WO2018207242A1

WO2018207242A1 - Three-dimensional modeling device, control method thereof, and modeled object thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2018207242A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/017421
Authority: WO
Inventors: 諒菅原
Original assignee: 武藤工業株式会社
Priority date: 2017-05-08
Filing date: 2017-05-08
Publication date: 2018-11-15
Also published as: JP6821017B2; TW201843032A; JPWO2018207242A1

Abstract

This three-dimensional modeling device comprises: a modeling stage for the placement and holding of a modeled object; a modeling head configured to be movable relative to the modeling stage and supplying a material to the modeling stage; and a control unit for controlling the modeling head. The control unit repeatedly generates first layers and second layers to form a modeled object. The control unit controls the modeling head to arrange at least a part of the material so as to extend linearly in the first layers, while in the second layers, at least a part of the material is arranged in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the material in the first layers and having a curvature corresponding to the contour of the second layers.

Description

Three-dimensional modeling apparatus, control method thereof, and modeled object

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional modeling apparatus, a control method thereof, and a modeled article thereof.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a three-dimensional modeling apparatus that manufactures a model based on three-dimensional design data. As a method of such a three-dimensional modeling apparatus, various methods such as an optical modeling method, a powder sintering method, an ink jet method, and a molten resin lamination method have been proposed and commercialized.

As an example, in a three-dimensional modeling apparatus that employs a molten resin lamination method, a modeling head for discharging molten resin that is a material of a modeled object is mounted on a three-dimensional movement mechanism, and the modeling head is moved in a three-dimensional direction. Then, the molten resin is laminated while discharging the molten resin to obtain a shaped article. In addition, a three-dimensional modeling apparatus that employs an ink jet method has a structure in which a modeling head for dropping a heated thermoplastic material is mounted on a three-dimensional movement mechanism.

In addition, in the patent document 2, the applicant of the present invention, in the first layer, laminates a material having the first direction as the longitudinal direction at a predetermined interval, while the second layer above the first layer is the first direction. A three-dimensional modeling apparatus, a three-dimensional modeling method, and a three-dimensional modeling method capable of generating a modeled article having a so-called cross-girder structure by laminating materials having a second direction intersecting the longitudinal direction at predetermined intervals have been proposed. In this modeled object, materials that intersect with each other between a plurality of layers are joined at the intersection, so that a strong modeled object can be generated. Further, by incorporating a plurality of types of materials into the cross-girder structure, it is possible to provide a shaped article having new characteristics.
However, in the case of this modeling method, when the modeled object has a predetermined curvature at its contour (for example, a cylinder), anisotropy occurs in the modeled object, and the physical strength required for the modeled object may not be secured.

JP 2002-307562 A Japanese Patent No. 5909309

An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional modeling apparatus capable of ensuring the physical strength regardless of the contour of a modeled object, a control method thereof, and a modeled object.

The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the present invention includes a modeling stage on which a model is placed, a modeling head configured to be movable relative to the modeling stage, and supplying a material to the modeling stage, and the modeling head And a control unit for controlling. The said control part is comprised so that a 1st layer and a 2nd layer may be repeatedly produced | generated with the material supplied from the said modeling head, and a modeling thing may be modeled. The control unit arranges at least a part of the material in the first layer so as to extend linearly, while in the second layer, at least a part of the material in the first layer is arranged in the first layer. Arranged so as to have a curvature corresponding to the outline of the second layer in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the material, and thereby the material formed in the first layer and the second layer The shaping head is controlled so that the material formed on the substrate is bonded in the vertical direction.

Further, the modeled object according to the present invention is formed by repeatedly laminating the first layer and the second layer. In the first layer, the material is arranged to extend linearly, while in the second layer, the material is in a direction intersecting the material in the first layer and the second layer. Arranged so as to have a curvature corresponding to the contour of the first layer, whereby the material formed in the first layer and the material formed in the second layer are joined in the vertical direction. The

Moreover, the control method of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the present invention is a control method of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus including a modeling head that supplies a material for generating a modeled object. The control method includes the steps of controlling the shaping head to arrange at least a part of the material in a first layer so as to extend linearly, and at least a part of the material in the second layer. The first layer is arranged so as to have a curvature that intersects with the longitudinal direction of the material in the first layer and corresponds to the contour of the second layer, whereby the material formed in the first layer And controlling the modeling head so that the material formed in the second layer is joined in the vertical direction.

It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a front view which shows schematic structure of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an XY stage 12. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating details of the structure of a driver 300. FIG. It is a functional block diagram which shows the structure of the computer 200 (control apparatus). The schematic of the structure of the molded article S formed with the three-dimensional modeling apparatus of 1st Embodiment is shown. A modeled object generated by the three-dimensional modeling method described in Patent Document 2 will be described. A modeled object generated by the three-dimensional modeling method described in Patent Document 2 will be described. The problems of the shaped object having the structure of FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described. The schematic of the structure of the molded article S formed with the three-dimensional modeling apparatus of 1st Embodiment is shown. The effect of the molded article S formed by the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the first embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 1st Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 1st Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 1st Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 1st Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 1st Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 1st Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 1st Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 1st Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 1st Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 1st Embodiment is shown. The schematic of the structure of the molded article S formed by the three-dimensional modeling apparatus of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The specific example of arrangement | positioning of linear material R1s arranged radially in the 1st layer L1 of the molded article S of 2nd Embodiment is shown. The schematic of the structure of the molded article S formed by the three-dimensional modeling apparatus of 3rd Embodiment is shown. The schematic of the structure of the molded article S formed with the three-dimensional modeling apparatus of 4th Embodiment is shown. The schematic of the structure of the molded article S formed by the three-dimensional modeling apparatus of 5th Embodiment is shown.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
(overall structure)
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a so-called hot melt lamination type (FDM, Fused Deposition Molding) 3D printer 100 used in the first embodiment. The FDM 3D printer 100 is an aspect of a 3D printer 100 capable of modeling a model to be described below, and, as will be apparent from the following description, other systems of 3D capable of manufacturing a similar model. It is possible to employ a printer.
The FDM type 3D printer 100 in FIG. 1 includes a frame 11, an XY stage 12, a modeling stage 13, a lifting table 14, and a guide shaft 15.

A computer 200 is connected to the 3D printer 100 as a control device for controlling the 3D printer 100. A driver 300 for driving various mechanisms in the 3D printer 100 is also connected to the 3D printer 100.

(Frame 11)
As shown in FIG. 1, the frame 11 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape and includes a frame made of a metal material such as aluminum. For example, four guide shafts 15 are formed at four corners of the frame 11 so as to extend in the Z direction in FIG. 1, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the modeling stage 13. The guide shaft 15 is a linear member that defines a direction in which the elevating table 14 is moved in the vertical direction as will be described later. The number of guide shafts 15 is not limited to four, and is set to a number that can stably maintain and move the lifting table 14.

(Modeling stage 13)
The modeling stage 13 is a table on which the model S is placed, and is a table on which a thermoplastic resin discharged from a modeling head described later is deposited.

(Elevating table 14)
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the lifting table 14 penetrates the guide shaft 15 at its four corners, and is configured to be movable along the longitudinal direction (Z direction) of the guide shaft 15. . The lifting table 14 includes

rollers

34 and 35 that are in contact with the guide shaft 15. The

rollers

34 and 35 are rotatably installed at arm portions 33 formed at two corners of the lifting table 14. The

rollers

34 and 35 rotate while being in contact with the guide shaft 15 so that the elevating table 14 can smoothly move in the Z direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the elevating table 14 transmits a driving force of the motor Mz by a power transmission mechanism including a timing belt, a wire, a pulley, and the like, so that a predetermined interval (for example, 0.1 mm pitch) in the vertical direction. Move with. As the motor Mz, for example, a servo motor or a stepping motor is suitable. It should be noted that the actual position of the lifting table 14 in the height direction is measured continuously or intermittently in real time using a position sensor (not shown), and the position accuracy of the lifting table 14 is improved by appropriately correcting the position. May be. The same applies to

modeling heads

25A and 25B described later.

(XY stage 12)
The XY stage 12 is placed on the upper surface of the lifting table 14. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the XY stage 12. The XY stage 12 includes a frame body 21, an X guide rail 22, a Y guide rail 23,

reels

24A and 24B, modeling heads 25A and 25B, and a modeling head holder H. Both ends of the X guide rail 22 are fitted into the Y guide rail 23 and are held slidable in the Y direction. The

reels

24A and 24B are fixed to the modeling head holder H, and move in the XY directions following the movement of the modeling heads 25A and 25B held by the modeling head holder H. The thermoplastic resin that is the material of the shaped object S is a string-like resin (

filaments

38A and 38B) having a diameter of about 3 to 1.75 mm, and is usually held in a state of being wound around the

reels

24A and 24B. At the time of modeling, it is fed into the modeling heads 25A and 25B by motors (extruders) provided on the modeling heads 25A and 25B described later.

Note that the reels 24 A and 24 B may be fixed to the frame body 21 or the like without being fixed to the modeling head holder H so that the movement of the modeling head 25 is not followed. In addition, the

filaments

38A and 38B are exposed to be fed into the modeling head 25. However, the

filaments

38A and 38B may be fed into the modeling heads 25A and 25B with a guide (for example, a tube or a ring guide) interposed therebetween. .
In the case of modeling a model with only a single material, modeling can be performed using only one of the

filaments

38A and 38B. On the other hand, as will be described later, both the

filaments

38A and 38B can be used in combination in one model.
The

filaments

38A and 38B are made of different materials. As an example, when one is an ABS resin, a polypropylene resin, a nylon resin, or a polycarbonate resin, the other can be a resin other than the one resin. Or even if it is resin of the same material, the kind and ratio of the material of the filler contained in the inside can also be made to differ. That is, it is preferable that the

filaments

38A and 38B have different properties, and the characteristics (strength and the like) of the shaped article can be improved by a combination thereof.
1 to 3, the modeling head 25A is configured to melt and discharge the filament 38A, and the modeling head 25B is configured to melt and discharge the filament 38B, and independent modeling for different filaments. A head is prepared. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and there is a configuration in which only a single modeling head is prepared, and a plurality of types of filaments (resin materials) are selectively melted and discharged by the single modeling head. Can be adopted.

The

filaments

38A and 38B are fed into the modeling heads 25A and 25B from the

reels

24A and 24B through the tube Tb. The modeling heads 25A and 25B are held by the modeling head holder H and configured to be movable along the X and Y guide rails 22 and 23 together with the

reels

24A and 24B. Although not shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an extruder motor for feeding the

filaments

38A and 38B downward in the Z direction is disposed in the modeling heads 25A and 25B. The modeling heads 25 A and 25 B need only be movable with the modeling head holder H while maintaining a fixed positional relationship with each other in the XY plane, but also in the XY plane so that the mutual positional relationship can be changed. It may be configured.

Although not shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, motors Mx and My for moving the modeling heads 25 A and 25 B with respect to the XY stage 12 are also provided on the XY stage 12. As the motors Mx and My, for example, a servo motor or a stepping motor is suitable.

(Driver 300)
Next, details of the structure of the driver 300 will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. 4A. The driver 300 includes a CPU 301, a filament feeding device 302, a head control device 303, a current switch 304, and a motor driver 306. The CPU 301 receives various signals from the computer 200 via the input / output interface 307 and controls the entire driver 300. In accordance with a control signal from the CPU 301, the filament feeder 302 instructs the extruder motors in the modeling heads 25A and 25B to control the feeding amount (pushing amount or retracting amount) of the

filaments

38A and 38B with respect to the modeling heads 25A and 25B. To do.

The current switch 304 is a switch circuit for switching the amount of current flowing through the heater 26. By switching the switching state of the current switch 304, the current flowing through the heater 26 is increased or decreased, thereby controlling the temperature of the modeling heads 25A and 25B. The motor driver 306 generates drive signals for controlling the motors Mx, My, and Mz according to the control signal from the CPU 301.

FIG. 4B is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the computer 200 (control device). The computer 200 includes a spatial filter processing unit 201, a slicer 202, a modeling scheduler 203, a modeling instruction unit 204, and a modeling vector generation unit 205. These configurations can be realized by a computer program inside the computer 200.

The spatial filter processing unit 201 receives master 3D data indicating the three-dimensional shape of a model to be modeled from the outside, and performs various data processing on the model space in which the model is formed based on the master 3D data. . Specifically, as will be described later, the spatial filter processing unit 201 divides the modeling space into a plurality of modeling units Up (x, y, z) as necessary, and the plurality of modeling units based on the master 3D data. Each of the Ups has a function of assigning property data indicating characteristics to be given to each modeling unit. The necessity of division into modeling units and the size of each modeling unit are determined by the size and shape of the formed object S to be formed. For example, when forming the modeling object S as described below, division into modeling units is unnecessary.

The modeling instruction unit 204 provides instruction data regarding the contents of modeling to the spatial filter processing unit 201 and the slicer 202. The modeling instruction unit 204 may receive input of instruction data from an input device such as a keyboard or a mouse, or may be provided with instruction data from a storage device that stores modeling contents. .

Further, the slicer 202 has a function of converting each of the modeling units Up into a plurality of slice data. The slice data is sent to the modeling scheduler 203 at the subsequent stage. The modeling scheduler 203 has a role of determining a modeling procedure and a modeling direction in the slice data according to the property data described above. Further, the modeling vector generation unit 205 generates a modeling vector according to the modeling procedure and the modeling direction determined by the modeling scheduler 203. This modeling vector data is transmitted to the driver 300. The driver 300 controls the 3D printer 100 according to the received modeling vector data.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the modeled object S formed by the three-dimensional modeling apparatus of the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the shaped object S formed according to the present embodiment is configured by alternately laminating a first layer L1 and a second layer L2 over a plurality of layers. The first layer L1 and the second layer L2 are each formed based on the slice data described above.

Here, the modeled object produced | generated by the three-dimensional modeling method described in patent document 2 is demonstrated with reference to FIG.6 and FIG.7. In Patent Document 2, in the first layer L1, for example, linear materials R1 whose longitudinal direction is the X direction are arranged at a predetermined pitch in the Y direction (while leaving the gap V1 shown in FIG. 7). On the other hand, in the second layer L2, for example, linear materials R1 whose longitudinal direction is the Y direction are arranged at a predetermined pitch in the X direction. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted in FIG. 5, another material R2 can also be arranged in the clearance gap between materials R1. In this specification, a structure in which a certain material extends in one direction in the first layer and crosses and joins up and down in the second layer on the first layer is described in this specification. In this case, it is referred to as “well girder structure”.

The shaped object having such a cross-girder structure is a very strong shaped object because the material R1 of the first layer L1 and the material R1 of the second layer L2 are alternately stacked and joined at the upper and lower surfaces thereof. Can do. Further, when another material R2 is embedded in the gap between the materials R1, a separate girder structure is formed by the other material R2. Even if the materials R1 and R2 are not joined, the shaped object S can be configured firmly because the structure has a cross-beam structure, and it is possible to configure a shaped object having intermediate properties between the materials R1 and R2. become.

However, as shown in FIG. 5, when the shaped object S has a predetermined curvature in its contour (for example, in the case of a cylindrical shape), a problem may occur in the physical strength of the shaped object. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the material R1 is arranged in such a manner that the materials R1 are orthogonal to each other with the X direction or the Y direction as a longitudinal direction, Has sufficient strength, but it cannot have sufficient physical strength against pressurization from the direction crossing the X direction or Y direction (for example, 45 °). That is, a difference in physical strength against pressurization occurs depending on the direction.

Therefore, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the material R1 is arranged as follows in the first layer L1 and the second layer L2, so that the problem described in FIG. It has been solved.
As shown in FIG. 9, in the shaped object S generated in the first embodiment, the materials R1s arranged in the first layer L1 are arranged linearly. In the example of FIG. 9, the linear material R1s extends radially from the vicinity of the center of the first layer L1 toward the contour direction (outside) of the first layer L1. This is merely an example, and as will be described later, the material R1s may be linear, and is not limited to a radial arrangement. Further, it is not necessary for all materials to be linear, and the main material only needs to be linear.

The material R1r arranged in the second layer L2 is given a predetermined curvature corresponding to the contour of the second layer L2 (hereinafter, such a material R1r is referred to as “curvature material R1r”). . As an example, when the shaped object S is a cylindrical structure as shown in FIG. 5, the curvature material R1r is, for example, a circle or arc shape having a cylindrical radius centered on the central axis of the cylinder. be able to. Here, the “predetermined curvature corresponding to the contour of the second layer L2” does not mean the same curvature but a curvature determined according to the contour. For example, when the shaped object S has a cylindrical shape, regarding the curvature of the plurality of curvature materials R1r arranged concentrically, the curvature of the outermost curvature material R1r is substantially the same as the contour of the cylinder, The curvature material R1r is larger in curvature.
Even when the shaped object S has a cylindrical shape, the material R1r does not have to be all concentric, and several materials, for example, several materials R1r at the outermost periphery are formed on the first layer L1. It may have a shape corresponding to the contour, and the others may be linear, for example. Moreover, what is necessary is just to form the curvature material along the curvature in the 2nd layer L2, also when the molded article S is a shape which has curvatures other than a column shape.

As described above, the shaped article S of the present embodiment forms the linear material R1s in the first layer L1, and the curvature material R1r having a curvature corresponding to the contour of the shaped article S in the second layer L2. Form. Such a curved material R1r intersects and joins the linear material R1s on the upper and lower surfaces, whereby the shaped article S can have a cross-girder structure similar to that of Patent Document 2. Furthermore, with the curvature material R1r having a curvature along the contour of the model S, the material arrangement can be made substantially uniform regardless of the location in the model S, and the physical strength of the model S is enhanced. be able to.

FIG. 11A to FIG. 11I show a specific arrangement example of the linear material R1s arranged radially in the first layer L1. 11A to 11I are illustrated so that the outer periphery thereof is a circular shape for the sake of convenience, but actually, as shown in FIG. 9, there is a cavity between the materials.
FIG. 11A shows an arrangement example in which the first linear material R1sL extending from the vicinity of the center of the first layer L1 (the central axis of the cylindrical shaped object S) and the second linear material R1sS are arranged radially. Yes. The first linear materials R1sL are arranged at 90 ° intervals in the circumferential direction so that their tips are substantially in contact with each other near the center. And 2nd linear material R1sS is arrange | positioned in the clearance gap between 1st linear material R1sL. For this reason, the second linear material R1sS is shorter in the longitudinal direction than the first linear material R1sL. The first linear material R1sL and the second linear material R1sS in this arrangement example have substantially the same width in the circumferential direction regardless of the position.

11B, similarly to FIG. 11A, the first linear material R1sL extending from the vicinity of the center of the first layer L1 (the central axis of the cylindrical shaped object S) and the second linear material R1sS are radially arranged. An example of the arrangement is shown. However, in the example of FIG. 11B, the eight first linear materials R1sL are arranged at 45 ° intervals in the circumferential direction so that the tips thereof are in contact with each other. And 2nd linear material R1sS is arrange | positioned in the clearance gap between 1st linear material R1sL. The second linear material R1sS has a shorter length in the longitudinal direction than the first linear material R1sL, as in the example of FIG. 11A.

In the arrangement example of FIG. 11C, the linear materials R1sT are arranged radially in the first layer L1, and this is the same as the arrangement examples of FIGS. 11A and 11B. However, in the arrangement example of FIG. 11C, the width (circumferential direction) of the linear material R1sT is increased from the center side of the first layer L1 toward the outside. In the arrangement examples of FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B, since the widths of one linear material R1sL and R1sS are uniform, the gap between the plurality of linear materials is widened outside the first layer L1. There is a possibility of affecting the physical strength of the model S. However, as in the arrangement example of FIG. 11C, the width of one linear material R1sT becomes thicker toward the outside, so that the gap can be narrowed outside the first layer L1. The physical strength of S can be secured.
In this specification, the term “linear material” is used to mean a material that includes a linear portion as well as a material that is generally linear.

In the arrangement example of FIG. 11D, the linear materials R1sp1 and R1sp2 are arranged radially, and this is the same as the above arrangement example. However, each of the linear materials R1sp1 and R1sp2 is a single material on the center side of the first layer L1, but has a shape branched into two on the outside. Also by this arrangement example, the same effect as the arrangement example of FIG. 11C can be obtained. The number of branches is not limited to two and may be three or more.

In the arrangement example of FIG. 11E, unlike the arrangement examples of FIGS. 11A to 11D, the first layer L1 is further divided into a plurality of (for example, six) fan-shaped regions SC. A plurality of linear materials R1sL1 and R1sS1 are arranged for each sector region SC. In the example of FIG. 11E, a plurality of linear materials R1sL1 extending in parallel with one side of one sector region SC are arranged, and a plurality of linear materials R1sS1 are arranged in parallel with the other side. In this example, the linear material R1sL1 is arranged so as to extend in parallel to the first side and to the second side. On the other hand, the linear material R1sS1 extends in parallel with the second side and extends to reach the linear material R1sL1. For this reason, the length of the linear material R1sL1 is made longer than the length of the linear material R1sS1 as a whole.

In the arrangement example of FIG. 11E, the first layer L1 is divided into a plurality of sector regions SC, and the linear materials R1sL1 and L1sS1 extend along two sides of the sector, and the linear material R1sL1 is approximately radially. , R1sS1 is arranged. For this reason, these linear materials R1sL1 and R1sS1 can form a cross-girder structure together with the curvature material arranged in the second layer L2.

FIG. 11F is an arrangement example in which the first layer L1 is divided into a plurality of sector regions SC, as in FIG. 11E. However, in this arrangement example, the central angles (θ1, θ2) of the plurality of sector regions SC are different from each other. In the arrangement example of FIG. 11F, the linear material R1sV is arranged so as to be substantially V-shaped in one sector area SC. However, the arrangement is not limited to this, for example, the same as in FIG. 11E. Arrangement is also possible.

FIG. 11G is an arrangement example in which the first layer L1 is divided into a plurality of sector regions SC having different central angles θ, similarly to FIG. 11F. In this arrangement example, a plurality of V-shaped linear materials R1sV are arranged in each of the sector regions SC. Two linear portions constituting the V-shaped linear material R1sV are arranged so as to extend substantially parallel to the two sides of the sector region SC. Further, the plurality of linear materials R1sV are arranged so that the sides thereof are parallel to each other.
In the example of FIG. 11G, the number of linear materials R1sV is large in the sector region SC having a large central angle θ, and the number of linear materials R1sV is decreased in the sector region SC having a small central angle θ. However, the illustrated example is merely an example, and the number of linear materials R1sV included in one sector region SC may be the same regardless of the size of the central angle θ.

In the example of FIG. 11G, each linear material R1sV is drawn along a virtual ellipse EPi (i = 1, 2,...). The elliptical EPi has a larger curvature as it is closer to the center of the first layer L1, and the curvature becomes smaller as it approaches the outer periphery. This is also an example, and the linear material R1sV only needs to be drawn radially as a whole.

11H and FIG. 11I will be used to describe another example of the arrangement of materials in the first layer L1. FIG. 11H is a plan view showing an arrangement of materials in the first layer L1 and the second layer L2, and FIG. 11I is a perspective view showing a method of stacking the first layer L1 and the second layer L2. is there. The arrangement examples shown in FIGS. 11H and 11I are the same as the arrangement examples described above in that the first layer L1 and the second layer L2 are repeatedly stacked. However, it differs from the above-described arrangement example in the following points.

In the arrangement examples of FIGS. 11A to 11G, only the linear material is arranged in the first layer L1, and only the curvature material is arranged in the second layer L2. On the other hand, in the arrangement examples of FIGS. 11H and 11I, the linear materials R1sL1 and R1sS1 are arranged in a part of the plurality of sector regions SC in both the first layer L1 and the second layer L2. The curvature material R1r is disposed in the other sector region SC.

And as shown to FIG. 11I, the 1st layer L1 and the 2nd layer L2 are laminated | stacked so that linear material R1sL1, R1sS1 and curvature material R1r may overlap in an up-down direction. Thereby, a cross-girder structure can be comprised with a linear material and a curvature material similarly to the above-mentioned example of arrangement | positioning. In the case of the arrangement examples in FIGS. 11H and 11I, the structures of the first layer L1 and the second layer L2 (including the arrangement density of materials) are substantially the same. The characteristics of the material in S can be made uniform in the vertical direction, and the physical strength of the shaped object S can be further improved.

FIG. 12 illustrates still another arrangement example. In the arrangement example of FIG. 12, only the linear material is arranged in the first layer L1, and only the curvature material is arranged in the second layer L2. This is the same as the arrangement example of FIGS. 11A to 11G. However, in the arrangement example of FIG. 12, the linear materials R1sL1 and R1sS1 arranged in one of the first layers L1 are linear materials R1sL1 arranged in another first layer L1 in the upper layer, Compared to R1sS1, the positional relationship is rotated by a minute angle Δα around a predetermined center of rotation.

Here, the minute angle Δα can be an arbitrary numerical value, but the gap between the linear materials R1sL1 and R1sS1 in the lower first layer L1 is a linear material R1sL1 in the upper first layer L1. It is preferable to superimpose by R1sS1. Similarly, the other first layers L1 have a positional relationship in which the linear materials R1sL1 and R1sS1 are rotated by a minute angle Δα in two adjacent first layers L1 across the second layer L2 in the vertical direction. Have. By appropriately setting the minute angle Δα, the gap between the linear materials R1sL1 and R1sS1 is substantially filled, and thereby the physical strength of the model S can be improved.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the second embodiment, the configuration itself of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus (3D printer 100) may be substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, a duplicate description of the 3D printer 100 is omitted below. However, in the second embodiment, the modeled object S to be modeled is different from the first embodiment.

The shaped object S of the second embodiment is formed by alternately laminating the first layer L1 and the second layer L2, and the linear material and the curvature material are joined in the vertical direction. This is the same as in the first embodiment. However, in this embodiment, the materials R1s and R2s formed in the first layer L1 are made of different materials. For example, when one is an ABS resin, a polypropylene resin, a nylon resin, or a polycarbonate resin, the other can be a resin other than the one resin. Similarly, the materials R1r and R2r formed in the second layer L2 are made of different materials.

In the first layer L1, the materials R1s and R2s are arranged so as to extend radially outward from the vicinity of the center of the first layer L1, as shown in FIG. 13, for example. As shown in FIG. 13, the materials R1s and R2s may be alternately arranged one by one in the circumferential direction, or may be arranged several by one.

In such a shaped object S, the materials R1s and R2s extend radially in the first layer L1, while the second layer L2 that is one higher than the material R1s and R2s extends in the direction of the contour of the first layer L1. The materials R1r and R2r extend along. As a result, the shaped object S has a structure in which the same material is joined in the vertical direction at a crossing position of the materials R1s and R1r in the first layer L1 and the second layer L2 (so-called girder structure). . Similarly, the materials R2s and R2r have a similar cross beam structure at positions sandwiched between the materials R1 and are joined in the vertical direction. With such a structure, even if the bonding force between the materials R1s and R1r, which are different materials, and the materials R2s and R2r (in the lateral direction) is weak, the same material (in the stacking direction in the stacking direction) as described above ) If the bonding force is strong, the strength of the shaped object S can be made sufficiently high.

FIGS. 14A to 14F show a specific arrangement example of the linear material in the first layer L1 of the shaped object S of the second embodiment.
FIG. 14A is a first material (for example, ABS resin, polypropylene resin, nylon resin, polycarbonate resin) that extends radially from the vicinity of the center of the first layer L1 (center axis of the cylindrical shaped object S). The first linear materials R1sL and R1sS and the second linear material R2s made of a second material (a material different from the first material) that radially extends from the vicinity of the center of the first layer L1 are disposed. An example of the arrangement is shown. In this example, the first linear materials R1sL are arranged at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction so that their tips are substantially in contact with each other near the center. Similarly, the first linear materials R1sS are arranged at 90 ° intervals at positions between the first linear materials R1sL. And 2nd linear material R2s is arrange | positioned in the position between 1st linear material R1sL and R1sS arrange | positioned at 45 degree intervals in this way. Note that, in the first layer L1 in FIG. 14A, white regions other than the materials R1sL, R1sS, and R2s are voids.

FIG. 14B shows the first linear material R1sL (first material) that extends outward from the vicinity of the center of the first layer L1 (the central axis of the cylindrical shaped object S) and is arranged in the circumferential direction at 45 ° intervals. And the example of arrangement | positioning which has 2nd linear material R2s (2nd material different from 1st material) arrange | positioned in the circumferential direction at the same 45 degree space | interval in the position between them is shown. Note that in the first layer L1 in FIG. 14B, the white regions other than the materials R1sL and R2s are voids.

In the arrangement example of FIG. 14C, the linear material R1sT made of the first material and the linear material R2sT made of the second material are alternately arranged radially in the first layer L1. 14A and 14B are similar to the arrangement example. However, the width (circumferential direction) of the linear materials R1sT and R2sT is increased from the center side of the first layer L1 toward the outside. Note that, in the first layer L1 in FIG. 14C, white regions other than the materials R1sT and R2sT are voids.

In the arrangement example of FIG. 14D, the linear material R1sp1 made of the first material and the linear material R2sp2 made of the second material are arranged radially, and this is the same as the above example. However, each of the linear material R1sp1 and the linear material R2sp1 is a single material on the center side of the first layer L1, but has a shape branched into two on the outside. Also by this arrangement example, the same effect as the arrangement example of FIG. 14C can be obtained. The number of branches is not limited to two and may be three or more. Note that, in the first layer L1 in FIG. 14D, white regions other than the materials R1sp1 and R2sp1 are voids.

In the arrangement example of FIG. 14E, the first layer L1 is further divided into a plurality of (for example, six) fan-shaped regions SC as in FIG. 11E. A plurality of first linear materials R1sL1 (first material) and second linear materials R2sS1 (second material) are arranged for each sector region SC. In the example of FIG. 14E, a plurality of first linear materials R1sL11 extending in parallel with one side of one sector region SC are arranged, and a plurality of second linear materials R2sS1 are arranged in parallel with the other side. .

In the arrangement example of FIG. 14E, the first layer L1 is divided into a plurality of sector regions SC, and the linear materials R1sL1 and L2sS1 extend along two sides of the sector shape, and the linear material R1sL1 substantially radially. , L2sS1 is arranged. For this reason, the arc-shaped material and the cross beam structure arranged in the second layer L2 can be configured. In the arrangement example of FIG. 14E, regions other than the linear materials R1sL1 and R2sS1 in the first layer L1 are voids. However, as shown in FIG. 14F, the first layer L1 may be arranged so as not to leave a gap by being embedded with the linear material R1s made of the first material and the linear material R2s made of the second material. it can.

The arrangement example of FIG. 14G is the same as the arrangement examples of FIGS. 14E and 14F in that the first layer L1 is divided into a plurality of sector regions SC. However, in this embodiment, linear materials R1sD (first material) and R2sD (second material) having a diamond shape as a whole are arranged in each of the plurality of sector regions SC. The linear materials R1sD and R2sD are drawn so that the two sides of the rhombic linear materials R1sD and R2sD are substantially parallel to the two sides of the fan-shaped region SC. In each of the fan-shaped regions SC, a portion that is not filled except for the rhombic linear materials R1sD and R2sD can form a linear material. In the arrangement example of FIG. 14G, no gap is provided between the linear materials R1sD and R2sD, but a gap may be provided between them.

Similarly, in the arrangement example of FIG. 14H, the first layer L1 is divided into a plurality of sector regions SC, and each of the sector regions SC has a plurality of first linear materials R1sV (first material), second linear shapes. A material R2sV (second material) is arranged. The second linear material R2sV is disposed in a V shape along two sides of the sector region SC, and further, the first linear material R1sV is disposed along the two sides of the sector region SC. . In this way, the V-shaped first linear material R1sV and the second linear material R2sV are alternately arranged to fill the sector region. In the arrangement example of FIG. 14I, the V-shaped first linear material R1sV ′ (first material) and the second linear material R2sV ′ (second material) are arranged as in FIG. 14H. It differs from FIG. 14H in that the contour of the material is arcuate.

In the arrangement example of FIG. 14J, the first layer L1 is divided into a plurality of sector regions SC (in the example shown, a central angle of 90 °) as well as the arrangement example of FIG. A linear material R2sV3 extending along the second material and formed of the second material is formed. This linear material R2sV3 includes portions extending along two sides of the sectoral region SC, like the linear material R2sV ′ in the arrangement example of FIG. 14I. In addition to this, the linear material R2sV3 in FIG. 14J also has a portion extending from the vicinity of the center of the sector region SC toward the middle point of the arc of the sector region SC, and includes three linear portions extending radially. It has a W shape as a whole. A linear material R1sV4 made of the first material is formed between the three linear portions. Similarly to the linear material R2sV4, the linear material R1sV4 has a substantially W shape, and a linear material R2sV4 made of another second material is formed in the gap. In the arrangement example of FIG. 14, one material has three linear portions extending radially, but this is not limiting, and one material has four or more linear portions extending radially. May be.
In the arrangement example of FIG. 14K, the first layer L1 is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped areas SC and extends along the sides of the fan-shaped areas SC, as in the arrangement example of FIG. 14J. A material R2sCR is formed. Similar to the linear material R2sV3 in the arrangement example of FIG. 14J, the linear material R2sCR includes a plurality (three in the illustrated example) of linear portions extending radially along the radial direction of the sector region SC. In addition to this, the linear material R2sCR3 of FIG. 14K also has a plurality of arc-shaped portions extending in the circumferential direction of the sector region SC. Similarly to the linear material R2sCR, the linear material R1sCR also includes a plurality of linear portions extending in the radial direction and an arc-shaped portion extending in the circumferential direction.

The arrangement example in FIG. 14L shows an arrangement example of still another material in the first layer L1. In this arrangement example, the first linear material R1sL made of the first material is radially arranged from the vicinity of the center of the first layer L1 toward the outside. Then, the second linear material R2s made of the second material is disposed along the first linear material R1sL. In the arrangement example of FIG. 14L, the gap remaining in the gap of the second linear material R2s is further filled with the material R2ss made of the second material, but as shown in FIG. 14M, this is filled with the first material R1sS. It can also be changed to or can be left as a gap.

The arrangement example in FIG. 14N is an arrangement example approximate to the arrangement example in FIG. 14M. In the arrangement example of FIG. 14N, the second linear material R2s made of the second material is arranged radially from the vicinity of the center of the first layer L1 toward the outside. And V-shaped linear material R1s which consists of 1st materials is arrange | positioned along this 2nd linear material R2s. The difference from FIG. 14M is that the first linear material R1s is formed as a V-shaped linear material. In the arrangement example of FIG. 14N, the gap remaining in the gap of the first linear material R1s is further filled with the material R2s ′ made of the second material, but this may be changed to the first material. Or it can be left void.

Still another example of arrangement will be described with reference to FIGS. 15A and 15B. 15A is a plan view showing an arrangement of materials in the first layer L1 and the second layer L2, and FIG. 15B is a perspective view showing a method of stacking the first layer L1 and the second layer L2. is there. The arrangement example shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B is similar to the arrangement example shown in FIGS. 11H and 11I (in the case of a single material), in both the first layer L1 and the second layer L2. The linear materials R1sL and R1sS made of the first material and the linear materials R2sL and R2sS made of the second material are disposed in a part of the sector region SC. On the other hand, the curvature material R1r made of the first material and the curvature material R2r made of the second material are arranged in the other sector regions SC.

15B, the first layer L1 and the second layer L2 are laminated so that the linear materials R1sL, R1sS, R2sL, RrsS and the curvature materials R1r, R2r overlap in the vertical direction. Thereby, a cross-girder structure can be comprised with a linear material and a curvature material similarly to the above-mentioned example of arrangement | positioning. In the arrangement example of FIGS. 15A and 15B, the structures of the first layer L1 and the second layer L2 (including the arrangement density of materials) are substantially the same, and therefore the arrangement examples of FIGS. 14A to 14M described above. As compared with the above, the characteristics of the material in the model S can be made uniform in the vertical direction, and the physical strength of the model S can be further improved.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the third embodiment, the configuration itself of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus (3D printer 100) may be substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, a duplicate description of the 3D printer 100 is omitted below. However, in the third embodiment, the modeled object S to be modeled is different from the above-described embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 16, the model S to be modeled in the third embodiment is formed by repeatedly laminating the first layer L1 and the second layer L2, and this point is the embodiment described above. Is the same. However, the first layer L1 of the shaped object S of the third embodiment is obtained by arranging a plurality of linear materials R1s extending in parallel to each other. This is different from the above-described embodiment in which a plurality of linear materials are arranged radially.
The direction in which the linear material R1s extends in the first layer L1 is preferably different for each different first layer L1 as shown in FIG.

[Fourth Embodiment]
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the fourth embodiment, the configuration itself of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus (3D printer 100) may be substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, a duplicate description of the 3D printer 100 is omitted below. However, in the third embodiment, the modeled object S to be modeled is different from the above-described embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 17, the model S to be modeled in this embodiment is formed by repeatedly laminating the first layer L1 and the second layer L2, and this point is the same as the above-described embodiment. is there. However, in the shaped object S of the fourth embodiment, the first layer L1 and the second layer L2 form the curvature materials R1r and R2r only at a predetermined angle (for example, 180 °) in the circumferential direction, for example. Regarding the remaining angles, a first linear material R1s made of the first material and a second linear shape made of the second material are formed radially from the vicinity of the center of the first layer L1 or the second layer L2 toward the outer periphery. The material R2s is formed.

In the first layer L1 and the second layer L2, the angle range in which the curvature materials R1r and R2r are formed has a relationship of rotating clockwise by a predetermined angle toward the upper layer. Accordingly, the portions of the curvature materials R1r and R2r are stacked so as to have a spiral structure. The linear materials R1s and R2s intersect the curvature materials R1r and R2r in the gaps of the spiral structure to form a cross-beam structure.

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In the fifth embodiment, the configuration itself of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus (3D printer 100) may be substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, a duplicate description of the 3D printer 100 is omitted below. However, in the fifth embodiment, the modeled object S to be modeled is different from the above-described embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 18, the model S to be modeled in this embodiment is formed by repeatedly laminating the first layer L1 and the second layer L2, and this point is the same as the above-described embodiment. is there. However, in the model S of the fifth embodiment, the first layer L1 and the second layer L2 form the curvature materials R1r and R2r only at a predetermined angle (for example, 180 °) in the circumferential direction, for example. For the remaining angles, the first linear material R1s made of the first material and the second linear material R2s made of the second material are formed in parallel with each other.

[Others]
As mentioned above, although several embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

100 ... 3D printer, 200 ... computer, 300 ... driver, 11 ... frame, 12 ... XY stage, 13 ... modeling stage, 14 ... lifting table, 15 ... Guide shaft, 21 ... frame, 22 ... X guide rail, 23 ... Y guide rail, 24A, 24B ... filament holder, 25A, 25B ... modeling head, 31 ...

frame

34, 35 ... Roller, 38A, 38B ... Filament, 201 ... Spatial filter processing unit, 202 ... Slicer, 203 ... Modeling scheduler, 204 ... Modeling instruction unit, 205 ... Modeling Vector generator.

Claims

A modeling stage on which a model is placed;
A modeling head configured to be movable relative to the modeling stage and supplying material to the modeling stage;
A control unit for controlling the modeling head;
With
The control unit is configured to repeatedly generate the first layer and the second layer with the material supplied from the modeling head to model the modeled object,
The control unit arranges at least a part of the material in the first layer so as to extend linearly, while in the second layer, at least a part of the material in the first layer is arranged in the first layer. Arranged so as to have a curvature corresponding to the outline of the second layer in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the material, and thereby the material formed in the first layer and the second layer The three-dimensional modeling apparatus, wherein the modeling head is controlled so that the material formed in a vertical direction is joined in the vertical direction.
The three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, wherein the control unit arranges the material in the first layer so as to extend radially from the vicinity of the center of the first layer toward the outside of the first layer. Modeling equipment.
The control unit is configured so that a width of the material in the first layer in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction increases from the vicinity of the center of the first layer toward the outside of the first layer. The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
The control unit is configured such that the arrangement of the materials included in one of the plurality of first layers included in the modeled object is a predetermined angle with the material included in the other first layer as a center at a predetermined position. The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 2, which is rotated.
2. The tertiary according to claim 1, wherein the control unit divides the first layer into a plurality of sectors and arranges at least a part of the material so as to extend substantially parallel to one of the two sides of the sectors. Original modeling device.
Formed by repeatedly laminating a first layer and a second layer;
In the first layer, the material is arranged to extend linearly,
In the second layer, the material is arranged to have a curvature corresponding to the contour of the second layer in a direction intersecting the material in the first layer, whereby the first layer A shaped article characterized in that the material formed in the layer and the material formed in the second layer are joined in the vertical direction.
The molded article according to claim 6, wherein in the first layer, the material is arranged so as to extend radially from the vicinity of the center of the first layer toward the outside of the first layer.
In the said 1st layer, the width | variety of the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the said material becomes large as it goes to the outer side of the said 1st layer from the center vicinity of the said 1st layer. .
The arrangement of the materials included in one of the plurality of first layers is obtained by rotating the materials included in other first layers by a predetermined angle around a predetermined position. Modeled object.
In a control method of a three-dimensional modeling apparatus including a modeling head that supplies a material for generating a modeled object,
Controlling the modeling head to arrange at least a portion of the material to extend linearly in the first layer;
In the second layer, at least a part of the material is arranged so as to have a curvature corresponding to a contour of the second layer in a direction intersecting a longitudinal direction of the material in the first layer, Thereby, the step of controlling the modeling head is provided so that the material formed in the first layer and the material formed in the second layer are joined in the vertical direction. The control method of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus.
The method of controlling a three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 10, wherein in the first layer, the material is arranged so as to extend radially from the vicinity of the center of the first layer toward the outside of the first layer. .
The material is formed such that a width of the material in the first layer in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction increases from the vicinity of the center of the first layer toward the outside of the first layer. Item 12. A method for controlling a three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to Item 11.
The arrangement of the materials included in one of the plurality of first layers included in the modeled object is obtained by rotating the materials included in the other first layers by a predetermined angle around a predetermined position. The method for controlling a three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 11.
The control of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the first layer is divided into a plurality of sectors, and at least a part of the material is arranged to extend substantially parallel to one of the two sides of the sectors. Method.