WO2018197207A1

WO2018197207A1 - Safety helmet and method for producing a safety helmet

Info

Publication number: WO2018197207A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/059220
Authority: WO
Inventors: Istvan Denes; Joachim Strauch
Original assignee: Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date: 2017-04-25
Filing date: 2018-04-11
Publication date: 2018-11-01
Also published as: DE102017206897A1; DE102017206897B4

Abstract

The invention relates to a safety helmet (1), in particular a motorcycle helmet, comprising a first layer (3) and a second layer (4), the first layer (3) and the second layer (4) being arranged one over the other in the shape of a bowl, the first layer (3) and the second layer (4) being connectable by means of a frictional connection.

Description

Description title

Protective helmet and method for producing a protective helmet prior art

The invention relates to a protective helmet, in particular a motorcycle helmet, and a method for producing a protective helmet.

From WO 2014/011802 AI a protective helmet is known, which can absorb acting in a collision linear and rotational accelerations.

Disclosure of the invention

A protective helmet, in particular a motorcycle helmet, with a first layer and with a second layer, wherein the first layer and the second layer are arranged one above the other like a shell and wherein the first layer and the second layer are connectable or detachably connected by a frictional connection has Advantage that the safety helmet safety,

especially a head, a wearer increases. The non-positive

Connection between the first layer and the second layer in this case acts in such a way that forces acting essentially tangentially to a surface of the protective helmet and forces acting essentially perpendicular to the surface of the protective helmet are at least partially absorbed.

Because of the, in particular releasable, frictional connection between the first layer and the second layer can, preferably

situation-dependent, parallel displacement of the first layer relative to the second layer can be ensured. This also increases the ability of the helmet to generate rotational energy, as in the event of a collision

Protective helmets on a surface with a speed component in parallel to the surface occurs to absorb. This may increase the likelihood of rapid head rotation induced by impact

lower whiplash caused. In this context, a dependency of a situation can be understood to mean that, depending on the traffic situation and / or dangerous situation, the frictional connection between the first layer and the second layer is produced. A traffic situation may be represented by driving parameters such as a speed and / or an acceleration to which a wearer of the safety helmet is exposed on a vehicle. These driving parameters can be over

Sensors, such as via satellite-based navigation sensors and / or inertial sensors are detected. It may also include traffic, weather conditions and / or a state of

Road surface to be understood, which, for example, by sensors such as a camera, a radar sensor, a Lidarsensor and / or a

Ultrasonic sensor can be recorded.

Under a protective helmet this can be understood as a motorcycle helmet or a crash helmet. In particular, a protective helmet may be a full-face helmet, a flip-up helmet, a motocross helmet, an enduro helmet, a shark helmet, an open face helmet, a multi-helmet, a riding helmet and / or a bicycle helmet.

The measures listed in the dependent claims are advantageous developments and improvements in the independent

Claim specified device possible.

It is expedient if a force of the frictional connection between the first layer and the second layer is adjustable. This makes it possible to set the situation-dependent shift of the first layer relative to the second layer as a function of a measurable variable. It is particularly advantageous if the force of the non-positive connection is variably adjustable, since this situation-dependent displacement of the first layer relative to the second layer can be set even more precisely. Furthermore, it is advantageous if between the first layer and the second

Layer at least partially, a third layer is arranged, wherein the third layer generates the force of the non-positive connection. As a result, the non-positive connection between the first layer and the second layer can be achieved in a simple manner.

By the third layer comprises an actuator, the frictional

Connection between the first layer and the second layer by

Changing a layer thickness of the third layer can be effectively produced. Furthermore, the force of the non-positive connection between the first layer and the second layer can be specifically adjusted and thus also varied, in particular by deliberately adjusting the layer thickness of the third layer.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the actuator is designed as an electroactive polymer actuator. This makes it possible to provide an actuator in a simple manner and design that can efficiently change the layer thickness of the third layer at least regionally, so that the non-positive connection can be achieved

Allows selective adjustment of the connection between the first layer and the second layer.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the non-positive connection and / or the force of the non-positive connection in dependence of a

Hazard situation and / or a traffic situation representing

Control signal is adjustable. This can provide a protective effect of

Protective helmets are adapted to the wearer depending on the situation. The

Control signal can in this case of a built-in helmet

Control unit, or be generated by an external control unit and forwarded to the actuator or polymer actuator.

It is furthermore advantageous if the first layer and / or the second layer contains a foam, in particular a flexible foam and / or a hard foam, preferably of a duroplastic and / or a thermoplastic. Because a force and / or torque-absorbing protective effect of the helmet can be achieved in a simple manner.

Furthermore, it is expedient if the flexible foam and / or the

Rigid foam is composed of polyurethanes or at least contains polyurethanes, in addition to the thermal, acoustic in particular the mechanical Properties of polyurethanes are easily adjustable, inter alia, on the degree of crosslinking and / or the variable Engmaschigkeit.

According to a further aspect it can be provided that the hard foam and / or the flexible foam is designed as a matrix material, which

Fillers, preferably glass fibers and / or plastic fibers may contain. In this way, the energy-absorbing properties of the first layer and / or the second layer can be selectively influenced and thereby optimized. Here, for example, an open-pore or a

closed-pore structure can be realized in the foams. In addition to the mechanical properties of the addition of fillers and / or the degree of crosslinking, the noise reduction and the

Heat insulation of the first layer and / or the second layer or the protective helmet can be improved.

In a further embodiment of the invention, a layer thickness of the first layer may be in a range between 5 mm and 35 mm, preferably in a range between 10 mm and 30 mm, and particularly preferably in a range between 15 mm and 25 mm, and / or a layer thickness of the second layer are in a range between 5 mm and 35 mm, preferably in a range between 10 mm and 30 mm, and particularly preferably in a range between 15 mm and 25 mm. As a result, the protective effect for the wearer of the protective helmet can advantageously be tuned to an optimum range. Furthermore, it may be advantageous if a layer thickness ratio between the layer thickness of the first layer and the

Layer thickness of the second layer is substantially 1 to 1.

By the first layer and the second layer between an outer

Helmet shell and a lining are embedded, advantageously, the protective effect for the wearer of the protective helmet can be further increased. The outer helmet shell, which may be constructed of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), for example, can absorb up to 40% of the energy acting on the protective helmet in an impact. The outer helmet shell also protects the first layer from external mechanical influences, in particular from excessive material removal when the protective helmet impacts the surface, thereby making the protective helmet more robust. One under the second layer arranged lining increases on the one hand the comfort of the helmet for the wearer and on the other hand, the inner lining can absorb the energy released in an impact in addition to the first layer and the second layer.

The invention furthermore relates to a control unit having a computing unit and to a memory unit, wherein the arithmetic unit is set up to generate a control signal depending on at least one detected measured variable representing a dangerous situation if the at least one measured variable exceeds a threshold stored in the memory unit. The control unit is further configured to set a non-positive connection and / or a force of the frictional connection of a first layer and a second layer of a protective helmet depending on the generated control signal. This has the advantage that a protective effect of the protective helmet can be adapted to the respective situation of the wearer.

Furthermore, a system comprising a protective helmet and a control unit described above is the subject of the invention. By such a system, a situation-dependent adjustable protective effect for a wearer of the protective helmet can be provided in an advantageous manner.

The aforementioned advantages also apply in a corresponding manner to a method for operating a protective helmet.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a cross section of a side view of a protective helmet;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a section of the protective helmet showing a first layer and a second layer with a third layer interposing a frictional connection; FIG. 3 shows a further schematic illustration of the section of the protective helmet showing the first layer and the second layer with the third layer between them without adhesion between the first layer and the second layer;

Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a control unit for the protective helmet; such as

Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a method for operating the

Protective helmet.

FIG. 1 shows a protective helmet 1 in a side view. The protective helmet 1 can in this case be designed as a motorcycle helmet, in particular as a full-face helmet. It can also be a flip-up helmet, a motocross

Helmet, an enduro helmet, a shark helmet, a jet helmet, one

Multihelm, a riding helmet and / or a bicycle helmet. The protective helmet may have an outer helmet shell 2, for example made of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS). Furthermore, the protective helmet 1 has a first layer 3 of a foam, for example consisting of polyurethanes, which may be at least partially enclosed by the outer helmet shell 2. Furthermore, the protective helmet 1 also has a second layer 4 made of a foam, for example consisting of polyurethanes, which is non-positively connected to the first layer. This can be realized, for example, in that the first layer 3 and the second layer 4 are spatially separated from one another by a third layer 20. The third layer 20 may in this case be used, at least in regions, as polymer actuator 30, i. be designed as an electroactive polymer material having actuator, which is variable in its layer thickness. By the polymer actuator 30 increases its layer thickness, it pushes the first layer 3 against the outer helmet shell 2 and the second layer 4 in the direction of an interior of the protective helmet 1. Due to, in the broadest sense at least partially spherical or

spherical shell arranged layers, also acts on the second layer 4, a mechanical resistance. As a result, frictional forces between the first layer 3 and the polymer actuator 30 and the second layer 4 and Polymer actuator 30, whereby the frictional connection between the first layer 3 and the second layer 4 can be generated.

The polymer actuator 30 may, for example, be joined mechanically or adhesively to the first layer 3 and / or the second layer 4. Suitable adhesives are, for example, polyurethane adhesives (PU R adhesives) or epoxy adhesives (epoxy adhesives).

Furthermore, the protective helmet 1 can have an inner lining 5, which is attached underneath the second layer 4 and which increases wearing comfort for a wearer of the protective helmet 1, for example in that it consists of soft, skin-friendly materials.

FIG. 2 shows a detail of the layer structure of FIG. 1. Here, the first layer 3 and the second layer 4 between the outer

Helm shell 2 and the inner lining 5 embedded, wherein the first layer 3 may adjoin the outer helmet shell 2 and the second layer 4 to the

Lining 5 can adjoin. Layer thicknesses of the first layer 3 and the second layer 4 may each be in a range between 5 mm and 35 mm, preferably in a range between 10 mm and 30 mm and particularly preferably in a range between 15 mm and 25 mm, wherein a sum of Layer thicknesses of the first layer 3 and the layer thickness of the second layer 4 in a range between 10 mm and 70 mm, preferably in a range between 30mm and 50 mm and particularly preferably in a range between 35 mm and 45 mm. In particular, the sum of the

Layer thicknesses 40 mm. Here can be a ratio of the two

Layer thicknesses preferably 1 to 1. Furthermore, the third layer 20, designed as a polymer actuator 30, is shown between the first layer 3 and the second layer 4. The polymer actuator 30 has a first electrode 31 and a second electrode 32 connected to an external power supply 33. The first electrode 31 adjoins the first layer 3, the second electrode adjoins the second layer 4. In a first

Operating state without application of a voltage between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, the polymer actuator 30 has its largest

Layer thickness, through which he the first layer 3 and the second layer. 4 pushes apart. The resulting opposing force, ie the force 7a, with which the first layer 3 and the second layer 4 are pressed against each other, is indicated by two arrows pointing in the opposite direction to the layer structure. Furthermore, the resulting friction forces 8a are shown as two parallel opposite arrows within the layer structure. The external power supply 33 and / or not one

shown, associated power electronics can in this case be arranged on the protective helmet 1 or integrated in the protective helmet 1. The foam comprising the first layer 3 and second layer 4 is in this case designed to at least partially absorb the energy which acts perpendicular to the outer layer 2 on the protective helmet 1. This happens because the first layer and / or the second layer 4 at least partially irreversibly deform.

FIG. 3 once again shows the detail from FIG. 2, but with an applied external voltage, which is indicated by a plus and minus symbol. By applying an external voltage to the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, between the electrodes 31, 32, in a second operating state, an electrostatic attractive force acts, which is the

intermediate polymer presses together. This also reduces the force 7b with which the first layer 3 and the second layer 4

be compressed. This is illustrated graphically as reduced arrows 7b. As a consequence, also reduce the friction forces 8b, also as

shown reduced, parallel opposite arrows within the layer structure, whereby the first layer 3 and the second layer 4 can be moved easily relative to each other in parallel. This effect protects the wearer of the protective helmet 1, in particular a head or a head part of the wearer from injuries or minimizes them at least in the case of an impact on a roadway or a road. Since such an impact is usually not only from a stand of the wearer, but rather from a ride out, for example, during a motorcycle accident on a ride on the road, not only affects the protective helmet 1 and thus on the wearer's head Force component perpendicular to a surface of the protective helmet 1 but also a force component tangential to the surface of the protective helmet first Therefore, it is advantageous if the protective helmet 1 can at least partially absorb the tangential force component by relatively parallel displacement of the first layer 3 against the second layer 4. To carry out a method for operating the protective helmet 1 is a

Control unit 40 is provided, as shown schematically in Figure 4. This control unit 40 detects a first measured variable M representing a hazardous situation by at least one sensor element 41. The sensor element 41 can be designed as a global navigation satellite sensor, as an inertial sensor, as a camera, as a radar sensor, as a lidar sensor and / or as an ultrasound sensor. The measured variable M can represent, for example, a speed and / or an acceleration, which is exposed to a wearer of the protective helmet 1 on or in a vehicle. Furthermore, the measured variable may also represent a traffic volume, weather conditions and / or a condition of a road surface.

If required, the detected measured variable M can be stored in a memory unit 43 of the control unit 40. Starting from the acquired measured variable M, an arithmetic unit 44 leads in the

Control unit 40, the method 100 described below by and generates depending on the detected measured variable M, an output signal S, which drives, for example, the external power supply 33. The control unit 40, the external power supply 33 and / or a power electronics, not shown, may in this case be arranged on the protective helmet 1 or integrated in the protective helmet 1.

The method 100 in a preferred embodiment will be described with reference to the flow chart of FIG. First, in a first driving step 101, an output signal S for the external power supply

33 is generated to drive the polymer actuator 30 in a first operating state such that the frictional connection between the first layer 3 and the second layer 4 is released. Now, in a detection step 102, a measurement variable M representing a hazardous situation and / or traffic situation is detected by a sensor element 41. After that takes place in one

Comparison step 103 is a comparison of the acquired measured variable with a previously in The reference value R stored by the memory unit R by the arithmetic unit 44. The reference variable R can be an acute danger situation and / or

Traffic situation in which it is assumed that a fall and / or impact of the wearer of the protective helmet 1 is imminent, with a force acting on the helmet 1 and thus on the head of the wearer torque is expected. If the comparison step 102 is negative, then the detection step 101 is repeated.

If the comparison step 103 is positive, i. If an acute dangerous situation and / or traffic situation is to be expected, then in a first output step 105 the output signal S is passed on unchanged to the external voltage supply 33 in order to control the polymer actuator 30 in such a way that the

Adhesion between the first layer 3 and the second layer 4

remains suspended.

Optionally, in a second detection step 104, which is between the

Comparison step 103 and before the first output step 105, a further, a measured and / or expected, acting on the head of the wearer torque measuring variable D are detected. The further measured variable D can then be stored in a second comparison step 106 with at least one previously stored in the memory unit 43

Reference torque RDi be compared by the arithmetic unit 44.

In particular, the comparison can be carried out with a plurality of different reference torques RD _n previously stored in the memory unit 43. If the second comparison step 106 is negative, ie the measured and / or expected torque D does not reach at least one of the reference torques RD _n , then a second output step 107 occurs. In the second output step 107, the polymer actuator 30 in the first

Operating state controlled such that the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are switched off. As a result, the layer thickness of the polymer actuator 30 increases and the frictional connection between the first layer 3 and the second layer 4 is produced.

If the second comparison step 106 is positive, ie if the measured and / or expected torque D reaches at least one of the reference torques RD _n , then in a third output step 108 a further output signal S _{n is produced} generated and passed to the external power supply 33 to drive the polymer actuator 30 such that between the first layer 3 and second layer 4, a frictional connection with a certain force is produced. In this case, the force of the non-positive connection corresponds to a force previously stored in the storage unit 43 and associated with the respectively achieved reference torque RD _n . In this way it can be ensured that in the event of a fall of the wearer of the protective helmet 1, the protective effect is optimally adapted to the torque acting from outside on the protective helmet 1.

Claims

Protective helmet (1), in particular motorcycle helmet, with a first layer (3) and with a second layer (4), wherein the first layer (3) and the second layer (4) are arranged one above the other like a shell, characterized in that the first layer (3) and the second layer (4) are connectable by a non-positive connection.

Protective helmet (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a force (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) of the frictional connection between the first layer (3) and the second layer (4) is adjustable.

Protective helmet (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that between the first layer (3) and the second layer (4) at least partially a third layer (20) is arranged, wherein the third layer (20) the force (7a 7b, 8a, 8b) of the frictional connection.

Protective helmet (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the third layer (20) comprises an actuator.

Protective helmet (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the actuator is designed as an electroactive polymer actuator (30).

Protective helmet (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the non-positive connection and / or the force (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) of the non-positive connection in dependence of a dangerous situation representing control signal (S, S _n ) is adjustable.

Method (100) for operating a protective helmet (1), in particular a motorcycle helmet, wherein a first layer (3) and a second layer (4) of the protective helmet (1) are arranged one above the other like a shell, characterized in that the first layer (3) and the second layer (4) is non-positively connected in a first operating state by a non-positive connection. Method (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that the force (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) of the frictional connection between the first layer (3) and the second layer (4) is adjusted.

Method (100) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that between the first layer (3) and the second layer (4) at least partially a third layer (20) is arranged, wherein the third layer (20) the force (7a 7b, 8a, 8b) of the frictional connection.

Method (100) according to claim 7 to 9, characterized in that the non-positive connection and / or the force (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) of the frictional connection in dependence of a

Hazardous situation representing control signal (S, S _n ) is set.

Control unit (40) with a computing unit (44) and with a

Memory unit (43), in particular for carrying out the method (100) according to one of Claims 7 to 10, wherein the arithmetic unit (44) is set up a control signal (S, S) depending on at least one detected measured variable (M, D) representing a dangerous situation. S _n ) when the at least one measured variable (M, D) exceeds a threshold value (RD _n ) stored in the memory unit (43), and a force-locking connection and / or a function of the generated control signal (S, S _n ) Force (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) of the non-positive connection of a first layer (3) and a second layer (4) of a protective helmet (1) adjust.

System consisting of a protective helmet (1) according to one of

Claims 1 to 6 and a control unit (40) according to claim 11.