WO2018209804A1 - 一种可配置式新型高压电能表 - Google Patents

一种可配置式新型高压电能表 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018209804A1
WO2018209804A1 PCT/CN2017/094052 CN2017094052W WO2018209804A1 WO 2018209804 A1 WO2018209804 A1 WO 2018209804A1 CN 2017094052 W CN2017094052 W CN 2017094052W WO 2018209804 A1 WO2018209804 A1 WO 2018209804A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
voltage
electric energy
energy meter
guiding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/094052
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱亚军
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珠海市科荟电器有限公司
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Application filed by 珠海市科荟电器有限公司 filed Critical 珠海市科荟电器有限公司
Publication of WO2018209804A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018209804A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
    • G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
    • G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
    • G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
    • G01R22/063—Details of electronic electricity meters related to remote communication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
    • G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
    • G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
    • G01R22/065—Details of electronic electricity meters related to mechanical aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
    • G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
    • G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
    • G01R22/066—Arrangements for avoiding or indicating fraudulent use

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electric energy metering equipment, in particular to a novel high-voltage electric energy meter which can be configured with different functions of 10KV or above.
  • the high-voltage electric energy meter is a necessary metering device between the transmission unit and the distribution unit, and its development potential is huge. However, due to the trade settlement between the two parties, its accuracy and long-term work stability are of great significance.
  • the high-voltage electric energy meter is a metering device that adopts a high-voltage, high-current direct-in mode. Because the high-voltage electric energy meter is directly connected to the high-voltage system, in addition to the basic function of directly measuring the electric energy on the high-voltage side, it also has the following advantages:
  • sampling transformer and the metering module are integrated to avoid the secondary pressure drop phenomenon occurring in the secondary metering mode, and the metering precision is high.
  • sampling transformer and the metering module are integrated to avoid the problems of complicated wiring and inconvenient maintenance in the secondary metering mode, which reduces the working cost and reduces the probability of failure.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a new high-voltage electric energy meter capable of configuring different functions of the metering module cycle verification on the high voltage side, that is, completing the voltage and current collection and measurement and completing the metering module periodic verification in the non-power-off state. .
  • a configurable new high-voltage electric energy meter includes a base, a voltage current sampling module disposed on the base, and a chassis, wherein a main control circuit board is disposed in the chassis, and at least one of the main control circuit board is disposed a bus port socket, wherein the at least one bus port socket is configured to correspondingly cooperate with the at least one function module box in an uninterruptible state, and at least one of the at least one function module box is a metering module.
  • the voltage and current sampling module is arranged on the base to be connected with the high voltage, and the chassis is arranged on the lower side of the base.
  • the main control circuit board is arranged in the chassis, and the function module guiding slot corresponding to the bus port socket is arranged in the chassis, and the bus port socket is arranged in the socket.
  • a function module box having different functions is configured, wherein at least one function module box is a metering module for measuring power consumption, and the function module box can be connected in real time after being inserted into the bus port socket through the function module guiding slot.
  • the module box is connected to the main control circuit board.
  • the MCU on the main control circuit board can automatically identify the type of the inserted function module box and perform corresponding circuit connection.
  • the metering module is under the control of the MCU, and its sampling circuit and voltage current
  • the sampling module is connected to obtain information such as voltage, current, phase and the like on the high voltage side, and finally obtains the required energy metering information; in addition, in the non-power-off state, the bus port socket is pluggably coupled with different functions.
  • Function module box in which the metering module can also be plugged and unplugged in the non-power-off state, no power failure is required during the verification period It can realize the verification or replacement and maintenance of the metering module, which not only solves the problem of tampering by changing the metering line on the low-voltage side, but also eliminates the need for power failure, and completes the voltage and current collection and measurement on the high-voltage side;
  • first insert a qualified spare metering module take over the function of the original metering module after the module is identified under the control of the MCU on the main control board, and then remove the original metering module for verification. After the verification is completed, the power is inserted again.
  • the metering function of the standby metering module is replaced and the metering data exchange is completed, and then the spare metering module is removed; or another higher precision level is used.
  • the standard metering module is inserted into any bus socket in the chassis, and under the control of the MCU on the main control circuit board, the data is compared with the original metering module in the chassis to obtain the meter used in the energy meter. The accuracy level of the module.
  • each of the functional module boxes is provided with a circuit board, a gold finger integrated with the circuit board, and a plurality of locking protrusions disposed outside the box of the function module box, and are disposed on the function module.
  • the end of the insulating rod is provided with a clamping device that cooperates with the buckle, the clamping device quickly snaps into the buckle and supports the functional module box to quickly insert the function
  • the module is guided in the slot or pulled out from the guiding slot of the functional module.
  • the above solution can be seen that the function module and the bus port socket are connected and separated by pushing up or pulling down the function module box provided by the clamping device provided on the high-voltage insulating rod, so that no personnel need to be close or power-off operation is required, and the current solution is solved.
  • the existing problem of stealing electricity on the low-voltage side by changing the metering line does not require power failure, and the voltage and current collection and measurement is completed on the high-voltage side; when the cycle check is performed, there is no need to power-off, and a qualified metering module is inserted first.
  • the function of the original measurement module is taken over, and then the original measurement module is removed for verification, and then the power is inserted after completion, under the control of the MCU on the main control circuit board.
  • the data is compared with the original metering module in the chassis to obtain the energy meter.
  • Accuracy class metering module used for online verification HV Energy Meter, which greatly facilitates the quality control personnel.
  • a guiding portion is disposed at the slot of the guiding slot of the functional module, and the guiding portion has an outer large inner shape, and a plurality of locking grooves and a plurality of guiding portions are disposed on the inner wall of the guiding slot of the functional module.
  • a slot, the locking groove is an arc-shaped groove, and after the functional module box is inserted into the guiding slot of the functional module, the locking groove is in tight engagement with the locking protrusion, the guiding slot Guided engagement with the guiding ribs.
  • the lower end of the function module guiding groove is provided with a guiding portion, which can facilitate the rapid identification of the function module box and quickly insert into the guiding channel of the function module, which greatly facilitates the work.
  • the operation of the personnel also reduces the labor intensity; the locking groove and the locking
  • the paired arrangement of the protrusions enables the function module box to stably fit in the guiding groove of the function module, avoiding the phenomenon that the function module box is dropped, ensuring the stability and safety of the device; in addition, the arrangement of the guiding groove and the guiding rib, The gold finger on the function module box is accurately and quickly aligned with the bus port socket on the main control circuit board, thereby realizing the effectiveness of the connection between the two and ensuring the service life of the device.
  • the bus and the control board are further provided with an MCU, a power module, a transformer online detection module, a display module and a Bluetooth communication module, wherein the power module receives power from the high voltage side by the voltage current sampling module, and outputs DC12V, DC5V, DC3.3V voltage, power supply for other modules and the bus port socket; the transformer online detection module performs periodic accuracy detection on the sampling voltage and current transformer, and sends the detection result to the bus.
  • the display module displays the measurement result of the high-voltage electric energy meter;
  • the Bluetooth communication module transmits the measurement data, the port status, and the online information of the high-voltage electric energy meter to the peripheral terminal, and receives the on-site operator to open and close Instructions for high-voltage energy meter box doors.
  • the number of the bus port socket and the function module guiding slot are set to four, and the four bus port sockets are respectively equipped with a metering module, a remote communication module and a remote communication interface module
  • the remote communication module includes but is not limited to a GPRS module, a micro power wireless module, an infrared meter reading module or a carrier communication module
  • the remote communication interface module includes but is not limited to a fiber optic cable communication interface, a network interface or an RS485 interface.
  • the above solution shows that the number of the bus port socket and the function module guiding slot can be determined according to actual conditions, and is not limited to four.
  • the setting of the remote communication module and the remote communication interface can realize remote transmission and measurement of electric energy data. , no manual presence, greatly reducing the cost of measurement.
  • bus port receptacle is a slot jack.
  • the use of the slot socket and the gold finger on the function module box can greatly improve the accuracy and stability of the function module insertion.
  • the box door is sealingly mated with the chassis by an electronic lead seal.
  • the electronic lead seal is a device for preventing unrelated personnel from opening the box. When the function module box is inserted and removed, the corresponding authority must be obtained, and then the electronic lead seal is triggered to open the box door for corresponding operation, thereby further Improve security.
  • the clamping device includes a support groove adapted to the casing of the functional module case and two clamping nails oppositely disposed at the bottom of the support groove, each of the clamping pins being provided with a cylinder a beveling surface, a spring sleeve portion and a tip end, wherein the two opposite clamping pins are respectively movably engaged with the wall holes formed in the bottom side wall of the support groove, and the end portions are exposed at the periphery of the bottom of the support groove.
  • a spring is sleeved on the spring sleeve portion, one end of the spring abuts against a cylindrical end of the cylindrical inclined surface, and the other end abuts against a sidewall of the bottom of the support groove, the spring is in a compressed state, and is pulled At the end, the clamping pin moves outward.
  • the buckles on the function module box are fastened by the two clamping nails disposed oppositely, and when the buckle is buckled, the cylindrical slope of the fastening nail faces the buckle, under the action of the buckle thrust, The clamping pin moves outward, and the function module box is buckled into the support slot and clamped by the clamping pin, so that the function module box can be pulled down from the function module guiding slot; when the function module box is locked into the function module
  • the high-voltage insulating rod needs to be removed after the groove, the cylindrical inclined surface of the clamping nail faces the pulling direction of the high-voltage insulating rod, and when the high-voltage insulating rod is pulled hard, the buckle is released from the clamping nail, thereby the function module box and the high voltage
  • the insulating rod is separated, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.
  • the high-voltage insulating rod is a telescopic rod which is sequentially disposed with a multi-section rod body.
  • the high-speed insulating rod is made by using a telescopic rod, which is convenient for shortening the length of the whole rod and improving its portability.
  • Figure 1 is a simplified schematic view of the first perspective of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a simplified schematic view of the second perspective of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a simplified schematic view of the third perspective of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the high-voltage insulating rod
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the holding device
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the clip portion in the holding device
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a simplified structure of a first view of the functional module box
  • Figure 8 is a simplified schematic diagram of a second view of the functional module box
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a simple structure of a first viewing angle of the guiding slot of the functional module
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a simple structure of a second viewing angle of the guiding slot of the functional module
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a circuit schematic diagram of a voltage transformer portion in a voltage current sampling module
  • Figure 13 is a circuit schematic diagram of a current transformer portion of a voltage current sampling module
  • Figure 14 is a circuit schematic diagram of an external power supply portion of the voltage and current sampling module
  • Figure 15 is a circuit schematic diagram of an AD signal conversion portion in the metering module
  • Figure 16 is a circuit diagram of the portion A in Figure 15;
  • Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of part B in Figure 15;
  • Figure 19 is a circuit schematic diagram of a control portion of the metering module
  • Figure 20 is a circuit schematic diagram of a power supply portion of the metering module
  • 21 is a circuit schematic diagram of a 485 interface in the metering module
  • 22 is a schematic diagram of a 485 signal isolation circuit in the metering module
  • Figure 24 is a circuit schematic diagram of a CAN bus communication portion on the main control circuit board
  • Figure 25 is a circuit schematic diagram of a CAN bus control portion on the main control circuit board
  • Figure 26 is a circuit schematic diagram of the power supply portion of the main control circuit board
  • Figure 27 is a circuit schematic diagram of an infrared receiving and transmitting portion on the main control circuit board
  • FIG. 28 is a circuit schematic diagram of the electronic seal (RFID) portion
  • 29 is a circuit schematic diagram of a portion where the main control circuit board and the voltage current sampling module are connected;
  • FIG. 30 is a circuit schematic diagram of the display module (LCD).
  • 31 is a circuit schematic diagram of three parts of the signal on the main control circuit board being switched between the bus port sockets through the slot type photocoupler relay;
  • 32 is a circuit schematic diagram of the other two portions of the signal on the main control board being switched between the bus port sockets by the slot type photocoupler relay;
  • Figure 33 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the relay switching current circuit of Figure 31;
  • Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the relay switching current circuit of Figure 32;
  • Figure 35 is a circuit schematic of the slots in the three bus port sockets
  • Figure 36 is a circuit schematic of the slots in the other two bus port sockets.
  • the present invention includes a base 1, a voltage and current sampling module 2 disposed on an upper side of the base 1, and a chassis 3 provided on a lower side of the base 1 and having a box door 20,
  • the door 20 is sealingly engaged with the casing 3 by an electronic lead seal 13.
  • a bus and a control board 4 are disposed in the chassis 3, and the main control circuit board 4 is further provided with an MCU, a power module 9, a transformer online detection module 10, a display module 11, and a Bluetooth communication module 12, and the power supply
  • the module 9 is powered by the voltage and current sampling module 2 from the high voltage side, and outputs voltages of DC12V, DC5V, and DC3.3V to supply power to other modules and the bus port socket 5;
  • the transformer online detection module 10 performs online sampling.
  • the voltage and current transformers perform periodic accuracy detection, and send the detection result to the bus to receive the data request at any time;
  • the display module 11 displays the measurement result of the high voltage electric energy meter; and the Bluetooth communication module 12 measures the measurement data of the high voltage electric energy meter.
  • the port status and online information are sent to the peripheral terminal.
  • the bus and control board 4 is further provided with at least one bus port socket 5, the bus port socket 5 is a slot type socket, and the chassis 3 is provided with multiple functions corresponding to each bus port socket 5 respectively.
  • the module guides the guide groove 6.
  • the guiding slot on the bus port socket 5 is detachably fitted with a functional module box 7, and the functional module guiding slot 6 serves as a guide and a limit during the plugging and unplugging process of the function module box 7. effect.
  • the functional module boxes 7 on which the guide slots are mated on the bus port socket 5 at least one of the function module boxes 7 is a metering module.
  • the number of the bus port socket 5 and the bus port socket 5 guiding slot are set to four (of course, this number of settings may be determined according to actual conditions, when more functions are needed. When the module box is used, the number of its settings will be correspondingly increased. If less function module boxes are used, the number of bus port sockets 5 and the function module guiding slots 6 are correspondingly reduced, and the four bus port sockets are correspondingly reduced.
  • the upper guiding slots are respectively equipped with a metering module, a remote communication module and a remote communication interface module
  • the remote communication module includes but is not limited to a GPRS module, a micro power wireless module, an infrared meter reading module or a carrier communication module
  • the remote communication interface Modules include, but are not limited to, fiber optic cable communication interfaces, network interfaces, or RS485 interfaces.
  • Each of the functional module boxes 7 is provided with a circuit board, a gold finger 71 integrated with the circuit board, and a plurality of outer sides of the box body disposed on the functional module box 7.
  • a locking protrusion 72 a plurality of guiding ribs 73 disposed outside the casing of the function module box 7, and a buckle 74 disposed at an outer end of the box of the function module box 7, the gold finger 71 being exposed The outside of the box of the function module box 7.
  • the function module box 7 is quickly inserted and removed by a high-voltage insulating rod 8 and the function module guiding groove 6, and the high-voltage insulating rod 8 is a telescopic rod which is sequentially disposed with a multi-section rod body.
  • a clamping device is provided, the clamping device comprising a supporting groove 14 adapted to the casing of the functional module casing 7, and oppositely disposed at the bottom of the supporting groove 14.
  • each of the clamping pins 15 is provided with a cylindrical inclined surface 151, a spring sleeve portion 152 and a tip end 153, and the opposite two clamping pins 15 are respectively movably engaged in the supporting groove a wall hole is formed in the bottom side wall of the bottom portion, the end portion 153 is exposed at the outer periphery of the bottom of the support groove 14.
  • the spring sleeve portion 152 is sleeved with a spring 16, and one end of the spring 16 abuts the At the cylindrical end of the cylindrical bevel 151, the other end abuts against the side wall of the bottom of the support groove 14, the spring 16 is in a compressed state, and when the end 153 is pulled, the clamping pin 15 moves outward.
  • the clamping device cooperates with the buckle 74, the clamping device quickly snaps into the buckle 74 and supports the functional module box 7 to be quickly inserted into the functional module guiding slot 6 or from the The function module is pulled out in the guide groove 6.
  • a guiding portion 61 is disposed at the notch of the guiding groove 6 of the functional module, and the guiding portion 61 has a large outer small shape, that is, a bell mouth shape, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.
  • a plurality of locking grooves 62 and a plurality of guiding grooves 63 are provided on the inner wall of the guiding slot 6 of the functional module.
  • the locking groove 62 is an arc-shaped groove, and the functional module box 7 is inserted into the functional module. After the slot 6 , the locking groove 62 is in a tightly engaged with the locking protrusion 72 , and the guiding groove 63 is in guiding engagement with the guiding rib 73 .
  • the invention is generally installed on a high-voltage electric pole.
  • the operation of opening the casing, inserting and removing the function module box, etc. must be performed by means of a high-voltage insulating rod, which is a retractable hand-held tool, mainly in Close or pull the high-voltage isolating switch, install and remove the portable grounding wire, and use it for measurement and testing.
  • the bus and control part are set on the main control circuit board in the chassis, and the bus and control part will automatically judge, and a measurement module with normal function and inserted later is selected as the measurement module of the high-voltage electric energy meter.
  • the box door of the chassis faces downward, which is convenient for opening, closing, and plugging and unplugging the function module box.
  • the box door can also be opened on the side to facilitate the insertion and removal of the function module box in the horizontal position.
  • the bus and control board will automatically determine the type of module that is connected to the bus and give a status indication.
  • the high-voltage electric energy meter of the invention can communicate with the main station by means of GPRS, optical cable, etc., and upload various information required by the main station.
  • the high-voltage electric energy meter of the invention can communicate with the on-site operator through micro-power wireless module, far-infrared, RS485 and other communication modes to realize functions such as on-site maintenance and instant meter reading.
  • the various metering data of the high-voltage electric energy meter of the present invention and the working state of each functional module can be sent to the handheld terminal through the Bluetooth module.
  • the voltage and current sampling module 2 is composed of a voltage transformer PT and a current transformer CT. The primary side is connected to AC10kV, and the secondary end outputs an AC voltage and current signal required by the metering module.
  • the bus and control board are composed of bus control chip, clock circuit, various control and protection circuits, and main control circuit board.
  • the main functions are as follows: clock signal is provided for each bus port socket; the status of each bus port socket is detected at any time, and the current is controlled.
  • the protection and access of the transformer CT output protection circuit ensures that when the metering module is inserted or the metering module fails, the CT output of the current transformer is in a short-circuit state; the status of each bus port socket is detected at any time, when a module is inserted, Identify the module type and give the corresponding status indicator light and sound prompt.
  • the bus port socket (1-n) is a standard bus socket with the same structure and the same number of bits, and supports hot swap.
  • Each port of the bus contains but is not limited to the following signals:
  • the module inserts the identification signal; the serial port sends the signal TX, the serial port receives the signal RX; the clock signal.
  • the invention is applied to the field of electric energy metering equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种在高压侧即完成电压电流采集计量且在非停电状态下即可完成高压电能表周期检定的可配置不同功能的新型高压电能表，应用于电能计量设备领域，包括底座(1)、设置在底座(1)上侧的电压电流采样模块(2)和设置于底座(1)下侧且带有箱门(20)的机箱(3)，在机箱(3)内设置有总线及控制板(4)，总线及控制板(4)上设置有至少一个总线端口插座(5)，总线端口插座上设置有功能模块导向槽(6)，在非停电状态下，在功能模块导向槽(6)内可插拔地配合有功能模块盒(7)，在功能模块导向槽(6)内配合的所有功能模块盒(7)中，至少有一块功能模块盒(7)为计量模块。

Description

一种可配置式新型高压电能表 技术领域
本发明涉及电能计量设备领域，特别涉及一种适用于10KV或以上的可配置不同功能的新型高压电能表。
背景技术
随着国家电力改革的深入开展，发电、输电、配电分离已确定为一个基本方向，高压电能表作为输电单位和配电单位之间的一个必备计量装置，其发展潜力巨大。但因涉及到两方之间的贸易结算，其准确度、长期工作稳定性意义重大。高压电能表是一种采用高电压、大电流直接入方式的计量装置。因高压电能表直接接入高压系统，除了直接在高压侧计量电能的基本功能外，还具有如下优点：
1、防止窃电行为。因为一般的窃电过程均发生在低压侧，即二次线路中，高压侧动手脚会冒相当大的风险，危及其人身安全。
2、采样互感器与计量模块为一体，避免二次计量方式中出现的二次压降现象，计量精度高。
3、采样互感器与计量模块为一体，避免二次计量方式中出现的接线复杂、维护不方便等问题，降低了工作成本、减少了故障发生的几率。
虽然如此，但目前市面上的高压电能表还存在如下问题：
1、按照国家计量法相关规定，对涉及贸易结算的计量器具，必须定时进行周期检定，确保其功能正常、精度在合格范围内。如果对高压电能表每年进行检定，就必须停电进行，对用户来说，频繁停电，难以接受。
2、高压电能表如果出现技术故障、或是需要进行技术升级，也必须要停电方可实施，非常不方便。
以上问题，尤其是第一点，影响了高压电能表的有效推广及应用。所以目前大部分还是采用高压侧接电压/电流互感器，将高电压、大电流变为低电压、小电流，然后接二次计量仪表进行计量的方式。正如上所述，这种方式还是会出现窃电、二次压降影响计量精度等现象。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种在高压侧即完成电压电流采集计量且在非停电状态下即可完成计量模块周期检定的可配置不同功能的新型高压电能表。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种可配置式新型高压电能表，包括底座、设置在所述底座上的电压电流采样模块和机箱，在所述机箱内设置有主控电路板，所述主控电路板上设置有至少一个总线端口插座，所述至少一个总线端口插座用于在不断电状态下以可插拔的方式对应配合至少一个功能模块盒，且所述至少一个功能模块盒中，至少一个为计量模块。
在底座上设置电压电流采样模块与高压电连接，在底座的下侧设置机箱，机箱内设置主控电路板，机箱内设有与总线端口插座对应的功能模块导向槽，且在总线端口插座内配置具有不同功能的功能模块盒，其中至少有一个功能模块盒为计量模块，以计量用电量，在将功能模块盒通过功能模块导向槽插入总线端口插座上后即可实时连通所述功能模块盒与主控电路板相连接，主控电路板上的MCU可自动识别所插入的功能模块盒的类型，并进行相应的电路连接，计量模块在MCU的控制下，其采样电路和电压电流采样模块相连通，进而获得高压侧电压、电流、相位等信息，最后得到所需要的电能计量信息；另外，在非停电状态下，在所述总线端口插座内可插拔地配合具有不同功能的功能模块盒，其中的计量模块亦可在非停电状态下插拔，在检定周期内无需停电即可实现计量模块的检定或更换与维护，既解决了目前所存在的在低压侧通过改动计量线路进行窃电的的问题，又无需停电，在高压侧即完成电压电流采集计量；当进行周期检定时，无需停电，先插入一只检定合格的备用计量模块，在主控电路板上的MCU的控制下完成模块识别后接管原有计量模块的功能，然后将原有计量模块取下进行检定，完成检定后再带电插入，在主控电路板上的MCU的控制下，取代备用计量模块的计量功能并完成计量数据交换，然后取下备用计量模块即可；或者用另一块更高精度等级的标准计量模块插入机箱内任一总线插座上，在主控电路板上的MCU的控制下，和机箱内原有的计量模块进行数据比较运算，即可获得在电能表中使用的计量 模块的精度等级。
进一步地，每块所述功能模块盒上设置有电路板、与所述电路板一体的金手指、设置在所述功能模块盒的盒体外侧的若干锁紧凸起、设置于所述功能模块盒的盒体外侧的若干导向凸棱以及设置在所述功能模块盒的盒体外端的卡扣，所述功能模块盒通过一高压绝缘棒与所述总线端口插座进行快速插拔，在所述高压绝缘棒的端部设置有夹持装置，所述夹持装置与所述卡扣相配合，所述夹持装置快速地卡入所述卡扣并支撑所述功能模块盒快速地插入所述功能模块导向槽内或从所述功能模块导向槽内拔出。
上述方案可见，利用高压绝缘棒上设置的夹持装置向上推或向下拉动所述功能模块盒即实现功能模块与总线端口插座的连接与分离，无需人员靠近也无需停电操作，既解决了目前所存在的在低压侧通过改动计量线路进行窃电的问题，又无需停电，在高压侧即完成电压电流采集计量；当进行周期检定时，无需停电，先插入一只检定合格的备用计量模块，在主控电路板上的MCU控制下完成模块识别后接管原有计量模块的功能，然后将原有计量模块取下进行检定，完成后再带电插入，在主控电路板上的MCU的控制下，取代备用计量模块的计量功能并完成计量数据交换，然后取下备用计量模块即可；或者用另一块更高精度等级的标准计量模块插入机箱内任一总线插座上，在主控电路板上的MCU的控制下，和机箱内原有的计量模块进行数据比较运算，获得在电能表中使用的计量模块的精度等级，实现高压电能表的在线检定，大大地方便了检定人员。
再进一步地，所述功能模块导向槽的槽口处设置有导向部，所述导向部呈外大内小状，在所述功能模块导向槽的内壁上设置有若干锁紧凹槽和若干导向槽，所述锁紧凹槽为弧状凹槽，在所述功能模块盒插入所述功能模块导向槽后，所述锁紧凹槽与所述锁紧凸起相卡紧配合，所述导向槽与所述导向凸棱相导向配合。
上述方案可见，由于高压绝缘棒的长度较长，将功能模块导向槽的下端设置导向部，其可便于功能模块盒迅速地找准并快速地插入到功能模块导向槽内，大大地方便了工作人员的操作，也降低了劳动强度；锁紧凹槽和锁紧 凸起的配对设置，能够使得功能模块盒稳定地配合在功能模块导向槽内，避免功能模块盒掉落的现象出现，保证设备稳定性和安全性；此外，导向槽和导向凸棱的设置，使得功能模块盒上的金手指精确顺利快速地对准主控电路板上的总线端口插座，实现两者连通的有效性，也保证了设备的使用寿命。
再进一步地，所述总线及控制板上还设置有MCU、电源模块、互感器在线检测模块、显示模块及蓝牙通信模块，所述电源模块由所述电压电流采样模块从高压侧取电，输出DC12V、DC5V、DC3.3V的电压，为其它模块及所述总线端口插座供电；所述互感器在线检测模块在线对采样电压及电流互感器进行定期精度检测，并将检测结果发送到总线上，随时接受数据请求；所述显示模块显示高压电能表的计量结果；所述蓝牙通信模块将高压电能表的计量数据、端口状态、在线信息发送到外围终端上，并接收现场操做人员开启及闭合高压电能表箱门的指令。上述方案可见，本发明利用主控电路板上设置的模块，实现电压电流测量参数的可视化监测且利用蓝牙通信模块进行数据的传输，无需人员到现场进行检测，保证了工作人员的安全。
又再进一步地，所述总线端口插座和所述功能模块导向槽的数目均设置为四个，所述四个总线端口插座内分别配合有计量模块、远程通信模块和远程通信接口模块，所述远程通信模块包括但不限于GPRS模块、微功率无线模块、红外抄表模块或载波通信模块，所述远程通信接口模块包括但不限于光缆通信接口、网络接口或RS485接口。
上述方案可见，所述总线端口插座和所述功能模块导向槽的数目可根据实际情况而定，并不限定为四个，远程通信模块和远程通信接口的设置，能够实现电能数据远程传输和测量，无需人工到场进行，大大地降低了测量成本。
另外，所述总线端口插座为插槽式插座。采用插槽式插座与功能模块盒上的金手指相配合能够大大地提高功能模块插接的准确性及稳定性。
再进一步地，所述箱门与所述机箱通过电子铅封密封配合。而电子铅封是为了防止无关人员开箱操作的装置，在进行功能模块盒插拔时，必须要取得相应权限，然后触发电子铅封，方可打开箱门进行相应操作，从而进一步 提高安全性。
此外，所述夹持装置包括与所述功能模块盒的盒体相适配的支撑槽及相对地设置在所述支撑槽底部的两个卡紧钉，每个所述卡紧钉设置有圆柱斜面、弹簧套设部以及端头，相对的两个所述卡紧钉分别活动配合在所述支撑槽底部侧壁上开设的壁孔处，所述端头露出在所述支撑槽底部外围，所述弹簧套设部处套设有弹簧，所述弹簧的一端抵在所述圆柱斜面的圆柱端处，另一端抵在所述支撑槽底部的侧壁处，所述弹簧处于压缩状态，拉动所述端头时，所述卡紧钉向外移动。
上述方案可见，利用相对设置的两个卡紧钉对功能模块盒上的卡扣扣紧，在将卡扣扣入时，卡紧钉的圆柱斜面朝向卡扣，在卡扣的推力作用下，卡紧钉向外移动，功能模块盒扣入支撑槽内并被所述卡紧钉卡紧，即可将功能模块盒从功能模块导向槽上拉下；当将功能模块盒卡入功能模块导向槽后需要取下所述高压绝缘棒时，卡紧钉的圆柱斜面朝向高压绝缘棒的拉动方向，在用力拉动高压绝缘棒时，卡扣从卡紧钉内脱出，从而将功能模块盒与高压绝缘棒分离，其结构简单，操作方便，在扣入或取出功能模块盒时，只需要将卡紧钉旋转180°的角度即可。
进一步地，所述高压绝缘棒为具有多节杆体依次套设的伸缩杆。采用伸缩杆来制作高压绝缘棒，其便于缩短整杆的长度，提高其便携性。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一视角的简易结构示意图；
图2是本发明第二视角的简易结构示意图；
图3是本发明第三视角的简易结构示意图；
图4是所述高压绝缘棒的简易结构示意图；
图5是所述夹持装置的简易结构示意图；
图6是所述夹持装置内的卡紧钉部分的简易结构示意图；
图7是所述功能模块盒第一视角的简易结构示意图；
图8是所述功能模块盒第二视角的简易结构示意图；
图9是所述功能模块导向槽第一视角的简易结构示意图；
图10是所述功能模块导向槽第二视角的简易结构示意图；
图11是本发明的电路原理框图；
图12是电压电流采样模块中的电压互感器部分的电路原理图；
图13是电压电流采样模块中的电流互感器部分的电路原理图；
图14是电压电流采样模块中的外部供电电源部分的电路原理图；
图15是所述计量模块中的AD信号转换部分的电路原理图；
图16图15中A部分的电路原理图；
图17图15中B部分的电路原理图；
图18是所述主控电路板插槽接口的电路原理图；
图19是所述计量模块中的控制部分的电路原理图；
图20是所述计量模块中电源部分的电路原理图；
图21是所述计量模块中的485接口的电路原理图；
图22是所述计量模块中的485信号隔离电路原理图；
图23是所述主控电路板上的MCU控制部分的电路原理图；
图24是所述主控电路板上的CAN总线通讯部分的电路原理图；
图25是所述主控电路板上的CAN总线控制部分的电路原理图；
图26是所述主控电路板电源部分的电路原理图；
图27是与所述主控电路板上的红外接收与发射部分的电路原理图；
图28是所述电子铅封(RFID)部分的电路原理图；
图29是所述主控电路板与所述电压电流采样模块连接部分的电路原理图；
图30是所述显示模块(LCD)的电路原理图；
图31是所述主控电路板上的信号在总线端口插座之间通过槽型光耦继电器切换的其中三个部分的电路原理图；
图32是所述主控电路板上的信号在总线端口插座之间通过槽型光耦继电器切换的另外两个部分的电路原理图；
图33是图31中的继电器切换电流电路部分的原理图；
图34是图32中的继电器切换电流电路部分的原理图；
图35是三个总线端口插座中的插槽的电路原理图；
图36是另外两个总线端口插座中的插槽的电路原理图。
具体实施方式
如图1至图36所示，本发明包括底座1、设置在所述底座1上侧的电压电流采样模块2、设置于所述底座1下侧且带有箱门20的机箱3，所述箱门20与所述机箱3通过电子铅封13密封配合。在所述机箱3内设置有总线及控制板4，所述主控电路板4上还设置有MCU、电源模块9、互感器在线检测模块10、显示模块11及蓝牙通信模块12，所述电源模块9由所述电压电流采样模块2从高压侧取电，输出DC12V、DC5V、DC3.3V的电压，为其它模块及所述总线端口插座5供电；所述互感器在线检测模块10在线对采样电压及电流互感器进行定期精度检测，并将检测结果发送到总线上，随时接受数据请求；所述显示模块11显示高压电能表的计量结果；所述蓝牙通信模块12将高压电能表的计量数据、端口状态、在线信息发送到外围终端上。所述总线及控制板4上还设置有至少一个总线端口插座5，所述总线端口插座5为插槽式插座，所述机箱3内设置有分别与每一总线端口插座5对应的多个功能模块导向导向槽6。在非停电状态下，在所述总线端口插座5上导向槽可插拔地配合有功能模块盒7，所述功能模块导向槽6在功能模块盒7的插拔过程中起到导向和限位作用。在所述总线端口插座5上导向槽配合的所有所述功能模块盒7中，至少有一块所述功能模块盒7为计量模块。
在本实施例中，所述总线端口插座5和所述总线端口插座5导向槽的数目均设置为四个(当然，这一数目的设置可根据实际情况而定，当需要使用较多的功能模块盒时，其设置的数量会相应地增加，如使用较少的功能模块盒时，则相应地减少总线端口插座5和所述功能模块导向槽6的数目)，四个所述总线端口插座5上导向槽分别配合有计量模块、远程通信模块和远程通信接口模块，所述远程通信模块包括但不限于GPRS模块、微功率无线模块、红外抄表模块或载波通信模块，所述远程通信接口模块包括但不限于光缆通信接口、网络接口或RS485接口。每块所述功能模块盒7上设置有电路板、与所述电路板一体的金手指71、设置在所述功能模块盒7的盒体外侧的若干 锁紧凸起72、设置于所述功能模块盒7的盒体外侧的若干导向凸棱73以及设置在所述功能模块盒7的盒体外端的卡扣74，所述金手指71露出于所述功能模块盒7的盒体外部。
所述功能模块盒7通过一高压绝缘棒8与所述功能模块导向槽6进行快速插拔，所述高压绝缘棒8为具有多节杆体依次套设的伸缩杆。在所述高压绝缘棒8的端部设置有夹持装置，所述夹持装置包括与所述功能模块盒7的盒体相适配的支撑槽14及相对地设置在所述支撑槽14底部的两个卡紧钉15，每个所述卡紧钉15设置有圆柱斜面151、弹簧套设部152以及端头153，相对的两个所述卡紧钉15分别活动配合在所述支撑槽14底部侧壁上开设的壁孔处，所述端头153露出在所述支撑槽14底部外围，所述弹簧套设部152处套设有弹簧16，所述弹簧16的一端抵在所述圆柱斜面151的圆柱端处，另一端抵在所述支撑槽14底部的侧壁处，所述弹簧16处于压缩状态，拉动所述端头153时，所述卡紧钉15向外移动。所述夹持装置与所述卡扣74相配合，所述夹持装置快速地卡入所述卡扣74并支撑所述功能模块盒7快速地插入所述功能模块导向槽6内或从所述功能模块导向槽6内拔出。
所述功能模块导向槽6的槽口处设置有导向部61，所述导向部61呈外大内小状，即呈喇叭口状，如图9和图10所示。在所述功能模块导向槽6的内壁上设置有若干锁紧凹槽62和若干导向槽63，所述锁紧凹槽62为弧状凹槽，在所述功能模块盒7插入所述功能模块导向槽6后，所述锁紧凹槽62与所述锁紧凸起72相卡紧配合，所述导向槽63与所述导向凸棱73相导向配合。
本发明一般安装在高压电线杆上，在不停电的情况下，打开机箱、插拔功能模块盒等操做必须借助于高压绝缘棒进行，高压绝缘棒是一种可伸缩的手持工具，主要在闭合或拉开高压隔离开关，装拆携带式接地线，以及进行测量和试验时使用。机箱内的主控电路板上设置总线和控制部分，总线及控制部分会自动进行判断，选择一块功能正常且后插入的计量模块作为本高压电能表的计量模块。对已损坏或多余的计量模块，会断开其工作电源，断开电压采集信号，短路电流采集信号，并给出状态指示，实现电能表的基本功能。在本实施例中，机箱的箱门朝下，方便开启、关闭、插拔功能模块盒。 当然，对于处于低洼地的电线杆，当人站在与所述电能表差不多相同高度时，也可将箱门开设在侧面，便于在水平位置上进行功能模块盒插拔操作。总线及控制板会自动判断接入总线的模块类型，并给出状态指示。本发明所述高压电能表可通过GPRS、光缆等方式和主站进行通信，将主站所需各种信息上传。本发明所述高压电能表可通过微功率无线模块、远红外、RS485等通信方式和现场操作人员进行交互通信，以实现现场维护及即时抄表等功能。本发明所述高压电能表的各种计量数据、各功能模块工作状态均可通过蓝牙模块发送到手持终端上。电压电流采样模块2由电压互感器PT及电流互感器CT组成，一次侧接AC10kV,二次端输出计量模块所需要的交流电压、电流信号。总线及控制板由总线控制芯片、时钟电路、各种控制及保护电路、主控电路板组成，主要完成以下功能：为各总线端口插座提供时钟信号；随时检测各总线端口插座的状态，控制电流互感器CT输出保护电路的保护与接入，确保在没有计量模块插入或计量模块出现故障时，电流互感器CT输出端处于短路状态；随时检测各总线端口插座的状态，当有模块插入时，识别模块类型并给出相应的状态指示指示灯提示及声音提示。其中的总线端口插座(1-n)：为n个具有完全相同结构、相同位数的标准总线插座，支持热插拔。总线各端口包含但不限于以下信号：
DC12V、DC5V、DC3.3V、GND、信号地；AB相电压Uab、BC相电压Ubc、A相电流输出IAout、A相电流输入IAin、C相电流输出ICout、C相电流输入ICin、地线N；模块插入识别信号；串口发送信号TX、串口接收信号RX；时钟信号。
本发明应用于电能计量设备领域。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种可配置式新型高压电能表，包括底座(1)、设置在所述底座(1)上的电压电流采样模块(2)和机箱(3)，其特征在于：在所述机箱(3)内设置有主控电路板(4)，所述主控电路板(4)上设置有至少一个总线端口插座(5)，所述至少一个总线端口插座(5)用于在不断电状态下以可插拔的方式对应配合至少一个功能模块盒(7)，且所述至少一个功能模块盒(7)中，至少一个为计量模块。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可配置式新型高压电能表，其特征在于：所述主控电路板(4)包括判断及选择单元，其用于选择一块功能正常且后插入的计量模块作为所述高压电能表的计量模块，以及断开已损坏或多余的计量模块的工作电源，断开电压采集信号、短路电流采集信号，并给出状态指示，实现电能表的基本功能。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的可配置式新型高压电能表，其特征在于：每一功能模块盒(7)插入其所对应的总线端口插座(5)上后，二者之间均同时实现电信号连接及机械固定。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的可配置式新型高压电能表，其特征在于：所述功能模块盒(7)通过高压绝缘棒(8)与所述总线端口插座(5)进行快速插拔，所述高压绝缘棒8为具有多节杆体依次套设的伸缩杆，所述高压绝缘棒(8)的端部设置有夹持装置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的可配置式新型高压电能表，其特征在于：所述机箱(3)内设置有分别与每一总线端口插座(5)对应的多个功能模块导向槽(6),功能模块盒(7)先插入所述功能模块导向槽(6)，通过功能模块导向槽(6)的导向和限位后从其所对应的总线端口插座(5)上插拔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的可配置式新型高压电能表，其特征在于：每块所述功能模块盒(7)上设置有电路板、与所述电路板一体的金手指(71)、设置在所述功能模块盒(7)的盒体外侧的若干锁紧凸起(72)、设置于所述功能模块盒(7)的盒体外侧的若干导向凸棱(73)以及设置在所述功能模块盒(7)的盒体外端的卡扣(74)，所述金手指(71)露出于所述功能模块盒(7)的盒体外部，所述高压绝缘棒(8)端部的所述夹 持装置与所述卡扣(74)相配合，所述夹持装置快速地卡入所述卡扣(74)并支撑所述功能模块盒(7)快速地插入所述功能模块导向槽(6)内或从所述功能模块导向槽(6)内拔出。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的可配置式新型高压电能表，其特征在于：所述功能模块导向槽(6)的槽口处设置有导向部(61)，所述导向部(61)呈外大内小状，在所述功能模块导向槽(6)的内壁上设置有若干锁紧凹槽(62)和若干导向槽(63)，所述锁紧凹槽(62)为弧状凹槽，在所述功能模块盒(7)插入所述功能模块导向槽(6)后，所述锁紧凹槽(62)与所述锁紧凸起(72)相卡紧配合，所述导向槽(63)与所述导向凸棱(73)相导向配合。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的一种可配置式新型高压电能表，其特征在于：所述高压绝缘棒(8)端部的所述夹持装置包括与所述功能模块盒(7)的盒体相适配的支撑槽(14)及相对地设置在所述支撑槽(14)底部的两个卡紧钉(15)，每个所述卡紧钉(15)设置有圆柱斜面(151)、弹簧套设部(152)以及端头(153)，相对的两个所述卡紧钉(15)分别活动配合在所述支撑槽(14)底部侧壁上开设的壁孔处，所述端头(153)露出在所述支撑槽(14)底部外围，所述弹簧套设部(152)处套设有弹簧(16)，所述弹簧(16)的一端抵在所述圆柱斜面(151)的圆柱端处，另一端抵在所述支撑槽(14)底部的侧壁处，所述弹簧(16)处于压缩状态，拉动所述端头(153)时，所述卡紧钉(15)向外移动。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的可配置式新型高压电能表，其特征在于：所述主控电路板(4)上还设置有电源模块(9)及互感器在线检测模块(10)，所述电源模块(9)由所述电压电流采样模块(2)从高压侧取电，输出其他模块所需电压；所述互感器在线检测模块(10)在线对采样电压及电流互感器进行定期精度检测，并将检测结果发送到总线上，随时接受数据请求。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的可配置式新型高压电能表，其特征在于：所述主控电路板(4)上还设置有显示模块(11)和蓝牙通信模块(12)，所 述显示模块(11)显示所述高压电能表的计量结果；所述蓝牙通信模块(12)将所述高压电能表的计量数据、端口状态、在线信息发送到外围终端上。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的可配置式新型高压电能表，其特征在于：所述总线端口插座(5)数目设置为四个，所述总线端口插座(5)内分别配合有计量模块、远程通信模块和远程通信接口模块，所述远程通信模块包括但不限于GPRS模块、微功率无线模块、红外抄表模块或载波通信模块，所述远程通信接口模块包括但不限于光缆通信接口、网络接口或RS485接口。
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