WO2018233396A1 - 一种扬声器及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种扬声器及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018233396A1
WO2018233396A1 PCT/CN2018/086457 CN2018086457W WO2018233396A1 WO 2018233396 A1 WO2018233396 A1 WO 2018233396A1 CN 2018086457 W CN2018086457 W CN 2018086457W WO 2018233396 A1 WO2018233396 A1 WO 2018233396A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnet
magnet unit
coil
speaker
diaphragm
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2018/086457
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
阮清波
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd filed Critical Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Publication of WO2018233396A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018233396A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a speaker and an electronic device.
  • Existing moving coil speakers are generally assembled from coils (i.e., voice coils), diaphragms, center magnets, peripheral magnets, and brackets.
  • the coil of the existing moving coil speaker needs to be disposed in the space sandwiched by the center magnet and the peripheral magnet, and the structure has high requirements for the concentricity of the coil and the center magnet. If the concentricity of the coil and the center magnet is poor, the coil easily touches the center magnet or the peripheral magnet during the vibration, thereby causing the speaker to be prone to disturbing noise.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a speaker and an electronic device to solve the problem that a conventional speaker causes a noise generated by a speaker due to a contact between a coil and a magnet.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a speaker, including: a housing, at least one first magnet unit fixedly disposed in the housing, and a second magnet unit disposed opposite each of the first magnet units Wherein the two magnetic poles of the first magnet unit and the second magnet unit that are disposed opposite each other are mutually repelled; the speaker further includes a diaphragm, and the diaphragm is fixedly disposed in the outer casing and located at the Between the first magnet unit and the second magnet unit; the speaker further includes a coil, the coil is fixedly disposed on the diaphragm, the coil includes at least one force receiving portion, and the coil is energized The magnetic field has the same force direction for all of the stressed sections; the outer casing is provided with at least one sounding hole.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, including an electronic device body, a circuit board, and the speaker, the speaker being fixedly disposed on the electronic device body, the coil of the speaker and the speaker The board is electrically connected.
  • the speaker of the embodiment of the present disclosure forms a magnetic field substantially parallel to the diaphragm by using two magnet units disposed oppositely, which can generate an ampere force for vibrating the diaphragm up and down, thereby realizing the sound emission of the speaker. Since the diaphragm is disposed between two opposing magnet units, it is difficult for the coil to touch the magnet when the diaphragm vibrates. It can be seen that embodiments of the present disclosure can reduce the possibility of the coil touching the magnet and reduce the interference noise generated by the speaker.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure and working principle of a conventional speaker
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3-1 is a manner of setting a speaker magnet unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3-2 is a schematic manner of setting a speaker magnet unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3-3 is a schematic manner of setting a speaker magnet unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 3-4 is a manner of setting a speaker magnet unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit simulation at a cross section of two magnet units of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 5-1 is a manner of setting a speaker coil on a diaphragm provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 5-2 is a manner of setting a speaker coil on a diaphragm provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 5-3 is a manner of setting a speaker coil on a diaphragm provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a manner of setting a speaker coil on a diaphragm provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure and working principle of a conventional moving coil type speaker.
  • the coil 11 of the existing moving coil type speaker is disposed in a space between the center magnet 12 and the peripheral magnet 13, and the coil 11 is at the center.
  • the magnet 12 and the peripheral magnet 13 generate a magnetic field to vibrate up and down, thereby causing the diaphragm located above the coil 11 to vibrate.
  • the coil 11 In order to make the ampere forces received throughout the coil 11 uniform or balanced, the coil 11 needs to maintain good concentricity with the central magnet 12. If the concentricity of the coil 11 and the center magnet 12 does not coincide, the coil 11 easily deviates from the central axis when vibrating, possibly causing the coil 11 to come into contact with the center magnet 12 or the peripheral magnet 13, thereby causing the speaker to emit disturbing noise.
  • the coil 11 of the existing moving coil speaker is bonded to the diaphragm, and since the winding of the coil 11 is generally thin, the bonding area of the coil 11 and the diaphragm is small, and when the coil 11 drives the diaphragm to vibrate, The force receiving area of the diaphragm is small, and relatively obvious nonlinear distortion is likely to occur in the high frequency portion.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a speaker, including: a housing 21, at least one first magnet unit 22 fixedly disposed in the housing 21, and opposite to each of the first magnet units 22. a second magnet unit 23 is disposed; wherein the two magnetic poles of the first magnet unit 22 and the second magnet unit 23 that are disposed opposite each other are mutually repelled; the speaker further includes a diaphragm 24, and the diaphragm 24 is fixedly disposed in the outer casing 21, and Located between the first magnet unit 22 and the second magnet unit 23; the speaker further includes a coil 25 fixedly disposed on the diaphragm 24, the coil 25 including at least one force receiving section 251, and when the coil 25 is energized, the magnetic field is all The direction of the force of the force receiving section 251 is the same; the outer casing 21 is provided with at least one sound emitting hole 211.
  • the first magnet unit 22 may include at least one single magnet, which may include, but is not limited to, a strip magnet, a ring magnet or a U-shaped magnet.
  • the second magnet unit 23 may include at least one single magnet, which may include, but is not limited to, a strip magnet, a ring magnet, or a U-shaped magnet.
  • the first magnet unit 22 and the second magnet unit 23 are oppositely and in one-to-one correspondence, and the manner of correspondingly setting needs to satisfy the condition that the two magnetic poles of the first magnet unit 22 and the second magnet unit 23 which are adjacent to each other are mutually repelled.
  • the setting method cannot be exhaustive, and is exemplified below with reference to FIG. 3-1 to FIG. 3-4.
  • the first magnet unit 22 includes a U-shaped magnet
  • the second magnet unit 23 includes two strip magnets, wherein the N pole of one strip magnet is opposite to the N pole of the U magnet, and the other The S pole of the strip magnet is opposite the S pole of the U magnet.
  • the first magnet unit 22 includes two strip magnets (or ring magnets), and the second magnet unit 23 includes one strip magnet (or ring magnet), two of the first magnet units 22.
  • the N poles of the strip magnets (or ring magnets) are each opposite the N poles of a large strip magnet (or ring magnet) of the second magnet unit 23.
  • the first magnet unit 22 includes a U-shaped magnet
  • the second magnet unit 23 includes a U-shaped magnet, wherein the N-pole of the U-shaped magnet of the first magnet unit 22 and the second magnet unit 23
  • the N poles of the U-shaped magnet are opposed to each other, and the S pole of the U-shaped magnet of the first magnet unit 22 is opposite to the S pole of the U-shaped magnet of the second magnet unit 23.
  • the first magnet unit 22 includes two strip magnets (or ring magnets), and the second magnet unit 23 includes two strip magnets (or ring magnets), the first of which is the first magnet unit 22
  • the N poles of the strip magnets (or ring magnets) oppose the N poles of the first strip magnet (or ring magnet) of the second magnet unit 23, and the second strip magnets (or rings) of the first magnet unit 22
  • the S pole of the magnet) is opposite to the S pole of the second strip magnet (or ring magnet) of the second magnet unit 23.
  • the speaker is shown in Fig. 2 to include two first magnet units 22 and two second magnet units 23, each of which includes a strip magnet and the N poles of the strip magnets are opposite form.
  • the magnetic induction line outside the magnet enters the S pole from the N pole, and the magnetic induction line inside the magnet goes from the S pole to the N pole.
  • the direction of the magnetic line between the opposite poles is from the sides of the magnetic pole.
  • the center of the magnetic pole (the opposite direction of the S pole), or from the center of the magnetic pole toward both sides of the magnetic pole (when the N poles are opposed).
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit simulation at the cross section of the two magnet units. Since the N pole of the first magnet unit 22 is opposite to the N pole of the second magnet unit 23, the first magnet unit 22 and the The magnetic field between the two magnet units 23 can be roughly divided into four magnetic sense line dense regions from left to right, the magnetic induction line direction of the first area is toward the left, and the magnetic induction line direction of the second area is toward the right. The magnetic induction lines of the three regions are oriented to the left, and the magnetic induction lines of the fourth region are oriented to the right.
  • the coil 25 when the coil 25 is energized, the direction of the amperage force of the magnetic field to the energizing coil 25 is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field and the current, and in order to maximize the ampere force to which the coil 25 is subjected, the coil 25 may include at least one magnetic sense line.
  • the manner in which the coils 25 of the four force receiving sections 251 are disposed on the diaphragm 24 is also various, and since the arrangement is not exhaustive, the first magnet unit 22 and the following are combined with FIGS. 5-1 to 5-3.
  • the case where the second magnet unit 23 is a strip magnet is exemplified.
  • the four force receiving sections 251 of the coil 25 are independent single-stranded wires, and current is respectively supplied to each of the force receiving sections 251.
  • the four force receiving sections 251 of the coil 25 are single-stranded wires connected in series in the first and the last, and the same current is passed through each of the force receiving segments 251.
  • the four force receiving sections 251 of the coil 25 are three strands of wires connected in series in the first and the last, and the same current is passed through each of the force receiving sections 251.
  • the coil 25 may also be provided with a force receiving section 251, two force receiving sections 251 or three force receiving sections.
  • the contact area of the coil 25 having the four force receiving sections 251 and the diaphragm 24 is larger, and when the coil 25 drives the diaphragm 24 to vibrate, the force received by the entire diaphragm 24 is more balanced, which is advantageous for lowering the speaker height.
  • the possibility of nonlinear distortion occurs in the frequency portion.
  • the arrangement of the coil 25 shown in Fig. 2 on the diaphragm 24 may be in the manner as shown in Fig. 5-3.
  • the force receiving segments 251 of the above coils 25 are all straight wires, which are adapted to the case where the magnet unit is a strip magnet. If the magnet unit is a ring magnet, the force receiving section 251 of the coil 25 needs to be arranged in a ring shape. If the shape of the magnet unit is other shapes, the shape of the force receiving section 251 of the coil 25 needs to be adaptively adjusted so that the force receiving section 251 is perpendicular to the magnetic line direction.
  • the speaker of the embodiment of the present disclosure forms a magnetic field substantially parallel to the diaphragm by using two magnet units disposed opposite to each other, and the magnetic field can generate an ampere force for vibrating the diaphragm up and down, thereby realizing sound emission of the speaker. Since the diaphragm is disposed between two opposing magnet units, it is difficult for the coil to touch the magnet when the diaphragm vibrates. It can be seen that embodiments of the present disclosure can reduce the possibility of the coil touching the magnet and reduce the interference noise generated by the speaker.
  • the coil 25 includes at least two force-receiving segments 251 and at least one transition segment 252 spaced apart, two adjacent The force section 251 is connected in series by a transition section 252.
  • the coil 25 can include at least two intervals of the interval. Force segment 251.
  • the force receiving segment 251 can be disposed in the manner as shown in FIG. 5-1. However, in this manner, each force receiving segment 251 needs to be individually turned on, which increases the design. Complexity.
  • the force receiving section 251 may be disposed in a manner as shown in FIGS. 5-2, 5-3, and 6, in which the adjacent two force receiving sections 251 are disposed. Through a transition section 252 in series, the same current flows through each of the force sections 251 in sequence.
  • transition section 252 is disposed perpendicular to force section 251.
  • the transition section 252 can be perpendicular to the force receiving section 251, such that the transition section 252 receives almost zero amperage, and the impact of the ampere force received by the transition section 252 on the diaphragm 24 is negligible. It is further ensured that the vibration directions of the diaphragm 24 are the same at the same time.
  • each force segment 251 includes at least two strands of wire, at least two strands disposed side by side and/or stacked.
  • each of the force receiving sections 251 may include at least two strands of wire, and the case where the force receiving section 251 includes three strands of wire is shown in FIGS. 2, 5-3, and 6.
  • each force section 251 includes at least two strands, at least two strands may be arranged side by side, i.e., as shown in Figures 2, 5-3, and 6.
  • At least two strands of wire may also be stacked, or may be arranged side by side and stacked.
  • the force-bearing section 251 is disposed in a dense line of magnetic lines.
  • the force receiving section 251 is preferably in a region where the magnetic line is dense (or a region where the magnetic field strength is strong).
  • the magnetic sensitive line dense region is not in the middle of the magnetic pole, but in the region corresponding to the magnetic pole edge, that is, the region where the force receiving portion 251 is located in Fig. 2.
  • the diaphragm 24 is located in the middle of the first magnet unit 22 and the second magnet unit 23.
  • the diaphragm 24 may be disposed in the positive of the first magnet unit 22 and the second magnet unit 23. In the middle, in this way, the upward ampere force received by the coil 25 on the diaphragm 24 is slightly different from the downward ampere force received, and the risk of deformation of the coil 25 or the diaphragm 24 due to unbalanced forces for a long period of time can be reduced. Further, the diaphragm 24 is disposed in the middle of the first magnet unit 22 and the second magnet unit 23 such that the distance between the coil 25 and the two magnet units is uniform, further reducing the possibility of the coil 25 being in contact with the magnet.
  • the poles of the same polarity in the first magnet unit 22 are oriented the same.
  • the magnetic poles of the same polarity of the first magnet unit 22 are oriented the same, that is, the magnetic poles of the same polarity of the second magnet unit 23 are oriented the same.
  • the N poles of the two first magnet units 22 are both disposed opposite to the N poles of the corresponding second magnet unit 23.
  • the magnetic poles of the same polarity in the first magnet unit 22 are oriented in the same direction, so that the magnetic field generated by the magnet unit has better uniformity, and any interference between the adjacent magnet units on the direction of the magnetic line can be avoided.
  • the diaphragm 24 includes at least two stacked diaphragms, and the coil 25 is fixedly disposed between any two adjacent diaphragms.
  • the coil 25 may be fixedly disposed on the diaphragm 24 by bonding, or may be fixedly disposed on the diaphragm 24 by being embedded.
  • the diaphragm 24 may include at least two layers of stacked diaphragms, and the coil 25 may be fixedly disposed between any two adjacent layers of the diaphragm. In this embodiment, the coil 25 is not exposed, improving the stability and reliability between the coil 25 and the diaphragm 24.
  • the inner wall of the outer casing 21 is provided with a magnet accommodating groove 212, and the first magnet unit 22 and/or the second magnet unit 23 are embedded in the magnet accommodating groove 212.
  • the magnet unit is embedded in the magnet accommodating groove 212 to facilitate the assembly of the magnet unit and improve the stability of the magnet unit and the outer casing 21.
  • the speaker further includes a sound transmissive layer 26 that covers the sound hole 211.
  • the speaker may further include a sound-permeable layer 26 covering the sound hole 211, and the sound-permeable layer 26 may function as a tuning, and may select materials having the same or different acoustic resistance according to the need of tuning.
  • the sound-permeable layer 26 can also function as a dustproof.
  • the outer casing 21 includes a first housing 213 and a second housing 214, wherein the first magnet unit 22 can be fixedly disposed on the first housing 213, and second The magnet unit 23 can be fixedly disposed on the second housing 214.
  • the first housing 213 and the second housing 214 are fixedly connected by a connecting member such as a screw, or may be fixedly connected by other riveting structures.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further relates to an electronic device, including an electronic device body, a circuit board, and the above speaker.
  • the speaker is fixedly disposed on the electronic device body, and the coil of the speaker is electrically connected to the circuit board.
  • the above electronic device may include: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, an MP3 player, an MP4 player, a speaker, a speaker, a digital camera, a laptop portable computer, a car computer, a desktop computer, a set top box, a smart TV, and the like. Wear at least one of the devices.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an implementation of the present disclosure.
  • the electronic device 700 includes a radio frequency (RF) circuit 710, a memory 720, an input unit 730, a display unit 740, a processor 750, an audio circuit 760, a communication module 770, a power source 780, and a speaker 790.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the speaker 790 includes: a housing, at least one first magnet unit fixedly disposed in the housing, and a second magnet unit disposed in one-to-one correspondence with each of the first magnet units; the first magnet unit and The opposite magnetic poles of the second magnet unit mutually repel each other; the speaker 790 further includes a diaphragm, the diaphragm is fixedly disposed in the outer casing, and is located between the first magnet unit and the second magnet unit
  • the speaker 790 further includes a coil, the coil is fixedly disposed on the diaphragm, and the coil includes at least one force receiving portion, and when the coil is energized, a magnetic field acts on a force direction of all the force receiving segments.
  • the outer casing is provided with at least one sound hole.
  • the coil includes at least two force segments and at least one transition segment that are spaced apart, and any two adjacent force segments are connected in series by one transition segment.
  • the transition section is disposed perpendicular to the force receiving section.
  • each of the stressed segments includes at least two strands of wire disposed side by side and/or stacked.
  • the force receiving segment is disposed in a magnetically sensitive line dense region.
  • the diaphragm is located in the middle of the first magnet unit and the second magnet unit.
  • the poles of the same polarity in the first magnet unit are oriented the same.
  • the diaphragm comprises at least two stacked membranes, the coils being fixedly disposed between any two adjacent membranes.
  • the first magnet unit includes at least one of a strip magnet, a ring magnet, or a U-shaped magnet.
  • the inner wall of the outer casing is provided with a magnet accommodating groove, and the first magnet unit and/or the second magnet unit are embedded in the magnet accommodating groove.
  • the speaker further includes a sound transmissive layer covering the sound hole.
  • the input unit 730 can be configured to receive numeric or character information input by the user, and generate a signal input related to user settings and function control of the electronic device 700.
  • the input unit 730 may include a touch panel 731.
  • the touch panel 731 also referred to as a touch screen, can collect touch operations on or near the user (such as the operation of the user using any suitable object or accessory such as a finger or a stylus on the touch panel 731), and according to the preset The programmed program drives the corresponding connection device.
  • the touch panel 731 can include two parts of a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • the touch detection device detects the touch orientation of the user, and detects a signal brought by the touch operation, and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives the touch information from the touch detection device, converts the touch information into contact coordinates, and sends the touch information.
  • the processor 750 is provided and can receive commands from the processor 750 and execute them.
  • the touch panel 731 can be implemented in various types such as resistive, capacitive, infrared, and surface acoustic waves.
  • the input unit 730 may further include other input devices 732, which may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, switch buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, joysticks, and the like. One or more of them.
  • the display unit 740 can be used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user and various menu interfaces of the electronic device 700.
  • the display unit 740 can include a display panel 741.
  • the display panel 741 can be configured in the form of an LCD or an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED).
  • the touch panel 731 can cover the display panel 741 to form a touch display screen, and when the touch display screen detects a touch operation on or near it, it is transmitted to the processor 750 to determine the type of the touch event, and then the processor The 750 provides a corresponding visual output on the touch display depending on the type of touch event.
  • the touch display includes an application interface display area and a common control display area.
  • the arrangement manner of the application interface display area and the display area of the common control is not limited, and the arrangement manner of the two display areas can be distinguished by up-and-down arrangement, left-right arrangement, and the like.
  • the application interface display area can be used to display the interface of the application. Each interface can contain interface elements such as at least one application's icon and/or widget desktop control.
  • the application interface display area can also be an empty interface that does not contain any content.
  • the common control display area is used to display controls with high usage, such as setting buttons, interface numbers, scroll bars, phone book icons, and the like.
  • the processor 750 is a control center of the electronic device 700, and connects various parts of the entire electronic device by using various interfaces and lines, by running or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the first memory 721, and calling the storage in the first
  • the data in the second memory 722 performs various functions and processing data of the electronic device 700, thereby performing overall monitoring of the electronic device 700.
  • processor 750 can include one or more processing units.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供一种扬声器及电子设备，其中扬声器包括：外壳，固定设置于外壳内的至少一个第一磁体单元，以及与每个第一磁体单元相对设置的第二磁体单元；其中，相对设置的第一磁体单元和第二磁体单元靠近的两个磁极相互排斥；扬声器还包括振膜，振膜固定设置于外壳内，且位于第一磁体单元和第二磁体单元之间；扬声器还包括线圈，线圈固定设置于振膜上，线圈包括至少一个受力段，线圈在通电时，磁场对所有受力段的作用力方向相同；外壳开设有至少一个出声孔。

Description

一种扬声器及电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2017年6月20日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201710470128.8的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种扬声器及电子设备。
背景技术
现有的动圈式扬声器一般由线圈(即音圈)、膜片、中心磁体、周边磁体和支架等装配形成。现有动圈式扬声器的线圈需要设置于中心磁体和周边磁体所夹的空间内，该结构对于线圈与中心磁体的同心度要求较高。若线圈与中心磁体的同心度不良，则线圈在振动过程中容易与中心磁体或周边磁体触碰，从而导致扬声器容易出现干扰性杂音。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种扬声器及电子设备，以解决现有扬声器因线圈与磁体触碰而导致扬声器产生杂音的问题。
第一方面，本公开实施例提供了一种扬声器，包括：外壳，固定设置于所述外壳内的至少一个第一磁体单元，以及与每个所述第一磁体单元相对设置的第二磁体单元；其中，相对设置的所述第一磁体单元和所述第二磁体单元靠近的两个磁极相互排斥；所述扬声器还包括振膜，所述振膜固定设置于所述外壳内，且位于所述第一磁体单元和所述第二磁体单元之间；所述扬声器还包括线圈，所述线圈固定设置于所述振膜上，所述线圈包括至少一个受力段，所述线圈在通电时，磁场对所有所述受力段的作用力方向相同；所述外壳开设有至少一个出声孔。
第二方面，本公开实施例还提供了一种电子设备，包括电子设备本体、电路板和上述扬声器，所述扬声器固定设置于所述电子设备本体上，所述扬 声器的所述线圈与所述电路板电性连接。
这样，本公开实施例的扬声器通过采用相对设置的两个磁体单元，形成与振膜基本平行的磁场，该磁场可以产生使振膜上下振动的安培力，从而实现扬声器的发声。由于将振膜设置于两个相对的磁体单元之间，振膜振动时线圈很难触碰到磁体。可见，本公开实施例能够降低线圈与磁体触碰的可能性，减少扬声器产生干扰性杂音。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对本公开实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获取其他的附图。
图1是现有扬声器的结构和工作原理示意图；
图2是本公开实施例提供的扬声器的结构示意图；
图3-1是本公开实施例提供的扬声器磁体单元的设置方式；
图3-2是本公开实施例提供的扬声器磁体单元的设置方式；
图3-3是本公开实施例提供的扬声器磁体单元的设置方式；
图3-4是本公开实施例提供的扬声器磁体单元的设置方式；
图4是本公开实施例提供的扬声器两磁体单元截面处的磁路仿真示意图；
图5-1是本公开实施例提供的扬声器线圈在振膜上的设置方式；
图5-2是本公开实施例提供的扬声器线圈在振膜上的设置方式；
图5-3是本公开实施例提供的扬声器线圈在振膜上的设置方式；
图6是本公开实施例提供的扬声器线圈在振膜上的设置方式；
图7是本公开实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创 造性劳动前提下所获取的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
如图1所示，图1是现有动圈式扬声器的结构和工作原理示意图，现有动圈式扬声器的线圈11设置于中心磁体12与周边磁体13之间的空间内，线圈11在中心磁体12和周边磁体13产生的磁场作用下上下振动，从而带动位于线圈11上方的振膜振动发声。
为了使线圈11各处受到的安培力一致或平衡，线圈11需要与中心磁体12保持良好的同心度。若线圈11与中心磁体12的同心度不一致，线圈11在振动时容易偏离中心轴，可能导致线圈11与中心磁体12或周边磁体13触碰，从而使扬声器发出干扰性杂音。
此外，现有动圈式扬声器的线圈11粘接于振膜上，由于线圈11的卷线一般很薄，所以线圈11与振膜的粘接面积很小，线圈11带动振膜振动时，由于振膜的受力面积小，在高频部分容易出现比较明显的非线性失真。
为解决上述问题，如图2所示，本公开实施例提供一种扬声器，包括：外壳21，固定设置于外壳21内的至少一个第一磁体单元22，以及与每个第一磁体单元22相对设置的第二磁体单元23；其中，相对设置的第一磁体单元22和第二磁体单元23靠近的两个磁极相互排斥；扬声器还包括振膜24，振膜24固定设置于外壳21内，且位于第一磁体单元22和第二磁体单元23之间；扬声器还包括线圈25，线圈25固定设置于振膜24上，线圈25包括至少一个受力段251，线圈25在通电时，磁场对所有受力段251的作用力方向相同；外壳21开设有至少一个出声孔211。
其中，第一磁体单元22可以包括至少一个单磁体，该单磁体可以包括但不限于条形磁体、环形磁体或U形磁体。第二磁体单元23可以包括至少一个单磁体，该单磁体可以包括但不限于条形磁体、环形磁体或U形磁体。
第一磁体单元22和第二磁体单元23相对且一一对应设置，其对应设置的方式需要满足，相对设置的第一磁体单元22和第二磁体单元23靠近的两个磁极相互排斥的条件。其设置方式无法穷举，下面结合图3-1至图3-4进行举例说明。
如图3-1所示，第一磁体单元22包括一个U形磁体，第二磁体单元23包括两个条形磁体，其中一个条形磁体的N极与U形磁体的N极相对，另一 个条形磁体的S极与U形磁体的S极相对。
如图3-2所示，第一磁体单元22包括两个小条形磁体(或环形磁体)，第二磁体单元23包括一个大条形磁体(或环形磁体)，第一磁体单元22的两个小条形磁体(或环形磁体)的N极均与第二磁体单元23的一个大条形磁体(或环形磁体)的N极相对。
如图3-3所示，第一磁体单元22包括一个U形磁体，第二磁体单元23包括一个U形磁体，其中第一磁体单元22的U形磁体的N极与第二磁体单元23的U形磁体的N极相对，第一磁体单元22的U形磁体的S极与第二磁体单元23的U形磁体的S极相对。
如图3-4所示，第一磁体单元22包括两个条形磁体(或环形磁体)，第二磁体单元23包括两个条形磁体(或环形磁体)，第一磁体单元22的第一个条形磁体(或环形磁体)的N极与第二磁体单元23的第一个条形磁体(或环形磁体)的N极相对，第一磁体单元22的第二个条形磁体(或环形磁体)的S极与第二磁体单元23的第二个条形磁体(或环形磁体)的S极相对。
图2中示出了扬声器包括两个第一磁体单元22和两个第二磁体单元23，第一磁体单元22和第二磁体单元23均包括一个条形磁体，且条形磁体的N极相对的形式。
众所周知，磁体外部的磁感线从N极出来进入S极，磁体内部的磁感线从S极到N极，同极性磁极相对时，相对磁极之间的磁感线方向从磁极两侧朝向磁极的中心(S极相对时)，或从磁极的中心朝向磁极两侧(N极相对时)。为了更好地理解本公开实施例的扬声器工作原理，下面对图2中的磁体单元产生的磁场进行磁路仿真。
如图4所示，图4为两磁体单元截面处的磁路仿真示意图，由于第一磁体单元22的N极与第二磁体单元23的N极相对设置，因此，第一磁体单元22与第二磁体单元23之间的磁场大致可以分为从左至右的四个磁感线密集区域，第一个区域的磁感线方向朝左，第二个区域的磁感线方向朝右，第三个区域的磁感线方向朝左，第四个区域的磁感线方向朝右。
根据左手定则，在线圈25通电时，磁场对通电线圈25的安培力方向与磁场和电流的方向均垂直，为了使线圈25所受的安培力最大，线圈25可以 包括至少一个与磁感线方向垂直的受力段251。图2中示出了线圈25包括四个与磁感线方向垂直的受力段251，这四个受力段251分别位于图4中所示的四个磁感线密集区域。
另外，四个受力段251的线圈25在振膜24上设置的方式也多种多样，由于设置方式无法穷举，下面结合图5-1至图5-3，对第一磁体单元22和第二磁体单元23均为条形磁体的情况进行举例说明。
如图5-1所示，线圈25的四个受力段251均为相互独立的单股导线，每个受力段251内分别通有电流。
如图5-2所示，线圈25的四个受力段251均为首尾依次串联连接的单股导线，每个受力段251内通有同一电流。
如图5-3所示，线圈25的四个受力段251均为首尾依次串联连接的三股导线，每个受力段251内通有同一电流。
当然，对于图4所示的具有四个磁感线密集区域的形式而言，线圈25也可以设置一个受力段251、两个受力段251或三个受力段。只不过，具有四个受力段251的线圈25与振膜24的接触面积更大，在线圈25带动振膜24振动时，整个振膜24所受到的力更加均衡，有利于降低扬声器在高频部分出现非线性失真的可能性。
图2中示出的线圈25在振膜24上的设置方式可以是如图5-3所示的设置方式。
需要说明的是，以上线圈25的受力段251均为直导线，其适应于磁体单元为条形磁体的情况。如果磁体单元是环形磁体，则线圈25的受力段251需要设置为环形。如果磁体单元的形状为其它形状，则线圈25的受力段251的形状需要做适应性调整，以使受力段251各处都与磁感线方向垂直。
本公开实施例的扬声器通过采用相对设置的两个磁体单元，形成与振膜基本平行的磁场，该磁场可以产生使振膜上下振动的安培力，从而实现扬声器的发声。由于将振膜设置于两个相对的磁体单元之间，振膜振动时线圈很难触碰到磁体。可见，本公开实施例能够降低线圈与磁体触碰的可能性，减少扬声器产生干扰性杂音。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图5-2、图5-3和图6所示，线圈25包括间 隔设置的至少两个受力段251和至少一个过渡段252，相邻两个受力段251通过一个过渡段252串联。
从上述分析可知，每两个相对的磁体单元至少可以产生两个磁感线密集区域，一方面，为了尽可能地提高磁场对线圈25的安培力，线圈25可以包括间隔设置的至少两个受力段251。另一方面，线圈25包括的受力段251越多，线圈25整体所受的安培力越大，线圈25与振膜24的接触面积也越大，振膜24所受到的力更加均衡。
在线圈25包括至少两个受力段251时，受力段251既可以以如图5-1的方式设置，但该方式下，每个受力段251需要单独接通电流，加大了设计复杂程度。考虑到上述原因，本公开实施方式中，受力段251可以以如图5-2、图5-3和图6所示的方式设置，该方式下，相邻两个受力段251之间通过一个过渡段252串联，同一电流依次流通每个受力段251。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图6所示，过渡段252与受力段251垂直设置。
根据左右定则，在电流方向与磁场方向平行时，不受安培力。鉴于此，本公开实施方式中，过渡段252可以与受力段251垂直，这样，过渡段252受到的安培力几乎为零，过渡段252受到的安培力对振膜24的影响可以忽略不计，进一步确保振膜24在同一时刻的振动方向一致。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图2、图5-3和图6所示，每个受力段251包括至少两股导线，至少两股导线并排设置和/或堆叠设置。
为了增加线圈25所受的安培力，每个受力段251可以包括至少两股导线，图2、图5-3和图6中示出的是受力段251包括三股导线的情况。在每个受力段251包括至少两股导线时，至少两股导线可以并排设置，即图2、图5-3和图6中示出的情况。至少两股导线还可以堆叠设置，还可以是既并排设置又堆叠设置。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图2所示，受力段251设置于磁感线密集区域。
为了增加线圈25所受的安培力，受力段251最好处于磁感线密集区域(或磁场强度较强的区域)。从图4的磁路仿真示意图可知，磁感线密集区域不在 磁极的正中间，而是在磁极边缘对应的区域，即图2中受力段251所在的区域。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图2所示，振膜24位于第一磁体单元22和第二磁体单元23的正中间。
考虑到第一磁体单元22和第二磁体单元23之间的正中间位置为磁感线分布最均匀的区域，因此，振膜24可以设置在第一磁体单元22和第二磁体单元23的正中间，这样，振膜24上的线圈25受到的向上的安培力与受到的向下的安培力相差微小，能够减小线圈25或振膜24长期受力不均衡而变形的风险。此外，将振膜24设置于第一磁体单元22和第二磁体单元23的正中间，使得线圈25至两磁体单元的距离一致，进一步降低线圈25与磁体触碰的可能性。
在一些可选的实施例中，第一磁体单元22中相同极性的磁极朝向相同。
第一磁体单元22的相同极性的磁极朝向相同，即第二磁体单元23的相同极性的磁极朝向相同。以图2所示的条形磁体为例，两个第一磁体单元22的N极均与相应的第二磁体单元23的N极相对设置。将第一磁体单元22中相同极性的磁极朝向相同，使得磁体单元产生的磁场具有更佳的一致性，可以避免相邻磁体单元之间对磁感线的走向产生任何干扰。
在一些可选的实施例中，振膜24包括至少两层堆叠的膜片，线圈25固定设置于任意两层相邻的膜片之间。
线圈25可以通过粘接的方式固定设置于振膜24上，也可以通过嵌设的方式固定设置于振膜24上。本公开实施方式中，振膜24可以包括至少两层堆叠的膜片，线圈25可以固定设置于任意两层相邻的膜片之间。该实施方式中，线圈25不外露，提高了线圈25与振膜24之间的稳定性和可靠性。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图2所示，外壳21的内壁设置有磁体容置槽212，第一磁体单元22和/或第二磁体单元23嵌设于磁体容置槽212内。
本公开实施方式中，将磁体单元嵌设于磁体容置槽212内，便于磁体单元的装配，提高磁体单元与外壳21的稳定性。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图2所示，扬声器还包括覆盖出声孔211的透声层26。
本公开实施方式中，扬声器还可以包括覆盖出声孔211的透声层26，该透声层26可以起到调音的作用，可以根据调音的需求，选择具有相同或不同声阻的材质，该透声层26还可以起到防尘的作用。
在一些可选的实施例中，如图2所示，外壳21包括第一壳体213和第二壳体214，其中，第一磁体单元22可以固定设置于第一壳体213上，第二磁体单元23可以固定设置于第二壳体214上。第一壳体213和第二壳体214采用螺钉等连接件固定连接，或者还可以采用其它的铆合结构进行固定连接。
此外，本公开实施例还涉及一种电子设备，包括电子设备本体、电路板和上述扬声器，扬声器固定设置于电子设备本体上，扬声器的线圈与电路板电性连接。
上述电子设备可以包括：手机、平板电脑、电子书阅读器、MP3播放器、MP4播放器、喇叭、音箱、数码相机、膝上型便携计算机、车载电脑、台式计算机、机顶盒、智能电视机、可穿戴设备中的至少一项。
参见图7，图7是本公开实施提供的电子设备的结构图。
如图7所示，电子设备700包括射频(Radio Frequency，RF)电路710、存储器720、输入单元730、显示单元740、处理器750、音频电路760、通信模块770、电源780、扬声器790。
其中，扬声器790包括：外壳，固定设置于所述外壳内的至少一个第一磁体单元，以及与每个所述第一磁体单元一一对应设置的第二磁体单元；所述第一磁体单元和所述第二磁体单元相对的磁极相互排斥；所述扬声器790还包括振膜，所述振膜固定设置于所述外壳内，且位于所述第一磁体单元和所述第二磁体单元之间；所述扬声器790还包括线圈，所述线圈固定设置于所述振膜上，所述线圈包括至少一个受力段，所述线圈在通电时，磁场对所有所述受力段的作用力方向相同；所述外壳开设有至少一个出声孔。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述线圈包括间隔设置的至少两个受力段和至少一个过渡段，任意相邻两个受力段通过一个过渡段串联。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述过渡段与所述受力段垂直设置。
在一些可选的实施例中，每个所述受力段包括至少两股导线，所述至少两股导线并排设置和/或堆叠设置。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述受力段设置于磁感线密集区域。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述振膜位于所述第一磁体单元和所述第二磁体单元的正中间。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述第一磁体单元中相同极性的磁极朝向相同。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述振膜包括至少两层堆叠的膜片，所述线圈固定设置于任意两层相邻的膜片之间。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述第一磁体单元包括条形磁体、环形磁体或U形磁体中的至少一项。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述外壳的内壁设置有磁体容置槽，所述第一磁体单元和/或所述第二磁体单元嵌设于所述磁体容置槽内。
在一些可选的实施例中，所述扬声器还包括覆盖所述出声孔的透声层。
其中，输入单元730可用于接收用户输入的数字或字符信息，以及产生与电子设备700的用户设置以及功能控制有关的信号输入。具体地，本公开实施例中，该输入单元730可以包括触控面板731。触控面板731，也称为触摸屏，可收集用户在其上或附近的触摸操作(比如用户使用手指、触笔等任何适合的物体或附件在触控面板731上的操作)，并根据预先设定的程式驱动相应的连接装置。在一些可选的实施例中，触控面板731可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其中，触摸检测装置检测用户的触摸方位，并检测触摸操作带来的信号，将信号传送给触摸控制器；触摸控制器从触摸检测装置上接收触摸信息，并将它转换成触点坐标，再送给该处理器750，并能接收处理器750发来的命令并加以执行。此外，可以采用电阻式、电容式、红外线以及表面声波等多种类型实现触控面板731。除了触控面板731，输入单元730还可以包括其他输入设备732，其他输入设备732可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键(比如音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆等中的一种或多种。
其中，显示单元740可用于显示由用户输入的信息或提供给用户的信息以及电子设备700的各种菜单界面。显示单元740可包括显示面板741，在一些可选的实施例中，可以采用LCD或有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)等形式来配置显示面板741。
应注意，触控面板731可以覆盖显示面板741，形成触摸显示屏，当该触摸显示屏检测到在其上或附近的触摸操作后，传送给处理器750以确定触摸事件的类型，随后处理器750根据触摸事件的类型在触摸显示屏上提供相应的视觉输出。
触摸显示屏包括应用程序界面显示区及常用控件显示区。该应用程序界面显示区及该常用控件显示区的排列方式并不限定，可以为上下排列、左右排列等可以区分两个显示区的排列方式。该应用程序界面显示区可以用于显示应用程序的界面。每一个界面可以包含至少一个应用程序的图标和/或widget桌面控件等界面元素。该应用程序界面显示区也可以为不包含任何内容的空界面。该常用控件显示区用于显示使用率较高的控件，例如，设置按钮、界面编号、滚动条、电话本图标等应用程序图标等。
其中处理器750是电子设备700的控制中心，利用各种接口和线路连接整个电子设备的各个部分，通过运行或执行存储在第一存储器721内的软件程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在第二存储器722内的数据，执行电子设备700的各种功能和处理数据，从而对电子设备700进行整体监控。在一些可选的实施例中，处理器750可包括一个或多个处理单元。
以上，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种扬声器，包括：外壳，固定设置于所述外壳内的至少一个第一磁体单元，以及与每个所述第一磁体单元相对设置的第二磁体单元；其中，相对设置的所述第一磁体单元和所述第二磁体单元靠近的两个磁极相互排斥；
    所述扬声器还包括振膜，所述振膜固定设置于所述外壳内，且位于所述第一磁体单元和所述第二磁体单元之间；
    所述扬声器还包括线圈，所述线圈固定设置于所述振膜上，所述线圈包括至少一个受力段，所述线圈在通电时，磁场对所有所述受力段的作用力方向相同；
    所述外壳开设有至少一个出声孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其中，所述线圈包括间隔设置的至少两个受力段和至少一个过渡段，任意相邻两个受力段通过一个过渡段串联。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的扬声器，其中，所述过渡段与所述受力段垂直设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的扬声器，其中，每个所述受力段包括至少两股导线，所述至少两股导线并排设置和/或堆叠设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的扬声器，其中，所述受力段设置于磁感线密集区域。
  6. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的扬声器，其中，所述振膜位于所述第一磁体单元和所述第二磁体单元的正中间。
  7. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的扬声器，其中，所述第一磁体单元中相同极性的磁极朝向相同。
  8. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的扬声器，其中，所述振膜包括至少两层堆叠的膜片，所述线圈固定设置于任意两层相邻的膜片之间。
  9. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的扬声器，其中，所述第一磁体单元包括条形磁体、环形磁体或U形磁体中的至少一项。
  10. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的扬声器，其中，所述外壳的内壁设置有磁体容置槽，所述第一磁体单元和/或所述第二磁体单元嵌设于所述 磁体容置槽内。
  11. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的扬声器，其中，所述扬声器还包括覆盖所述出声孔的透声层。
  12. 一种电子设备，包括电子设备本体、电路板和如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的扬声器，所述扬声器固定设置于所述电子设备本体上，所述扬声器的所述线圈与所述电路板电性连接。
PCT/CN2018/086457 2017-06-20 2018-05-11 一种扬声器及电子设备 Ceased WO2018233396A1 (zh)

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