WO2018214015A1 - 一种航向修正方法、设备及飞行器 - Google Patents

一种航向修正方法、设备及飞行器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018214015A1
WO2018214015A1 PCT/CN2017/085465 CN2017085465W WO2018214015A1 WO 2018214015 A1 WO2018214015 A1 WO 2018214015A1 CN 2017085465 W CN2017085465 W CN 2017085465W WO 2018214015 A1 WO2018214015 A1 WO 2018214015A1
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Prior art keywords
acceleration data
rotation angle
speed
aircraft
current time
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PCT/CN2017/085465
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汪康
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深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to CN201780005144.8A priority Critical patent/CN108521806B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/085465 priority patent/WO2018214015A1/zh
Publication of WO2018214015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018214015A1/zh
Priority to US16/690,111 priority patent/US20200089259A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/10Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
    • G05D1/101Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions specially adapted for aircraft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C39/00Aircraft not otherwise provided for
    • B64C39/02Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U20/00Constructional aspects of UAVs
    • B64U20/80Arrangement of on-board electronics, e.g. avionics systems or wiring
    • B64U20/87Mounting of imaging devices, e.g. mounting of gimbals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/08Control of attitude, i.e. control of roll, pitch, or yaw
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/10Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2201/00UAVs characterised by their flight controls
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2201/00UAVs characterised by their flight controls
    • B64U2201/10UAVs characterised by their flight controls autonomous, i.e. by navigating independently from ground or air stations, e.g. by using inertial navigation systems [INS]

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of control technologies, and in particular, to a heading correction method, device, and aircraft.
  • the UAV receives the heading control command sent by the control terminal, and the UAV maintains the current position according to the received heading control command, and changes the UAV.
  • the heading that is, controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out the heading movement.
  • the output data may be deviated due to the installation error of the sensor (for example, an accelerometer), and there may be a situation in which the unmanned aircraft has a speed in the horizontal direction. .
  • the sensor for example, an accelerometer
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device and an aircraft for correcting the heading, so as to effectively improve the performance of the unmanned aerial vehicle to maintain the heading and not only change the heading.
  • An aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a heading correction method, including:
  • the flying speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction is controlled according to the corrected acceleration data such that the flying speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the next moment is smaller than the flying speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the current moment.
  • a heading correction device including: a speed sensor, an accelerometer, and a processor;
  • the speed sensor is configured to acquire a flight speed of the aircraft in a horizontal direction at a current moment during a heading movement of the aircraft;
  • the accelerometer is configured to acquire acceleration data of the aircraft during a course motion of the aircraft;
  • the processor is configured to correct the acceleration data according to a flight speed of the current time to obtain corrected acceleration data; and perform a flight speed of the aircraft in a horizontal direction according to the corrected acceleration data.
  • the control is such that the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the next moment is less than the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the current time.
  • a power system mounted to the fuselage for providing flight power
  • the heading correction method, device and aircraft acquire the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction and the acceleration data of the aircraft at the current time during the course of the aircraft's heading movement, and according to the flight speed of the current time, the aircraft The acceleration is corrected to obtain the corrected acceleration data, and the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction is controlled according to the corrected acceleration data, so that the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction is lower than the current time at the current time.
  • Direction of flight speed Through the above-mentioned heading correction process, when the aircraft performs the heading motion, the speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction can be effectively reduced, that is, the radius of the flying around the aircraft at a certain point is reduced, and the unmanned aerial vehicle is kept in place. Turn the heading performance to increase the flexibility and safety of the aircraft in industrial applications.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flight path of an unmanned aerial vehicle F rotating around point A according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a heading correction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a body coordinate system OXYZ according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a heading correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a heading correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a heading correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6A is a schematic diagram of rotationally transforming acceleration data with an axis of acceleration as an axis according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 6B is a schematic diagram of rotationally transforming acceleration data of a rotation change with an X axis of an acceleration as an axis according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a heading correction device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a heading correction device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a component when referred to as being "fixed” to another component, it can be directly on the other component or the component can be present. When a component is considered to "connect” another component, it can be directly connected to another component or possibly a central component.
  • the user passes the control terminal
  • the heading button and the heading rod issue a heading control command to the aircraft to enable the aircraft to adjust the heading of the aircraft while maintaining the current position.
  • the UAV aircraft upon receiving the heading control command sent by the control terminal, the UAV aircraft reverses the heading according to the control command, that is, during the heading movement of the UAV aircraft, the UAV currently maintains itself.
  • the position is the same, only the heading movement is carried out, the position of the position does not change, and the speed in the horizontal direction should be zero. In other words, the UAV does not have a speed in the horizontal direction.
  • the data output by the sensor is deviated, and the processor of the UAV controls the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the output data with deviation, thereby causing the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform the heading motion.
  • the speed in the horizontal direction is not zero, that is, as shown in Fig. 1, the UAV F surrounds the aircraft with a small radius centered on the A position point, showing the phenomenon of in-situ circle.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses a technical solution for heading correction.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a heading correction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method for heading correction provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2, so as to effectively improve the performance of the UAV to maintain the in-situ motion only to adjust the heading.
  • the method in this embodiment may include:
  • Step S201 Acquire a flight speed of the aircraft in a horizontal direction at a current moment during a course motion of the aircraft.
  • the execution body of the step S201 may be a speed sensor having a flight speed of observing the aircraft in a horizontal direction; wherein the speed sensor is any sensor that can observe the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction, such as vision.
  • Sensors monocular vision sensing system, binocular stereo vision sensing system, TOF camera, radar, laser radar, GPS, etc., are not specifically limited herein.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the body coordinate system.
  • the XOY plane of the aircraft body coordinates is parallel to the water plane, and the horizontal speed includes the X-axis direction of the body coordinate system. Flight speed and flight speed in the X-axis direction.
  • Step S202 Acquire acceleration data of the aircraft during a course motion of the aircraft.
  • the execution body of the step S202 is an accelerometer, wherein the accelerometer in the embodiment of the invention is any sensor that can sense the acceleration.
  • the accelerometer can be a single-axis accelerometer, a two-axis accelerometer, or a three-axis accelerometer.
  • an inertial measurement unit IMU
  • the accelerometer and the gyroscope are often integrated into one module, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), which is fixedly mounted inside the fuselage of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • IMU inertial measurement unit
  • step S201 there is no sequential execution sequence between step S201 and step S202, and the speed and acceleration are respectively acquired during the operation of the aircraft.
  • Step S203 Correct the acceleration data according to the flight speed of the current time to obtain the corrected acceleration data.
  • the execution body of the step S203 is a processor.
  • the processor may be a flight control system of an unmanned aerial vehicle, or may be another dedicated or general-purpose processor with data processing capability, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • the installation state of the accelerometer is the ideal installation state, that is, the accelerometer does not have any installation error
  • the XOY plane formed by the X-axis and the Y-axis of the acceleration is parallel to the horizontal plane
  • the coordinate system of the accelerometer should be the same as the body coordinate system of the UAV. It is exactly the same.
  • the accelerometer output acceleration data should be 0, that is, the acceleration of the output in the three axes of the accelerometer (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis). The data should all be 0.
  • the acceleration data of the output of the accelerometer in the three-axis (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis) directions is not all zero, and the acceleration data output by the accelerometer has an error. Since the acceleration speed output by the accelerometer is an important parameter for controlling the speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle, as described above, there is an error in the acceleration data output by the accelerometer. Therefore, the acceleration output data of the accelerometer needs to be corrected to obtain a correction. After the acceleration data.
  • the execution body of the step S204 is the processor as described above. Based on the above description, after the corrected acceleration data is obtained by the processor, the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction can be controlled according to the corrected acceleration data, and the corrected acceleration data is reduced relative to the acceleration data before the correction.
  • the error of the acceleration data is such that the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the next moment is smaller than the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the current time. In this way, the speed of the UAV in the horizontal direction can be effectively reduced.
  • control terminal involved in the foregoing may be a remote controller, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a ground control station, a laptop computer, a wearable device (watch, a wristband), and the like, and combinations thereof.
  • the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction and the acceleration data of the aircraft are obtained at the current time, and the acceleration of the aircraft is corrected according to the flight speed of the current time to obtain the corrected acceleration.
  • Data and based on the corrected acceleration data for the aircraft The flight speed in the horizontal direction is controlled such that the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the next moment is smaller than the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the current time.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a heading correction method. Based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a heading correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention. The method in this embodiment includes:
  • the user sends a heading control command to the unmanned aerial vehicle through the control terminal.
  • the control terminal sends a heading control command to the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the unmanned aerial vehicle receives the After the route control command, the heading is reversed according to the control command, that is, the heading motion is performed according to the heading control command.
  • S402 Acquire a flight speed of the aircraft in a horizontal direction at a current moment during a course motion of the aircraft.
  • step S402 the execution subject and the execution principle of the step S402 are the same as the step S201 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S201 the execution subject and the execution principle of the step S402 are the same as the step S201 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S201 the execution subject and the execution principle of the step S402 are the same as the step S201 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction includes the speed of the aircraft in the X-axis direction in the body coordinate system, and the Y-axis. The speed of the direction.
  • the execution body and the execution principle of the step S403 are the same as the step S202 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the processor may compare the flight speed with a preset speed threshold to determine whether the flight speed is within a preset range, specifically .
  • a preset speed threshold that is, the flight speed of the current time is not within the preset range, it means that the flying speed of the UAV in the horizontal direction is large, and when the heading motion is performed, The performance of the human aircraft to maintain its own position is poor, the acceleration data output by the accelerometer needs to be corrected, and the flight speed is controlled according to the corrected acceleration to reduce the flying speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the horizontal direction;
  • the flight speed is less than the preset flight speed threshold, that is, when the flight speed of the current moment is within the preset range, it means that the flying speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the horizontal direction is small, and the unmanned aerial vehicle maintains its own position when performing the heading motion.
  • the constant performance is better, and the acceleration data output by the accelerometer is not required to be corrected.
  • the speed of the X-axis direction and the speed of the Y-axis direction in the body coordinate system of the current time are not within the preset range. Specifically, if the speed in the X-axis direction and the speed in the Y-axis direction in the body coordinate system at the current time are greater than or equal to the preset speed threshold, that is, the speed in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis in the body coordinate system at the current time. The speed of the direction is not within the preset range.
  • the speed in the X-axis direction and the speed in the Y-axis direction at the current time in the body coordinate system are greater than or equal to 3 cm/s, indicating that the flying speed of the UAV in the horizontal direction is large.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle maintains its own position with poor performance, and the flight speed in the horizontal direction needs to be controlled according to the method described above.
  • the preset flight speed threshold that is, the speed in the X-axis direction and the speed in the Y-axis direction in the body coordinate system at the current time
  • the preset range for example, the speed in the X-axis direction and the speed in the Y-axis direction at the current time in the body coordinate system are less than 3 cm/s, indicating that the flying speed of the UAV in the horizontal direction is small, and the heading motion is performed.
  • preset speed threshold is only used for the schematic description. Those skilled in the art may also select other speed thresholds, which are not specifically limited herein.
  • step S405 the execution body and the execution principle of the step S405 are the same as the step S204 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S204 the execution body and the execution principle of the step S405 are the same as the step S204 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a heading correction method. Based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a heading correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention. The method in this embodiment includes:
  • step S501 the execution body and the execution principle of the step S501 are the same as the step S201 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S201 the execution body and the execution principle of the step S501 are the same as the step S201 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S201 the execution body and the execution principle of the step S501 are the same as the step S201 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction includes the speed of the aircraft in the X-axis direction in the body coordinate system, and the Y-axis. The speed of the direction.
  • the execution body and the execution principle of the step S502 are the same as the step S202 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • steps S501-S504 are one operation of controlling the flight speed of the UAV in the horizontal direction according to the corrected acceleration data, at the next moment (when the next moment is reached, this The next moment in time is the current time in steps S501-S504), and steps S501-S504 are repeatedly performed until the speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle output by the speed sensor in the horizontal direction is within the preset range at the next moment.
  • the speed in the X-axis direction and the speed in the Y-axis direction of the aircraft in the body coordinate system are all less than 3 cm/s. In this way, the corrected acceleration data is used to control the speed of the UAV in the horizontal direction.
  • the flight speed of the UAV in the horizontal direction is gradually reduced, and the UAV maintains its position when performing the heading movement.
  • the performance is gradually improved.
  • the flying speed of the UAV in the horizontal direction is less than the preset speed threshold, it is considered that the performance of the unmanned aerial vehicle to maintain its own position during the heading motion has reached the preset requirement.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a heading correction method. Based on the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a heading correction method according to another embodiment of the present invention. The method in this embodiment includes:
  • S601 Acquire a flight speed of the aircraft in a horizontal direction at a current moment during an aerodynamic movement of the aircraft.
  • step S601 the execution subject and the execution principle of the step S601 are the same as the step S201 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S201 the execution subject and the execution principle of the step S601 are the same as the step S201 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction includes the speed of the aircraft in the X-axis direction in the body coordinate system, and the Y-axis. The speed of the direction.
  • step S602 the execution body and the execution principle of the step S602 are the same as the step S202 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S202 the execution body and the execution principle of the step S602 are the same as the step S202 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S202 the execution body and the execution principle of the step S602 are the same as the step S202 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • determining the rotation angle, and performing rotation modification on the acceleration data according to the rotation angle to obtain the corrected acceleration data may be implemented in the following feasible manners:
  • a rotation angle of the current time according to the flight speed of the aircraft at the current time in the horizontal direction, and performing rotation correction on the acceleration data according to the rotation angle to obtain corrected acceleration data.
  • the rotation angle is determined according to the flight speed, and the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the current time includes the flight speed of the X-axis direction of the aircraft in the body coordinate system at the current time and X Flight speed in the direction of the axis.
  • the acceleration data is rotationally corrected with a second rotation angle to obtain corrected acceleration data.
  • the second rotation angle correction amount at the current time is determined according to the speed in the Y-axis direction in the body coordinate system, and the second rotation angle at the current time is determined according to the second rotation angle correction amount and the second rotation angle of the previous moment at the current time.
  • the flight speed V x1 in the X-axis direction at the current time, the flight speed V y1 in the Y-axis direction, and the acceleration data output by the accelerometer are acquired, and the flight speeds V x1 and V y1 at the current time are not in the preset range.
  • the correction amount of the rotation angle is the product of the preset k and the flying speed is only an implementation manner, and those skilled in the art may also determine the correction amount of the rotation angle according to the flight speed in other manners. No specific restrictions are made here.
  • acceleration data is rotated and repaired according to the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle. Positive to get the corrected acceleration data.
  • the acceleration data is rotated and repaired according to the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle. Positive to get the corrected acceleration data.
  • a feasible way is: taking the Y axis of the accelerometer as a rotation axis, rotating the acceleration data according to the first rotation angle to obtain the rotationally transformed acceleration data; using the Y axis of the accelerometer as the rotation axis, The rotationally transformed acceleration data is rotationally transformed according to a second rotation angle to obtain the corrected acceleration data.
  • the acceleration data output by the current time accelerometer is (a x,1 , a y,1 , a z,1 ), the first rotation angle determined at the current time is ⁇ , and the acceleration Y
  • the axis is an axis of rotation, and the acceleration data is rotationally transformed according to the first rotation angle a to obtain rotationally transformed acceleration data (a x,1 cos ⁇ -a z,1 sin ⁇ ,a y,1 , a x,1 sin ⁇ +a z , 1 cos ⁇ ), the specific rotation transformation is as follows:
  • the first rotation angle determined at the current time is ⁇
  • the rotation-corrected acceleration data is obtained (a x, 1 cos ⁇ +a z,1 sin ⁇ , a y,1 , -a x,1 sin ⁇ +a After z,1 cos ⁇ )
  • the X-axis of the acceleration is used as the rotation axis
  • the rotation-converted acceleration data is rotationally corrected according to the first rotation angle ⁇ to obtain rotation-corrected acceleration data.
  • the specific rotation transformation method is as follows:
  • Another possible way is: taking the X axis of the accelerometer as the rotation axis, rotating the acceleration data according to the second rotation angle to obtain the rotationally transformed acceleration data; using the Y axis of the accelerometer as the rotation axis, The rotationally transformed acceleration data is rotationally transformed according to a first rotation angle to obtain the corrected acceleration data.
  • the acceleration data output by the current time accelerometer is (a x,1 , a y,1 , a z,1 ), the first rotation angle determined at the current time is a, and the X axis of the acceleration is the rotation axis, according to
  • the first rotation angle a is rotationally transformed with the acceleration data to obtain rotationally transformed acceleration data (a x,1 , a y,1 cos ⁇ -a z,1 sin ⁇ ,a y,1 sin ⁇ +a z,1 cos ⁇ ),
  • the rotation transformation is as follows:
  • the first rotation angle determined at the current time is ⁇ , and the rotation corrected acceleration data is obtained (a x,1 , a y,1 cos ⁇ +a z,1 sin ⁇ ,a y,1 (-sin ⁇ )+a z,1 cos ⁇
  • the Y axis of the acceleration is taken as a rotation axis, and the rotation-converted acceleration data is rotated and corrected according to the first rotation angle ⁇ to obtain rotation-corrected acceleration data.
  • the specific rotation conversion method is as follows:
  • the flight speed at the current time is not within the preset range, the rotation angle is determined according to the preset rotation angle correction amount, and the acceleration data is rotationally corrected according to the rotation angle to obtain the corrected acceleration data.
  • the rotation angle is determined based on a preset rotation angle correction amount.
  • the flight speed of the current time aircraft in the horizontal direction includes the flight speed of the aircraft in the X-axis direction and the flight speed of the X-axis direction in the body coordinate system of the current time.
  • determining a first rotation angle of the current time according to the preset rotation angle correction amount determining a second rotation angle of the current time according to the preset rotation angle correction amount; according to the first rotation angle and the second rotation
  • the acceleration data is rotationally corrected to obtain corrected acceleration data.
  • the preset rotation angle correction amount is ⁇ err
  • the flight speed V x1 in the X-axis direction at the current time, the flight speed V y1 in the Y-axis direction, and the acceleration data output by the accelerometer are acquired, and the flight speeds V x1 and V y1 at the current time are not in the preset range.
  • the X-axis direction of the flight speed acquiring the current time V x2, acceleration data flight speed V y2 of the Y-axis direction and an accelerometer output, the current time flight speed V x2, V y2 are not predetermined range
  • the rotation data is rotationally transformed according to the first rotation angle ⁇ x2 and the second rotation angle ⁇ y2 to obtain the corrected acceleration data.
  • acceleration data is rotationally corrected according to the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle to obtain corrected acceleration data.
  • the acceleration data is rotationally corrected according to the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle to obtain corrected acceleration data.
  • step S604 the execution subject and the execution principle of the step S604 are the same as the step S204 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S204 the execution subject and the execution principle of the step S604 are the same as the step S204 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • step S204 the execution subject and the execution principle of the step S604 are the same as the step S204 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the heading correction method disclosed in the embodiment corrects the acceleration of the aircraft based on the flight speed at the current time, and after obtaining the corrected acceleration data, performs the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction according to the corrected acceleration data.
  • the control is such that the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the next moment is smaller than the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the current time.
  • the process of the heading correction is repeatedly performed until the speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction is within a preset range, so that the aircraft can be in the course of the heading movement.
  • the course is continuously optimized until the ideal state is handled.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a heading correction device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the heading correction device 700 includes a speed sensor 701, an accelerometer 702, and a processor 703.
  • the speed sensor 701 is configured to acquire a flight speed of the aircraft in a horizontal direction at a current time during the heading movement of the aircraft, and send the speed to the processor 703.
  • the accelerometer 702 is configured to acquire acceleration data of the aircraft during the heading movement of the aircraft, and send the acceleration data to the processor 703.
  • the processor 703 is configured to modify the acceleration data according to the flight speed of the current time to obtain the corrected acceleration data, and perform the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction according to the corrected acceleration data. Controlling such that the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the next moment is less than the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the current time.
  • a communication interface 704 is further included.
  • the communication interface 704 is configured to receive a heading control command sent by the control terminal;
  • the processor 703 is configured to control the aircraft to perform a heading motion according to the heading control instruction.
  • control terminal may be a remote controller, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a ground control station, a laptop computer, a watch, a wristband, and the like, and the unmanned aerial vehicle may be controlled on the ground.
  • the acceleration data is corrected to obtain the corrected acceleration data.
  • the heading correction device disclosed in this embodiment acquires the current by performing the heading movement in the aircraft
  • the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction and the acceleration data of the aircraft and correcting the acceleration of the aircraft according to the flight speed of the current time to obtain the corrected acceleration data, and the aircraft is at the level according to the corrected acceleration data.
  • the flight speed of the direction is controlled such that the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the next moment is smaller than the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the current time.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a heading correction device. Based on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , the speed sensor 701 acquires the current time of the aircraft in the horizontal direction during the course of the aircraft performing the heading motion. At the flight speed, the speed of the aircraft in the X-axis direction and the speed in the Y-axis direction in the body coordinate system are specifically acquired.
  • the processor 703 corrects the acceleration data to obtain the corrected acceleration data, specifically: if the current time of the aircraft is When the speed in the X-axis direction and the speed in the Y-axis direction in the body coordinate system are not within the preset range, the acceleration data is corrected to obtain corrected acceleration data.
  • the processor 703 Based on the speed sensor 701 and the processor 703 disclosed in this embodiment, optionally, when the flight speed of the current time is not within the preset range, the processor corrects the acceleration data to obtain the corrected acceleration data. Time:
  • the processor 703 is specifically configured to: if the flight speed of the current time is not within the preset range, determine a rotation angle, and perform rotation correction on the acceleration data according to the correction amount to obtain the corrected acceleration data.
  • the processor 703 corrects the acceleration data according to the correction amount to obtain the corrected acceleration data
  • the processor 703 is specifically configured to:
  • the processor 703 determines a rotation angle of the current time according to the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction according to the current time, and performs rotation correction on the acceleration data according to the rotation angle to obtain the corrected rotation
  • the acceleration data it is specifically used to:
  • the acceleration data is rotationally corrected according to the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle to obtain corrected acceleration data.
  • the processor 703 determines the first rotation angle according to the speed in the X-axis direction according to the body coordinate system, and determines the second rotation angle according to the speed in the Y-axis direction of the body coordinate system, specifically for:
  • the second rotation angle correction amount at the current time is determined according to the speed in the Y-axis direction in the body coordinate system, and the second rotation angle at the current time is determined according to the second rotation angle correction amount and the second rotation angle of the previous moment at the current time.
  • the processor 703 is specifically configured to perform rotation correction on the acceleration data according to the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle to obtain the corrected Acceleration data.
  • the manner in which the processor 703 obtains the corrected acceleration data according to the first rotation angle and the second rotation angle is:
  • the Y axis of the accelerometer is taken as a rotation axis, and the acceleration data is rotationally transformed according to the first rotation angle to obtain the rotation transformed acceleration data; and then the X axis of the accelerometer is used as the rotation axis.
  • the rotationally transformed acceleration data is rotationally transformed according to a second rotation angle to obtain the corrected acceleration data.
  • the X axis of the accelerometer is used as a rotation axis, and the acceleration data is rotated and transformed according to the second rotation angle to obtain the rotation transformed acceleration data; and then the Y axis of the accelerometer is used as the rotation axis.
  • the rotationally transformed acceleration data is rotationally transformed according to a first rotation angle to obtain the corrected acceleration data.
  • the heading correction device disclosed in the embodiment obtains the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction and the acceleration data of the aircraft at the current time during the course of the aircraft's heading movement, and corrects the acceleration of the aircraft according to the flight speed of the current time.
  • the acceleration data controls the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction such that the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the next moment is smaller than the flight speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction at the current time.
  • the speed sensor 701, the accelerometer 702, and the processor 703 may repeat the above steps until the speed of the aircraft in the horizontal direction is within a preset range. Ensure that the course of the aircraft during the course of the course is continuously optimized until the ideal state is handled.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an aircraft.
  • the aircraft may be specifically an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle includes a fuselage 901, a power system 902, and a heading correction device 903.
  • the power system 902 is mounted to the fuselage 901 for providing flight power.
  • the heading correction device 903 is any one of the heading correction devices disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention. The principle and implementation are similar to the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.
  • the power system includes one or more of a propeller, a motor, and an electric power.
  • the unmanned aerial vehicle may further include a pan/tilt 904 and an imaging device 905, and the imaging device 905 is mounted on the main body of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the pan/tilt 904.
  • the imaging device 905 is used for image or video shooting during the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle, including but not limited to multi-spectral imager, hyperspectral imager, visible light camera and infrared camera, etc.
  • the pan/tilt 904 is multi-axis transmission and stabilized
  • the pan/tilt motor compensates the photographing angle of the image forming apparatus 905 by adjusting the rotation angle of the rotating shaft, and prevents or reduces the shake of the image forming apparatus 905 by setting an appropriate buffer mechanism.
  • the drone receives the control command of the control terminal 1000, for example, installs an error detection command, and controls the drone to perform a corresponding action according to the instruction.
  • the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be electrical, mechanical or otherwise.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.
  • the above-described integrated unit implemented in the form of a software functional unit can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the above software functional unit is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor to perform the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. Part of the steps.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种航向修正方法、设备及飞行器。通过在飞行器进行航向运动的过程中,获取当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度以及飞行器的加速度数据,以当前时刻的飞行速度对飞行器的加速度进行修正,得到修正后的加速度数据,根据该修正后的加速度数据对该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,使得下一时刻该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。通过上述航向修正过程,在飞行器进行航向运动时,可以有效地减小飞行器在水平方向上的速度,提升无人飞行器保持原地不动只调转航向的性能,从而提高飞行器在行业应用中的灵活性和安全性。

Description

一种航向修正方法、设备及飞行器 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及控制技术领域,尤其涉及一种航向修正方法、设备及飞行器。
背景技术
近几年随着无人飞行器的发展,其已被广泛的应用到各行各业。针对无人飞行器的控制精度的要求越来越高。在无人飞行器的控制过程中,有一个常规的控制操作:无人飞行器接收控制终端发送的航向控制指令,无人飞行器根据接收到的航向控制指令,保持当前的位置不变,改变无人飞行器的航向,即控制无人飞行器进行航向运动。
然而,目前针对该控制操作,在无人飞行器持续改变航向的过程中,因传感器(例如加速度计)的安装误差导致输出的数据存在偏差,会出现使无人飞行器的水平方向上有速度的情况。这就导致无人飞行器在改变航向的过程中,实际表现并不仅仅是调转航向,同时还伴随着绕一个位置点以较小的半径环绕飞行的现象,降低了无人飞行器保持原地不动只调转航向的性能。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种航向修正方法、设备及飞行器,以有效提升无人飞行器保持原地不动只调转航向的性能。
本发明实施例的一个方面是提供一种航向修正方法,包括:
在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度,获取所述飞行器的加速度数据;
根据所述当前时刻的飞行速度对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据;
根据所述修正后的加速度数据对所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制以使得下一时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
本发明实施例的另一个方面是提供一种航向修正设备,包括:速度传感器、加速度计和处理器;
所述速度传感器,用于在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度;
所述加速度计,用于在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取所述飞行器的加速度数据;
所述处理器,用于根据所述当前时刻的飞行速度对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据;以及根据所述修正后的加速度数据对所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制以使得下一时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
本发明实施例的另一个方面是提供一种飞行器,包括:
机身;
动力系统,安装在所述机身,用于提供飞行动力;
以及上述的航向修正设备。
本发明实施例提供的航向修正方法、设备及飞行器,通过在飞行器进行航向运动的过程中,获取当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度以及飞行器的加速度数据,并根据该当前时刻的飞行速度对飞行器的加速度进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据,并根据该修正后的加速度数据对该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制以使得下一时刻该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。通过上述航向修正过程,在飞行器进行航向运动时,可以有效地减小飞行器在水平方向上的速度,即减小飞行器绕某一位置点环绕飞行的半径,提升无人飞行器保持原地不动只调转航向的性能,从而提高飞行器在行业应用中的灵活性和安全性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的无人飞行器F绕A点旋转的飞行轨迹示意图;
图2为本发明实施例提供的航向修正方法的流程图;
图3为本发明实施例提供的机体坐标系OXYZ的示意图;
图4为本发明另一实施例提供的航向修正方法的流程图;
图5为本发明另一实施例提供的航向修正方法的流程图;
图6为本发明另一实施例提供的航向修正方法的流程图;
图6A为本发明实施例提供的一种以加速度的Y轴为轴线对加速度数据进行旋转变换的示意图;
图6B为本发明实施例提供的以加速度的X轴为轴线对旋转变化的加速度数据进行旋转变换的示意图;
图7为本发明实施例提供的一种航向修正设备的结构图;
图8为本发明另一实施例提供的航向修正设备的结构图;
图9为本发明实施例提供的无人飞行器的结构图。
附图标记:
F-无人飞行器    700-航向修正设备    701-速度传感器    702-加速度计
703-处理器     704-通讯接口         901-机身         902-动力系统
903-航向修正设备    1000-控制终端。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是,当组件被称为“固定于”另一个组件,它可以直接在另一个组件上或者也可以存在居中的组件。当一个组件被认为是“连接”另一个组件,它可以是直接连接到另一个组件或者可能同时存在居中组件。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
下面结合附图,对本发明的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下,下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在飞行器,尤其是无人飞行器中,在进行航向控制的过程,用户通过对控制终端 的航向按键、航向杆向飞行器发出航向控制指令,以使飞行器在保持当前位置不变的前提下,调转飞行器的航向。
如图1所示,理想状态下,在接收到控制终端发送的航向控制指令时,无人机飞行器根据控制指令调转航向,即在无人机飞行器的航向运动过程中,无人飞行器当前保持自身位置不变,仅仅是在进行航向运动,自身位置不会发生变化,水平方向的速度应该为0。也就是说,无人飞行器在水平方向上不会有速度。但是,在实际的情况中,由于传感器的安装误差,使得传感器输出的数据存在偏差,无人飞行器的处理器根据存在偏差的输出数据去对无人飞行器进行控制,导致无人飞行器在进行航向运动的过程中水平方向的速度不为0,即表现出如图1所示的,无人飞行器F以A位置点为圆心以一个较小的半径环绕飞行器,表现出原地画圈的现象。
因此,为了有效提升无人飞行器保持原地不动只调转航向的性能,提高飞行器在行业应用中的灵活性和安全性。本发明实施例公开了一种航向修正的技术方案。
图2为本发明实施例提供的航向修正方法的流程图。下面结合图2,详细描述本发明实施例提供的用于航向修正的方法,以有效提升无人飞行器保持原地不动只调转航向的性能。如图2所示,本实施例中的方法,可以包括:
步骤S201、在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
本实施例中,该步骤S201的执行主体可以是具有观测飞行器在水平方向上的飞行速度的速度传感器;其中,所述速度传感器是任何可以观测飞行器在水平方向上的飞行速度的传感器,例如视觉传感器(单目视觉传感系统、双目立体视觉传感系统)、TOF相机、雷达、激光雷达、GPS等,在这里不作具体的限定。
这里需要说明的是,图3为机体坐标系的示意图,当飞行器只做航向运动时,飞行器的机体坐标的XOY平面与水平面平行,所述水平方向的速度包括该机体坐标系下X轴方向的飞行速度和X轴方向的飞行速度。
步骤S202、在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取所述飞行器的加速度数据。
本实施例中,该步骤S202的执行主体为加速度计,其中本发明实施例中的加速度计是表示任何可以感测加速度的传感器。加速度计可以为单轴加速度计、两轴加速度计、三轴加速度计。
这里以三轴加速度计来进行示意性说明,目前,加速度计和陀螺仪往往集成为一个模块、即惯性测量单元(IMU),固定安装在无人飞行器的机身内部。
另外,本实施例需要说明的是,步骤S201和步骤S202之间无先后执行顺序,在飞行器工作期间,各自执行速度和加速度的获取。
步骤S203、根据所述当前时刻的飞行速度对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据。
本实施例中,该步骤S203的执行主体为处理器。该处理器可以为无人飞行器的飞行控制系统,也可以是其他专用或通用的具有数据处理能力的处理器,这里并不作具体限定。
当加速度计的安装状态为理想安装状态时,即加速度计没有任何安装误差,加速度的X轴和Y轴构成的XOY平面与水平面平行,加速度计的坐标系应当与无人飞行器的机体坐标系应当是完全相同,此时,当无人飞行器在进行航向运动时,加速度计的输出的加速度数据应当为0,即在加速度计的三轴(X轴、Y轴和Z轴)方向的输出的加速度数据应当都为0。然而,由于加速度计的存在安装误差,导致加速度计的三轴(X轴、Y轴和Z轴)方向的输出的加速度数据不全为0,加速度计输出的加速度数据存在误差。由于加速度计输出的加速度速度是对无人飞行器的速度进行控制的重要参数,如前所述,加速度计输出的加速度数据存在误差,因此,需要对加速度计的加速度输出数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据。
S204、根据所述修正后的加速度数据对所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,以使得下一时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
本实施例中,该步骤S204的执行主体为如上所述的处理器。基于上述说明,在处理器得到修正后的加速度数据后,即可根据该修正后的加速度数据对飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,修正后的加速度数据相对比修正前的加速度数据,减小了加速度数据的误差,这样使飞行器下一时刻在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻飞行器在水平方向上的飞行速度,通过这种方式可以有效减小无人飞行器在水平方向上的速度大小。
其中,在本发明实施例中,上述所涉及到的控制终端可以为遥控器、智能手机、平板电脑、地面控制站、膝上型电脑、穿戴式设备(手表、手环)等及其组合。
本实施例通过在飞行器进行航向运动的过程中,获取当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度以及飞行器的加速度数据,并根据该当前时刻的飞行速度对飞行器的加速度进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据,并根据该修正后的加速度数据对该飞行器 在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,以使得下一时刻该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。通过上述航向修正过程,在飞行器进行航向运动时,可以有效地减小飞行器在水平方向上的速度,即减小飞行器绕某一位置点环绕飞行的半径,使飞行器在进行航向运动的过程中保持原地不动,提升无人飞行器保持原地不动只调转航向的性能,从而提高飞行器在行业应用中的灵活性和安全性。
本发明实施例提供了一种航向修正方法。在图2示出的实施例的基础上,图4为本发明另一实施例提供的航向修正方法的流程图。本实施例中的方法,包括:
S401、接收控制终端发送的航向控制指令,根据所述航向控制指令控制飞行进行航向运动。
在本实施例中,用户通过控制终端向无人飞行器发送航向控制指令,例如,用户操作控制终端的航向杆,控制终端就会向无人飞行器发送航向控制指令,无人飞行器在接收到所述航线控制指令后,根据所述控制指令调转航向,即根据所述航向控制指令进行航向运动。
S402、在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
在本实施例中,步骤S402的执行主体和执行原理与图2示出的实施例中的步骤S201一致,具体说明可参照本发明上述实施例中对步骤S201的说明,这里不再进行赘述。
需要说明的是,基于上述图3示出的机体坐标系可知,在本实施例中,所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度包括所述飞行器在机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度。
S403、在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取所述飞行器的加速度数据。
在本实施例中,步骤S403的执行主体和执行原理与图2示出的实施例中的步骤S202一致,具体说明可参照本发明上述实施例中对步骤S202的说明,这里不再进行赘述。
S404、若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据。
在本实施例中,在处理器获取到当前时刻的飞行速度时,处理器可以将所述飞行速度与预设的速度阈值进行比较,判断所述飞行速度是否在预设的范围内,具体地, 当所述飞行速度大于或等于预设飞行速度阈值时,即所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,表示无人飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度较大,在进行航向运动时,无人飞行器保持自身位置不变的性能较差,需要对加速度计输出的加速度数据进行修正,根据修正后的加速度对飞行速度进行控制以使无人飞行器在水平方向上的飞行速度降低;当所述飞行速度小于预设飞行速度阈值时,即所述当前时刻的飞行速度在预设范围内时,表示无人飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度较小,在进行航向运动时,无人飞行器保持自身位置不变的性能较好,不需要对加速度计输出的加速度数据进行修正。
进一步地,若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时包括:若当前时刻的机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度不在预设范围内时。具体地,若当前时刻的机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度大于或等于预设的速度阈值时,即当前时刻的机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度不在预设范围内,例如,当前时刻的机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度大于或等于3cm/s时,表示无人飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度较大,在进行航向运动时,无人飞行器保持自身位置不变的性能较差,需要根据如前所述的方法对水平方向上的飞行速度进行控制。当所述前时刻的机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度小于预设飞行速度阈值时,即当前时刻的机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度在预设范围内,例如,当前时刻的机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度小于3cm/s时,表示无人飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度较小,在进行航向运动时,无人飞行器保持自身位置不变的性能较好,不需要对加速度计输出的加速度数据进行修正。
需要说明的是,取3cm/s为预设的速度阈值只是为了进行示意性说明,本领域技术人员还可以选用其他的速度阈值,在此不作具体的限定。
S405、根据所述修正后的加速度数据对所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,以使得下一时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
在本实施例中,步骤S405的执行主体和执行原理与图2示出的实施例中的步骤S204一致,具体说明可参照本发明上述实施例中对步骤S204的说明,这里不再进行赘述。
本发明实施例提供了一种航向修正方法。在图2、4示出的实施例的基础上,图5为本发明另一实施例提供的航向修正方法的流程图。本实施例中的方法,包括:
S501、在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞 行速度。
在本实施例中,步骤S501的执行主体和执行原理与图2示出的实施例中的步骤S201一致,具体说明可参照本发明上述实施例中对步骤S201的说明,这里不再进行赘述。
需要说明的是,基于上述图3示出的机体坐标系可知,在本实施例中,所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度包括所述飞行器在机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度。
S502、在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取所述飞行器的加速度数据。
在本实施例中,步骤S502的执行主体和执行原理与图2示出的实施例中的步骤S202一致,具体说明可参照本发明上述实施例中对步骤S202的说明,这里不再进行赘述。
S503、根据所述当前时刻的飞行速度对加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据;
S504、根据所述修正后的加速度数据对飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制以使得下一时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度
S505、重复上述步骤,直至飞行器在水平方向的速度在预设范围内。
在本实施例中,步骤S501-S504是根据修正后的加速度数据对无人飞行器在水平方向上的飞行速度进行控制的一次操作,在所述下一时刻时(当到达下一时刻时,此时的下一时刻即为步骤S501-S504中的当前时刻),重复执行步骤S501-S504,直至在下一时刻时,速度传感器输出的无人飞行器在水平方向上的飞行速度在预设范围内时为止,例如直至飞行器在机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度都小于3cm/s为止。这样多次利用修正后的加速度数据对无人飞行器在水平方向上的速度进行控制,无人飞行器在水平方向上的飞行速度逐渐减小,无人飞行器在进行航向运动时,保持自身位置不变的性能逐步提升。当无人飞行器在水平方向上的飞行速度小于预设的速度阈值时,则认为无人飞行器在进行航向运动时,保持自身位置不变的性能已经达到预设的要求。
本发明实施例提供了一种航向修正方法。在图2、4、5示出的实施例的基础上,图6为本发明另一实施例提供的航向修正方法的流程图。本实施例中的方法,包括:
S601、在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
在本实施例中,步骤S601的执行主体和执行原理与图2示出的实施例中的步骤S201一致,具体说明可参照本发明上述实施例中对步骤S201的说明,这里不再进行赘述。
需要说明的是,基于上述图3示出的机体坐标系可知,在本实施例中,所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度包括所述飞行器在机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度。
S602、在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取所述飞行器的加速度数据。
在本实施例中,步骤S602的执行主体和执行原理与图2示出的实施例中的步骤S202一致,具体说明可参照本发明上述实施例中对步骤S202的说明,这里不再进行赘述。
S603、若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,确定旋转角度,对加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
具体地,确定旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据,可以通过如下几种可行方式实现:
第一种可行方式为:
根据所述当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度确定当前时刻的旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。其中,每一次对加速度数据进行旋转修正时,旋转角度是根据飞行速度来确定的,所述当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度包括当前时刻飞行器在机体坐标系下X轴方向的飞行速度和X轴方向的飞行速度。
进一步地,根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度,根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度;根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
下面将详细介绍根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度,根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度的过程:
根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度修正量,根据第一旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的前一时刻的第一旋转角度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度;根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度修正量, 根据第二旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的前一时刻的第二旋转角度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度。例如,在k=0时刻时,获取当前时刻的X轴方向的飞行速度Vx0、Y轴方向的飞行速度Vy0和加速度计输出的加速度数据,当前时刻的飞行速度Vx0、Vy0不在预设范围内时,根据Vx0确定第一旋转角度修正量k*Vx0,第一旋转角度为αx0=k*Vx0,根据Vy0确定第二旋转角度修正量k*Vy0,第二旋转角度为αy0=k*Vy0,根据第一旋转角度αx0和第二旋转角度αy0对加速度数据进行旋转变换,得到修正后的加速度数据,根据修正后的加速度数据对飞行速度进行控制以使k=1时刻的飞行速度小于当前时刻的飞行速度;
在k=1时刻时,获取当前时刻的X轴方向的飞行速度Vx1、Y轴方向的飞行速度Vy1和加速度计输出的加速度数据,当前时刻的飞行速度Vx1、Vy1不在预设范围内时,根据Vx1确定第一旋转角度修正量k*Vx1,第一旋转角度为k=0时刻的旋转角度和当前时刻的第一旋转角度修正量之和,即αx1=αx0+k*Vx1,根据Vy1确定第二旋转角度修正量k*Vy1,第二旋转角度为k=0时刻的旋转角度和当前时刻的第二旋转角度修正量之和,即αy1=αy0+k*Vy1,根据第一旋转角度αx1和第二旋转角度αy1对加速度数据进行旋转变换,得到修正后的加速度数据,根据修正后的加速度数据对飞行速度进行控制以使k=1时刻的飞行速度小于当前时刻的飞行速度;
在k=2时刻时,获取当前时刻的X轴方向的飞行速度Vx2、Y轴方向的飞行速度Vy2和加速度计输出的加速度数据,当前时刻的飞行速度Vx2、Vy2不在预设范围内时,根据Vx2确定第一旋转角度修正量k*Vx2,第一旋转角度为k=1时刻的旋转角度和当前时刻的第一旋转角度修正量之和,即αx2=αx1+k*Vx2,根据Vy2确定第二旋转角度修正量k*Vy2,第二旋转角度为k=1时刻的旋转角度和当前时刻的第二旋转角度修正量之和,即αy2=αy1+k*Vy2,根据第一旋转角度αx2和第二旋转角度αy2对加速度数据进行旋转变换,得到修正后的加速度数据,根据修正后的加速度数据对飞行速度进行控制以使k=3时刻的飞行速度小于当前时刻的飞行速度;
以此类推,知道下一时刻的飞行速度在预设范围内,即直到下一时刻的飞行速度小于预设的速度阈值。
需要说明的是,本发明实施例中旋转角度的修正量为预设的k与飞速度的乘积只是一种实现方式,本领域技术人员还可以采用其他方式根据飞行速度确定旋转角度的修正量,在这里不做具体的限定。
进一步地,根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修 正,以得到修正后的加速度数据。具体地,存在以下几种可行的方式:
一种可行方式:以加速度计的Y轴为旋转轴线,将所述加速度数据按照第一旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到旋转变换后的加速度数据;以加速度计的Y轴为旋转轴线,将所述旋转变换后的加速度数据按照第二旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到所述修正后的加速度数据。
具体地,如图6A所示,当前时刻加速度计输出的加速度数据为(ax,1,ay,1,az,1),当前时刻确定的第一旋转角度为α,以加速度的Y轴为旋转轴线,根据第一旋转角度a对加速度数据进行旋转变换,得到旋转变换的加速度数据(ax,1cosα-az,1sinα,ay,1,ax,1sinα+az,1cosα),具体的旋转变换方式如下:
Figure PCTCN2017085465-appb-000001
如图6B所示,当前时刻确定的第一旋转角度为β,在得到旋转修正的加速度数据(ax,1cosα+az,1sinα,ay,1,-ax,1sinα+az,1cosα)后,以加速度的X轴为旋转轴线,根据第一旋转角度β对所述旋转变换后的加速度数据进行旋转修正,得到旋转修正的加速度数据,具体的旋转变换方式如下:
Figure PCTCN2017085465-appb-000002
另一种可行方式:以加速度计的X轴为旋转轴线,将所述加速度数据按照第二旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到旋转变换后的加速度数据;以加速度计的Y轴为旋转轴线,将所述旋转变换后的加速度数据按照第一旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到所述修正后的加速度数据。
具体地,当前时刻加速度计输出的加速度数据为(ax,1,ay,1,az,1),当前时刻确定的第一旋转角度为a,以加速度的X轴为旋转轴线,根据第一旋转角度a对加速度数据进行旋转变换,得到旋转变换的加速度数据(ax,1,ay,1cosα-az,1sinα,ay,1sinα+az,1cosα),具体的旋转变换方式如下:
Figure PCTCN2017085465-appb-000003
当前时刻确定的第一旋转角度为β,在得到旋转修正的加速度数据(ax,1,ay,1cosα+az,1sinα,ay,1(-sinα)+az,1cosα)后,以加速度的Y轴为旋转轴线,根据第一旋转角度β对所述旋转变换后的加速度数据进行旋转修正,得到旋转修正的加速度数据,具体的旋转变换方式如下:
Figure PCTCN2017085465-appb-000004
第二种可行方式为:
当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内,根据预先设定的旋转角度修正量确定旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据。其中,每一次对加速度数据进行旋转修正时,旋转角度是根据预先设定的旋转角度修正量来确定的。所述当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度包括当前时刻飞行器在机体坐标系下X轴方向的飞行速度和X轴方向的飞行速度。
进一步地,根据预先设定的旋转角度修正量确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度,根据预先设定的旋转角度修正量确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度;根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
下面将详细介绍根据预先设定的旋转角度修正量确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度,根据预设设定的旋转修正确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度的过程:
根据预先设定的旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的前一时刻的第一旋转角度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度;根据预先设定的旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的前一时刻的第二旋转角度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度。例如,预先设定的旋转角度修正量为αerr,在k=0时刻时,获取当前时刻的X轴方向的飞行速度Vx0、Y轴方向的飞行速度Vy0和加速度计输出的加速度数据,当前时刻的飞行速度Vx0、Vy0不在预设范围内时,第一旋转角度为αx0=αerr,第二旋转角度为αy0=αerr,根据第一旋转角度αx0和第二旋转角度αy0对加速度数据进行旋转变换,得到修正后的加速度数据,根据修正后的加速度数据对飞行速度进行控制以使k=1时刻的飞行速度小于当前时刻的飞行速度;
在k=1时刻时,获取当前时刻的X轴方向的飞行速度Vx1、Y轴方向的飞行速度Vy1和加速度计输出的加速度数据,当前时刻的飞行速度Vx1、Vy1不在预设范围内时,第一旋转角度为预先设定的旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的第一旋转角度修正量之和,即αx1=αx0err,第二旋转角度为k=0时刻的旋转角度和当前时刻的第二旋转角度修正量之和,即αy1=αy0err,根据第一旋转角度αx1和第二旋转角度αy1对加速度数据进行旋转变换,得到修正后的加速度数据,根据修正后的加速度数据对飞行速度进行控制以使k=1时刻的飞行速度小于当前时刻的飞行速度;
在k=2时刻时,获取当前时刻的X轴方向的飞行速度Vx2、Y轴方向的飞行速度Vy2和加速度计输出的加速度数据,当前时刻的飞行速度Vx2、Vy2不在预设范围内时,第一旋转角度为k=1时刻的旋转角度和当前时刻的第一旋转角度修正量之和,即αx2=αx1err,第二旋转角度为k=1时刻的旋转角度和当前时刻的第二旋转角度修正量之和,即αy2=αy1err,根据第一旋转角度αx2和第二旋转角度αy2对加速度数据进行旋转变换,得到修正后的加速度数据,根据修正后的加速度数据对飞行速度进行控制以使k=3时刻的飞行速度小于当前时刻的飞行速度;
以此类推,直到下一时刻的飞行速度在预设范围内,即直到下一时刻的飞行速度小于预设的速度阈值。
进一步地,根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据。其中,具体的实现方式请参考前述相关部分,在此不再赘述。
S604、根据所述修正后的加速度数据对所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,以使得下一时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
在本实施例中,步骤S604的执行主体和执行原理与图2示出的实施例中的步骤S204一致,具体说明可参照本发明上述实施例中对步骤S204的说明,这里不再进行赘述。
本实施例公开的航向修正方法,通过基于当前时刻的飞行速度对飞行器的加速度进行修正,并在得到修正后的加速度数据后,根据该修正后的加速度数据对该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,使得下一时刻该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。从而实现使飞行器在航向运动过程中的航向 得到优化,有效降低飞行器在调转航向时出现的偏航目的,进一步提高飞行器在行业应用中的灵活性和安全性。
进一步的,基于上述本发明实施例公开的航向修正方法,在航向调整过程中,重复执行上述航向修正的过程,直至飞行器的水平方向的速度处于预设范围内,能够使飞行器在航向运动过程中的航向不断的得到优化,直至处理理想状态。
本发明实施例提供一种航向修正设备。图7为本发明实施例提供的航向修正设备的结构图。如图7所示,该航向修正设备700包括:速度传感器701、加速度计702和处理器703。
该速度传感器701,用于在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度,并发送给所述处理器703。
该加速度计702,用于在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取所述飞行器的加速度数据,并发送给所述处理器703。
处理器703,用于根据所述当前时刻的飞行速度对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据;以及根据所述修正后的加速度数据对所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,以使得下一时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
在本实施例中,若该航向修正设备用于无人飞行器,结合图7,如图8所示,还包括:通讯接口704。该通讯接口704,用于接收控制终端发送的航向控制指令;
相应地,该处理器703,用于根据所述航向控制指令控制所述飞行器进行航向运动。
在具体应用实例中,该控制终端可以是遥控器、智能手机、平板电脑、地面控制站、膝上型电脑、手表、手环等及其组合,同时还可以在地面控制无人飞行器。
在具体应用实例中,处理器根据所述当前时刻的飞行速度对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体用于:
若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
本发明实施例提供的航向修正设备的具体原理和实现方式均与图2所示实施例类似,此处不再赘述。
本实施例公开的航向修正设备,通过在飞行器进行航向运动的过程中,获取当前 时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度以及飞行器的加速度数据,并根据该当前时刻的飞行速度对飞行器的加速度进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据,并根据该修正后的加速度数据对该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,以使得下一时刻该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。通过上述航向修正过程,在飞行器进行航向运动时,可以有效地减小飞行器在水平方向上的速度,即减小飞行器绕某一位置点环绕飞行的半径,使飞行器在进行航向运动的过程中保持原地不动,提升无人飞行器保持原地不动只调转航向的性能从而提高飞行器在行业应用中的灵活性和安全性。
本发明实施例提供一种航向修正设备,在图7和图8所示实施例提供的技术方案的基础上,速度传感器,701在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度时,具体获取所述飞行器在机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度。
相应地,处理器703在若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体为:若当前时刻的所述飞行器在机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据。
基于本实施例公开的速度传感器701和处理器703,可选的,处理器在若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据时:
该处理器703具体用于,若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,确定旋转角度,根据所述修正量对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据。
进一步的,处理器703在所述确定旋转角度,根据所述修正量对加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体用于:
根据所述当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度,确定当前时刻的旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对加速度数据进行旋转修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据。
进一步的,处理器703在所述根据所述当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度,确定当前时刻的旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体用于:
根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度,根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度;
根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
进一步的,处理器703在所述根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定第一旋转角度,根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定第二旋转角度时,具体用于:
根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度修正量,根据第一旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的前一时刻的第一旋转角度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度;
根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度修正量,根据第二旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的前一时刻的第二旋转角度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度。
在基于本实施例上述确定第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度后,该处理器703具体用于根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
可选的,在处理器703根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度得到修正后的加速度数据的方式为:
可选的,先以加速度计的Y轴为旋转轴线,将所述加速度数据按照第一旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到旋转变换后的加速度数据;再以加速度计的X轴为旋转轴线,将所述旋转变换后的加速度数据按照第二旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到所述修正后的加速度数据。
可选的,先以加速度计的X轴为旋转轴线,将所述加速度数据按照第二旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到旋转变换后的加速度数据;再以加速度计的Y轴为旋转轴线,将所述旋转变换后的加速度数据按照第一旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到所述修正后的加速度数据。
本发明实施例提供的航向修正设备的具体原理和实现方式均与图4-图6所示实施例中对所涉及到的速度传感器、处理器和加速度计类似,此处不再赘述。
本实施例公开的航向修正设备,通过在飞行器进行航向运动的过程中,获取当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度以及飞行器的加速度数据,并根据该当前时刻的飞行速度对飞行器的加速度进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据,并根据该修正后的 加速度数据对该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,以使得下一时刻该飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。通过上述航向修正过程,在飞行器进行航向运动时,可以有效地减小飞行器在水平方向上的速度,即减小飞行器绕某一位置点环绕飞行的半径,使飞行器在进行航向运动的过程中保持原地不动,提升无人飞行器保持原地不动只调转航向的性能从而提高飞行器在行业应用中的灵活性和安全性。
进一步的,在飞行器在进行航向运动的过程中,该速度传感器701、该加速度计702和处理器703可以重复上述步骤,直至所述飞行器在水平方向的速度在预设范围内。确保飞行器在航向运动过程中的航向不断的得到优化,直至处理理想状态。
本发明实施例提供一种飞行器。该飞行器可以具体为无人飞行器。图9为本发明实施例提供的无人飞行器的结构示意图。如图9所示,该无人飞行器包括:机身901,动力系统902和航向修正设备903。该动力系统902安装于所述机身901,用于提供飞行动力。该航向修正设备903为上述本发明实施例中公开的任意一种航向修正设备,原理和实现方式均与上述实施例类似,此处不再赘述。
具体地,动力系统包括螺旋桨、电机、电调中的一种或多种,无人飞行器还可以包括云台904以及成像设备905,成像设备905通过云台904搭载于无人飞行器的主体上。成像设备905用于在无人飞行器的飞行过程中进行图像或视频拍摄,包括但不限于多光谱成像仪、高光谱成像仪、可见光相机及红外相机等,云台904为多轴传动及增稳系统,云台电机通过调整转动轴的转动角度来对成像设备905的拍摄角度进行补偿,并通过设置适当的缓冲机构来防止或减小成像设备905的抖动。其中,无人机接收控制终端1000的控制指令,例如安装误差检测指令,并根据所述指令控制无人机执行相应的动作。
在本发明所提供的几个实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的设备和方法,可以通过其它的方式实现。例如,以上所描述的设备实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如,所述单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口,设备或单元的间接耦合或通信连接,可以是电性,机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用硬件加软件功能单元的形式实现。
上述以软件功能单元的形式实现的集成的单元,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述软件功能单元存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory,ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁,仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明,实际应用中,可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成,即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块,以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。上述描述的装置的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种航向修正方法,其特征在于,包括:
    在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度,获取当前时刻所述飞行器的加速度数据;
    根据所述当前时刻的飞行速度对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据;
    根据所述修正后的加速度数据对所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制,以使得下一时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    接收控制终端发送的航向控制指令;
    根据所述航向控制指令控制所述飞行器进行航向运动。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,根据所述当前时刻的飞行速度对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据,包括:
    若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度包括所述飞行器在机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度;
    所述若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据包括:
    若当前时刻的所述飞行器在机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法,其特征在于,若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据,包括:
    若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,确定旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据,包括:
    根据所述当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度确定当前时刻的旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据,包括:
    根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度,根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度;
    根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定第一旋转角度,根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定第二旋转角度,包括:
    根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度修正量,根据第一旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的前一时刻的第一旋转角度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度;
    根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度修正量,根据第二旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的前一时刻的第二旋转角度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据,包括:
    以加速度计的Y轴为旋转轴线,将所述加速度数据按照第一旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到旋转变换后的加速度数据;
    以加速度计的X轴为旋转轴线,将所述旋转变换后的加速度数据按照第二旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到所述修正后的加速度数据。
  10. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据,包括:
    以加速度计的X轴为旋转轴线,将所述加速度数据按照第二旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到旋转变换后的加速度数据;
    以加速度计的Y轴为旋转轴线,将所述旋转变换后的加速度数据按照第一旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到所述修正后的加速度数据。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,
    重复上述步骤,直至所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度在预设范围内。
  12. 一种航向修正设备,其特征在于,包括:速度传感器、加速度计和处理器;
    所述速度传感器,用于在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度,并发送给所述处理器;
    所述加速度计,用于在飞行器进行航向运动过程中,获取所述当前时刻的飞行器的加速度数据,并发送给所述处理器;
    所述处理器,用于根据所述当前时刻的飞行速度对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据;以及根据所述修正后的加速度数据对所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度进行控制以使得下一时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度小于当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的设备,其特征在于,还包括通讯接口;
    所述通讯接口,用于接收控制终端发送的航向控制指令;
    所述处理器,用于根据所述航向控制指令控制所述飞行器进行航向运动。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器根据所述当前时刻的飞行速度对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体用于:
    若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的设备,其特征在于,所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度包括所述飞行器在机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度;
    所述处理器在若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正,以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体用于:
    若当前时刻所述飞行器在机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度、Y轴方向的速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器在若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,对所述加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体用于:
    若所述当前时刻的飞行速度不在预设范围内时,确定当前时刻的旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器在所述确定旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对加速度数据进行修正以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体用于:
    根据所述当前时刻飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度,确定当前时刻的旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器在所述根据所述当前时刻所述飞行器在水平方向的飞行速度,确定当前时刻的旋转角度,根据所述旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体用于:
    根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度,根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度;
    根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器在所述根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定第一旋转角度,根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定第二旋转角度时,具体用于:
    根据机体坐标系下的X轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度修正量,根据第一旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的前一时刻的第一旋转角度确定当前时刻的第一旋转角度;
    根据机体坐标系下的Y轴方向的速度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度修正量,根据第二旋转角度修正量和当前时刻的前一时刻的第二旋转角度确定当前时刻的第二旋转角度。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器在所述根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体用于:
    以加速度计的Y轴为旋转轴线,将所述加速度数据按照第一旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到旋转变换后的加速度数据;
    以加速度计的X轴为旋转轴线,将所述旋转变换后的加速度数据按照第二旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到所述修正后的加速度数据。
  21. 根据权利要求18或19所述的设备,其特征在于,所述处理器在所述根据所述第一旋转角度和第二旋转角度对所述加速度数据进行旋转修正以得到修正后的加速度数据时,具体用于:
    以加速度计的X轴为旋转轴线,将所述加速度数据按照第二旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到旋转变换后的加速度数据;
    以加速度计的Y轴为旋转轴线,将所述旋转变换后的加速度数据按照第一旋转角度进行旋转变换以得到所述修正后的加速度数据。
  22. 根据权利要求12-21任一项所述的设备,其特征在于,所述速度传感器、加速度传感器、处理器还用于重复上述步骤,直至所述飞行器在水平方向的速度在预设范围内。
  23. 一种飞行器,其特征在于,包括:
    机身;
    动力系统,安装于所述机身,用于提供飞行动力;
    以及如权利要求12-22任一所述的航向修正设备。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的飞行器,其特征在于,所述飞行器为无人飞行器。
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