WO2018209892A1 - 家庭厨余垃圾处理器的专用控制器和方法 - Google Patents

家庭厨余垃圾处理器的专用控制器和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018209892A1
WO2018209892A1 PCT/CN2017/107515 CN2017107515W WO2018209892A1 WO 2018209892 A1 WO2018209892 A1 WO 2018209892A1 CN 2017107515 W CN2017107515 W CN 2017107515W WO 2018209892 A1 WO2018209892 A1 WO 2018209892A1
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motor
triac
double
processing unit
central processing
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PCT/CN2017/107515
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱曙东
扬长平
刘汪勇
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深圳市复兴伟业技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018209892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018209892A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P1/00—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P1/16—Arrangements for starting electric motors or dynamo-electric converters for starting dynamo-electric motors or dynamo-electric converters

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  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic devices, and more particularly to a dedicated controller and method for a household kitchen waste disposer.
  • the mechanical centrifugal switch and the mechanical forward and reverse transfer switch or the manual forward and reverse transfer switch of the existing household kitchen waste disposer for the inductive load of the motor type, the mechanical switch has a closed discharge and an open arc, which may cause the explosion proof to fail to meet the standard. Once the flammable gas in the kitchen leaks, it will cause deflagration or fire, and secondly, the contact will ablate and the switch will fail. The vibration caused by the load imbalance of the third garbage dissipator will accelerate the switch failure. In addition to the mechanical switch installation, it is necessary to destroy the table top (drilling hole) to install the air isolation switch.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a household garbage waste which realizes the start of the garbage disposal motor, reverses the blockage, reverses the power supply, automatically breaks after the heat protection circuit, and realizes arc extinguishing and shockproof for the control relay.
  • Dedicated controllers and methods for the processor are cited in the above paragraphs.
  • a dedicated controller for a household kitchen waste disposer comprising a housing structure and a circuit structure, wherein the circuit structure comprises: a double pole double throw relay K1 for controlling commutation of the motor secondary winding SW
  • the two-way thyristor switch Q2 for controlling the double-pole double-throwing relay K1 and the motor secondary winding SW to be turned on and off and the two-way thyristor switch Q1 for controlling the motor running main winding RW; the two-way thyristor switch Q1 And the two-way thyristor switch Q2 and the double-pole double-throwing relay K1 to control the motor starting and running, the power-on automatic reversal, and the automatic reversal of the central processing unit U1.
  • a photocoupler U3 is further disposed between the triac Q1 and the central processing unit U1; and, between the bidirectional thyristor switch Q2 and the central processing unit U1 Set the photocoupler U2.
  • the utility model is applied to each of the above technical solutions, and the dedicated controller further includes a remote control circuit and a power supply circuit connected to the central processing unit U1.
  • the housing structure includes a remote control receiving signal light corresponding to the remote control circuit, and a power indicator light/work indicator light and a power source respectively corresponding to the power source circuit.
  • a method for controlling a household kitchen garbage disposer using a dedicated controller comprising the following steps: S1: replacing the state of the double-pole double-throwing relay K1 according to the state of the last recorded K1, After 200-300 milliseconds, the two-way thyristor switch Q1 and the two-way thyristor switch Q2 are turned on to realize the start of the motor, and the state of the double-pole double-throwing relay K1 is recorded, and after the motor is started, the Q2 is cut off, and the motor is normally operated; S2: When the motor is running, the central processing unit U1 detects the voltage of the motor secondary winding SW and determines whether the voltage Vsw is lower than the set threshold.
  • step S3 If yes, step S3 is performed, otherwise step S4 is performed; S3: the two-way thyristor is cut off by the CPU U1.
  • the number of times N performed in step S3 is also set.
  • the central processing unit U1 controls to cut off the triac Q1 and the two-way.
  • the thyristor switch Q2 realizes that the motor is powered off.
  • step S2 the central processing unit U1 also detects the third pin signal of the triac Q1, and determines whether the thermal protection FR is determined by the third pin signal of the bidirectional thyristor switch Q1. Short circuit, the central processor U1 controls to cut off the triac Q1 and the triac Q2 to achieve motor shutdown.
  • the working time S of the dedicated controller is also set.
  • the two-way thyristor is controlled to be cut by the central processing unit U1.
  • Switch Q1 and the triac Q2 enable the motor to be powered off.
  • the remote control module receives a signal from a remote controller to control its work start and work stop.
  • the invention adopts a household kitchen waste garbage processor, and the controller controls the startup and operation of the garbage processor to realize the startup of the garbage disposal motor, the reverse of the blockage, the power-on reversal, and the automatic protection after the circuit is broken.
  • Open circuit for the control relay to achieve arc extinguishing and anti-vibration, to achieve long-life processor requirements, for example, 100,000 start-up cycles, through the remote controller of the other controller to achieve remote control operation, to avoid the destruction of the drilling of the table surface and other operations.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a structural view of the housing of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a second structural view of the housing of the present invention.
  • the embodiment provides a dedicated controller for household kitchen waste disposal and a method thereof for controlling household kitchen waste disposal, and the dedicated controller includes a casing structure and a circuit structure, wherein a circuit structure of the dedicated controller is as follows As shown in FIG. 1, the dedicated controller includes a double-pole double-throw relay K1 for controlling the commutation of the motor secondary winding SW; a two-way thyristor switch Q2 for controlling the double-pole double-throwing relay K1 and the motor secondary winding SW to be turned on and off, respectively.
  • the central processing unit U1 that reverses and blocks the automatic reversal, that is, the CPU U1.
  • a photocoupler U3 is further disposed between the triac Q1 and the central processing unit U1; and a photocoupler U2 is further disposed between the triac Q2 and the central processing unit U1.
  • a remote control circuit RC Module and a power supply circuit connected to the central processing unit U1, wherein the power supply circuit is provided with a LNK304 and Q47805 voltage regulator IC, and the output of the triac Q1 and the RW to the AC power source are also connected in series.
  • the remote controller sends a signal, and the CPU U1 realizes the starting and running of the motor by controlling the opening and closing of the motor secondary winding SW and the turning of the motor main winding RW by controlling the triac switches Q1Q2 and K1.
  • the state of the double-pole double-throwing relay K1 is replaced by the CPU U1 according to the state of the last K1 recorded, and the delay is 200-300 milliseconds before the triac Q1 and the triac are turned on.
  • Switch Q2 after the start is completed, the two-way thyristor switch Q2 is cut off, and the CPU U1 records the state of the double-pole double-throwing relay K1.
  • the power-on automatic reversal can be performed: the CPU U1 is recorded after each start of the motor.
  • the state of the lower double-pole double-throwing relay K1 realizes the motor commutation start by changing the state of the double-pole double-throwing relay K1 at the next startup.
  • the CPU U1 After the startup is completed, when the motor is running normally, the CPU U1 detects the voltage of the motor secondary winding SW. If the motor secondary winding SW voltage Vsw is lower than the set threshold, it is determined that the motor state is blocked, and the triac is cut off by the CPU U1.
  • the switch Q1 and the two-way thyristor switch Q2 realize the motor stop, and after switching the K1 state, after delaying 200-300 milliseconds, the two-way thyristor switch Q1 and the two-way thyristor switch Q2 are turned on to realize the motor commutation and restart.
  • the triac Q2 After the startup is completed, the triac Q2 is turned off again, and finally the CPU U1 records the state of the double-pole double-throw relay K1. If it is not blocked, the CPU U1 can be repeatedly detected to detect the voltage of the motor secondary winding SW, and the judgment is repeated.
  • the CPU U1 sets the threshold of the number of stalls. When the number of stalls of the processor motor exceeds the set threshold, the CPU U1 controls to cut off the triac Q1 and the triac. The motor of switch Q2 is powered until the remote control receives the working signal and then restarts.
  • the longest working time protection can also be performed.
  • the processor motor reaches the set value, the motor power is cut off until the remote control receives the working signal, for example, setting the working time S of the dedicated controller when it is working.
  • the triac Q1 and the triac Q2 are controlled by the central processing unit U1.
  • the remote control function of the dedicated controller which receives the signal from the remote controller through the remote control module to control the operation and shutdown of the processor, and the customer can also control the operation and shutdown of the motor by pressing a single button on the surface of the controller; that is, through the remote control module Receive signals from the remote control to control its work start and work stop.
  • the CPU U1 also detects the third pin signal of the triac Q1, and determines whether the thermal protection FR is short-circuited through the third pin signal of the triac Q1, and the central processor U1 controls to cut off the triac Q1 and The bidirectional thyristor switch Q2; wherein, when the motor is working, the CPU U1 detects the third pin signal of the triac Q1 to determine whether the thermal protection FR of the motor is working due to overheating or disconnection, such as a short circuit, and the CPU U1 cuts the two-way through the control.
  • the thyristor switch Q1 and the bidirectional thyristor switch Q2 are used to cut off the motor power supply; thereby implementing an automatic open circuit detection circuit of the dedicated controller.
  • the dedicated controller is also provided with a relay automatic arc extinguishing and anti-vibration circuit: the CPU U1 realizes the pre-passing of the double-pole double-throwing relay K1 by controlling the timing control of the two-way thyristor switch Q2 and the double-pole double-throwing relay K1, for example, After switching the double-pole double-throwing relay K1, the two-way thyristor switch Q2 is turned on for a period of time, such as a delay of 200-300 milliseconds, thereby realizing the automatic arc extinguishing and anti-shock function of the relay.
  • the housing structure 20 of the dedicated controller includes a remote control receiving signal 201 corresponding to the remote control circuit, a power indicator/work indicator 202 corresponding to the power circuit, and a power supply.
  • the plug-in 203, the power plug-in 203 is disposed on one side of the dedicated controller, and is plugged into the power socket to turn on the dedicated controller power supply, the remote control receiving signal 201, the power indicator/work indicator 202, and the other side of the dedicated controller. It is used to indicate the remote control signal reception and working status of the dedicated controller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

一种家庭厨余垃圾处理器的专用控制器和方法，其中电路结构包括：用于控制电机副绕组（SW）换向的双刀双掷继电器（K1）；用于分别控制双刀双掷继电器（K1）及电机副绕组（SW）通断的第二双向可控硅开关（Q2）和用于控制主绕组（RW）通断的第一双向可控硅开关（Q1）；通过第一双向可控硅开关（Q1）、第二双向可控硅开关（Q2）以及双刀双掷继电器（K1）来控制电机启动、运转、上电自动反转和遇堵自动反转的中央处理器（U1）。该专用控制器和方法实现垃圾处理器的启动、运转、上电反转、遇堵反转和遇热保护，以及继电器的灭弧和防震。

Description

家庭厨余垃圾处理器的专用控制器和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电子设备领域，尤其涉及的是一种家庭厨余垃圾处理器的专用控制器和方法。
背景技术
现有家庭厨余垃圾处理器的的机械离心开关和机械正反转换开关或手动正反转转换开关：对于电机类的感性负载，机械开关存在闭合放电和打开拉弧，一会造成防爆不达标,一旦厨房内的可燃气体泄漏，会造成爆燃或火灾，二会造成触点烧蚀进而开关失效，第三垃圾处理器这种负载失衡造成的震动会加快开关失效。另配机械开关安装时需要破坏台面(钻孔)来安装空气隔离开关。
因此，现有技术存在缺陷，需要改进。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种实现垃圾处理电机的启动，遇堵反转，上电反转，遇热保断路后自动断路，对于控制继电器实现灭弧和防震的家庭厨余垃圾处理器的专用控制器和方法。
本发明的技术方案如下：一种家庭厨余垃圾处理器的专用控制器，包括壳体结构和电路结构，其中，电路结构包括：用于控制电机副绕组SW换向的双刀双掷继电器K1；用于分别控制双刀双掷继电器K1及电机副绕组SW通断的双向可控硅开关Q2和用于控制电机运行主绕组RW通断双向可控硅开关Q1；通过双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2以及双刀双掷继电器K1来控制电机启动和运转、上电自动反转、遇堵自动反转的中央处理器U1。
应用于上述技术方案，所述的专用控制器中，双向可控硅开关Q1与中央处理器U1之间还设置光电耦合器U3；并且，双向可控硅开关Q2与中央处理器U1之间还设置光电耦合器U2。
应用于各个上述技术方案，所述的专用控制器中，还包括一与中央处理器U1连接的遥控电路和电源电路。
应用于各个上述技术方案，所述的专用控制器中，所述壳体结构包括有与所述遥控电路对应的遥控接收信号灯，分别与所述电源电路对应的电源指示灯/工作指示灯、电源插件。
应用于各个上述技术方案，一种使用专用控制器来控制家庭厨余垃圾处理器的方法，包括如下步骤：S1：根据记录的上次K1的状态来更换双刀双掷继电器K1的状态，延时200-300毫秒后，接通双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2，实现电机的启动，并记录双刀双掷继电器K1的状态，电机启动完成后切断Q2，电机正常运转；S2：电机运转时中央处理器U1检测电机副绕组SW的电压，判断其电压Vsw是否低于设定的阈值，是则执行步骤S3，否则执行步骤S4；S3：通过CPU U1切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2，实现电机停机后，再返回执行步骤S1；S4：返回执行步骤S2。
应用于各个上述技术方案，所述的方法中，还设定步骤S3执行的次数N，当步骤S3的次数超过设定值N时，则中央处理器U1控制切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2实现电机停机断电。
应用于各个上述技术方案，所述的方法中，步骤S2中，中央处理器U1还检测双向可控硅开关Q1第三脚信号，通过双向可控硅开关Q1第三脚信号判断热保护FR是否短路，是则中央处理器U1控制切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2实现电机停机断电。
应用于各个上述技术方案，所述的方法中，在步骤S1之前，还设定专用控制器的工作时间S，当其工作时间超过时间S时，则通过中央处理器U1控制切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2实现电机停机断电。
应用于各个上述技术方案，所述的方法中，其是通过遥控模块接收遥控器给的信号来控制其工作启动和工作停机。
采用上述方案，本发明通过家用家庭厨余垃圾处理器，此控制器控制垃圾处理器的启动，运转，实现垃圾处理电机的启动，遇堵反转，上电反转，遇热保断路后自动断路，对于控制继电器实现灭弧和防震，实现处理器长寿命需求，例如，10万次启动循环，其通过另控制器配置遥控模块实现遥控操作，避免对台面实施钻孔的破坏等操作。
附图说明
图1为本发明的电路机构图；
图2为本发明的壳体结构图一；
图3为本发明的壳体结构图二。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例，对本发明进行详细说明。
本实施例提供了一种家庭厨余垃圾处理的专用控制器和其用来控制家庭厨余垃圾处理的方法，该专用控制器包括壳体结构和电路结构，其中，专用控制器的电路结构如图1所示，专用控制器包括用于控制电机副绕组SW换向的双刀双掷继电器K1；用于分别控制双刀双掷继电器K1及电机副绕组SW通断的双向可控硅开关Q2和用于控制电机运行主绕组RW通断双向可控硅开关Q1；以及通过双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2以及双刀双掷继电器K1来控制电机启动和运转、上电自动反转、遇堵自动反转的中央处理器U1，即CPU U1。
并且，双向可控硅开关Q1与中央处理器U1之间还设置光电耦合器U3；并且，双向可控硅开关Q2与中央处理器U1之间还设置光电耦合器U2。以及还包括一与中央处理器U1连接的遥控电路RC Module和电源电路，其中电源电路设置有LNK304和Q47805稳压IC，并且，在双向可控硅开关Q1的输出及RW到交流电源还串接有一过载保护热继电器FR。
其用来控制家庭厨余垃圾处理的方法如下：
在启动时，遥控器发送信号，CPU U1通过控制双向可控硅开关Q1Q2以及K1实现电机副绕组SW的通断和电机主绕组RW的接通来实现电机的启动和运转。
在启动时，先通过CPU U1根据记录的上次K1的状态来更换双刀双掷继电器K1的状态，并延时200-300毫秒后，再接通双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2，启动完成后切断双向可控硅开关Q2，CPU U1记录双刀双掷继电器K1的状态，如此，在每次启动时，可以进行上电自动反转：CPU U1在电机每次启动后记下双刀双掷继电器K1的状态，在下次启动时通过改变双刀双掷继电器K1的状态实现电机换向启动。
启动完成后，电机正常运行时，CPU U1检测电机副绕组SW的电压，如果电机副绕组SW电压Vsw低于设定的阈值，则判定电机状态为堵转，则通过CPU U1切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2，实现电机停机，再切换K1状态后延时200-300毫秒后，接通双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2，实现电机换向再启动，启动完成后，再次切断双向可控硅开关Q2，最后CPU U1记录双刀双掷继电器K1的状态。如未堵转，则可以重复CPU U1检测电机副绕组SW的电压，并重复判断。
并且，还进行堵转次数保护，其中，通过CPU U1设定堵转次数阈值，当处理器电机堵转次数超过设定的阈值后,CPU U1控制切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2的电机供电，直至遥控接受到工作信号后，再进行重新启动。
并且，还可以进行最长工作时间保护，当处理器工电机作时间达到设定值后切断电机供电直至遥控接受到工作信号，例如，设定专用控制器的工作时间S，当其工作时 间超过时间S时，则通过中央处理器U1控制切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2。
专用控制器的遥控功能，其通过遥控模块接受遥控器给的信号来控制处理器的工作和停机，客户也可以通过按控制器表面单按键来控制电机的工作与停机；即其是通过遥控模块接收遥控器给的信号来控制其工作启动和工作停机。
并且，CPU U1还检测双向可控硅开关Q1第三脚信号，通过双向可控硅开关Q1第三脚信号判断热保护FR是否短路，是则中央处理器U1控制切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2；其中，电机工作时CPU U1通过检测双向可控硅开关Q1的第三脚信号来确定电机工作时热保FR因为过热断路与否，如短路，CPU U1通过控制切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2来切断电机电源；从而实现专用控制器的自动断路检测电路。
并且，专用控制器还设置有继电器自动灭弧及防震电路：CPU U1通过控制双向可控硅开关Q2和双刀双掷继电器K1的时序控制实现双刀双掷继电器K1的预通，例如，在切换双刀双掷继电器K1后，再延时一段时间接通双向可控硅开关Q2，如延时200-300毫秒，从而实现继电器自动灭弧及防震功能。
如图2和3所示，专用控制器的所述壳体结构20包括有与所述遥控电路对应的遥控接收信号灯201，分别与所述电源电路对应的电源指示灯/工作指示灯202、电源插件203，电源插件203设置在专用控制器的一侧，并插入电源插座上来接通专用控制器电源，遥控接收信号灯201、电源指示灯/工作指示灯202，设置在专用控制器的另一侧，对专用控制器的遥控信号接收和工作状态起指示作用。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种家庭厨余垃圾处理器的专用控制器，包括壳体结构和电路结构，其特征在于：
    其中，电路结构包括：
    用于控制电机副绕组SW换向的双刀双掷继电器K1；
    用于分别控制双刀双掷继电器K1及电机副绕组SW通断的双向可控硅开关Q2和用于控制电机运行主绕组RW通断的双向可控硅开关Q2；
    通过双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2、以及双刀双掷继电器K1来控制电机启动和运转、上电自动反转、遇堵自动反转的中央处理器U1。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的专用控制器，其特征在于，双向可控硅开关Q1与中央处理器U1之间还设置光电耦合器U3；并且，双向可控硅开关Q2与中央处理器U1之间还设置光电耦合器U2。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的专用控制器，其特征在于，还包括一与中央处理器U1连接的遥控电路和电源电路。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的专用控制器，其特征在于，所述壳体结构包括有与所述遥控电路对应的遥控接收信号灯，分别与所述电源电路对应的电源指示灯/工作指示灯、电源插件。
  5. 一种使用权1-4任一专用控制器来控制家庭厨余垃圾处理器的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1：根据记录的上次K1的状态来更换双刀双掷继电器K1的状态，延时200-300毫秒后，接通双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2，实现电机的启动，并记录双刀双掷继电器K1的状态，电机启动完成后切断双向可控硅开关Q2，电机正常运转；
    S2：电机正常运转时，中央处理器U1检测电机副绕组SW的电压，判断其电压Vsw是否低于设定的阈值，是则执行步骤S3，否则执行步骤S4；
    S3：通过CPU U1切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2，实现电机停机后，再返回执行步骤S1；
    S4：返回执行步骤S2。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，还设定步骤S3执行的次数N，当步骤S3的次数超过设定值N时，则中央处理器U1控制切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2，实现电机停机断电。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中，中央处理器U1还检测双向可控硅开关Q1第三脚信号，通过双向可控硅开关Q1第三脚信号判断热保护FR是否短路，是则中央处理器U1控制切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2，实现电机停机断电。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在步骤S1之前，还设定专用控制器的工作时间S，当其工作时间超过时间S时，则通过中央处理器U1控制切断双向可控硅开关Q1和双向可控硅开关Q2，实现电机停机断电。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，其是通过遥控模块接收遥控器给的信号来控制其工作启动和工作停机。
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