WO2018219174A1 - 一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法 - Google Patents

一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018219174A1
WO2018219174A1 PCT/CN2018/087791 CN2018087791W WO2018219174A1 WO 2018219174 A1 WO2018219174 A1 WO 2018219174A1 CN 2018087791 W CN2018087791 W CN 2018087791W WO 2018219174 A1 WO2018219174 A1 WO 2018219174A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fault
switch
converter station
phase
flexible
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PCT/CN2018/087791
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卢宇
李钢
田杰
汪楠楠
李海英
姜崇学
随顺科
Original Assignee
南京南瑞继保电气有限公司
南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司
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Application filed by 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司, 南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司 filed Critical 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司
Priority to EP18809522.8A priority Critical patent/EP3595116B1/en
Priority to CA3060024A priority patent/CA3060024C/en
Priority to DK18809522.8T priority patent/DK3595116T3/da
Priority to US16/500,189 priority patent/US10923906B2/en
Priority to RU2019136268A priority patent/RU2718619C1/ru
Priority to JP2019551432A priority patent/JP6784850B2/ja
Priority to MX2019013245A priority patent/MX2019013245A/es
Priority to BR112019024168-0A priority patent/BR112019024168A2/pt
Priority to KR1020197026158A priority patent/KR102124287B1/ko
Publication of WO2018219174A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018219174A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations
    • H02H7/262—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations involving transmissions of switching or blocking orders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
    • G01R19/16571—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 comparing AC or DC current with one threshold, e.g. load current, over-current, surge current or fault current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
    • G01R19/16576—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 comparing DC or AC voltage with one threshold
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R25/00—Arrangements for measuring phase angle between a voltage and a current or between voltages or currents
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/16—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
    • H02H3/162—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass for ac systems
    • H02H3/165—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass for ac systems for three-phase systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
    • H02M7/062—Avoiding or suppressing excessive transient voltages or currents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of flexible transmission and flexible AC transmission of power system, and particularly relates to a fault switch configuration and a clearing method in a flexible DC converter station.
  • Flexible DC transmission and a new generation of flexible AC transmission use voltage source converters, which can independently adjust active and reactive power to improve the transmission capacity of the AC system. It has obvious competitiveness in applications such as power generation grids for renewable energy, power supply for isolated islands, and interconnection of communication systems. With the advancement of power electronics and control technology, the capacity and voltage levels of flexible direct current transmission and flexible alternating current transmission systems are getting higher and higher.
  • the DC side grounding method includes a DC side single pole grounding, a high resistance DC side high impedance grounding, and the like.
  • the structure of the bipolar flexible direct current transmission system is usually grounded on the DC side, and the direct current on the DC side causes the following problems.
  • the valve side and the bridge arm of the converter station are grounded or short-circuited, a loop is formed with the DC-side grounding system, and DC is superimposed on the alternating current.
  • Paranoia causes the current flowing through the network side switch to have no zero crossing point, which causes the AC switch to fail to trip, which may damage equipment such as mechanical switches and converter valves.
  • Patent CN201510999677.5 proposes to reduce the DC bias of the AC current by using the bypass arm sub-module of the non-faulty phase of the bypass converter valve.
  • the method is for the single-phase ground fault, and the converter valve is triggered again after the converter valve is blocked first.
  • the sub-module in the case of a fault, the current rapidly changes, the converter valve is triggered again after being locked, the fault diagnosis is required to be accurate, the valve control system is executed quickly and reliably, and there is a great risk, which is a test for the switching device.
  • the flexible DC converter station generally adopts the network side configuration AC switch (QF1) and the valve side does not configure the switch (QF2).
  • valve side configuration switch QF2
  • the valve side switch does not perform fault phase selection, and not with the mesh side.
  • the switch (QF1) cooperates with the timing matching to solve the ground fault AC current in the converter station, but the zero switch can not trip the AC switch and damage the AC switch.
  • the DC converter station cooperates with the grid side switch (QF1) and the valve side switch (QF2).
  • the grid side switch cooperates with the valve side switch to detect the ground fault in the converter station.
  • the fault phase and then the network side switch are used to quickly and effectively clear the fault in the converter station while ensuring the safety of the AC switch.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a fault switch configuration and a clearing method suitable for a DC-side grounding converter station.
  • the flexible DC converter station is provided with a valve side split phase switch (QF2).
  • QF2 valve side split phase switch
  • the grid side switch and the valve side switch cooperate with each other.
  • the solution of the present invention is:
  • a fault switch configuration and a clearing method in a flexible DC converter station the flexible DC converter station is respectively configured with a network side switch (QF1) and a valve side split phase switch (QF2), and when the fault in the converter station is detected, the first jump valve side is not The fault phase switch, and then the network side switch, realizes the fault clearing in the converter station.
  • the specific fault clearing method is as follows:
  • a fault occurs in the converter station, and the protection system identifies the fault phase and the non-fault phase;
  • a non-fault phase valve side switch (QF2) trip command is issued at time t1;
  • a fault switch configuration and a clearing method in a flexible DC converter station may use a differential protection detection to obtain a fault phase or a valve side low voltage overcurrent to determine a fault location and a fault phase.
  • a fault switch configuration and a clearing method in a flexible DC converter station ranges from 0 to 10 s
  • the value of t2 ranges from 0 to 15 s
  • the range of ⁇ t ranges from 0 to ⁇ .
  • the configured valve side switch (QF2) is a phase split switch.
  • the fault area in the converter station mainly refers to a range of the synchronous voltage U s and the regional fault between the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a switch position and a fault area in a fault converter station in the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the fault current waveform of the valve side fault only on the side of the valve side.
  • Figure 3 is a waveform diagram of the fault current of the valve side fault through the grid side switch and the valve side switch.
  • the invention studies the faults in the converter station of the DC side grounding system, and confirms the switch configuration and the clearing method. Close the QS5 grounding switch in Figure 1 to achieve the grounding of the converter valve.
  • the flexible DC transmission converter station is equipped with a network side switch (QF1) and no valve side switch (QF2).
  • QF1 network side switch
  • QF2 valve-side switch
  • the third winding of the transformer is used for station power supply.
  • the purpose of configuring the valve-side switch (QF2) is to enable the transformer to continue when the converter valve is overhauled. run.
  • Figure 1 U s grid side synchronous voltage, IS grid side current, QF1 grid side switch, QF2 valve side split phase switch, IVT transformer valve side bushing current, QF3 bypass switch, UV valve side voltage, IVC valve side current , IDP DC bus current, IDNE neutral bus current.
  • the grid side current and the valve side current after the F1 fault at the 0.02s time of the exchange valve side AC connection area are shown in Fig. 2,
  • IS_B and IS_C are the three-phase currents on the grid side
  • IVC_A, IVC_B, and IVC_C are the valve side currents respectively.
  • the phase A current and the phase B of the grid side are not zero, if only the network side switch (QF1) is configured.
  • the valve side switch (QF2) is not configured, and the switch trip command is issued at 0.08s.
  • the analysis found that there is a zero crossing point on the non-fault phase valve side current.
  • the valve side is equipped with a phase separation switch QF2.
  • the valve side is non-fault phase.
  • Current because there is a zero crossing point on the non-faulty phase valve side, the corresponding valve side switch QF2 can be tripped, and the valve side non-fault phase is isolated from the fault point.
  • the grid side current will cross zero, and then the grid side switch is jumped. That is to achieve fault isolation, and will not cause damage to the faulty switchgear.
  • the flexible DC converter station is equipped with a valve side split switch (QF2).
  • the control and protection system in the converter station can rely on the differential current (IVT-IVC) between IVT and IVC to be greater than the set value Idelt.
  • Idelt takes the rated value of 1.0 pu. It is considered that the fault location is on the valve side of the converter station, which is the fault phase. Otherwise, it is a non-faulty phase.
  • the converter valve control protection system delays the valve side switch (QF2) non-fault phase trip command at time t1, and t1 is set within (0-10s).
  • the control and protection system in the converter station sends the network side switch QF1 at time t2, and t2 is set within (0-15s).
  • the fault phase trip command of the valve side switch (QF2) is issued at the delay ⁇ t time, and ⁇ t is set within (0- ⁇ s).
  • a faulty switch configuration and a clearing method in a flexible DC converter station after the valve side ground fault, the fault clear waveform is as shown in FIG. 3, a fault occurs in 0.02s, and a valve side non-fault phase trip command is issued at 0.06s.
  • the delay of 1 ms is issued to the network side switch trip command, and the fault is cleared within 20 ms of the switch command. There is no fault switch disconnected and the switch is damaged and the fault cannot be cleared.
  • the present invention introduces an embodiment in which the single-phase ground fault of the converter-side AC connection region F1 or F2 is taken as an embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to a single-phase ground fault, and is applicable to other ground faults and short-circuit fault clearing methods in the converter station.
  • the bridge arm reactor is grounded and other faults.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，柔性直流换流站配置网侧开关(QF1)和阀侧分相开关(QF2)在换流站内，发生故障时，通过差动保护或低压过流来检测识别出故障相和非故障相，通过先切除非故障相阀侧分相开关(QF2)和网侧开关(QF1)，创造交流过零点条件，进而切除故障相，断开电源与故障点连接，实现清除故障。切除故障方法简单实用、可靠性高，实现快速有效的切除了故障点与电源的连接，有效的保护了换流站设备，避免了故障的进一步扩大。

Description

一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法 技术领域
本发明属于电力系统柔性输电和柔性交流输电领域，具体涉及一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法。
背景技术
柔性直流输电和新一代柔性交流输电采用电压源换流器，可以独立调节有功和无功，提高交流系统的输电能力。在可再生能源的发电并网、孤岛城市供电以及交流系统互联等应用领域，具有明显的竞争力。随着电力电子器件和控制技术的进步，柔性直流输电和柔性交流输电系统容量和电压等级越来越高。
柔性直流输电为了维持直流电压稳定，需要设置采用交流阀侧接地或直流侧接地钳位直流电压。直流侧接地方式有直流侧单极接地、高阻直流侧高阻接地等方式。随着柔性直流输电电压等级越来越高，采用真双极拓扑结构形式在减少单个换流单元子模块级联数目的达到大容量传输功率的目的。双极柔性直流输电系统结构通常采用直流侧接地，直流侧直接接地产生如下问题，当换流站阀侧和桥臂发生接地或短路故障时，与直流侧接地系统形成回路，交流电流中叠加直流偏执，导致流过网侧开关电流无过零点，从而导致交流开关无法跳开，有可能损坏机械开关和换流阀等设备。
专利CN201510999677.5提出利用旁路换流阀非故障相的下桥臂子模块来减小交流电流的直流偏执，其方法是针对单相接地故障，且先闭锁换流阀后再次触发换流阀子模块，在故障情况下，电流快速突变，换流阀闭锁后再次触发，要求故障判断准确，阀控系统执行迅速可靠，存在较大风险，是对开关器件的考验。目前柔性直流换流站一般采用网侧配置交流开关(QF1)而阀侧不配置开关(QF2)，即使阀侧配置开关(QF2)，阀侧开关更不进行故障选相，更不与网侧开关(QF1)配合通过时序配合来解决换流站内接地故障交流电流不过零带来的无法跳开交流开关并损害交流开关得问题。
以往交流保护一般故障选相是先选择故障相跳闸，非故障相不跳闸，更不能解决针对直流侧接地带来的换流站内故障引起的交流电流不过零开关无法分断问题。
为了实现可靠的解决直流侧接地带来的换流站内发生不对称故障时交流无法拉断问题，保证机械开关和换流站设备的安全，避免开关跳不开造成故障扩大化，本发明提出柔性直流换流站内配合网侧开关(QF1)和阀侧开关(QF2)，网侧开关与阀侧开关配合，检出出换流站内接地故障后，通过阀侧分相开关，先跳阀侧非故障相，再跳网侧开关，从而在保证交流开关安全的情况下快速有效的清除了换流站内故障。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提出适用于直流侧接地布置换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法。柔性直流换流站内除配置配合网侧开关(QF1)外，增设阀侧分相开关(QF2)，网侧开关与阀侧开关相互配合，保护系统识别出换流站内接地故障和故障相后，先跳阀侧非故障相，再跳网侧开关，从而在保证交流开关安全的情况下快速有效的清除了换流站内故障，实现换 流站内故障真正清除，确保换流站设备安全运行及防止故障扩大影响。
为了达到上述目的，本发明的解决方案是：
一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，柔性直流换流站分别配置网侧开关(QF1)和阀侧分相开关(QF2)，检测出换流站内故障时，先跳阀侧非故障相开关，再跳网侧开关，实现换流站内故障清除。具体故障清除方法如下：
1)换流站内发生故障，保护系统识别出故障相和非故障相；
2)t1时刻发出非故障相阀侧开关(QF2)跳闸指令；
3)t2时刻发出网侧开关(QF1)跳闸指令；
4)t1与t2整定关系为t1≤t2。
5)网侧开关(QF1)跳开Δt后发出阀侧开关故障相跳闸指令。
一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，进一步的，保护系统可采用差动保护检测得到故障相或阀侧低电压过流来判断故障位置和故障相。
一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，进一步地，t1取值范围为0到10s，t2取值范围为0到15s，Δt取值范围为0到∞。
一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，配置的阀侧开关(QF2)是分相开关。
一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，换流站内故障区域主要指范围为同步电压U s和正极母线和负极母线之间区域故障。
附图说明
图1是本发明中开关位置示意图和故障换流站站内故障区域示意图。
图2是阀侧故障仅跳网侧开关故障电流波形图。
图3是阀侧故障通过网侧开关和阀侧开关配合跳闸故障电流波形图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图及具体实施例，对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
本发明针对直流侧接地系统换流站内故障进行研究，确认开关配置和清除方法。闭合图1中QS5接地开关实现换流阀接地。
一般柔性直流输电换流站，配置网侧开关(QF1)而不配置阀侧开关(QF2)。除非采用三绕组变压器的某些换流站配置阀侧开关(QF2)，变压器第三绕组为站用电供电，配置阀侧开关(QF2)的目的是为了实现换流阀检修时，变压器可以继续运行。
图1中：U s网侧同步电压，IS网侧电流，QF1网侧开关，QF2阀侧分相开关，IVT变压器阀侧套管电流，QF3旁路开关，UV阀侧电压，IVC阀侧电流，IDP直流母线电流，IDNE中性母线电流。
以极1换流阀C相F1或F2位置接地故障为例进行说明，换流阀侧交流连接区0.02s时刻F1故障后网侧电流和阀侧电流如图2所示，图2中IS_A、IS_B、IS_C分别为网侧三相电流，IVC_A、IVC_B、IVC_C分别为阀侧电流，由图2知，故障时网侧电流A相与B相不过零，如果仅仅配置网侧开关(QF1)而不配置阀侧开关(QF2)，在0.08s时刻发开关跳闸命令，由图2知，因为B相电流不过零，网侧开关需要开关跳闸指令发送越140ms后才能拉开，而此过程中因 无过零点强制断开开关QF1，将造成开关触头等损害，同时故障不能有效清除。
针对换流站内阀侧故障，分析发现非故障相阀侧电流存在过零点，通过一系列计算分析，阀侧加装分相开关QF2，检测到换流站内故障后，先跳阀侧非故障相电流，因非故障相阀侧存在过零点可以跳开相应阀侧开关QF2，将实现阀侧非故障相与故障点隔离，然后此时网侧电流将过零，此时再跳网侧开关，即实现故障隔离，也不会造成故障开关设备损坏。
具体步骤如下：
1、柔性直流换流站除网侧开关(QF1)外，增设配置阀侧分相开关(QF2)
2、换流站内控制保护系统可以依靠IVT于IVC之间差动电流(IVT-IVC)大于设定值Idelt，Idelt取额定值1.0pu，认为故障位置在换流站内阀侧，其为故障相，否则为非故障相。
3、检测识别出故障位置和故障相后。换流阀控制保护系统延时t1时间发出阀侧开关(QF2)非故障相跳闸指令，t1设定在(0-10s)内。
4、换流站内控制保护系统延时t2时间发出网侧开关QF1，t2设定在(0-15s)内。
5、t1与t2整定关系为t1≤t2。
6、网侧开关跳开后，延时Δt时间发出阀侧开关(QF2)的故障相跳闸指令，Δt设定在(0-∞s)内。
7、经过上述步骤，三相QF1、QF2开关跳开，故障清除且不会损坏开关。
按照本发明提出的一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，阀侧接地故障后，故障清除波形如图3所示，0.02s发生故障，0.06s发出阀侧非故障相跳闸命令，延时1ms发出网侧开关跳闸指令，开关命令发出20ms内实现故障清除，不存在故障开关分断不开而导致开关损坏和故障无法清除问题。
本发明以换流阀侧交流连接区F1或F2单相接地故障为实施例进行介绍实施方案，但本发明不限于单相接地故障，其适用于换流站内其它接地故障和短路故障的清除方法，例如桥臂电抗器接地等故障。
以上实施例仅为说明本发明的技术思想，不能以此限定本发明的保护范围，凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本发明保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，其特征在于：在柔性直流换流站分别配置网侧开关(QF1)和阀侧分相开关(QF2)，换流站内故障时，先跳阀侧非故障相开关，再跳网侧开关，进行换流站内故障清除，所述故障清除的具体方法包括：
    换流站内发生故障，保护系统识别出故障相和非故障相；
    t1时刻发出非故障相阀侧开关(QF2)跳闸指令，t2时刻发出网侧开关(QF1)跳闸指令，t1与t2整定关系为t1≤t2；
    网侧开关(QF1)跳开后，经历时间间隔Δt发出故障相阀侧分相开关(QF2)跳闸指令。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，其特征在于：采用差动保护检测得出故障相，或者根据阀侧低电压过流来判断出故障相。
  3. 如权利要求1所述一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，其特征在于：t1取值范围为0到10s，t2取值范围为0到15s，时间间隔Δt取值范围为0到∞。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，其特征在于：配置的阀侧开关(QF2)采用分相开关。
  5. 如权利要求1所述一种柔性直流换流站内故障开关配置及清除方法，其特征在于：换流站内故障指范围为变压器二次侧、极母线和中性线母线之间区域的故障。
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