drawbacks, such as reducing the useful life of the beams by the wear produced by the action of the nails, the disassembly and removal of the nails, which require abundant labor and the fact that the strength of the union is difficult to quantify, since it depends on numerous variable factors, such as nail diameter, angle and depth of the nailing, state of the wood, etc.

In addition to the method of fixing the wooden beams by nailing, other fastening systems are also known, such as the realization of clamps of various types with the use of threaded bolts and clamping nuts, as well as wedge systems. In all these cases, a manual tightening action is necessary which, therefore, has characteristics of discretion and, therefore, of variability.

WO 2016189182 A1 discloses a device for the detachable fastening of two intersecting shuttering beams. Said device essentially comprises a single-piece structure of elastic material with two compression zones separated from each other, for the simultaneous tightening in the support areas of the two beams to be joined, fixing one of the beams on the other and said compression zones being joined. each other by intermediate arms.

However, the clamp WO 2016189182 A1 as well as the rest of the prior art have a drawback in which the clamps can be rendered useless due to inelastic deformations caused by unwanted movements of the beams. This inelastic deformation does not require the operator to perform a great force to exceed the elastic limit of the clamp material, due to the lever effect that is produced by the distance between the situation of the clamp and the far end of the beam. Thus, the operator can disable the clamp if he manipulates the elements in a careless manner.

Inelastic deformations, also called plastic deformations, are those that present permanent (irreversible) deformations when the object does not return to its original shape after removing the applied load. The elastic limit, also called the limit of elasticity, is the tension maximum that a material can support without undergoing permanent deformations, that is, without reaching the inelastic deformation.

To overcome the aforementioned drawback of uselessness, the inventor, after numerous investigations and tests, has achieved a new pince design with greater elasticity and resistance to inelastic deformations and thus prolong the useful life of the present invention.

More particularly, the present invention discloses a clamp for the detachable fastening of two intersecting shuttering beams, comprising a one-piece elastic structure with two intermediate arms joining two areas intended to press both beams in support areas being the single-piece structure composed of a rod of elastic material that has two intermediate arms that extend at their upper ends in two expansions designed to press support areas of one of the beams to be fixed, while at the other end they extend into a bridge in U or in V intended to press the area of support of the beam opposite to where the rod comprises an elastic means in the form of a section of rod shaped like a helix section.

The increase in resistance to inelastic deformations of the present invention is given by an elastic means in the form of a three-dimensional helix. An elastic means in the form of a three-dimensional helix is a structure that follows a three-dimensional helix profile. A three-dimensional helix geometry is the name given to any curved line whose tangents form a constant angle, following a fixed direction in space. Thus, a helix geometry is defined as a spatial curve drawn on the surface of a cylinder (cylindrical helix) or a cone (conical helix), which forms a constant angle with its generatrices. A helical structure provides resistance to inelastic deformations to the present invention to prolong the useful life thereof. Preferably, the helix structure comprises a helical or spiral elastic piece, arranged so that the force it makes to recover its natural shape when it has been modified by pressure or elongation can be used to provide resistance to inelastic deformations. Said pressure or elongation is generally provided by the formwork girder struts and transferred to the helical elastic means by bent ends (paths of straight expansions) and intermediate arms.

Preferably, an elastic helical-shaped means comprises at least one complete loop of helix.

Preferably, the elastic helical-shaped means extends inferiorly from the respective vertical sections and connects superiorly with the intermediate arms.

In preferred embodiments, the clamp has two zones with a helical section shape, each located superiorly or inferiorly with respect to each of said two intermediate arms.

Preferably, the elastic means is located between respective vertical stretches of extension of the intermediate arms and the intermediate arms. Preferably, the elastic means is situated between respective horizontal sections of the U or V bridge and the intermediate arms. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the gripper has propeller-shaped rod sections located immediately before and after said vertical sections.

Preferably, each of the two assemblies formed by each of the intermediate arms and their corresponding expansion ends on the side opposite the U or V bridge in a terminal, said terminals being coaxial with each other to allow the device to swing around the axis of coaxiality of the terminals.

The lower U-shaped or V-shaped bridge formed by the two horizontal sections and the crossbar are in contact with the lower face of an upper lateral wing of the beam of the union located below, acting under pressure through its U or V section. on the underside of said wing or on the underside of a beam. The upper expansions of the clamp also preferably adopt a very open U structure, each upper expansion adapting to a respective lower wing of the upper beam of the set of two beams that it is desired to detachably fix. The material of the device may be a steel or a synthetic material, such as a plastic material or a composite.

The material of the steel device may be a steel with high elastic characteristics, possibly heat treated, so that once applied between the two beams to be fixed, the pressure exerted on the joint is constant, guaranteeing the fixing of the two beams and preventing the overturning of the upper beam, especially in the case of movement of operators above during the assembly of the formwork panels.

The embodiment of the clamp object of the present invention has two intermediate arms with their straight bent expansions (bent upper ends) and lower U-shaped or V-pressed bridge of the lower face of the upper wing of one of the lower beams of the set of two beams that you want to join.

The two intermediate arms form two double coverages at their upper part, joining respective substantially straight and parallel expansions or form two separate double coils on their upper part, which extend in individual vertical sections terminated in straight expansions and substantially perpendicular to them.

In one aspect the two intermediate arms form a slight angle of divergence between them, opening upwards.

According to another aspect, the U-shaped bridge is flat and the V-shaped bridge has arms that are not planar, but have two kinks whose vertices effect the pressing of one of the beams of the joint. According to another aspect, the upper pressing expansions of the wings of one of the beams and the lower U-shaped or V-shaped bridge of pressed one wing of the other beam of the joint, are arranged with slight convergence with each other.

The clamp allows its sliding along one of the beams to be joined by the device or its tilting on one of the beams to be joined by the device.

According to another aspect, the straight upper ends are capable of sliding along lateral grooves of the upper beams of the junctions of two crossed beams. The groove is made in the wooden side of the upper beam of the joint, mixed beam of steel and wood or the lateral grooves of the upper beam are constituted in the lower part of steel of a mixed beam.

It is also envisaged that the upper ends of the device are inserted into holes in the metal part of the mixed top beam of the joint.

In an alternative the zone of pressing on the wings of one of the beams is formed by flat wings which are joined by lateral connecting plates to a lower joining section that has a wide frontal expansion with an inclined flange, determining the edge of pressed in the wing of the other beam of the union.

For better understanding, explanatory drawings of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which are merely non-limiting examples, are attached by way of example. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a clamp for coupling struts in beams, according to a first embodiment, shown, in each arm of the clamp, a helical structure formed by a single ring, loop or loop whose pitch of three-dimensional helix it presents an inside-out direction and is connected to the U or V-bridge. FIG. 2 shows a rear perspective view of FIG. 1, in which the gripper for coupling struts in beams, according to a first embodiment, showing a helical structure formed by a single ring or aspirate whose three-dimensional helix pitch has an inside-out direction and is connected to the U or V-bridge. FIG. 3 shows an elevation view of FIG. 1, in which the clamp for coupling struts in beams, according to a first embodiment, showing a helical structure formed by a single ring or aspirate whose three-dimensional helix pitch presents a direction from inside towards outside and is attached to the bridge of U or V. Figure 4 shows a profile view of figure 1, in which the clamp for coupling struts in beams, according to a first embodiment, showing a helix structure formed by a only hoop or aspirate whose three-dimensional helix pitch presents an inside-out direction and is attached to the U or V-bridge. Figure 5 shows a rear perspective view, in which the clamp for coupling of struts in beams, according to a second embodiment, showing on each arm of the clamp a helical structure formed by a single ring or aspirate whose pitch of three-dimensional helix It has an outside-in direction and is attached to the U or V-bridge.

Figure 6 shows a rear perspective view, in which the clamp for coupling struts in beams, according to a third embodiment, showing on each arm of the clamp a helical structure formed by three rings or suckers whose three-dimensional helix pitch presents one direction from the inside out and is attached to the U or V bridge.

Figure 7 shows a profile view, in which the clamp for coupling struts in beams, according to a third embodiment, shows a helix structure formed by three rings or suckers whose three-dimensional helical pitch presents a direction from inside to outside and is attached to the bridge of U or V.

Figure 8 shows a rear perspective view, in which the clamp for coupling struts in beams, according to a fourth embodiment, arranging each arm of the clamp of a helix structure formed by a single ring or aspirate whose pitch of three-dimensional helix It presents an outside-in direction and is attached to a vertical section.

Figure 9 shows an elevation view, in which the clamp for coupling struts in beams, according to a fourth embodiment, shows a helical structure formed by a single ring or aspirate whose three-dimensional helix pitch presents a direction from outside to inside and it is attached to a vertical section.

Figure 10 shows a profile view, in which the clamp for coupling struts in beams, according to a fourth embodiment, shows a helical structure formed by a single ring or aspirate whose three-dimensional helix pitch presents an outward direction inward and it is attached to a vertical section.

Figure 1 1 shows a rear perspective view, in which the clamp for coupling struts in beams, according to a fifth embodiment, arranging in this case each arm of the clamp of a helix structure formed by a single ring or aspirate whose Three-dimensional helix pitch is attached to the U or V bridge and another helical structure that is attached to a vertical section.

As seen in figures 1 to 4, the clamp for detachable fastening, according to a first embodiment of the present invention, comprises two intermediate arms -6- and -7- slightly divergent towards its upper part and comprising multiple curved bends and they extend inferiorly in elastic means in the form of helix -10- and -1 1 -. The elastic means in the form of helix -10- and -1 1 - formed by a single loop (hoop or aspirate) have a three-dimensional helical pitch with an outward direction inwards and extend (extend) in vertical sections -1 - and -2- of extension of the intermediate arms. Said vertical sections are therefore in a more centered position than the intermediate arms. The mentioned vertical sections -1 - and -2- are prolonged internally on a base bridge pressed in a U-shape (U-shaped bridge). Said base bridge of U-shaped pressing is flat and is comprised of respective substantially horizontal sections -3- and -4-, and a cross-piece -5-. Thus, two respective substantially horizontal sections -3- and -4-, together with a crossbar -5- form a base bridge of pressed U or V shape. Superiorly, the intermediate arms -6- and -7- end in paths of bent straight expansions -8- and -9- which are the upper end of the clamp and substantially perpendicular to those.

In figure 5, a rear perspective view of a version of the clamp of the present invention is represented, according to a second embodiment, comprising two intermediate arms -6'- and -7'- slightly diverging toward its upper part and which comprise multiple curved bends and extend in elastic means in the form of helix -10'- and -1 1 '-. The elastic helical means -10'- and -1 1 '- formed by a single loop (ring or loop) have a three-dimensional helical pitch with direction from the inside towards the outside and are extended in said vertical sections -1' - and -2'-. The mentioned vertical sections -1 '- and -2'- are in turn extended in a base bridge of pressed U-shaped. Said base bridge of U-shaped pressing is flat and is comprised of respective substantially horizontal sections -3 '- and -4'-, and a crossbar -5'-. Thus, two respective substantially horizontal sections -3'- and -4'-, together with a cross-piece -5'- form a base bridge of pressed U-shaped. Superiorly, the intermediate arms -6'- and -7 ' - they end in paths of straight bent expansions -8'- and -9'- which are the upper end of the clamp and substantially perpendicular to those.

In FIGS. 6 and 7, the clamp for detachable fastening, according to a third embodiment of the present invention, comprises two intermediate arms -6 "- and -7" - slightly divergent towards their upper part and comprising multiple curved bends. The intermediate arms -6 "- and -7" - extend in vertical sections -1 "- and -2" - which in turn extend inferiorly in elastic means in the form of a helix -10 "- and -1 1" - . The elastic means in the form of a helix -10 "- and -1 1" - formed by three loops (rings or turns) have a three-dimensional helix pitch with an outward direction inwards and extend inferiorly in a base bridge of pressed in shape U. Said U-shaped base bridge is flat and is comprised of respective substantially horizontal sections -3 "- and -4" -, and a crosspiece -5 "- Thus, two respective substantially horizontal sections -3 "- and -4" -, together with a crossbar -5 "- form a base bridge of pressed U-shaped. Superiorly, the intermediate arms -6" - and -7 "- end in straight bent expansion paths -8 "- and -9" - which are the upper end of the clamp and sensibly perpendicular to those. As seen in figures 8, 9 and 10, the clamp for removable fastening, according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, comprises two intermediate arms -10 "'- and -1 1"' - slightly diverging towards its part superior and comprising multiple curved bends and extending into helical structures -8 "'- and -9"' -. The helix structures -8 "'- and -9"' - formed by a single loop (ring or loop) have a three-dimensional helix pitch with inside out and extend into vertical rod sections -6 "'- and - 7 "'-. Said vertical sections -6 "'- and -7"' - extend inferiorly in elastic means in the form of a helix formed by means of a loop (ring or suction), each of which are also defined, in this particular case, as curved bends. -1 and 2"'-. In turn, said helical structures or curved bends -1 "'- and -2"' - are extended on a base bridge of pressed U-shaped. Said U-shaped base bridge is flat and is comprised of respective substantially horizontal sections -3 "'- and -4"' -, and a crosspiece -5 "'-. respective substantially horizontal sections -3 "'- and -4"' -, together with a crossbar -5 "'- form a base bridge of pressed U-shaped. Superiorly, the intermediate arms -6"' - and -7 "'- end in straight bent expansion paths -8 "- and -9" - which are the upper end of the clamp and substantially perpendicular to those.

As seen in Figure 11, the clamp for detachable fastening, according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, comprises two intermediate arms -10 "" - and -1 1 "" - slightly divergent towards its upper part and which in turn they comprise multiple curved bends, they extend inferiorly in elastic means in the form of helix -8 "" - and -9 "" -. The elastic means in the form of helix -8 "" - and -9 "" - formed by a single loop (ring or loop) have a three-dimensional helix pitch with direction from inside to outside and extend inferiorly in vertical sections -6 " '- and -7 "' -. Said vertical sections -6 "'- and -7"' - extend inferiorly in helical structures formed by two rings or turns each. The direction of these helix structures -1 "" -, -2 "" - that develop from outside to inside, that is, in the opposite direction to the other helix structures -8 "" -, -9 "" -. In turn, said propeller structures are extended on a U-shaped base bridge. Said U-shaped base bridge is comprised of respective substantially horizontal sections -3 "" - and -4 "" -, and a crossbar -5 "" -. Thus, two respective substantially horizontal sections -3 "" - and -4 "" -, together with a crossbar -5 "" - form a base bridge of pressed U-shaped. Superiorly, the intermediate arms -6 "" - and -7 "" - end in straight bent expansion paths -13 "" - and -12 "" - which are the upper end of the clamp and substantially perpendicular to those. As will be understood, the number of loops of each one of the sections in the form of a helical section or helical structures can vary freely, as well as the direction of development from outside to inside or vice versa of each of them, being able to combine with freedom .

The clamp object of the present invention is intended to achieve the detachable connection of two intersecting formwork beams, being wooden beams in i, metallic or mixed, for example, the beam located below and the beam located above, resting the beam located above the beam below and being designed to receive the formwork panels on its upper face. The connection is made by interposition of the device object of the present invention, firmly joining and elasticly by its own characteristics the upper wing of the beam located below, with the lower wings of the beam of said located above. To do this, the U or V bridge is supported, pressing on the underside of the beam flange below, while the straight bent expansions -8- and -9-, press on the upper face of the lower wing of the beam located above, in the same joining area of the mentioned beams. In addition, the clamp object of the present invention presents elastic means in the form of a helix in different configurations, that is, in different locations (locations) of the clamp and different loops.

One of the advantageous features of the present invention, since its one-piece character and its spring elastic characteristics, allow easy placement, uniform and continuous pressure on the elements of the beams to be joined and very simple application by elementary tools such as hammer works and the like, without the need for tightening of nuts, moths or other elements of manual use. The simultaneous tightening force of the two beams to be joined is independent of the placement at an angle or depth of the clamp with respect to the beams to be joined. Likewise, the elastic means in the form of a helix provide the clamp with a better resistance to inelastic deformation.

The clamp of the present invention is guided by its upper ends or bent straight paths, which are inserted in lateral grooves such of the wooden part, pressing on the upper face of the metal part. The base bridge of pressed U-shaped or V-shaped press on the lower face of the metal part of the lower mixed beam.

Additionally, the clamp of the present invention is coupled to respective holes of the metal part of a mixed beam, in which the upper ends or straight bent paths are inserted in the said holes of the metal part of a mixed beam.

It will be noted that the device object of the present invention presents characteristics of high interest to the function to which it is intended in the construction branch. Indeed, as can be deduced from the foregoing, the new device allows a fast and economical manufacture, and in its coupling to a joint of beams in both wooden, mixed or metal, provides a great security, since the tightening that provides is independent of the position and the mounting force, depending only on the characteristics of the device itself. Its assembly is very simple and fast being incorporated in one of the beams of the union and circulating along the wings of the same for its fixation under the wing of the other beam that integrates the union, entering with elastic deformation and pressing a beam against the other depending on it. In addition, it allows the union of beams with a certain variation of angle with respect to perpendicularity.

It will be understood that the construction of the device object of the invention, which has been represented according to an example in the form of a rod, could adopt different structures while preserving the functional characteristics object of the invention. Thus, for example, tubes or a mixed tube and rod assembly can be used instead of rods. Likewise, mixed versions of rod and tube could be provided.

It should also be noted that although in the examples it has been shown the fixing devices of the beams in i sliding by an upper beam of the two forming a joint, an inverse arrangement in which they could slide through the lower beams could also be foreseen. looking at the upper beams of the joint.

It should also be noted that the device object of the invention is by its own characteristics easily recoverable and can be subsequently applied to other joints, since its characteristics do not vary practically with use.

They are also to observe the high safety features offered in the joint, ensuring a firm and stable fixing of the two beams that integrate the union and preventing the overturning of the upper beam on occasion, for example, of personnel circulation or in similar circumstances.

To achieve the application of the device in the joint formed by two beams, taking advantage of the elasticity of the device material, for example, rod, with elastic spring characteristics, the elements intended to exert pressure initially form a small angle with respect to the surfaces on those that must press. Thus, for example, the lower U-shaped bridge forms a certain angle of convergence with respect to the upper straight expansions, so that the correct pressing of the horizontal section of the lower bridge and of the upper straight expansions occurs. Likewise, the vertical arms of the device and the straight upper bent expansions in the plane which they determine together with the flange attachment bends and the extreme extensions of said expansions can form a certain angle of divergence between themselves.

Given the characteristics of the device object of the invention, the clamping force exerted on the flanges of the beams to be joined does not vary due to possible vibrations exerted on the assembly, such as can occur in devices involving threaded parts with nuts or similar elements or other assemblies.

The described embodiments have been shown with a U-bridge, although the invention will not only be limited to a U-bridge, but also, as claimed, with a V-bridge. According to an embodiment not shown, the two vertical sections extend into the horizontal sections, in which the said horizontal sections have an intermediate bend or bend, so they take the form of a very open V, forming respective contact areas or vertices. Said sections are joined by a rear crossbar of less length than the separation between the vertical sections, so that the lower bridge adopts a shape similar to a V since the sides that extend from its start in the crossbar to its end in the lower part of the vertical sections have a V shape.

While the invention has been described on the basis of representative examples, it should be understood that these are not limiting and that the invention will be limited only by the scope of the appended claims. Otherwise it is clear that those skilled in the art after knowing the present invention by its description, claims and drawings, may introduce multiple modifications that not to depart from the spirit of the invention will be included within the scope of it.

Claims

one . Clamp for the removable fastening of two intersecting shuttering beams, comprising a one-piece elastic structure with two intermediate arms joining two areas intended to press both beams in support areas, the one-piece structure being integrated by a rod of elastic material that has two intermediate arms that at their upper ends extend into two expansions designed to press support areas of one of the beams to be fixed, while at the other end they extend into a U or V bridge designed to press the support area of the opposite beam to join characterized in that the rod comprises an elastic means in the form of a rod section in the shape of a helix.

Clamp, according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the elastic means in the form of a rod section in the form of a helix comprises at least one complete loop of a helix.

Clamp, according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that it comprises two zones with helical section shape, each located superiorly or inferiorly with respect to each of said two intermediate arms.

Clamp according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that the elastic means is situated between respective vertical sections of extension of the intermediate arms and the intermediate arms.

Clamp, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastic means is located between respective horizontal sections of the bridge in U or V and respective vertical sections of extension of the intermediate arms.

Clamp according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that it has propeller-shaped rod sections located immediately before and after said vertical sections.

Clamp according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the two assemblies formed by each of the intermediate arms and their corresponding expansion ends on the side opposite the U or V bridge in a terminal, said terminals being coaxial to each other to allow tilting of the device around the coaxiality axis of the terminals.

Clamp, according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that the two intermediate arms have two double bids in their upper part, joining respective substantially straight expansions.

Clamp, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two intermediate arms form two double coverages in their upper part, which extend in individual vertical sections terminated in straight expansions and substantially perpendicular to them.

10. Clamp according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arms intermediates form a slight angle of divergence between them, opening upwards.

eleven . Clamp, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the U-shaped bridge is flat.

Clamp, according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that the V-shaped bridge has arms that are not flat, but have respective kinks whose vertices effect the pressing of one of the beams of the joint.

Clamp according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper pressing expansions of the wings of one of the beams and the lower bridge of pressing one wing of the other beam of the joint, are arranged with slight convergence between yes.

Clamp, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support areas of the cross beams to be joined are constituted by the upper or lower wings of beams in I.

Clamp, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it allows its tilting on one of the beams to be joined by the device.

Clamp, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the one-piece structure is a steel.

Clamp, according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the material is a steel with high elastic characteristics.

Clamp according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the structure is a synthetic material, a plastic material or a composite.

Clamp according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the simultaneous clamping force of the two beams to be joined is independent of the angle or depth of the device with respect to the beams to be joined.

Clamp according to claim 9, characterized in that the straight upper ends are capable of sliding along lateral grooves of the upper beams of the joints of two crossed beams.

twenty-one . Clamp, according to the previous claim, characterized in that the groove of the upper beam is made on the wooden side of the upper beam of the joint, mixed beam of steel and wood.

Clamp according to claim 20, characterized in that the lateral grooves of the upper beam are formed in the lower steel part of a mixed beam.

Clamp, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the zone of pressing on the wings of one of the beams is formed by flat wings that are joined by lateral connecting plates to a lower joining section that has a wide expansion front with an inclined flange, determining the edge of pressed on the wing of the other beam of the joint.