WO2018228136A1 - 一种高性能海底柔性储油系统 - Google Patents

一种高性能海底柔性储油系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018228136A1
WO2018228136A1 PCT/CN2018/087628 CN2018087628W WO2018228136A1 WO 2018228136 A1 WO2018228136 A1 WO 2018228136A1 CN 2018087628 W CN2018087628 W CN 2018087628W WO 2018228136 A1 WO2018228136 A1 WO 2018228136A1
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Prior art keywords
oil storage
flexible oil
flexible
storage tank
tank
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PCT/CN2018/087628
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许良彪
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上海杰碧管道工程有限公司
许良彪
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Priority to US16/621,739 priority Critical patent/US11738287B2/en
Priority to MX2019014722A priority patent/MX2019014722A/es
Priority to EP18817763.8A priority patent/EP3640158B1/en
Publication of WO2018228136A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018228136A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/12—Auxiliary equipment particularly adapted for use with liquid-separating apparatus, e.g. control circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/78—Large containers for use in or under water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/021—Flexible side walls or doors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
    • B65D90/50—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices of leakage-indicating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
    • B65D90/50—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices of leakage-indicating devices
    • B65D90/501—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices of leakage-indicating devices comprising hollow spaces within walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • F17D1/14—Conveying liquids or viscous products by pumping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of storage of crude oil in offshore oil fields, in particular to a high performance subsea flexible oil storage system.
  • offshore oil and gas fields will develop rapidly in the next 10-20 years.
  • the storage of crude oil in offshore oil fields or other chemical liquid storage will be an important part of the future underwater oil production plant.
  • remote offshore oil fields it is generally required after the production of seabed crude oil. - 10 days of short storage period, so offshore oil storage equipment is essential for the development of long-range offshore oil fields, which makes it more economical to invest in oil storage tanks that can be periodically unloaded/refueled than to invest in long-distance transportation of submarine pipelines. .
  • the marine oil storage methods mainly include: floating storage tanker (FSO), underwater concrete gravity storage tank and underwater steel storage tank.
  • the underwater steel storage tank is divided into oil-water mixed storage tank or oil-water separation. Type storage tank.
  • the Floating Storage Tanker (FSO) was first installed in the Castellon field in 1977. Since 1992, due to the extensive demand in the development of independent marginal oil and gas fields and the ease of use of the conventional offshore oil and gas field development sample engineering phase, FSO has been Wide industry recognition.
  • Underwater storage tanks, including concrete gravity storage tanks and steel storage tanks, are fixed oil storage equipment suitable for large-capacity storage needs in shallow-sea oil and gas fields.
  • FSO floating storage tankers
  • the installation time is long; the steel storage tank of the waterless/oil separator will accumulate the emulsion layer due to the mixing of water and oil; the steel storage tank with the water/oil separator will be replaced by oil and water when unloading the oil.
  • the principle requires advanced seawater, which uses seawater pressure to squeeze out the oil in the membrane. The incoming seawater will cause corrosion to the inner wall of the steel, and there is a high risk of internal leakage; toxic substances are settled; maintenance is difficult; equipment removal is difficult and abandoned. High cost; not mobile.
  • the utility model provides a high-performance submarine flexible oil storage system, which solves the problems of high storage cost and difficult maintenance of crude oil in offshore oil fields in the prior art.
  • a high performance subsea flexible oil storage system comprising a water separator, a pressure pump and an input riser connected in series, the input riser extending downward below the sea level;
  • each flexible oil storage tank is connected to the pipeline through a control valve, and the input riser passes through the blocking valve and the input valve and one end of the pipeline Connected
  • the other end of the pipeline is further connected with an outlet boosting pump, an output valve and an output riser, the output riser extending upwardly above the sea level, and the output riser is connected to the oil tank through a cooler and an output pump;
  • a concrete weight for fixing it to the seabed is attached below the flexible oil storage tank.
  • the pipeline is further provided with a central shut-off valve between the two flexible oil storage tanks.
  • the bottom of the flexible oil storage tank is further connected with a sand bag through a flange, and the sand bag is connected to the oil water separator through a circulation line.
  • the flexible oil storage tank is a compressible flexible tank body
  • the tank wall is composed of an inner tank, an outer tank and an intermediate gap layer, and the gap layer is sandwiched by a plurality of
  • the utility model is composed of an inner block and an outer block between the outer cans.
  • the flexible oil storage tank is provided with a reinforcing cap at the top and bottom intermediate positions, and the upper reinforcing cap is connected with an oiling/unloading pipe that opens into the inside of the flexible oil storage tank.
  • a plurality of optical fiber strain/stress monitors are disposed on an outer surface of the outer can, and a plurality of leak detecting sensors are disposed between the inner and outer cans;
  • the top of the flexible oil storage tank is further provided with a data collector electrically connected to the fiber strain/stress monitor and the leak detection sensor.
  • the flexible oil storage tank and the concrete weight are connected by a UHWPE cable, and between the flexible oil storage tank and the UHWPE cable, and between the UHWPE cable and the concrete weight are rotated. Shackle or universal joint connection.
  • the UHWPE cable is at least two.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the flexible oil storage tank of the utility model adopts a compressible flexible tank body, which can perform oiling and unloading operations, tank replacement maintenance, transportation, inspection and maintenance.
  • the operation is more convenient.
  • the crude oil enters the pipeline through the oil-water separator, the pressure pump and the input riser, and finally enters the flexible oil storage tank through the control valve, thereby achieving oil injection.
  • the blocking valve and the input valve can be closed, and the crude oil in the flexible oil storage tank enters the output riser through the control valve, the pipeline, the outlet booster pump, etc., and finally is sent to the oil tanker through the cooler and the output pump. On, and then achieve unloading.
  • a central shut-off valve between the two flexible oil storage tanks is arranged on the pipeline, and the central shut-off valve can be closed, the flexible oil storage tank on one side carries out oil filling operation, and the flexible oil storage tank on the other side performs oil unloading operation. Simultaneously carry out oiling and unloading, which greatly improves the efficiency of the operation.
  • the sandbag connected at the bottom of the flexible storage tank can filter out the sand and gravel in the water, and then transport it to the oil-water separator through the circulation pipeline for treatment, so that the water discharge in the flexible storage tank reaches the standard.
  • the tank wall of the flexible oil storage tank is set to a three-layer structure, and the innermost inner tank can be reinforced by high polymer and non-metal fiber to form a high-strength, seawater-resistant inner wall; and the outermost outer
  • the canister can also be reinforced by high polymer and non-metal fiber, mainly for protection, bearing external impact, scratching, seawater corrosion and microbial erosion; the inner and outer cans are separated by spacers. Forming an intermediate gap layer to maintain heat and heat, ensuring that the temperature in the flexible oil storage tank can always keep the crude oil in a liquid state.
  • Reinforcement caps on the top and bottom of the flexible storage tank prevent local stress and strain concentrations in the flexible reservoir, and crude oil is injected and unloaded through the tubing on the upper reinforcement cap.
  • the fiber strain/stress monitor is evenly distributed on the outside of the outer tank to monitor the strain and stress of the flexible tank in real time to ensure that it is in normal working condition; and the leak detection sensor is evenly distributed in several places in the intermediate gap layer. Detecting conditions in the tank wall gap to detect the presence of leaks in the flexible tank, and finally summarizing through the data collector at the top of the flexible tank.
  • the flexible storage tank can be quickly connected and disassembled by connecting the UHWPE cable between the flexible storage tank and the concrete weight, and at least two UHWPE cables can ensure the normal operation of the flexible storage tank when one of them breaks. .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a flexible oil storage tank in the embodiment
  • 1-oil water separator 2-pressure pump; 3-input riser; 4-line; 5--flexible oil storage tank one; 6-flexible oil storage tank two; 7-flexible oil storage tank three; 8- Flexible oil storage tank four; 9-control valve; 10-blocking valve; 11-input valve; 12-outlet booster pump; 13-output valve; 14-output riser; 15-cooler; 16-output pump; - tanker; 18-concrete weight; 19-central stop valve; 20-flange; 21-sandbag; 22-circulation line; 23-outer canister; 24-inner canister; 25-isolation block; Cap; 27-lower reinforcement cap; 28-oiling/unloading pipe; 29-data collector; 30-UHWPE cable; 31-universal joint.
  • FIG. 1 which is an embodiment of the high performance subsea flexible oil storage system of the present invention
  • the embodiment includes a water separator 1 , a pressure pump 2 and an input riser 3 connected in series, and the input riser 3 Downward below sea level; below the sea level, there are pipelines 4 and a plurality of (four illustrated) flexible storage tanks, respectively, flexible storage tanks 5, flexible storage tanks 2 Flexible storage tanks 3 and flexible storage tanks 4, 8 and only flexible storage tanks 5 are shown, and the remaining three flexible storage tanks are simply indicated.
  • Each of the flexible oil storage tanks is in communication with the line 4 through a control valve 9, which is in communication with one end of the line 4 through the blocking valve 10 and the input valve 11; the other end of the line 4 is also connected to an outlet booster pump in turn. 12.
  • the concrete weight 18 is fixed on the seabed.
  • the unloading operation is carried out to realize the simultaneous operation of oiling and unloading, which greatly improves the efficiency of the operation.
  • the flexible oil storage tank 5 and the flexible oil storage tank 2 can perform oil filling operations
  • the flexible oil storage tank 3 7 and the flexible oil storage tank 4 8 perform oil discharge operations. .
  • the embodiment is also connected with a sand bag 21 through the flange 20 at the bottom of the flexible oil storage tank.
  • the sand bag 21 is connected to the oil-water separator 1 through the circulation line 22, so that the sand and gravel in the water can be filtered out, and then sent to the oil-water separator 1 through the circulation line 22 for treatment, so that the water discharge in the flexible oil storage tank reaches the standard. .
  • the entire flexible oil storage tank is a compressible flexible tank body, so that oiling and unloading operations, tank replacement maintenance, transportation, inspection and The operation of the maintenance is more convenient, and the shape can be designed as a sphere, a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, an ellipsoid or any other shape, and the tank wall is composed of the inner can 24, the outer can 23 and the intermediate gap layer, the gap The layer consists of a plurality of spacers 25 sandwiched between the inner canister 24 and the outer canister 23.
  • the inner canister 24 and the outer canister 23 provide double protection for liquid leakage prevention in the flexible oil storage tank.
  • the inner and outer canisters are composed of a composite reinforced non-metallic material, and the inner canister 24 is used for accommodating flexible oil storage.
  • the fluid in the tank such as crude oil or chemical medium, is used to withstand external impact loads such as impact of anchors, as well as scratches, microbial erosion and seawater corrosion.
  • the gap layer is a layer of insulation and heating to ensure flexibility. The temperature inside the storage tank can always keep the crude oil in a liquid state.
  • a reinforcing cap that is, an upper reinforcing cap 26 and a lower reinforcing cap 27, are disposed at the top and bottom intermediate positions of the flexible oil storage tank to prevent local stress and strain concentration of the flexible oil storage tank, and the upper reinforcing cap 26 is connected with the access.
  • a plurality of optical fiber strain/stress monitors are disposed on the outer surface of the outer canister 23 for monitoring the strain and stress of the flexible oil storage tank in real time to ensure that it is in a normal working state; the inner canister 24 and the outer canister 23 are A plurality of leak detecting sensors are arranged to detect whether there is a leak in the flexible oil storage tank by detecting the condition in the gap layer of the tank wall; the top of the flexible oil storage tank is further provided with an optical fiber strain/stress monitor and a leak detecting sensor. Data collector 29.
  • the flexible oil storage tank and the concrete weight 18 are connected by a UHWPE cable 30, between the flexible oil storage tank and the UHWPE cable 30, and between the UHWPE cable 30 and the concrete weight 18 by a rotary shackle or 10,000
  • the connection to the joint 31 enables quick installation and disassembly of the flexible oil storage tank, and in order to ensure the normal operation of the flexible oil storage tank, the UHWPE cable 30 in this embodiment is at least two, and in the case of one of the fractures, Make sure you are working properly.
  • the high performance subsea flexible oil storage system of the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance and good practicability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

一种高性能海底柔性储油系统，解决了现有技术中海上油田原油储存成本高、维护困难的问题。该储油系统包括依次相连的油水分离器（1）、压力泵（2）和输入立管（3），输入立管（3）向下伸入海平面以下；海平面以下设有管线（4）和多个结构相同的柔性储油罐，每个柔性储油罐均通过控制阀（9）与管线（4）连通，输入立管（3）通过阻塞阀（10）和输入阀（11）与管线（4）的一端连通；管线（4）的另一端还依次连接有出口增压泵（12）、输出阀（13）和输出立管（14），输出立管（14）向上伸出海平面以上，输出立管（14）通过冷却器（15）、输出泵（16）连接油轮（17）；柔性储油罐的下方连接有用于将其固定在海床上的混凝土配重（18）。高性能海底柔性储油系统结构简单、维护方便，具有很好的实用性。

Description

一种高性能海底柔性储油系统 技术领域
本实用新型涉及海上油田原油的储存技术领域，特别是指一种高性能海底柔性储油系统。
背景技术
海上油气田开发将在未来10-20年快速发展，海上油田原油储存或其他化学液体储存将是未来水下采油工厂的一个重要组成部分，远程海上油田开发过程中，海底原油采出后一般需要7-10天的短暂储存期，因此海上储油设备是远程海上油田发展必不可少的，这使得投资可周期性卸油/加油的储油罐比投资建造长距离运输的海底管道更有经济效益。
现今海上储油方法主要包括：浮式储油船(FSO)、水下混凝土重力储罐和水下钢储罐三种方式，其中的水下钢储罐又分为油水混合型储罐或油水分离型储罐。浮式储油船(FSO)于1977年第一次在Castellon油田安装应用，1992年后，由于在独立的边际油气田开发中广泛的需求和常规海上油气田开发样品工程阶段的使用便捷性，FSO得到了广泛的行业认可。水下储油罐，包括混凝土重力储罐和钢储罐，是固定式储油设备，适用于浅海油气田中大容量储存需求。
但上述几种储存方式都存在各自的缺陷：
对于浮式储油船(FSO)来说，其高资本支出和高运营成本；耗油量高且二氧化碳排放量大；存在挥发性有机物的排放；在海上需要人工操作，需要直升飞机来回运送工作人员；受恶劣天气条件的影响较大。
对于混凝土重力式储罐来说，其安装时间长；有毒物质沉降；拆除设备困难且弃用成本高；只适用于浅海；不可移动。
对于钢储罐来说，其安装时间长；无水/油隔离膜的钢储罐因水油混合会发生乳化层堆积；带水/油隔离膜的钢储罐在卸油时，应用油水置换原理，需要先进海水，利用海水压力将膜内的油挤压出去，进入的海水会对钢制内壁造成腐 蚀，存在较高的内部泄漏风险；有毒物质沉降；维护困难；拆除设备困难且弃用成本高；不可移动。
实用新型内容
本实用新型提出一种高性能海底柔性储油系统，解决了现有技术中海上油田原油储存成本高、维护困难的问题。
本实用新型的技术方案是这样实现的：一种高性能海底柔性储油系统，包括依次相连的油水分离器、压力泵和输入立管，所述输入立管向下伸入海平面以下；
所述海平面以下设有管线和多个结构相同的柔性储油罐，每个柔性储油罐均通过控制阀与所述管线连通，所述输入立管通过阻塞阀和输入阀与管线的一端连通；
所述管线的另一端还依次连接有出口增压泵、输出阀和输出立管，所述输出立管向上伸出海平面以上，所述输出立管通过冷却器、输出泵连接油轮；
所述柔性储油罐的下方连接有用于将其固定在海床上的混凝土配重。
作为一种优选的实施方式，所述管线上还设有位于两个柔性储油罐之间的中部截止阀。
作为另一种优选的实施方式，所述柔性储油罐的底部通过法兰还连接有沙袋，所述沙袋通过循环管线连接至所述油水分离器。
作为另一种优选的实施方式，所述柔性储油罐为可压缩的柔性罐体，其罐体壁由内罐筒、外罐筒以及中间的间隙层组成，所述间隙层由若干夹在内罐筒、外罐筒之间的隔离块组成。
作为另一种优选的实施方式，所述柔性储油罐的顶部和底部中间位置均设有加强帽，上部的加强帽上连接有通入柔性储油罐内部的注油/卸油管。
作为另一种优选的实施方式，所述外罐筒的外表面上布置有若干光纤应变/应力监测器，所述内罐筒和外罐筒之间布置有若干泄漏检测传感器；
所述柔性储油罐的顶部还设有与光纤应变/应力监测器、泄漏检测传感器电连接的数据收集器。
作为另一种优选的实施方式，所述柔性储油罐与混凝土配重之间通过UHWPE缆绳连接，所述柔性储油罐与UHWPE缆绳之间，以及UHWPE缆绳与混凝土配重之间均通过旋转卸扣或万向接头连接。
作为另一种优选的实施方式，所述UHWPE缆绳至少为两根。
采用了上述技术方案后，本实用新型的有益效果是：本实用新型的柔性储油罐采用可压缩的柔性罐体，能够使得注油和卸油操作、罐体的置换维护、运输、检测和维修的操作更便捷。注油时，原油通过油水分离器、压力泵和输入立管进入管线内，最终通过控制阀进入柔性储油罐内，进而实现注油。在需要进行卸油时，可将阻塞阀和输入阀关闭，柔性储油罐内的原油通过控制阀、管线、出口增压泵等进入输出立管内，并最终通过冷却器、输出泵输送至油轮上，进而实现卸油。
在管线上设置位于两个柔性储油罐之间的中部截止阀，可以将中部截止阀关闭，其一侧的柔性储油罐进行注油作业，另一侧的柔性储油罐进行卸油作业，实现注油和卸油的同步进行，大大提高作业的效率。
由于开采出的原油为油水混合物，在柔性储油罐底部连接的沙袋可以过滤掉水中的砂石，再经循环管线输送至油水分离器进行处理，使柔性储油罐内的水质排放达到标准，
将柔性储油罐的罐体壁设置为三层结构，其最内部的内罐筒可由高聚物和非金属纤维加强复合而成，形成高强度、防海水腐蚀的内壁；而最外部的外罐筒也可由高聚物和非金属纤维加强复合而成，主要起到保护作用，承担外部重物的冲击、刮擦、海水腐蚀以及微生物侵蚀；内、外罐筒之间用隔离块间隔开，形成中间间隙层，起到保温和加热作用，确保柔性储油罐内温度能一直使原油处于液态。
在柔性储油罐的顶部和底部设置的加强帽可以防止柔性储油罐产生局部应力和应变集中，原油通过上部加强帽上的油管实现注油和卸油。
光纤应变/应力监测器均匀分布于外罐筒外侧若干处，用于实时监测柔性储油罐的应变和应力，确保其处于正常工作状态；而泄漏检测传感器均匀分布在中间间隙层若干处，通过检测罐壁间隙层内的情况来探测柔性储油罐是否存在泄漏情况，最后通过柔性储油罐顶部的数据收集器汇总。
将柔性储油罐与混凝土配重之间通过UHWPE缆绳连接，可以实现柔性储油罐的快速安装与拆卸，而且至少两根UHWPE缆绳可以确保其中一根断裂的情况下柔性储油罐的正常工作。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本实用新型一种实施例的结构示意图；
图2为该实施例中柔性储油罐的结构示意图；
图中：1-油水分离器；2-压力泵；3-输入立管；4-管线；5-柔性储油罐一；6-柔性储油罐二；7-柔性储油罐三；8-柔性储油罐四；9-控制阀；10-阻塞阀；11-输入阀；12-出口增压泵；13-输出阀；14-输出立管；15-冷却器；16-输出泵；17-油轮；18-混凝土配重；19-中部截止阀；20-法兰；21-沙袋；22-循环管线；23-外罐筒；24-内罐筒；25-隔离块；26-上部加强帽；27-下部加强帽；28-注油/卸油管；29-数据收集器；30-UHWPE缆绳；31-万向接头。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
实施例：
如图1所示，为本实用新型高性能海底柔性储油系统的一种实施例，该实施例包括依次相连的油水分离器1、压力泵2和输入立管3，所述输入立管3向下伸入海平面以下；所述海平面以下设有管线4和多个(图示为四个)结构相同的柔性储油罐，分别为柔性储油罐一5、柔性储油罐二6、柔性储油罐三7和柔性储油罐四8，而且具体只绘出了柔性储油罐一5，其余三个柔性储油罐简略表示。每个柔性储油罐均通过控制阀9与管线4连通，所述输入立管3通过阻塞阀10和输入阀11与管线4的一端连通；管线4的另一端还依次连接有出口增压泵12、输出阀13和输出立管14，所述输出立管14向上伸出海平面以上，所述输出立管14通过冷却器15、输出泵16连接油轮17；在柔性储油罐的下方连接有用于将其固定在海床上的混凝土配重18。在管线4上还设有位于两个柔性储油罐之间的中部截止阀19，可以将中部截止阀19关闭，其一侧的柔性储油罐进行注油作业，另一侧的柔性储油罐进行卸油作业，实现注油和卸油的同步进行，大大提高作业的效率。例如，图中所示，将中部截止阀19关闭后，柔性储油罐一5和柔性储油罐二6可进行注油作业，柔性储油罐三7和柔性储油罐四8进行卸油作业。
由于开采出的原油为油水混合物，静置后底部沉积的水需要排出，为了使柔性储油罐内水质排放达到标准，该实施例在柔性储油罐的底部通过法兰20还连接有沙袋21，所述沙袋21通过循环管线22连接至油水分离器1，这样可以过滤掉水中的砂石，再经循环管线22输送至油水分离器1进行处理，使柔性储油罐内的水质排放达到标准。
如图2所示，为该实施例中单个柔性储油罐的结构示意图，整个柔性储油罐为可压缩的柔性罐体，使得注油和卸油操作、罐体的置换维护、运输、检测和维修的操作更便捷，其形状可以设计成球体、圆柱体、长方体、正方体、椭球体或任意其他形状，罐体壁由内罐筒24、外罐筒23以及中间的间隙层组成，所述间隙层由若干夹在内罐筒24、外罐筒23之间的隔离块25组成。内罐筒24和外罐筒23为柔性储油罐内的液体防渗漏提供了双层防护，内、外罐筒均由复合加强非金属材料构成，内罐筒24用于容纳柔性储油罐内的流体，如原油或化学介质，外罐筒23用于承受外部冲击载荷，如锚的冲击，以及刮擦、微生物侵 蚀和海水腐蚀，间隙层是一层保温层和加热层，确保柔性储油罐内温度能一直使原油处于液态。
在柔性储油罐的顶部和底部中间位置均设有加强帽，即上部加强帽26和下部加强帽27，可以防止柔性储油罐产生局部应力和应变集中，上部加强帽26上连接有通入柔性储油罐内部的注油/卸油管28。在外罐筒23的外表面上布置有若干光纤应变/应力监测器，用于实时监测柔性储油罐的应变和应力，确保其处于正常工作状态；所述内罐筒24和外罐筒23之间布置有若干泄漏检测传感器，通过检测罐壁间隙层内的情况来探测柔性储油罐是否存在泄漏情况；柔性储油罐的顶部还设有与光纤应变/应力监测器、泄漏检测传感器电连接的数据收集器29。
最后，柔性储油罐与混凝土配重18之间通过UHWPE缆绳30连接，所述柔性储油罐与UHWPE缆绳30之间，以及UHWPE缆绳30与混凝土配重18之间均通过旋转卸扣或万向接头31连接，可以实现柔性储油罐的快速安装与拆卸，而且为了保证柔性储油罐的正常工作，该实施例中的UHWPE缆绳30至少为两根，在其中一根断裂的情况下可确保正常作业。
本实用新型的高性能海底柔性储油系统结构简单、维护方便，具有很好的实用性。
以上所述仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本实用新型，凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种高性能海底柔性储油系统，其特征在于：包括依次相连的油水分离器、压力泵和输入立管，所述输入立管向下伸入海平面以下；
    所述海平面以下设有管线和多个结构相同的柔性储油罐，每个柔性储油罐均通过控制阀与所述管线连通，所述输入立管通过阻塞阀和输入阀与管线的一端连通；
    所述管线的另一端还依次连接有出口增压泵、输出阀和输出立管，所述输出立管向上伸出海平面以上，所述输出立管通过冷却器、输出泵连接油轮；
    所述柔性储油罐的下方连接有用于将其固定在海床上的混凝土配重，所述柔性储油罐为可压缩的柔性罐体。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的高性能海底柔性储油系统，其特征在于：所述管线上还设有位于两个柔性储油罐之间的中部截止阀。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的高性能海底柔性储油系统，其特征在于：所述柔性储油罐的底部通过法兰还连接有沙袋，所述沙袋通过循环管线连接至所述油水分离器。
  4. 如权利要求1至3任一项所述的高性能海底柔性储油系统，其特征在于：所述柔性储油罐的罐体壁由内罐筒、外罐筒以及中间的间隙层组成，所述间隙层由若干夹在内罐筒、外罐筒之间的隔离块组成。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的高性能海底柔性储油系统，其特征在于：所述柔性储油罐的顶部和底部中间位置均设有加强帽，上部的加强帽上连接有通入柔性储油罐内部的注油/卸油管。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的高性能海底柔性储油系统，其特征在于：所述外罐筒的外表面上布置有若干光纤应变/应力监测器，所述内罐筒和外罐筒之间布置有若干泄漏检测传感器；
    所述柔性储油罐的顶部还设有与光纤应变/应力监测器、泄漏检测传感器电连接的数据收集器。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的高性能海底柔性储油系统，其特征在于：所述柔性储油罐与混凝土配重之间通过UHWPE缆绳连接，所述柔性储油罐与UHWPE缆绳之间，以及UHWPE缆绳与混凝土配重之间均通过旋转卸扣或万向接头连接。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的高性能海底柔性储油系统，其特征在于：所述UHWPE缆绳至少为两根。
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