WO2018205287A1 - Matériau d'alliage d'aluminium résistant à la corrosion à haute résistance et haute ténacité et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Matériau d'alliage d'aluminium résistant à la corrosion à haute résistance et haute ténacité et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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WO2018205287A1
WO2018205287A1 PCT/CN2017/084607 CN2017084607W WO2018205287A1 WO 2018205287 A1 WO2018205287 A1 WO 2018205287A1 CN 2017084607 W CN2017084607 W CN 2017084607W WO 2018205287 A1 WO2018205287 A1 WO 2018205287A1
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content
corrosion
aluminum alloy
toughness
strength
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许应龙
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南通江中光电有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent

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  • the invention relates to the field of alloy materials, in particular to a high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material, and to a preparation method of the aluminum alloy material.
  • Al-Si-Cu cast aluminum alloy is currently the most widely used cast aluminum alloy material in the industry, such as domestic YL102 (AlSi12), YL112 (AlSi8.5Cu3.5) and YL113 (AlSi811Cu3), Japan ADC12 (AlSi11Cu3), ADC10 (AlSi8.5Cu3.5) and American A380 (AlSi8.5Cu3.5), etc., these alloys have excellent casting properties, high strength and good corrosion resistance, in escalator elevators, key parts of automobiles (reducer shells) Body, control arm, etc. are widely used in many fields, but their toughness and plasticity are low.
  • Y112 alloy (GB/T15115-94) has a strength of 240 MPa and an elongation of only 1%. If you can further improve its plasticity, it will undoubtedly improve the reliability and lightness of the product. So far, a large number of researches have been carried out on cast aluminum alloys with good casting, high toughness and good corrosion resistance, but the impact toughness is ⁇ 34.3J/cm 2 , the tensile strength is ⁇ 208MPa, and the elongation after fracture is ⁇ 6.5. %, the cast aluminum alloy material with a corrosion rate of ⁇ 0.049 mm/y immersed in a 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution for 93 hours has not been reported.
  • Chinese patent CN101798649A discloses a zirconium and niobium microalloyed 6013 aluminum alloy, mainly composed of aluminum, 1.22 to 1.52% magnesium, 0.90 to 1.15% silicon, 0.804 to 1.04% copper, and 0.451 to 0.661%.
  • the alloy is prepared by melting pure Al and adding Al-Cu intermediate alloy, Al-Si intermediate alloy, Al -Mn intermediate alloy, Al-Zr intermediate alloy, Al-Sr intermediate alloy, pure Mg, pure Zn, after it is melted, it is added with hexachloroethane for refining, and after standing for 5 to 10 minutes, it is slag and cast into ingot.
  • the hardness of the alloy of the invention is 156.0-159.1 HV, the intergranular corrosion resistance is in the fourth grade, and the anti-flaking corrosion performance is not lower than the PB grade.
  • the preparation method of the microalloyed aluminum alloy provided by the invention provides a certain guiding idea for the invention, but compared with the invention, the aluminum alloy prepared by the invention is far less in strength and plasticity than the aluminum alloy prepared by the invention. .
  • the manufacturing method comprises the steps of: first melting the aluminum material, removing the waste residue; raising the temperature to 780 ° C, adding Sr; aluminum The liquid temperature was adjusted to 740 ° C for 30 minutes; the temperature was lowered to the casting temperature of 690 ° C; poured into a mold for casting; the aluminum alloy castings were artificially aged.
  • the high strength and toughness cast aluminum alloy provided by the invention has a tensile strength of 250 MPa, an elongation of 5% and a Brinell hardness of 80 HBW.
  • the high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material provided by the present invention has a significantly higher elongation than the invention.
  • the present invention provides a high strength and toughness corrosion resistant aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof.
  • a high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material comprising main alloying elements aluminum, silicon and copper, microalloying elements manganese, magnesium and zinc, and adding a small amount of zirconium and hafnium elements for composite microalloying, characterized in that:
  • the main alloying element has a silicon content of 7.93 to 8.92 wt%, a copper content of 1.98 to 2.11 wt%, a manganese content of the microalloying element of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, a magnesium content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, and a zinc content.
  • the content is 0.005 to 0.23 wt%
  • the zirconium content is 0.182 to 0.62 wt%
  • the niobium content is 0.0346 to 0.0391 wt% or 0.0391 to 0.04 wt%
  • the balance is aluminum.
  • the main alloying element has a silicon content of 8.21 to 8.92 wt%, a copper content of 1.98 to 2.08 wt%, and a microalloying element having a manganese content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, and the magnesium content is 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, zinc content of 0.005 to 0.23 wt%, zirconium content of 0.32 to 0.62 wt%, niobium content of 0.0346 to 0.0391 wt%, and balance of aluminum.
  • the main alloying element has a silicon content of 8.61 to 8.92 wt%, a copper content of 1.98 to 2.04 wt%, and a microalloying element having a manganese content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt% and a magnesium content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, zinc content of 0.005 to 0.23 wt%, zirconium content of 0.55 to 0.62 wt%, niobium content of 0.0391 to 0.04 wt%, and balance of aluminum.
  • the main alloying element has a silicon content of 8.92 wt% and a copper content of 1.98 wt%;
  • the microalloying element has a manganese content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt% and a magnesium content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt. %, the zinc content is 0.005 to 0.23 wt%, the zirconium content is 0.62 wt%, the niobium content is 0.04%, and the balance is aluminum.
  • the high toughness and corrosion resistant aluminum alloy material has an impact toughness of ⁇ 34.3 J/cm 2 , a tensile strength of ⁇ 208 MPa, an elongation after fracture of ⁇ 6.5%, and a corrosion rate of immersion for 93 hours in a 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution of ⁇ 0.049. Mm/y, can be applied to aerospace, automotive and escalator steps.
  • a method for preparing a high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material comprising: the following steps:
  • Step 1 melting at high temperature to melt aluminum into aluminum liquid
  • Step 2 adding alloying elements Si, Cu, Zr, Sr, Mn, Mg and Zn, so that the final content of each element satisfies the ratio requirement;
  • Step 3 remove the waste residue and cool the exhaust gas
  • Step 4 Cast molding.
  • the method of adding the alloying element in the second step is added in the form of an aluminum-based intermediate alloy, wherein the Al-Si intermediate alloy content is 15.86 to 17.84% by weight, and the mass percentage of Si is 50%;
  • the content of Cu intermediate alloy is 5.66-6.03 wt%, the mass percentage of Cu is 35%, the content of Al-Zr intermediate alloy is 1.86-6.33 wt%, the mass percentage of Zr is 9.8%, and the content of Al-Sr master alloy is 0.23-0.257 wt% or 0.257 to 0.263 wt%, the mass percentage of Sr is 15.2%;
  • the content of Al-Mg intermediate alloy is 0.019 to 0.39 wt%, the mass percentage of Mg is 5.1%;
  • the content of Al-Mn intermediate alloy is 0.016 to 0.33 wt%, and the mass percentage of Mn It is 6%;
  • the Al-Zn master alloy is 0.065 to 3.067 wt%, and the mass percentage of Zn is 7.
  • the step has a high temperature melting temperature of 750 to 800 ° C
  • the step 3 has a temperature of exhaust gas of 700 to 750 ° C for a period of 20 to 30 minutes.
  • the four castings of the step include casting solidification and post-treatment, the casting temperature is 680-740 ° C, and the solidification time is controlled to 1-3 min; the post-treatment processing is the treatment of the surface of the aluminum alloy, including Annealing and tempering treatment.
  • the high-toughness and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material provided by the invention and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
  • a high-strength, toughness and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material and a preparation method thereof provided by the invention which are based on the design of a conventional Al-Si-Cu cast aluminum alloy composition, by adjusting the silicon content to 7.93 to 8.92 wt%, copper content To 1.98 to 2.11% by weight, while adding 0.182 to 0.62% by weight of zirconium, 0.0346 to 0.0391% by weight or 0.0391 to 0.04% by weight of ruthenium for composite microalloying, without lowering the casting properties (fluidity) of the aluminum alloy, Efficiently refines the silicon phase in the aluminum alloy, so that the silicon size is concentrated on the sub-micron level, and the aspect ratio is concentrated at ⁇ 2, which greatly improves the toughness, plasticity and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy, and at the same time, the strength of the alloy is also obtained. Improved, with very significant performance effects.
  • the high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material provided by the invention and the preparation method thereof, the prepared high-strength and toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material can be prepared into a more lightweight product, and can be widely applied to escalators, automobiles and aviation. In the industrial field, to reduce the weight of escalators, automobiles, and spacecraft, thereby reducing the energy consumption of escalators, automobiles, and spacecraft, and improving their reliability.
  • a high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material provided by the invention and a preparation method thereof, and the main alloying elements (Si, Cu) and microalloying elements (Zr) are studied through theoretical analysis, JMatPro material design software calculation and experimental research.
  • Sr, Mn, Mg, Zn) and their content on the casting properties (fluidity), microstructure, mechanical properties of high-strength, toughness and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy provide precise guidance for the development of experimental schemes, to ensure that the silicon phase is small,
  • the alloy's dense, excellent as-cast microstructure provides powerful data support and performance guarantees.
  • 1 is a microstructure of a high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy disclosed in the present invention
  • the invention discloses a high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy, comprising a main alloying element aluminum, silicon and copper, micro-alloying elements manganese, magnesium and zinc, and adding a small amount of zirconium and hafnium elements for composite micro-alloying.
  • the main alloying element has a silicon content of 7.93 to 8.92 wt%, a copper content of 1.98 to 2.11 wt%, and a manganese content of the microalloying element of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, magnesium.
  • the content is 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, the zinc content is 0.005 to 0.23 wt%, the zirconium content is 0.182 to 0.62 wt%, the niobium content is 0.0346 to 0.0391 wt% or 0.0391 to 0.04 wt%, and the balance is aluminum.
  • the invention is based on the design of the conventional Al-Si-Cu cast aluminum alloy composition, by adjusting the silicon content to 7.93-8.92 wt%, the copper content to 1.98-2.11 wt%, and adding 0.182-0.62 wt% zirconium, 0.0346.
  • ⁇ 0.0391 wt% or 0.0391 to 0.04 wt% of ruthenium is subjected to composite microalloying, and the silicon phase in the aluminum alloy is efficiently refined without lowering the casting properties (fluidity) of the aluminum alloy.
  • the performance and test of the high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy obtained in the above embodiment are as follows:
  • the surface microstructure of the obtained high-toughness and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy is observed by optical electron microscopy, and the result is shown in FIG.
  • the silicon phase size is concentrated on the submicron scale, and the aspect ratio is concentrated at ⁇ 2.
  • the fracture morphology of the obtained high-strength and toughness corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results are shown in Fig. 2. It can be seen from Fig.
  • the high-toughness and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material prepared by the invention greatly improves the toughness, plasticity and corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy.
  • the impact toughness of the high-strength and toughness-resistant aluminum alloy material is ⁇ 34.3 J/cm. 2 , tensile strength ⁇ 208MPa, elongation after fracture ⁇ 6.5%, corrosion rate immersion in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution for 93h ⁇ 0.049mm / y, its elongation after interruption is unmatched by other materials, can significantly improve the aluminum alloy material
  • the toughness and plasticity of the obtained high-strength, toughness and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy have exceeded the international standard.
  • the main alloying element has a silicon content of 8.21 to 8.92 wt%, a copper content of 1.98 to 2.08 wt%, a microalloying element having a manganese content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, and a magnesium content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%.
  • the zinc content is 0.005 to 0.23 wt%
  • the zirconium content is 0.32 to 0.62 wt%
  • the niobium content is 0.0346 to 0.0391 wt%
  • the balance is aluminum.
  • the impact toughness of the high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy obtained by the embodiment is ⁇ 38.4 J/cm 2 , the tensile strength is ⁇ 210 MPa, the elongation after fracture is ⁇ 6.8%, and the corrosion rate of immersion in the 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution for 93 hours is ⁇ 0.047 mm/y. .
  • the main alloying element has a silicon content of 8.61 to 8.92% by weight and a copper content of 1.98 to 2.04% by weight; the microalloying element has a manganese content of 0.001 to 0.02% by weight and a magnesium content of 0.001 to 0.02% by weight.
  • the zinc content is 0.005 to 0.23 wt%, the zirconium content is 0.55 to 0.62 wt%, the niobium content is 0.0391 to 0.04 wt%, and the balance is aluminum.
  • the impact toughness of the high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy obtained by the embodiment is ⁇ 39.1 J/cm 2 , the tensile strength is ⁇ 209 MPa, the elongation after fracture is ⁇ 7.1%, and the corrosion rate of immersion in the 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution for 93 hours is ⁇ 0.045 mm/y. .
  • the main alloying element has a silicon content of 8.92 wt% and a copper content of 1.98 wt%; the microalloying element has a manganese content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, a magnesium content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, and a zinc content of 0.005. ⁇ 0.23 wt%, zirconium content of 0.62% by weight, cerium content of 0.04%, balance of aluminum.
  • the impact toughness of the high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy obtained by the embodiment is ⁇ 40.1 J/cm 2 , the tensile strength is ⁇ 211 MPa, the elongation after fracture is ⁇ 7.8%, and the corrosion rate of immersion in the 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution for 93 hours is ⁇ 0.042 mm/y. .
  • the above three embodiments further optimize the content of the main alloying elements silicon and copper, and further optimize the content of the microalloying elements zirconium and hafnium.
  • high strength and toughness corrosion resistant aluminum is obtained. Impact toughness, tensile strength, elongation after fracture, and corrosion rate of 93 h immersed in a 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution.
  • the main alloying element has a silicon content of 8.92 wt% and a copper content of 1.98 wt%; the microalloying element has a manganese content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, a magnesium content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%, and a zinc content of 0.005 ⁇ 0.23wt%, zirconium content is 0.62wt%, bismuth content is 0.04%, the obtained high-toughness and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material has a toughness ⁇ 40.1J/cm 2 , tensile strength ⁇ 211MPa, elongation after fracture ⁇ 7.8%
  • the corrosion rate of immersion in a 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution for 93 h is ⁇ 0.042 mm/y, which has the best effect compared to the previous examples.
  • the present invention provides an embodiment in which the main alloying element has a silicon content of 7.93 to 8.92 wt%, a copper content of 1.98 to 2.11 wt%, and a microalloying element having a manganese content of 0.001 to 0.02 wt%.
  • the magnesium content is 0.001 to 0.02 wt%
  • the zinc content is 0.005 to 0.23 wt%
  • the zirconium content is 0.182 to 0.62 wt%
  • the niobium content is 0.0346 to 0.0391 wt% or 0.0391 to 0.04 wt%, which can meet the target product demand, however,
  • the embodiment described in Embodiments 1-3 or other embodiments within the scope may be selected, and in particular, the embodiment described in Embodiment 3 may be selected.
  • the impurity content of the high-toughness and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy may be 0.
  • the high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material provided by the present invention may not be The magazine content controlled to avoid the production requirement in the range of ⁇ 0.05wt%.
  • the main alloying elements (Si, Cu) and microalloying elements (Zr, Sr, Mn, Mg) are studied by theoretical analysis, JMatPro material design software calculation and experimental research. , Zn) and its content on the casting properties (fluidity), microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength and toughness corrosion resistant aluminum alloy.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method of the high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material, which specifically comprises the following steps:
  • Step 1 The aluminum is placed in a high temperature furnace for high temperature melting, and the high temperature melting temperature is 750-800 ° C;
  • Step 2 After being melted into aluminum liquid, the alloying elements Si, Cu, Zr, Sr, Mn, Mg and Zn are sequentially added, so that the final content of each element satisfies the ratio requirement;
  • Step 3 After thorough stirring and melting, remove the waste residue, and then cool the exhaust gas until there is no gas overflow, the temperature of the exhaust gas is 700-750 ° C, and the time is 20-30 min;
  • Step 4 Finally, the casting is carried out, specifically including casting solidification and post-treatment processing, the casting temperature is 680-740 ° C, and the solidification time is controlled to 1-3 min; the post-treatment processing is the treatment of the surface of the aluminum alloy, including annealing and tempering in sequence. deal with.
  • the method for adding the alloying elements in the second step is added in the form of an aluminum-based intermediate alloy, wherein the Al-Si intermediate alloy content is 15.86-17.84 wt%, the mass percentage of Si is 50%; and the Al-Cu intermediate
  • the alloy content is 5.66-6.03 wt%, the mass percentage of Cu is 35%
  • the Al-Zr intermediate alloy content is 1.86-6.33 wt%
  • the mass percentage of Zr is 9.8%
  • the Al-Sr intermediate alloy content is 0.23-0.257 wt% or 0.257- 0.263 wt%, the mass percentage of Sr is 15.2%
  • the content of Al-Mg intermediate alloy is 0.019 to 0.39 wt%, the mass percentage of Mg is 5.1%
  • the content of Al-Mn intermediate alloy is 0.016 to 0.33 wt%, and the mass percentage of Mn is 6 %
  • Al-Zn master alloy is 0.065 to 3.067 wt%, and the mass percentage of Zn is 7.6%
  • a composite aluminum-based intermediate alloy may also be selected, such as an Al-Si-Mg intermediate alloy or an Al-Cu-Mn intermediate alloy, which is added into the aluminum liquid to ensure the ratio of each element in the final aluminum alloy material. Content meets this
  • the invention may be added in the form of any of a plurality of aluminum-based combination master alloys.
  • the aluminum-based master alloy is used instead of the metal element to reduce the burning loss.
  • the intermediate alloy can be self-configured by conventional methods such as aluminothermic or melt-synthesis, or can be purchased in the market according to the ratio;
  • the joining method can be added at one time or after the former intermediate financialization and then adding another intermediate alloy, preferably the latter joining method.
  • the invention realizes the research of the high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material, and prepares the cast aluminum alloy material with excellent casting performance, high toughness and good corrosion resistance.
  • the high-strength and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material prepared by the method can be prepared into a more lightweight product, and can be widely used in industrial fields such as escalators, automobiles, and aviation to reduce the weight of escalators, automobiles, and spacecraft, thereby reducing Energy consumption of escalators, automobiles, and spacecraft, and improve their reliability.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau d'alliage d'aluminium résistant à la corrosion à haute résistance et haute ténacité, contenant 7,93 à 8,92 % en poids de silicium, 1,98 à 2,11 % en poids de cuivre, 0,001 à 0,02 % en poids de manganèse, 0,001 à 0,02 % en poids de magnésium, 0,005 à 0,23 % en poids de zinc, 0,182 à 0,62 % en poids de zirconium et 0,0346 à 0,0391 % en poids ou 0,0391 à 0,04 % en poids de strontium. Sur la base de la conception de composition d'une coulée classique d'un alliage d'aluminium de la série Al-Si-Cu, la teneur en silicium, cuivre, zirconium et strontium est ajustée et la phase silicium de l'alliage d'aluminium est affinée très efficacement, de telle sorte que les dimensions du silicium sont concentrées au niveau submicronique ; de plus, le rapport de la longueur au diamètre est concentré à ≤2, de telle sorte que la ténacité à l'impact du matériau est ≥34,3 J/cm^2, la résistance à la traction est ≥208 MPa, l'allongement après rupture est ≥6,5 % et le taux de corrosion est ≤0,049 mm/y après immersion du matériau de l'invention dans une solution aqueuse à 3,5 % de NaCl pendant 93 h.
PCT/CN2017/084607 2017-05-12 2017-05-16 Matériau d'alliage d'aluminium résistant à la corrosion à haute résistance et haute ténacité et son procédé de fabrication WO2018205287A1 (fr)

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