WO2018230855A1 - Procédé de fabrication de structure cementale serrée par utilisation d'une impression tridimensionnelle et d'une structure cementale serrée - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de structure cementale serrée par utilisation d'une impression tridimensionnelle et d'une structure cementale serrée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018230855A1
WO2018230855A1 PCT/KR2018/005967 KR2018005967W WO2018230855A1 WO 2018230855 A1 WO2018230855 A1 WO 2018230855A1 KR 2018005967 W KR2018005967 W KR 2018005967W WO 2018230855 A1 WO2018230855 A1 WO 2018230855A1
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Prior art keywords
outer portion
cementitious
filling
hollow
cementitious material
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Application number
PCT/KR2018/005967
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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이승준
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이승준
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Publication of WO2018230855A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018230855A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a method of manufacturing a bonded cementitious structure and a bonded cementitious structure using three-dimensional printing that can be applied to a harbor structure.
  • concrete blocks breakdown
  • Such concrete blocks are mass gravitational structures that are made by cemented material such as mortar being placed in formwork and cured for a period of time.
  • the formwork had to be firmly constructed to support the lateral pressure of the flowable cementitious material until the cementitious material poured in the formwork is cured.
  • the port structure using the concrete block is made in the form of stacking the concrete block, a number of concrete blocks must be manufactured and supplied to the site, and in order to secure the productivity of the concrete block, a plurality of formwork structures are also provided. There was an aspect to be done.
  • the present application is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, it is possible to build a cement-like structure efficiently and stably without installing the formwork, the binding type cementitious structure that can effectively maintain the binding with the neighboring cementitious structure It is an object to provide a manufacturing method and a binding cementitious structure.
  • the cementitious structure manufacturing method (a) laminating the outer portion having a hollow portion on the inside by using a three-dimensional printing for discharging the cementitious material ; And (b) filling a cementitious material into the hollow part, wherein in the step (a), the outer part is laminated in a shape in which the outer part and the side surfaces of the cementitious structure disposed adjacent to each other in the transverse direction are engaged with each other.
  • the step (b) may be performed after the outer portion is cured.
  • the laminate formed by the three-dimensional printing for discharging the cementitious material the outer portion having a hollow inside; And a filling part formed by filling a cementitious material in the hollow part, wherein the outer part may be laminated in a shape in which the outer part and the side of the cementitious structure disposed adjacent to each other in the lateral direction are engaged with each other.
  • the cementitious structure can be manufactured efficiently and stably while reducing the resources and time consumed by the formwork installation. And a cementitious structure of the binding type that can effectively bind the neighboring cementitious structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2a is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a step of laminating a portion of the outer portion performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2b is a schematic perspective view for explaining that the partition is formed inside the portion of the outer portion in the step of laminating a portion of the outer portion performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a step in which the tie bar is performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a step of laminating a portion of the outer portion and the other portion on the tie bar performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 5A and 5B are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining a step in which another part of an outer portion which is repeatedly performed by a method of manufacturing a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is stacked and a tie bar is disposed.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an outer portion of which a wall tension reinforcing net is installed on an inner circumferential surface by a cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 are schematic cross-sectional views and plan views for explaining the step of placing a plurality of vertical tubes in the hollow portion of the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a conceptual view illustrating that mutual positions are fixed through coupling between vertical pipes when a plurality of cementitious structures are stacked according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the step of filling the cementitious material in the hollow portion of the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 11A is a schematic perspective view of a cementitious structure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 11B is a schematic perspective view illustrating a state in which a partition is formed in an outer portion of a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a step in which the horizontal tension reinforcing net is performed by another embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a step of stacking another portion of an outer portion performed by another embodiment of a cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 14a and 14b are for explaining a step of stacking the other part of the outer portion that can be repeatedly performed by another embodiment of the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application and the step of placing the horizontal tension reinforcement mesh A schematic cross section.
  • 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the step of releasing the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh of another embodiment of the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 and 17 are schematic cross-sectional views and plan views for explaining the step of placing a plurality of vertical tubes in the hollow of another embodiment of the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 18A is a plan view of a cementitious structure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 18B is a side view of a cementitious structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 19A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bar member and the separating sheet disposed in a method for manufacturing a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as viewed from a side thereof.
  • 19B is a schematic cross-sectional view in side view illustrating a step of stacking a portion of an outer portion including an upper region of a bar member performed by a cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 19C and 19D are cross-sectional views viewed from above to illustrate a shape in which an outer portion is laminated on an entire lamination area including an upper surface area of a bar member which is performed by a method of manufacturing a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure (in FIG. 19D).
  • 20A is a cross-sectional view from the side for explaining a step of forming an additional laminate performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20B is a cross-sectional side view illustrating a step of arranging a rear support member facing the rear side of the protruding step facing the additional stacking portion performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 20C is a cross-sectional view taken from the side to explain the step of forming a protruding step by further filling the cementitious material between the additional laminate and the back support member performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view from the side for explaining another embodiment of forming a protruding step in the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view from the side for explaining another embodiment of forming a protruding step in the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a side view illustrating a cementitious structure manufactured through another embodiment or another embodiment of a method for manufacturing a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 24A and 24B are plan views illustrating shapes engaged with corresponding protrusions of the outer portion of the cementitious structure in which the recessed portion of the outer portion according to the embodiment of the present application is disposed adjacent to the other direction.
  • FIG. 25 is a side view for explaining a shape in which a protruding stepped portion of an outer portion of a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present application is engaged with a recessed stepped portion of an outer portion of a cementitious structure disposed adjacent to an upper direction.
  • the 12 o'clock direction may be the upper side
  • the 6 o'clock direction may be the lower side
  • 18A the 12 o'clock and 6 o'clock directions may be in the transverse direction (left and right directions)
  • the 9 o'clock direction is in the forward direction
  • the 3 o'clock direction is in the rear.
  • the 12 o'clock direction may be upward, the 6 o'clock direction is downward, the 9 o'clock direction is forward, and the 3 o'clock direction may be backward.
  • the 12 o'clock direction may be one side direction, and the 6 o'clock direction may be the other side direction.
  • the present application relates to a cementitious structure manufacturing method and a cementitious structure.
  • cementitious structure manufacturing method a cementitious structure such as concrete blocks (breakproof), revetment block, impregnated concrete, parapet (parapet) and the like can be formed.
  • amorphous cementitious structures such as sofa blocks, artificial corals, artificial reefs and the like can also be formed.
  • cementitious structures according to the present application can be used in the construction of offshore structures such as berthing facilities, breakwaters, rafting blocks and the like.
  • the cementitious structure manufacturing method (hereinafter referred to as 'the present cementitious structure manufacturing method') according to an embodiment of the present application will be described.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a cementitious structure.
  • 18A is a plan view of a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 18B is a side view of a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 19A is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the steps in which the bar member and the separating sheet are disposed by the present cementitious structure manufacturing method
  • FIG. 19B is a top region of the bar member performed by the present cementitious structure manufacturing method. Is a cross-sectional view viewed from the side for explaining a step of laminating a portion of the outer portion including.
  • 19C is a cross-sectional view seen from above (indicated along the BB line shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 19D is a cross sectional view taken from the side for explaining the shape in which the outer portion is laminated on the entire lamination area including the entire area including the top area of the bar member performed by the present cementitious structure manufacturing method (Fig. 19C).
  • 24A and 24B are plan views for explaining a shape in which the recessed portion of the outer portion according to the embodiment of the present application is engaged with the protrusion of the outer portion of the cementitious structure which is disposed adjacent to the other direction.
  • the method of manufacturing a cementitious structure includes stacking and forming an outer portion 11 having a hollow part 12 therein by using three-dimensional printing for discharging cementitious material (S100). Include.
  • the outer portion 11 may be stacked in one layer as shown in the figure, but is not limited thereto.
  • the outer portion 11 may be formed in two or more layers (horizontal direction). More specifically, the outer portion 11 may be formed as two layers of an outer wall and an inner wall formed at a predetermined interval inward from the outer wall.
  • the outer portion 11 may include an inner frame portion formed to be laminated to reciprocate the spaced portion between the outer wall and the inner wall in a zigzag form.
  • the zigzag shape may mean a reinforcing structure having a form of contact between the outer wall and the inner wall alternately (alternatively).
  • the inner frame portion may be laminated through three-dimensional printing together with the outer wall and the inner wall.
  • the internal frame part may be laminated in various forms to form a rigid structure by interconnecting the outer wall and the inner wall.
  • the outer portion 11 includes at least one protrusion 11b protruding in one direction on one side and at least one recess 11c recessed in one direction on the other side. It may be laminated to form.
  • the outer portion 11 may be stacked in a shape in which the outer portion 11 and the side surfaces of the cementitious structure disposed adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are engaged with each other.
  • the at least one protrusion 11b of the outer portion 11 is a shape that meshes with the at least one recessed portion 11c of the outer portion 11 of the cementitious structure 1 which is disposed adjacent to one side.
  • At least one recessed portion 11c of the outer portion 11 may have a shape that meshes with the protrusion 11b of the at least one outer portion 11 of the cementitious structure 1 disposed adjacent to the other direction. have.
  • not only at least one protrusion 11b but also at least one recess may be formed at one side of the outer portion 11.
  • not only at least one depression 11c but also at least one protrusion may be formed on the other side of the outer portion 11.
  • Position and shape of the protrusion 11b of one side of the outer portion 11 is engaged with the recessed portion 11c of the other side of the cementitious structure neighboring in the transverse direction (12: -6 o'clock based on FIGS. 24A and 24B). It can be formed as.
  • the recessed portion of one side of the outer portion 11 may be formed in a position and shape that is engaged with the protrusion of the other side of the cementitious structure neighboring in the transverse direction.
  • one side surface and the other side surface of the outer portion 11 may have a curved shape having a cross section (viewed from above) cut along the horizontal direction.
  • one side of the outer portion 11 (the side at 12 o'clock in FIG. 24A) and the other side (the side at 6 o'clock in FIG. 24A) in the outer portion 11 may have a wavy shape (sine curve shape).
  • FIG. 24A one side of the outer portion 11 (the side at 12 o'clock in FIG. 24A) and the other side (the side at 6 o'clock in FIG. 24A) in the outer portion 11 may have a wavy shape (sine curve shape).
  • FIG. 24A one side of the outer portion 11 (the side at 12 o'clock in FIG. 24A) and the other side (the side at 6 o'clock
  • the protruding portion 11b of one side of the outer portion 11 is protruded at an angle (in a polygonal shape), and the recessed portion 11c of the other side of the outer portion 11 is formed. It may be in the form of an angled (polygonal) depression.
  • the shape of one side and the other side of the outer portion 11 or the shape of the protruding portion 11b and the recessed portion 11c is not limited only to the curved shape or the angled shape, the outer portion 11 in the transverse direction
  • the outer portion 11 and the side surfaces of the cementitious structure disposed adjacent to each other may be formed in various shapes that may be engaged with each other.
  • the outer portion 11 is formed in a shape in which the outer portion 11 and the side surfaces of the cementitious structure disposed adjacent to each other in the lateral direction are mutually engaged with each other. It is possible to prevent the damage of the rear facilities by preventing the aggregate or material of the rear facilities such as the dead stone of the part 200 to flow forward through the gap between the two cementitious structures, and prevent the damage of the rear facilities (Fig. 24A, Fig. 24B and Fig. With respect to external forces such as the pressure exerted forward (for example, the backfilled stone shown in FIG.
  • the cementitious structure can be resisted together in engagement with the neighboring cementitious structure in the transverse direction.
  • An efficient structure can be built.
  • the sides of the cementitious structures in the form of engaging the protrusion 11b of the outer portion 11 and the recessed portion 11c of the neighboring outer portion 11 are mutually bound, so that the blue waves from the front to the rear of the rear facilities, etc. You can block directly affecting
  • a bar member 20 may be formed to form a depression step in a transverse direction on a front end stacking area of the entire stacking areas in which the outer parts 11 are stacked before the outer parts 11 are stacked. ) May be disposed.
  • the step S100 may include stacking the outer portion 11 on the entire stacking area including the top surface area of the bar member 20.
  • the bar member 20 may be a member extending along the lateral direction.
  • the bar member 20 may be provided as a member having a size larger than the thickness of the outer portion (11).
  • the bar member 20 may be provided in the form of a rectangular beam having a hollow inside.
  • Bar member 20 may be provided with the same or similar material as the formwork.
  • the bar member 20 may be steel.
  • the bar member 20 is provided with a standard and a material capable of supporting the load of the outer portion 11 laminated in step S100 and the load of the cementitious material filled in the hollow portion 12 in step S200 to be described later desirable.
  • the depression step corresponding to the protruding step 1a formed at the upper front end of the cementitious structure 1 is formed.
  • (1b) may be formed at the lower front end of the cementitious structure (1).
  • the step S100 may include a step of stacking the outer portion 11 corresponding to the height at which the cementitious material is filled in the step S200 to be described later. That is, the outer portion 11 may be stacked above the height to fill the cementitious material in the hollow portion 12 therein.
  • the separation sheet 70 may be removed together with the bar member 20 after the step S300 which will be described later.
  • the separation sheet 70 is preferably made of a material that can be easily separated and removed from the filling portion 19 and the outer portion (11).
  • the separation sheet 70 may be a vinyl material such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), but is not limited thereto.
  • Figure 20A is a cross-sectional view from the side for explaining a step of forming an additional laminate performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 20b is a cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application It is a cross-sectional view from the side for explaining the step of arranging the rear support member facing the rear side of the protruding step facing the additional stack to be performed
  • Figure 20c is a cross-sectional view from the side for explaining the step of forming a protruding step by further filling the cementitious material between the additional laminated portion and the back support member performed by the method for producing a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present application. .
  • an additional stack is formed to correspond to the height of the bar member 20 on the front end of the outer portion 11 to form an additional stack 30 for forming the protruding step 1a. It may include a step.
  • the additional stacking part 30 is formed after the hollow part 12 is formed after the outer part 11 is formed in step S100, before the hollow part 12 is filled with cementitious material to form the filling part 19. Can be performed.
  • the method of manufacturing a cementitious structure may include filling a cementitious material in the hollow part 12 (S200). This will be described later in more detail.
  • a protrusion step is formed by using the additional laminate part 30. It may include the step (S300).
  • the temporary hardening means that the cementitious material is not hardened to reach a predetermined strength such as the 28-day strength of concrete, but the rear support member 80 is placed on the cementitious material filled in the hollow part 12.
  • the cementitious material is additionally filled between the additional stacking part 30 and the rear support member 80, the cementitious material part filled in the hollow part 12 does not deform more than a predetermined time due to the added self-weight or the like. This may mean a state in which hardening is advanced.
  • the temporary hardening may be in the progress of hardening of approximately seven days strength level of concrete.
  • the back support member 80 facing the additional stacking part 30 corresponds to the rear surface of the protruding step. May be arranged to.
  • the back support member 80 may face its front side at a distance from the back side of the additional stack 30.
  • the back support member 80 is a member extending along the lateral direction, and both ends of the back support member 80 may be provided and arranged to be supported on the outer portion 11.
  • the step S300 may include filling the cementitious material between the additional stacking part 30 and the rear support member 80 to form the protruding step 1a.
  • both ends of the transverse direction of the space where the cementitious material is additionally filled may be blocked by a temporary member such as a form plate so that the cementitious material that is additionally filled is not leaked. .
  • both ends of the transverse direction of the space where the cementitious material is additionally filled may be closed in a form in which the additional lamination part 30 extends to the both ends of the transverse direction.
  • the additional stacking unit 30 may be further stacked in a 'c' shape when viewed from above.
  • the protruding step 1a may be formed through the additional stack 30, the rear support member 80, and the cementitious material additionally filled therebetween.
  • the protruding step 1a has a shape corresponding to the shape of the depression step 1b formed through the bar member 20 or the bar member 20. It can be formed as.
  • cementitious material additionally filled between the additional laminate 30 and the rear support member 80 and the cementitious material forming the additional filler 60 to be described later may be the same as or similar to the cementitious material filled in the step S200. have.
  • the cementitious material additionally filled between the additional stacking part 30 and the rear support member 80 and the cementitious material forming the additional filling part 60 to be described later and the hollow part 12 are filled in the step S200.
  • the cementitious materials may all be concrete, but the mixing ratio, type of additive, amount of additive, and the like may be set differently from each other as necessary.
  • the back support member 80 may be an L-shaped member such as an L-shaped steel.
  • the rear support member 80 may be disposed such that the lower member bent from the vertical member is located behind the vertical member. That is, the back support member 80 may include a vertical member and a lower member bent backward from the lower end of the vertical member.
  • the rear support member 80 is provided as an L-shaped member, as shown in FIG. 25, when the recessed step 1b of any one cementitious structure is engaged with the protruding step 1a of the cementitious structure neighboring to the lower side. Since a part of the bottom surface (bottom surface) of the cementitious structure is in contact with the supporting member portion of the L-shaped member to form a pressing force downward, the pressing member is pressed against the supporting member so that the vertical member has an external force.
  • the structure can be provided to resist the.
  • the back support member 80 may be provided with a material and size that can resist the side pressure and load applied before the cementitious material filled between the additional stacking portion 30 and the back support member 80 is cured.
  • the rear support member 80 may be provided at a height corresponding to the height of the protruding step 1a to be formed.
  • 25 is a side view for explaining a shape in which the protruding step of the outer portion of the cementitious structure according to the embodiment of the present application is engaged with the recessed step of the outer portion 11 of the cementitious structure 1 which is disposed adjacent to the upper direction.
  • the protruding step 1a may be engaged with the recessed step 1b of the outer portion 11 of the cementitious structure 1 disposed adjacent to each other in the upward direction.
  • the depression step 1b may be formed in a shape in which the protrusion step 1a is recessed in the opposite direction as the protruded shape.
  • the resistance by the protruding step (1a) can be made together.
  • the outflow of the material (for example, the back-filled sandstone) located in the rear can be more fundamentally blocked, the front wave directly affects the rear. Affecting can also be blocked more efficiently.
  • Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view from the side for explaining another embodiment for forming a protruding step in the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 22 is a cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application Sectional view from the side for explaining another embodiment forming a protruding step
  • Figure 23 shows a cementitious structure manufactured through another embodiment or another embodiment of the method for producing a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present application One side view.
  • each of the stepped reinforcement members 40 may be formed. It may include the step of horizontally arranged to protrude to the rear of the front end of the outer portion 11 on the upper surface of the front end of the outer portion (11).
  • the step reinforcing member 40 may be a rebar such as a deformed rebar.
  • a plurality of stepped reinforcing members 40 may be arranged at intervals along the transverse direction in a vertical arrangement, respectively.
  • the transverse spacing may be set to an interval that can cover the design load expected to act on the protruding step 1a. This interval may be set in consideration of the cross-sectional specification of the stepped reinforcing member 40 (for example, the diameter when the stepped reinforcing member is a reinforcing bar).
  • the stepped reinforcing member 40 arranges reinforcing bars having a predetermined diameter at intervals of 200 mm. It can be implemented in a way, but is not limited to this, of course.
  • the step reinforcing member 40 such as reinforcing bar is disposed at a predetermined position, and then the additional laminated portion 30 is three-dimensionally printed.
  • the step S100 may be completed (completed).
  • the step S200 may be performed. The description of the step S200 will be omitted by referring to the contents described in other parts of the present specification.
  • step S300 may be performed.
  • the outer part 11 and the hollow part 12 are filled from the rear surface of the additional stacking part 30.
  • the protruding step 1a may be formed by filling the inclined filling part 60 with cementitious material so that an inclined surface having a downward gradient to the upper surface of the cementitious material portion (filling part) 19 is formed.
  • the inclined filling part 60 may be formed by a worker (manpower) using predetermined equipment.
  • the inclined filling unit 60 may also be formed by the three-dimensional printing equipment.
  • the downward gradient of the inclined surface of the inclined filling unit 60 means an inclined gradient gradually lowered toward the rear.
  • the material of the inclined filling part 60 is also a cementitious material (for example, concrete or cement) that needs to be cured for a predetermined period of time, deformation such as the cementitious material flows down due to its own weight before the hardening is completed.
  • the downward gradient may be set to achieve an inclination angle of less than 45 degrees (1: 1 gradient) so that it can be prevented from occurring.
  • the additional filling part 60 having a predetermined inclined surface on the rear surface (back side) of the additional stacking part 30 in the S300 step.
  • the protruding step 1a is an outer side from the rear side of the further stacking portion 30 and the further stacking portion 30 which are further stacked on the front end of the outer portion 11.
  • Inclined filling portion 60 filled with cementitious material such that an inclined surface having a downward gradient to the upper surface of the portion 11 and the filling portion 19, and the outer portion 11 on the upper surface of the front end of the outer portion 11
  • the horizontally disposed so as to protrude to the rear of the front end of the may be provided to include a plurality of stepped reinforcing members 40 arranged at intervals along the transverse direction to each other.
  • each of the stepped reinforcing members 40 is partially interposed between the front end of the outer portion 11 and the additional stacking portion 30, and the filling portion 19 and the inclined filling portion 60 are respectively. Some may be positioned to interpose the rest. At this time, the stepped reinforcement member 40 may be interposed between the front end of the outer portion 11 and the additional stacking portion 30 by 50% or more and less than 100% of the wall width of the outer portion 11.
  • the stepped reinforcing member 40 has a filling portion 19 and an inclined filling portion 60 within a range in which a predetermined coating thickness (for example, a coating thickness of 2 cm or more) is secured so that the rear end thereof is not exposed to the outside. May be intervened).
  • each of the plurality of step reinforcing members 40 is attached to the rear surface of the front end of the outer part 11 and And vertically placing it in contact with the backside of the additional stack 30.
  • the step reinforcing member 40 may be a rebar such as a deformed rebar.
  • the plurality of step reinforcement members 40 may be arranged at intervals along the transverse direction in a horizontally disposed state.
  • the transverse spacing may be set to an interval that can cover the design load expected to act on the protruding step 1a. This interval may be set in consideration of the cross-sectional specification of the stepped reinforcing member 40 (for example, the diameter when the stepped reinforcing member is a reinforcing bar).
  • the stepped reinforcing member 40 arranges reinforcing bars having a predetermined diameter at intervals of 200 mm. It can be implemented in a way, but is not limited to this, of course.
  • the stepped reinforcing member 40 may be attached in a form that is temporarily fixed to the rear of the front end of the outer portion 11 and the rear of the additional stacking portion (30).
  • the step reinforcing member 40 such as reinforcing bars or steel bars, may be partially (for example, two [two points or more] regions) in front of the outer portion 11 by adhesive or adhesive resin or tape. It may be bonded (provisionally bonded) to one or more of the back of the end and the back of the additional stack 30.
  • the stepped reinforcing member 40 may be temporarily fixed in the form of a partial recess in the rear of the front end and the rear of the additional stacking portion 30, which is not yet completely cured.
  • the adhesion required for this temporary fixing when the surface level rises as the cementitious material is gradually filled in the hollow part 12 in a later step S200, it acts on the stepped reinforcement member 40 by the cementitious material filled It is preferable that the stepped reinforcement member 40 be set to a level that prevents the detachment due to the force.
  • step S200 may be performed.
  • the description of the step S200 will be omitted by referring to the contents described in other parts of the present specification.
  • step S300 may be performed.
  • step S300 after the cementitious material filled in the hollow part 12 is hardened more than the temporary curing, the cementitious material part filled in the outer part 11 and the hollow part 12 is filled from the rear surface of the additional stacking part 30.
  • the inclined filling part 60 may be filled with cementitious material to form a protruding step 1a so that an inclined surface having a downward gradient to the upper surface of the part 19 is formed.
  • the inclined filling part 60 may be formed by a worker (manpower) using predetermined equipment.
  • the inclined filling unit 60 may also be formed by the three-dimensional printing equipment.
  • the downward gradient of the inclined surface of the inclined filling unit 60 means an inclined gradient gradually lowered toward the rear.
  • the material of the inclined filling part 60 is also a cementitious material (for example, concrete or cement) that needs to be cured for a predetermined period of time, deformation such as the cementitious material flows down due to its own weight before the hardening is completed.
  • the downward gradient may be set to achieve an inclination angle of less than 45 degrees (1: 1 gradient) so that it can be prevented from occurring.
  • the additional filling part 60 having a predetermined inclined surface on the rear surface (back side) of the additional stacking part 30 in the S300 step.
  • the protruding step 1a is an outer side from the rear side of the further stacking portion 30 and the further stacking portion 30 which are further stacked on the front end of the outer portion 11.
  • the part of the cementitious material filled in the part 11 and the hollow part 12, that is, the inclined filling part 60 filled with the cementitious material to form a slope having a downward gradient to the upper surface of the filling part 19, and the outer part ( 11) may be provided to include a plurality of stepped reinforcing members 40 are arranged vertically to contact the rear of the front end and the rear of the additional stacking portion 30, and are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction to each other.
  • Each of the stepped reinforcement members 40 is partially interposed between the front end of the outer portion 11 and the filling portion 12, and the remaining portion is interposed between the additional stacking portion 30 and the inclined filling portion 60. May be located.
  • the stepped reinforcement member 40 may be interposed by a predetermined length between the front end of the outer portion 11 and the filling portion 12.
  • the preset length is a stepped reinforcement member for this external force when a predetermined external force (for example, a horizontal force applied from the rear to the front through an adjacent neighboring cementitious structure) acts on the protruding step 1a.
  • the upper portion of the 40 is preferably set to a length long enough to stably bend to shear resistance.
  • the preset length may be set to a length based on predetermined criteria such as structural design criteria, concrete design criteria, road design criteria, etc., which are set for each country. Can be.
  • the stepped reinforcement member 40 has an additional stacking portion 30 and an inclined filling portion 60 within a range in which a predetermined coating thickness (eg, a coating thickness of 2 cm or more) is secured so that the upper end thereof is not exposed to the outside. May be intervened).
  • the length of the stepped reinforcing member 40 protruding upward of the outer portion 11 or the filling portion 19 is due to the external force (mainly a horizontal force from the rear) applied to the protruding stepped jaw 1a. It is preferable that the step reinforcement member 40 is set long enough to resist the shear force and the moment to be applied to.
  • Stepped reinforcement member 40 extending to the rear of the) may be arranged in a plurality in intervals along the transverse direction.
  • the stepped reinforcing member 40 may be a rebar, a steel bar, or the like, but is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a step of stacking a portion of an outer portion performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method
  • FIG. 2B is a part of the outer portion performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application. It is a schematic perspective view for explaining that the partition is formed inside the outer portion in the stacking step.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the step in which the tie bar is performed by the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application It is a schematic sectional drawing for demonstrating the part which the outer part which is performed and another part of an outer part on the tie bar are laminated
  • the outer portion 11 may be three-dimensional printed to include one or more partitions 11a that define the hollow portion 12 therein. That is, the partition wall 11a may be formed by stacking through a three-dimensional printer.
  • the partition wall 11a may be provided in the form of a wall that divides the space of the hollow part 12 across the hollow part 12 in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction.
  • the outer portion 11 may include at least one of one or more partition walls traversing the hollow part 12 in the longitudinal direction and one or more partition walls traversing the hollow part 12 in the transverse direction.
  • the partition 11a may be disposed to resist the side pressure acting on the outer portion 11 before the cementitious material filled in the hollow portion 12 is cured in step S200 to be described later.
  • the number, arrangement interval, thickness, and arrangement direction of the partition wall 11a are sufficiently resistant to the side pressure of the cementitious material filled in the interior of the outer portion 11, and instead of the role of the conventional formwork. It is preferable that the setting is made.
  • the partition 11a may be applied in combination with one or more of the tie bar 14 and the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 to be described later.
  • the three-dimensional printing by layering the discharged material by moving the nozzle by the drive unit while discharging the material through the nozzle of the three-dimensional printer, the three-dimensional shape of the layer can be added (Additive Manufacturing).
  • the outer portion 11 may be formed using the 3D printing.
  • the three-dimensional printer used in the present cementitious structure manufacturing method may include a drive unit in which the nozzle is moved along a two-axis rail (two axes in the horizontal direction), and can be moved up and down in the vertical direction.
  • the three-dimensional printer may include a control unit for controlling the discharge rate and the discharge amount of the cementitious material through the driving of the drive unit and the nozzle.
  • a conventionally known three-dimensional concrete printer may be applied as it is or modified.
  • the method of manufacturing a cementitious structure may be applied in the form of factory manufacturing the cementitious structure, or if necessary, may be applied in the form of manufacturing the cementitious structure at the production site provided near the site where the construction is performed using the manufactured cementitious structure. .
  • the cementitious material discharged by the three-dimensional printing is a material containing cement, for example, but may include cement mortar, concrete and the like, but is not limited thereto.
  • the cementitious material discharged by the three-dimensional printing may include an additive for securing fluidity during movement to the nozzle.
  • the cementitious material may include additives for rapid curing after discharge from the nozzle.
  • the nozzle unit of the 3D printer performing the step S100 may include an additive supply unit to which an additive is supplied to secure a fast curing speed.
  • the nozzle unit may include a mixer unit for more uniformly mixing and discharging the additive supplied through the additive supply unit to the cementitious material.
  • the mixer section may also include an excitation section that applies vibration for mixing the materials.
  • step S100 will be described in more detail.
  • the stacking of the portion 111 and the other portion 115 of the outer portion is made by three-dimensional printing, as described above.
  • step S100 may include stacking a portion 111 of the outer portion.
  • the step S100 may include disposing one or more tie bars 14 on the portion 111 of the outer portion so as to cross the hollow portion 12 on the inner side of the portion 111 of the stacked outer portion. It may include.
  • the tie bar 14 supports a portion 111 of the outer portion and a bar crossing the hollow portion 12, and supports an outer surface of the outer portion 11.
  • a first support plate formed at one end of the bar so as to extend larger than the width (diameter) of the bar, and a second end formed at the other end of the bar to extend larger than the width (diameter) of the bar so as to support the outer surface of the outer portion 11. 2 may include a support plate.
  • the configuration of the tie bar 14 is not limited thereto, and may be disposed to resist the side pressure acting outwardly on the outer portion 11 before the cementitious material filled in step S200 to be described below is completely cured. Combinations of the various configurations present can be utilized.
  • the arrangement interval (horizontal direction interval and height direction interval) and the number of the tie bar 14 is also outside the outer portion 11 before the cementitious material is completely hardened in step S200 to be described later It can be set to the number and arrangement intervals capable of resisting the side pressure acting toward.
  • the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 which is another embodiment to be described later, the same as or similar to the tie bar 14 may be understood.
  • the tie bar 14 may be disposed at a desired position (planned position) on the portion 111 of the outer portion through a configuration of a robot arm, a gripper, a rail structure, a driving unit (for example, a hydraulic driving unit), etc., associated with the three-dimensional printer. Can be.
  • a driving unit for example, a hydraulic driving unit
  • the cassette carrying the one or more tie bars 14 or the gripper holding the one or more tie bars 14 moves while the outer portion moves.
  • the tie bar 14 may be seated on the designed position of the portion 111.
  • the cassette or the gripper may be provided with a three-axis linear drive and a rotatable drive having the z-axis as the rotation axis.
  • the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 which is another embodiment to be described later, the same as or similar to the tie bar 14 may be understood.
  • the step S100 may include a step of stacking a portion 111 of the outer portion and another portion 115 of the outer portion on the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13.
  • Positioning the tie bar 14 and stacking the other part 115 of the outer portion may be performed one or more times.
  • 5A and 5B are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining a step in which another part of an outer portion which is repeatedly performed by a method of manufacturing a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is stacked and a tie bar is disposed.
  • disposing the tie bar 14 and stacking the other portion 115 of the outer portion may be repeatedly performed.
  • the other portion 115 of the outer portion is stacked (see FIG. 4), and then another tie bar 14 on the portion 111, the tie bar 14 and the other portion 115 of the outer portion. ) May be placed (see FIG. 5A), and another portion of the periphery may be stacked (FIG. 5B) on the other tie bars 14 disposed.
  • the tie bars 14 may be disposed two or more times at intervals in the vertical direction (height direction).
  • the tie bar 14 may serve as a resistance member that resists side pressure acting outward on the outer portion 11 before the cementitious material filled in step S200 to be described below is completely cured. . Furthermore, the tie bar 14 may serve to temporarily fix the upper surface of the outer portion of the lamination so that deformation is prevented in the horizontal direction even before the outer portion of the lamination is completely cured. In addition, the tie bar 14 may serve as a horizontal tensile reinforcing member after completion of the present cementitious structure production in the future. For example, when the hook is lifted up on a limb or the like to transport the cementitious structure, the tensile stress may be applied to the inside of the structure while the cementitious structure is deformed by the weight of the cementitious structure. It can also be provided to serve as a member that resists tensile stress in the city.
  • the cementitious structure 1 manufactured by the method of manufacturing the cementitious structure may include one or more tie bars 14 arranged to cross the outer portion 11 and the hollow portion 12 in the horizontal direction.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the outer portion of the wall tension reinforcing net is installed on the inner peripheral surface.
  • the cementitious structure manufacturing method may include installing a wall tension reinforcing mesh 17 along an inner circumferential surface of the outer portion 11 between step S100 and step S200 to be described later.
  • the wall tension reinforcing net 17 may serve as a vertical reinforcement along the outer wall in the cementitious structure 1 manufactured by the present cementitious structure manufacturing method, thereby improving the structural rigidity of the cementitious structure 1.
  • This wall tension reinforcement mesh 17 may be provided with the same or similar to the horizontal tension reinforcement mesh 13.
  • the wall tension reinforcing mesh 17 may be provided in the form of a wire mesh.
  • the wall tension reinforcing net 17 may be disposed in a form of unwinding the roll of the roll by a length corresponding to the top height of the outer portion 11 in a state of being wound in the form of a roll.
  • the wall tension reinforcing mesh 17 when the wall tension reinforcing mesh 17 is disposed together with the tie bars 14, the wall tension reinforcing mesh 17 may be dividedly arranged around the tie bars 14 or arranged in a horizontal direction so as to pass through the tie bars 14. It may be provided in the form of omitting some of the members.
  • the wall tension reinforcing mesh 17 is fixed on the upper end of the outer portion 11 and hanged toward the inner circumferential surface side of the outer portion 11, S200 step in the hollow portion 12 inside the outer portion 11 By filling the cementitious material through, it can be fixed in close contact with the inner peripheral surface (inner wall surface) of the outer portion (11).
  • FIG. 7 and 8 are schematic cross-sectional views and a plan view for explaining the step of placing a plurality of vertical tubes in the hollow portion
  • Figure 9 is a coupling between the vertical tube when a plurality of cementitious structures are laminated according to an embodiment of the present application It is a conceptual diagram for explaining that the mutual position is fixed through.
  • the cementitious structure manufacturing method may include disposing a plurality of vertical tubes 15 in the hollow part 12 between steps S100 and S200.
  • the upper part 151 of the vertical pipe 15 protrudes upward from the upper end of the outer portion 11, and the lower part 153 of the vertical pipe 15 is insertable into the upper protruding upper part 151 of the vertical pipe 15. It may be in the form. Referring to FIG. 7, the lower portion 153 of the vertical pipe 15 may be expanded so that the upper portion 151 may be inserted therein. At this time, the expanded size of the lower portion 153 of the vertical pipe 15 may be set to be somewhat larger than the size that can be accurately fitted in consideration of the limit (construction error) in the placement accuracy during construction.
  • the vertical pipes 15 are formed of the lower cementitious structure 1 when the plurality of cementitious structures 1 are laminated.
  • the upper part of the vertical pipe 15 and the lower part of the vertical pipe 15 of the cementitious structure 1 of the upper side may be disposed at a position where they can be engaged with each other.
  • the vertical pipe 15 is disposed in the transverse direction of the present cementitious structure 1 (see FIG. 9).
  • 9 o'clock to 3 o'clock when disposed at a point about 1/4 of a length and a point about 3/4, the upper edge of the vertical pipe 15 of the lower cementitious structure 1 and the lead of the upper cementitious structure 1
  • the bottom of the straight pipe 15 may be engaged with each other.
  • the cementitious structure 1 manufactured according to the present cementitious structure manufacturing method is not necessarily limited to being laminated as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the present cementitious structure 1 may follow a variety of conventional lamination schemes in which marine structures (port structures), such as concrete blocks (destructive), are stacked, and the vertical pipe 15 may vary accordingly to the placement position. Settings can be changed.
  • the tie bar 14 is preferably provided so that interference with respect to the position where the vertical pipe 15 is to be disposed does not occur in consideration of the arrangement position of the vertical pipe 15.
  • the vertical pipe 15 may be made of a material containing polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the vertical pipe 15 may be a PVC pipe.
  • the closing member 155 is formed at a lower portion 153 of the vertical tube 15 at a height b corresponding to an upward protrusion amount a of the upper portion 151 of the vertical tube 15.
  • the cementitious material may be filled 159 in the vertical pipe 15 on the closing member 155.
  • the cementitious material may also be filled in the vertical pipe 15.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the step of filling the cementitious material in the hollow portion of the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 11a is a schematic view of the cementitious structure manufactured by the present cementitious structure manufacturing method 11B is a schematic perspective view illustrating a state in which a partition wall is formed in an outer portion of a cementitious structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method of manufacturing a cementitious structure includes filling a hollow material 12 with cementitious material 19 (S200).
  • Step S200 may be performed after the outer portion 11 is hardened more than a predetermined level.
  • Forming the filling portion 19 inside the outer portion 11 in step S200 may be made according to a conventional cementitious material filling method. For example, if the cementitious material is mortar or concrete, it may be injected into the hollow portion 12 inside the outer portion 11 via a tremie pipe.
  • the cementitious structure 1 is a concrete block such as a fire-proof
  • a plurality of claws may protrude from the top of the filling unit 19 so as to easily lift and move the concrete block.
  • the picking wire may be provided in a form in which the wire bent in a ring shape protrudes upward of the filling portion 19, and the picking up of such a concrete block is obvious to those skilled in the art of port. Detailed description will be omitted.
  • the cementitious structure 1 as shown in FIG. 11A or 11B may be formed.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a step of placing a horizontal tension reinforcing net is performed by another embodiment of the method for producing a cementitious structure according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 13 is a cementitious according to an embodiment of the present application It is a schematic sectional drawing for demonstrating the step by which another part of the outer part which is performed by another embodiment of the structure manufacturing method is laminated.
  • step S100 may include disposing a horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 on a portion 111 of the outer portion so that the hollow portion 12 inside the portion 111 of the stacked outer portion is covered. Can be.
  • the horizontal tensile reinforcing net 13 may be in the form of a mesh.
  • the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 may be provided (eg, wire mesh mesh) via a tension member such as a wire.
  • the tension member such as a wire may be a material including at least one of aramid fibers and carbon fibers, but is not limited thereto.
  • the size of the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 may be such that its periphery (border) does not protrude outside the outer portion 11 of the cementitious structure 1.
  • the horizontal size and the vertical size of the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 are equal to or less than the horizontal size and the vertical size of the outer surface of the outer portion 11, and the inner surface of the outer portion 11. May be greater than or equal to the horizontal size and the vertical size.
  • the horizontal tension reinforcement mesh 13 is not exposed to the outside of the outer portion 11 as much as possible, thereby minimizing the cutting operation for the part exposed to the outside of the horizontal tension reinforcement mesh 13 in the future.
  • the process since only a portion connected to the vertical post 91 needs to be cut, the process may be simplified, and a process design suitable for automation may be achieved by a three-dimensional printer and an automated driving device associated therewith.
  • the step of arranging the horizontal tension reinforcement mesh 13 may include a portion 111 and an outer portion 11 of the outer portion 11 of the horizontal tension reinforcement mesh 13.
  • the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 provided on the outer part 11 may be fixed to at least three points.
  • three or more fixed points may be made on three or more vertical posts 91 installed outside the outer portion 11.
  • three or more (for example, four in FIG. 17) vertical posts 91 may be disposed outside the outer portion 11, and a peripheral portion of the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13, such as Each vertex portion of the edge of the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 may be fixed to each of the vertical posts 91.
  • the step of placing the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 may be performed even before the portion 111 of the laminated outer portion is completely cured. Even if the portion 111 of the laminated outer portion is hardened, When the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 is fixedly disposed on the portion 111 of the outer portion, the upper surface of the portion 111 of the outer portion of the outer portion may be temporarily fixed to the fixed horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13. Accordingly, the top surface of the portion 111 of the outer portion can be prevented from being undesirably deformed in the horizontal direction by the temporary fixation of the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13, so that the portion 111 of the outer portion can be hardened more stably. have.
  • step S100 may include a step of stacking a portion 111 of the outer portion and another portion 115 of the outer portion on the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13.
  • Placing the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 and stacking the other part 115 of the outer portion may be performed one or more times.
  • 14a and 14b are for explaining a step of stacking the other part of the outer portion that can be repeatedly performed by another embodiment of the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application and the step of placing the horizontal tension reinforcement mesh A schematic cross section.
  • the placing of the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 and the stacking of the other portion 115 of the outer portion may be repeatedly performed.
  • the other portion 115 of the outer portion is stacked (see FIG. 13), and then another horizontal tension on the portion 111, the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13, and the other portion 115 of the outer portion of the outer portion.
  • a reinforcing mesh 13 may be placed (see FIG. 14A), and another portion of the periphery may be stacked (FIG. 14B) on another horizontal tensioned reinforcing mesh 13 disposed.
  • the horizontal tension reinforcing net 13 may be disposed two or more times at intervals in the vertical direction.
  • the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 may serve as a resistance member that resists side pressure acting outwardly on the outer portion 11 before the cementitious material filled in step S200 to be described below is completely cured. Can be. Furthermore, the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 may serve to temporarily fix the upper surface of the outer portion of the lamination to prevent deformation in the horizontal direction even before the outer portion of the lamination is completely cured. In addition, the horizontal tensile reinforcing net 13 may serve as a horizontal tensile reinforcing member after completion of the present cementitious structure.
  • the tensile stress may be applied to the inside of the structure while the cementitious structure is deformed by the weight of the cementitious structure. It can also be provided to serve as a member that resists tensile stress during transportation.
  • the cementitious structure 1 manufactured by the method of manufacturing the cementitious structure may include one or more horizontal tension reinforcing meshes 13 arranged to cross the outer portion 11 and the hollow portion 12 in the horizontal direction. . Accordingly, the rigidity with respect to the horizontal tensile force of the cementitious structure 1 can be reinforced. Specifically, after the outer portion 11 including one or more horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 crossing the outer portion 11 and the hollow portion 12 in the horizontal direction is completed, by the step S200 to be described later, hollow When the cementitious material is filled in the part 12 (see FIG. 10), the horizontal tensile reinforcing mesh 13 may serve as a kind of horizontal tensile reinforcing in the cementitious structure 1, thereby improving the structural rigidity of the cementitious structure 1. have.
  • the present cementitious structure manufacturing method can increase the rigidity of the cementitious structure 1 compared to the bare concrete structure while manufacturing the cementitious structure 1 without using reinforcing bars by arranging the horizontal tensile reinforcing mesh 13.
  • the horizontal tension reinforcement net 13 may also serve as a temporary fixation when forming the outer portion can be made faster and more stable cementitious structure production.
  • 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the step of releasing the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh of another embodiment of the cementitious structure manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the step S100 may include a step of releasing the fixation of the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 to the outside of the outer portion 11 after the stacking of the other portion 115 of the outer portion.
  • the step may be performed by cutting a portion of the mesh exposed to the outer side of the outer portion 11 of the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13. Accordingly, in this step, the connection of the vertical post 91 and the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 may be released.
  • the vertical post 91 may be removed during or after performing the step.
  • the present method for manufacturing a cementitious structure includes installing a wall tension reinforcing mesh 17 along an inner circumferential surface of the outer portion 11 between step S100 and step S200 to be described later. It may include.
  • the wall tension reinforcing net 17 may serve as a vertical reinforcement along the outer wall in the cementitious structure 1 manufactured by the present cementitious structure manufacturing method, thereby improving the structural rigidity of the cementitious structure 1.
  • the wall tension reinforcement mesh 17 may be provided in a form in which a member in the horizontal direction is partially omitted so that the wall tension reinforcement mesh 17 may be disposed to pass through the horizontal tension reinforcement mesh 13.
  • the wall tension reinforcing mesh 17 is fixed on the upper end of the outer portion 11 and hanged toward the inner circumferential surface side of the outer portion 11, S200 step in the hollow portion 12 inside the outer portion 11 By filling the cementitious material through, it can be fixed in close contact with the inner peripheral surface (inner wall surface) of the outer portion (11).
  • 16 and 17 are schematic cross-sectional views and plan views for explaining the step of placing a plurality of vertical tubes in the hollow portion.
  • the cementitious structure manufacturing method may include disposing a plurality of vertical tubes 15 in the hollow part 12 between steps S100 and S200.
  • the upper part 151 of the vertical pipe 15 protrudes upward from the upper end of the outer portion 11, and the lower part 153 of the vertical pipe 15 is insertable into the upper protruding upper part 151 of the vertical pipe 15. It may be in the form. Referring to FIG. 16, the lower portion 153 of the vertical pipe 15 may be expanded so that the upper portion 151 may be inserted therein.
  • the vertical pipes 15 are formed of the lower cementitious structure 1 when the plurality of cementitious structures 1 are laminated.
  • the upper part of the vertical pipe 15 and the lower part of the vertical pipe 15 of the cementitious structure 1 of the upper side may be disposed at a position where they can be engaged with each other.
  • the vertical pipe 15 is disposed in the transverse direction of the present cementitious structure 1 (see FIG. 9).
  • 9 o'clock to 3 o'clock when disposed at a point about 1/4 of a length and a point about 3/4, the upper edge of the vertical pipe 15 of the lower cementitious structure 1 and the lead of the upper cementitious structure 1
  • the bottom of the straight pipe 15 may be engaged with each other.
  • the cementitious structure 1 manufactured according to the present cementitious structure manufacturing method is not necessarily limited to being laminated as shown in FIG. 9.
  • the present cementitious structure 1 may follow a variety of conventional lamination schemes in which marine structures (port structures), such as concrete blocks (destructive), are stacked, and the vertical pipe 15 may vary accordingly to the placement position. Settings can be changed.
  • the horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 is preferably provided so that interference with respect to the position where the vertical pipe 15 should be arranged does not occur.
  • the vertical pipe 15 may be made of a material containing polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the vertical pipe 15 may be a PVC pipe.
  • the closing member 155 is formed at the lower portion 153 of the vertical tube 15 at a height b corresponding to the upward protrusion amount a of the upper portion 151 of the vertical tube 15.
  • a cementitious material may be filled 159 into the vertical tube 15 on the closing member 155.
  • the cementitious material may also be filled in the vertical pipe 15.
  • the cementitious structure 1 can be manufactured without the need for formwork, thereby reducing the resources and time consumed in the formwork installation.
  • a cementitious structure such as a harbor structure such as a concrete block (breakproof), a raft block, or an offshore structure can be manufactured.
  • the cementitious structure manufacturing method after step S100, may include the step of additionally forming an amorphous shape to form an amorphous surface on the outer surface of the outer portion 11 using the three-dimensional printing.
  • step S100 may be between step S100 and step S200, and may mean after step S200. This may be determined in consideration of the construction period, the construction environment, the curing state of the outer portion, and the like.
  • the outer portion 11 formed through the step S100 is formed by three-dimensional printing, it is not necessarily limited to being formed in a hexahedral shape as shown in the drawings.
  • the outer portion 11 may be formed in a more free shape within the limits allowed by the vertical lamination method by three-dimensional printing.
  • the outer portion 11 instead of omitting the formwork, the outer portion 11 should also play the role of the omitted formwork, so the degree of freedom in the shape design of the outer portion 11 may be somewhat limited in consideration of the behavior as the outer formwork. .
  • the three-dimensional printing in the step of adding the atypical shape may include discharging and spreading the material on the outer surface of the outer portion 11 and further stacking the material on the outer side of the outer portion 11. It may be made using at least one of.
  • the method of manufacturing a cementitious structure may include forming an amorphous shape to form an amorphous surface on the outer surface of the outer portion 11 by using three-dimensional printing, thereby forming an amorphous cementitious structure.
  • the material discharged by the three-dimensional printing is not necessarily limited to the cementitious material, various discharge materials for three-dimensional printing may be utilized according to the nature of the amorphous structure to be produced.
  • the three-dimensional printing may be performed by discharging a material including oyster shell, rosin, etc. to enable habitation of aquatic organisms such as seaweed and shellfish.
  • An atypical shape can be formed.
  • the present cementitious structure 1 is a structure that can be produced by the above-described method for producing a cementitious structure, and shares the same or corresponding technical features and configurations as the present method for producing a cementitious structure. Therefore, descriptions overlapping with those described in the method of manufacturing the cementitious structure will be briefly or omitted, and the same reference numerals will be used for the same or similar components.
  • the cementitious structure 1 is laminated by three-dimensional printing for discharging cementitious material, and has an outer portion 11 having a hollow portion 12 therein. And a filling portion 19 formed by filling the hollow portion 12 with cementitious material.
  • the outer portion 11 may be stacked in a shape in which the outer portion and the side surfaces of the cementitious structure disposed adjacent to each other in the lateral direction are engaged with each other. Since it has been described above, a more detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the cementitious structure 1 may include a protruding step 1a and a recess step 1b.
  • the protruding step 1a is formed to protrude upward on the front end of the outer portion 11 and the filling portion 19.
  • the recessed step 1b is recessed upwardly below the front end of the outer portion 11 and the filling part 19, but is formed in correspondence with the shape of the protruding step 1a.
  • the protruding step 1a is further laminated part 30 which is further laminated on the front end of the outer part 11, the outer part 11 and the filling part so that it may face back spaced apart with respect to the further laminated part 30.
  • a back support member 80 disposed on 19 and an additional fill portion formed by filling the cementitious material between the additional stacking portion 30 and the back support member 80.
  • the back support member 80 is an L-shaped member, and may be disposed such that a lower member bent from the vertical member is located behind the vertical member.
  • the protruding step 1a is further laminated 30, further laminated on the front end of the outer portion 11, further Inclined filling part 60 filled with cementitious material to form a slope having a downward gradient from the rear surface of the stacking portion 30 to the upper surface of the outer portion 11 and the filling portion 19, and the front of the outer portion 11
  • Each of the stepped reinforcement members 40 may be horizontally disposed to protrude to the rear of the front end of the outer portion 11 on the upper surface of the end portion, and arranged at intervals along the transverse direction.
  • Each of the stepped reinforcement members 40 is partially interposed between the front end of the outer portion 11 and the additional stacking portion 30, and the remaining portion is interposed between the filling portion 19 and the inclined filling portion 60. May be located.
  • the protruding step 1a is further laminated portion 30 is further laminated on the front end of the outer portion 11, Slope filled with cementitious material to form a portion of the cementitious material filled in the outer part 11 and the hollow part 12, that is, an inclined surface having a downward gradient from the rear surface of the additional stacking part 30 to the upper surface of the filling part 19.
  • a plurality of stepped reinforcing members arranged vertically to contact the back of the filling portion 60 and the rear of the front end of the outer portion 11 and the rear of the additional stacking portion 30, respectively, and are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction of each other ( 40).
  • Each of the stepped reinforcement members 40 is partially interposed between the front end of the outer portion 11 and the filling portion 12, and the remaining portion is interposed between the additional stacking portion 30 and the inclined filling portion 60. May be located.
  • the outer portion 11 may include one or more partition walls 11a that define the hollow portion 12. One or more of these partition walls 11a may be arranged to resist side pressure applied to the outer portion 11 before the cementitious material of the filling portion 19 is cured.
  • the outer portion 11 includes a portion 111 of the outer portion, one or more tie bars 14 disposed on the portion 111 of the outer portion so as to cross the hollow portion 12 inside the portion 111 of the outer portion and the outer portion.
  • the portion 111 and the other portion 115 of the outer portion stacked on the tie bar 14 may be included.
  • the outer portion 11 includes a portion 111 of the outer portion, a horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13 disposed on the portion 111 of the outer portion so that the hollow portion 12 inside the portion 111 of the outer portion is covered and a portion of the outer portion. 111 and the other portion 115 of the outer portion stacked on the horizontal tension reinforcement mesh 13.
  • the outer portion 11 may include at least one or more of the aforementioned partition wall 11a, tie bar 14, and horizontal tension reinforcing mesh 13.
  • the present cementitious structure 1 may include a plurality of vertical tubes 15 disposed in the hollow part 12.
  • the upper portion 151 of the vertical pipe 15 may protrude upward from the upper end of the outer portion 11.
  • the lower part 153 of the vertical pipe 15 may have a shape into which the upper part 151 protruding upward of the vertical pipe 15 may be inserted.
  • the present application can provide a structure construction method using a cementitious structure according to the embodiment of the present application described above.
  • the structure construction method is a construction method using the above-mentioned cementitious structure, and shares the same or corresponding technical features and configurations as the present cementitious structure. Therefore, a description overlapping with the above description will be briefly or omitted, and the same reference numerals will be used for the same or similar components.
  • the construction method may include preparing one or more cementitious structures.
  • the preparation step may include one or more of preparing at least one cementitious structure and transferring the manufactured cementitious structure to a construction site.
  • the construction method may include placing one of the cementitious structures in a predetermined position.
  • the disposing step is to arrange one of the cementitious structures according to the plan at the position where the structure is to be constructed, and may be performed by using construction machinery such as a crane.
  • the batching step may be performed one or more times. 9 and 25, in the case of a structure constructed by stacking a plurality of cementitious structures, the disposing step may include stacking another cementitious structure on the pre-arranged cementitious structure.
  • the method for constructing a structure may be utilized when constructing various marine structures such as an eyepiece facility, a breakwater, a raft block, and the like.
  • the application field of the structure construction method is not limited thereto, and may be applied to structures of various fields that may be constructed using cementitious structures.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de structure cementale. Le procédé de fabrication de structure cementale comprend les étapes consistant à : (a) stratifier/former une partie périphérique externe ayant une partie creuse à l'intérieur de celle-ci en utilisant une impression tridimensionnelle par laquelle un matériau cemental est déchargé; et (b) remplir la partie creusée avec un matériau cemental, le remplissage de la partie de maintien avec un matériau cemental, dans lequel, dans l'étape (a), la partie périphérique externe est stratifiée/formée de telle sorte qu'une surface latérale de celle-ci vienne en prise avec une surface latérale d'une partie périphérique externe d'une structure cementale agencée de façon à être adjacente à celle-ci dans la direction transversale, et l'étape (b) est effectuée après que la partie périphérique externe soit durcie. L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de structure cementale. Le procédé de fabrication de structure cementale comprend les étapes consistant à : (a) stratifier/former une partie périphérique externe ayant une partie creuse à l'intérieur de celle-ci en utilisant une impression tridimensionnelle par laquelle un matériau cemental est déchargé; et (b) remplir la partie creusée avec un matériau cemental, le remplissage de la partie de maintien avec un matériau cemental, dans lequel, dans l'étape (a), la partie périphérique externe est stratifiée/formée de telle sorte qu'une surface latérale de celle-ci vienne en prise avec une surface latérale d'une partie périphérique externe d'une structure cementale agencée de façon à être adjacente à celle-ci dans la direction transversale, et l'étape (b) est effectuée après que la partie périphérique externe soit durcie.
PCT/KR2018/005967 2017-06-12 2018-05-25 Procédé de fabrication de structure cementale serrée par utilisation d'une impression tridimensionnelle et d'une structure cementale serrée WO2018230855A1 (fr)

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KR10-2017-0072988 2017-06-12
KR1020170072988A KR101828285B1 (ko) 2017-06-12 2017-06-12 3차원 프린팅을 활용한 결속형 시멘트질 구조체 제조 방법 및 결속형 시멘트질 구조체

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CN111272515A (zh) * 2020-04-01 2020-06-12 同济大学 用于3d打印混凝土与钢筋黏结性能测试的试件制作装置
AT16644U3 (de) * 2019-11-25 2020-08-15 Rib Saa Software Eng Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fertigteilelements, Schalungselement hierfür sowie dadurch hergestelltes Fertigteilelement
CN115194090A (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-10-18 共享智能装备有限公司 一种3d打印砂型及铸造方法
WO2023014219A1 (fr) * 2021-08-04 2023-02-09 Cybe Construction Bv Procédé de fabrication d'un module de construction à l'aide d'une impression de béton en 3d
EP4349554A1 (fr) * 2022-10-04 2024-04-10 Holcim Technology Ltd Procédé de fabrication d'une dalle en béton précontraint

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KR101828285B1 (ko) * 2017-06-12 2018-02-12 이승준 3차원 프린팅을 활용한 결속형 시멘트질 구조체 제조 방법 및 결속형 시멘트질 구조체

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CN111272515A (zh) * 2020-04-01 2020-06-12 同济大学 用于3d打印混凝土与钢筋黏结性能测试的试件制作装置
WO2023014219A1 (fr) * 2021-08-04 2023-02-09 Cybe Construction Bv Procédé de fabrication d'un module de construction à l'aide d'une impression de béton en 3d
CN115194090A (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-10-18 共享智能装备有限公司 一种3d打印砂型及铸造方法
EP4349554A1 (fr) * 2022-10-04 2024-04-10 Holcim Technology Ltd Procédé de fabrication d'une dalle en béton précontraint
WO2024074994A1 (fr) * 2022-10-04 2024-04-11 Holcim Technology Ltd Procédé de fabrication d'une dalle en béton à partir de béton précontraint

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