WO2018216815A1 - Ship diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method and treatment device - Google Patents

Ship diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method and treatment device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018216815A1
WO2018216815A1 PCT/JP2018/020239 JP2018020239W WO2018216815A1 WO 2018216815 A1 WO2018216815 A1 WO 2018216815A1 JP 2018020239 W JP2018020239 W JP 2018020239W WO 2018216815 A1 WO2018216815 A1 WO 2018216815A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
water
soot
marine diesel
gas treatment
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2018/020239
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
松浦　一雄
清水　哲也
典司 金子
琢磨 芦田
弘行 山本
康文 森田
Original Assignee
ナノミストテクノロジーズ株式会社
常石造船株式会社
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Application filed by ナノミストテクノロジーズ株式会社, 常石造船株式会社 filed Critical ナノミストテクノロジーズ株式会社
Publication of WO2018216815A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018216815A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/32—Arrangements of propulsion power-unit exhaust uptakes; Funnels peculiar to vessels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/463—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrocoagulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus for separating a soot material contained in exhaust gas of a marine diesel engine.
  • the exhaust gas from marine diesel engines contains soot (PM) made of fine carbon. Marine diesel engines have a very large output and exhaust a large amount of exhaust gas. Therefore, it is required to separate the soot and clarify the exhaust gas.
  • water is sprinkled in the exhaust gas to obtain scrubber water containing soot, and this scrubber water is centrifuged with a centrifuge to separate contaminated water containing soot material.
  • the above methods require extremely large energy for centrifugation. This is because the specific gravity difference between soot and water is extremely small, and soot is dispersed in the scrubber water in a very fine state. From this, for example, in a 10 MW class marine diesel engine, the power consumption of the centrifuge that removes soot from the scrubber water is 30 kW and consumes considerable power. Centrifugation is powered by a generator driven by the generator engine, so the power consumption of the centrifuge causes a reduction in fuel for the generator engine. In addition, since the centrifugal separator separates fine soot and water having a small specific gravity difference by centrifugal force, it is difficult to make scrubber water into clean treated water. Since the treated water from which the salmon has been separated is dumped into the sea, it is extremely important to dump it into the sea as clean as possible.
  • the present invention was developed for the purpose of eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks.
  • the first object of the present invention is to efficiently clarify exhaust gas from marine diesel engines with extremely low power consumption.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a marine diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus capable of improving the fuel efficiency of a generator engine by reducing energy consumption for removing soot from scrubber water for removing exhaust gas soot.
  • the second object of the present invention is a step of releasing aggregated ions that aggregate the soot, in which fresh water is subjected to conductive treatment using sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines, so that the water becomes conductive.
  • the exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine of the present invention includes a contact step of bringing the exhaust gas of a marine diesel engine into contact with fresh water to form a conductive scrubber water containing sulfur components and soot contained in the exhaust gas, and contact
  • the conductive scrubber water obtained in the process is passed between a pair of ionization electrodes 13 to which a voltage is applied to release aggregated ions into the scrubber water, and the aggregated ions released are included in the scrubber water.
  • It comprises an agglomeration step for agglomerating the soot to produce agglomerated water containing agglomerated soot, and a separation step for separating the agglomerated soot from the soot-agglomerated water obtained in the agglomeration step.
  • the above-described exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines can clarify the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines efficiently with extremely low power consumption, especially energy consumption for removing soot from scrubber water that removes soot from exhaust gas.
  • the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine is used for the conductive treatment of the fresh water.
  • electricity is passed through conductive water with an ionization electrode to efficiently release the aggregated ions, and the aggregated soot is effectively agglomerated with the released aggregated ions to separate the aggregated soot.
  • the exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine described above is such that the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine is brought into contact with fresh water, and the fresh water is conductively treated with sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine.
  • the soot from the exhaust gas is transferred to the scrubber water that has been subjected to the conductive treatment, and the scrubber water containing the soot that is conductively treated with the sulfur component of the exhaust gas is passed between the ionization electrodes, so that the aluminum of the electrode is dissolved and aggregated
  • the scrubber water is aggregated to form aggregated soot, and the aggregated aggregated soot is separated from the soot aggregated water.
  • the above method uses fresh water that is less corrosive to equipment as a raw material for scrubber water, and uses the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines to make this fresh water conductive water. Without using a conductive agent, fresh water can be converted into conductive water.
  • the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines contains a sulfur component, the electrical conductivity of fresh water is significantly improved by bringing the exhaust gas into contact with fresh water. Further, in the step of bringing the fresh water into contact with the exhaust gas, the fresh water becomes conductive water, and the soot contained in the exhaust gas shifts to the conductive water to become scrubber water containing soot.
  • the fresh water is converted into the conductive water, and further the soot is transferred to make the scrubber water having conductivity and containing soot.
  • the use of fresh water as raw material water is characterized in that the corrosion of the equipment can be reduced, and conducting treatment with a sulfur component does not require the addition of a conductive material to fresh water.
  • the use of fresh water realizes the durability of the equipment, and in one step of bringing fresh water into contact with the exhaust gas, being able to make scrubber water that is conductive and contains soot simplifies the structure of the equipment used as scrubber water, Realizes the characteristics of efficient scrubber water.
  • the aluminum of the electrode can be ionized to efficiently ionize the aggregated ions, and the soot is aggregated with the ionized aggregated ions. Therefore, the scrubber water is efficiently aggregated so that it can be easily and easily separated from the scrubber water efficiently.
  • fine soot is separated as agglomerated soot, it can be separated quickly and efficiently by precipitation without using a centrifuge as in the prior art.
  • the above method can simplify the structure for obtaining conductive scrubber water, the structure for agglomerating scrubber water soot, and all the structure for separating the coagulated soot from scrubber water. It does not consume a large amount of power unlike a centrifuge. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently separate the soot from a large amount of exhaust gas discharged from the marine engine with very little energy consumption, and to realize a feature that can efficiently separate the soot component from the scrubber water and treat it into clear water.
  • the power generated at the output of the generator engine is used for the removal of soot from the exhaust gas and the clarification of the scrubber water. Since the present invention can significantly reduce the power consumption in this process, the output of the generator engine is reduced.
  • the ratio used for soot removal and scrubber water clarification is extremely small, realizing the characteristics that can significantly improve the fuel efficiency of the generator engine.
  • the electric power used for separating soot from scrubber water is as low as about 1 kW, and a conventional centrifugal separator is used. Compared with the method using the power consumption, the power consumption can be remarkably reduced.
  • the exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines according to an aspect of the present invention is characterized in that soot can be efficiently aggregated by using an ionization electrode as an aluminum electrode and agglomerated ions released to the scrubber water as aluminum ions.
  • the exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines can precipitate and separate the coagulated soot contained in the coagulated water in the coagulation step.
  • This exhaust gas treatment method is particularly characterized in that soot can be separated with a simple structure.
  • an aluminum alloy containing silicon can be used for the ionization electrode.
  • an alloy containing at least one of iron, copper, manganese, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc can be used for the ionization electrode.
  • the exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines can forcibly stir the scrubber water in the agglomeration step, and uniformly aggregates the soot material contained in the scrubber water by this method. There is a feature that can be separated efficiently.
  • the exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines of the present invention is characterized in that the generation of bubbles on the liquid surface can be reduced by spraying scrubber water on the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell in the aggregation process.
  • the exhaust gas treatment apparatus for removing soot from the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine of the present invention includes a contactor 5 that uses fresh water as a conductive state and scrubber water that contains exhaust gas soot, and scrubber water obtained by the contactor 5.
  • the agglomerator 6 includes coagulated water containing aggregated soot that is the aggregate of the soot and the separator 7 that separates the aggregated soot contained in the coagulated water obtained from the coagulator 6.
  • the contactor 5 has a contact portion between fresh water and exhaust gas, which is made into scrubber water in which exhaust gas is brought into contact with fresh water and brought into a conductive state with sulfur components of the exhaust gas, and the flue gas is transferred.
  • An electrolyzer 12 that stores scrubber water obtained by the contactor 5 at a predetermined liquid level, a pair of ionization electrodes 13 that are immersed in the scrubber water of the electrolyzer 12 and arranged at opposing positions, and a pair of ionization electrodes
  • a power source 14 that applies voltage to 13 to release aggregated ions into the conductive scrubber water stored in the electrolytic cell 12, and uses the aggregated ions to make the soot contained in the scrubber water into aggregated soot.
  • the scrubber water soot containing the sulfur component obtained in the contactor 5 is coagulated by the coagulator 6 to form coagulated water, and the coagulated soot of soot aggregated water is separated by the separator 7.
  • the above-mentioned exhaust gas treatment equipment for marine diesel engines can clarify the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines efficiently with very low power consumption, especially energy consumption for removing soot from scrubber water that removes soot from exhaust gas
  • the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine is conductively treated with fresh water, Efficiently releases aggregated ions by conducting electricity to water with conductivity using an ionization electrode, and effectively aggregates soot by the aggregated ions released to form aggregated soot.
  • the exhaust gas treatment device for a marine diesel engine described above makes the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine come into contact with fresh water, and the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is dissolved in the fresh water to conduct conductive treatment.
  • the scrubber water transferred to the conductive scrubber water is subjected to a conductive treatment with the sulfur component of the exhaust gas and the scrubber water containing soot is passed between the ionization electrodes, so that the aluminum of the electrode. This is because the agglomerated ions are dissolved to form aggregated ions, and the aggregates of the scrubber water are aggregated to form aggregated soots, and the aggregated aggregated soot is separated from the aggregated coagulated water.
  • the above exhaust gas treatment equipment uses fresh water with less corrosiveness of the equipment as the raw material for scrubber water, and uses the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines to make this fresh water conductive water.
  • the fresh water can be made into conductive water without adding a conductive agent while using fresh water.
  • the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines contains a sulfur component, the electrical conductivity of fresh water is significantly improved by bringing the exhaust gas into contact with fresh water. Further, in the step of bringing the fresh water into contact with the exhaust gas, the fresh water becomes conductive water, and the soot contained in the exhaust gas shifts to the conductive water to become scrubber water containing soot.
  • the fresh water is converted into the conductive water, and further the soot is transferred to make the scrubber water having conductivity and containing soot.
  • the use of fresh water as raw material water is characterized in that the corrosion of the equipment can be reduced, and conducting treatment with a sulfur component does not require the addition of a conductive material to fresh water.
  • Using fresh water realizes the durability of the equipment, and by bringing fresh water into contact with the exhaust gas, making scrubber water that is conductive and contains soot simplifies the structure of the equipment used as scrubber water, Realizes the characteristics of efficient scrubber water.
  • the aluminum of the electrode can be ionized to efficiently ionize the aggregated ions, and the soot is aggregated with the ionized aggregated ions. Therefore, the scrubber water is efficiently aggregated so that it can be easily and easily separated from the scrubber water efficiently.
  • fine soot is separated as agglomerated soot, it can be separated quickly and efficiently by precipitation without using a centrifuge as in the prior art.
  • the above apparatus can simplify the structure for obtaining conductive scrubber water, the structure for agglomerating scrubber water soot, and all the structure for separating the coagulated soot from scrubber water. It does not consume a large amount of power unlike a centrifuge. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently separate the soot from a large amount of exhaust gas discharged from the marine engine with very little energy consumption, and to realize a feature that can efficiently separate the soot component from the scrubber water and treat it into clear water.
  • the electric power generated by the output of the generator engine is used, but since the power consumption in the exhaust gas treatment can be remarkably reduced, the output of the marine engine is reduced.
  • the ratio used for soot removal and scrubber water clarification is extremely small, realizing the characteristics that can significantly improve the fuel efficiency of the generator engine.
  • An agglomerator that energizes ionized electrodes immersed in conductive scrubber water and agglomerates soot with agglomerated ions that are ionized from the electrode makes fine micron-order soot approximately 100 times larger soot.
  • the scrubber water conductively treated with a large amount of sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines has a low electrical resistance and consumes a small amount of electric power by energizing the ionization electrode.
  • the exhaust gas treatment apparatus of the present invention has a feature that the power used for separating soot from the scrubber water is as small as about 1 kW, and the power consumption can be remarkably reduced as compared with a method using a conventional centrifugal separator. is there.
  • the exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine is characterized in that soot can be efficiently aggregated using an ionized electrode as an aluminum electrode and aggregated ions released to the scrubber water as aluminum ions.
  • the exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine is a coagulator 6 including a settling tank 20 for agglomerated water, or a cyclone, and can aggregate agglomerated soot from the agglomerated water using the settling tank 20 or the cyclone.
  • soot can be quickly separated with a very simple sedimentation tank or cyclone, and with a device that consumes little power.
  • the ionization electrode 13 can be made of an aluminum alloy containing silicon. In the exhaust gas treatment apparatus for marine diesel engines of the present invention, the ionization electrode 13 can be an alloy containing at least one of iron, copper, manganese, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc.
  • the exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine can forcibly stir the scrubber water in the agglomeration step, and this structure uniformly agglomerates the soot material contained in the scrubber water. There is a feature that can be separated efficiently.
  • the exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine is characterized in that scrubber water is sprinkled on the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell in the aggregation process to reduce generation of bubbles on the liquid surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of the exhaust gas processing apparatus of the marine diesel engine concerning the other Example of this invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the exhaust gas treatment device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It is a cross-sectional view of the electrolytic cell shown in FIG. It is a block diagram of the exhaust-gas processing apparatus concerning another Example.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 are schematic block diagrams of a marine diesel engine equipped with an exhaust gas treatment device 100.
  • the diesel engine includes a turbocharger 1 and circulates part of the exhaust gas to the intake side of the engine body 2 by EGR (exhaust gas recirculation).
  • the turbocharger 1 includes a turbine that is rotated by exhaust gas, and a compressor that is rotated by the turbine and compresses air to flow into the intake side of the engine body 2.
  • the marine diesel engine shown in the figure mixes a part of the exhaust gas with the air pressurized by the compressor of the turbocharger 1 and supplies it to the engine body 2. After the exhaust gas passes through the turbine of the turbocharger 1, a part of the exhaust gas is branched and circulated to the intake side of the engine body 2.
  • the marine diesel engine in FIG. 1 has an exhaust gas treatment device 100 connected to the EGR circuit 3.
  • the diesel engine in this figure separates exhaust gas soot from the EGR circuit 3 and causes the engine body 2 to suck it. Since this marine diesel engine separates soot from only the exhaust gas in the EGR circuit 3, the processing capacity of the exhaust gas treatment device 100 is reduced, and the engine body 2 sucks the clear exhaust gas from which soot is separated.
  • the marine diesel engine in FIG. 2 separates soot from all exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine. Therefore, this diesel engine exhausts the clear exhaust gas from which soot is separated to the outside, and also supplies the engine body 2 with the exhaust gas from which soot is separated.
  • the marine diesel engine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 both sucks exhaust gas separated from soot into the engine body 2, thereby preventing problems caused by soot on the suction side of the engine body 2, for example, soot accumulation. There are features that can be done.
  • Exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 3 is a contactor 5 in which fresh water stored in the ship is made conductive with sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine, and scrubber water is transferred from the exhaust gas soot, Separation for separating the agglomerator 6 containing the agglomerated soot containing the agglomerated soot that is an agglomerate of the soot contained in the scrubber water obtained by the contactor 5 and the agglomerated soot contained in the agglomerated water obtained by the aggregator 6 And a container 7.
  • the desalination apparatus 4 uses fresh water stored in the ship in a fresh water tank 8 for use.
  • the fresh water tank 8 is a tank that stores fresh water such as tap water when calling at a port.
  • the fresh water in the fresh water tank 8 can be a distillation apparatus or RO apparatus that obtains fresh water using the waste heat of the diesel engine.
  • the distillation apparatus evaporates seawater with the waste heat of the engine and then condenses it into fresh water.
  • the RO apparatus supplies the seawater to the RO membrane with the pressurizing pump 28 in a pressurized state to desalinate the seawater.
  • the RO membrane is a membrane that separates salt and minerals contained in seawater and permeates fresh water.
  • the pressurizing pump 28 pressurizes and supplies seawater to the RO membrane.
  • the RO device continuously operates and stores fresh water obtained from seawater in the fresh water tank 8.
  • the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 including the desalination apparatus 4 is characterized in that fresh water can be prepared from seawater during voyage because fresh water is obtained from seawater.
  • the contactor 5 brings fresh water into contact with the exhaust gas, dissolves the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas into the fresh water to make the fresh water conductive, and transfers the soot from the exhaust gas to the fresh water to produce conductive scrubber water. And a contact portion for exhaust gas.
  • Heavy oil used as a fuel for marine diesel engines contains a sulfur component. Since the sulfur component of the fuel is contained in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine, when the exhaust gas comes into contact with fresh water, the sulfur component is dissolved in the fresh water and becomes sulfate ions or sulfate to make the fresh water conductive.
  • a nozzle 10 for injecting fresh water into a sealed chamber 9 connected to the exhaust gas flow path, and a contact portion between the fresh water and the exhaust gas is provided inside the sealed chamber 9. .
  • the fresh water sprayed from the nozzle 10 comes into contact with the exhaust gas, dissolves the sulfur component to make the fresh water conductive, and exhaust gas soot adheres to the water droplets and becomes conductive and becomes scrubber water containing soot. Scrubber water accumulates at the bottom of the sealed chamber 9 and is supplied to the aggregator 6 via the scrubber water pump 11.
  • the aggregator 6 has an electrolyzer 12 that stores the scrubber water supplied from the contactor 5 at a predetermined liquid level, and a pair of ionization electrodes 13 that are immersed in the scrubber water of the electrolyzer 12 and arranged at opposing positions. Then, a voltage is applied to the pair of ionization electrodes 13, the conductive scrubber water stored in the electrolytic cell 12 is energized, the ionization electrode 13 is dissolved to release the aggregated ions, and the scrubber water is generated with the aggregated ions. And a power source 14 that uses the soot contained in the water as coagulated soot as coagulated water.
  • the electrolytic cell 12 is an elongated box shape extending in the horizontal direction, and the bottom plate 15 has a central concave curved shape in a cross-sectional shape cut in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
  • This electrolytic cell 12 is in a state where the water level of the internal scrubber water is swaying and the internal scrubber water is stirred, and the scrubber water does not stagnate in the corner portion. It can be agglomerated without stirring so that it can be stirred uniformly.
  • the electrolytic cell 12 in FIG. 4 has a bottom plate 15 having a curved surface along a semicircle.
  • This electrolytic cell 12 does not stagnate at both sides in the width direction of the bottom plate 15 and can stir the scrubber water in an ideal state.
  • the electrolytic cell has a shape in which the corners on both sides in the width direction are chamfered with a predetermined radius of curvature or a shape in which the chamfer is flattened to prevent the scrubber water from stagnating in the corners. Water cocoons can be uniformly agglomerated.
  • the elongate electrolytic cell 12 is installed in the ship in a posture in which the longitudinal direction extends in the front and rear direction of the ship, in other words, in parallel with the ship, or in a posture in which the longitudinal direction is orthogonal to the front and rear of the ship. Is done.
  • the elongate electrolytic cell 12 arranged in parallel with the ship moves scrubber water along the curved surface of the bottom plate 15 by rolling the ship and moves left and right, and flows and agitates in the longitudinal direction by pitching the ship.
  • the elongate electrolytic cell 12 arranged so as to intersect with the ship moves the scrubber water to the left and right by pitching the ship, and flows and agitates the scrubber water in the longitudinal direction by rolling the ship.
  • the 3 has an agitator 16 for scrubber water inside.
  • the stirrer 16 has a stirring blade 19 fixed to a rotating shaft 17 that is rotated by a reduction motor 18.
  • the rotating shaft 17 is in a horizontal posture extending in the longitudinal direction of the electrolytic cell 12, and both ends are connected to the electrolytic cell 12 so as to be able to rotate in a watertight structure.
  • the rotating shaft 17 is connected to a reduction motor 18 at a portion protruding outside the electrolytic cell 12.
  • the stirrer 16 arranges the stirring blade 19 outside the ionization electrode 13 and stirs the scrubber water on both outsides of the ionization electrode 13.
  • the stirrer 16 adjusts the rotation speed of the stirring blade 19 to control the stirring state of the scrubber water.
  • the stirrer 16 adjusts, for example, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 17 to such an extent that the scrubber water is uniformly agglomerated and the agglomerated agglomerate is not stirred and dispersed by stirring, for example, 10 RPM to 600 RPM.
  • the optimum number of rotations of the stirrer 16 varies depending on the size of the stirring blade 19 and the volume of the electrolytic cell 12, and is set to an optimum value in consideration of these factors.
  • a pair of ionized electrodes 13 are disposed soaking in scrubber water.
  • the ionization electrode 13 is energized between the electrodes, and the metal electrode is dissolved by an electric current to release metal ions.
  • the released metal ions become aggregated ions and agglomerate the scrubber water.
  • a voltage is applied to the ionization electrode 13
  • an electric current flows through the conductive scrubber water, and a metal such as aluminum is dissolved in the scrubber water to release aggregated ions. Since the amount of aggregated ions released is proportional to the current flowing between the electrodes, the amount of aggregated ions released is adjusted by adjusting the current value of the ionization electrode 13.
  • Aggregation of soot can be rapidly carried out by increasing the concentration of aggregated ions. However, if the concentration of the aggregated ions is too high, aggregated ions that are not used for aggregation of the soot remain, so the aggregated ion is controlled to an amount that can reduce the residual amount while coagulating the soot.
  • the concentration of the aggregated ions is controlled by adjusting the current flowing through the ionization electrode 13.
  • the current of the ionization electrode 13 can be adjusted by the voltage applied to the pair of ionization electrodes 13 and the area of the ionization electrodes 13 arranged to face each other. By increasing the voltage applied to the ionization electrode 13 and widening the opposing area, the current between the electrodes increases.
  • the voltage between the electrodes is set to an optimum value in consideration of the facing area of the ionization electrode 13.
  • the aggregator 6 in which the internal volume of the electrolytic cell 12 is 100 liters, the opposing area of the electrodes is 0.5 square meters, and the distance between the electrodes is 2 cm, the current of the ionization electrode 13 is set to 10A to 50A and the aggregated ions are released.
  • the current of the ionization electrode 13 changes with the applied voltage and increases as the voltage increases. However, the electrode current also changes depending on the surface state of the electrode. This is because, if aluminum oxide or various deposits adhere to the surface of the ionization electrode 13, the surface conductivity is lowered and the current is reduced.
  • the voltage between the electrodes is adjusted to a voltage having the current value of the ionization electrode 13 as a set value. Deposits deposited on the opposing surface of the ionization electrode 13 cause short-circuiting between the electrodes. This problem can be prevented by disposing an insulating separator on the opposite surface of the ionization electrode 13 or by widening the electrode interval to 1 cm or more.
  • the ionization electrode 13 uses an aluminum alloy containing silicon.
  • the aluminum alloy of the electrode is an aluminum-silicon alloy in which the silicon content is, for example, 0.05 wt% to 6 wt%, preferably 0.1 wt% to 3 wt%, more preferably 0.4 wt% to 0.8 wt%
  • an aluminum alloy electrode having an alloy number of A6061 has a life of about 10% longer than that of a pure aluminum alloy electrode. This is because the silicon contained in the aluminum alloy is restricted from being dissolved in the scrubber water, thereby extending the life.
  • the aggregated ion concentration of scrubber water is controlled by the current value of the electrode.
  • the ionization electrode 13 can control the amount of aggregated ions released to the scrubber water by the current value, but the aggregated ions are also released by being dissolved in the scrubber water regardless of the energization of the ionization electrode 13.
  • the amount of aggregated ions released by dissolution cannot be controlled by the current value, and varies depending on the pH of the scrubber water. Therefore, it is important to limit the amount of aggregated ions that can be released from the ionization electrode 13 regardless of the current.
  • this feature extends the life of the ionization electrode 13 and further controls the agglomerated ion concentration of the water dumped into the sea to an optimum value. Because there is.
  • the ionization electrode 13 containing silicon can extend the life by limiting the amount of dissolution not caused by electric current, and the amount of aggregated ions released in the sea can be controlled by accurately controlling the amount of aggregated ions released by the current value. There is a feature that can reduce.
  • the aluminum electrode can extend the life of the electrode as an aluminum alloy containing at least one of iron, copper, manganese, calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc and the like in addition to silicon.
  • the amount of these metals added affects the life and electrical resistance of the aluminum alloy. Therefore, in the aluminum alloy, the content of the metal to be added is adjusted in consideration of life and electric resistance.
  • the ionization electrode 13 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy has a feature that it can release aggregated ions as aluminum ions and efficiently aggregate soot with the aluminum ions.
  • the ionization electrode 13 is an alloy containing at least one of iron, copper, manganese, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc in place of the aluminum electrode, and can release all the metal ions to aggregate the soot. Other metals can also be used.
  • the power source 14 is a DC power source that applies positive and negative voltages to the pair of ionization electrodes 13.
  • the ionization electrode 13 connected to the positive electrode side of the DC power supply is exhausted by releasing aggregated ions into the scrubber water.
  • the DC power supply is connected to the ionization electrode 13 by switching between positive and negative at a constant cycle.
  • the switching cycle is, for example, 1 second to 1 hour.
  • the aggregator 6 adds agglomerated ions to the scrubber water, agglomerates fine wrinkles having a particle size of micron order with the agglomerated ions, and agglomerates about 100 times larger.
  • the scrubber water is agglomerated water containing fine agglomerates and containing agglomerated soot.
  • the soot that has been transferred from the exhaust gas to fresh water is extremely fine with an average particle size of the order of microns and is very difficult to separate from water.
  • the agglomerated soot aggregated by the agglomerator 6 can be easily separated by the separator 7 because the fine soot is about 100 times larger.
  • the aggregator 6 shown in the figure includes a watering device 29 for spraying scrubber water on the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell 12.
  • the sprinkler 29 sprays scrubber water on the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell 12 to reduce bubbles generated on the liquid surface.
  • the aggregator 6 electrolyzes scrubber water to generate fine hydrogen bubbles and float. Soot and oily components adhere to the bubbles and float to form bubbles. Scrubber water sprayed on the liquid surface eliminates and reduces bubbles on the liquid surface.
  • the separator 7 in FIG. 3 is a sedimentation tank 20 that precipitates and separates large aggregated soot.
  • the sedimentation tank 20 accumulates soot agglomerated water to precipitate and separate large agglomerated soot.
  • the settling tank 20 in the figure is provided with two sets of tapered portions 20A that become narrower toward the lower portion, and is provided with a discharge port 21 for the coagulation tub at the lower end of the tapered portion 20A.
  • the discharge port 21 is connected to the sewage tank 23 via the discharge pump 22 and stores the sewage discharged from the discharge port 21 in the sewage tank 23.
  • an outlet 24 for overflowing and discharging the clear treated water is provided in the upper part of the sedimentation tank 20 which is the separator 7, an outlet 24 for overflowing and discharging the clear treated water is provided.
  • the outlet 24 is connected to a buffer tank 26 via a pipe 25, and the treated water flows from the sedimentation tank 20 into the buffer tank 26.
  • the clear treated water flowing into the buffer tank 26 from the settling tank 20 is supplied to the fresh water tank 8 via the circulation pump 27.
  • the buffer tank 26 includes a turbidity sensor 30 that detects the turbidity of the treated water.
  • the turbidity sensor 30 detects the turbidity of the treated water flowing from the settling tank 20 and circulates the clear treated water to the clear water tank 8 and the unclear treated water to the electrolytic cell 12 via the circulation pump 27.
  • Unclear treated water is circulated to the electrolytic cell 12 and the sedimentation tank 20 of the separator 7 to become clearer treated water, and the clear treated water is supplied to the clear water tank 8.
  • the clear fresh water in the clear water tank 8 is supplied to the nozzle 10 of the contactor 5 to separate the soot from the exhaust gas.
  • the fresh water in the fresh water tank 8 that is not used for separating the soot can be discarded in the sea in a state where it can be dumped in the sea.
  • the buffer tank is provided with a PHA (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) sensor and a PH sensor, and the detected values of these sensors are treated water whose detected value is within the set range, and the detected value is Treated water that is not within the set range can be circulated through the electrolytic cell to provide treated water with the detected value as the set value.
  • PHA polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
  • the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 in the figure uses the separator 7 as the precipitation tank 20, but the present invention does not specify the separator as a precipitation tank.
  • the separator has all other structures capable of separating large agglomerated soot from the agglomerated water, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a cyclone 32 that separates the agglomerated soot by centrifugal force by causing the soot agglomerated water to flow spirally. It is also possible to use a filtration tank that filters and separates the coagulated soot, or an ultrasonic separation tank that ultrasonically vibrates the coagulated water and separates only the water from the coagulated soot as a fine mist.
  • FIG. 5 shows an apparatus in which the separator is a cyclone 32.
  • a cyclone 32 discharges soot aggregated water from the lower end while flowing in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion and flowing in a spiral shape.
  • the coagulated water that flows in a spiral shape by centrifugal force is drained as coagulated water with a high concentration of coagulated soot from the lower end by moving large coagulated soot toward the outer periphery by centrifugal force and moving it along the inner surface of the cylinder.
  • a discharge pipe 33 is arranged vertically at the center of the cyclone 32. The discharge pipe 33 discharges clear treated water having a low coagulation soot concentration.
  • the ultrasonic separation tank includes an ultrasonic vibrator on a bottom plate.
  • the ultrasonic vibrator vibrates the flocculated water
  • the liquid column of the flocculated water is projected from the liquid surface.
  • mist is scattered from the surface of the liquid column.
  • the mist scattered from the liquid column has a considerably low concentration of aggregated soot, and when this is collected with a demister or the like, treated water with a low concentration of aggregated soot is obtained.
  • the exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 for a marine diesel engine as described above transfers soot contained in the exhaust gas to fresh water by the contact process, the agglomeration process, and the separation process and removes the soot from the exhaust gas, and further clarifies the scrubber water containing soot. Circulate as fresh water.
  • seawater is made into fresh water with an RO device
  • the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine is brought into contact with fresh water with the contactor 5
  • the fresh water is conductively treated with sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas, and the soot contained in the exhaust gas is treated. Transfer to fresh water to make conductive scrubber water.
  • the conductive scrubber water obtained in the contact step is passed between a pair of ionization electrodes 13 to which a voltage is applied in the aggregator 6 to release the agglomerated ions into the scrubber water. Aggregates the soot contained in the scrubber water with the agglomerated ions to form soot agglomerated water containing aggregated soot.
  • the separation step the coagulated soot is separated and removed from the soot coagulated water obtained in the coagulation step by the separator 7, and the soot is removed from the scrubber water in which the exhaust gas soot is transferred to fresh water.
  • the exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus for marine diesel engines of the present invention can be effectively used for the purpose of dumping scrubber water containing soot separated from exhaust gas into the sea as clear water.

Abstract

[Problem] To improve fuel consumption of a generator engine by: effectively using the sulfur component of the exhaust gas of a ship diesel engine for an electrical conduction treatment of scrubber water; using a small amount of energy in removing scrubber water soot for purification of the scrubber water; and reducing the energy consumed in separating the soot. [Solution] Fresh water is subjected to an electrical conduction treatment using the sulfur component of the exhaust gas of the ship diesel engine so that exhaust gas soot migrates to the fresh water. An ionizing electrode 13 is dipped into the thus obtained scrubber water and energized so as to discharge ion aggregates in the scrubber water. The ion aggregates aggregate the soot and create large soot aggregates, which are then removed from the scrubber water.

Description

船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法と処理装置Exhaust gas treatment method and treatment equipment for marine diesel engines
　本発明は、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる煤物質を分離する排ガス処理方法と装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus for separating a soot material contained in exhaust gas of a marine diesel engine.
　船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスは、微細なカーボンからなる煤（ＰＭ）を含有する。船舶用ディーゼルエンジンは極めて出力が大きく、多量の排ガスを排気するので、煤を分離して排ガスを清澄化することが要求されている。排ガスに含まれる煤物質を分離するために、排ガス中に散水して煤を含むスクラバー水とし、このスクラバー水を遠心分離機で遠心分離して煤物質を含む汚濁水を分離している。（特許文献１、２参照） The exhaust gas from marine diesel engines contains soot (PM) made of fine carbon. Marine diesel engines have a very large output and exhaust a large amount of exhaust gas. Therefore, it is required to separate the soot and clarify the exhaust gas. In order to separate the soot material contained in the exhaust gas, water is sprinkled in the exhaust gas to obtain scrubber water containing soot, and this scrubber water is centrifuged with a centrifuge to separate contaminated water containing soot material. (See Patent Documents 1 and 2)
　以上の方式は、遠心分離に極めて大きなエネルギーを必要とする。それは、煤と水との比重差が極めて小さく、また煤が極めて微細な状態でスクラバー水に分散しているからである。このことから、たとえば１０ＭＷ級の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンにおいて、スクラバー水から煤を除去する遠心分離機の消費電力は３０ｋＷとなって相当な電力を消費する。遠心分離は、発電機エンジンで駆動される発電機から電力供給されるので、遠心分離機の消費電力は、発電機エンジンの燃料を低下させる原因となる。また、遠心分離機が、比重差の小さい微細な煤と水とを遠心力で分離するので、スクラバー水を綺麗な処理水とするのは難しい。煤を分離した処理水は海に投棄されるので、出来る限り綺麗な処理水として海に投棄することは極めて大切である。 The above methods require extremely large energy for centrifugation. This is because the specific gravity difference between soot and water is extremely small, and soot is dispersed in the scrubber water in a very fine state. From this, for example, in a 10 MW class marine diesel engine, the power consumption of the centrifuge that removes soot from the scrubber water is 30 kW and consumes considerable power. Centrifugation is powered by a generator driven by the generator engine, so the power consumption of the centrifuge causes a reduction in fuel for the generator engine. In addition, since the centrifugal separator separates fine soot and water having a small specific gravity difference by centrifugal force, it is difficult to make scrubber water into clean treated water. Since the treated water from which the salmon has been separated is dumped into the sea, it is extremely important to dump it into the sea as clean as possible.
特開２０１６－１６８５１０号公報JP 2016-168510 A 特開２０１４－０５５５６７号公報JP 2014-0555567 A
　本発明は、従来の以上の欠点を解消することを目的に開発されたもので、本発明の第１の目的は、極めて小さい電力消費で船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスを効率よく清澄化でき、とくに、排ガスの煤を除去するスクラバー水から煤を除去するためのエネルギー消費を少なくして、発電機エンジンの燃費を向上できる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法と装置を提供することにある。 The present invention was developed for the purpose of eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks. The first object of the present invention is to efficiently clarify exhaust gas from marine diesel engines with extremely low power consumption. Another object of the present invention is to provide a marine diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus capable of improving the fuel efficiency of a generator engine by reducing energy consumption for removing soot from scrubber water for removing exhaust gas soot.
　さらに、本発明の第２の目的は、煤を凝集する凝集イオンを遊離する工程で、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分を使用して淡水を導電処理し、導電性のある水にイオン化電極で通電して凝集イオンを効率よく遊離し、遊離された凝集イオンでもって煤を効果的に凝集して凝集煤を効率よく分離する船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法と装置を提供することにある。 Furthermore, the second object of the present invention is a step of releasing aggregated ions that aggregate the soot, in which fresh water is subjected to conductive treatment using sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines, so that the water becomes conductive. To provide an exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus for a marine diesel engine that efficiently releases aggregated ions by energizing with an ionization electrode, effectively aggregates soot with the released aggregated ions, and efficiently separates the aggregated soot. It is in.
課題を解決するための手段及び発明の効果Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention
　本発明の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法は、淡水に船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスを接触させて、排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分と煤とを含有する導電性のスクラバー水とする接触工程と、接触工程で得られる導電性のスクラバー水を、電圧を印加してなる一対のイオン化電極１３の間に通過させて、スクラバー水に凝集イオンを放出し、放出される凝集イオンでもってスクラバー水に含まれる煤を凝集して凝集煤を含む煤凝集水とする凝集工程と、凝集工程で得られる煤凝集水から凝集煤を分離する分離工程とからなる。 The exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine of the present invention includes a contact step of bringing the exhaust gas of a marine diesel engine into contact with fresh water to form a conductive scrubber water containing sulfur components and soot contained in the exhaust gas, and contact The conductive scrubber water obtained in the process is passed between a pair of ionization electrodes 13 to which a voltage is applied to release aggregated ions into the scrubber water, and the aggregated ions released are included in the scrubber water. It comprises an agglomeration step for agglomerating the soot to produce agglomerated water containing agglomerated soot, and a separation step for separating the agglomerated soot from the soot-agglomerated water obtained in the agglomeration step.
　以上の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法は、極めて小さい電力消費で、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスを効率よく清澄化でき、とくに、排ガスの煤を除去するスクラバー水から煤を除去するためのエネルギー消費を少なくして、発電機エンジンの燃費を著しく向上でき、さらに、煤を凝集する凝集イオンを遊離する工程においては、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分を使用して淡水を導電処理し、導電性のある水にイオン化電極で通電して凝集イオンを効率よく遊離し、遊離された凝集イオンでもって煤を効果的に凝集して凝集煤とし、この凝集煤を分離することで煤を効率よく分離できる特徴も実現する。 The above-described exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines can clarify the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines efficiently with extremely low power consumption, especially energy consumption for removing soot from scrubber water that removes soot from exhaust gas. In the process of releasing the aggregated ions that aggregate the soot, the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine is used for the conductive treatment of the fresh water. Then, electricity is passed through conductive water with an ionization electrode to efficiently release the aggregated ions, and the aggregated soot is effectively agglomerated with the released aggregated ions to separate the aggregated soot. Features that enable efficient separation are also realized.
　以上の特徴は、以上の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法が、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスを淡水に接触させて、ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分で淡水を導電処理し、さらに、この工程で導電処理されたスクラバー水に排ガスの煤を移行し、排ガスの硫黄成分で導電処理されて煤を含有するスクラバー水をイオン化電極の間に通過させることで、電極のアルミニウムを溶解して凝集イオンとし、この凝集イオンでもってスクラバー水の煤を凝集して凝集煤とし、凝集された凝集煤を煤凝集水から分離するからである。 The above feature is that the exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine described above is such that the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine is brought into contact with fresh water, and the fresh water is conductively treated with sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine. The soot from the exhaust gas is transferred to the scrubber water that has been subjected to the conductive treatment, and the scrubber water containing the soot that is conductively treated with the sulfur component of the exhaust gas is passed between the ionization electrodes, so that the aluminum of the electrode is dissolved and aggregated This is because, with the aggregated ions, the scrubber water is aggregated to form aggregated soot, and the aggregated aggregated soot is separated from the soot aggregated water.
　以上の方法は、スクラバー水の原料として、機器の腐食性の少ない淡水を使用し、この淡水を導電水とするために船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分を利用するので、原料に淡水を使用しながら導電剤を添加することなく淡水を導電水にできる。とくに、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスは硫黄成分を含有するので、排ガスを淡水に接触させることで、淡水の導電率は著しく向上する。さらに、淡水を排ガスに接触させる工程で、淡水が導電水となると共に、排ガスに含まれる煤が導電性の水に移行して煤を含むスクラバー水となる。したがって、原料に淡水を使用しながら、排ガスを淡水に接触させる１工程で、淡水を導電水とし、さらに煤を移行して導電性があって煤を含むスクラバー水にできる。原料水に淡水を使用することは、機器の腐蝕を少なくできる特徴があり、また硫黄成分で導電処理することは淡水に導電材を添加する必要がない。淡水を使用することは機器の耐久性を実現し、淡水と排ガスを接触させる１工程で、導電性があって煤を含むスクラバー水にできることは、スクラバー水とする機器の構造を簡素化して、効率よくスクラバー水にできる特徴を実現する。さらに、導電性に優れたスクラバー水にイオン化電極を浸漬して電極に電圧を印加することで、電極のアルミニウムを電離して効率よく凝集イオンを電離でき、電離した凝集イオンでもって煤を凝集して分離しやすい凝集煤とするので、スクラバー水の煤を効率よく凝集煤として、スクラバー水から簡単かつ容易に、しかも能率よく煤を分離できる特徴がある。とくに、微細な煤を凝集煤として分離するので、従来のように遠心分離機を使用することなく、沈殿させることで速やかに効率よく分離できる。 The above method uses fresh water that is less corrosive to equipment as a raw material for scrubber water, and uses the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines to make this fresh water conductive water. Without using a conductive agent, fresh water can be converted into conductive water. In particular, since the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines contains a sulfur component, the electrical conductivity of fresh water is significantly improved by bringing the exhaust gas into contact with fresh water. Further, in the step of bringing the fresh water into contact with the exhaust gas, the fresh water becomes conductive water, and the soot contained in the exhaust gas shifts to the conductive water to become scrubber water containing soot. Therefore, in one step of contacting the exhaust gas with the fresh water while using the fresh water as a raw material, the fresh water is converted into the conductive water, and further the soot is transferred to make the scrubber water having conductivity and containing soot. The use of fresh water as raw material water is characterized in that the corrosion of the equipment can be reduced, and conducting treatment with a sulfur component does not require the addition of a conductive material to fresh water. The use of fresh water realizes the durability of the equipment, and in one step of bringing fresh water into contact with the exhaust gas, being able to make scrubber water that is conductive and contains soot simplifies the structure of the equipment used as scrubber water, Realizes the characteristics of efficient scrubber water. Furthermore, by immersing the ionized electrode in scrubber water with excellent conductivity and applying a voltage to the electrode, the aluminum of the electrode can be ionized to efficiently ionize the aggregated ions, and the soot is aggregated with the ionized aggregated ions. Therefore, the scrubber water is efficiently aggregated so that it can be easily and easily separated from the scrubber water efficiently. In particular, since fine soot is separated as agglomerated soot, it can be separated quickly and efficiently by precipitation without using a centrifuge as in the prior art.
　以上の方法は、導電性のあるスクラバー水を得る構造、スクラバー水の煤を凝集する構造、さらにスクラバー水から凝集煤を分離する全ての構造を簡単にでき、しかもいずれの工程においても、従来の遠心分離機のように多量の電力を消費することがない。したがって、極めて少ないエネルギー消費で、船舶用エンジンから排出される多量の排ガスから煤を効率よく分離でき、さらに、スクラバー水から効率よく煤成分を分離して清澄な水に処理できる特徴を実現する。排ガスからの煤の除去と、スクラバー水の清澄化には発電機エンジンの出力で発電される電力を使用するが、本発明はこの工程における電力消費を著しく少なくできることから、発電機エンジンの出力を煤の除去とスクラバー水の清澄化に使用する割合が極めて小さく、発電機エンジンの燃費を著しく向上できる特徴を実現する。 The above method can simplify the structure for obtaining conductive scrubber water, the structure for agglomerating scrubber water soot, and all the structure for separating the coagulated soot from scrubber water. It does not consume a large amount of power unlike a centrifuge. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently separate the soot from a large amount of exhaust gas discharged from the marine engine with very little energy consumption, and to realize a feature that can efficiently separate the soot component from the scrubber water and treat it into clear water. The power generated at the output of the generator engine is used for the removal of soot from the exhaust gas and the clarification of the scrubber water. Since the present invention can significantly reduce the power consumption in this process, the output of the generator engine is reduced. The ratio used for soot removal and scrubber water clarification is extremely small, realizing the characteristics that can significantly improve the fuel efficiency of the generator engine.
　導電性のスクラバー水にイオン化電極を浸漬して通電し、電極から電離された凝集イオンで煤を凝集させる工程は、微細なミクロンオーダーの煤を約１００倍も大きな凝集煤とするので、その後の分離が極めて簡単となり、さらに、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分で導電処理されたスクラバー水は電気抵抗が小さく、イオン化電極に通電して消費する電力が相当に小さい。たとえば、本発明の排ガスの処理方法は、出力を１０ＭＷとするディーゼルエンジンを搭載する船舶用ディーゼルエンジンにおいて、スクラバー水から煤を分離するために使用する電力は約１ｋＷと小さく、従来の遠心分離機を使用する方法に比較して消費電力を著しく少なくできる特徴がある。 The process of immersing the ionized electrode in conductive scrubber water and energizing it and agglomerating the soot with the agglomerated ions ionized from the electrode makes the micron-order soot about 100 times larger soot. Separation is extremely simple, and scrubber water that is conductively treated with sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas from marine diesel engines has a low electrical resistance and consumes a relatively small amount of power by energizing the ionization electrode. For example, according to the exhaust gas treatment method of the present invention, in a marine diesel engine equipped with a diesel engine with an output of 10 MW, the electric power used for separating soot from scrubber water is as low as about 1 kW, and a conventional centrifugal separator is used. Compared with the method using the power consumption, the power consumption can be remarkably reduced.
　本発明のある態様にかかる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法は、イオン化電極をアルミニウム電極として、スクラバー水に放出する凝集イオンをアルミニウムイオンとして、煤を効率よく凝集できる特徴がある。 The exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines according to an aspect of the present invention is characterized in that soot can be efficiently aggregated by using an ionization electrode as an aluminum electrode and agglomerated ions released to the scrubber water as aluminum ions.
　本発明のある態様にかかる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法は、凝集工程においては、煤凝集水に含まれる凝集煤を沈殿させて分離することができる。この排ガス処理方法は、とくに簡単な構造で煤を分離できる特徴がある。 The exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines according to an aspect of the present invention can precipitate and separate the coagulated soot contained in the coagulated water in the coagulation step. This exhaust gas treatment method is particularly characterized in that soot can be separated with a simple structure.
　本発明のある態様にかかる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法は、イオン化電極にシリコンを含有するアルミニウム合金を使用することができる。また、イオン化電極には、鉄、銅、マンガン、カルシウム、マグネシウム、マンガン、亜鉛の少なくともひとつを含有する合金を使用することもできる。 In the exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines according to an aspect of the present invention, an aluminum alloy containing silicon can be used for the ionization electrode. Further, an alloy containing at least one of iron, copper, manganese, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc can be used for the ionization electrode.
　さらに、本発明のある態様にかかる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法は、凝集工程においてスクラバー水を強制的に撹拌することができ、この方法によってスクラバー水に含まれる煤物質を均一に凝集して効率よく分離できる特徴がある。 Furthermore, the exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines according to an aspect of the present invention can forcibly stir the scrubber water in the agglomeration step, and uniformly aggregates the soot material contained in the scrubber water by this method. There is a feature that can be separated efficiently.
　本発明の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法は、凝集工程に電解槽の液面にスクラバー水を散水して、液面での泡の発生を少なくできる特徴がある。 The exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines of the present invention is characterized in that the generation of bubbles on the liquid surface can be reduced by spraying scrubber water on the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell in the aggregation process.
　本発明の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスから煤を除去する排ガス処理装置は、淡水を導電状態として、排ガスの煤を含有するスクラバー水とする接触器５と、接触器５で得られるスクラバー水に含まれる煤の凝集体である凝集煤を含有する煤凝集水とする凝集器６と、凝集器６で得られる煤凝集水に含まれる凝集煤を分離する分離器７とを備える。接触器５は、淡水に排ガスが接触されて排ガスの硫黄成分で導電状態とすると共に、排ガスの煤が移行されてなるスクラバー水とする淡水と排ガスの接触部を有し、凝集器６は、接触器５で得られるスクラバー水を所定の液面レベルで蓄える電解槽１２と、電解槽１２のスクラバー水に浸漬され、かつ対向位置に配置してなる一対のイオン化電極１３と、一対のイオン化電極１３に電圧を印加して、電解槽１２に蓄えてなる導電性のスクラバー水に凝集イオンを放出して、凝集イオンでもってスクラバー水に含まれる煤を凝集煤として煤凝集水とする電源１４とを備え、接触器５で得られる硫黄成分を含有するスクラバー水の煤を凝集器６で凝集して煤凝集水とし、煤凝集水の凝集煤を分離器７で分離する。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus for removing soot from the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine of the present invention includes a contactor 5 that uses fresh water as a conductive state and scrubber water that contains exhaust gas soot, and scrubber water obtained by the contactor 5. The agglomerator 6 includes coagulated water containing aggregated soot that is the aggregate of the soot and the separator 7 that separates the aggregated soot contained in the coagulated water obtained from the coagulator 6. The contactor 5 has a contact portion between fresh water and exhaust gas, which is made into scrubber water in which exhaust gas is brought into contact with fresh water and brought into a conductive state with sulfur components of the exhaust gas, and the flue gas is transferred. An electrolyzer 12 that stores scrubber water obtained by the contactor 5 at a predetermined liquid level, a pair of ionization electrodes 13 that are immersed in the scrubber water of the electrolyzer 12 and arranged at opposing positions, and a pair of ionization electrodes A power source 14 that applies voltage to 13 to release aggregated ions into the conductive scrubber water stored in the electrolytic cell 12, and uses the aggregated ions to make the soot contained in the scrubber water into aggregated soot. The scrubber water soot containing the sulfur component obtained in the contactor 5 is coagulated by the coagulator 6 to form coagulated water, and the coagulated soot of soot aggregated water is separated by the separator 7.
　以上の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置は、極めて小さい電力消費で、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスを効率よく清澄化でき、とくに、排ガスの煤を除去するスクラバー水から煤を除去するためのエネルギー消費を少なくして、発電機エンジンの燃費を著しく向上でき、さらに、煤を凝集する凝集イオンを遊離するために、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分を使用して淡水を導電処理し、導電性のある水にイオン化電極で通電して凝集イオンを効率よく遊離し、遊離された凝集イオンでもって煤を効果的に凝集して凝集煤とし、この凝集煤を分離することで煤を効率よく分離できる特徴も実現する。 The above-mentioned exhaust gas treatment equipment for marine diesel engines can clarify the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines efficiently with very low power consumption, especially energy consumption for removing soot from scrubber water that removes soot from exhaust gas To reduce the fuel consumption of the generator engine significantly, and in order to release the aggregated ions that aggregate the soot, the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine is conductively treated with fresh water, Efficiently releases aggregated ions by conducting electricity to water with conductivity using an ionization electrode, and effectively aggregates soot by the aggregated ions released to form aggregated soot. Features that can be well separated are also realized.
　以上の特徴は、以上の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置が、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスを淡水に接触させて、ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分を淡水に溶解させて導電処理し、さらに、導電処理されたスクラバー水に排ガスの煤を移行して、排ガスの硫黄成分で導電処理して煤を含有するスクラバー水として、このスクラバー水をイオン化電極の間に通過させることで、電極のアルミニウムを溶解して凝集イオンとし、この凝集イオンでもってスクラバー水の煤を凝集して凝集煤とし、凝集された凝集煤を煤凝集水から分離するからである。 The above-described feature is that the exhaust gas treatment device for a marine diesel engine described above makes the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine come into contact with fresh water, and the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is dissolved in the fresh water to conduct conductive treatment. The scrubber water transferred to the conductive scrubber water is subjected to a conductive treatment with the sulfur component of the exhaust gas and the scrubber water containing soot is passed between the ionization electrodes, so that the aluminum of the electrode This is because the agglomerated ions are dissolved to form aggregated ions, and the aggregates of the scrubber water are aggregated to form aggregated soots, and the aggregated aggregated soot is separated from the aggregated coagulated water.
　以上の排ガス処理装置は、スクラバー水の原料として、機器の腐食性の少ない淡水を使用し、この淡水を導電水とするために船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分を利用するので、原料に淡水を使用しながら導電剤を添加することなく淡水を導電水にできる。とくに、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスは硫黄成分を含有するので、排ガスを淡水に接触させることで、淡水の導電率は著しく向上する。さらに、淡水を排ガスに接触させる工程で、淡水が導電水となると共に、排ガスに含まれる煤が導電性の水に移行して煤を含むスクラバー水となる。したがって、原料に淡水を使用しながら、排ガスを淡水に接触させる１工程で、淡水を導電水とし、さらに煤を移行して導電性があって煤を含むスクラバー水にできる。原料水に淡水を使用することは、機器の腐蝕を少なくできる特徴があり、また硫黄成分で導電処理することは淡水に導電材を添加する必要がない。淡水を使用することは機器の耐久性を実現し、淡水と排ガスを接触させることで、導電性があって煤を含むスクラバー水とすることは、スクラバー水とする機器の構造を簡素化して、効率よくスクラバー水にできる特徴を実現する。さらに、導電性に優れたスクラバー水にイオン化電極を浸漬して電極に電圧を印加することで、電極のアルミニウムを電離して効率よく凝集イオンを電離でき、電離した凝集イオンでもって煤を凝集して分離しやすい凝集煤とするので、スクラバー水の煤を効率よく凝集煤として、スクラバー水から簡単かつ容易に、しかも能率よく煤を分離できる特徴がある。とくに、微細な煤を凝集煤として分離するので、従来のように遠心分離機を使用することなく、沈殿させることで速やかに効率よく分離できる。 The above exhaust gas treatment equipment uses fresh water with less corrosiveness of the equipment as the raw material for scrubber water, and uses the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines to make this fresh water conductive water. The fresh water can be made into conductive water without adding a conductive agent while using fresh water. In particular, since the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines contains a sulfur component, the electrical conductivity of fresh water is significantly improved by bringing the exhaust gas into contact with fresh water. Further, in the step of bringing the fresh water into contact with the exhaust gas, the fresh water becomes conductive water, and the soot contained in the exhaust gas shifts to the conductive water to become scrubber water containing soot. Therefore, in one step of contacting the exhaust gas with the fresh water while using the fresh water as a raw material, the fresh water is converted into the conductive water, and further the soot is transferred to make the scrubber water having conductivity and containing soot. The use of fresh water as raw material water is characterized in that the corrosion of the equipment can be reduced, and conducting treatment with a sulfur component does not require the addition of a conductive material to fresh water. Using fresh water realizes the durability of the equipment, and by bringing fresh water into contact with the exhaust gas, making scrubber water that is conductive and contains soot simplifies the structure of the equipment used as scrubber water, Realizes the characteristics of efficient scrubber water. Furthermore, by immersing the ionized electrode in scrubber water with excellent conductivity and applying a voltage to the electrode, the aluminum of the electrode can be ionized to efficiently ionize the aggregated ions, and the soot is aggregated with the ionized aggregated ions. Therefore, the scrubber water is efficiently aggregated so that it can be easily and easily separated from the scrubber water efficiently. In particular, since fine soot is separated as agglomerated soot, it can be separated quickly and efficiently by precipitation without using a centrifuge as in the prior art.
　以上の装置は、導電性のあるスクラバー水を得る構造、スクラバー水の煤を凝集する構造、さらにスクラバー水から凝集煤を分離する全ての構造を簡単にでき、しかもいずれの構造においても、従来の遠心分離機のように多量の電力を消費することがない。したがって、極めて少ないエネルギー消費で、船舶用エンジンから排出される多量の排ガスから煤を効率よく分離でき、さらに、スクラバー水から効率よく煤成分を分離して清澄な水に処理できる特徴を実現する。排ガスからの煤の除去と、スクラバー水の清澄化には発電機エンジンの出力で発電される電力を使用するが、本発明は排ガス処理における電力消費を著しく少なくできることから、船舶用エンジンの出力を煤の除去とスクラバー水の清澄化に使用する割合が極めて小さく、発電機エンジンの燃費を著しく向上できる特徴を実現する。 The above apparatus can simplify the structure for obtaining conductive scrubber water, the structure for agglomerating scrubber water soot, and all the structure for separating the coagulated soot from scrubber water. It does not consume a large amount of power unlike a centrifuge. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently separate the soot from a large amount of exhaust gas discharged from the marine engine with very little energy consumption, and to realize a feature that can efficiently separate the soot component from the scrubber water and treat it into clear water. For the removal of soot from the exhaust gas and the clarification of the scrubber water, the electric power generated by the output of the generator engine is used, but since the power consumption in the exhaust gas treatment can be remarkably reduced, the output of the marine engine is reduced. The ratio used for soot removal and scrubber water clarification is extremely small, realizing the characteristics that can significantly improve the fuel efficiency of the generator engine.
　導電性のスクラバー水に浸漬するイオン化電極に通電して、電極から電離された凝集イオンで煤を凝集させる凝集器は、微細なミクロンオーダーの煤を約１００倍も大きな凝集煤とするので、その後の分離が極めて簡単となり、さらに、船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる多量の硫黄成分で導電処理されたスクラバー水は電気抵抗が小さく、イオン化電極に通電して消費する電力が相当に小さい。たとえば、本発明の排ガスの処理装置は、スクラバー水から煤を分離するために使用する電力は約１ｋＷと小さく、従来の遠心分離機を使用する方法に比較して消費電力を著しく少なくできる特徴がある。 An agglomerator that energizes ionized electrodes immersed in conductive scrubber water and agglomerates soot with agglomerated ions that are ionized from the electrode makes fine micron-order soot approximately 100 times larger soot. The scrubber water conductively treated with a large amount of sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas of marine diesel engines has a low electrical resistance and consumes a small amount of electric power by energizing the ionization electrode. For example, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus of the present invention has a feature that the power used for separating soot from the scrubber water is as small as about 1 kW, and the power consumption can be remarkably reduced as compared with a method using a conventional centrifugal separator. is there.
　本発明のある態様にかかる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置は、イオン化電極をアルミニウム電極として、スクラバー水に放出する凝集イオンをアルミニウムイオンとして煤を効率よく凝集できる特徴がある。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to an aspect of the present invention is characterized in that soot can be efficiently aggregated using an ionized electrode as an aluminum electrode and aggregated ions released to the scrubber water as aluminum ions.
　本発明のある態様にかかる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置は、煤凝集水の沈殿槽２０を備える凝集器６とし、あるいはサイクロンとし、沈殿槽２０やサイクロンで煤凝集水の凝集煤を分離でき、この構造によって、極めて簡単な沈殿槽やサイクロンで、しかもほとんど電力を消費しない装置で煤を速やかに分離できる。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to an aspect of the present invention is a coagulator 6 including a settling tank 20 for agglomerated water, or a cyclone, and can aggregate agglomerated soot from the agglomerated water using the settling tank 20 or the cyclone. With this structure, soot can be quickly separated with a very simple sedimentation tank or cyclone, and with a device that consumes little power.
　本発明の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置は、イオン化電極１３をシリコンを含むアルミニウム合金とすることができる。また、本発明の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置は、イオン化電極１３を、鉄、銅、マンガン、カルシウム、マグネシウム、マンガン、亜鉛の少なくともひとつを含有する合金とすることができる。 In the exhaust gas treatment apparatus for marine diesel engines of the present invention, the ionization electrode 13 can be made of an aluminum alloy containing silicon. In the exhaust gas treatment apparatus for marine diesel engines of the present invention, the ionization electrode 13 can be an alloy containing at least one of iron, copper, manganese, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc.
　さらに、本発明のある態様にかかる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置は、凝集工程においてスクラバー水を強制的に撹拌することができ、この構造によってスクラバー水に含まれる煤物質を均一に凝集して効率よく分離できる特徴がある。 Furthermore, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to an aspect of the present invention can forcibly stir the scrubber water in the agglomeration step, and this structure uniformly agglomerates the soot material contained in the scrubber water. There is a feature that can be separated efficiently.
　本発明のある態様にかかる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置は、凝集工程に電解槽の液面にスクラバー水を散水して、液面での泡の発生を少なくできる特徴がある。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to an aspect of the present invention is characterized in that scrubber water is sprinkled on the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell in the aggregation process to reduce generation of bubbles on the liquid surface.
本発明の一実施例にかかる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置のブロック図である。1 is a block diagram of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の他の実施例にかかる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the exhaust gas processing apparatus of the marine diesel engine concerning the other Example of this invention. 図１と図２に示す排気ガス処理装置のブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the exhaust gas treatment device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. 図３に示す電解槽の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the electrolytic cell shown in FIG. 他の実施例にかかる排気ガス処理装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the exhaust-gas processing apparatus concerning another Example.
　以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。ただし、以下に示す実施例は、本発明の技術思想を具体化するための船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法と装置を例示するものであって、本発明は排ガス処理方法と装置を以下のものに特定しない。さらに、この明細書は、特許請求の範囲に示される部材を、実施例の部材に特定するものでは決してない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the following examples illustrate exhaust gas treatment methods and apparatuses for marine diesel engines for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention includes the following exhaust gas treatment methods and apparatuses. Not specified. Further, this specification does not limit the members shown in the claims to the members of the embodiments.
　図１と図２は、排ガス処理装置１００を備える船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの概略ブロック図を示す。ディーゼルエンジンは、ターボチャージャー１を備え、ＥＧＲ（排気再循環）によって排ガスの一部をエンジン本体２の吸入側に循環する。ターボチャージャー１は排ガスで回転されるタービンと、このタービンで回転されて空気を圧縮してエンジン本体２の吸入側に流入させるコンブレッサーとからなる。図の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンは、ターボチャージャー１のコンブレッサーで加圧された空気に、排ガスの一部を混合してエンジン本体２に供給する。排ガスは、ターボチャージャー１のタービンを通過した後、その一部が分岐されてエンジン本体２の吸入側に循環される。 1 and 2 are schematic block diagrams of a marine diesel engine equipped with an exhaust gas treatment device 100. FIG. The diesel engine includes a turbocharger 1 and circulates part of the exhaust gas to the intake side of the engine body 2 by EGR (exhaust gas recirculation). The turbocharger 1 includes a turbine that is rotated by exhaust gas, and a compressor that is rotated by the turbine and compresses air to flow into the intake side of the engine body 2. The marine diesel engine shown in the figure mixes a part of the exhaust gas with the air pressurized by the compressor of the turbocharger 1 and supplies it to the engine body 2. After the exhaust gas passes through the turbine of the turbocharger 1, a part of the exhaust gas is branched and circulated to the intake side of the engine body 2.
　図１の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンは、ＥＧＲ循環路３に排ガス処理装置１００を連結している。この図のディーゼルエンジンは、ＥＧＲ循環路３の排ガスの煤を分離してエンジン本体２に吸入させる。この船舶用ディーゼルエンジンは、ＥＧＲ循環路３の排ガスのみから煤を分離するので、排ガス処理装置１００の処理能力を小さくして、エンジン本体２に煤の分離された清澄な排ガスを吸入させる。 The marine diesel engine in FIG. 1 has an exhaust gas treatment device 100 connected to the EGR circuit 3. The diesel engine in this figure separates exhaust gas soot from the EGR circuit 3 and causes the engine body 2 to suck it. Since this marine diesel engine separates soot from only the exhaust gas in the EGR circuit 3, the processing capacity of the exhaust gas treatment device 100 is reduced, and the engine body 2 sucks the clear exhaust gas from which soot is separated.
　図２の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンは、ディーゼルエンジンから排出される全ての排ガスから煤を分離する。したがって、このディーゼルエンジンは、煤の分離された清澄な排ガスを外部に排気し、またエンジン本体２にも煤の分離された排ガスを供給する。図１と図２の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンは、いずれも煤を分離した排ガスをエンジン本体２に吸入するので、エンジン本体２の吸入側の煤による弊害、たとえば、煤が堆積する等の弊害を防止できる特徴がある。 The marine diesel engine in FIG. 2 separates soot from all exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine. Therefore, this diesel engine exhausts the clear exhaust gas from which soot is separated to the outside, and also supplies the engine body 2 with the exhaust gas from which soot is separated. The marine diesel engine shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 both sucks exhaust gas separated from soot into the engine body 2, thereby preventing problems caused by soot on the suction side of the engine body 2, for example, soot accumulation. There are features that can be done.
　図３に示す排ガス処理装置１００は、船内に予め保管された淡水を、ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分で導電状態とし、また排ガスの煤を移行してスクラバー水とする接触器５と、接触器５で得られるスクラバー水に含まれる煤の凝集体である凝集煤を含有する煤凝集水とする凝集器６と、凝集器６で得られる煤凝集水に含まれる凝集煤を分離する分離器７とを備える。 Exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 3 is a contactor 5 in which fresh water stored in the ship is made conductive with sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine, and scrubber water is transferred from the exhaust gas soot, Separation for separating the agglomerator 6 containing the agglomerated soot containing the agglomerated soot that is an agglomerate of the soot contained in the scrubber water obtained by the contactor 5 and the agglomerated soot contained in the agglomerated water obtained by the aggregator 6 And a container 7.
　淡水化装置４は、船内に予め保管された淡水を清水タンク８に蓄えて使用する。清水タンク８は、港に寄港するときに、水道水などの淡水を蓄えるタンクである。ただし、清水タンク８の淡水は、ディーゼルエンジンの廃熱を利用して淡水を得る蒸留装置やＲＯ装置が使用できる。蒸留装置は、海水をエンジンの廃熱で蒸発した後、凝縮して淡水とし、ＲＯ装置は、ＲＯ膜に加圧ポンプ２８でもって海水を加圧状態に供給して海水を淡水化とする。ＲＯ膜は、海水に含まれる塩分やミネラルを分離して淡水を透過させる膜である。加圧ポンプ２８は海水をＲＯ膜に加圧して供給する。加圧して供給される海水は、ＲＯ膜を透過して淡水となる。ＲＯ装置は、連続運転して海水から得られる淡水を清水タンク８に蓄える。淡水化装置４を備える排ガス処理装置１００は、海水から淡水を得るので航海中に海水から淡水を調製できる特徴がある。 The desalination apparatus 4 uses fresh water stored in the ship in a fresh water tank 8 for use. The fresh water tank 8 is a tank that stores fresh water such as tap water when calling at a port. However, the fresh water in the fresh water tank 8 can be a distillation apparatus or RO apparatus that obtains fresh water using the waste heat of the diesel engine. The distillation apparatus evaporates seawater with the waste heat of the engine and then condenses it into fresh water. The RO apparatus supplies the seawater to the RO membrane with the pressurizing pump 28 in a pressurized state to desalinate the seawater. The RO membrane is a membrane that separates salt and minerals contained in seawater and permeates fresh water. The pressurizing pump 28 pressurizes and supplies seawater to the RO membrane. Seawater supplied under pressure passes through the RO membrane and becomes fresh water. The RO device continuously operates and stores fresh water obtained from seawater in the fresh water tank 8. The exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 including the desalination apparatus 4 is characterized in that fresh water can be prepared from seawater during voyage because fresh water is obtained from seawater.
　接触器５は、排ガスに淡水を接触させて、排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分を淡水に溶解して淡水を導電状態とすると共に、排ガスの煤を淡水に移行して導電性のスクラバー水とする淡水と排ガスの接触部を備える。船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの燃料に使用される重油は硫黄成分を含有する。燃料の硫黄成分はディーゼルエンジンの排出ガスに含まれるので、排出ガスが淡水に接触すると、硫黄成分が淡水に溶解されて硫酸イオンや硫酸塩となって淡水を導電状態とする。図３の接触器５は、排ガスの流路に連結している密閉チャンバー９内に淡水を噴射するノズル１０を設けて、密閉チャンバー９の内部において、淡水と排ガスとの接触部を設けている。ノズル１０から噴射される淡水は排ガスに接触し、硫黄成分を溶解して淡水を導電性とし、また、水滴に排ガスの煤が付着して、導電性があって煤を含むスクラバー水となる。スクラバー水は密閉チャンバー９の底部に溜まり、スクラバー水ポンプ１１を介して凝集器６に供給される。 The contactor 5 brings fresh water into contact with the exhaust gas, dissolves the sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas into the fresh water to make the fresh water conductive, and transfers the soot from the exhaust gas to the fresh water to produce conductive scrubber water. And a contact portion for exhaust gas. Heavy oil used as a fuel for marine diesel engines contains a sulfur component. Since the sulfur component of the fuel is contained in the exhaust gas of the diesel engine, when the exhaust gas comes into contact with fresh water, the sulfur component is dissolved in the fresh water and becomes sulfate ions or sulfate to make the fresh water conductive. The contactor 5 of FIG. 3 is provided with a nozzle 10 for injecting fresh water into a sealed chamber 9 connected to the exhaust gas flow path, and a contact portion between the fresh water and the exhaust gas is provided inside the sealed chamber 9. . The fresh water sprayed from the nozzle 10 comes into contact with the exhaust gas, dissolves the sulfur component to make the fresh water conductive, and exhaust gas soot adheres to the water droplets and becomes conductive and becomes scrubber water containing soot. Scrubber water accumulates at the bottom of the sealed chamber 9 and is supplied to the aggregator 6 via the scrubber water pump 11.
　凝集器６は、接触器５から供給されるスクラバー水を所定の液面レベルで蓄える電解槽１２と、電解槽１２のスクラバー水に浸漬され、かつ対向位置に配置してなる一対のイオン化電極１３と、一対のイオン化電極１３に電圧を印加して、電解槽１２に蓄えている導電性のスクラバー水に通電し、イオン化電極１３を溶解して凝集イオンを放出して、凝集イオンでもってスクラバー水に含まれる煤を凝集煤として煤凝集水とする電源１４とを備える。 The aggregator 6 has an electrolyzer 12 that stores the scrubber water supplied from the contactor 5 at a predetermined liquid level, and a pair of ionization electrodes 13 that are immersed in the scrubber water of the electrolyzer 12 and arranged at opposing positions. Then, a voltage is applied to the pair of ionization electrodes 13, the conductive scrubber water stored in the electrolytic cell 12 is energized, the ionization electrode 13 is dissolved to release the aggregated ions, and the scrubber water is generated with the aggregated ions. And a power source 14 that uses the soot contained in the water as coagulated soot as coagulated water.
　電解槽１２は、図３と図４に示すように、水平方向に延びる細長い箱形で、長手方向に直交する方向に切断した横断面形状において、底板１５を中央凹の湾曲形状としている。この電解槽１２は、船舶が揺れて内部のスクラバー水の液面が揺れ動く状態で、さらに、内部のスクラバー水が撹拌される状態で、コーナー部におけるスクラバー水の淀みが発生せず、スクラバー水全体を均一に撹拌して煤を残らず凝集できる特徴がある。図４の電解槽１２は、底板１５を半円に沿う形状の湾曲面とする。この電解槽１２は、底板１５の幅方向両側に全く淀みができず、スクラバー水を理想的な状態で撹拌できる。ただ、図示しないが電解槽は、幅方向両側の隅部を所定の曲率半径で面取りする形状とし、あるいは平面状に面取りする形状として、隅部にスクラバー水が停滞するのを防止して、スクラバー水の煤を均一に凝集できる。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the electrolytic cell 12 is an elongated box shape extending in the horizontal direction, and the bottom plate 15 has a central concave curved shape in a cross-sectional shape cut in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. This electrolytic cell 12 is in a state where the water level of the internal scrubber water is swaying and the internal scrubber water is stirred, and the scrubber water does not stagnate in the corner portion. It can be agglomerated without stirring so that it can be stirred uniformly. The electrolytic cell 12 in FIG. 4 has a bottom plate 15 having a curved surface along a semicircle. This electrolytic cell 12 does not stagnate at both sides in the width direction of the bottom plate 15 and can stir the scrubber water in an ideal state. However, although not shown in the figure, the electrolytic cell has a shape in which the corners on both sides in the width direction are chamfered with a predetermined radius of curvature or a shape in which the chamfer is flattened to prevent the scrubber water from stagnating in the corners. Water cocoons can be uniformly agglomerated.
　水平面内において細長い電解槽１２は、長手方向を船舶の前後に延びる姿勢、言い換えると船舶と平行に配置され、あるいは長手方向を船舶の前後と直交する姿勢、すなわち船舶と直交する姿勢で船舶に設置される。船舶と平行に配置される細長い電解槽１２は、船舶のローリングでスクラバー水を底板１５の湾曲面に沿って流動して左右に移動し、船舶のピッチングで長手方向に流動して撹拌する。船舶と交差して配置される細長い電解槽１２は、船舶のピッチングでスクラバー水を左右に移動し、船舶のローリングでスクラバー水を長手方向に流動して撹拌する。 In the horizontal plane, the elongate electrolytic cell 12 is installed in the ship in a posture in which the longitudinal direction extends in the front and rear direction of the ship, in other words, in parallel with the ship, or in a posture in which the longitudinal direction is orthogonal to the front and rear of the ship. Is done. The elongate electrolytic cell 12 arranged in parallel with the ship moves scrubber water along the curved surface of the bottom plate 15 by rolling the ship and moves left and right, and flows and agitates in the longitudinal direction by pitching the ship. The elongate electrolytic cell 12 arranged so as to intersect with the ship moves the scrubber water to the left and right by pitching the ship, and flows and agitates the scrubber water in the longitudinal direction by rolling the ship.
　図３の電解槽１２は、スクラバー水の撹拌機１６を内部に設けている。撹拌機１６は、減速モータ１８で回転される回転軸１７に撹拌羽根１９を固定している。回転軸１７は電解槽１２の長手方向に延びる水平姿勢で、両端を電解槽１２に水密構造で回転できるように連結している。回転軸１７は電解槽１２の外側に突出する部分に減速モータ１８を連結している。撹拌機１６は、撹拌羽根１９をイオン化電極１３の外側に配置して、イオン化電極１３の両外側でスクラバー水を撹拌する。撹拌機１６は撹拌羽根１９の回転数を調整して、スクラバー水の撹拌状態をコントロールする。撹拌機１６は、たとえば回転軸１７の回転数を、スクラバー水の煤が均一に凝集され、かつ凝集された凝集煤が撹拌によって掻き混ぜられて分散されない程度、たとえば１０ＲＰＭ～６００ＲＰＭに調整する。撹拌機１６の最適な回転数は、撹拌羽根１９の大きさや電解槽１２の容積で変化するので、これ等を考慮して最適な値に設定される。 3 has an agitator 16 for scrubber water inside. The stirrer 16 has a stirring blade 19 fixed to a rotating shaft 17 that is rotated by a reduction motor 18. The rotating shaft 17 is in a horizontal posture extending in the longitudinal direction of the electrolytic cell 12, and both ends are connected to the electrolytic cell 12 so as to be able to rotate in a watertight structure. The rotating shaft 17 is connected to a reduction motor 18 at a portion protruding outside the electrolytic cell 12. The stirrer 16 arranges the stirring blade 19 outside the ionization electrode 13 and stirs the scrubber water on both outsides of the ionization electrode 13. The stirrer 16 adjusts the rotation speed of the stirring blade 19 to control the stirring state of the scrubber water. The stirrer 16 adjusts, for example, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 17 to such an extent that the scrubber water is uniformly agglomerated and the agglomerated agglomerate is not stirred and dispersed by stirring, for example, 10 RPM to 600 RPM. The optimum number of rotations of the stirrer 16 varies depending on the size of the stirring blade 19 and the volume of the electrolytic cell 12, and is set to an optimum value in consideration of these factors.
　電解槽１２の内部には、スクラバー水に浸漬して一対のイオン化電極１３を配置している。イオン化電極１３は、電極間に通電し、電流で金属製の電極を溶解して金属イオンを放出する。放出される金属イオンは凝集イオンとなってスクラバー水の煤を凝集させる。イオン化電極１３は、電圧が印加されると、導電性のスクラバー水に電流が流れて、アルミニウムなどの金属がスクラバー水に溶解されて凝集イオンを放出する。凝集イオンの放出量は電極間に流れる電流に比例するので、イオン化電極１３の電流値を調整して放出される凝集イオン量を調整する。凝集イオンの濃度を高くして煤の凝集を速やかにできる。ただ、凝集イオンの濃度が高すぎると、煤の凝集に使用されない凝集イオンが残存するので、凝集イオンは、煤の凝集をしながら残存量を少なくできる量にコントロールする。凝集イオンの濃度は、イオン化電極１３に流れる電流を調整してコントロールする。イオン化電極１３の電流は、一対のイオン化電極１３に印加する電圧と、対向して配置しているイオン化電極１３の面積で調整できる。イオン化電極１３に印加する電圧を高く、対向面積を広くして電極間の電流は大きくなる。したがって、電極間の電圧はイオン化電極１３の対向面積を考慮して最適値に設定する。たとえば、電解槽１２の内容積を１００リットル、電極の対向面積を０．５平方メートル、電極間の間隔を２ｃｍとする凝集器６は、イオン化電極１３の電流を１０Ａ～５０Ａとして、凝集イオンを放出させる。 Inside the electrolytic cell 12, a pair of ionized electrodes 13 are disposed soaking in scrubber water. The ionization electrode 13 is energized between the electrodes, and the metal electrode is dissolved by an electric current to release metal ions. The released metal ions become aggregated ions and agglomerate the scrubber water. When a voltage is applied to the ionization electrode 13, an electric current flows through the conductive scrubber water, and a metal such as aluminum is dissolved in the scrubber water to release aggregated ions. Since the amount of aggregated ions released is proportional to the current flowing between the electrodes, the amount of aggregated ions released is adjusted by adjusting the current value of the ionization electrode 13. Aggregation of soot can be rapidly carried out by increasing the concentration of aggregated ions. However, if the concentration of the aggregated ions is too high, aggregated ions that are not used for aggregation of the soot remain, so the aggregated ion is controlled to an amount that can reduce the residual amount while coagulating the soot. The concentration of the aggregated ions is controlled by adjusting the current flowing through the ionization electrode 13. The current of the ionization electrode 13 can be adjusted by the voltage applied to the pair of ionization electrodes 13 and the area of the ionization electrodes 13 arranged to face each other. By increasing the voltage applied to the ionization electrode 13 and widening the opposing area, the current between the electrodes increases. Therefore, the voltage between the electrodes is set to an optimum value in consideration of the facing area of the ionization electrode 13. For example, the aggregator 6 in which the internal volume of the electrolytic cell 12 is 100 liters, the opposing area of the electrodes is 0.5 square meters, and the distance between the electrodes is 2 cm, the current of the ionization electrode 13 is set to 10A to 50A and the aggregated ions are released. Let
　イオン化電極１３の電流は、印加する電圧で変化し、電圧が高くなると増加する。ただし、電極電流は、電極の表面状態によっても変化する。イオン化電極１３の表面に、酸化アルミや種々の析出物が付着すると表面の導電性が低下して電流は減少するからである。電極間の電圧は、イオン化電極１３の電流値を設定値とする電圧に調整する。イオン化電極１３の対向面に析出する堆積物は、電極間をブリッジ状態としてショートさせる原因となる。この弊害は、イオン化電極１３の対向面に絶縁材のセパレータを配置し、あるいは電極間隔を１ｃｍ以上と広くして防止できる。 The current of the ionization electrode 13 changes with the applied voltage and increases as the voltage increases. However, the electrode current also changes depending on the surface state of the electrode. This is because, if aluminum oxide or various deposits adhere to the surface of the ionization electrode 13, the surface conductivity is lowered and the current is reduced. The voltage between the electrodes is adjusted to a voltage having the current value of the ionization electrode 13 as a set value. Deposits deposited on the opposing surface of the ionization electrode 13 cause short-circuiting between the electrodes. This problem can be prevented by disposing an insulating separator on the opposite surface of the ionization electrode 13 or by widening the electrode interval to 1 cm or more.
　イオン化電極１３はシリコンを含有するアルミニウム合金を使用する。電極のアルミニウム合金は、シリコンの含有量を、たとえば０．０５ｗｔ％～６ｗｔ％、好ましくは０．１ｗｔ％～３ｗｔ％、さらに好ましくは、０．４ｗｔ％～０．８ｗｔ％とするアルミニウム－ケイ素合金とする。例えば、合金番号をＡ６０６１とするアルミニウム合金の電極は、純アルミニウム合金の電極に比較して寿命が約１０％長くなる。アルミニウム合金に含まれるシリコンがスクラバー水に溶解されるのを制限して寿命を長くするからである。スクラバー水の凝集イオン濃度は電極の電流値でコントロールする。電流値を大きくしてスクラバー水の凝集イオン濃度が高くなりすぎると、凝集に使用されない凝集イオンが残存して、凝集煤を分離して海中に投棄する水の凝集イオン濃度が高くなる弊害がある。 The ionization electrode 13 uses an aluminum alloy containing silicon. The aluminum alloy of the electrode is an aluminum-silicon alloy in which the silicon content is, for example, 0.05 wt% to 6 wt%, preferably 0.1 wt% to 3 wt%, more preferably 0.4 wt% to 0.8 wt% And For example, an aluminum alloy electrode having an alloy number of A6061 has a life of about 10% longer than that of a pure aluminum alloy electrode. This is because the silicon contained in the aluminum alloy is restricted from being dissolved in the scrubber water, thereby extending the life. The aggregated ion concentration of scrubber water is controlled by the current value of the electrode. If the current value is increased and the aggregated ion concentration of the scrubber water becomes too high, aggregated ions that are not used for aggregation remain, and there is a problem that the aggregated ion concentration of water that separates aggregated soot and throws it into the sea increases. .
　イオン化電極１３は、凝集イオンがスクラバー水に放出される量を電流値でコントロールできるが、凝集イオンは、イオン化電極１３の通電によらず、スクラバー水に溶解されることによっても放出される。溶解による凝集イオンの放出量は電流値でコントロールできず、またスクラバー水のｐＨなどで変動するので、イオン化電極１３から電流によらず放出できる凝集イオン量を制限することは大切である。このことは、スクラバー水の凝集イオン濃度を電流値で正確にコントロールできることに加えて、イオン化電極１３の寿命を長くし、さらに海中に投棄される水の凝集イオン濃度を最適値にコントロールできる特徴があるからである。シリコンを含有するイオン化電極１３は、電流に起因しない溶解量を制限して寿命を長くでき、また、凝集イオンの放出量を電流値で正確にコントロールして、海中投棄する水の凝集イオン含有量を少なくできる特徴がある。 The ionization electrode 13 can control the amount of aggregated ions released to the scrubber water by the current value, but the aggregated ions are also released by being dissolved in the scrubber water regardless of the energization of the ionization electrode 13. The amount of aggregated ions released by dissolution cannot be controlled by the current value, and varies depending on the pH of the scrubber water. Therefore, it is important to limit the amount of aggregated ions that can be released from the ionization electrode 13 regardless of the current. In addition to being able to accurately control the agglomerated ion concentration of the scrubber water with the current value, this feature extends the life of the ionization electrode 13 and further controls the agglomerated ion concentration of the water dumped into the sea to an optimum value. Because there is. The ionization electrode 13 containing silicon can extend the life by limiting the amount of dissolution not caused by electric current, and the amount of aggregated ions released in the sea can be controlled by accurately controlling the amount of aggregated ions released by the current value. There is a feature that can reduce.
　アルミニウム電極は、シリコンに加えて、鉄、銅、マンガン、カルシウム、マグネシウム、マンガン、亜鉛などの少なくともひとつを含有するアルミニウム合金として、電極の寿命を長くできる。これ等の金属の添加量は、アルミニウム合金の寿命と電気抵抗に影響を与える。したがって、アルミニウム合金は、寿命と電気抵抗を考慮して添加する金属の含有量を調整する。アルミニウムやアルミニウム合金であるイオン化電極１３は、凝集イオンをアルミニウムイオンとし放出して、アルミニウムイオンでもって煤を効率よく凝集できる特徴がある。ただ、イオン化電極１３はアルミニウム電極に代わって、鉄、銅、マンガン、カルシウム、マグネシウム、マンガン、亜鉛の少なくともひとつを含有する合金などであって、金属イオンを放出して煤を凝集できる多の全ての金属も使用できる。 The aluminum electrode can extend the life of the electrode as an aluminum alloy containing at least one of iron, copper, manganese, calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc and the like in addition to silicon. The amount of these metals added affects the life and electrical resistance of the aluminum alloy. Therefore, in the aluminum alloy, the content of the metal to be added is adjusted in consideration of life and electric resistance. The ionization electrode 13 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy has a feature that it can release aggregated ions as aluminum ions and efficiently aggregate soot with the aluminum ions. However, the ionization electrode 13 is an alloy containing at least one of iron, copper, manganese, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc in place of the aluminum electrode, and can release all the metal ions to aggregate the soot. Other metals can also be used.
　電源１４は、一対のイオン化電極１３に正負の電圧を印加する直流電源である。直流電源の正極側に接続されたイオン化電極１３は、スクラバー水に凝集イオンを放出して消耗する。一方のイオン化電極１３の消耗を防止するために、直流電源は一定の周期で正負を切り換えてイオン化電極１３に接続する。切り換えの周期は、たとえば１秒～１時間とする。 The power source 14 is a DC power source that applies positive and negative voltages to the pair of ionization electrodes 13. The ionization electrode 13 connected to the positive electrode side of the DC power supply is exhausted by releasing aggregated ions into the scrubber water. In order to prevent the one ionization electrode 13 from being consumed, the DC power supply is connected to the ionization electrode 13 by switching between positive and negative at a constant cycle. The switching cycle is, for example, 1 second to 1 hour.
　凝集器６は、スクラバー水に凝集イオンを添加し、凝集イオンでもって、ミクロンオーダーの粒径の微細な煤を凝集して１００倍程度の大きさの凝集煤とする。スクラバー水は、微細な煤が凝集されて凝集煤を含む煤凝集水となる。排ガスから淡水に移行した煤は、平均粒径をミクロンオーダーとする極めて微細な粒子で水からの分離が極めて難しい。凝集器６で凝集された凝集煤は、微細な煤が１００倍程度に大きくなるので、分離器７で容易に分離できる。 The aggregator 6 adds agglomerated ions to the scrubber water, agglomerates fine wrinkles having a particle size of micron order with the agglomerated ions, and agglomerates about 100 times larger. The scrubber water is agglomerated water containing fine agglomerates and containing agglomerated soot. The soot that has been transferred from the exhaust gas to fresh water is extremely fine with an average particle size of the order of microns and is very difficult to separate from water. The agglomerated soot aggregated by the agglomerator 6 can be easily separated by the separator 7 because the fine soot is about 100 times larger.
　図の凝集器６は電解槽１２の液面にスクラバー水を散水する散水器２９を備える。散水器２９は、電解槽１２の液面にスクラバー水を散水して、液面に発生する泡を少なくできる。凝集器６はスクラバー水を電解して水素の微細な気泡が発生して浮上する。この気泡に煤や油性分が付着して浮上して泡となる。液面に散水するスクラバー水は、液面の泡を消失して少なくする。 The aggregator 6 shown in the figure includes a watering device 29 for spraying scrubber water on the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell 12. The sprinkler 29 sprays scrubber water on the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell 12 to reduce bubbles generated on the liquid surface. The aggregator 6 electrolyzes scrubber water to generate fine hydrogen bubbles and float. Soot and oily components adhere to the bubbles and float to form bubbles. Scrubber water sprayed on the liquid surface eliminates and reduces bubbles on the liquid surface.
　図３の分離器７は、大粒の凝集煤を沈殿させて分離する沈殿槽２０である。沈殿槽２０は煤凝集水を蓄えて大粒の凝集煤を沈殿させて分離する。図の沈殿槽２０は、下部に向かって細くなるテーパー部２０Ａを２組設けて、テーパー部２０Ａの下端には凝集煤の排出口２１を設けている。排出口２１は排出ポンプ２２を介して汚水タンク２３に連結され、排出口２１から排出される汚水を汚水タンク２３に蓄える。分離器７である沈殿槽２０の上部には、清澄な処理水をオーバーフローして排出する流出口２４を設けている。流出口２４は配管２５を介してバッファータンク２６に連結されて、沈殿槽２０からバッファータンク２６に処理水を流入する。沈殿槽２０からバッファータンク２６に流入される清澄な処理水は、循環ポンプ２７を介して清水タンク８に供給される。バッファータンク２６は処理水の濁度を検出する濁度センサ３０を備えている。濁度センサ３０は、沈殿槽２０から流入される処理水の濁度を検出し、清澄な処理水を清水タンク８に、清澄でない処理水を循環ポンプ２７を介して電解槽１２に循環する。清澄でない処理水は電解槽１２と分離器７の沈殿槽２０に循環されてより清澄な処理水となり、清澄な処理水は、清水タンク８に供給される。清水タンク８の清澄な淡水は、接触器５のノズル１０に供給されて、排出ガスから煤を分離する。煤の分離に使用しない清水タンク８の淡水は、海中投棄できる状態で海中に廃棄することもできる。図示しないが、バッファータンクは、ＰＨＡ（多環芳香族炭化水素）センサーやＰＨセンサーを設け、これ等のセンサーの検出値で、検出値が設定範囲にある処理水を清水タンクに、検出値が設定範囲にない処理水を電解槽に循環して、検出値を設定値とする処理水とすることができる。 The separator 7 in FIG. 3 is a sedimentation tank 20 that precipitates and separates large aggregated soot. The sedimentation tank 20 accumulates soot agglomerated water to precipitate and separate large agglomerated soot. The settling tank 20 in the figure is provided with two sets of tapered portions 20A that become narrower toward the lower portion, and is provided with a discharge port 21 for the coagulation tub at the lower end of the tapered portion 20A. The discharge port 21 is connected to the sewage tank 23 via the discharge pump 22 and stores the sewage discharged from the discharge port 21 in the sewage tank 23. In the upper part of the sedimentation tank 20 which is the separator 7, an outlet 24 for overflowing and discharging the clear treated water is provided. The outlet 24 is connected to a buffer tank 26 via a pipe 25, and the treated water flows from the sedimentation tank 20 into the buffer tank 26. The clear treated water flowing into the buffer tank 26 from the settling tank 20 is supplied to the fresh water tank 8 via the circulation pump 27. The buffer tank 26 includes a turbidity sensor 30 that detects the turbidity of the treated water. The turbidity sensor 30 detects the turbidity of the treated water flowing from the settling tank 20 and circulates the clear treated water to the clear water tank 8 and the unclear treated water to the electrolytic cell 12 via the circulation pump 27. Unclear treated water is circulated to the electrolytic cell 12 and the sedimentation tank 20 of the separator 7 to become clearer treated water, and the clear treated water is supplied to the clear water tank 8. The clear fresh water in the clear water tank 8 is supplied to the nozzle 10 of the contactor 5 to separate the soot from the exhaust gas. The fresh water in the fresh water tank 8 that is not used for separating the soot can be discarded in the sea in a state where it can be dumped in the sea. Although not shown, the buffer tank is provided with a PHA (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) sensor and a PH sensor, and the detected values of these sensors are treated water whose detected value is within the set range, and the detected value is Treated water that is not within the set range can be circulated through the electrolytic cell to provide treated water with the detected value as the set value.
　図の排ガス処理装置１００は、分離器７を沈殿槽２０とするが、本発明は分離器を沈殿槽に特定しない。分離器は、大粒の凝集煤を煤凝集水から分離できる他の全ての構造、たとえば、図５に示すように、煤凝集水を渦巻き状の流動させて遠心力で凝集煤を分離するサイクロン３２、凝集煤を濾過して分離する濾過槽とし、あるいは煤凝集水を超音波振動して、水分のみを微細なミストとして凝集煤から分離する超音波分離槽とすることもできる。分離器をサイクロン３２とする装置を図５を示す。この図においてサイクロン３２は、煤凝集水を円筒部の円周方向に流入して渦巻き状に流動させながら下端から排出する。遠心力で渦巻き状に流動する煤凝集水は、遠心力で大粒の凝集煤を外周に向かって移動させて円筒の内面に沿って移動させて、下端から凝集煤濃度の高い煤凝集水として排水する。サイクロン３２の中心部には垂直に排出管３３を配置している。排出管３３は、凝集煤濃度の低い清澄な処理水を排出する。超音波分離槽は、底板に超音波振動子を備える。超音波振動子が煤凝集水を超音波振動させると、煤凝集水の液柱が液面から突出する状態となる。液柱の表面に強制送風すると、液柱の表面からミストが飛散する。液柱から飛散するミストは、凝集煤の濃度が相当に低く、これをデミスターなどで集合すると、凝集煤の濃度の低い処理水が得られる。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 in the figure uses the separator 7 as the precipitation tank 20, but the present invention does not specify the separator as a precipitation tank. The separator has all other structures capable of separating large agglomerated soot from the agglomerated water, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a cyclone 32 that separates the agglomerated soot by centrifugal force by causing the soot agglomerated water to flow spirally. It is also possible to use a filtration tank that filters and separates the coagulated soot, or an ultrasonic separation tank that ultrasonically vibrates the coagulated water and separates only the water from the coagulated soot as a fine mist. FIG. 5 shows an apparatus in which the separator is a cyclone 32. In this figure, a cyclone 32 discharges soot aggregated water from the lower end while flowing in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion and flowing in a spiral shape. The coagulated water that flows in a spiral shape by centrifugal force is drained as coagulated water with a high concentration of coagulated soot from the lower end by moving large coagulated soot toward the outer periphery by centrifugal force and moving it along the inner surface of the cylinder. To do. A discharge pipe 33 is arranged vertically at the center of the cyclone 32. The discharge pipe 33 discharges clear treated water having a low coagulation soot concentration. The ultrasonic separation tank includes an ultrasonic vibrator on a bottom plate. When the ultrasonic vibrator vibrates the flocculated water, the liquid column of the flocculated water is projected from the liquid surface. When forced air is blown to the surface of the liquid column, mist is scattered from the surface of the liquid column. The mist scattered from the liquid column has a considerably low concentration of aggregated soot, and when this is collected with a demister or the like, treated water with a low concentration of aggregated soot is obtained.
　以上の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス処理装置１００は、接触工程と、凝集工程と、分離工程とで排ガスに含まれる煤を淡水に移行して排ガスから除去し、さらに煤を含むスクラバー水を清澄な水として循環して使用する。
　接触工程は、海水をＲＯ装置で淡水とし、接触器５でもって淡水に船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスを接触させて、排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分で淡水を導電処理すると共に、排ガスに含まれる煤を淡水に移行して導電性のスクラバー水とする。
　凝集工程は、接触工程で得られる導電性のスクラバー水を、凝集器６において、電圧を印加してなる一対のイオン化電極１３の間に通過させて、スクラバー水に凝集イオンを放出し、放出される凝集イオンでもってスクラバー水に含まれる煤を凝集して凝集煤を含む煤凝集水とする。
　分離工程は、凝集工程で得られる煤凝集水から分離器７でもって凝集煤を分離して除去し、排ガスの煤が淡水に移行されたスクラバー水から煤を除去する。 The exhaust gas treatment apparatus 100 for a marine diesel engine as described above transfers soot contained in the exhaust gas to fresh water by the contact process, the agglomeration process, and the separation process and removes the soot from the exhaust gas, and further clarifies the scrubber water containing soot. Circulate as fresh water.
In the contact process, seawater is made into fresh water with an RO device, the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine is brought into contact with fresh water with the contactor 5, and the fresh water is conductively treated with sulfur components contained in the exhaust gas, and the soot contained in the exhaust gas is treated. Transfer to fresh water to make conductive scrubber water.
In the agglomeration step, the conductive scrubber water obtained in the contact step is passed between a pair of ionization electrodes 13 to which a voltage is applied in the aggregator 6 to release the agglomerated ions into the scrubber water. Aggregates the soot contained in the scrubber water with the agglomerated ions to form soot agglomerated water containing aggregated soot.
In the separation step, the coagulated soot is separated and removed from the soot coagulated water obtained in the coagulation step by the separator 7, and the soot is removed from the scrubber water in which the exhaust gas soot is transferred to fresh water.
　本発明の船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法と装置は、排ガスから分離した煤を含むスクラバー水を清澄な水として海に投棄する用途に有効に使用できる。 The exhaust gas treatment method and apparatus for marine diesel engines of the present invention can be effectively used for the purpose of dumping scrubber water containing soot separated from exhaust gas into the sea as clear water.
１００…排気ガス処理装置
　　１…ターボチャージャー
　　２…エンジン本体
　　３…ＥＧＲ循環路
　　４…淡水化装置
　　５…接触器
　　６…凝集器
　　７…分離器
　　８…清水タンク
　　９…密閉チャンバー
　１０…ノズル
　１１…スクラバー水ポンプ
　１２…電解槽
　１３…イオン化電極
　１４…電源
　１５…底板
　１６…撹拌機
　１７…回転軸
　１８…減速モータ
　１９…撹拌羽根
　２０…沈殿槽
　２０Ａ…テーパー部
　２１…排出口
　２２…排出ポンプ
　２３…汚水タンク
　２４…流出口
　２５…配管
　２６…バッファータンク
　２７…循環ポンプ
　２８…加圧ポンプ
　２９…散水器
　３０…濁度センサ
　３１…切換弁
　３２…サイクロン
　３３…排出管 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Exhaust gas processing apparatus 1 ... Turbocharger 2 ... Engine main body 3 ... EGR circuit 4 ... Desalination device 5 ... Contactor 6 ... Aggregator 7 ... Separator 8 ... Fresh water tank 9 ... Sealed chamber 10 ... Nozzle 11 ... Scrubber Water pump 12 ... Electrolysis tank 13 ... Ionization electrode 14 ... Power source 15 ... Bottom plate 16 ... Stirrer 17 ... Rotating shaft 18 ... Reduction motor 19 ... Stirring blade 20 ... Precipitation tank 20A ... Taper part 21 ... Discharge port 22 ... Discharge pump 23 ... Sewage tank 24 ... Outlet 25 ... Piping 26 ... Buffer tank 27 ... Circulation pump 28 ... Pressurizing pump 29 ... Sprinkler 30 ... Turbidity sensor 31 ... Switching valve 32 ... Cyclone 33 ... Drain pipe

Claims (16)

  1. 　淡水に船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスを接触させて、排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分で淡水を導電処理すると共に、排ガスに含まれる煤を淡水に移行して導電性のスクラバー水とする接触工程と、
    　前記接触工程で得られる導電性のスクラバー水を、電圧を印加してなる一対のイオン化電極の間に通過させて、スクラバー水に凝集イオンを放出し、放出される凝集イオンでもってスクラバー水に含まれる煤を凝集して凝集煤を含む煤凝集水とする凝集工程と、
    　前記凝集工程で得られる煤凝集水から凝集煤を分離する分離工程とからなる船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法。     Contacting the fresh water with the exhaust gas of the marine diesel engine, conducting the fresh water with a sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas, and transferring the soot contained in the exhaust gas to the fresh water to make conductive scrubber water; and
    The conductive scrubber water obtained in the contacting step is passed between a pair of ionization electrodes to which a voltage is applied to release aggregated ions into the scrubber water, and the aggregated ions that are released are contained in the scrubber water. An agglomeration step for agglomerating the cocoons to form cocoon agglomerated water containing agglomerated cocoons;
    An exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine comprising a separation step of separating aggregated soot from the soot-aggregated water obtained in the coagulation step.
  2. 　請求項１に記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス処理方法であって、
    　前記イオン化電極をアルミニウム電極とし、スクラバー水に放出される凝集イオンをアルミニウムイオンとすることを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス処理方法。     An exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine according to claim 1,
    An exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine, characterized in that the ionized electrode is an aluminum electrode, and the aggregated ions released into the scrubber water are aluminum ions.
  3. 　請求項１又は２に記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法であって、
    　前記凝集工程において煤凝集水に含まれる凝集煤を沈殿させて分離する船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法。     An exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine according to claim 1 or 2,
    An exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine that precipitates and separates the aggregated soot contained in the coagulated water in the coagulation step.
  4. 　請求項１ないし３のいずれかに記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法であって、
    　前記イオン化電極に、シリコンを含有するアルミニウム合金を使用することを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法。     An exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    An exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines, wherein an aluminum alloy containing silicon is used for the ionization electrode.
  5. 　請求項１ないし４のいずれかに記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法であって、
    　前記イオン化電極に、鉄、銅、マンガン、カルシウム、マグネシウム、マンガン、亜鉛の少なくともひとつを含有する合金を使用することを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法。     An exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    An exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine, wherein an alloy containing at least one of iron, copper, manganese, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc is used for the ionization electrode.
  6. 　請求項１ないし５のいずれかに記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法であって、
    　前記凝集工程において、前記イオン化電極間を通過する前記スクラバー水を強制的に撹拌することを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法。     An exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    In the aggregation step, the scrubber water passing between the ionization electrodes is forcibly stirred.
  7. 　請求項１ないし６のいずれかに記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法であって、
    　前記凝集工程において、前記電解槽の液面に前記スクラバー水を散水することを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理方法。     An exhaust gas treatment method for a marine diesel engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    In the coagulation step, the scrubber water is sprinkled on the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell, and the exhaust gas treatment method for marine diesel engines.
  8. 　船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスから煤を除去する排ガス処理装置であって、
    　淡水と排ガスとを接触して導電性があって煤を含有するスクラバー水とする接触器と、
    　前記接触器で得られるスクラバー水に含まれる煤の凝集体である凝集煤を含有する煤凝集水とする凝集器と、
    　前記凝集器で得られる煤凝集水に含まれる凝集煤を分離する分離器とを備える船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置であって、
    　前記接触器が、
    　淡水に排ガスが接触されて排ガスに含まれる硫黄成分で淡水を導電処理すると共に、排ガスの煤を淡水に移行してなるスクラバー水とする淡水と排ガスの接触部を有し、
    　前記凝集器が
    　前記接触器で得られるスクラバー水を所定の液面レベルで蓄える電解槽と、
    　前記電解槽のスクラバー水に浸漬され、かつ対向位置に配置してなる一対のイオン化電極と、
    　一対の前記イオン化電極に電圧を印加して、前記電解槽に蓄えてなる導電性のスクラバー水に凝集イオンを放出して、凝集イオンでもってスクラバー水に含まれる煤を凝集煤として煤凝集水とする電源とを備え、
    　前記接触器で得られる硫黄成分を含有するスクラバー水の煤が、前記凝集器で凝集されて煤凝集水とされ、前記煤凝集水の凝集煤が前記分離器で分離されることを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置。     An exhaust gas treatment device that removes soot from the exhaust gas of a marine diesel engine,
    A contactor that makes fresh water and exhaust gas contact to form scrubber water that is conductive and contains soot;
    A coagulator that is coagulated water containing coagulated soot that is an aggregate of soot contained in the scrubber water obtained by the contactor;
    An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine, comprising a separator for separating the coagulated soot contained in the coagulated water obtained by the coagulator;
    The contactor is
    The exhaust water is brought into contact with fresh water, and the fresh water is subjected to conductive treatment with a sulfur component contained in the exhaust gas.
    An electrolytic cell in which the aggregator stores scrubber water obtained by the contactor at a predetermined liquid level;
    A pair of ionization electrodes immersed in the scrubber water of the electrolytic cell and disposed at opposing positions;
    A voltage is applied to the pair of ionization electrodes to release aggregated ions into the conductive scrubber water stored in the electrolytic cell. Power supply
    The scrubber water soot containing the sulfur component obtained in the contactor is aggregated in the agglomerator to become soot aggregated water, and the aggregated soot of the soot aggregated water is separated in the separator. Exhaust gas treatment equipment for marine diesel engines.
  9. 　請求項８に記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス処理装置であって、
    　前記イオン化電極がアルミニウム電極で、スクラバー水に放出される凝集イオンがアルミニウムイオンですることを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス処理装置。     An exhaust gas treatment device for a marine diesel engine according to claim 8,
    An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for marine diesel engines, wherein the ionization electrode is an aluminum electrode, and the aggregated ions released into the scrubber water are aluminum ions.
  10. 　請求項８又は９に記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置であって、
    　前記分離器が、煤凝集水を蓄えて凝集煤を沈殿させる沈殿槽を備え、前記沈殿槽が凝集煤を沈殿させて煤凝集水から分離することを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置     An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to claim 8 or 9,
    The exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine, wherein the separator includes a settling tank for storing drought aggregated water and precipitating the aggregate soot, and the settling tank precipitates the aggregate soot and separates it from the drought aggregate water.
  11. 　請求項８又は９に記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置であって、
    　前記分離器が、煤凝集水を分離するサイクロンを備え、前記サイクロンが凝集煤を分離して煤凝集水から分離することを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理     An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to claim 8 or 9,
    Exhaust gas treatment for marine diesel engines, wherein the separator includes a cyclone that separates soot agglomerated water, and the cyclone separates the soot agglomerated water and separates it from the soot agglomerated water
  12. 　請求項７ないし９のいずれかに記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置であって、
    　前記イオン化電極が、シリコンを含むアルミニウム合金であることを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置。     An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to any one of claims 7 to 9,
    The exhaust gas treatment apparatus for marine diesel engines, wherein the ionization electrode is an aluminum alloy containing silicon.
  13. 　請求項９ないし１２のいずれかに記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置であって、
    　前記イオン化電極が、鉄、銅、マンガン、カルシウム、マグネシウム、マンガン、亜鉛の少なくともひとつを含有する合金であることを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置。     An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to any one of claims 9 to 12,
    The exhaust gas treatment apparatus for marine diesel engines, wherein the ionized electrode is an alloy containing at least one of iron, copper, manganese, calcium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc.
  14. 　請求項８ないし１３のいずれかに記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置であって、
    　前記凝集器が、前記電解槽のスクラバー水の撹拌器を有することを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置。     An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to any one of claims 8 to 13,
    The flue gas treatment apparatus for marine diesel engines, wherein the aggregator has a stirrer for the scrubber water of the electrolytic cell.
  15. 　請求項８ないし１４のいずれかに記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置であって、
    　前記電解槽の液面にスクラバー水を散水する散水器を有することを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置。     An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to any one of claims 8 to 14,
    An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for marine diesel engines, comprising a water sprinkler for spraying scrubber water on the liquid surface of the electrolytic cell.
  16. 　請求項８ないし１５のいずれかに記載される船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置であって、
    　前記電解槽の底面が中央凹の湾曲形状としてなることを特徴とする船舶用ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理装置。     An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a marine diesel engine according to any one of claims 8 to 15,
    An exhaust gas treatment apparatus for marine diesel engines, wherein the bottom surface of the electrolytic cell has a curved shape with a central recess.
PCT/JP2018/020239 2017-05-26 2018-05-25 Ship diesel engine exhaust gas treatment method and treatment device WO2018216815A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10230275A (en) * 1997-02-21 1998-09-02 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Treatment of phosphate ion-containing waste water
JP2003301714A (en) * 2002-04-11 2003-10-24 Denso Corp Exhaust emission control device
WO2014098120A1 (en) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-26 富士電機株式会社 Exhaust gas purifying apparatus
WO2016147708A1 (en) * 2015-03-13 2016-09-22 富士電機株式会社 Method for treating scrubber effluent, and apparatus for treating scrubber effluent

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10230275A (en) * 1997-02-21 1998-09-02 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Treatment of phosphate ion-containing waste water
JP2003301714A (en) * 2002-04-11 2003-10-24 Denso Corp Exhaust emission control device
WO2014098120A1 (en) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-26 富士電機株式会社 Exhaust gas purifying apparatus
WO2016147708A1 (en) * 2015-03-13 2016-09-22 富士電機株式会社 Method for treating scrubber effluent, and apparatus for treating scrubber effluent

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