WO2018208926A1 - Appareil de liaison en ciseaux ramifiés et mécanismes auxétiques associés - Google Patents

Appareil de liaison en ciseaux ramifiés et mécanismes auxétiques associés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018208926A1
WO2018208926A1 PCT/US2018/031815 US2018031815W WO2018208926A1 WO 2018208926 A1 WO2018208926 A1 WO 2018208926A1 US 2018031815 W US2018031815 W US 2018031815W WO 2018208926 A1 WO2018208926 A1 WO 2018208926A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arms
protrusions
branched
rivet
rotatably mounted
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2018/031815
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Henry SEGERMAN
Original Assignee
The Board Of Regents For Oklahoma State University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Board Of Regents For Oklahoma State University filed Critical The Board Of Regents For Oklahoma State University
Publication of WO2018208926A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018208926A1/fr
Priority to US16/672,796 priority Critical patent/US11702327B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/06—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported by levers for vertical movement
    • B66F7/065—Scissor linkages, i.e. X-configuration
    • B66F7/0666—Multiple scissor linkages vertically arranged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F3/00—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads
    • B66F3/22—Lazy-tongs mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/28—Constructional details, e.g. end stops, pivoting supporting members, sliding runners adjustable to load dimensions

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates generally to mechanical linkages and, more particularly, to scissor linkages and associated auxetic mechanisms.
  • the traditional scissor linkage as shown in Figs 1A and IB has one degree of freedom in its motion: it deploys from a compact, collapsed state (Fig. IB) to an extended state (Fig. 1A).
  • the linkage consists of a number of stages, each stage consisting of two arms joined at their midpoints by a rivet that allows the arms to rotate against each other. Arms in adjacent stages are joined at their endpoints with joints that again allow for rotation.
  • each stage is formed from more than two arms, each joined preferably at their respective midpoints by a "branched” rivet.
  • arms in adjacent stages are joined at their endpoints with joints that allow for rotation.
  • Each resulting mechanism has one degree of freedom in its motion. It deploys from a compact, collapsed state to an extended state.
  • Figs. 2A to 2F show examples with three (Figs. 2A and 2B), four (Figs. 2C and 2D) and six (Figs. 2E and 2F) arms.
  • the arms in the embodiment of Figs. 2A, 2C, and 2E are identical, so such a mechanism could be taken apart and reconfigured into another arrangement, only needing a different branched rivet part in order to affect the reconfiguration.
  • Fig. 1 contains a schematic illustration of a prior art scissor linkage extended (Fig. 1 A) and collapsed (Fig. IB).
  • Fig. 2 contains three different exemplary embodiments with three arms (Fig. 2A expanded and 2B collapsed), four arms (Fig. 2C expanded and 2D collapsed), and six arms (Fig. 2E expanded and 2F collapsed).
  • Fig. 3 contains a schematic illustration of a prior art parallel standard scissor linkage expanded (Fig. 3 A) and collapsed (Fig. 3B).
  • Fig. 4 contains an embodiment that utilizes connections between scissor linkages similar to those found in the Hoberman sphere in an expanded (Fig. 4A) and collapsed (Fig. 4B) configuration.
  • Fig. 5 contains an exemplary four-armed branched scissor linkage combination in an expanded (Fig. 5 A) and collapsed (Fig. 5B) configuration in which two linkages are jointed together at a corner.
  • Fig. 6 contains a schematic illustration of a configuration in which four three- armed branched scissor linkages come together at a node in its retracted state (6A) and its extended state (6B).
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an arrangement wherein there are eight three-armed branched scissor linkages that come together at a node in a retracted state (7 A) and an extended state (7B).
  • Fig. 8 contains an illustration of an embodiment of part of a cubical lattice made from four-armed branched scissor linkages in a retracted state (8A) and an extended state (8B).
  • branched rivet will be used to describe, in a first embodiment, a device that contains three or more radially projecting coplanar protrusions substantially equally spaced about its perimeter, although that spacing is not a requirement.
  • the protrusions will be threaded on their outer termini but that is not a requirement.
  • holes in the branched rivet will be provided instead, which holes might be internally threaded.
  • each arm is mounted to the branched rivet at its midpoint
  • a group of asymmetrically mounted arms could be arranged so that increased movement distance at one end could provide increased force at the other end.
  • the offset rivet position could also be usefully employed in the middle of the linkage, to change the distance moved/force ratio as needed.
  • the mounting could be symmetric (at the midpoint of each arm) or asymmetric (the mounting point of each arm is offset from the midpoint by the same amount so that each arm extends above/below the mounting point by the same amount).
  • the holes could be equally spaced about the perimeter of the device but all must generally lie in the same plane.
  • a matching threaded bolt or similar structure will be used to attach the arms described below to the branched rivet.
  • the branched rivet when said to have protrusions, that term should be understood to include both instances where the protrusions are integral to the device as well as instances where the there are holes into which bolts, rivets, etc., are removably or permanently inserted. It should also include instances where the protrusions are equally spaced around the perimeter of the device as well as when they are not.
  • branched rivet might be made of metal but other variations are certainly possible and well within the ability of one of ordinary skill in the art to devise.
  • the instant branched scissor linkages 2A, 2C, and 2E generally comprise three or more arms 205 which are rotatably mounted on the protrusions of the branched rivet 210.
  • each arm 205 is mounted at its midpoint to one of the protrusions of the branched rivet 210 and should be freely rotatable about that protrusion.
  • the protrusions of the branched rivet 210 might be surmounted by a nut (if the protrusion is threaded) or a cap 215 which serves to keep the arm 205 mounted on the branched rivet 210.
  • the branched rivet 210 will have a flat upper and lower surface.
  • the instant branched scissor linkage will be comprised of two or more stages.
  • each example 2A, 2C, and 2E is comprised of two identical stages, Stage 1 and Stage 2 assemblies, which are in mechanical communication with each other via a rotatable joints. More particularly, the arms 205 in adjacent stages are joined at their endpoints with rotatable joints. Preferably the joints will be rotatable in a single plane.
  • the upper terminus of each Stage 2 assembly arm 205 contains an orthogonally extending rod 220 which is sized to mate with a socket 225 on one of the lower terminus arms 205 of the Stage 1 assembly.
  • the hinging component 225 on lower end of an arm in the Stage 1 assembly will generally be referred to as an upper hinge component and the mating part 220 which is situated on the upper end of the an arm in the Stage 2 assembly will be referred to a lower hinge component.
  • the upper and lower hinge components must be designed to mate with each other and allow rotation in a single plane or with one degree of freedom.
  • the arms 205 in both stages be of the same length, that is not an absolute requirement.
  • the arm lengths of the arms in the Stage 1 assembly might be different from the lengths of the arms in Stage 2. That being said, it is a requirement that the lengths of all of the arms in a stage must be the same length.
  • Figs. 2A - 2E has one degree of freedom in the relative motion of each of the connected arms 205, which means that it can readily deploy from a compact, collapsed state (Figs. 2B, 2D, and 2F) to an extended state (Figs. 2A, 2C, and 2E).
  • Figs. 2A - 2F show examples with three, four and six arms 205 in each stage. The arms 205 in each stage of the embodiments of Figs.
  • FIGS. 2A, 2C, and 2E are identical, so that a stage with, say, six arms 2E could readily be disassembled and reconfigured into another arrangement, only needing a different branched rivet part 210, 220, or 230 in order to reconfigure the device, with larger branched rivet parts being preferably utilized in the three and four arm versions.
  • the arms in Figs. 2E and 2F could also be reconfigured to form the embodiments of Figs. 2A or D, albeit with a smaller sized branched rivet part 210/220 than part 230.
  • a similar method of connection also works for branched scissor linkages as shown in Fig. 5.
  • two four-armed branched scissor linkages 520 and 530 meet at two triangular connectors 510 and 515.
  • These two branched scissor linkages 520/530 are connected in the same way as the linkages in the larger structure in Figs. 8A and 8B: they are situated at approximately right angles to each other.
  • the mechanism in Fig. 4 acts in region close to the horizontal plane through the midpoints of the arms of the scissors. If the mechanism is built outwards with more nodes connecting to more scissor linkages, this plane continues outwards. In the Hoberman sphere, the plane is bent around to form a sphere, but still, the mechanism acts in a region close to a two-dimensional surface. In contrast, the branched scissor mechanism can continue outwards in a truly three- dimensional manner:
  • auxetic structure By connecting together branched scissor linkages at nodes, larger auxetic structure can be built:
  • Figs. 8A and 8B show part of a cubic lattice built from four-armed branched scissor linkages, connected at nodes as in example (2) above. Any number of stages of the four-armed linkage can be used on each "edge" element between nodes, and the entire structure can be built outwards to make as much of the cubic lattice as is desired.
  • an auxetic structure based on the molecular structure of diamond can be built. In this case, an odd number of stages is required between nodes.
  • an auxetic structure based on the body centered cubic lattice can be built. Again, an odd number of stages is required between nodes.
  • Methods of the present invention may be implemented by performing or completing manually, automatically, or a combination thereof, selected steps or tasks.
  • method may refer to manners, means, techniques and procedures for accomplishing a given task including, but not limited to, those manners, means, techniques and procedures either known to, or readily developed from known manners, means, techniques and procedures by practitioners of the art to which the invention belongs.
  • the term "at least” followed by a number is used herein to denote the start of a range beginning with that number (which may be a ranger having an upper limit or no upper limit, depending on the variable being defined).
  • “at least 1” means 1 or more than 1.
  • the term “at most” followed by a number is used herein to denote the end of a range ending with that number (which may be a range having 1 or 0 as its lower limit, or a range having no lower limit, depending upon the variable being defmed).
  • “at most 4" means 4 or less than 4
  • "at most 40%” means 40% or less than 40%.
  • a range is given as "(a first number) to (a second number)" or "(a first number) - (a second number)"
  • 25 to 100 should be interpreted to mean a range whose lower limit is 25 and whose upper limit is 100.
  • every possible subrange or interval within that range is also specifically intended unless the context indicates to the contrary.
  • ranges for example, if the specification indicates a range of 25 to 100 such range is also intended to include subranges such as 26 -100, 27-100, etc., 25-99, 25-98, etc., as well as any other possible combination of lower and upper values within the stated range, e.g., 33-47, 60-97, 41-45, 28-96, etc.
  • integer range values have been used in this paragraph for purposes of illustration only and decimal and fractional values (e.g., 46.7 - 91.3) should also be understood to be intended as possible subrange endpoints unless specifically excluded.
  • the defined steps can be carried out in any order or simultaneously (except where context excludes that possibility), and the method can also include one or more other steps which are carried out before any of the defined steps, between two of the defined steps, or after all of the defined steps (except where context excludes that possibility).

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne une famille de variantes « ramifiées » du mécanisme en ciseaux classique, chaque étage étant formé de plus de deux bras, joints à leurs points médians par un rivet ramifié. Dans un mode de réalisation, les bras dans les étages adjacents sont reliés au niveau de leurs extrémités avec des joints qui permettent une rotation dans un seul plan. Chaque mécanisme résultant présente un degré de liberté dans son mouvement. Il se déploie d'un état compact, plié à un état étendu.
PCT/US2018/031815 2017-05-09 2018-05-09 Appareil de liaison en ciseaux ramifiés et mécanismes auxétiques associés WO2018208926A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/672,796 US11702327B2 (en) 2017-05-09 2019-11-04 Apparatus for branched scissor linkage and associated auxetic mechanisms

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762503431P 2017-05-09 2017-05-09
US62/503,431 2017-05-09

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US16/672,796 Continuation-In-Part US11702327B2 (en) 2017-05-09 2019-11-04 Apparatus for branched scissor linkage and associated auxetic mechanisms

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018208926A1 true WO2018208926A1 (fr) 2018-11-15

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11427441B2 (en) 2020-07-23 2022-08-30 Otis Elevator Company Elevator car with foldable working platform

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5113972A (en) * 1988-08-10 1992-05-19 Haak Martin Sr Scissor-type lifting device, particularly for a work platform
US20080105498A1 (en) * 2006-06-12 2008-05-08 Genie Industries, Inc. Joint assembly and related methods
US20090200527A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2009-08-13 Colin Christie Scissor jack
US20110037039A1 (en) * 2009-08-12 2011-02-17 Hong Fu Jin Precision Industry ( Shenzhen) Co., Ltd Elevation mechanism
CN201882857U (zh) * 2010-11-29 2011-06-29 倪既民 中点联组式组合剪叉伸缩升降机构
CN102180427A (zh) * 2011-05-11 2011-09-14 清华大学 支点固定式多面过约束剪叉式升降机构

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5113972A (en) * 1988-08-10 1992-05-19 Haak Martin Sr Scissor-type lifting device, particularly for a work platform
US20090200527A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2009-08-13 Colin Christie Scissor jack
US20080105498A1 (en) * 2006-06-12 2008-05-08 Genie Industries, Inc. Joint assembly and related methods
US20110037039A1 (en) * 2009-08-12 2011-02-17 Hong Fu Jin Precision Industry ( Shenzhen) Co., Ltd Elevation mechanism
CN201882857U (zh) * 2010-11-29 2011-06-29 倪既民 中点联组式组合剪叉伸缩升降机构
CN102180427A (zh) * 2011-05-11 2011-09-14 清华大学 支点固定式多面过约束剪叉式升降机构

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11427441B2 (en) 2020-07-23 2022-08-30 Otis Elevator Company Elevator car with foldable working platform

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