WO2018218431A1 - 一种高性能电动注塑机构 - Google Patents

一种高性能电动注塑机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018218431A1
WO2018218431A1 PCT/CN2017/086354 CN2017086354W WO2018218431A1 WO 2018218431 A1 WO2018218431 A1 WO 2018218431A1 CN 2017086354 W CN2017086354 W CN 2017086354W WO 2018218431 A1 WO2018218431 A1 WO 2018218431A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
injection molding
screw
injection
drive shaft
ball
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PCT/CN2017/086354
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈明华
Original Assignee
苏州锦珂塑胶科技有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州锦珂塑胶科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州锦珂塑胶科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2017/086354 priority Critical patent/WO2018218431A1/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/094479 priority patent/WO2018218767A1/zh
Priority to CN201710617356.3A priority patent/CN108943625B/zh
Publication of WO2018218431A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018218431A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/47—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using screws
    • B29C45/50—Axially movable screw
    • B29C45/5008—Drive means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/47—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using screws
    • B29C45/50—Axially movable screw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/58—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/47—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using screws
    • B29C45/50—Axially movable screw
    • B29C45/5008—Drive means therefor
    • B29C2045/5048—Drive means therefor screws axially driven and rotated by a drive shaft having a screw threaded part and spline part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/47—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould using screws
    • B29C45/50—Axially movable screw
    • B29C45/5008—Drive means therefor
    • B29C2045/5056—Drive means therefor screws axially driven by a rotatable screw shaft cooperating with a fixed nut

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of plastics and relates to an electric injection molding mechanism used in an injection molding machine or the like.
  • the injection molding machine mainly includes motors, reduction transmission systems, screws, screw nut pairs and other components.
  • the screw is an important part of the injection molding machine, used for conveying, compacting, melting, stirring and pressing the plastic.
  • the action is accomplished by the rotation of the screw within the barrel and the movement in the axial direction. When the screw rotates, the plastic will rub against each other on the inner wall of the barrel, the bottom surface of the screw groove, the screw advance surface, and between the plastic and the plastic.
  • the injection time is crucial for the shaping of the plastic, and it is necessary to ensure that the injection system has sufficient response speed (ie screw acceleration) to ensure that the melt can be injected into the cavity of the mold in a short time.
  • the amount of components that need to be moved during the injection process is large and complicated (for example, including a screw, a servo motor, a pre-plasticized transmission system, a bearing set, an injection nut, and an injection slide seat).
  • Newton's second law when the injection pressure is constant, if the total mass of the injection motion system is large, the acceleration obtained by the screw will decrease, that is, the injection response speed is greatly reduced, and the required speed cannot be achieved in a very short time.
  • the injection speed has a great influence on the working conditions required for high-speed injection.
  • the linear guide of the moving parts in the conventional injection system is realized by sliding friction, and the contact surface wears quickly, the heat is high, the lubrication requirement is high, the lubrication phenomenon occurs when the lubrication is insufficient, and the power consumed by the drive motor is also increased. .
  • the present invention provides an electric injection molding system and an injection molding machine including the same, which requires less moving parts than conventional conventional injection molding machines when performing an injection operation.
  • the inertia is greatly reduced, and the effect speed and injection accuracy of the injection system are greatly improved.
  • an injection molding system for an injection molding machine comprising:
  • the drive shaft includes a ball spline segment and a ball screw segment, the screw is mounted on the drive shaft;
  • the ball nut mechanism being fitted in cooperation with the ball screw segment of the drive shaft, the ball nut mechanism moving the drive shaft and the screw forward and backward in an axial direction;
  • An axial guiding mechanism is mounted in cooperation with a ball splined portion of the drive shaft, the axial guiding mechanism rotating the drive shaft and the screw about an axis of the drive shaft.
  • the screw and the transmission shaft are axially moved back and forth, and the ball nut mechanism and the axial guiding mechanism do not move axially back and forth.
  • the drive shaft is provided in one piece.
  • the injection molding system further includes an elastic energy storage device and a retaining ring, wherein the retaining ring is fitted to one end of the proximal drive shaft of the screw such that the movement state of the retaining ring is the same as the screw
  • One end of the elastic energy storage device is mounted on the retaining ring, and the other end is fixed.
  • the elastic energy storage mechanism and the transmission shaft are coaxially disposed.
  • the inner cavity of the axial guiding mechanism and the ball spline segment are mounted by ball cooperation, so that the axial guiding mechanism guides the transmission shaft to move axially forward and backward, and also provides the transmission Limit of the circumference of the shaft.
  • an injection molding machine comprising the injection molding system and the mold clamping system according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the transmission shaft comprises a ball spline segment and a ball screw segment, and is integrally provided, and the double function of the ball spline and the ball screw is realized on the same transmission shaft. It provides a guiding effect while greatly reducing the friction coefficient during the operation of the injection molding system and improving the injection acceleration.
  • the injection screw of the injection molding system of the invention is directly assembled with the drive shaft, and no additional installation process is required, so that the injection screw and the drive shaft can maintain synchronous movement, and the drive shaft is also designed for integral processing, and the stability of the injection molding system. Greatly improve.
  • the injection molding system and the injection molding machine provided by the invention are provided with an elastic energy storage device, and are connected with the tail of the injection screw, can perform back pressure compensation during the pre-plasticization process, and compress energy storage, and release elastic energy storage during the injection process.
  • the device can directly and accurately apply the thrust on the screw to effectively increase the injection pressure and speed; and the elastic energy storage mechanism and the transmission shaft are coaxially arranged to improve the stability of the injection molding system.
  • the back pressure pressure compensation can be performed in the pre-plasticizing process, and the compression energy storage can effectively reduce the rated power of the injection driving motor and reduce the cost of the injection system.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of the principle of a first embodiment of an injection molding system provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the injection molding system provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the drive/drive process of the first embodiment of the injection molding system provided by the present invention.
  • Transmission shaft The transmission shaft of the invention is an integral arrangement, which refers to processing a section of the same shaft.
  • the ball spline is formed, and the other section is processed into a ball screw.
  • the ball screw and the ball spline are integrally arranged, that is, the features and functions of the screw and the spline are simultaneously provided on the same shaft.
  • Axial guiding mechanism It is matched with the spline shaft part of the transmission shaft to guide the axial movement and provide the limit in the circumferential direction.
  • Ball nut mechanism It is installed with the ball screw of the drive shaft. Through the rotation of the ball nut, the linear motion of the drive shaft can be driven, and the guide shaft can also provide partial axial movement guidance.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a high-performance injection molding system and an injection molding machine equipped with the injection molding system, which can reduce the load of the injection molding system during operation, improve the response speed and accuracy of the injection molding system, and reduce the driving power of the injection molding system and improve the efficiency. cut costs.
  • the injection molding system provided by the invention comprises:
  • Screw 1 barrel 2, fixed frame 3, retaining ring 4, spring 5, pre-plastic motor 6, first pre-plastic gear 7, second pre-plastic gear 8, first bearing set 9, drive shaft 10, axial
  • forward of the moving member means moving toward the nozzle 17
  • reverse means moving in a direction away from the nozzle 17.
  • the "rear end” and “rear side” are ends that extend away from the direction of the screw.
  • the "moving back and forth in the axial direction” and “the axial movement in the front and rear direction” mean moving back and forth with respect to the fixed frame.
  • a preferred pre-molding drive mechanism comprises a pre-plastic motor 6, a first pre-plastic gear 7 and a second pre-plastic gear 8, it being noted that one skilled in the art may take other
  • An alternative drive to accomplish the function of the pre-drive drive mechanism includes, but is not limited to, the use of hollow shaft motor direct drives, and the like, which are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • a preferred driving mechanism during the injection process includes an injection motor 13, a first injection gear 14, and a second injection gear 15. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may adopt other alternative drives.
  • the manner of accomplishing the function of the injection drive mechanism including but not limited to the use of a hollow shaft motor direct drive, etc., is well known to those skilled in the art, for example, by directly attaching the hollow shaft motor to the ball nut 12 at the trailing end; or The injection motor can be directly attached to the end of the ball nut 12, the first injection gear 14 and the second injection gear 15 are omitted, and the ball nut 12 is driven to rotate in a direct drive manner.
  • the injection molding system includes a drive shaft and an axial direction that are fitted together
  • the guiding mechanism enables the axial guiding mechanism to provide axial guiding of the transmission shaft while rotating the transmission shaft and the screw about the axis of the transmission shaft, and those skilled in the art can adopt other alternative structures to transmit the rotation of the driving mechanism to the screw.
  • the position at which the force transmitting portion functions is not limited to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ball nut can be rotated by a drive motor or the like, and the drive shaft can be advanced and retracted in the axial direction by the relative rotation of the ball nut, and the thrust generated by the relative rotation of the ball nut can be transmitted.
  • the position serves as a force transmission portion.
  • the position at which the thrust generated by the relative rotation between the drive shaft and the ball nut is transmitted can be used as the force transmitting portion.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the principle of an injection molding system of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view showing the injection molding system of the first embodiment in a cross section.
  • the barrel is 2 and the fixed frame is 3, and the fixed frame 3 is used to support the injection molding system.
  • the barrel 2 is fixedly coupled to the front end of the fixed frame 3 by bolts, and a nozzle 17 is provided at the front end of the barrel 2, and a mold clamping system (not shown) may be disposed in front of the nozzle 17.
  • the injection screw 1 functions as a push-out member, and the main body of the screw 1 is fitted with the inner cavity of the cartridge 2, and the screw 1 can be moved forward and backward or in a rotational motion along the axis of the cartridge 2.
  • the transmission shaft 10 is an integral arrangement, that is, the transmission shaft 10 is a single shaft processed integrally, including a ball spline segment and a ball screw segment, and the ball spline segment is driven by a ball spline pair to drive the pre-plastic action, and is a screw 1 Guide is provided, and the ball screw segment drives the injection action while assisting the screw guide.
  • the tail end of the screw 1 is fixedly coupled to the front end of the transmission shaft 10 to ensure that the movement state of the screw 1 is the same as that of the transmission shaft 10.
  • the inner cavity of the axial guiding mechanism 11 and the ball spline section of the transmission shaft 10 are mounted by ball cooperation, so that the axial guiding mechanism 11 provides the guiding of the driving shaft 10 for axial movement before and after, and also performs the circumferential limit. .
  • the length of the ball spline section of the transmission shaft 10 in the direction of the central axis of the screw 1 is greater than the length of the axial guiding mechanism 11 in the direction of the central axis of the screw 1, so that the transmission shaft 10 and the screw 1 are in the axial direction.
  • the axial guiding mechanism 11 and the ball spline segment of the transmission shaft 10 are always fitted.
  • the outer ring of the axial guiding mechanism 11 is mounted to the middle of the fixed frame 3 by the first bearing set 9, so that the axial direction of the axial guiding mechanism 11 is fixed in position, but it can be rotated along the axis.
  • the retaining ring 4 is mounted at the rear end of the screw 1 (i.e., the moving state of the retaining ring 4 is the same as that of the screw 1), and one end of the spring 5 is fixed to the end surface of the retaining ring 4, and the other end is fixed to the end surface of the second pre-plastic gear 8.
  • the inner cavity of the ball nut 12 is fitted with the ball screw section of the transmission shaft 10, and the outer ring of the ball nut 12 is mounted to the rear end of the fixed frame 3 through the second bearing set 16, thereby axially limiting the ball nut 12. Fixed, but the ball nut 12 can be rotated along the axis.
  • the second injection gear 15 is fixedly coupled to the end surface of the ball nut 12.
  • the rotation of the second injection gear 15 can drive the ball nut 12 to rotate, thereby driving the ball screw segment of the transmission shaft 10 to perform axial movement.
  • the pre-molded motor 6 is fixed on the fixed frame 3
  • the first pre-plastic gear 7 is mounted on the shaft of the pre-plastic motor 6, and the second pre-molded gear 8 is fixedly coupled to the end surface of the axial guiding mechanism 11, the first pre-plastic gear 7 and the second pre-plastic gear 8 are directly meshed or driven by a belt (or a chain or the like).
  • the injection motor 13 is fixed to the fixed frame 3, and the first injection gear 14 is mounted on the shaft of the injection motor 13, and is directly meshed with the second injection gear 15 or driven by a belt (or a chain or the like).
  • the pre-molding motor 6 and the injection motor 13 cause the screw 1 to complete rotation or axial back and forth movement.
  • the pre-molding motor 6 is powered to be transmitted to the second pre-plastic gear 8 through the first pre-plastic gear 7, and the second pre-molding gear 8 drives the axial guiding mechanism 11 to rotate, thereby passing the balls of the axial guiding mechanism 11 and the transmission shaft 10.
  • the spline segment cooperates to drive the transmission shaft 10 to rotate about the axis, and the driving screw 1 rotates to perform a pre-plasticizing action.
  • the screw 1 rotates in the cylinder 2 while receding linearly with respect to the cylinder 2 in the direction of the axis A, and the injection motor 13 rotates, so that the ball nut 12 rotates and the transmission shaft 10 retreats.
  • the retaining ring 4 follows the screw 1 linearly backwards, and the compression spring 5 provides back pressure compensation for the pre-plastic phase; the other back pressure is generated by the slip of the injection motor 13 and the pre-molding motor 6, preferably through a pressure sensor or the like.
  • the device is used in conjunction with closed-loop control to adjust the back pressure.
  • the pre-molding motor 6 is locked, the injection motor 13 supplies power, and the ball nut 12 is driven to rotate by the first injection gear 14 and the second injection gear 15, and then the ball nut 12 and the transmission shaft 10 are matched.
  • the drive shaft 10 is linearly retracted, and the screw 1 is retracted to complete the retraction of the screw 1.
  • the pre-molding motor 6 is locked and does not rotate, and the injection motor 13 supplies power.
  • the first injection gear 14 and the second injection gear 15 drive the rotation of the ball nut 12, and then the ball nut 12 and the transmission shaft 10 cooperate to drive the ball of the transmission shaft 10.
  • the screw segment straightens forward, thereby directly pushing the drive shaft 10 and the screw 1 straight along the axis A with respect to the barrel 2
  • the line advances to complete the injection action of the screw 1, during which the spring 5 is extended and the released spring force provides partial pressure to the injection action.
  • the invention also provides an injection molding machine which adopts the above-mentioned injection molding system of the invention, has a small load during the injection molding process, and the acceleration is greatly improved, which helps to improve the process quality of the injection molded product.
  • the qualifiers similar to "first” and “second” appearing in this document do not refer to the limitation of chronological order, quantity, or importance, but merely to be a technique in the technical solution. Features are distinguished from another technical feature. Similarly, the qualifiers similar to “one” appearing herein are not intended to limit the quantity, but rather to describe the technical features that have not appeared in the foregoing. Similarly, modifiers such as “about” and “approximately” which are used in the context of the word “a” or “an” Similarly, unless a noun is modified by a particular quantity, it should be considered as including the singular and the plural. In the technical solution, the singular number of the technical features may be included, and the plural may also be included. Technical characteristics.
  • the injection molding system and the injection molding machine provided by the present invention achieve the following technical effects and have industrial applicability:
  • the integrated design of the transmission shaft realizes the dual functions of the ball spline and the ball screw, which provides the guiding effect and greatly reduces the friction coefficient during the operation of the injection molding system and improves the injection acceleration.
  • the elastic energy storage device is connected with the tail of the injection screw. During the pre-plasticization process, the back pressure compensation can be performed, and the energy storage is compressed, and the elastic energy storage device is released during the injection process, and the thrust can be directly applied to the screw, effectively The injection pressure and speed are increased; and the elastic energy storage mechanism and the transmission shaft are coaxially arranged to improve the stability of the injection molding system.
  • the elastic energy storage device can perform back pressure compensation during the pre-plasticization process, and compresses the energy storage, effectively reducing the rated power of the injection drive motor and reducing the cost of the injection system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种高性能电动注塑机构及一种注塑成型机，包括一螺杆（1）和一传动轴（10），所述传动轴（10）包括滚珠花键段和滚珠丝杠段；一滚珠螺母机构（12）和一轴向导向机构（11）；该注塑机构以及注塑机在执行注射动作时，需要运动的部件少，只有螺杆（1）、传动轴（10）等机构，而其他驱动和传动部件均不随注射动作做轴向运动，注射运动时系统的质量轻，运动惯量大大减小，因此注射动作的响应速度、精度都大大提高，同时也大大降低了驱动功率。

Description

一种高性能电动注塑机构 技术领域
本发明属于塑料领域，涉及一种在注塑成型机等中使用的电动式注塑机构。
背景技术
塑料行业的消费速度一直在增长，因此，注塑机整体技术水平的提高对于增强塑料行业的竞争力至关重要。
目前，注塑机主要包括电机、减速传动系统、螺杆、丝杠螺母副等部件，其中，螺杆是注塑机的重要部件，用来对塑料进行输送、压实、熔化、搅拌和施压，上述所有动作都是通过螺杆在料筒内的旋转以及沿轴向移动来完成的。在螺杆旋转时，塑料对于机筒内壁、螺杆螺槽底面、螺棱推进面以及塑料与塑料之间在都会产生摩擦及相互运动。
注塑时间对于塑料的成型有着至关重要的作用，同时需要保证注塑系统具有足够的响应速度(即螺杆加速度)，从而保证能在短时间内将熔体注入模具的型腔中。目前传统的注塑装置中，注射过程当中需要运动的部件结构量多且复杂(例如，包括螺杆、伺服电机、预塑传动系统、轴承组、注射螺母及射出滑板座等部件)。根据牛顿第二定律，当注射压力一定的时候，如果射出运动系统的总质量较大，则螺杆获得的加速度随之下降，即注射响应速度受到极大削减，无法在极短时间内达到要求的注射速度，对高速射出要求的工况影响很大。另外，目前传统的射出系统中的运动部件的直线导向以滑动摩擦方式实现，其接触面磨损快、发热多、润滑要求高、润滑不足时出现爬行现象，同时也增加了驱动电机额外消耗的功率。
有鉴于此，如何设计一种新的电动注塑系统及包含该系统的注塑机，以消除现有技术中的上述缺陷和不足，是业内相关技术人员亟待解决的一项课题。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中的技术问题，本发明提供了一种电动注塑系统及包含该注塑系统的注塑机，在执行注射动作时，需要运动的部件比目前传统的注塑成型机少的多，运动惯量大大减小，注射系统的效应速度和注射精度都大大提高。
本发明第一方面，提供一种注塑成型机的注塑系统，包括：
一螺杆；
一传动轴，所述传动轴包括滚珠花键段和滚珠丝杠段，所述螺杆装配在所述传动轴上；
一滚珠螺母机构，所述滚珠螺母机构与所述传动轴的所述滚珠丝杠段配合安装，所述滚珠螺母机构使所述传动轴和所述螺杆沿轴线方向前后移动；和
一轴向导向机构，所述轴向导向机构与所述传动轴的滚珠花键段配合安装，所述轴向导向机构使所述传动轴和所述螺杆绕所述传动轴的轴线旋转。
优选地，所述注塑系统中，所述螺杆和所述传动轴做轴向前后移动，所述滚珠螺母机构和所述轴向导向机构不做轴向前后移动。
优选地，所述传动轴为一体式设置。
优选地，所述注塑系统还包括一弹性储能装置和一挡环，其中，所述挡环装配于所述螺杆的近传动轴的一端，使得所述挡环的运动状态与所述螺杆相同，所述弹性储能装置的一端装配于所述挡环上，另一端保持固定。
优选地，所述弹性储能机构和所述传动轴同轴设置。
优选地，所述轴向导向机构的内腔与所述滚珠花键段通过滚珠配合安装，使得所述轴向导向机构对所述传动轴做前后轴向移动的导向，同时也提供所述传动轴圆周方向的限位。
本发明第二方面，提供一种注塑成型机，包括如本发明第一方面所述的注塑系统以及合模系统。
与现有技术相比较，本发明所提供的注塑系统及注塑成型机的技术方案具有以下优点：
1.本发明提供的注塑系统以及注塑机中，传动轴包括滚珠花键段和滚珠丝杠段，为一体式设置，在同一根传动轴上即实现了滚珠花键和滚珠丝杠的双重功能，提供导向作用的同时大大降低了注塑系统运行过程中的摩擦系数，提升了射出加速度。
2.本发明提供的注塑系统以及注塑机中，执行注射动作时，需要运动的部件很少，只有螺杆和传动轴(以及选择性配置的弹性储能装置，包括但不限于弹簧等)做轴向前后移动，而电机、齿轮/皮带传动部、轴承组、滚珠螺母机构、轴向导向机构、及射出滑板座等其它部件均保持固定，不随注射动作做轴向前后 运动，注塑系统的移动部分的质量很轻，在注射压力一定的情况下，射出运动系统的总质量大大减小，运动惯量大大减小，螺杆获得的加速度大大提升，因此注射系统的效应速度和注射精度都大大提高。
3.本发明的注塑系统中的注射螺杆与传动轴直接装配，无需额外的安装加工过程，使得注射螺杆与传动轴可以保持同步运动，并且，传动轴也为一体加工设计，注塑系统的稳定性大大提高。
4.本发明提供的注塑系统以及注塑机设有弹性储能装置，并且与注射螺杆的尾部连接，预塑过程中能够进行背压压力补偿，并且压缩储能，在注射过程中释放弹性储能装置，可将推力直接地、准确地作用在螺杆上，有效地提升射出压力和速度；并且，弹性储能机构和传动轴同轴设置，提高了注塑系统的稳定性。
5.本发明中弹性储能装置的应用，预塑过程中能够进行背压压力补偿，并且压缩储能，有效降低了注射驱动电机的额定功率，减小注射系统的成本。
附图说明
关于本发明的优点与精神可以通过以下的发明详述及附图得到进一步的了解。
图1是本发明所提供的注塑系统的第一实施例的原理示意图。
图2是本发明所提供的注塑系统的第一实施例的结构俯视图。
图3是本发明所提供的注塑系统的第一实施例的驱动/传动过程俯视图。
最佳实施例
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的具体实施例。然而，应当将本发明理解成并不局限于以下描述的这种实施方式，并且本发明的技术理念可以与其他公知技术或功能与那些公知技术相同的其他技术组合实施。
在以下具体实施例的说明中，为了清楚展示本发明的结构及工作方式，将借助诸多方向性词语进行描述，但是应当将“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“外”、“内”、“向外”、“向内”、“轴向”、“径向”等词语理解为方便用语，而不应当理解为限定性词语。
术语说明
1、传动轴：本发明的传动轴为一体式设置，指的是将同一根轴的一段加工 成滚珠花键，另一段加工成滚珠丝杠，滚珠丝杠和滚珠花键一体式设置，即在同一根轴上同时具有丝杠和花键的特征和功能。
2、轴向导向机构：与传动轴的花键轴部分配合安装，对其做轴向移动的导向，同时提供圆周方向的限位。
3、滚珠螺母机构：与传动轴的滚珠丝杠配合安装，通过滚珠螺母的转动，可驱动传动轴直线运动，同时也可以为传动轴提供部分轴向移动的导向。
本发明的目的在于提供一种高性能注塑系统以及配置有该注塑系统的注塑机，减轻注塑系统运行时的负载，提升注塑系统的响应速度及精度，同时减小注塑系统的驱动功率，提升效能降低成本。
下面结合附图1-3详细说明本发明的具体实施例。
本发明提供的注塑系统，包括：
螺杆1、料筒2、固定机架3、挡环4、弹簧5、预塑电机6、第一预塑齿轮7、第二预塑齿轮8、第一轴承组9、传动轴10、轴向导向机构11、滚珠螺母12、注射电机13、第一注射齿轮14、第二注射齿轮15、第二轴承组16、喷嘴17。
在本说明书中，移动部件的“前进”是指朝靠近喷嘴17的方向移动，“后退”是指朝远离喷嘴17的方向移动。
在本说明书中，所述“后端”、“后侧”是指向远离螺杆方向延伸的一端。
在本说明书中，所述“沿轴线方向前后移动”、“前后轴向移动”指的是相对于固定机架前后移动。
本发明的实施方式中，一种优选的预塑过程中的驱动机构包括预塑电机6、第一预塑齿轮7和第二预塑齿轮8，需注意的是，本领域技术人员可采取其他可替代的驱动方式来完成预塑驱动机构的功能，包括但不限于采用中空轴电机直驱等本领域技术人员所熟知的方式。
本发明的实施方式中，一种优选的注射过程中的驱动机构包括注射电机13、第一注射齿轮14和第二注射齿轮15，需注意的是，本领域技术人员可采取其他可替代的驱动方式来完成注射驱动机构的功能，包括但不限于采用中空轴电机直驱等本领域技术人员所熟知的方式，例如，将中空轴电机直接固连在位于尾端的滚珠螺母12上来完成；或者，可直接将注射电机固连在滚珠螺母12尾端，省略掉第一注射齿轮14和第二注射齿轮15，以直驱方式驱动滚珠螺母12转动。
本发明的实施方式中，优选地，注塑系统包括配合安装的传动轴和轴向 导向机构，使轴向导向机构提供传动轴的轴向导向，同时使传动轴和螺杆绕传动轴的轴线旋转，本领域技术人员可采用其他可替换的结构实现将驱动机构的旋转传递至螺杆，并使螺杆轴向移动的功能。
本发明的实施方式中，起到力传递部作用的位置并不局限于本发明中的实施方式所列举。例如，根据驱动方式不同，可以利用驱动电机等使滚珠螺母旋转，并利用该滚珠螺母的相对旋转使传动轴沿轴线方向前进、后退，在对因滚珠螺母的相对旋转而产生的推力进行传递的位置作为力传递部。总之，只要对传动轴与滚珠螺母间相对的旋转而产生的推力进行传递的位置都可作为力的传递部。
实施例一：
以下，参照图1-3对本发明第一实施方式的注塑系统结构进行说明。
图1示出了本发明第一实施方式的注塑系统的原理示意图。
图2是以剖面的方式表示第一实施方式的注塑系统的俯视图。
料筒为2，固定机架为3，固定机架3用于对注塑系统进行支承。料筒2通过螺栓固定联接在固定机架3的前端，在料筒2的前端设有喷嘴17，在喷嘴17的前方可配置有合模系统(图示未标出)。
起到推出构件的作用的注射螺杆1，螺杆1的主体与料筒2的内腔配合安装，螺杆1可沿料筒2的轴线做前后或旋转运动。
传动轴10为一体式设置，即传动轴10为一体加工的单根轴，包括滚珠花键段和滚珠丝杠段，滚珠花键段采用滚珠花键副驱动预塑动作的同时，为螺杆1提供导向，滚珠丝杠段驱动注射动作的同时，辅助螺杆导向。
螺杆1的尾端与传动轴10的前端固连，保证螺杆1的运动状态与传动轴10的运动状态相同。
轴向导向机构11的内腔与传动轴10的滚珠花键段通过滚珠配合安装，从而使得轴向导向机构11对传动轴10提供做前后轴向运动的导向，同时也做圆周方向的限位。
优选地，传动轴10的滚珠花键段在螺杆1的中心轴线方向上的长度大于轴向导向机构11在螺杆1的中心轴线方向上的长度，以便于传动轴10与螺杆1在做轴向直线运动时，轴向导向机构11与传动轴10的滚珠花键段之间始终配合。
轴向导向机构11的外圈通过第一轴承组9安装于固定机架3的中部，从而使得轴向导向机构11的轴向被限位固定，但其可沿轴线做旋转运动。
挡环4安装在螺杆1的尾端(即挡环4的运动状态与螺杆1相同)，弹簧5的一端固定在挡环4的端面，另一端固定在第二预塑齿轮8的端面。
滚珠螺母12的内腔与传动轴10的滚珠丝杠段配合安装，滚珠螺母12的外圈通过第二轴承组16安装于固定机架3的尾端，从而对滚珠螺母12进行轴向限位固定，但滚珠螺母12可沿轴线做旋转运动。
第二注射齿轮15固定连接在滚珠螺母12的端面，第二注射齿轮15旋转可带动滚珠螺母12旋转运动，从而驱动传动轴10的滚珠丝杠段做轴向运动。
预塑电机6固定在固定机架3上，第一预塑齿轮7安装在预塑电机6的轴上，第二预塑齿轮8固定连接在轴向导向机构11的端面，第一预塑齿轮7和第二预塑齿轮8直接啮合或通过皮带(或链条等)传动。
注射电机13固定在固定机架3上，第一注射齿轮14安装在注射电机13的轴上，和第二注射齿轮15直接啮合或通过皮带(或链条等)传动。
预塑电机6和注射电机13使螺杆1完成旋转或轴向前后运动。
以下，参照图1-3对本发明第一实施方式的注塑系统的工作过程进行说明。
1.预塑阶段：
预塑电机6提供动力，通过第一预塑齿轮7传递给第二预塑齿轮8，第二预塑齿轮8带动轴向导向机构11旋转，从而通过轴向导向机构11和传动轴10的滚珠花键段配合带动传动轴10绕轴线旋转，驱动螺杆1转动，进行预塑动作。
在预塑的过程中，螺杆1在料筒2内旋转，同时相对于料筒2沿轴线A方向直线后退，注射电机13旋转，使得滚珠螺母12转动，传动轴10后退。此时，挡环4跟随螺杆1直线后退，压缩弹簧5，为预塑阶段提供背压补偿；其他背压压力由注射电机13和预塑电机6的转差产生，优选地可以通过压力传感器等装置的配合使用进行闭环控制，调节背压大小。
预塑阶段完成，预塑电机6锁止不转，注射电机13提供动力，通过第一注射齿轮14和第二注射齿轮15驱动滚珠螺母12转动，再由滚珠螺母12和传动轴10的配合，驱动传动轴10直线后退，螺杆1后退，完成螺杆1的松退。
2.注射阶段：
预塑电机6锁止不转，注射电机13提供动力，通过第一注射齿轮14和第二注射齿轮15驱动滚珠螺母12转动，再由滚珠螺母12和传动轴10配合，驱动传动轴10的滚珠丝杠段直线前进，从而直接推动传动轴10和螺杆1相对于料筒2沿轴线A直 线前进，完成螺杆1的注射动作，该过程中，弹簧5伸展，释放的弹簧力为注射动作提供部分压力。
因此，上述注塑系统的运行过程中，只有螺杆1、挡环4、弹簧5、传动轴10进行轴向前进或后退的直线移动，其他动力元件和传动元件等均不做轴向移动。整个注射装置的射出加速度大大提高，进而提升了注塑系统的响应加速度和速度，保证了射出动作的控制精度，同时弹簧提供的背压补偿和注射压力也增强，减小了注射系统的驱动功率，提高了注塑系统的整体工艺，提升效能，降低成本。
本发明还提供一种注塑机，该注塑机采用了本发明上述提到的注塑系统，在进行注塑工艺过程中的射出动作的负载小，加速度大大提高，有助于提高注塑产品的工艺质量。
如无特别说明，本文中出现的类似于“第一”、“第二”的限定语并非是指对时间顺序、数量、或者重要性的限定，而仅仅是为了将本技术方案中的一个技术特征与另一个技术特征相区分。同样地，本文中出现的类似于“一”的限定语并非是指对数量的限定，而是描述在前文中未曾出现的技术特征。同样地，本文中在数词前出现的类似于“大约”、“近似地”的修饰语通常包含本数，并且其具体的含义应当结合上下文意理解。同样地，除非是有特定的数量量词修饰的名词，否则在本文中应当视作即包含单数形式又包含复数形式，在该技术方案中即可以包括单数个该技术特征，也可以包括复数个该技术特征。
本说明书中所述的只是本发明的较佳具体实施例，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明的限制。凡本领域技术人员依本发明的构思通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在本发明的范围之内。
工业实用性
综上所述，本发明提供的注塑系统以及注塑机实现了以下技术效果，具备工业实用性：
1.一体式设计的传动轴实现了滚珠花键和滚珠丝杠的双重功能，提供导向作用的同时大大降低了注塑系统运行过程中的摩擦系数，提升了射出加速度。
2.执行注射动作时，需要运动的部件很少，只有螺杆和传动轴做轴向前后移动，而电机、齿轮/皮带传动部、轴承组、滚珠螺母机构、轴向导向机构、及射出滑板座等其它部件均保持固定，不随注射动作做轴向前后运动，注塑系统的移 动部分的质量轻，在注射压力一定的情况下，射出运动系统的总质量大大减小，运动惯量大大减小，螺杆获得的加速度大大提升，因此注射系统的效应速度和注射精度都大大提高。
3.注射螺杆与传动轴直接装配，无需额外的安装加工过程，使得注射螺杆与传动轴可以保持同步运动，并且，传动轴也为一体加工设计，注塑系统的稳定性大大提高。
4.弹性储能装置与注射螺杆的尾部连接，预塑过程中能够进行背压压力补偿，并且压缩储能，在注射过程中释放弹性储能装置，可将推力直接作用在螺杆上，有效地提升射出压力和速度；并且，弹性储能机构和传动轴同轴设置，提高了注塑系统的稳定性。
5.弹性储能装置在预塑过程中能够进行背压压力补偿，并且压缩储能，有效降低了注射驱动电机的额定功率，减小注射系统的成本。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种注塑成型机的注塑系统，其特征在于，包括：
    一螺杆；
    一传动轴，所述传动轴包括滚珠花键段和滚珠丝杠段，所述螺杆装配在所述传动轴上；
    一滚珠螺母机构，所述滚珠螺母机构与所述传动轴的所述滚珠丝杠段配合安装，所述滚珠螺母机构使所述传动轴和所述螺杆沿轴线方向前后移动；和
    一轴向导向机构，所述轴向导向机构与所述传动轴的滚珠花键段配合安装，所述轴向导向机构使所述传动轴和所述螺杆绕所述传动轴的轴线旋转。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的注塑系统，其特征在于，所述注塑系统中，所述螺杆和所述传动轴做轴向前后移动，所述滚珠螺母机构和所述轴向导向机构不做轴向前后移动。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的注塑系统，其特征在于，所述传动轴为一体式设置。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的注塑系统，其特征在于，所述注塑系统还包括一弹性储能装置和一挡环，其中，所述挡环装配于所述螺杆的近传动轴的一端，使得所述挡环的运动状态与所述螺杆相同，所述弹性储能装置的一端装配于所述挡环上，另一端保持固定。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的注塑系统，其特征在于，所述弹性储能机构和所述传动轴同轴设置。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的注塑系统，其特征在于，所述轴向导向机构的内腔与所述滚珠花键段通过滚珠配合安装，使得所述轴向导向机构对所述传动轴做前后轴向移动的导向，同时也提供所述传动轴圆周方向的限位。
  7. 一种注塑成型机，包括如权利要求1-6任一项所述的注塑系统以及合模系统。
PCT/CN2017/086354 2017-05-27 2017-05-27 一种高性能电动注塑机构 WO2018218431A1 (zh)

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