WO2018214138A1 - 一种同步字检测方法、装置、发送器和接收器 - Google Patents

一种同步字检测方法、装置、发送器和接收器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018214138A1
WO2018214138A1 PCT/CN2017/086053 CN2017086053W WO2018214138A1 WO 2018214138 A1 WO2018214138 A1 WO 2018214138A1 CN 2017086053 W CN2017086053 W CN 2017086053W WO 2018214138 A1 WO2018214138 A1 WO 2018214138A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data frame
preset number
synchronization
words
synchronization words
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PCT/CN2017/086053
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建功
于洪涛
孙红
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哈尔滨海能达科技有限公司
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Priority to US16/615,407 priority Critical patent/US11258576B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/086053 priority patent/WO2018214138A1/zh
Publication of WO2018214138A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018214138A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
    • H04L7/0091—Transmitter details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
    • H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
    • H04L7/041—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals using special codes as synchronising signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0033—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0036—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
    • H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
    • H04L7/10—Arrangements for initial synchronisation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a synchronization word detection method, apparatus, transmitter and receiver.
  • Data transmission is the transmission and reception of data in a certain data frame format.
  • the frame positioning information of the data is not transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver by using a separate connection.
  • the commonly used method is to insert the synchronization word at intervals in the transmission data.
  • the receiver determines the frame positioning information of the data by means of synchronous word detection.
  • the present invention provides a synchronization word detection method, apparatus, transmitter, and receiver to solve the problem of high frame loss rate during data transmission.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a synchronous word detection method applied to a transmitter comprising:
  • the method further includes:
  • the location does not include at least one location of the synchronization word in the data frame to be transmitted that is not detected by the receiver, the preset number of synchronization words; the next data frame is arranged in the One data frame with the smallest distance behind the transmitted data frame;
  • the position of the preset number of synchronization words is evenly distributed in the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words;
  • the position of the preset number of synchronization words is unevenly distributed in the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words.
  • the length of the information bit in the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words is twice the length of the synchronization word.
  • the preset number includes three.
  • a synchronization word detection method applied to a receiver comprising:
  • each of the preset number of synchronization words is cross-correlated with the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words.
  • the method further includes:
  • a synchronization word detecting device applied to a transmitter, comprising:
  • An insertion unit configured to insert a preset number of synchronization words in the data frame to be sent; wherein, the length of the information bit in the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words is a specification of a synchronization word length a multiple; the preset number of synchronization words have different symbol compositions or the same symbol composition but different symbol arrangement orders;
  • a sending unit configured to send the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words to the receiver.
  • the method further comprises:
  • a handshake signal receiving unit configured to send, by the sending unit, the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words to a receiver, and receive a handshake signal sent by the receiver;
  • An adjusting unit configured to adjust, according to a preset rule, a position of at least one synchronization word in the preset number of synchronization words inserted in a next data frame, where the preset rule is the preset number of synchronization words
  • the location in the next data frame does not include at least one location of the synchronization word in the data frame to be transmitted that is not detected by the receiver, and the next number of synchronization words;
  • the next data frame is Arranging a data frame having the smallest distance behind the data frame to be transmitted;
  • the sending unit is further configured to send, to the receiver, the next data frame whose position of the at least one synchronization word of the preset number of synchronization words is inserted.
  • a synchronization word detecting device is applied to a receiver, comprising:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive, by the transmitter, a data frame to be sent by inserting a preset number of synchronization words
  • a cross-correlation unit configured to perform a cross-correlation between each of the preset number of synchronization words and the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words.
  • the method further comprises:
  • a determining unit configured to: after the cross-correlation unit, perform a cross-correlation between each synchronization word in the preset number of synchronization words and the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words, Determining whether there is at least two synchronizations in the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words Word not detected;
  • a handshake signal sending unit configured to: when the determining unit determines that at least two synchronization words in the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words are not detected, send a handshake signal to the transmitter ;
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive a next data frame that is sent by the transmitter and that is adjusted by adjusting a position of at least one synchronization word of the preset number of synchronization words.
  • a transmitter includes: a memory and a processor
  • the memory is used to store a program
  • the processor is for calling a program, wherein the program is used to:
  • the processor is configured to: after the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words is sent to a receiver, further used to:
  • the location does not include at least one location of the synchronization word in the data frame to be transmitted that is not detected by the receiver, the preset number of synchronization words; the next data frame is arranged in the One data frame with the smallest distance behind the transmitted data frame;
  • a receiver comprising:
  • the memory is used to store a program
  • the processor is for calling a program, wherein the program is used to:
  • each of the preset number of synchronization words is cross-correlated with the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words.
  • the processor is configured to perform a cross-correlation between each of the preset number of synchronization words and the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words, and further use to:
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention provides a synchronization word detection method, a transmitter and a receiver. After the transmitter inserts a synchronization word in a data frame to be transmitted, the transmitter transmits a data frame to be transmitted inserted into a preset number of synchronization words to receive. Device.
  • the length of the information bit in the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words is a specified multiple of the length of the synchronization word, and the symbol number of the inserted preset number of synchronization words is different or the symbol composition is the same but the symbol The order of the data is different.
  • the receiver After receiving the data frame to be sent, the receiver sends each synchronization word in the preset number of synchronization words to the data frame to be sent by inserting the preset number of synchronization words. Doing a cross-correlation can ensure that at least one correlation peak can be detected, so that the position of at least one synchronization word can be confirmed, thereby determining the frame positioning information of the data, and reducing the frame loss rate.
  • 1 is a synchronization word detection method applied to a transmitter according to the present invention
  • Figure 2a is a first data frame structure
  • Figure 2b is a second data frame structure
  • Figure 2c is a third data frame structure
  • Figure 2d is a fourth data frame structure
  • Figure 2e is a fifth data frame structure
  • Figure 2f is a sixth data frame structure
  • Figure 2g is a seventh data frame structure
  • Figure 2h is an eighth data frame structure
  • Figure 2i is a ninth data frame structure
  • Figure 2j is a tenth data frame structure
  • Figure 3a is a first fading result diagram
  • Figure 3b is a second fading result diagram
  • Figure 3c is a third fading result graph
  • Figure 3d is a fourth fading result diagram
  • Figure 3e is a fifth fading result diagram
  • Figure 5a is a comparison diagram of synchronization word detection results using the data frame structure of Figures 2a to 2j;
  • Figure 5b is a comparison diagram of a synchronization word detection result using an adaptive adjustment scheme
  • Figure 5c is a comparison diagram of another synchronization word detection result using an adaptive adjustment scheme
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a synchronization word detection method applied to a receiver according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another synchronization word detection method applied to a receiver according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a synchronization word detecting apparatus applied to a transmitter according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is another synchronization word detecting apparatus applied to a transmitter according to the present invention.
  • 11 is another synchronization word detecting device applied to a receiver according to the present invention.
  • 12a is a schematic structural diagram of a data frame in which a double sync word is inserted
  • 12b is a schematic structural diagram of a data frame in which a long double sync word is inserted
  • 12c is a schematic structural diagram of a data frame in which three sync words are inserted
  • 12d is a schematic structural diagram of a data frame in which a long three-sync word is inserted;
  • Figure 13 is a comparison diagram of results of verifying sync words using different methods
  • Figure 14 is a comparison diagram of results of inserting different kinds of sync words
  • Fig. 15 is a comparison diagram of results of inserting different kinds of sync words.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a synchronization word detection method, which is applied to a transmitter, wherein the transmitter refers to one end of transmitting data, and the transmitter transmits data in the form of a data frame.
  • a synchronization word detection method includes:
  • the preset number of sync words is determined by negotiation between the data transmitter and the data receiver.
  • the preset number is three.
  • the preset number may also be two, four, five or more.
  • the preset number is preferably set to three because three sync words are set, and it is easier to detect the sync word than setting two sync words, compared to setting four, five or more sync words. It is because after setting more than four sync words, the peak value of each sync word will be small and it is not easy to detect.
  • the length of the information bit in the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words is a specified multiple of the length of the synchronization word; specifically, the information bit length is twice the length of the synchronization word.
  • the preset number of synchronization words has different symbol composition or the same symbol composition but different symbol arrangement order. Among them, the preset number of synchronization words are set to have different symbol composition or the same symbol composition but different symbol arrangement order, in order to Ensure that the sync words are different.
  • the position of the preset number of sync words is unevenly distributed in the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of sync words.
  • FIG. 2a The three sync words in Fig. 2a are evenly distributed among the data frames to be transmitted in which three sync words are inserted, two information bits between each two sync words, and the first sync word in Fig. 2a is shown in Fig. 2b.
  • Figure 2c is the case where the first sync word in Figure 2a is moved to the right by a distance
  • Figure 2d is the case where the second sync word in Figure 2a is moved to the left by a distance
  • 2e is a case where the second sync word in FIG. 2a is shifted to the right by a distance
  • FIG. 2f is a case where the third sync word in FIG. 2a is shifted to the left by a distance
  • FIG. 2g is the case in FIG. 2a.
  • the third sync word moves to the right for a distance.
  • the moving distance of the moving sync word in FIG. 2b to FIG. 2g is 1/6 of the total length of the information bit data.
  • the distribution of the three sync words in Fig. 2h to Fig. 2j is relatively concentrated.
  • the three sync words in Fig. 2h are distributed at the head end of the information bits, and the three sync words in Fig. 2i are distributed in the middle of the information bits, in Fig. 2j.
  • the three sync words are distributed at the end of the information bits.
  • FIG. 3a to FIG. 3e describe that the receiver converts each of the three sync words with the insert of three sync words.
  • the fading of the sync word after the data frame to be transmitted is cross-correlated.
  • the mobile communication system is mostly built in the urban area of large and medium-sized cities.
  • the high-rise buildings in the city are densely populated and the buildings are different in shape and shape.
  • the signal transmission characteristics change very sharply, so that the radio waves received by the mobile station are generally direct waves and change at any time.
  • the superposition of reflected waves and scattered waves is called fading.
  • Multipath propagation the presence of scattering and reflections in the channel causes the transmitted signal to reach the receiving antenna through different paths;
  • the Rayleigh fading channel is a statistical model of the radio signal propagation environment. Suitable for describing wireless channels in densely populated urban centers. Dense buildings and other objects make there is no direct path between the transmitter and receiver of the wireless device, and the wireless signal is attenuated, reflected, refracted, and diffracted.
  • the noise fading period of the Ruili fading channel is twice the length of the information bit, refer to FIG. 3a and FIG. 3b.
  • the shaded portion is the position of the sync word
  • the concave position of the wavy line is the fading position.
  • the first sync word and the third sync word are in the convex position of the wavy line, indicating that The fading is turned on
  • the second sync word is in the concave position of the wavy line, indicating that it is faded.
  • the first sync word and the third sync word are faded, and the second sync word avoids fading.
  • Fig. 3c the first sync word and the second sync word avoid fading, and the third sync word is faded.
  • the first sync word is faded, and the second sync word and the third sync word avoid fading.
  • the receiver can ensure that at least one synchronization word is detected, thereby being able to determine the frame positioning of the data.
  • Information reducing the frame loss rate.
  • the noise fading period of the Ruili fading channel is not an integer multiple of the information bit length
  • the position scheme of the three sync words in FIG. 2a is taken as an example, and the synchronization word length N and the information bit length 2N are assumed, and the noise fading period is assumed to be Information bit 2 (Na), fading occurs at positions 2N-2a, 4N-4a, 6N-6a... or Na, 3N-2a, 5N-5a...
  • a N/4 is assumed, and fading occurs at positions 2N-N/2, 3N, 6N-3N/2... or NN/4, 3N- N/2, 4N... can also prevent all three sync words from appearing in the fading position; for the above case, even if a sync word is in the fading position, the sync word of the entire length does not fall on the fading position, as shown in the figure. 3e is shown. In Fig. 3e, the partial length of the first sync word, the second sync word and the third sync word are in the fading position, and since the entire sync word is not in the fading position, it is also detected by the receiver.
  • This embodiment provides a synchronization word detection method, where a transmitter inserts a data frame to be transmitted. After the preset number of sync words is entered, the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of sync words is sent to the receiver.
  • the length of the information bit in the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words is a specified multiple of the length of the synchronization word, and the preset number of inserted synchronization words has different symbol composition or the same symbol composition but the symbol arrangement Different sequences can ensure that at least one sync word can be detected, so that the position of at least one sync word can be confirmed, thereby determining the frame positioning information of the data, and reducing the frame loss rate.
  • the method further includes:
  • the receiver After the data frame to be sent is sent to the receiver, the receiver performs a cross-correlation between each synchronization word in the preset number of synchronization words and the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words. When it is detected that two or more sync words in the data frame to be transmitted are not detected, the handshake signal transmitted by the receiver is received.
  • the preset rule is that the preset number of synchronization words in the next data frame does not include at least one synchronization word that is not detected by the receiver, and the preset number of synchronization words are in the data frame to be transmitted.
  • Position; the next data frame is a data frame that is arranged with the smallest distance behind the data frame to be transmitted.
  • Adjusting the position of at least one of the preset sync words inserted in the next data frame is to ensure that at least two sync words in the data frame received by the receiver can be detected by the receiver.
  • adjusting the position of at least one synchronization word in the preset number of synchronization words inserted in the next data frame belongs to adaptive adjustment.
  • the tool used in the simulation in this embodiment is the matrix laboratory matlab2012b, and the modulation mode is frequency shift keying 4FSK modulation.
  • the Gaussian noise channel model and the Rayleigh noise + Gaussian noise channel model are used in the modeling.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of the Gaussian channel varies from -20dB to 0dB.
  • the Rayleigh channel takes the city ring.
  • the environment model that is, the Doppler shift is 20 Hz, the multipath delay is [05e-6], and the multipath gain is [0-22.3].
  • the amount of data in the simulation is 288 ⁇ 5e3bit.
  • the simulation uses the processing of detecting 1 frame virtual 2 frames when doing frame loss rate statistics.
  • the data1 to data10 curves in Fig. 5a respectively represent the detection results of the synchronization words in the case of the three synchronization word position distribution schemes in Figs. 2a to 2j, wherein the data1 curve corresponds to Fig. 2a, the data2 curve corresponds to Fig. 2b, and so on.
  • the data10 curve corresponds to Figure 2j.
  • the abscissa SNR represents the signal-to-noise ratio and the ordinate represents the frame loss rate.
  • the position distribution scheme of the three sync words adopts the position distribution scheme of the three sync words in Fig. 2a, Fig. 2b, Fig. 2d and Fig. 2e, and the detection effect is the best.
  • the position distribution scheme of the three sync words in FIG. 2a when the bit error rate is lower than 8.9%, no frame loss can be achieved, and when the position distribution scheme of the three sync words in FIG. 2b is used, the error is generated. When the rate is lower than 10.9%, no frame loss can be achieved.
  • the position of the synchronization word needs to be adjusted, under the condition that the preset rule is satisfied, the four position distribution schemes of FIG. 2a, FIG.
  • FIG. 2b, FIG. 2d, and FIG. 2e are preferentially selected, as shown in FIG. 2a and FIG.
  • a scheme conforming to the preset rule is selected in FIG. 2c, FIG. 2f, FIG. 2g, FIG. 2h, FIG. 2i, and FIG.
  • the adaptive adjustment scheme is compared with the four schemes of FIG. 2a, FIG. 2b, FIG. 2d and FIG. 2e under the condition that the preset rule is satisfied, refer to FIG. 5b and FIG. 5c.
  • the abscissa SNR represents the signal-to-noise ratio
  • the ordinate represents the frame loss rate
  • the scheme 1 curve is the detection result of the synchronization word after adopting the scheme in FIG. 2a
  • the scheme 2 curve is the synchronization word after the scheme in FIG. 2b is used.
  • the detection result, the curve of the scheme 4 is the detection result of the synchronization word after adopting the scheme in FIG. 2d
  • the curve of the scheme 5 is the detection result of the synchronization word after adopting the scheme in FIG. 2e
  • the adaptive curve is the position where the synchronization word needs to be adjusted.
  • the abscissa represents the Doppler shift
  • the ordinate represents the frame loss rate
  • the scheme 1 curve is the detection result of the sync word after the scheme in FIG. 2a.
  • the case 2 curve is the detection result of the synchronization word after adopting the scheme in FIG. 2b
  • the scheme 4 curve is the detection result of the synchronization word after adopting the scheme in FIG. 2d
  • the scheme 5 curve is the synchronization word after adopting the scheme in FIG. 2e.
  • the adaptive curve is the detection result of the synchronization word adjusted according to the preset rule when the position of the synchronization word needs to be adjusted.
  • the adaptive position adjustment scheme can reduce the frame loss rate. .
  • the position of at least one synchronization word in the preset number of synchronization words inserted in the next data frame is adjusted, and it can be ensured that at least one synchronization word in the data frame received by the receiver can be
  • the receiver detects, and can ensure that at least one correlation peak can be detected, thereby confirming the position of at least one synchronization word, thereby determining the frame positioning information of the data, and reducing the frame loss rate.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a synchronization word detection method, which is applied to a receiver.
  • the method includes:
  • S602 Perform a cross-correlation between each synchronization word in the preset number of synchronization words and the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words.
  • the correlation detection method can find the correlation between the two parts of the same signal or between the two signals from the noise or from other unrelated signals to determine their similarity, and then detect and extract the signal features.
  • the expression for a short-term cross-correlation function with N sample points is:
  • N is the length of the sample sequence of the time domain pending signal
  • n is the delay length
  • k is the time domain sample number
  • x is the input signal sequence
  • y is the channel function
  • R is the received signal sequence.
  • the synchronization word is used as the matched filter, and the correlation values corresponding to the summation of the received signal and the synchronization word at different delay times are respectively calculated.
  • the correlation value is maximum, and is greater than a certain threshold at the same time, the time is considered to be the end position of the synchronization word in the data frame.
  • the preset synchronization number of synchronization words sent by the transmitter is sent to be sent.
  • Data frame; each synchronization word in a preset number of synchronization words is cross-correlated with a data frame to be transmitted inserted into a preset number of synchronization words. It can be ensured that at least one correlation peak can be detected, so that the position of at least one synchronization word can be confirmed, thereby determining the frame positioning information of the data, and reducing the frame loss rate.
  • each synchronization word in a preset number of synchronization words is mutually interacted with a data frame to be transmitted inserted into a preset number of synchronization words.
  • it also includes:
  • S705. Receive a next data frame that is adjusted by using a position of at least one of the preset number of synchronization words to be inserted by the transmitter.
  • the handshake signal is sent to the receiver, so that the receiver will insert at least a preset number of synchronization words.
  • the position of a sync word is adjusted to ensure that at least one sync word can be detected at the receiver, thereby reducing the frame loss rate.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a synchronization word detecting apparatus, which is applied to a transmitter.
  • the method includes:
  • the inserting unit 101 is configured to insert a preset number of synchronization words in the data frame to be sent;
  • the length of the information bit in the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words is a specified multiple of the length of the synchronization word; the preset number of synchronization words has different symbol composition or the same symbol composition but different symbol arrangement order. ;
  • the sending unit 102 is configured to send a data frame to be sent inserted into a preset number of synchronization words to the receiver.
  • the sending unit 102 transmits the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words to the receiver. It is possible to ensure that at least one sync word can be detected at the receiver, thereby reducing the frame loss rate.
  • the method further includes:
  • the handshake signal receiving unit 103 is configured to: after the sending unit 102 sends the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words to the receiver, receive the handshake signal sent by the receiver;
  • the adjusting unit 104 is configured to adjust, according to a preset rule, a position of at least one synchronization word in a preset number of synchronization words inserted in the next data frame;
  • the preset rule is that the position of the preset number of synchronization words in the next data frame does not include at least one position of the synchronization word in the data frame to be transmitted that is not detected by the receiver and the preset number of synchronization words;
  • the next data frame is a data frame that has the smallest distance after the data frame to be transmitted;
  • the sending unit 102 is further configured to send the next data frame adjusted by the position of the at least one synchronization word of the inserted preset number of synchronization words to the receiver.
  • the handshake signal receiving unit 103 receives the handshake signal sent by the receiver, and the adjusting unit 104 adjusts the next data frame according to the preset rule. Transmitting, by the sending unit 102, the position of the at least one synchronization word inserted in the preset number of synchronization words, and transmitting, by the transmitting unit 102, the next data frame adjusted by the position of the at least one synchronization word of the inserted preset number of synchronization words to the receiver, It is guaranteed that a sync word can be detected at the receiver, reducing the frame loss rate.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides a synchronization word detecting apparatus, which is applied to a receiver.
  • the method includes:
  • the receiving unit 105 is configured to receive, by the transmitter, a data frame to be sent by inserting a preset number of synchronization words
  • the cross-correlation unit 106 is configured to perform a cross-correlation between each synchronization word in the preset number of synchronization words and the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words.
  • the receiving unit 105 receives the data frame to be sent by the transmitter and inserts a preset number of synchronization words; the cross-correlation unit 106 sets each synchronization word of the preset number of synchronization words. Performing a cross-correlation with the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words can ensure that a synchronization word can be detected when the receiver detects the synchronization word, thereby reducing the frame loss rate.
  • the method further includes:
  • the determining unit 107 is configured to determine whether at least two synchronization words in the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words are not detected;
  • the handshake signal sending unit 108 is configured to: when the determining unit 107 determines that at least two sync words in the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of sync words are not detected, send a handshake signal to the transmitter;
  • the receiving unit 105 is further configured to receive a next data frame that is sent by the transmitter and that adjusts a position of at least one synchronization word of the preset preset number of synchronization words.
  • the determining unit 107 determines whether at least two synchronization words in the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words are not detected, and the handshake signal sending unit 108 sends the handshake signal to the transmitter.
  • the transmitter adjusts the position of the sync word in time to ensure that the receiver can detect the sync word, thereby reducing the frame loss rate.
  • FIGS. 12a to 12d The structure of the data frame in which the double sync word, the extended double sync word, the triple sync word, and the extended triple sync word are inserted is referred to FIGS. 12a to 12d.
  • the redundant bits are not placed in the protection bits in Figures 12a to 12d, but are placed directly in the data frame.
  • each frame can transmit 196 bits of information bits, where Information bits are divided into 50bit and 96bit.
  • Figure 12b is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data frame inserted with a long double sync word.
  • the data frame is 288 bits
  • each sync word is 48 bits
  • the protection bit is 24 bits
  • the redundancy bit is 10 bits.
  • 148 bits can be transmitted per frame.
  • Information bits where the information bits are divided into 38 bits and 72 bits.
  • 12c is a schematic structural diagram of a data frame in which a three-sync word is inserted.
  • the data frame is 288 bits
  • each sync word is 16 bits
  • the protection bit is 24 bits
  • the redundancy bit is 10 bits.
  • each frame can transmit 196 bits of information bits, where The information bits are divided into 34 bits and 64 bits.
  • 12d is a schematic structural diagram of a data frame inserted with a long three-sync word.
  • the data frame is 288 bits
  • each sync word is 24 bits
  • the protection bit is 24 bits
  • the redundancy bit is 10 bits.
  • 172 bits of information bits can be transmitted per frame, wherein The information bits are divided into 28bit and 58bit.
  • Method 1 Compare the detected (positive and reverse) sync words directly with the original (positive and reverse) sync words to see the number of error bits
  • Method 2 According to the detected sync word Position, calculate the position of other sync words, reverse the sync words, multiply each sync word by the appropriate coefficient and sum, and compare the result with the original sync word to see the number of error bits. Taking the extended double sync word detection as an example, the results of the two check sync word methods are as shown in FIG.
  • the curve of the method 1 in FIG. 13 is the detection result obtained by the method 1, and the curve of the method 2 is the detection result obtained by the method 2, the abscissa represents the signal-to-noise ratio, and the ordinate represents the frame loss rate. It can be seen from Fig. 13 that under the same signal-to-noise ratio condition, the lost frame rate of method 1 is lower than that of method 2, and the detection effect is better. This is because the multi-sync word is at different positions of the code group and the degree of channel interference is different. When doing the summation operation, the weakly disturbed sync word iterates over the influence of the strong interference sync word, which makes the distortion more serious and affects the detection effect.
  • FIG. 14 adopts a Gaussian channel, and the abscissa represents Signal-to-noise ratio, the ordinate represents the frame loss rate, the wide condition refers to the correlation peak-to-peak threshold of 0.7, the synchronization word error threshold is 10%; the strict condition means that the correlation peak-to-peak threshold is 0.5, and the synchronization word error threshold is 20%.
  • the frame loss rate of each scheme of the simulation result under the wide condition is lower than the frame loss rate under the strict condition of the scheme. Comparing the simulation results of different schemes, when the total number of bits of the synchronization word is constant, the effect of double synchronization word detection is better than that of single synchronization word detection, and the effect of three-sync word detection is the best. Under strict conditions, lengthen the double sync word detection effect and lengthen the three sync The word detection effect is not improved; the effect is significantly improved under wide conditions.
  • the frame loss rate under strict conditions is sorted as: three sync words ⁇ long three sync words ⁇ double sync word ⁇ lengthened double sync word ⁇ single sync word. With the three-sync word detection scheme, when the bit error rate is lower than 8.2%, no frame loss can be achieved.
  • the frame loss rate under strict conditions is ordered as: three sync words ⁇ lengthened three sync words ⁇ double sync word ⁇ lengthened double sync word ⁇ single sync word. Adopting the three-synchronous condition strict detection scheme, when the bit error rate is lower than 10.9%, no frame loss can be achieved; using the three-sync word width condition detection scheme, when the bit error rate is lower than 12.6%, no loss can be achieved. frame.
  • a transmitter including: a memory and a processor;
  • the memory is used to store a program
  • the processor is for calling a program, wherein the program is used to:
  • the processor after the processor sends the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words to the receiver, the processor is further configured to:
  • the location does not include at least one of the same number of presets that are not detected at the receiver a position of a sync word in a data frame to be transmitted;
  • the next data frame is a data frame having a smallest distance arranged behind the data frame to be transmitted;
  • the transmitter transmits a data frame to be sent with a preset number of synchronization words to the receiver.
  • the length of the information bit in the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words is a specified multiple of the length of the synchronization word, and the preset number of inserted synchronization words has different symbol composition or the same symbol composition but the symbol arrangement Different sequences can ensure that at least one sync word can be detected, so that the position of at least one sync word can be confirmed, thereby determining the frame positioning information of the data, and reducing the frame loss rate.
  • a receiver including:
  • the memory is used to store a program
  • the processor is for calling a program, wherein the program is used to:
  • each of the preset number of synchronization words is cross-correlated with the data frame to be transmitted inserted into the preset number of synchronization words.
  • the processor is configured to: perform each mutual synchronization word in the preset number of synchronization words with the data frame to be sent inserted into the preset number of synchronization words. After correlation, it is also used to:
  • the data frame to be sent is inserted by the transmitter and inserted into the preset number of synchronization words; each synchronization word in the preset number of synchronization words is inserted into the preset number of synchronization words.
  • the data frames to be sent are made to be cross-correlated. Can guarantee that at least one correlation peak can be detected So, it is possible to confirm the position of at least one synchronization word, thereby determining the frame positioning information of the data, and reducing the frame loss rate.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种同步字检测方法、装置、发送器及接收器，发送器在待发送的数据帧中插入的同步字后，将插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。由于插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数，且插入的预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同，接收器接收到待发送的数据帧后，将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关，能够保证至少有一个相关峰能够被检测到，从而能够确认至少一个同步字的位置，进而确定数据的帧定位信息，减少丢帧率。

Description

一种同步字检测方法、装置、发送器和接收器 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，更具体的说，涉及一种同步字检测方法、装置、发送器和接收器。
背景技术
数据传输是按照一定的数据帧格式来发送和接收数据。数据传输距离较长时，为了节省连线资源，不会使用单独的连线从发送器将数据的帧定位信息传输到接收器，常采用的方法是在发送数据中每隔一段时间插入同步字，接收器接收到数据后，通过同步字检测的方法来确定数据的帧定位信息。
同步字检测是指接收器识别发送器发送的数据，从中提取出同步字信息，从而确定数据的帧定位信息，即数据帧的起始位置和结束位置，进而完成整个数据的定位过程。
现有技术中，通常在发送数据中插入单同步字，在同步字检测的过程中，会出现一个相关峰，但是该相关峰容易受到干扰而无法被检测到，从而导致丢帧率较高。
因此，亟需一种能够在数据传输过程中减少丢帧率的方法。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种同步字检测方法、装置、发送器及接收器，以解决在数据传输过程中丢帧率较高的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种同步字检测方法，应用于发送器，包括：
在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字；其中，插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数；所述预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序 不同；
将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。
优选地，将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器后，还包括：
接收由所述接收器发送的握手信号；
根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置，所述预设规则为所述预设个数的同步字在下一数据帧中的位置不包括至少一个在所述接收器未被检测到、所述预设个数的同步字在待发送的数据帧中的同步字的位置；所述下一数据帧为排列在所述待发送的数据帧后面的距离最小的一个数据帧；
将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧发送至所述接收器。
优选地，所述预设个数的同步字的位置在所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中均匀分布；
或所述预设个数的同步字的位置在所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中不均匀分布。
优选地，所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的两倍。
优选地，所述预设个数包括三个。
一种同步字检测方法，应用于接收器，包括：
接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；
将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。
优选地，所述将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关后，还包括：
判断所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中是否有至少两个同步字未被检测到；
当判断出所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中有至少两个同步字未被检测到，发送握手信号到所述发送器；
接收由所述发送器发送的、将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧。
一种同步字检测装置，应用于发送器，包括：
插入单元，用于在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字；其中，插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数；所述预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同；
发送单元，用于将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。
优选地，还包括：
握手信号接收单元，用于所述发送单元将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器后，接收由所述接收器发送的握手信号；
调整单元，用于根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置，所述预设规则为所述预设个数的同步字在下一数据帧中的位置不包括至少一个在所述接收器未被检测到、所述预设个数的同步字在待发送的数据帧中的同步字的位置；所述下一数据帧为排列在所述待发送的数据帧后面的距离最小的一个数据帧；
所述发送单元，还用于将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧发送至所述接收器。
一种同步字检测装置，应用于接收器，包括：
接收单元，用于接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；
互相关单元，用于将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。
优选地，还包括：
判断单元，用于所述互相关单元将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关后，判断所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中是否有至少两个同步 字未被检测到；
握手信号发送单元，用于当所述判断单元判断出所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中有至少两个同步字未被检测到，发送握手信号到所述发送器；
所述接收单元，还用于接收由所述发送器发送的、将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧。
一种发送器，包括：存储器和处理器；
其中，所述存储器用于存储程序；
处理器用于调用程序，其中，所述程序用于：
在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字；其中，插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数；所述预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同；
将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。
优选地，所述处理器用于将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器后，还用于：
接收由所述接收器发送的握手信号；
根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置，所述预设规则为所述预设个数的同步字在下一数据帧中的位置不包括至少一个在所述接收器未被检测到、所述预设个数的同步字在待发送的数据帧中的同步字的位置；所述下一数据帧为排列在所述待发送的数据帧后面的距离最小的一个数据帧；
将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧发送至所述接收器。
一种接收器，包括：
存储器和处理器；
其中，所述存储器用于存储程序；
处理器用于调用程序，其中，所述程序用于：
接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；
将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。
优选地，所述处理器用于将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关后，还用于：
判断所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中是否有至少两个同步字未被检测到；
当判断出所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中有至少两个同步字未被检测到，发送握手信号到所述发送器；
接收由所述发送器发送的、将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧。
相较于现有技术，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明提供了一种同步字检测方法、发送器及接收器，发送器在待发送的数据帧中插入的同步字后，将插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。由于插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数，且插入的预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同，接收器接收到待发送的数据帧后，将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关，能够保证至少有一个相关峰能够被检测到，从而能够确认至少一个同步字的位置，进而确定数据的帧定位信息，减少丢帧率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的应用于发送器的一种同步字检测方法；
图2a为第一种数据帧结构；
图2b为第二种数据帧结构；
图2c为第三种数据帧结构；
图2d为第四种数据帧结构；
图2e为第五种数据帧结构；
图2f为第六种数据帧结构；
图2g为第七种数据帧结构；
图2h为第八种数据帧结构；
图2i为第九种数据帧结构；
图2j为第十种数据帧结构；
图3a为第一种衰落结果图；
图3b为第二种衰落结果图；
图3c为第三种衰落结果图；
图3d为第四种衰落结果图；
图3e为第五种衰落结果图；
图4为本发明提供的应用于发送器的另一种同步字检测方法；
图5a为采用图2a至图2j中的数据帧结构的同步字检测结果对比图；
图5b为采用自适应调整方案的一种同步字检测结果对比图；
图5c为采用自适应调整方案的另一种同步字检测结果对比图；
图6为本发明提供的应用于接收器的一种同步字检测方法；
图7为本发明提供的应用于接收器的另一种同步字检测方法；
图8为本发明提供的应用于发送器的一种同步字检测装置；
图9为本发明提供的应用于发送器的另一种同步字检测装置；
图10为本发明提供的应用于接收器的一种同步字检测装置；
图11为本发明提供的应用于接收器的另一种同步字检测装置；
图12a为插入双同步字的数据帧的结构示意图；
图12b为插入加长双同步字的数据帧的结构示意图；
图12c为插入三同步字的数据帧的结构示意图；
图12d为插入加长三同步字的数据帧的结构示意图；
图13为使用不同方法校验同步字的结果对比图；
图14为一种插入不同种类的同步字的结果对比图；
图15为另一种插入不同种类的同步字的结果对比图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种同步字检测方法，应用于发送器，其中，发送器是指发送数据的一端，发送器将数据以数据帧的形式发送。
参照图1，同步字检测方法包括：
S101、在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字；
预设个数的同步字是数据发送器和数据接收器协商确定的。优选的，预设个数为三个，此外，预设个数还可以是两个、四个、五个或者多个等。
将预设个数优选设置为三个，是由于设置三个同步字，相比于设置两个同步字，更容易检测到同步字，相比于设置四个、五个或者多个同步字，是由于设置四个以上的同步字后，每个同步字的峰值会较小，不容易检测到。
其中，插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数；具体的，信息位长度是同步字长度的两倍。
预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同，其中，将预设个数的同步字设置成符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同，是为了保证同步字是各不相同的。
需要说明的是，预设个数的同步字的位置在插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中均匀分布；
或预设个数的同步字的位置在插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中不均匀分布。
为了能够使本领域的技术人员更加清楚明白的了解预设个数的同步字 在插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的位置，现结合图2a至图2j进行说明，其中，信息位包含需要输出的数据，保护位是用来保护数据安全的数据，保护位中包含冗余位。需要说明的是，本实施例中，以三个同步字为例进行说明。
图2a中三个同步字在插入三个同步字的待发送的数据帧中均匀分布，每两个同步字之间有两个信息位，图2b中是将图2a中的第一个同步字向左移动一段距离的情况，图2c中是将图2a中的第一个同步字向右移动一段距离的情况，图2d是将图2a中的第二个同步字向左移动一段距离的情况，图2e是将图2a中的第二个同步字向右移动一段距离的情况，图2f是将图2a中的第三个同步字向左移动一段距离的情况，图2g是将图2a中的第三个同步字向右移动一段距离的情况。其中，图2b至图2g中的移动的同步字的移动距离为信息位数据总长度的1/6。
图2h至图2j中的三个同步字的分布相对集中，图2h中的三个同步字分布在信息位的首端，图2i中的三个同步字分布在信息位的中间，图2j中的三个同步字分布在信息位的末尾。
S102、将插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。
以图2a中的三个同步字的位置方案为例，参照图3a至图3e，图3a至图3e描述了接收器将三个同步字中的每个同步字，与插入三个同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关之后，同步字的衰落情况。
其中，衰落的定义为：
移动通信系统多建于大中城市的市区，城市中的高楼林立、楼房疏密不同且形状各异，导致信号传输特性变化十分剧烈，使移动台接收到的电波一般是直射波和随时变化的反射波、散射波的叠加，这种现象叫做衰落。
无线传播信道中许多因素都会影响衰落，主要有：
(1)多径传播：信道中散射、反射物的存在使得发射信号经过不同路径到达接收天线；
(2)移动台的速度：基站和移动台之间的相对运动会使每个多径分量产生不同的多普勒频移；
(3)周围物体的速度；
(4)信号的发射带宽。
我们在仿真中使用瑞利衰落模型来模拟真实环境，瑞丽衰落信道(Rayleigh fading channel)是一种无线电信号传播环境的统计模型。适用于描述建筑物密集的城镇中心地带的无线信道。密集的建筑和其他物体使得无线设备的发射机和接收机之间没有直射路径，而且使得无线信号被衰减、反射、折射和衍射。
本实施例中，假设瑞丽衰落信道的噪声衰落周期为信息位长度的一倍，参照图3a和图3b。图3a中，阴影部分为同步字的位置，波浪线的下凹位置为衰落位置，从图中可以看出，第一个同步字和第三个同步字处于波浪线的凸起位置，表示避开了衰落，第二个同步字处于波浪线的下凹位置，表示被衰落，图3b中，第一个同步字和第三个同步字被衰落，第二个同步字避开了衰落。
假设瑞丽衰落信道的噪声衰落周期为信息位长度的两倍，参照图3c和图3d，图3c中，第一个同步字和第二个同步字避开了衰落，第三个同步字被衰落，图3d中，第一个同步字被衰落，第二个同步字和第三个同步字避开了衰落。
从图3a至图3d中可以看出，当瑞丽衰落信道的噪声衰落周期为信息位长度的一倍或者两倍时，均能保证接收器至少检测到一个同步字，从而能够确定数据的帧定位信息，减少丢帧率。当瑞丽衰落信道的噪声衰落周期不为信息位长度的整数倍时，仍以图2a中的三个同步字的位置方案为例，设同步字长度N，信息位长度2N，假设噪声衰落周期为信息位2(N-a)，衰落出现在位置2N-2a、4N-4a、6N-6a…或N-a、3N-2a、5N-5a…
如果a很小，可忽略，结果与衰落周期为N时一致；反之假设a＝N/4，衰落出现在位置2N-N/2、3N、6N-3N/2…或N-N/4、3N-N/2、4N…，也可以避免3个同步字全部出现在衰落位置；对于上述情况，即使某个同步字处于衰落位置，但也不是整个长度的同步字都落在衰落位置上，如图3e所示。图3e中，第一个同步字、第二个同步字和第三个同步字的部分长度处于衰落位置，由于不是整个同步字处于衰落位置，因此也会被接收器检测到。
本实施例提供了一种同步字检测方法，发送器在待发送的数据帧中插 入预设个数的同步字后，将插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。由于插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数，且插入的预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同，能够保证至少有一个同步字能够被检测到，从而能够确认至少一个同步字的位置，进而确定数据的帧定位信息，减少丢帧率。
可选的，本发明的另一实施例中，参照图4，将插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器后，还包括：
S403、接收由接收器发送的握手信号；
当待发送的数据帧发送到接收器后，接收器会将预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关，当检测到待发送的数据帧中有两个或者两个以上的同步字未被检测到后，接收由接收器发送的握手信号。
S404、根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置；
其中，预设规则为预设个数的同步字在下一数据帧中的位置不包括至少一个在接收器未被检测到、预设个数的同步字在待发送的数据帧中的同步字的位置；下一数据帧为排列在待发送的数据帧后面的距离最小的一个数据帧。
调整下一数据帧中插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置是为了保证接收器接收到的数据帧中的至少两个同步字可以被接收器检测到。
需要说明的是，调整下一数据帧中插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置，属于自适应调整。
为了本领域的技术人员更加清楚明白的了解预设规则，现结合图5a至图5c进行解释说明。
本实施例中仿真使用的工具为矩阵实验室matlab2012b，调制方式为频移键控4FSK调制。建模中使用了高斯噪声信道模型以及瑞利噪声+高斯噪声信道模型,高斯信道的信噪比变化范围为-20dB～0dB；瑞利信道取城市环 境模型，即多普勒频移为20Hz，多径时延为[05e-6]，多径增益为[0-22.3]。仿真中数据量为288×5e3bit。仿真做丢帧率统计时均采用检1帧虚2帧的处理。
图5a中data1至data10曲线分别表示图2a至图2j中三个同步字位置分布方案情况下同步字的检测结果，其中，data1曲线与图2a对应，data2曲线与图2b对应，以此类推，data10曲线与图2j对应，图5a中横坐标SNR代表信噪比，纵坐标代表丢帧率。
由图5a可以看出，相同条件下，三个同步字的位置分布方案采用图2a、图2b、图2d和图2e中的三个同步字的位置分布方案，检测效果最佳。采用图2a中的三个同步字的位置分布方案时，在误码率低于8.9％时，可以做到无丢帧，采用图2b中的三个同步字的位置分布方案时，在误码率低于10.9％时，可以做到无丢帧。本实施例中，当需要调整同步字的位置时，在满足预设规则的条件下，优先在图2a、图2b、图2d和图2e这四种位置分布方案中选择，当图2a、图2b、图2d和图2e均不满足条件时，在图2c、图2f、图2g、图2h、图2i和图2j中选择一种符合预设规则的方案。
当需要调整同步字的位置时，在满足预设规则的条件下，自适应调整方案与采用图2a、图2b、图2d和图2e这四种方案作比较时，参照图5b和图5c。
图5b是在瑞利信道条件一定(fd＝20Hz)时，改变高斯信道信噪比时，三同步字位置调整前、后结果对比。其中，横坐标SNR代表信噪比，纵坐标代表丢帧率，方案1曲线为采用图2a中的方案后的同步字的检测结果，方案2曲线为采用图2b中的方案后的同步字的检测结果，方案4曲线为采用图2d中的方案后的同步字的检测结果，方案5曲线为采用图2e中的方案后的同步字的检测结果，自适应曲线为当需要调整同步字的位置时，根据预设规则进行调整后的同步字的检测结果，从图5b中可以看出，自适应位置调整方案能够减小丢帧率。
图5c是高斯信道条件一定(SNR＝-18dB)时，改变瑞利信道多普勒频移时，三同步字位置调整前、后结果对比。其中，横坐标代表多普勒频移，纵坐标代表丢帧率，方案1曲线为采用图2a中的方案后的同步字的检测结果，方 案2曲线为采用图2b中的方案后的同步字的检测结果，方案4曲线为采用图2d中的方案后的同步字的检测结果，方案5曲线为采用图2e中的方案后的同步字的检测结果，自适应曲线为当需要调整同步字的位置时，根据预设规则进行调整后的同步字的检测结果，从图5c中可以看出，自适应位置调整方案能够减小丢帧率。
S404、将插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧发送至接收器。
本实施例中，根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置，能够保证接收器接收到的数据帧中的至少一个同步字可以被接收器检测到，进而能够保证至少有一个相关峰能够被检测到，从而能够确认至少一个同步字的位置，进而确定数据的帧定位信息，减少丢帧率。
本发明的另一实施例中提供了一种同步字检测方法，应用于接收器，参照图6，包括：
S601、接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；
S602、将预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。
具体的，相关检测方法能从噪声中或从其他无关信号中找出同一信号两部分之间或两信号之间的相互关系，以判定它们的相似性，进而对信号特征进行检测与提取。对于有N个样本点的短时互相关函数的表达式为：
Figure PCTCN2017086053-appb-000001
其中，N为时域待处理信号的采样样本序列的长度，n为延时长度，k为时域样本序号，x指输入信号序列，y指信道函数，R指接收信号序列。
由于数据结构预先已知，根据上述公式，以同步字作为匹配滤波器，分别计算在不同的延迟时刻接收信号与同步字对应求和的相关值。当该相关值最大时，并且同时大于某一门限时，则认为该时刻为数据帧中同步字的结束位置。
本实施例中，接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的 数据帧；将预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。能够保证至少有一个相关峰能够被检测到，从而能够确认至少一个同步字的位置，进而确定数据的帧定位信息，减少丢帧率。
可选的，本发明的另一实施例中，参照图7，将预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关后，还包括：
S703、判断插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中是否有至少两个同步字未被检测到；当判断出插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中有至少两个同步字未被检测到，执行S704。
S704、发送握手信号到发送器；
S705、接收由发送器发送的、将插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧。
本实施例中，采用互相关的方法检测同步字后，发现有至少两个同步字被未检测到后，发送握手信号到接收器，使接收器将插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置做调整，保证至少一个同步字在接收器能够被检测到，从而能够减少丢帧率。
本发明的另一实施例中提供了一种同步字检测装置，应用于发送器，参照图8，包括：
插入单元101，用于在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字；
其中，插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数；预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同；
发送单元102，用于将插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。
本实施例中，插入单元101在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字后，发送单元102将插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。能够保证至少一个同步字在接收器能够被检测到，从而能够减少丢帧率。
需要说明的是，本实施例中的各个单元的工作过程，请参照图1对应的实施例中的内容，在此不再赘述。
可选的，本发明的另一实施例中，参照图9，还包括：
握手信号接收单元103，用于所述发送单元102将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器后，接收由接收器发送的握手信号；
调整单元104，用于根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置；
预设规则为预设个数的同步字在下一数据帧中的位置不包括至少一个在接收器未被检测到、预设个数的同步字在待发送的数据帧中的同步字的位置；下一数据帧为排列在待发送的数据帧后面的距离最小的一个数据帧；
发送单元102，还用于将插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧发送至接收器。
本实施例中，在接收器，当有至少两个同步字未被检测到后，握手信号接收单元103接收由接收器发送的握手信号，调整单元104根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置，发送单元102将插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧发送至接收器，能够保证在接收器有一个同步字可以被检测到，减少丢帧率。
需要说明的是，本实施例中的各个单元的工作过程，请参照图4对应的实施例中的内容，在此不再赘述。
本发明的另一实施例中提供了一种同步字检测装置，应用于接收器，参照图10，包括：
接收单元105，用于接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；
互相关单元106，用于将预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。
本实施例中，接收单元105接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；互相关单元106将预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字， 与插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关，能够保证在接接收器检测同步字时，有同步字能够被检测到，减少丢帧率。
需要说明的是，本实施例中的各个单元的工作过程，请参照图6对应的实施例中的内容，在此不再赘述。
可选的，本发明的另一实施例中，参照图11，还包括：
判断单元107，用于判断插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中是否有至少两个同步字未被检测到；
握手信号发送单元108，用于当判断单元107判断出插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中有至少两个同步字未被检测到，发送握手信号到发送器；
接收单元105，还用于接收由发送器发送的、将插入的预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧。
本实施例中，判断单元107判断插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中是否有至少两个同步字未被检测到后，握手信号发送单元108发送握手信号到发送器，能够使发送器及时调整同步字的位置，保证接收器能够检测到同步字，从而减少丢帧率。
需要说明的是，本实施例中的各个单元的工作过程，请参照图7对应的实施例中的内容，在此不再赘述。
为了本领域的技术人员清楚明白的了解本发明带来的技术效果，现以插入单同步字、双同步、加长双同步字、三同步字和加长三同步字为例进行说明。
其中，插入双同步字、加长双同步字、三同步字和加长三同步字的数据帧的结构参照图12a至12d。图12a至12d中没有将冗余位放置在保护位内，而是直接放置在数据帧中。
图12a为插入双同步字的数据帧的结构示意图，数据帧为288bit，每个同步字均为24bit，保护位为24bit，冗余位为10bit，此时每帧可传196bit信息位，其中，信息位分为50bit和96bit。
图12b为插入加长双同步字的数据帧的结构示意图，数据帧为288bit，每个同步字均为48bit，保护位为24bit，冗余位为10bit，此时每帧可传148bit 信息位，其中，信息位分为38bit和72bit。
图12c为插入三同步字的数据帧的结构示意图，数据帧为288bit，每个同步字均为16bit，保护位为24bit，冗余位为10bit，此时每帧可传196bit信息位，其中，信息位分为34bit和64bit。
图12d为插入加长三同步字的数据帧的结构示意图，数据帧为288bit，每个同步字均为24bit，保护位为24bit，冗余位为10bit，此时每帧可传172bit信息位，其中，信息位分为28bit和58bit。
在找到同步字位置以后，需要将检到的同步字与原同步字进行比较，看错误比特数是否满足要求。校验同步字的方法有两种：方法1：用检测到的(正、反)同步字直接与原(正、反)同步字比较，查看错误比特数；方法2：根据检测到的同步字位置，推算出其它同步字的位置，反同步字做一次反转，各同步字乘以适当的系数再求和，求和结果与原正同步字比较，查看错误比特数。以加长双同步字检测为例，两种校验同步字方法的结果参照图13。
图13中方法1曲线为采用方法1得到的检测结果，方法2曲线为采用方法2得到的检测结果，横坐标代表信噪比，纵坐标代表丢帧率。由图13可以看出，相同信噪比条件下，方法1比方法2的丢帧率低，检测效果更好。这是由于多同步字处于码组的不同位置，受到的信道干扰程度各不相同。做求和运算时，受弱干扰的同步字迭代了受强干扰同步字的影响，使畸变更加严重，影响检测效果。
此后，采用方法1对插入单同步字、双同步、加长双同步字、三同步字和加长三同步字的检测结果进行分析，参照图14，其中，图14采用的是高斯信道，横坐标代表信噪比，纵坐标代表丢帧率，宽条件指相关峰峰值门限为0.7，同步字错误门限为10％；严条件指相关峰峰值门限为0.5，同步字错误门限为20％。
由图14可以看出，在高斯信道模型中，仿真结果的每种方案在宽条件下的丢帧率都低于该方案在严条件下的丢帧率。比较不同方案的仿真结果，当同步字总比特数一定时，双同步字检测的效果优于单同步字检测，三同步字检测的效果最佳。在严条件下，加长双同步字检测效果和加长三同步 字检测效果没有提升；宽条件下效果有明显改善。严条件下的丢帧率排序为：三同步字≈加长三同步字<双同步字<加长双同步字<单同步字。采用三同步字检测方案，当误码率低于8.2％时，可以做到无丢帧。
在实际的无线通信中还需要考虑信号自身的衰落，在仿真中用瑞利噪声模拟该过程。接下来研究信道为瑞利噪声+高斯噪声的信道模型时，多同步字检测的效果，参照图15。
由图15可以看出，瑞利噪声+高斯白噪声的信道模型中，仿真结果的每种方案在宽条件下的丢帧率都低于该方案在严条件下的丢帧率。比较不同方案的仿真结果，当同步字总比特数一定时，双同步字检测的效果优于单同步字检测，三同步字检测的效果最佳；加长双同步字检测效果比双同步字检测差，加长三同步字的检测效果比三同步字检测差。严条件下的丢帧率排序为：三同步字<加长三同步字<双同步字<加长双同步字<单同步字。采用三同步字严条件检测方案，在误码率低于10.9％时，可以做到无丢帧；采用三同步字宽条件检测方案，在误码率低于12.6％时，可以做到无丢帧。
可选的，本发明的另一实施例中，提供了一种发送器，包括：存储器和处理器；
其中，所述存储器用于存储程序；
处理器用于调用程序，其中，所述程序用于：
在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字；其中，插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数；所述预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同；
将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。
在上述实施例的基础上，所述处理器用于将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器后，还用于：
接收由所述接收器发送的握手信号；
根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置，所述预设规则为所述预设个数的同步字在下一数据帧中的位置不包括至少一个在所述接收器未被检测到、所述预设个数的同 步字在待发送的数据帧中的同步字的位置；所述下一数据帧为排列在所述待发送的数据帧后面的距离最小的一个数据帧；
将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧发送至所述接收器。
本实施例中，发送器在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字后，将插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。由于插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数，且插入的预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同，能够保证至少有一个同步字能够被检测到，从而能够确认至少一个同步字的位置，进而确定数据的帧定位信息，减少丢帧率。
可选的，本发明的另一实施例中提供了一种接收器，包括：
存储器和处理器；
其中，所述存储器用于存储程序；
处理器用于调用程序，其中，所述程序用于：
接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；
将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。
在上述实施例的基础上，所述处理器用于将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关后，还用于：
判断所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中是否有至少两个同步字未被检测到；
当判断出所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中有至少两个同步字未被检测到，发送握手信号到所述发送器；
接收由所述发送器发送的、将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧。
本实施例中，接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；将预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。能够保证至少有一个相关峰能够被检测 到，从而能够确认至少一个同步字的位置，进而确定数据的帧定位信息，减少丢帧率。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种同步字检测方法，应用于发送器，其特征在于，包括：
    在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字；其中，插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数；所述预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同；
    将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的同步字检测方法，其特征在于，将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器后，还包括：
    接收由所述接收器发送的握手信号；
    根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置，所述预设规则为所述预设个数的同步字在下一数据帧中的位置不包括至少一个在所述接收器未被检测到、所述预设个数的同步字在待发送的数据帧中的同步字的位置；所述下一数据帧为排列在所述待发送的数据帧后面的距离最小的一个数据帧；
    将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧发送至所述接收器。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的同步字检测方法，其特征在于，所述预设个数的同步字的位置在所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中均匀分布；
    或所述预设个数的同步字的位置在所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中不均匀分布。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的同步字检测方法，其特征在于，所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的两倍。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的同步字检测方法，其特征在于，所述预设个数包括三个。
  6. 一种同步字检测方法，应用于接收器，其特征在于，包括：
    接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；
    将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的同步字检测方法，其特征在于，所述将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关后，还包括：
    判断所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中是否有至少两个同步字未被检测到；
    当判断出所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中有至少两个同步字未被检测到，发送握手信号到所述发送器；
    接收由所述发送器发送的、将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧。
  8. 一种同步字检测装置，应用于发送器，其特征在于，包括：
    插入单元，用于在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字；其中，插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数；所述预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同；
    发送单元，用于将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的同步字检测装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    握手信号接收单元，用于所述发送单元将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器后，接收由所述接收器发送的握手信号；
    调整单元，用于根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置，所述预设规则为所述预设个数的同步字在下一数据帧中的位置不包括至少一个在所述接收器未被检测到、所述预设个数的同步字在待发送的数据帧中的同步字的位置；所述下一数据帧为排列在所述待发送的数据帧后面的距离最小的一个数据帧；
    所述发送单元，还用于将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同 步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧发送至所述接收器。
  10. 一种同步字检测装置，应用于接收器，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；
    互相关单元，用于将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的同步字检测装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    判断单元，用于所述互相关单元将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关后，判断所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中是否有至少两个同步字未被检测到；
    握手信号发送单元，用于当所述判断单元判断出所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中有至少两个同步字未被检测到，发送握手信号到所述发送器；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收由所述发送器发送的、将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧。
  12. 一种发送器，其特征在于，包括：存储器和处理器；
    其中，所述存储器用于存储程序；
    处理器用于调用程序，其中，所述程序用于：
    在待发送的数据帧中插入预设个数的同步字；其中，插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中的信息位长度是同步字长度的指定倍数；所述预设个数的同步字的符号组成不同或符号组成相同但符号的排列顺序不同；
    将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的发送器，其特征在于，所述处理器用于将所述插入所述预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧发送至接收器后，还用于：
    接收由所述接收器发送的握手信号；
    根据预设规则，调整下一数据帧中插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至 少一个同步字的位置，所述预设规则为所述预设个数的同步字在下一数据帧中的位置不包括至少一个在所述接收器未被检测到、所述预设个数的同步字在待发送的数据帧中的同步字的位置；所述下一数据帧为排列在所述待发送的数据帧后面的距离最小的一个数据帧；
    将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧发送至所述接收器。
  14. 一种接收器，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器和处理器；
    其中，所述存储器用于存储程序；
    处理器用于调用程序，其中，所述程序用于：
    接收由发送器发送的插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧；
    将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的接收器，其特征在于，所述处理器用于将所述预设个数的同步字中的每个同步字，与所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧做一次互相关后，还用于：
    判断所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中是否有至少两个同步字未被检测到；
    当判断出所述插入预设个数的同步字的待发送的数据帧中有至少两个同步字未被检测到，发送握手信号到所述发送器；
    接收由所述发送器发送的、将插入的所述预设个数的同步字中至少一个同步字的位置调整后的下一数据帧。
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