WO2018223613A1 - 一种防冰罩及船舶 - Google Patents

一种防冰罩及船舶 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018223613A1
WO2018223613A1 PCT/CN2017/111448 CN2017111448W WO2018223613A1 WO 2018223613 A1 WO2018223613 A1 WO 2018223613A1 CN 2017111448 W CN2017111448 W CN 2017111448W WO 2018223613 A1 WO2018223613 A1 WO 2018223613A1
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Prior art keywords
bottom plate
support plate
plate
hole
ice
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PCT/CN2017/111448
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English (en)
French (fr)
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韩佳
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广船国际有限公司
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Publication of WO2018223613A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018223613A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of ship manufacturing, in particular to an ice protection cover and a ship using the same.
  • a cathodic protection system is generally arranged on the hull casing to prevent corrosion of the casing.
  • the protection system comprises an anode plate and a reference electrode mounted on the hull of the hull, the anode plate is connected with the potentiostat, and the anode plate insulated from the hull is discharged to the hull by the seawater medium, and a protective current is applied to make the outer steel plate of the hull become the cathode.
  • the larger the current the more electrons accumulate on the cathode surface area, the more negative the potential value.
  • the reference electrode is used to measure the potential of the protected object, and provides a comparison signal between the set protective potential and the measured potential to the potentiostat so that the hull is always at the protective potential.
  • the hull needs to be ice-breaking.
  • a large amount of ice will hit the hull casing, thereby damaging the anode plate and the reference electrode mounted on the hull casing, and the anode plate.
  • the reference electrode and the core electrode are the core components of the entire cathodic protection system. They play a vital role in preventing the hull from being corroded. If it is damaged by ice in the seawater, it will seriously affect the service life and safety of the ship.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an ice protection cover which is not only simple in structure, convenient to install and disassemble, but also can prevent ice cubes in seawater from damaging the anode plate and the reference electrode, thereby preventing the ship from being damaged.
  • the part of the ship is corroded, which improves the service life of the ship and reduces the cost of repair and maintenance of the ship.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a ship using the above-mentioned ice shield, which can effectively prevent the cathodic protection system disposed on the hull of the ship from being damaged, thereby preventing the water immersed portion of the ship from being electrochemically corroded and improving.
  • the ship's service life and navigation safety reduce the maintenance cost of the ship.
  • an anti-icing cover comprising:
  • the support plate is fixed on the hull outer casing, and the support plate is provided with a first receiving hole corresponding to the anode plate and the reference electrode position;
  • a protective cover including a bottom plate and a plurality of protective plates, the bottom plate being detachably connected to an end surface of the support plate away from the hull outer casing, wherein the bottom plate is provided with a second receiving hole, and the second receiving hole is The first receiving holes communicate, and the plurality of the shielding plates are spaced apart from the end surface of the bottom plate away from the supporting plate.
  • the plurality of guard plates are arranged in parallel and are generally fence-like.
  • the shield has a curved surface that projects toward a side remote from the bottom plate.
  • the height of the plurality of guard plates is gradually increased from the outside to the inside, the height of the shield at the edge of the bottom plate is the lowest, and the height of the shield at the center of the bottom plate is the highest.
  • the support plate and the bottom plate are fixedly connected by bolts, and the support plate is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes, and the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes, and the bolts pass through the first A mounting hole and a second mounting hole fixedly connect the support plate and the bottom plate.
  • the second mounting hole is a secondary stepped hole, and includes a first hole and a second hole, the diameter of the first hole is larger than the diameter of the second hole, and the second hole is close to the support board.
  • the second mounting hole is a secondary stepped hole, and includes a first hole and a second hole, wherein the diameter of the first hole is larger than the first hole The diameter of the two holes.
  • the plurality of first mounting holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first receiving hole, and the plurality of the second mounting holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second receiving hole.
  • the support plate and the bottom plate are both annular, and the outer diameter of the support plate is equal to the outer diameter of the bottom plate.
  • the diameter of the first receiving hole is equal to the diameter of the second receiving hole.
  • a vessel comprising the ice shield as described above.
  • the utility model fixedly connects the support plate and the hull outer casing, and the protective cover is detachably disposed on the support plate, which is beneficial to the installation, maintenance and replacement of the protective cover; and the plurality of protective plates protrudingly arranged on the bottom plate are guaranteed not to be affected.
  • the anode plate and the reference electrode Under the premise of normal operation of the anode plate and the reference electrode, it can not only prevent large ice cubes in the water from colliding with the anode plate and the reference electrode, but also can divert small ice cubes in the water, avoiding small ice cubes and anode plates and reference.
  • the electrodes are in contact, thereby effectively protecting the contact between the anode plate and the reference electrode, preventing the water immersed portion of the ship from being corroded, improving the service life of the ship, and reducing the maintenance and maintenance cost of the ship.
  • the utility model also provides a ship comprising the above-mentioned ice protection cover. The water immersion part of the ship is not easily electrochemically corroded, the service life of the ship is long, the navigation safety factor is high, and the maintenance cost is low.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the ice shield provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the ice shield provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the protective cover provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the shield provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the support plate provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the installation of the support plate and the bolt provided by the utility model.
  • a support plate 101, a first receiving hole; 102, a first mounting hole;
  • a protective cover 201, a bottom plate; 202, a protective plate; 203, a second receiving hole; 204, a second mounting hole; 2041, a first hole; 2042, a second hole;
  • the ice protection cover of the embodiment includes a support plate 1 and a protective cover 2 , and the support plate 1 is fixed on the hull outer casing, and the first anode is disposed on the support plate corresponding to the anode plate and the reference electrode position.
  • the hole 101 includes a bottom plate 201 and a plurality of protective plates 202.
  • the bottom plate 201 is detachably connected to an end surface of the support plate 1 away from the hull outer casing.
  • the bottom plate 201 is provided with a second receiving hole 203, and the first receiving hole 101 and the first receiving hole
  • the two receiving holes 203 are in communication, and the plurality of shielding plates 202 are spaced apart from each other on the end surface of the bottom plate 201 away from the supporting plate 1.
  • the anode plate and the reference electrode can be effectively prevented from being damaged by the ice in the seawater, and the plurality of protective plates 202 spaced apart from the bottom plate 201 are guaranteed not to affect the anode plate.
  • the reference electrode Under the premise of normal operation of the reference electrode, it can not only prevent large ice cubes in the water from colliding with the anode plate and the reference electrode, but also can divert small ice cubes in the water to avoid contact between the small ice cubes and the anode plate and the reference electrode.
  • the bottom plate 201 has a circular ring shape, and the inner circular hole is a second receiving hole 203.
  • the plurality of protective plates 202 are arranged in parallel, and the whole is in a fence shape, and a plurality of parallel distributions are arranged.
  • Fenders 202 is equivalent to a plurality of manifolds, which facilitates the diversion of ice cubes located at the bottom of the vessel, thereby preventing the ice cubes from striking the anode and reference electrodes and increasing the service life of the anode and reference electrodes.
  • the fender 202 is disposed as a curved plate, and the curved surface of the curved plate is convex toward a side away from the bottom plate 201, and a plurality of The height of the fender 202 gradually increases from the outside to the inside, the fender 202 at the edge of the bottom plate 201 has the lowest height, and the fender 202 at the center of the bottom plate 201 has the highest height.
  • a support plate 1 and a support plate are arranged between the protective cover 2 and the hull outer casing. 1 and the bottom plate 201 is fixedly connected by bolts.
  • the support plate 1 is a circular annular plate, and the inner circular hole is the first receiving hole 101, and the outer diameter of the support plate 1 is outside the bottom plate 201. The diameters are equal, and the diameters of the second receiving holes 203 and the first receiving holes 101 are equal.
  • the support plate 1 is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes 102
  • the bottom plate 201 is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes 204.
  • the bolts 3 sequentially pass through the second mounting holes 204 and the first mounting holes 102 to support the support plate 1 and the bottom plate 201.
  • Fixed connection In order to facilitate the fixing of the bolt 3 and prevent the bolt 3 from being repeatedly hit by the ice block to affect the connection strength of the support plate 1 and the bottom plate 201, the second mounting hole 204 is set as a two-stage stepped hole, and the second stepped hole includes a coaxial line.
  • the first hole 2041 and the second hole 2042 are connected. The first hole 2041 is disposed away from the support plate 1.
  • the second hole 2042 is disposed adjacent to the support plate 1.
  • the diameter of the first hole 2041 is larger than the diameter of the second hole 2042.
  • the second hole 2042 The diameter of the first hole 2041 is smaller than the outer diameter of the nut of the bolt 3, thereby facilitating the fixing of the nut.
  • the plurality of first mounting holes 102 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first receiving hole 101, and the plurality of second mounting holes 204 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second receiving hole 203.
  • the connecting portion or all of the first mounting hole 102 and the second mounting hole 204 may be selected according to the specific connecting strength.
  • the number of the first mounting hole 102 and the second mounting hole 204 is not limited, but for the convenience of connection, generally the first The number of the mounting holes 102 and the second mounting holes 204 are set to be equal.
  • the embodiment further provides a ship comprising the above-mentioned ice protection cover, the ship is provided with a protective cover 2 outside the anode plate and the reference electrode, thereby preventing the ship from damaging the anode plate and the reference electrode during the navigation,
  • the water immersed part of the ship is not easily electrochemically corroded, the service life of the ship is prolonged, the safety factor of navigation is improved, and the maintenance cost of the ship is reduced.

Abstract

一种防冰罩及船舶，属于船舶制造技术领域。其中，防冰罩包括支撑板(1)和防护罩(2)，支撑板(1)固定在船体外壳上，支撑板(1)上对应阳极板和参比电极位置设置有第一容纳孔(101)；防护罩(2)包括底板(201)和多个防护板(202)，底板(201)可拆卸连接在支撑板(1)远离船体外壳的端面上，底板(201)上设置有第二容纳孔(203)，第二容纳孔(203)与第一容纳孔(101)连通，多个防护板(202)间隔凸设在底板(201)远离支撑板(1)的端面上。通过将支撑板(1)与船体外壳固定连接，将防护罩(2)可拆卸设置在支撑板(1)上，有利于防护罩(2)的安装、维修以及更换；间隔凸设在底板(201)上的多个防护板(202)在保证不影响阳极板和参比电极正常工作的前提下，防止水中的大冰块撞击阳极板和参比电极，从而对阳极板和参比电极接触进行有效地防护。

Description

一种防冰罩及船舶 技术领域
本实用新型涉及船舶制造技术领域，尤其涉及一种防冰罩及应用该防冰罩的船舶。
背景技术
船舶的壳体由于长时间浸泡在海水中很容易被海水中物质腐蚀而腐烂，从而严重影响船舶的使用寿命，现有技术中一般采用在船体外壳上配置阴极保护系统来防止外壳被腐蚀，阴极保护系统包括安装在船体外壳上的阳极板和参比电极，阳极板与恒电位仪相连，与船体绝缘设置的阳极板经海水介质对船体进行放电，施加保护电流，使船体的外壳钢板成为阴极并受到极化，电流越大，阴极表面积聚的电子越多，电位值也就越负，当电位值达到一定程度后，导致腐蚀的微电池作用趋于停止，从而抑制钢板的腐蚀现象，有效地防止船体浸水部分被电化学作用腐蚀。而参比电极用于测量被保护对象的电位，并向恒电位仪提供设定保护电位与实测电位之间的比较信号，使船体始终处于保护电位。
然而当船舶在有冰的水域行驶时，船体需要破冰前行，在破冰过程中，有大量的冰会撞上船体外壳，从而损坏安装在船体外壳上的阳极板和参比电极，而阳极板和参比电极是整个阴极保护系统的核心部件，在防止船体被腐蚀中起到了至关重要的作用，如果被海水中的冰块损坏，会严重影响船舶的使用寿命和航行安全。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的一个目的在于提供一种防冰罩，该防冰罩不仅结构简单、安装和拆卸方便，还能够防止海水中的冰块损伤阳极板和参比电极，从而防止船 舶浸水部分被腐蚀，进而提高船舶的使用寿命，降低船舶的维修和保养成本。
本实用新型的另一个目的在与提供一种应用上述防冰罩的船舶，该船舶能够有效地防止设置在其船体外壳上的阴极保护系统被破坏，从而防止船舶浸水部分被电化学腐蚀，提高船舶的使用寿命和航行安全，降低船舶的维修成本。
为达此目的，本实用新型采用以下技术方案：
一方面，提供一种防冰罩，包括：
支撑板，所述支撑板固定在船体外壳上，所述支撑板上对应阳极板和参比电极位置设置有第一容纳孔；
防护罩，其包括底板和多个防护板，所述底板可拆卸连接在所述支撑板远离所述船体外壳的端面上，所述底板上设置有第二容纳孔，所述第二容纳孔与第一容纳孔连通，多个所述防护板间隔凸设在所述底板远离所述支撑板的端面上。
作为优选，多个所述防护板平行排布，整体呈栅栏状。
作为优选，所述防护板具有弧形面，所述弧形面朝向远离所述底板的一侧凸出。
作为优选，多个所述防护板的高度由外向内逐渐增大，位于所述底板边缘处的所述防护板高度最低，位于所述底板中心处的所述防护板高度最高。
作为优选，所述支撑板和所述底板通过螺栓固定连接，所述支撑板上设置有多个第一安装孔，所述底板上设置有多个第二安装孔，所述螺栓依次穿过第一安装孔和第二安装孔将所述支撑板和所述底板固定连接。
作为优选，所述第二安装孔为二级阶梯孔，其包括第一孔和第二孔，所述第一孔的直径大于所述第二孔的直径，所述第二孔靠近所述支撑板。所述第二安装孔为二级阶梯孔，其包括第一孔和第二孔，所述第一孔的直径大于所述第 二孔的直径。
作为优选，多个所述第一安装孔沿所述第一容纳孔的周向均匀排布，多个所述第二安装孔沿所述第二容纳孔的周向均匀排布。
作为优选，所述支撑板和所述底板均呈圆环状，且所述支撑板的外径与所述底板的外径相等。
作为优选，所述第一容纳孔的直径与所述第二容纳孔的直径相等。
另一方面，还提供一种船舶，包含上述所述的防冰罩。
本实用新型的有益效果：
本实用新型通过将支撑板与船体外壳固定连接，将防护罩可拆卸设置在支撑板上，有利于防护罩的安装、维修以及更换；间隔凸设在底板上的多个防护板在保证不影响阳极板和参比电极正常工作的前提下，不仅能够防止水中的大冰块撞击阳极板和参比电极，也能够对水中的小冰块进行分流，避免了小冰块与阳极板和参比电极接触，从而对阳极板和参比电极接触进行有效地防护，防止船舶浸水部分被腐蚀，提高船舶的使用寿命，降低船舶的维修和保养成本。本实用新型还提供了一种包含上述防冰罩的船舶，该船舶的浸水部分不易被电化学腐蚀，船舶的使用寿命长，航行安全系数高，维修成本低。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型所提供的防冰罩的剖视图；
图2是本实用新型所提供的防冰罩的俯视图；
图3是本实用新型所提供的防护罩的俯视图；
图4是本实用新型所提供的防护罩的剖视图；
图5是本实用新型所提供的支撑板的俯视图；
图6是本实用新型所提供的支撑板与螺栓的安装示意图。
图中：
1、支撑板；101、第一容纳孔；102、第一安装孔；
2、防护罩；201、底板；202、防护板；203、第二容纳孔；204、第二安装孔；2041、第一孔；2042、第二孔；
3、螺栓。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本实用新型的技术方案。
如图1至图6所示，本实施例的防冰罩包括支撑板1和防护罩2，支撑板1固定在船体外壳上，支撑板上对应阳极板和参比电极位置设置有第一容纳孔101，防护罩2包括底板201和多个防护板202，底板201可拆卸连接在支撑板1远离船体外壳的端面上，底板201上设置有第二容纳孔203，第一容纳孔101与第二容纳孔203连通，多个防护板202间隔凸设在底板201远离支撑板1的端面上。
在本实施例中通过在船舶上设置防冰罩能够有效地防止阳极板和参比电极被海水中的冰块损坏，间隔凸设在底板201上的多个防护板202在保证不影响阳极板和参比电极正常工作的前提下，不仅能够防止水中的大冰块撞击阳极板和参比电极，也能够对水中的小冰块进行分流，避免小冰块与阳极板和参比电极接触，从而对阳极板和参比电极接触进行有效地防护，防止船舶浸水部分被腐蚀，提高船舶的使用寿命，降低船舶的维修和保养成本；通过将支撑板1与船体外壳固定连接，将防护罩2可拆卸设置在支撑板1上，有利于降低防护罩2安装、维修以及更换的难度。
具体的，如图3至图4所示，底板201为圆环形状，内部圆孔处即为第二容纳孔203，多个防护板202平行排布，整体呈栅栏状，多个平行分布的防护板 202相当于多个分流板，有利于将位于船舶底部的冰块分流，从而避免冰块撞击阳极板和参比电极，提高阳极板和参比电极的使用寿命。进一步的，为了提高分流效果以及降低船舶在航行过程中受到的阻力，将防护板202设置为弧形板，该弧形板的弧形面朝远离底板201的一侧凸设，且将多个防护板202的高度由外向内逐渐增加，位于底板201边缘处的防护板202高度最低，位于底板201中心处的防护板202高度最高。
防护罩2在长时间的使用过程中，由于和冰块多次撞击需要定期更换，为了便于防护罩2的维修、更换以及固定，在防护罩2和船体外壳之间设置支撑板1，支撑板1和底板201通过螺栓固定连接，如图5和图6所示，支撑板1为圆环形板，内部圆孔处即为第一容纳孔101，支撑板1的外径与底板201的外径相等，第二容纳孔203和第一容纳孔101的直径相等。支撑板1上设置有多个第一安装孔102，底板201上设置有多个第二安装孔204，螺栓3依次穿过第二安装孔204和第一安装孔102将支撑板1和底板201固定连接。为了便于螺栓3的固定以及防止螺栓3被冰块多次撞击从而影响支撑板1和底板201的连接强度，将第二安装孔204设置为二级阶梯孔，二级阶梯孔包括同轴心线连通的第一孔2041和第二孔2042，第一孔2041远离支撑板1设置，第二孔2042靠近支撑板1设置，第一孔2041的直径大于第二孔2042的直径，第二孔2042的直径大于螺栓3的螺柱的外径，第一孔2041的直径小于与该螺栓3配合使用的螺母的外径，从而便于螺母的固定。为了提高支撑板1和底板201的连接强度，多个第一安装孔102沿第一容纳孔101的周向均匀排布，多个第二安装孔204沿第二容纳孔203的周向均匀排布，在使用过程中，可以根据具体的连接强度选择连接部分或者全部第一安装孔102和第二安装孔204。在本实施例中对第一安装孔102和第二安装孔204的数量不做限制，但是为了连接方便，一般将第一 安装孔102和第二安装孔204的数量设置为相等。
本实施例还提供了一种船舶，该船舶包含上述防冰罩，该船舶在阳极板和参比电极外设置有防护罩2，从而能够防止船舶在航行过程中损坏阳极板和参比电极，进而使船舶的浸水部分不易被电化学腐蚀，延长了船舶的使用寿命，提高了航行的安全系数，降低了船舶的维修成本。
显然，本实用新型的上述实施例仅仅是为了清楚说明本实用新型所作的举例，而并非是对本实用新型的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本实用新型权利要求的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种防冰罩，其特征在于，包括：
    支撑板(1)，所述支撑板(1)固定在船体外壳上，所述支撑板(1)上对应阳极板和参比电极位置设置有第一容纳孔(101)；
    防护罩(2)，其包括底板(201)和多个防护板(202)，所述底板(201)可拆卸连接在所述支撑板(1)远离所述船体外壳的端面上，所述底板(201)上设置有第二容纳孔(203)，所述第二容纳孔(203)与第一容纳孔(101)连通，多个所述防护板(202)间隔凸设在所述底板(201)远离所述支撑板(1)的端面上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防冰罩，其特征在于，多个所述防护板(202)平行排布，整体呈栅栏状。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防冰罩，其特征在于，所述防护板(202)具有弧形面，所述弧形面朝向远离所述底板(201)的一侧凸出。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的防冰罩，其特征在于，多个所述防护板(202)的高度由外向内逐渐增大，位于所述底板(201)边缘处的所述防护板(202)高度最低，位于所述底板(201)中心处的所述防护板(202)高度最高。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的防冰罩，其特征在于，所述支撑板(1)和所述底板(201)通过螺栓(3)固定连接，所述支撑板(1)上设置有多个第一安装孔(102)，所述底板(201)上设置有多个第二安装孔(204)，所述螺栓(3)依次穿过第一安装孔(102)和第二安装孔(204)将所述支撑板(1)和所述底板(201)连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的防冰罩，其特征在于，所述第二安装孔(204)为二级阶梯孔，其包括第一孔(2041)和第二孔(2042)，所述第一孔(2041)的直径大于所述第二孔(2042)的直径。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的防冰罩，其特征在于，多个所述第一安装孔(102)沿所述第一容纳孔(101)的周向均匀排布，多个所述第二安装孔(204)沿所述第二容纳孔(203)的周向均匀排布。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的防冰罩，其特征在于，所述支撑板(1)和所述底板(201)均呈圆环状，且所述支撑板(1)的外径与所述底板(201)的外径相等。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的防冰罩，其特征在于，所述第一容纳孔(101)的直径与所述第二容纳孔(203)的直径相等。
  10. 一种船舶，其特征在于，包含权利要求1-9中任一项所述的防冰罩。
PCT/CN2017/111448 2017-06-07 2017-11-16 一种防冰罩及船舶 WO2018223613A1 (zh)

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