WO2018232633A1 - Composant de générateur et générateur ayant le composant - Google Patents

Composant de générateur et générateur ayant le composant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018232633A1
WO2018232633A1 PCT/CN2017/089391 CN2017089391W WO2018232633A1 WO 2018232633 A1 WO2018232633 A1 WO 2018232633A1 CN 2017089391 W CN2017089391 W CN 2017089391W WO 2018232633 A1 WO2018232633 A1 WO 2018232633A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
component
magnet
generator according
fixing member
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/089391
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ganjun ZHU
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority to PCT/CN2017/089391 priority Critical patent/WO2018232633A1/fr
Publication of WO2018232633A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018232633A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
    • H02K1/2795—Rotors axially facing stators the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a component of a generator, such as a rotor or a stator, and a generator having the component, which is particularly used for a railway freight wagon.
  • a disc type permanent magnet generator has been proposed as the electric power supplier for railway freight wagons.
  • the disc type generator is an easy-mounting, reliable, low maintenance fee and economical power supply solution for railway applications.
  • magnets 2 directly use glue 3 to attach magnets 2 to a rotor substrate 1.
  • the magnet 2 has the north pole and the south pole in an axial direction of the substrate 1.
  • Adjacent magnets 2 have different pole direction from each other.
  • the working environment of the railway freight wagon is very harsh, e.g. huge vibration and shock impact and large ambient temperature variation exist, which give a big challenge to the disc type generator and its component. That is, the direct gluing method may not be a feasible magnet mounting solution.
  • this disclosure provides a component of a generator, such as a rotor or a stator, and a generator having the component, in which magnets are attached reliably to a substrate.
  • This disclosure provides a component of a generator comprising a substrate having a shape of disc or ring and at least one magnet attached to the substrate,
  • the component further comprises at least one fixture which is a mechanical means separating from the magnet and the substrate and configured to press the magnet against the substrate,
  • the fixture comprises a fixing member to match with the magnet and an attaching member to fix the fixing member to the substrate via holes formed in the fixing member and the substrate, wherein the fixing member and the attaching member are formed by non-magnetic material.
  • the attaching member is a screw or a rivet.
  • a through hole is formed in the body of the fixing member, a plurality of screw holes is formed in the substrate, and the fixing member is fixed to the substrate by the screw penetrating the through hole and screwed into the screw hole.
  • the fixing member is configured to prevent the magnet from moving relative to the substrate in a radial direction of the substrate by a form fit between the fixing member and the magnet.
  • the fixing member is configured to prevent the magnet from moving relative to the substrate in a circumferential direction of the substrate by a form fit between the fixing member and the magnet.
  • the fixture has a main surface away from the substrate, wherein the main surface is in the same plane as a main surface of the magnet away from the substrate.
  • the fixture has a main surface away from the substrate, wherein the main surface, in an axial direction of the substrate, is closer to the substrate than a main surface of the magnet away from the substrate.
  • the component comprises a plurality of magnets.
  • the magnet has at least one fixed portion, and the fixing member is configured to match with the fixed portion.
  • the at least one fixed portion is formed by at least one cutout of the magnet.
  • the fixing member has a body located between two adjacent magnets and two wings matching with two fixed portions of the two adjacent magnets.
  • the body located between the two adjacent magnets prevents the magnets moving relative to the substrate in a circumferential direction of the substrate.
  • the two wings matching with the two fixed portions of the two adjacent magnets prevent the magnets from separating from the substrate in an axial direction of the substrate, moving relative to the substrate in a radial direction and a circumferential direction of the substrate.
  • the fixed portion is located in the middle part of the magnet in a radial direction of the substrate.
  • the fixed portion has an inner surface abutting against a part of the fixing member to prevent the magnet from moving relative to the substrate radially outward.
  • the component comprises a plurality of magnets and a plurality of fixtures, and there is one fixture between every two adjacent magnets.
  • the magnet has two fixed portions on two sides of the magnet away from each other in a circumferential direction of the substrate.
  • the fixed portion is formed as a groove extending throughout the magnet in a circumferential direction of the substrate.
  • the component comprises a plurality of magnets and one fixture used to fix all of the plurality of magnets to the substrate.
  • the fixture comprises a ring member matching with the fixed portions of the magnets as the fixing member.
  • the fixing member comprises a ring member matching with the fixed portions of the magnets and a plurality of spacing members, wherein each of the plurality of spacing members is located between two adjacent magnets to prevent the magnets from moving relative to each other in the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of spacing members extend from the ring member along an axial direction of the substrate and space from each other in a circumferential direction of the substrate.
  • the ring member and the plurality of spacing members are formed by one piece.
  • the component comprises a plurality of magnets and several fixtures, wherein each of the fixtures fixes more than two magnets to the substrate.
  • the component is a rotor or a stator of a generator.
  • the component is a rotor or a stator of a disc type generator for a railway freight wagon.
  • This disclosure also provides a generator comprising the component of the generator according to this disclosure.
  • the component and the generator can be applied under large ambient temperature variation conditions.
  • Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a rotor in the related art.
  • Fig. 2A schematically illustrates a component of a generator in the first embodiment of this disclosure.
  • Figs. 2B and 2C schematically illustrate a fixture of the component shown in Fig. 2A.
  • Fig. 3A schematically illustrates the component of the generator in the second embodiment of this disclosure.
  • Figs. 3B schematically illustrates magnets and a substrate of the component shown in Fig. 3A.
  • Figs. 3C schematically illustrates the fixture of the component shown in Fig. 3A.
  • Fig. 4A schematically illustrates the component of the generator in the third embodiment of this disclosure.
  • Figs. 4B schematically illustrates the fixture of the component shown in Fig. 4A.
  • Figs. 5A and 5B schematically illustrate variations of the component of the generator in the first embodiment of this disclosure.
  • the first embodiment is a first embodiment.
  • a component of a generator 100 having magnets 20 and a substrate 10.
  • This component 100 may be a rotor or a stator of a disc type generator.
  • the component 100 also has fixtures 40 for fixing the magnets 20 to the substrate 10.
  • the fixtures are means independent of/separating from the substrate 10 and the magnets 20.
  • the magnets 20 can be attached to the substrate 10 by glue 30. However, glue 30 is not necessary.
  • the substrate 10 has a shape of disc or ring.
  • the magnets 20 are attached to a main surface 101 of the substrate 10.
  • the magnets 20 extend substantially along a radial direction of the substrate 10, and are disposed and spaced apart from each other along a circumferential direction of the substrate 10.
  • the magnet 20 has two fixed portions 21 on two sides of the magnet 20 away from each other in the circumferential direction.
  • the two fixed portions 21 are preferably symmetrical with respect to the center line O of the magnet 20 in the circumferential direction.
  • the fixed portions 21 do not extend in the whole length of the magnet 20 in the radial direction. In this embodiment, the fixed portions 21 are located in the middle part of the magnet 20 in the radial direction.
  • the fixed portion 21 is formed by a cutout or groove of the magnet 20 and has or is defined by a bottom surface 210, a side surface 211, an outer surface 212 and an inner surface 213.
  • the bottom surface 210 faces away from the substrate 10 and is substantially parallel to the main surface 101 of the substrate 10.
  • the bottom surface 210 is closer to the substrate 10 than a main surface 214 of the magnet 20.
  • the side surface 211 faces to an adjacent magnet 20 in the circumferential direction of the substrate 10.
  • the outer surface 212 and the inner surface 213 are flat surfaces, and face each other in the radial direction.
  • the outer surface 212 and the inner surface 213 are, in the radial direction, distant from an outer end surface and an inner end surface of the magnet 20, respectively.
  • the outer surface 212 faces inside in the radial direction and the inner surface 213 faces outside in the radial direction.
  • the side surface 211, the outer surface 212 and the inner surface 213 extend from edges of the bottom surface 210 in the axial direction away from the substrate 10.
  • the fixed portions 21 extend in the axial direction, the circumferential direction and the radial direction, but do not penetrate the magnet 20 in these three directions.
  • the fixture 40 has a fixing member 48 and an attaching member 49.
  • the attaching member 49 is a screw.
  • the attaching member 49 can also be a rivet or another member.
  • the fixing member 48 has a body 42 and two wings 41 extending from the body 42 in the circumferential direction of the substrate 10.
  • the two wings 41 of each of the fixing members 48 match with two opposite fixed portions 21 of two adjacent magnets 20.
  • the body 42 is located between and positions the two adjacent magnets 20.
  • the fixing member 48 has a shape of an isosceles trapezoid when viewing in the axial direction.
  • the wing 41 has a bottom surface 410 to abut against the bottom surface 210 of the magnet 20, so as to prevent the magnet 20 from separating from the substrate 10 in the axial direction when the fixing member 48 is attached to the substrate 10 by the screw 49.
  • the wing 41 has a side surface 411 to abut against the side surface 211 of the magnet 20, and thus a form fit is formed between the wing 41 and the magnet 20 in the circumferential direction, so as to prevent the adjacent magnets 20 from moving close to each other in the circumferential direction when the fixing member 48 is attached to the substrate 10.
  • the wing 41 has an outer surface 412 and an inner surface 413 to abut against the outer surface 212 and the inner surface 213 of the magnet 20, respectively, and thus a form fit is formed between the wing 41 and the magnet 20 in the radial direction, so as to prevent the magnet 20 from moving in the radial direction of the substrate 10 when the fixing member 48 is attached to the substrate 10.
  • the body 42 has a connecting portion 421 to connect two wings 41 together and a spacing portion 422 extends from the connecting portion 421 toward the substrate 10.
  • the spacing portion 422 is located between parts of the adjacent magnets 20 under the fixed portions 21 of the magnets 20, and thus a form fit is formed between the body 42 and the magnets 20 in the circumferential direction, so as to prevent the adjacent magnets 20 from moving close to each other in the circumferential direction when the fixing member 48 is attached to the substrate 10.
  • the body 42 (or the fixing member 48) preferably has a thickness in the axial direction substantially the same as that of the magnet 20.
  • the wing 41 preferably has a thickness in the axial direction substantially the same as that of the fixed portion 21 of the magnet 20.
  • the main surface 214 of the magnet 20 and a main surface 414 of the fixing member 48 are in the same plane.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to this, for example, the thickness of the fixing member 48 in the axial direction may be smaller than that of the magnet 20.
  • the through hole 43 has a first part 431 for housing a stem 491 of the screw 49, and a second part 432 for housing a head 492 of the screw 49.
  • the second part 432 has a larger diameter than that of the first part 431.
  • screw holes 13 formed in the substrate 10, which are aligned with the through holes 43 in the fixing member 48.
  • the stem 491 is formed with threads, especially the part to engage with the screw hole 13 of the substrate 10.
  • Fig. 2A some fixtures 40 are omitted to show structure of the magnet 20 and the screw hole 13. It is apparent that a plurality of magnets 20 can be attached to the substrate 10 by the fixtures 40.
  • the number of the fixtures 40 can be the same as the number of the magnets 20.
  • the fixture 40 can prevent two adjacent magnets 20 from separating from the substrate 10 in the axial direction, moving relative to the substrate 10 in the radial direction, and moving close to each other in the circumferential direction.
  • the plurality of fixtures 40 can prevent the plurality of magnets 20 from moving in the axial direction, the radial direction and the circumferential direction, relative to the substrate 10, such that the magnets 20 are attached reliably to the substrate 10.
  • Glue 30 may also exist between the fixture 40 and the substrate 10, that is, between the body 42 and the substrate 10. Glue 30 may also exist between the fixture 40 and the magnet 20, although not shown in Fig. 2A.
  • the method for manufacturing the component 100 is described below.
  • the substrate 10, the magnets 20 and the fixtures 40 are prepared.
  • glue 30 is applied to the substrate 10 and/or the magnets 20 and/or the fixtures 40.
  • the magnets 20 are fixed to the substrate 10 by the fixtures 40, wherein each of the fixing members 48 is positioned between two adjacent magnets 20, and each of the screws 49 is screwed to a corresponding screw hole 13 of the substrate 10.
  • the magnets 20 can be fixed to the substrate 10 by the fixtures 40, before the glue hardens or effects to connect the magnets 20 and the substrate 10. In this case the production cycle can be shortened.
  • the fixture 40 may not protrude than the magnet 20 and the thickness of the component 100 can be maintained small.
  • the structure of the through hole 43 can ensure that the head 492 of the screw 49 does not protrude from the main surface 414 of the fixing member 48 and thus the main surface 214 of the magnet 20, and thus air gap near the magnet 20 can be ensured.
  • the spacing portion 422 can be omitted to reduce weight of the fixture 40 and thus weight of the component 100.
  • the fixing member 48 is a single piece.
  • the material of the fixing member 48 is non-magnetic material such as aluminum, copper and even resin, such as resin enhanced by fibers. In such a case, the fixing member 48 does not affect the magnetic field of the magnets 20.
  • the screw 49 can also be made by non-magnetic material.
  • Figs. 3A to 3C schematically illustrate the component of the generator 200 in the second embodiment of this disclosure.
  • This embodiment has a similar structure as that of the first embodiment and only the differences therebetween will be described hereinafter.
  • the substrate 10 in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment, and screw holes 13 are formed in the substrate 10. Though in Fig. 3B some screw holes 13 are omitted, it is apparent that the screw hole 13 may be provided between every two adjacent magnets 220.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to this, the screw holes 13 can be provided in, for example, every two spaces between the two adjacent magnets 220 so that the number of the screw holes 13 can be reduced.
  • the magnet 220 has a similar structure as the magnet 20 of the first embodiment.
  • the difference between the magnet 220 and the magnet 20 of the first embodiment is that a fixed portion 221 extends over the whole magnet 220 along the circumferential direction of the substrate 10.
  • the fixed portion 221 is formed as a groove or a recess extending throughout the magnet 220 along the circumferential direction.
  • the fixed portion 221 is defined by a bottom surface 221 D, an inner surface 221 E and an outer surface 221 F which extend from the bottom surface 221 D in the axial direction of the substrate 10 and extending along the circumferential direction.
  • the bottom surface 221 D faces away from the substrate 10 and is substantially parallel to the main surface 101 of the substrate 10.
  • the bottom surface 221 D is closer to the substrate 10 than a main surface 224 of the magnet 220.
  • the inner surface 221 E and the outer surface 221 F are curved surfaces and spaced from each other in the radial direction of the substrate 10.
  • a fixture 240 has a fixing member 248 and an attaching member 249.
  • the attaching member 249 is a screw.
  • the fixing member 248 has a ring member 248A and a plurality of spacing members 248B extending from the ring member 248A along the axial direction and spacing from each other in the circumferential direction.
  • the ring member 248A and the plurality of spacing members 248B are formed by one piece.
  • a single ring member 248A is used to match with the fixed portions 221 of a plurality of magnets 220 to prevent the magnets 220 from separating from the substrate 10 in the axial direction, and moving relative to the substrate 10 in the radial direction.
  • the ring member 248A has an inner circumferential surface 248E, an outer circumferential surface 248F opposite to each other, and a bottom surface 248D connecting the inner circumferential surface 248E and the outer circumferential surface 248F.
  • the bottom surface 248D, the inner circumferential surface 248E and the outer circumferential surface 248F match with and abut against the bottom surface 221 D, the inner surface 221 E and the outer surface 221F, respectively.
  • Each of the plurality of spacing members 248B is located between two adjacent magnets 220 to prevent the magnets 220 from moving close to each other in the circumferential direction. Spaces 248C between adjacent spacing members 248B are used to housing magnets 220.
  • the spacing member 248B may substantially abut against the substrate 10.In another case, there may be a gap between the spacing member 248B and the substrate 10. In such a condition, it can ensure that the ring member 248A presses securely the magnets 220 onto the substrate 10.
  • a screw 249 and the through hole 243 in this embodiment may have the same structures as that of the screw 49 and the through hole 43 in the first embodiment.
  • the main surface 224 of the magnet 220 and a main surface 244 of the fixing member 248 are in the same plane.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to this, for example, the thickness of the fixing member 248 in the axial direction may be smaller than that of the magnet 220.
  • glue may also be applied in this embodiment.
  • a single fixing member 248 substitutes the plurality of fixing members 48 in the first embodiment and the fixing member 248 can also be used as a guide for positioning the magnets 220 relative to the substrate 10 when attaching the magnets 220 to the substrate 10.
  • Figs. 4A and 4B schematically illustrate the component of the generator 300 in the third embodiment of this disclosure.
  • a fixing member 348 of a fixture 340 in this embodiment differs from the fixing member 248 of the fixture 240 in the second embodiment in that the fixing member 348 is formed by a ring member and does not have the spacing members 248B in the second embodiment.
  • the fixture 340 in this embodiment can prevent the magnets 220 from separating from the substrate 10 in the axial direction, and moving relative to the substrate 10 in the radial direction.
  • Moving of the magnets 220 relative to the substrate 10 in the circumferential direction can be prevented by friction between the magnets 220 and the fixing member 348 and between the magnets 220 and the substrate 10.
  • glue may also be applied in this embodiment.
  • the fixing member 348 can be divided into two or more member in the circumferential direction, such that these two or more fixing members can be assembled to a ring. This is true for the fixing member 248 in the second embodiment.
  • the magnet 920 has two fixed portions 921 on two sides of the magnet 920 away from each other in the circumferential direction.
  • the fixed portion 921 is formed by a cutout of the magnet 920 on an edge between a main surface 914 away from the substrate 10 and side surface 915 of the magnet 920.
  • the fixed portion 921 has a bottom surface 910, an outer surface 912 and an inner surface 913.
  • the bottom surface 910 substitutes the bottom surface 210 and the side surface 211 in the first embodiment (see Fig. 2A) and inclines relative to, but is not perpendicular to, the main surface 914 and the side surface 915.
  • the fixing member 48 in the first embodiment can be used in this variation by changing the wings 41 such that the wing 41 has a cross section in a shape of triangle in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction.
  • This variation can obtain the similar effects as that in the first embodiment.
  • the magnet 820 has two fixed portions 821 on two sides of the magnet 820 away from each other in the circumferential direction.
  • the fixed portion 821 is formed by a cutout of the magnet 820 on an edge between a main surface 814 away from the substrate 10 and side surface 815 of the magnet 920.
  • the fixed portion 821 has a bottom surface 810, a side surface 811, an outer surface 812 and an inner surface 813.
  • the side surface 811 differs from the side surface 211 in the first embodiment (see Fig. 2A) in that the side surface 811 inclines relative to, but is not perpendicular to, the main surface 814 and the side surface 815.
  • the fixing member 48 in the first embodiment can be used in this variation by changing the wings 41 such that the wing 41 has a cross section in a shape of trapezoid in a direction perpendicular to the radial direction.
  • This variation can obtain the similar effects as that in the first embodiment.
  • the bottom surface 810 in Fig. 5B can also inclines with respect to the main surface 814 of the magnet 820.
  • the inner surface and the outer surface of the fixed portion in Figs. 2A, 5A and 5B, and the inner circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the fixed portion in Fig. 3B can also incline with respect to the main surface of the magnet.
  • the fixed portion in this disclosure can extends to the outside end surface of the magnet in the radial direction of the substrate 10.
  • the fixing member can reliably prevent the magnet from moving relative to the substrate toward outside in the radial direction by the inner surface 213 in Fig. 2A, the inner circumferential surface 221 E in Fig. 3B, the inner surface 913 in Fig. 5A and the inner surface 813 in Fig. 5B.
  • the fixing member can be changed according to the magnet.
  • the number of the magnets is preferably more than one.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to this, for example, even when there is only one magnet on the substrate, two fixtures 40 in Figs. 2A to 2C, or a segment of the fixture 240 in Figs. 3A to 3C, or a segment of the fixture 340 in Figs. 4A and 4B can be used to attach the magnet to the substrate 10.
  • the material of the substrate can be selected by a person skilled in the art properly.
  • the substrate can be made by ferromagnetism material, such as iron.
  • the substrate can be made by non-magnetic material such as aluminum and copper.
  • the magnet of this disclosure can be obtained by machining a magnet. As demagnetization may be caused by machining, preferably, the magnet of this disclosure can be obtained by sintering powder of raw material of the magnet, and then the magnet sintered can be magnetized.
  • This disclosure can be especially applied to applications in which vibration and shock impact is significant, for example, an axle box generator for high speed freight wagons. Needless to say, the application of this disclosure is not limited to railway freight wagons. Even when this disclosure is used to a generator for static or low vibration environment, the attachment of the magnets to the substrate can be facilitated and the production cycle can be shortened.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un composant d'un générateur, de type rotor ou stator, et un générateur ayant le composant, qui est utilisé en particulier pour un wagon de fret ferroviaire. Un composant d'un générateur comprend un substrat dont la forme est celle d'un disque ou d'un anneau et au moins un aimant attaché au substrat, le composant comprenant en outre au moins un élément de fixation qui est un moyen mécanique se séparant de l'aimant et du substrat et servant à presser l'aimant contre le substrat. L'élément de fixation comprend un organe de fixation à apparier à l'aimant et un organe d'attache pour fixer l'élément de fixation au substrat par des trous formés dans l'organe de fixation et le substrat, l'organe de fixation et l'organe d'attache étant formés par un matériau non magnétique.
PCT/CN2017/089391 2017-06-21 2017-06-21 Composant de générateur et générateur ayant le composant WO2018232633A1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2017/089391 WO2018232633A1 (fr) 2017-06-21 2017-06-21 Composant de générateur et générateur ayant le composant

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PCT/CN2017/089391 WO2018232633A1 (fr) 2017-06-21 2017-06-21 Composant de générateur et générateur ayant le composant

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110707845A (zh) * 2019-09-18 2020-01-17 广州通达汽车电气股份有限公司 转子结构及电机

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101083411A (zh) * 2006-05-30 2007-12-05 比亚迪股份有限公司 永磁电机转子磁钢固定结构
CN101882825A (zh) * 2010-05-11 2010-11-10 唐山曹妃甸锂源电动汽车驱动总成有限公司 一种用于电动汽车的电机转子
US20110215666A1 (en) * 2010-03-03 2011-09-08 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Rotary electrical machine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101083411A (zh) * 2006-05-30 2007-12-05 比亚迪股份有限公司 永磁电机转子磁钢固定结构
US20110215666A1 (en) * 2010-03-03 2011-09-08 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Rotary electrical machine
CN101882825A (zh) * 2010-05-11 2010-11-10 唐山曹妃甸锂源电动汽车驱动总成有限公司 一种用于电动汽车的电机转子

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110707845A (zh) * 2019-09-18 2020-01-17 广州通达汽车电气股份有限公司 转子结构及电机

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