WO2018233503A1 - 通信方法和通信设备 - Google Patents

通信方法和通信设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018233503A1
WO2018233503A1 PCT/CN2018/090548 CN2018090548W WO2018233503A1 WO 2018233503 A1 WO2018233503 A1 WO 2018233503A1 CN 2018090548 W CN2018090548 W CN 2018090548W WO 2018233503 A1 WO2018233503 A1 WO 2018233503A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
message
random access
terminal device
base station
receiving
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PCT/CN2018/090548
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
樊波
刘亚林
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018233503A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018233503A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/004—Transmission of channel access control information in the uplink, i.e. towards network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
    • H04B7/088—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using beam selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0866—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using a dedicated channel for access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/0045—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay compensating for timing error by altering transmission time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and a communication device for communication in a wireless communication system.
  • Beamforming is an antenna array-based signal processing technique that concentrates signal energy in one direction by processing, thereby increasing the transmission distance of the signal in this direction.
  • beams can be used to represent the direction or range of signal transmission or reception.
  • the beam is divided into a transmit beam and a receive beam.
  • the transmit beam characterizes the direction and extent of the signal transmitted by the sender, while the receive beam characterizes the direction and extent of the signal that the receiver can receive.
  • the signal can only be successfully received when the transmit beam and the receive beam are aligned.
  • the base station When the base station receives the random access message sent by the terminal device by using beam scanning, multiple identical random access messages may be received from multiple receiving beams. In this case, the base station transmitting multiple random access response messages may cause occupation and consumption of time-frequency resources.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, device, and related products, so as to reduce occupation and consumption of time-frequency resources by sending multiple random access response messages.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including:
  • the second TA Determining, by the second TA, a random access second message including the second TA, when a difference between TAs corresponding to any two of the at least two receiving beams is less than the preset threshold,
  • the second TA is obtained according to a preset rule according to a TA corresponding to each of the at least two receiving beams.
  • the foregoing method may receive, by the base station, the at least two random access first messages, and send a random access second message including the first TA or a random access including the second TA Second message.
  • the first TA may be a TA corresponding to a receive beam with the strongest signal strength among the at least two receive beams. Selecting the receiving beam with the strongest signal strength can ensure the success rate of subsequent message transmission and reception, thereby improving the success rate of random access, and the reliability of random access is high.
  • selecting the receiving beam with the strongest signal can determine which receiving beam has the highest signal strength by measuring the energy intensity of the signal received on each receiving beam, such as the average energy intensity of the reference signal.
  • the sending beam used when the random access second message is sent may be the sending beam corresponding to the time-frequency resource used by the at least one terminal device to send the random access first message. That is, the transmit beam used when the random access second message is sent may be a transmit beam that is associated with the time-frequency resource used by the at least one terminal device to send the random access first message.
  • the preset rule includes but is not limited to one of the following manners:
  • a TA corresponding to the receive beam having the strongest signal strength among the at least two receive beams is used as the second TA.
  • the random access first message may be the message 1 sent by the terminal device to the base station in the random access process
  • the random access second message may be the base station in the random access process to the terminal.
  • the message sent by the device 2 may be the message 3 sent by the terminal device to the base station in the random access process
  • the random access fourth message may be the message sent by the base station to the terminal device during the random access process.
  • the random access second message when the difference between the TAs corresponding to any two of the at least two receiving beams is less than the preset threshold, the random access second message further includes an indication terminal The device sends information about the number of random accesses of the third message;
  • the number of times that the terminal device sends the random access third message in the random access second message is the same as the number of beams of the at least two receiving beams.
  • a field may be added to the random access second message or an existing field may be multiplexed to indicate that the terminal device sends the random access third message number.
  • the method further includes:
  • the random access second message further includes information indicating a time-frequency resource used by the terminal device each time the random access third message is sent.
  • the time-frequency resource used by the terminal device to indicate that the terminal device sends the random access third message each time is a time-frequency associated with the at least two receiving beams. Resources. That is, the random access third message sent by the at least one terminal device according to the indicated time-frequency resource can be received by using the at least two receiving beams.
  • the method further includes:
  • the time-frequency resource used by the terminal device to send the random access third message included in the random access second message is located on multiple Transmission Time Intervals (TTIs).
  • TTIs Transmission Time Intervals
  • the time-frequency resource used by the terminal device in the random access second message to send the random access third message is located on multiple consecutive TTIs.
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the message includes a TA field and a Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI) field.
  • C-RNTI Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier
  • the modified TA is sent to the terminal device by using the random access fourth message
  • the modified C-RNTI is sent to the terminal device by using the random access fourth message.
  • the TA in the random access fourth message is a TA modified with respect to the TA in the random access second message;
  • the C-RNTI in the random access fourth message is a C-RNTI corrected relative to the C-RNTI in the random access second message.
  • the random access is received from the receiving beam corresponding to the first TA.
  • Third message when the difference between the TAs corresponding to any two of the at least two receiving beams is greater than a preset threshold, the random access is received from the receiving beam corresponding to the first TA.
  • the random access second message including the first TA or the random access second message including the second TA is sent by using a transmit beam, where the transmit beam is Two transmit beams corresponding to the time-frequency resources used when the first message is randomly transmitted.
  • the at least two receive beams are within a coverage of one transmit beam, and the at least two random access first messages include the same random access preamble.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, including:
  • the base station Receiving a random access second message sent by the base station, where the random access second message includes a number of times indicating that the random access third message is sent and a time-frequency resource that sends a random access third message each time;
  • the received random access second message includes the number of times the random access third message is sent and the time-frequency resource of the random access third message are sent, so that multiple random accesses are received.
  • the waste of time-frequency resources caused by messages can also improve the efficiency of random access.
  • the terminal device receives the random access second message sent by the base station, and sends a random access third message.
  • the time-frequency resource that sends the random access third message each time is located on multiple TTIs.
  • the time-frequency resource that sends the random access third message each time is located on multiple consecutive TTIs.
  • the method further includes:
  • the received random access fourth message is discarded until the terminal device carried in the received random access fourth message Whether the identity is the same as its own identity or the contention resolution timer expires.
  • the fourth message of the random access is not received or discarded, and the fourth message of the random access sent by the base station is continued to be received until A random access fourth message containing its own identity is received or until the contention resolution timer expires.
  • the TA included in the random access fourth message is not a preset specific value, correct the already acquired TA according to the TA included in the random access fourth message;
  • the C-RNTI included in the random access fourth message is not a preset specific value, the C-RNTI that has been acquired is corrected according to the C-RNTI included in the random access fourth message.
  • the random access first message is sent to the base station within a coverage of a transmit beam of the base station;
  • the coverage of the transmit beam further includes other terminal devices, and the random access preamble in the random access first message and the random access preamble in the random access first message sent by the other terminal device the same.
  • the random access first message may be the message 1 sent by the terminal device to the base station in the random access process
  • the random access second message may be the base station in the random access process to the terminal.
  • the message sent by the device 2 may be the message 3 sent by the terminal device to the base station in the random access process
  • the random access fourth message may be the message sent by the base station to the terminal device during the random access process.
  • the present application is also an embodiment of a communication device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, the processor executing the program to cause the communication device to implement the above The steps performed by the method.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable medium for storing a computer program, when the computer program is executed, causing the method described in the above aspect to be performed.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product comprising instructions, when executed on a computer, causing the computer to perform the method in any of the above possible implementation manners.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first implementation scenario of a transmit beam of a base station and a receive beam of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second implementation scenario of a transmit beam of a base station and a receive beam of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third implementation scenario of a transmit beam of a base station and a receive beam of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3(b) is another schematic diagram of a third implementation scenario of a transmit beam of a base station and a receive beam of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method implementation according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method implementation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal device in the present application is a device having an infinite communication function, and may be a handheld device having a wireless communication function, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a computing device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem.
  • Terminal devices in different networks may be called different names, such as: user equipment, access terminals, subscriber units, subscriber stations, mobile stations, mobile stations, remote stations, remote terminals, mobile devices, user terminals, terminals, wireless communications.
  • Device, user agent or user device cellular phone, cordless phone, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), Terminal equipment in a 5G network or a future evolution network.
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • WLL Wireless Local Loop
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the base station in this application may also be referred to as a base station device, and is a device deployed in a wireless access network to provide wireless communication functions, and may be Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) or code division multiple access.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • NodeB, NB for short in Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • It may be an evolved base station (Evolutional Node B, eNB or eNodeB) in Long Term Evolution (LTE), or a relay station or an access point, a transmission node or a transmission and reception point (TRP) in the NR system.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • TRP transmission and reception point
  • TP next generation Node B
  • Wi-Fi Wireless-Fidelity
  • wireless backhaul nodes small stations, micro stations, or future fifth generation mobile communications
  • 5G Fifth Generation Mobile Communication
  • the process of the terminal device randomly accessing the base station mainly includes:
  • the terminal device sends a random access message 1 to the base station, where the message 1 includes a random access preamble;
  • the base station sends a random access response message to the terminal device, that is, message 2, for allocating the uplink time-frequency resource of the transmission message 3 and the C-RNTI of the received message 4.
  • the terminal device sends a message 3 to the base station, where the message 3 can carry a radio resource control (RRC) connection request and a buffer status report (BSR) of the logical channel;
  • RRC radio resource control
  • BSR buffer status report
  • the base station sends a message 4 to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the message 4 through the C-RNTI.
  • Random access is classified into competitive random access and non-competitive random access.
  • a random access channel RACH
  • RACH random access channel
  • TA is the time required for the terminal device to send an uplink signal, that is, the time required for the terminal device to send a signal to the base station.
  • Each terminal device transmits a signal according to its distance from the base station, so that the signals of all terminal devices can reach the base station at the same time.
  • the terminal equipment needs to use the correct TA to successfully send signals to the base station.
  • the TA is measured by the base station when receiving the message 1, and is sent to the terminal device through the message 2, and the terminal device sends the subsequent message by using the acquired TA.
  • the base station receives the message 1 sent by the terminal device from multiple receiving beams, and can detect the TA corresponding to each message 1.
  • a beam can be understood as a spatial resource and can refer to a transmit or receive precoding vector with energy transmission directivity.
  • the transmitting or receiving precoding vector can be identified by index information.
  • the energy transmission directivity may be that the signal received by the precoding process after receiving the precoding vector has a good receiving power in a certain spatial position, such as satisfying the receiving demodulation signal to noise ratio, etc.; Directivity may also mean that the same signals transmitted from different spatial locations are received by the precoding vector with different received power.
  • the same communication device may have different precoding vectors, and different devices may also have different precoding vectors, that is, corresponding to different beams.
  • one communication device can use one or more of a plurality of different precoding vectors at the same time, ie, one or more beams can be formed at the same time.
  • the information of the beam can be identified by the index information.
  • the index information may be configured to correspond to a resource identifier of the UE.
  • the index information may correspond to an ID or a resource of a channel status information reference signal (CSI-RS). ID or resource of the configured Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).
  • the index information may also be index information of a signal or channel display or implicit bearer carried by the beam, for example, the index information may be a synchronization signal sent by a beam or a broadcast channel indicating the beam. Index information.
  • the beam pair may include a transmit beam at the transmitting end and a receive beam at the receiving end, or also referred to as an uplink beam or a downlink beam.
  • the beam pair may include a gNB Tx beam transmission beam or a UE Rx beam reception beam, or a UE Tx beam transmission beam or a gNB Rx beam reception beam, where the transmission beam may also be understood as a transmission beam.
  • a communication resource may also be simply referred to as a resource.
  • Communication resources can be used to transmit signals.
  • the types of communication resources may be spatial resources, time domain resources, and frequency domain resources.
  • the types of communication resources may be beams, ports, and the like.
  • a collection of different kinds of communication resources is also a communication resource.
  • time-frequency resources including time domain resources and frequency domain resources
  • a combination of beams and ports is also a communication resource.
  • first and second in this application are used for descriptive purposes only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining “first” and “second” may include one or more of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation scenario of a transmit beam of a base station and a receive beam of a terminal device.
  • an ellipse in the figure represents a beam.
  • the base station transmits information to the terminal device, only the signal of the transmitting beam in the middle can reach the terminal device, and the terminal device can only receive the signal from the intermediate receiving beam. No other beam can receive the signal. Therefore, if the base station wants to send information to the terminal device, it needs to perform beam matching first to determine the correct transmit beam of the base station and the receive beam of the terminal device. Similarly, beam matching is also required when the terminal device transmits information to the base station.
  • the terminal device just accesses the cell, it does not match the transmit beam and the receive beam of the base station. At this time, in order to transmit and receive information, it is necessary to perform beam scanning first. For example, when receiving the message 1 in the random access procedure, the base station needs to use multiple receiving beams to separately receive the message 1 in order to receive the message 1 and determine the correct receiving beam.
  • the base station in order to achieve better coverage, can use a higher transmit power, so that the transmit beam of the base station has a wider angle.
  • the base station since its energy is limited, it cannot use too high power, and the transmission beam of the terminal device tends to be narrow.
  • the base station In order to obtain a higher receiving gain, the base station also uses a relatively narrow receiving beam to receive. This results in a scenario where the base station transmits signals from a wider beam but receives signals from a narrower beam, such as the scenario shown in FIG. In Figure 2, the base station has a wide transmit beam, a narrow receive beam, and one transmit beam covers the range of two receive beams.
  • the terminal device may determine the transmit beam of the base station by receiving the synchronization signal before random access. That is, the terminal device can determine which transmit beam of the base station is aligned with itself, and notify the base station of the determined transmit beam of the base station through the message 1 in the random access procedure.
  • the method for the terminal device to notify is based on the association between the transmit beam of the base station and the time-frequency resource used by the message 1 sent by the terminal device. That is, when the base station receives the message 1 sent by the terminal device, the time-frequency resource used by the terminal device to send the message 1 is measured. According to the correspondence between the time-frequency resource and the transmission beam, the base station can know which transmission beam of the terminal is aligned with the terminal. equipment.
  • the adoption of this technology causes the terminal devices in the same transmit beam coverage of the base station to use the same time-frequency resource to send the message 1. If a plurality of terminal devices use the same preamble again (in the contention-based random access procedure, the preamble sent by the message 1 is selected by the terminal device itself), the base station cannot distinguish that the messages 1 are from the same terminal device. Still multiple terminal devices, because the preamble and time-frequency resources are the same.
  • the base station when the base station receives the message 1 by using beam scanning and receives the same message 1 (the same time-frequency resource and preamble in message 1) from multiple receiving beams, the base station cannot determine that these messages 1 are from the same terminal.
  • the device is also a plurality of terminal devices. As shown in FIG. 3(a), the base station receives the message 1 transmitted by the same terminal device (terminal device 1) through the receive beam 1 and the receive beam 2. As shown in FIG. 3(b), the base station receives the message 1 transmitted by the different terminal devices (the terminal device 2 and the terminal device 3) through the reception beam 1 and the reception beam 2. In both cases, if the terminal device just uses the same preamble again, the base station cannot distinguish whether the messages 1 are from the same terminal device or multiple terminal devices.
  • the base station it is common practice for the base station to send multiple messages 2.
  • the fact that the base station sends multiple messages 2 will occupy certain time-frequency resources, resulting in the occupation and consumption of time-frequency resources.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method and device, so as to reduce occupation and consumption of time-frequency resources by sending multiple messages 2 in a random access procedure.
  • the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 are located in the coverage of one transmission beam of the base station, the base station receives the message sent by the terminal device 1 through the receiving beam 1, and receives the message sent by the terminal device 2 through the receiving beam 2; and the terminal device 1 and The terminal device 2 uses the same preamble to initiate random access as an example for description. It can be understood that when three or more terminal devices perform random access in one transmit beam of the base station, reference may be made to the implementation of random access by two terminal devices in one transmit beam of the base station in the embodiment of the present application. The way to achieve, no longer repeat them.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method implementation according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the method includes:
  • Step 101 The terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 respectively send a random access message 1 to the base station, and the base station respectively receives the message 1 sent by the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2;
  • the base station receives the random access message 1 sent by the terminal device 1 through the receiving beam 1, and the base station receives the random access message 1 sent by the terminal device 2 through the receiving beam 2.
  • Step 102 The base station measures the TA corresponding to the receiving beam used when receiving each message 1, and determines the difference between any two TAs of the measured plurality of TAs;
  • step 103A-106A in FIG. 4 is performed; if the measured difference between any two TAs is less than a preset threshold, FIG. 5 is performed. Step 103B - Step 106B.
  • This embodiment is described by taking two terminal devices as an example.
  • the base station measures the TA corresponding to the receiving beam 1, that is, the TA when the terminal device 1 sends the message 1 is TA1.
  • the terminal device 2 transmits the message 1 through the receiving beam 2 of the base station, and the base station measures the TA corresponding to the receiving beam 2, that is, the TA when the terminal device 2 transmits the message 1 is TA2.
  • the base station compares whether the difference between TA1 and TA2 is greater than a preset threshold.
  • Step 103A When the measured difference between any two of the plurality of TAs is greater than a preset threshold, the base station selects one TA from the multiple TAs as the first TA, and sends a random access message 2, The message 2 includes the first TA;
  • the base station sends a message 2, and the message 2 includes only one TA, that is, the first TA. Since only one random access message 2 is sent, two different messages 2 are not sent, which reduces the occupation and consumption of time-frequency resources caused by sending multiple random access messages 2 during the random access process. It can be understood that when the number of terminal devices is three or more, the time-frequency resources that can be reduced are more.
  • the TA corresponding to the receiving beam with the strongest signal strength may be selected as the first TA.
  • the signal strength of the receive beam 1 is the strongest
  • TA1 when the terminal device 1 transmits the message 1 is used as the first TA. Selecting the receiving beam with the strongest signal strength can ensure the success rate of subsequent message transmission and reception, thereby improving the success rate of random access, and the reliability of random access is high.
  • the base station selects the strongest receiving beam of the signal, and can determine which receiving beam has the highest signal strength by measuring the energy intensity of the signal received on each receiving beam, for example, the average energy intensity of the reference signal.
  • the reference signal includes, but is not limited to, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) or an SRS.
  • the transmitting beam used by the base station to send the message 2 is a transmitting beam corresponding to the time-frequency resource used by the terminal device to send the message 1. Since the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 are located within the coverage of one transmission beam of the base station, the message 2 transmitted by the base station can be received by both the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2.
  • the threshold value in the embodiment of the present application may be differently set according to a specific scenario, and the specific threshold is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the threshold value described in the embodiment of the present application can be used as long as the different terminal devices can be effectively distinguished and the conditions of the random access are met.
  • Step 104A After receiving the message 2, the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 respectively send a message 3 to the base station;
  • the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 carry the first TA acquired from the message 2.
  • the message 3 sent by the terminal device 1 to the base station includes the first TA
  • the message 3 sent by the terminal device 2 to the base station also includes the first TA.
  • the TAs carried in the message 3 sent by the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 are the same, and are all the first TAs.
  • Step 105A The base station receives the message 3 through the receiving beam corresponding to the first TA;
  • the base station selects the TA corresponding to the receive beam 1 as the first TA, and the message 3 sent by the terminal device 1 can be successfully received, and the message 3 sent by the terminal device 2 is not received.
  • the terminal device 2 fails to access the random access procedure, and can randomly retransmit the random access message 1 after a period of random backoff.
  • Step 106A The base station sends a message 4 of random access to the terminal device.
  • the base station can transmit the randomly accessed message 4 to the terminal device 1 based on the received message 3 of the random access.
  • step 102 If the difference between any two of the plurality of TAs measured by the base station is less than a preset threshold in step 102, the method provided in this embodiment of the present application is as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 103B When the measured difference between any two TAs of the plurality of TAs is less than a preset threshold, the base station determines the second TA, and sends a random access message 2; the message 2 includes the foregoing The second TA and information indicating the number of times the terminal device transmits the message 3.
  • the second TA may be obtained by the base station according to a preset rule, and the TA1 corresponding to the receiving beam 1 and the TA2 corresponding to the receiving beam 2 are obtained according to a preset rule.
  • the preset rules include, but are not limited to, taking the average value of TA1 and TA2 or a value close to the average value, taking the TA of the maximum value of TA1 and TA2, taking the minimum value of TA1 and TA2, or receiving the signal with the strongest signal strength.
  • the TA corresponding to the beam include, but are not limited to, taking the average value of TA1 and TA2 or a value close to the average value, taking the TA of the maximum value of TA1 and TA2, taking the minimum value of TA1 and TA2, or receiving the signal with the strongest signal strength.
  • the value of the second TA may also be another value that can represent multiple TAs, so that each terminal device can send the message 3 to the base station after receiving the second TA from the message 2 and can Sent successfully.
  • the base station when the message is sent by the base station, the base station sends the message 2 by using a transmit beam corresponding to the time-frequency resource when the terminal device sends the message 1.
  • the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 are located in the coverage of one transmission beam of the base station, and the transmission beam of the base station corresponding to the time-frequency resource when the terminal device 1 transmits the message 1 corresponds to the time-frequency resource when the terminal device 2 transmits the message 1.
  • the transmit beams of the base stations are the same. Therefore, both the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 can receive the same message 2 transmitted by the base station.
  • the number of times the base station indicates that the terminal device sends the message 3 may be determined according to the number of receiving beams used by the base station when receiving the message 1.
  • the base station instructs the terminal device to transmit the message 3 the same number of times as the receiving beam used by the base station to receive the message 1.
  • the base station receives the message 1 sent by the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 through two different receiving beams (the receiving beam 1 and the receiving beam 2), and then in the message 2, the number of times the terminal device sends the message 3 is 2 times. It can be understood that when the base station receives the message 1 sent by the N or M terminal devices through the N receiving beams, the base station indicates in the message 2 that the number of times the terminal device sends the message 3 is N times. Wherein N and M are integers greater than 0, and M is greater than or equal to N.
  • the number of times that the base station indicates that the terminal device sends the message 3 may be indicated by adding a new field in the message 2, or may be indicated by using a field existing in the message 2.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the base station.
  • the field included in the message 2 includes: a random backoff parameter field of the retransmission message 1 (for calculating a random backoff time), and a random sequence ID field used by the message 1 (for the terminal device to identify the message 2 Which message is the response 1), the TA field, the uplink resource scheduling (UL-grant) field for transmitting the message 3, and the field for receiving the C-RNTI of the message 4.
  • the base station may add a field in the message 2 to indicate the number of times the terminal device sends the message 3, and may also multiplex the random backoff parameter field of the retransmission message 1, the random sequence ID field used by the message 1, the TA field, and the UL-grant. Any one of the field and the C-RNTI field to indicate the number of times the terminal device sends the message 3.
  • the message 2 may further include information indicating a time-frequency resource used by the terminal device each time the message 3 is sent.
  • the base station indicates in the message 2 the number of times the terminal device sends the message 3 in order to be able to receive the message 3 sent by all the terminal devices.
  • the time-frequency resource used by the terminal device each time the message 3 is sent may be indicated.
  • the time-frequency resource used by the terminal 2 to indicate that the terminal device sends the message 3 each time is a time-frequency resource that has a management relationship with the receiving beam used when receiving the message 1.
  • the time-frequency resource used by the terminal 2 to indicate that the terminal device sends the message 3 each time is a time-frequency resource associated with one of the receiving beam 1 and the receiving beam 2. That is, when the terminal device transmits the message 3 according to the time-frequency resource used when transmitting the message 3 indicated in the message 2, the base station can receive the received beam 1 or the received beam 2.
  • the base station indicates that the time-frequency resources used by the terminal device each time the message 3 is sent may be different.
  • the time-frequency resource used by the base station to indicate that the terminal device sends the message 3 each time may be a time-frequency resource on the continuous TTI.
  • Step 104B After receiving the same message 2, the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 respectively send a message 3 to the base station;
  • the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 respectively transmit the message 3 in accordance with the number of times the message 3 is transmitted as indicated in the message 2. For example, in the message 2, the number of times the message 3 is sent is 2 times, the terminal device 1 transmits the message 3 twice, and the terminal device 2 also sends the message 3 twice.
  • the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 respectively follow the indications of the message 2, respectively.
  • Message 3 is sent on the time-frequency resource of the second transmission message 3.
  • the terminal device 1 corresponds to the reception beam 1 of the base station
  • the terminal device 2 corresponds to the reception beam 2 of the base station.
  • the base station in the message 2 sent indicates that the message 3 is sent twice and the message 3 is sent on two consecutive TTIs. Then, on the first TTI, the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 respectively send a message 3; on the second TTI, the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 respectively send a message 3.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device sends the message 3, the terminal device also carries the second TA obtained from the message 2.
  • the message 3 sent by the terminal device 1 to the base station includes the second TA carried in the message 2
  • the message 3 sent by the terminal device 2 to the base station also includes the second TA carried in the message 2. .
  • Step 105B The base station receives the message 3 sent by the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2;
  • the base station receives the message 3 on each corresponding time-frequency resource.
  • the terminal device 1 corresponds to the receiving beam 1 of the base station
  • the terminal device 2 corresponds to the base station receiving beam 2
  • the message 2 sent by the base station indicates the sending message 3 on two consecutive TTIs
  • the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 are consecutively Message 3 is sent on both TTIs.
  • the base station can receive the message 3 sent by the terminal device 1 through the receiving beam 1.
  • the base station can receive the message 3 sent by the terminal device 2 through the receive beam 2.
  • the base station can receive the message 3 sent by the terminal device 1 and the terminal device 2 through the two receiving beams.
  • the problem that the base station cannot receive the message 3 sent by the plurality of terminal devices from different receiving beams at the same time can be solved.
  • the base station can receive the message 3 sent by all the terminal devices in a time division manner.
  • Step 106B The base station sends a message 4 to the terminal device.
  • the base station can determine, by the received message 3, whether the message 3 is from one terminal device or multiple terminal devices. For example, the base station may determine, according to the ID of the terminal device carried in the received message 3, whether the message 3 sent by one terminal device or the message 3 sent by multiple terminal devices.
  • the base station transmits only one message 4.
  • a message 4 needs to be sent to each terminal device.
  • the base station can send different messages 4 at different times.
  • each terminal device determines whether the ID included in the received message 4 is the same as its own ID. If the same, the message 4 is received, if it is different, the message 4 is discarded, and the control channel continues to be listened to to receive the message 4. Until the received ID 4 is the same as its own ID, indicating that the received message 4 is sent to itself, it will not continue to receive the message 4; or the random access contention timer expires, receiving the message 4 fails. , no longer receive message 4.
  • the base station Since in step 103B, the base station only sends a message 2, the message 2 includes a TA (the second TA), causing some terminal devices or all terminal devices to successfully send the message 3, but it transmits The TA value in message 3 is not completely correct, so the base station needs to send the correct TA to the incorrect terminal device of the TA through message 4.
  • the base station only specifies one temporary C-RNTI in the message 2, and each terminal device needs to have a unique C-RNTI in the cell after the random access ends. Therefore, only one terminal device can continue to use the temporary C-RNTI as the official C-RNTI, and all other terminal devices need to be re-designated C-RNTI. Therefore, the base station needs to carry the corrected C-RNTI in the transmitted message 4.
  • the base station In order to enable each terminal device to successfully complete the random access, the base station needs to carry the modified TA and C-RNTI in the transmitted message 4.
  • the modified TA and C-RNTI can be carried in two fields.
  • the base station may add two fields in the message 4 to carry the modified TA and C-RNTI, or directly modify the existing TA and C-RNTI fields to the modified TA and C-RNTI, and may also The existing field of multiplexing carries the modified TA and C-RNTI.
  • the base station adds two fields in the message 4 to carry the modified TA and C-RNTI as an example, and the base station sends the modified TA and C-RNTI to the terminal device through the message 4.
  • the base station first judges whether the TA measured when the message 3 is received is the same as the TA carried in the message 3.
  • the TA carried by the terminal device in the message 3 is the second TA, and the TA measured when the base station receives the message 3 is a specific TA when each terminal device sends the message 3. If the two are different, you need to fix the TA. That is, the base station uses the value of the TA measured when receiving the message 3 as the value of the modified TA of the terminal device, and adds a field in the message 4 for recording the value of the modified TA.
  • each terminal device After receiving the message 4 sent by the base station, each terminal device first determines whether it is the same as its own ID according to the ID carried in the message 4. If they are the same, it is confirmed that the message 4 is sent to itself, and the newly added TA field and C-RNTI field in the message 4 are read.
  • the terminal device acquires the contents of the two fields and updates its TA and C-RNTI.
  • the base station can implement multiple random accesses of multiple terminal devices at the same time, which can avoid waste of time-frequency resources caused by sending multiple messages 2, and solves the problem that multiple terminal devices use the same time-frequency resource.
  • the above embodiment is described by taking random access initiated by two terminal devices as an example.
  • more than three terminal devices are within the coverage of one transmit beam of the base station and message 1 is transmitted using the same random access preamble, there may be more than three different TAs.
  • the base station may refer to the implementation manner of the foregoing step 103A to step 106A for the terminal device corresponding to the TA whose difference is greater than the preset threshold; and refer to the terminal device corresponding to the TA whose difference is less than the preset threshold.
  • the implementation of the above steps 103B-106B is implemented. No longer.
  • each network element such as a base station or a terminal device
  • each network element includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function in order to implement the above functions.
  • the present application can be implemented in a combination of hardware or hardware and computer software in conjunction with the methods or steps of the various examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or computer software to drive hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application may divide a function module into a base station or a terminal device according to the foregoing method example.
  • each function module may be divided according to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of the module in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and the actual implementation may have another division manner. The following is an example of dividing each functional module by using corresponding functions.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 600.
  • the communication device 600 can be a base station.
  • Figure 6 shows a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of a base station.
  • the base station includes a 601 part and a 602 part.
  • Section 601 is mainly used for transmitting and receiving RF signals and conversion of RF signals and baseband signals;
  • Section 602 is mainly used for baseband processing and base station control.
  • the RF unit in 601 is mainly used for RF processing.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in the 601 part may be regarded as the receiving unit, and the device for implementing the sending function is regarded as the sending unit, that is, the 601 part includes the receiving unit and the sending unit.
  • the receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, a receiver, or a receiving circuit, etc.
  • the transmitting unit may be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit or the like.
  • Section 602 can include one or more boards, each board can include one or more processors, and one or more memories for reading and executing programs in memory to implement baseband processing functions and to base stations control. If multiple boards exist, the boards can be interconnected to increase processing power. As an optional implementation manner, multiple boards share one or more processors, or multiple boards share one or more memories, or multiple boards share one or more processes at the same time. Device.
  • Section 601 can be generally referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver.
  • Section 602 is typically the control center of the base station and may generally be referred to as a processing unit for controlling the base station to perform the steps performed by the base station in Figures 4 and 5 above.
  • the 602 part may perform the steps of determining, by the base station in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the difference of the TA, selecting the TA, determining the number of times the terminal device sends the message 3, the time-frequency resource, determining whether the message 4 sent to the terminal device needs to be corrected, or the like.
  • the 601 part may perform the steps or functions of the base station receiving the random access message 1 and the message 3, and the step or function of sending the randomly accessed message 2 and the message 4 to the terminal device in FIG. 4 or FIG.
  • the base station receiving the random access message 1 and the message 3
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 700, which may be a terminal device.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of a simplified terminal device.
  • the terminal device is described by taking a mobile phone as an example.
  • the terminal includes a processor, a memory, a radio frequency circuit, an antenna, and an input and output device.
  • the processor is mainly used for processing communication protocols and communication data, and controlling terminals, executing software programs, processing data of software programs, and the like.
  • Memory is primarily used to store software programs and data.
  • the RF circuit is mainly used for the conversion of the baseband signal and the RF signal and the processing of the RF signal.
  • the antenna is mainly used to transmit and receive RF signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, etc., are primarily used to receive user input data and output data to the user. It should be noted that some types of terminals may not have input and output devices.
  • the processor When the data needs to be sent, the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal, and then sends the radio frequency signal to the outside through the antenna in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor, which converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device or the like.
  • the memory may be independent of the processor, or may be integrated with the processor, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna and the radio frequency circuit having the transceiving function can be regarded as the transceiving unit of the terminal device, and the processor having the processing function is regarded as the processing unit of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device includes a transceiver unit 701 and a processing unit 702.
  • the transceiver unit 701 can also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiver, and the like.
  • Processing unit 702 may also be referred to as a processor, processing a board, processing module, processing device, or the like.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 701 can be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device for implementing the sending function in the transceiver unit 701 is regarded as a sending unit, that is, the transceiver unit 701 includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the transceiver unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit.
  • the receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, a receiver, or a receiving circuit or the like.
  • the transmitting unit may also be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, and the like.
  • the communication device shown in FIG. 7 can perform the steps performed by the terminal device in FIGS. 4 and 5 described above.
  • the processing unit 702 may perform the steps or functions of generating the message 3, determining the sending manner of the message 3, selecting the received message 4, etc. according to the indication in the message 2 in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5; the transceiver unit 701 performs FIG. 4 or FIG. 5.
  • the middle terminal device sends a random access message 1 and message 3, and a step of receiving the random access message 2 and message 4.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, or an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention contributes in essence or to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

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Abstract

一种通信方法和通信设备，通过至少两个接收波束接收至少两个随机接入第一消息，当所述至少两个接收波束所对应的时间提前量TA的差值大于预设阈值时，发送一个包括第一TA的随机接入第二消息；当所述至少两个接收波束所对应的TA的差值小于所述预设阈值时，发送一个包括第二TA的随机接入第二消息。通过对多个终端设备发送的随机接入第一消息只发送一个随机接入第二消息，能够避免发送多个随机接入第二消息所造成的时频资源的浪费，随机接入的延迟低，提高时频资源的利用并提高随机接入的效率。

Description

通信方法和通信设备 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种无线通信系统中通信的方法和通信设备。
背景技术
在新的通信系统中，往往会使用高频(例如频率大于6GHz)进行通信。在高频率下，无线信号的路径衰落很高，导致无线信号的传输距离很短。为了实现无线信号的有效覆盖，通常会采用波束赋形技术来进行信息的发送。波束赋形是一种基于天线阵列的信号处理技术，通过处理将信号能量集中向一个方向发送，从而提高了信号在这个方向的传输距离。
在波束赋形技术中，可以用波束来代表信号发送或接收的方向或范围。波束分为发送波束和接收波束。发送波束表征发送端发送的信号的方向和范围，而接收波束表征接收端能收到的信号的方向和范围。只有发送波束和接收波束对齐时，信号才能被成功接收。
当基站通过波束扫描接收终端设备发送的随机接入消息时，可能会从多个接收波束接收到多个相同的随机接入消息。在这种情况下，基站发送多个随机接入的响应消息会造成对时频资源的占用和消耗。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法、设备和相关产品，以减少因发送多个随机接入响应消息对时频资源的占用和消耗。
一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，包括：
通过至少两个接收波束接收至少两个随机接入第一消息，所述至少两个随机接入第一消息是由至少一个终端设备发送的；
当所述至少两个接收波束中的任意两个接收波束对应的时间提前量(Timing Advance，TA)的差值大于预设阈值时，从所述至少两个接收波束中选择一个接收波束对应的TA作为第一TA，发送一个包括所述第一TA的随机接入第二消息；
当所述至少两个接收波束中的任意两个接收波束对应的TA的差值小于所述预设阈值时，确定第二TA，发送一个包括所述第二TA的随机接入第二消息，所述第二TA是根据所述至少两个接收波束中每个接收波束对应的TA按照预设规则得到的。
通过上述方法，通过只发送一个随机接入第二消息，能够避免发送多个随机接入第二消息所造成的时频资源的浪费，随机接入的延迟低，提高了时频资源的利用率和随机接入的效率。
可选的，上述方法可以由基站接收所述至少两个随机接入第一消息，并发送一个包括所述第一TA的随机接入第二消息或一个包括所述第二TA的随机接入第二消息。
可选的，所述第一TA可以是所述至少两个接收波束中信号强度最强的接收波束对应的TA。选择信号强度最强的接收波束，能够保证后续收发消息时的成功率，进而提高随机接 入的成功率，随机接入的可靠性高。
可选的，选择信号最强的接收波束，可以通过测量各个接收波束上收到的信号的能量强度，例如参考信号平均能量强度，来判断哪个接收波束的信号强度最高。
可选的，发送所述随机接入第二消息时使用的发送波束，可以是所述至少一个终端设备发送所述随机接入第一消息所使用的时频资源对应的发送波束。即发送所述随机接入第二消息时使用的发送波束，可以是与所述至少一个终端设备发送所述随机接入第一消息所使用的时频资源有关联关系的发送波束。
可选的，所述预设规则包括但不限于下述方式之一：
将所述至少两个接收波束中每个接收波束对应的TA的值的平均值或与平均值接近的值，作为所述第二TA的值；
将所述至少两个接收波束中每个接收波束对应的TA中值最大的TA作为所述第二TA；
将所述至少两个接收波束中每个接收波束对应的TA中值最小的TA作为所述第二TA；
将所述至少两个接收波束中信号强度最强的接收波束对应的TA作为所述第二TA。
可选的，本申请实施例中，随机接入第一消息可以是终端设备在随机接入过程中向基站发送的消息1，随机接入第二消息可以是基站在随机接入过程中向终端设备发送的消息2，随机接入第三消息可以是终端设备在随机接入过程中向基站发送的消息3，随机接入第四消息可以是基站在随机接入过程中向终端设备发送的消息4。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述至少两个接收波束中的任意两个接收波束对应的TA的差值小于所述预设阈值时，所述随机接入第二消息还包括指示终端设备发送随机接入第三消息次数的信息；
其中，所述随机接入第二消息中指示终端设备发送随机接入第三消息的次数与所述至少两个接收波束的波束数量相同。
可选的，可以在所述随机接入第二消息中增加一个字段或复用已有的字段以指示终端设备发送随机接入第三消息次数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述随机接入第二消息还包括指示终端设备每次发送随机接入第三消息时所使用的时频资源的信息。
可选的，所述随机接入第二消息中包括的指示终端设备每次发送随机接入第三消息时所使用的时频资源，是与所述至少两个接收波束存在关联关系的时频资源。即通过所述至少两个接收波束，能够接收到所述至少一个终端设备按照指示的时频资源发送的随机接入第三消息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述随机接入第二消息中包括的指示终端设备发送随机接入第三消息所使用的时频资源位于多个传输时间间隔(Transmission Time Interval，TTI)上。
可选的，所述随机接入第二消息中指示的所述终端设备发送随机接入第三消息所使用的时频资源位于连续的多个TTI上。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
分别通过所述至少两个接收波束中的每个接收波束，接收所述至少一个终端设备发送的随机接入第三消息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
当所述至少一个随机接入第一消息是由至少两个终端设备发送时，向所述至少两个终端设备中的每个终端设备发送随机接入第四消息，所述随机接入第四消息包括TA字段和临时小区无线网络临时标识(Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier，C-RNTI)字段。
可选的，通过所述终端设备的标识(identity，ID)判断接收到的随机接入第三消息是一个终端设备发送的还是两个以上的终端设备发送的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当发送给终端设备的随机接入第四消息中TA需要修正时，将修正的TA通过所述随机接入第四消息发送给所述终端设备；
当发送给终端设备的随机接入第四消息中C-RNTI需要修正时，将修正的C-RNTI通过所述随机接入第四消息发送给所述终端设备。在一种可能的实现方式中，所述随机接入第四消息中的TA是相对于所述随机接入第二消息中的TA修正后的TA；和/或，
所述随机接入第四消息中的C-RNTI是相对于所述随机接入第二消息中的C-RNTI修正后的C-RNTI。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述至少两个接收波束中的任意两个接收波束对应的TA的差值大于预设阈值时，从所述第一TA对应的接收波束接收随机接入第三消息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通过发送波束发送包括所述第一TA的随机接入第二消息或包括所述第二TA的随机接入第二消息；所述发送波束是与所述至少两个随机接入第一消息被发送时所使用的时频资源对应的发送波束。
在一种可能的实现方式中，
所述至少两个接收波束在一个发送波束的覆盖范围内，且所述至少两个随机接入第一消息中包含相同的随机接入前导码。
这样，通过上述方法，还解决了多个终端设备使用相同的时频资源和前导码发送随机接入第一消息时造成的随机接入冲突的问题。
另一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，包括：
接收基站发送的随机接入第二消息，所述随机接入第二消息包括指示发送随机接入第三消息的次数和每次发送随机接入第三消息的时频资源；
根据所述发送随机接入第三消息的次数和每次发送随机接入第三消息的时频资源，发送随机接入第三消息。
通过上述方法，接收到的随机接入第二消息中包括发送随机接入第三消息的次数和每次发送所述随机接入第三消息的时频资源，使得接收多个随机接入第二消息所造成的时频资源的浪费，还能够提高随机接入的效率。可选的，上述方法是终端设备接收基站发送的随机接入第二消息，并发送随机接入第三消息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述每次发送所述随机接入第三消息的时频资源位于多个TTI上。
可选的，所述每次发送所述随机接入第三消息的时频资源位于连续的多个TTI上。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
接收所述基站发送的随机接入第四消息，判断所述随机接入第四消息中携带的终端设备的标识是否与自身标识相同；
当所述随机接入第四消息中携带的终端设备的标识与自身标识相同时，接收所述随机 接入第四消息；
当所述随机接入第四消息中携带的终端设备的标识与自身标识不同时，抛弃接收到的所述随机接入第四消息，直到接收到的随机接入第四消息中携带的终端设备的标识是否与自身标识相同或竞争解决计时器超时。
这样，当终端设备接收到的随机接入第四消息中的标识与自身的标识不同时，不接收或抛弃该随机接入第四消息，并继续接收基站发送的随机接入第四消息，直到接收到包含自身标识的随机接入第四消息或直到竞争解决计时器超时。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述随机接入第四消息中携带的终端设备的标识与自身标识相同时
如果所述随机接入第四消息中包括的TA不是预设的特定值，则根据所述随机接入第四消息中包括的TA修正已经获取的TA；
如果所述随机接入第四消息中包括的C-RNTI不是预设的特定值，根据所述随机接入第四消息中包括的C-RNTI修正已经获取的C-RNTI。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在所述基站的一个发送波束的覆盖范围内，向所述基站发送随机接入第一消息；
所述发送波束的覆盖范围内还包括其它终端设备，所述随机接入第一消息中的随机接入前导码与所述其它终端设备发送的随机接入第一消息中的随机接入前导码相同。
可选的，本申请实施例中，随机接入第一消息可以是终端设备在随机接入过程中向基站发送的消息1，随机接入第二消息可以是基站在随机接入过程中向终端设备发送的消息2，随机接入第三消息可以是终端设备在随机接入过程中向基站发送的消息3，随机接入第四消息可以是基站在随机接入过程中向终端设备发送的消息4。
本申请是实施例还提供了一种通信设备，包括存储器，处理器以及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述程序时使得所述通信设备实现上述方法所执行的步骤。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读介质，用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被运行时，使得上述方面所述的方法被执行。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行的上述任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的基站的发送波束与终端设备的接收波束第一种实现场景的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的基站的发送波束与终端设备的接收波束第二种实现场景的示意图；
图3(a)为本申请实施例提供的基站的发送波束与终端设备的接收波束第三种实现场景的一种示意图；
图3(b)为本申请实施例提供的基站的发送波束与终端设备的接收波束第三种实现场景的另一示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法实现的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法实现的流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的基站的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的终端设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明的实施例进行描述。
首选，对本申请中涉及的部分术语及相关技术进行解释说明，以方便理解：
1)终端设备
本申请中的终端设备是一种具有无限通信功能的设备，可以是具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备等。在不同的网络中终端设备可以叫做不同的名称，例如：用户设备、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(Session Initiation Protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(Wireless Local Loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、5G网络或未来演进网络中的终端设备等。
2)基站
本申请中的基站也可以称为基站设备，是一种部署在无线接入网用以提供无线通信功能的设备，可以是全球移动通讯(Global System of Mobile communication，简称GSM)或码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，简称CDMA)中的基站(Base Transceiver Station，简称BTS)，也可以是宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，简称WCDMA)中的基站(NodeB，简称NB)，还可以是长期演进(Long Term Evolution，简称LTE)中的演进型基站(Evolutional Node B，简称eNB或eNodeB)，或者中继站或接入点，NR系统中的传输节点或收发点(transmission reception point，TRP或者TP)或者下一代节点B(generation nodeB，gNB)，无线保真(Wireless-Fidelity，Wi-Fi)的站点、无线回传节点、小站、微站，或者未来第五代移动通信(the 5th Generation Mobile Communication，5G)网络中的基站等，本申请在此并不限定。
3)随机接入过程；
终端设备随机接入基站的过程主要包括：
1，终端设备向基站发送随机接入消息1，消息1中包括随机接入前导码；
2，基站向终端设备发送随机接入的响应消息，即消息2，用于分配传输消息3的上行时频资源和接收消息4的C-RNTI；
3，终端设备向基站发送消息3，所述消息3中可以携带无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)连接请求和逻辑信道的缓存状态报告(Buffer Size Report,BSR)；
4，基站向终端设备发送消息4，终端设备通过所述C-RNTI接收消息4。
随机接入分为竞争性随机接入和非竞争性随机接入。在基于竞争的随机接入方式中，对于终端设备而言，随机接入信道(random access channel，RACH)是一个资源池可供选择，不同的终端设备可以使用相同的RACH，从而造成资源竞争的产生。
4)时间提前量TA
TA是终端设备发送上行信号时需要提前的时间，即终端设备向基站发送信号时需要提前的时间。每个终端设备根据其与基站的距离，采用对应的TA发送信号，才能保证所有终端设备的信号同时到达基站。终端设备需要采用正确的TA才能成功发送信号给基站。在随机接入过程中，TA是基站通过接收消息1时测量出来的，并通过消息2发送给终端设备，终端设备用获取到的TA发送后续的消息。基站从多个接收波束接收到终端设备发送的消息1，可以测出每个消息1对应的TA。
5)波束
波束(beam)可以理解为空间资源，可以指具有能量传输指向性的发送或接收预编码向量。并且，该发送或接收预编码向量能够通过索引信息进行标识。其中，所述能量传输指向性可以指在一定空间位置内，接收经过该预编码向量进行预编码处理后的信号具有较好的接收功率，如满足接收解调信噪比等；所述能量传输指向性也可以指通过该预编码向量接收来自不同空间位置发送的相同信号具有不同的接收功率。
可选地，同一通信设备(比如终端设备或网络设备)可以有不同的预编码向量，不同的设备也可以有不同的预编码向量，即对应不同的波束。针对通信设备的配置或者能力，一个通信设备在同一时刻可以使用多个不同的预编码向量中的一个或者多个，即同时可以形成一个或多个波束。波束的信息可以通过索引信息进行标识。可选地，所述索引信息可以对应配置UE的资源标识，比如，所述索引信息可以对应配置的信道状态信息参考信号(Channel status information Reference Signal，CSI-RS)的ID或者资源，也可以对应配置的上行探测参考信号(Sounding Reference Signal，SRS)的ID或者资源。或者，可选地，所述索引信息也可以是通过波束承载的信号或信道显示或隐式承载的索引信息，比如，所述索引信息可以是通过波束发送的同步信号或者广播信道指示该波束的索引信息。
beam pair可以包括发送端的发送波束和接收端的接收波束，或者，也称作上行波束或下行波束。比如，beam pair可以包括gNB Tx beam传输波束或UE Rx beam接收波束，或者，UE Tx beam传输波束或gNB Rx beam接收波束，其中，传输波束还可以理解为发送波束。
6)通信资源
在本申请中，通信资源也可以简称为资源。通信资源可用于传输信号。通信资源具有多种类型。例如：从物理特性的角度，通信资源的类型可以是空间资源，时域资源，和频域资源。例如：从不同的表现形式的角度，通信资源的类型可以是波束，端口等。不同种类的通信资源的集合也是一种通信资源。例如：时频资源(包括时域资源和频域资源)是一种通信资源，波束和端口的组合也是一种通信资源。
7)其他术语
本文中的术语“多个”是指两个或两个以上。
本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中的术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征 可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
图1为基站的发送波束和终端设备的接收波束的一种实现场景的示意图。如图1所示，图中一个椭圆代表一个波束，当基站向终端设备发送信息时，只有处于中间的发送波束的信号可以到达终端设备，终端设备也只能从中间的接收波束上接收信号。其他波束都无法接收信号。因此，基站要向终端设备发送信息，就需要先进行波束匹配，确定正确的基站的发送波束和终端设备的接收波束。同样的，终端设备向基站发送信息时也需要进行波束匹配。然而，在终端设备刚接入小区时，其与基站的发送波束和接收波束还未匹配。这时，要进行信息的发送与接收，就需要先进行波束扫描。例如，基站在接收随机接入过程中的消息1时，需要使用多个接收波束去分别接收消息1，才能收到消息1并确定正确的接收波束。
并且，在终端设备初始接入过程中，为了实现较好的覆盖，基站可以使用较高的发射功率，从而使得基站的发送波束的角度较宽。然而，对于终端设备而言，由于其能量受限，其无法使用太高的功率，导致终端设备的发送波束往往较窄。基站为了获得较高的接收增益，也会使用相应较窄的接收波束去接收。这就导致基站从较宽的波束发送信号，却从较窄的波束接收信号的情景，例如图2所示的场景。图2中，基站的发送波束宽，接收波束窄，一个发送波束覆盖了两个接收波束的范围。
此外，终端设备在随机接入之前，可以通过接收同步信号的方式确定基站的发送波束。即终端设备可以确定基站的哪个发送波束是对准自己的，并将确定的基站的发送波束通过随机接入过程中的消息1通知基站。终端设备通知的方法是基于基站的发送波束与终端设备发送的消息1所采用的时频资源的关联关系。即基站接收终端设备发送的消息1时，测得该终端设备发送消息1时使用的时频资源，根据时频资源与发送波束的对应关系，基站可以获知它的哪个发送波束是对准该终端设备的。采用这种技术会导致，基站的同一发送波束覆盖范围内的终端设备，都会采用同一时频资源来发送消息1。如果多个终端设备又刚好使用了同一前导码(在基于竞争的随机接入过程中，消息1发送的前导码是终端设备自己选择的)，基站无法区分这些消息1是来自于同一个终端设备还是多个终端设备，因为前导码和时频资源都一样。
因此，当基站采用波束扫描接收消息1，从多个接收波束收到相同的消息1(消息1中有相同的时频资源和前导码)时，基站无法确定这些消息1是来自于同一个终端设备还是多个终端设备。如图3(a)所示，基站通过接收波束1和接收波束2接收到的是同一个终端设备(终端设备1)发送的消息1。如图3(b)所示，基站通过接收波束1和接收波束2接收到的是不同终端设备(终端设备2和终端设备3)发送的消息1。在这两种情况下，如果终端设备又刚好使用了同一前导码，基站是无法区分这些消息1是来自于同一个终端设备还是多个终端设备。
在这种情况下，通常的做法是基站发送多个消息2。基站发送多个消息2会占用一定的时频资源，造成时频资源的占用和消耗。
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法和设备，以减少随机接入过程中因发送多个消息2对时频资源的占用和消耗。
下面以终端设备1和终端设备2位于基站的一个发送波束的覆盖范围内，基站通过接收波束1接收终端设备1发送的消息，通过接收波束2接收终端设备2发送的消息；且终 端设备1和终端设备2使用相同的前导码发起随机接入为例进行说明。可以理解，对于三个以上的终端设备在基站的一个发送波束内进行随机接入时的实现方式，可以参照本申请实施例两个终端设备在基站的一个发送波束内进行随机接入时的实现方式来实现，不再赘述。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法实现的流程示意图。如图4所示，所述方法包括：
步骤101：终端设备1和终端设备2分别向基站发送随机接入的消息1，基站分别接收终端设备1和终端设备2发送的消息1；
具体的，基站通过接收波束1接收终端设备1发送的随机接入的消息1，基站通过接收波束2接收终端设备2发送的随机接入的消息1。
步骤102：基站测量接收每个消息1时所使用的接收波束所对应的TA，并判断测量得到的多个TA中任意两个TA的差值；
如果测得的任意两个TA的差值大于预设的阈值，则执行图4中的步骤103A-步骤106A；如果测得的任意两个TA的差值小于预设的阈值，则执行图5中的步骤103B-步骤106B。
本实施例是以两个终端设备为例进行说明，例如终端设备1通过基站的接收波束1发送消息1，则基站测量接收波束1对应的TA，即终端设备1发送消息1时的TA为TA1；终端设备2通过基站的接收波束2发送消息1，则基站测量接收波束2对应的TA，即终端设备2发送消息1时的TA为TA2。基站比较TA1与TA2的差值是否大于预设的阈值。
步骤103A：当测得的多个TA中任意两个TA的差值大于预设的阈值时，基站从所述多个TA中选择一个TA作为第一TA，发送一个随机接入的消息2，所述消息2中包括所述第一TA；
当测量得到TA1与TA2大于预设的阈值时，说明终端设备1和终端设备2与基站的距离的差距较大。这种情况下，基站发送的一个消息2，且所述消息2中只包括一个TA，即所述第一TA。因为只发送一个随机接入的消息2，不用发送两个不同的消息2，减少了随机接入过程中因发送多个随机接入的消息2造成的时频资源的占用和消耗。可以理解，当终端设备的数量为3个以上时，能够减少的时频资源会更多。
可选的，基站选择TA时，可以选择信号强度最强的接收波束对应的TA作为所述第一TA。例如，接收波束1和接收波束2中，接收波束1的信号强度最强，则将终端设备1发送消息1时的TA1作为所述第一TA。选择信号强度最强的接收波束，能够保证后续收发消息时的成功率，进而提高随机接入的成功率，随机接入的可靠性高。
可选的，基站选择信号最强的接收波束，可以通过测量各个接收波束上收到的信号的能量强度，例如参考信号平均能量强度，来判断哪个接收波束的信号强度最高。所述参考信号包括但不限于：解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)或SRS等。
具体实现时，基站发送消息2时使用的发送波束，是终端设备发送消息1所使用的时频资源对应的发送波束。由于终端设备1和终端设备2位于基站的一个发送波束的覆盖范围内，基站发送的消息2，终端设备1和终端设备2都能够接收到。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的阈值可以基于具体的场景进行不同的设置，本申请实施例不限定具体的阈值。只要能够有效的区分不同的终端设备并满足随机接入的条件，都可以作为本申请实施例中所述的阈值。
步骤104A：终端设备1和终端设备2在接收到所述消息2后，分别向基站发送消息3；
终端设备1和终端设备2在发送消息3时，会携带从所述消息2中获取的所述第一TA。例如，终端设备1向基站发送的消息3中包括所述第一TA，终端设备2向基站发送的消息3中也包括所述第一TA。这时，终端设备1和终端设备2发送的消息3中携带的TA是相同的，都是所述第一TA。
步骤105A：基站通过所述第一TA所对应的接收波束接收消息3；
例如，基站选择接收波束1对应的TA作为所述第一TA则终端设备1发送的消息3能够被成功接收，终端设备2发送的消息3不会被接收。终端设备2在此次随机接入过程中接入失败，可以随机回退一段时间后重新发送随机接入的消息1。
这样，只有TA与所述第一TA相同的终端设备才能成功发送随机接入的消息3，能够限定一个终端设备的随机接入，解决了终端设备1和终端设备2同时使用相同的前导码发起随机接入造成的冲突的问题。
步骤106A：基站向终端设备发送随机接入的消息4。
基站可以基于接收到的随机接入的消息3，向终端设备1发送随机接入的消息4。
如果在步骤102中，基站测得的多个TA中任意两个TA的差值小于预设的阈值，则本申请实施例提供的方法如图5所示。图5中，在执行步骤101和步骤102之后，所述方法还包括：
步骤103B：当测得的多个TA中任意两个TA的差值小于预设的阈值时，基站确定第二TA，并发送一个随机接入的消息2；所述消息2中包括所述第二TA和指示终端设备发送消息3的次数的信息。
其中，所述第二TA可以是基站按照预设规则，对接收波束1对应的TA1和接收波束2对应的TA2按照预设规则得到的。所述预设规则包括但不限于：取TA1和TA2的平均值或与平均值接近的值、取TA1和TA2中最大值的TA、取TA1和TA2中最小值的TA或信号强度最大的接收波束对应的TA。
可选的，所述第二TA的值也可以是其它能够代表多个TA的值，这样每个终端设备从消息2中接收到所述第二TA后，都能够向基站发送消息3并能够发送成功。
具体的，基站在发送消息2时，是使用终端设备发送消息1时的时频资源所对应的发送波束发送所述消息2。由于终端设备1和终端设备2位于基站的一个发送波束的覆盖范围内，终端设备1发送消息1时的时频资源对应的基站的发送波束与终端设备2发送消息1时的时频资源对应的基站的发送波束相同。因此，终端设备1和终端设备2都能够接收到基站发送的同一个消息2。
可选的，基站指示终端设备发送消息3的次数，可以根据基站接收消息1时所使用的接收波束的数量来确定。例如，基站指示终端设备发送消息3的次数与基站接收消息1时所使用的接收波束的数量相同。本实施例中，基站分别通过两个不同的接收波束(接收波束1和接收波束2)接收终端设备1和终端设备2发送的消息1，则在消息2中指示终端设备发送消息3的次数为2次。可以理解，当基站通过N个接收波束接收N个或M个终端设备发送的消息1时，基站在消息2中指示终端设备发送消息3的次数为N次。其中，N和M为大于0的整数，且M大于或等于N。
可选的，基站指示终端设备发送消息3的次数，可以在所述消息2中通过新增一个字 段来指示，也可以复用消息2中已有的字段来指示，本申请实施例不限定基站指示的方式。例如，在LTE中，消息2包括的字段有：重传消息1的随机回退参数字段(用于计算随机回退时间)、消息1采用的随机序列ID字段(用于终端设备辨识该消息2是响应的哪个消息1)、TA字段、用于发送消息3的上行资源调度(UL-grant)字段和用于接收消息4的C-RNTI的字段。基站可以在消息2中再增加一个字段来指示终端设备发送消息3的次数，也可以复用重传消息1的随机回退参数字段、消息1采用的随机序列ID字段、TA字段、UL-grant字段和C-RNTI字段中的任何一个来指示终端设备发送消息3的次数。
可选的，所述消息2中还可以包括指示终端设备每次发送消息3时使用的时频资源的信息。基站在消息2中指示了终端设备发送消息3的次数，是为了能够接收到所有终端设备发送的消息3。为了保证所有终端设备都能够成功发送消息3，可以指示终端设备每次发送消息3时所使用的时频资源。
具体的，所述消息2中包括的指示终端设备每次发送消息3时所使用的时频资源，是与接收消息1时使用的接收波束有管理关系的时频资源。例如，本实施例中，所述消息2中包括的指示终端设备每次发送消息3时所使用的时频资源，是与接收波束1和接收波束2中的一个有关联关系的时频资源。即终端设备根据所述消息2中指示的每次发送消息3时使用的时频资源发送消息3时，基站能够通过接收波束1或接收波束2接收到。
基站指示终端设备每次发送消息3时所使用的时频资源可以不同。可选的，基站指示终端设备每次发送消息3时所使用的时频资源可以是连续TTI上的时频资源。
步骤104B：终端设备1和终端设备2在接收到所述同一个消息2后，分别向基站发送消息3；
终端设备1和终端设备2分别按照所述消息2中指示的发送消息3的次数发送消息3。例如，所述消息2中指示发送消息3的次数是2次，则终端设备1发送两次消息3，终端设备2也发送两次消息3。
可选的，当基站发送的消息2中还包括指示终端设备每次发送消息3时所使用的时频资源的信息时，终端设备1和终端设备2分别按照消息2的指示，在指示的各次发送消息3的时频资源上发送消息3。
例如，终端设备1对应基站的接收波束1，终端设备2对应基站的接收波束2。基站在发送的消息2中指示发送两次消息3，并在连续的两个TTI上发送消息3。则在第一个TTI上，终端设备1和终端设备2分别发送一次消息3；在第二个TTI上，终端设备1和终端设备2分别发送一次消息3。
并且，终端设备在发送消息3时，还会携带从消息2中获取的所述第二TA。例如，终端设备1向基站发送的消息3中包括所述消息2中携带的所述第二TA，终端设备2向基站发送的消息3中也包括所述消息2中携带的所述第二TA。
步骤105B：基站接收终端设备1和终端设备2发送的消息3；
可选的，当基站发送的消息2中还包括指示终端设备每次发送消息3时使用的时频资源的信息时，基站在各个对应的时频资源上接收消息3。
例如，终端设备1对应基站的接收波束1，终端设备2对应基站接收波束2；基站发送的消息2中指示在连续的两个TTI上的发送消息3，终端设备1和终端设备2分别在连续的两个TTI上发送消息3。则在第一个TTI上，基站通过接收波束1可以接收到终端设备1 发送的消息3。在第二个TTI上，基站可以通过接收波束2收到终端设备2发送的消息3。
这样，通过两个接收波束，基站可以收到终端设备1和终端设备2发送的消息3。能够解决基站无法同时从不同的接收波束接收多个终端设备发送的消息3的问题。基站可以通过时分的方式，接收到所有终端设备发送的消息3。
步骤106B：基站向终端设备发送消息4。
具体的，基站可以通过接收到的消息3判断这些消息3是来自于一个终端设备还是多个终端设备。例如，基站可以根据接收到的消息3中携带的终端设备的ID，判断是一个终端设备发送的消息3还是多个终端设备发送的消息3。
如果接收到的消息3来自于一个终端设备，则基站只发送一个消息4。
如果接收到的消息3来自于多个终端设备，则需要给每个终端设备都发送一个消息4。例如基站可以在不同的时间，分别发送不同的消息4。每个终端设备在接收到消息4后判断接收到的消息4中包含的ID是否与自己的ID相同。如果相同则接收该消息4，如果不同则抛弃该消息4，并继续侦听控制信道以接收消息4。直至接收到的消息4中包含的ID是否与自己的ID相同，说明接收到的消息4是发送给自己的，则不再继续接收消息4；或者随机接入竞争计时器超时，接收消息4失败，不再接收消息4。
由于在步骤103B中，基站只发送了一个消息2，所述消息2中包括一个TA(所述第二TA)，导致部分终端设备或所有的终端设备虽然成功发送了消息3，但是其发送的消息3中的TA值不完全正确，因此基站需要通过消息4给TA不正确的终端设备发送正确的TA。同时，基站在所述消息2中只指定了一个临时C-RNTI，而各个终端设备需要在随机接入结束后拥有小区中唯一的C-RNTI。所以，只有一个终端设备可以继续使用该临时C-RNTI作为正式的C-RNTI，其余终端设备均需要重新被指定C-RNTI。因此，基站需要在发送的消息4中携带修正的C-RNTI。
为了使每个终端设备都能够成功完成随机接入，基站在发送的消息4中需要携带修正的TA和C-RNTI，例如可以通过两个字段携带修正的TA和C-RNTI。
可选的，基站可以在消息4中新增两个字段来携带修正的TA和C-RNTI，也可以直接修改已有的TA和C-RNTI字段为修正后的TA和C-RNTI，还可以复用已有的字段携带修正的TA和C-RNTI。
下面以基站在消息4中增加两个字段携带修正的TA和C-RNTI为例，对基站通过消息4向终端设备发送修正的TA和C-RNTI进行说明。
关于TA的修正：基站先判断接收消息3时测得的TA是否与该消息3中携带的TA相同。终端设备在消息3中携带的TA是所述第二TA，基站接收消息3时测得的TA是每个终端设备发送消息3时具体的TA。如果两者不同，就需要修正TA。即基站将接收消息3时测得的TA的值作为该终端设备的修正的TA的值，并在消息4中增加一个字段，该字段用于记录所述修正的TA的值。
关于C-RNTI的修正：当基站确定有多个终端设备在进行随机接入时，只有一个终端设备可以继续使用该临时C-RNTI，不需要修正C-RNTI；对于其它终端设备，基站发送的消息4中携带修正的C-RNTI，以保证每个终端设备都有一个唯一的C-RNTI。
每个终端设备收到基站发送的消息4后，先根据消息4中携带的ID判断是否与自己的ID相同。如果相同，则确认该消息4是发送给自己的，则读取消息4中新增的TA字段和 C-RNTI字段。
可选的，如果终端设备从TA字段或C-RNTI字段读取的值是特定的值(例如是全0)，则表示不需要修正TA或C-RNTI，终端设备可以继续使用接收到的消息2中携带的TA或C-RNTI。如果终端设备从TA字段或C-RNTI字段读取的值不是特定的值，终端设备获取这两个字段的内容，并对更新其TA和C-RNTI。
这样，基站通过只发送一个消息2，可以实现多个终端设备同时随机接入，能够避免发送多个消息2所造成的时频资源的浪费，并解决了多个终端设备使用相同的时频资源和前导码发送消息1时造成的随机接入冲突的问题。
上述实施例以两个终端设备发起的随机接入为例进行说明的。当有3个以上的终端设备在基站的一个发送波束的覆盖范围内，且使用相同的随机接入前导码发送消息1时，可能会存在3个以上不同的TA。例如，基站测量后有5个不同的TA，其中两个TA的差值大于预设的阈值，三个TA的差值小于预设的阈值。在这种情况下，基站可以对差值大于预设阈值的TA所对应的终端设备参照上述步骤103A-步骤106A的实现方式来实现；对差值小于预设阈值的TA所对应的终端设备参照上述步骤103B-步骤106B的实现方式来实现。不再赘述。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，各个网元，例如基站或者终端设备，为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的方法或步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对基站或者终端设备进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。下面以采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块为例进行说明。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信设备600。该通信设备600可以是基站。图6示出了一种简化的基站结构示意图。基站包括601部分以及602部分。601部分主要用于射频信号的收发以及射频信号与基带信号的转换；602部分主要用于基带处理，对基站进行控制等。
601中的射频单元主要用于进行射频处理。可选的，可以将601部分中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即601部分包括接收单元和发送单元。接收单元也可以称为接收机、接收器、或接收电路等，发送单元可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。
602部分可以包括一个或多个单板，每个单板可以包括一个或多个处理器，以及一个或多个存储器，处理器用于读取和执行存储器中的程序以实现基带处理功能以及对基站的控制。若存在多个单板，各个单板之间可以互联以增加处理能力。作为一种可选的实施方式，也可以是多个单板共用一个或多个处理器，或者是多个单板共用一个或多个存储器，或者 是多个单板同时共用一个或多个处理器。
601部分通常可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路、或者收发器等。602部分通常是基站的控制中心，通常可以称为处理单元，用于控制基站执行上述图4和图5中关于基站所执行的步骤。例如，602部分可以执行图4或图5中基站判断TA的差值、选择TA、确定指示终端设备发送消息3的次数、时频资源、确定发送给终端设备的消息4是否需要修正等步骤或功能；601部分可以执行图4或图5中基站接收终端设备发送随机接入的消息1和消息3等步骤或功能，以及向终端设备发送随机接入的消息2和消息4等步骤或功能。具体可参见上述相关部分的描述，不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信设备700，该通信设备700可以是终端设备。图7示出了一种简化的终端设备的结构示意图。便于理解和图示方便，图7中，终端设备以手机为例进行说明。如图7所示，终端包括处理器、存储器、射频电路、天线以及输入输出装置。处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对终端进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据等。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据。射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。需要说明的是，有些种类的终端可以不具有输入输出装置。
当需要发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到终端时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。为便于说明，图7中仅示出了一个存储器和处理器。在实际的终端产品中，可以存在一个或多个处理器，以及一个或多个存储器。存储器也可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等。存储器可以是独立于处理器设置，也可以是与处理器集成在一起，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
在本申请实施例中，可以将具有收发功能的天线和射频电路视为终端设备的收发单元，将具有处理功能的处理器视为终端设备的处理单元。如图7所示，终端设备包括收发单元701和处理单元702。收发单元701也可以称为收发器、收发机、收发装置等。处理单元702也可以称为处理器，处理单板，处理模块、处理装置等。可选的，可以将收发单元701中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将收发单元701中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即收发单元701包括接收单元和发送单元。收发单元有时也可以称为收发机、收发器、或收发电路等。接收单元有时也可以称为接收机、接收器、或接收电路等。发送单元有时也可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。
图7中所示的通信设备可以执行上述图4和图5中关于终端设备所执行的步骤。例如，处理单元702可以执行图4或图5中终端设备根据消息2中的指示生成消息3、确定消息3的发送方式、选择接收消息4等步骤或功能；收发单元701执行图4或图5中终端设备发送随机接入的消息1和消息3，以及接收随机接入的消息2和消息4的步骤。具体可参见上述相关部分的描述，不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些 功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本发明实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于：
    通过至少两个接收波束接收至少两个随机接入第一消息，所述至少两个随机接入第一消息是由至少一个终端设备发送的；
    当所述至少两个接收波束中的任意两个接收波束对应的时间提前量TA的差值大于预设阈值时，从所述至少两个接收波束中选择一个接收波束对应的TA作为第一TA，发送一个包括所述第一TA的随机接入第二消息；
    当所述至少两个接收波束中的任意两个接收波束对应的TA的差值小于所述预设阈值时，确定第二TA，发送一个包括所述第二TA的随机接入第二消息，所述第二TA是根据所述至少两个接收波束中每个接收波束对应的TA按照预设规则得到的。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：
    当所述至少两个接收波束中的任意两个接收波束对应的TA的差值小于所述预设阈值时，所述随机接入第二消息还包括指示终端设备发送随机接入第三消息次数的信息；
    其中，所述随机接入第二消息中指示终端设备发送随机接入第三消息的次数与所述至少两个接收波束的波束数量相同。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述随机接入第二消息还包括指示终端设备每次发送随机接入第三消息时所使用的时频资源的信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述随机接入第二消息中包括的指示终端设备发送随机接入第三消息所使用的时频资源位于多个传输时间间隔TTI上。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4所述的任一方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    分别通过所述至少两个接收波束中的每个接收波束，接收所述至少一个终端设备发送的随机接入第三消息。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5所述的任一方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述至少一个随机接入第一消息是由至少两个终端设备发送时，向所述至少两个终端设备中的每个终端设备发送随机接入第四消息，所述随机接入第四消息包括TA字段和临时小区无线网络临时标识C-RNTI字段。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于：
    所述随机接入第四消息中的TA是相对于所述随机接入第二消息中的TA修正后的TA；和/或，
    所述随机接入第四消息中的C-RNTI是相对于所述随机接入第二消息中的C-RNTI修正后的C-RNTI。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：
    当所述至少两个接收波束中的任意两个接收波束对应的TA的差值大于预设阈值时，从所述第一TA对应的接收波束接收随机接入第三消息。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8所述的任一方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    通过发送波束发送包括所述第一TA的随机接入第二消息或包括所述第二TA的随机接 入第二消息；
    所述发送波束是与所述至少两个随机接入第一消息被发送时所使用的时频资源对应的发送波束。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9所述的任一方法，其特征在于：所述至少两个接收波束在一个发送波束的覆盖范围内，且所述至少两个随机接入第一消息中包含相同的随机接入前导码。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于：
    接收基站发送的随机接入第二消息，所述随机接入第二消息包括指示发送随机接入第三消息的次数和每次发送随机接入第三消息的时频资源；
    根据所述发送随机接入第三消息的次数和每次发送随机接入第三消息的时频资源，发送随机接入第三消息。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于：
    所述每次发送所述随机接入第三消息的时频资源位于多个传输时间间隔TTI上。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述基站发送的随机接入第四消息，判断所述随机接入第四消息中携带的终端设备的标识是否与自身标识相同；
    当所述随机接入第四消息中携带的终端设备的标识与自身标识相同时，接收所述随机接入第四消息；
    当所述随机接入第四消息中携带的终端设备的标识与自身标识不同时，抛弃接收到的所述随机接入第四消息，直到接收到的随机接入第四消息中携带的终端设备的标识是否与自身标识相同或竞争解决计时器超时。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述随机接入第四消息中携带的终端设备的标识与自身标识相同时，如果所述随机接入第四消息中包括的TA不是预设的特定值，则根据所述随机接入第四消息中包括的TA修正已经获取的TA；
    如果所述随机接入第四消息中包括的C-RNTI不是预设的特定值，根据所述随机接入第四消息中包括的C-RNTI修正已经获取的C-RNTI。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14所述的任一方法，其特征在于：
    在所述基站的一个发送波束的覆盖范围内，向所述基站发送随机接入第一消息；
    所述发送波束的覆盖范围内还包括其它终端设备，所述随机接入第一消息中的随机接入前导码与所述其它终端设备发送的随机接入第一消息中的随机接入前导码相同。
  16. 一种通信设备，包括存储器，处理器以及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其特征在于，所述处理器执行所述程序时使得所述通信设备实现如权利要求1-15任一项所述的步骤。
  17. 一种计算机可读介质，用于存储计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被运行时，使得如权利要求1-15任一项所述的方法被执行。
  18. 一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行的如权利要求1-15任一项所述的方法。
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