WO2018196727A1 - 电池电力延续装置及电池电力延续方法 - Google Patents

电池电力延续装置及电池电力延续方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018196727A1
WO2018196727A1 PCT/CN2018/084161 CN2018084161W WO2018196727A1 WO 2018196727 A1 WO2018196727 A1 WO 2018196727A1 CN 2018084161 W CN2018084161 W CN 2018084161W WO 2018196727 A1 WO2018196727 A1 WO 2018196727A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
energy storage
storage module
power
fast energy
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PCT/CN2018/084161
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林子闵
王振中
Original Assignee
天扬精密科技股份有限公司
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Priority to KR1020197033037A priority Critical patent/KR20190139937A/ko
Publication of WO2018196727A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018196727A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of battery power supply systems, and in particular, to a battery power continuation device and a battery power continuation method.
  • the jump start is the battery of the startup system.
  • the other electrode is connected in parallel with the two electrodes so that the starting device has sufficient voltage value for triggering.
  • any voltage on the vehicle that requires the use of a battery will cause the voltage of the battery to drop instantaneously. Therefore, how to stabilize the voltage of the battery to prolong the life of the electronic device and the ignition system, and how to increase the life of the battery need to be solved.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a battery power continuation device and method, so that a battery power supply system can achieve the purpose of assisting battery activation by a battery power continuation device, and a stable start can be achieved when the system is in normal operation.
  • the efficacy of the battery voltage which in turn extends the life of the starter battery and the in-vehicle electronics.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery power continuation device capable of reducing the peak load of the battery, prolonging the service life of the battery, and accurately detecting the battery life state, thereby realizing the exhaustion of battery power, so that the user can use it with confidence. Replace the battery before the battery power, to reduce battery resource waste and environmental pollution caused by early battery replacement.
  • the battery power continuation device of the present invention is applied to a battery power supply system and includes a switching device and a processing circuit.
  • the switching device is used to control the connection between the fast energy storage module and the starting battery.
  • the processing circuit is operative to switch the operation of the switching device in response to a plurality of operating modes, including controlling the switching device to cause the fast energy storage module to be connected in parallel to activate the battery when in the startup mode.
  • the switching device is controlled to disconnect the fast energy storage module from the startup battery, and wherein the trigger signal is generated according to the operation stop signal of the battery power supply system.
  • the present invention also provides a battery power continuation method comprising a parallel step and a charging step.
  • the parallel step is used to control the switching device in the startup mode for the fast energy storage module to be connected in parallel with the startup battery.
  • the charging step is used to control the switching device when the charging mode is entered according to the trigger signal, so that the fast energy storage module is disconnected from the starting battery, and the starting battery can be used as a power source to charge the fast energy storage module through the processing circuit. Until the fast energy storage module reaches the startable voltage value. And wherein the trigger signal is generated according to an operation stop signal of the battery power supply system.
  • the fast energy storage module can be charged to the startable voltage by the battery immediately, or the fast energy storage module can be charged when the voltage is lower than the voltage value.
  • the battery power continuation device of the present invention further includes a measuring circuit for detecting and comparing the load-carrying electrical changes of the battery at different startups, and in the battery A replacement warning is generated when a low-loaded power condition is met.
  • the trigger signal can cause the processing circuit to disconnect the start battery and the fast energy storage module in parallel, and allow the battery to charge the fast energy storage module to a bootable voltage.
  • the battery and the fast energy storage module are connected in parallel at startup so that the battery powered system can be activated by the power of the fast energy storage module. Therefore, when restarting, the battery does not need to charge the fast energy storage module as in the prior art, but immediately allows the fast module of sufficient power to be used as an auxiliary for the battery to start the battery power system load, which will reduce the battery to be instantaneously excited.
  • the purpose of ensuring the successful start of the rapid energy storage module and reducing the aging or degradation of the battery caused by the violent pumping at the time of starting can achieve the purpose of extending the life of the starting battery and the vehicle electronic device as described above. Moreover, by enabling the fast energy storage module to be connected in parallel with the battery during normal operation of the system, the starting battery voltage can be maintained stable and the voltage stabilization effect can be achieved.
  • the energy storage module of the present invention is pre-charged and stored in the normal mode, so only a small amount of battery power is sufficient to meet the startup requirement, and then The detection and warning of the battery performance will enable the battery to be replaced with a true minimum minimum remaining power state that is sufficient to charge the fast energy storage module to the bootable voltage, so that the battery can be truly safely used.
  • the function of all available electric energy improves the conventional measurement of the internal resistance of the battery without the parallel start of the fast energy storage module, that is, the resource that is replaced when the battery has not reached the state that is truly unusable.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery power continuation device and a battery power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the steps of a battery power continuation method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a battery power continuation device with a battery power supply system according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the steps of a startup mode of a battery power continuation method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a starter motor and a starter battery according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5B is a timing diagram of load voltage and load current when the starter motor is started according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a starter motor, a fast energy storage module, and a starter battery according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • V L voltage of the starter motor
  • the figure is a block diagram of a battery power continuation device of the present invention in conjunction with a battery power supply system.
  • the battery power continuation device 10 of the present invention is connected to the battery power supply system 30.
  • the battery power supply system 30 is a vehicle starting system, and the battery power continuation device 10 is used to activate the power supply assistance of the battery 33.
  • the battery powered system 30 includes a starter motor 31 and a starter battery 33 that connects the starter battery 33. In the normal start mode, the starter motor 31 is powered by the starter battery 33 to achieve the purpose of starting, thereby driving the engine to operate.
  • the battery power supply system 30 is a well-known technology in the industry, and will not be described here.
  • the battery power continuation device 10 mainly includes a processing circuit 11 and a switch 15, and may further include a fast energy storage module 13.
  • the input terminal 111 of the processing circuit 11 is connected to the starter battery 33 of the battery power supply system 30.
  • the fast energy storage module 13 is connected to the output 113 of the processing circuit 11.
  • the switch 15 is connected to the output end 113 of the processing circuit 11, the fast energy storage module 13, and the starter battery 33 of the battery power supply system 30.
  • the processing circuit 11 disconnects the connection between the fast energy storage module 13 and the startup battery 33 via the switch 15 according to the trigger signal, and charges the fast energy storage module 13 until the voltage value of the fast energy storage module 13 reaches the startup voltage value.
  • the processing circuit 11 may be hardware, firmware or software or machine executable program code stored in a memory and loaded by a microprocessor or a digital signal processor. If implemented by hardware, the processing circuit 11 may be implemented by a single integrated circuit chip, or may be completed by multiple circuit chips, but the invention is not limited thereto. The plurality of circuit chips or the single integrated circuit chip may be implemented by using an special function integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic gate array (FPGA).
  • ASIC special function integrated circuit
  • FPGA programmable logic gate array
  • the above memory may be, for example, a random access memory, a read only memory, or a flash memory.
  • the processing circuit 11 includes a buck-boost module 115 for adjusting the voltage value of the input terminal 111 and outputting the voltage to the output terminal 113.
  • the buck-boost module 115 is configured to increase the voltage value of the input terminal 111, that is, to make the voltage value of the output terminal 113 higher than the voltage value of the input terminal 111 to charge the fast energy storage module 13.
  • other charging circuits such as a boost module or other circuits, may be selected for charging the fast energy storage module 13, so it is not limited to the buck-boost module.
  • the fast energy storage module 13 is a super capacitor.
  • the charging and discharging speed of the super capacitor is faster than the starting battery 33 and the life is longer than the starting battery 33. Therefore, the super capacitor can be accumulated in a short time. The voltage required at startup.
  • the fast energy storage module 13 is not limited to the super capacitor.
  • the trigger signal is provided by the trigger switch 17, and the trigger switch 17 is connected to the processing circuit 11.
  • the trigger signal is generated when the trigger switch 17 is turned on and is supplied to the processing circuit 11, and the processing circuit 11 commands the switch 15 according to the trigger signal.
  • the connection of the battery 33 and the fast energy storage module 13 is turned on, and then the fast energy storage module 13 is charged.
  • the trigger signal may also be provided to the processing circuit 11 by other trigger circuits or other forms. Therefore, the generation and provision of the trigger signal is not limited to the embodiment.
  • the switch 15 may be a relay, a transistor, or an electronic circuit. Therefore, the switch 15 is not limited to a single switch component.
  • the processing circuit 11 can also be used to detect the performance status of the boot battery 33 and correspondingly generate a reminder (or alert information).
  • the performance status of the start battery 33 includes output voltage, battery internal resistance, and battery life percentage.
  • the generated reminders can include, for example, transmission through a display, a light, or a speaker.
  • the display can display the performance status of the starter battery 33.
  • the lamp can be used to remind the start of the performance state of the battery 33 by using different visible light colors, such as red, yellow, and green.
  • the battery power supply system 30 when the battery power supply system 30 can be normally started, it indicates that the voltage of the start battery 33 is sufficient for the starter motor 31 of the battery power supply system 30 to operate. Therefore, during normal startup, the switch 15 is activated according to the battery power supply system 30. The signal is turned on, and the starter battery 33 and the fast energy storage module 13 are electrically connected in parallel.
  • the start signal may be provided directly by the battery power supply system 30 or provided by the battery power supply system 30 to the processing circuit 11 and then supplied to the switch 15 by the processing circuit 11.
  • the enable signal is known in the art to be generated by a start switch (not shown) of the battery powered system 30, and thus will not be described herein.
  • the switch 15 is turned on to form a parallel connection relationship between the starter battery 33 and the fast energy storage module 13.
  • the parallel connection relationship makes the voltage value of the fast energy storage module 13 substantially the same as the voltage value of the start battery 33.
  • the processing circuit 11 The fast energy storage module 13 is not charged.
  • the battery power continuation device 10 of the present invention can enter the voltage stabilization mode through the fast energy storage module 13 to stabilize the voltage, thereby effectively improving the stability and service life of the vehicle electronic product, and extending the vehicle ignition system. Life expectancy.
  • the fast energy storage module 13 has a faster charge and discharge capability than the start battery 33, and therefore, the fast energy storage module 13 can quickly accumulate to a higher voltage value.
  • the charging mode of the battery power continuation device 10 can assist in starting the battery power supply system 30 for startup.
  • the processing circuit 11 disconnects the electrical connection between the starting battery 33 and the fast energy storage module 13 through the switch 15 according to the trigger signal, and transmits the power of the remaining starting battery 33 to the fast.
  • the energy storage module 13 performs charging so that the fast energy storage module 13 can accumulate to a higher voltage value.
  • the battery power supply system 30 needs a large instantaneous current, that is, it can be preferentially extracted from the fast energy storage module 13 at startup, so Starting the battery 33 does not prematurely damage the life due to the rapid extraction of large currents.
  • the charging mode is operated by the trigger switch 17 to cause the processing circuit 11 to enter the charging mode. Then, the processing circuit 11 controls the OFF 15 according to the trigger signal to form an open state.
  • the open state means that the starting battery 33 and the fast energy storage module 13 are not formed.
  • the parallel energy storage module 13 can be charged by the starting battery 33 through the buck-boost module 115 of the processing circuit 11, and the voltage value thereof is raised to the voltage value of the startable vehicle, and then the processing circuit 11 is activated according to the startup.
  • the signal control switch 15 is in an on state.
  • the conduction state means that the startup battery 33 and the fast energy storage module 13 form a parallel connection.
  • the conduction switch 15 is manufactured by the fast energy storage module 13 to provide an instantaneous high voltage to the battery power supply system 30. Current to start the car. Finally, after the battery powered system 30 is activated, the battery power continuation device 10 of the present invention enters the aforementioned voltage regulation.
  • the starter battery 33 is connected in parallel with the fast energy storage module 13. Therefore, when the battery power supply system 30 is started, the battery power supply system 30 can be activated by the high voltage value of the fast energy storage module 13. To achieve the purpose of the start.
  • the rated voltage value of the normal starting battery 33 is 12.6 volts, indicating that the battery power supply system 30 can be normally started. If the voltage value of the starting battery 33 is 11 volts or less, the power of the starting battery 33 for instantaneous discharge is insufficient, that is, The starter battery 33 cannot supply sufficient starting current to the starter motor 31. Therefore, the battery power continuation device 10 of the present invention, after quickly charging the fast energy storage module 13, raises its starting voltage value to 14 volts, which can be used as a start. The starting power of the motor 31 or the auxiliary power of the battery 33 is activated.
  • the starting battery 33 is also connected in parallel with the fast energy storage module 13, and the starting battery 33 is charged. Therefore, the voltage of the starting battery 33 should be maintained at about 14 volts.
  • the energy storage module 13 can also be maintained at about 14 volts, so that the purpose of stably starting the voltage of the battery 33 can be achieved.
  • the generation and provision of the trigger signal is not limited to the description of the embodiment.
  • the main technical idea of the present invention is to disconnect the boot battery 33 from the fast energy storage module 13 through a trigger signal, so that the fast energy storage module 13 is charged, and During the startup and after the successful start, the operation is kept in parallel, and an auxiliary start and voltage regulation mode function is performed. Therefore, in addition to when the battery power supply system 30 fails to start, by providing the trigger signal to the processing circuit 11 by pressing the trigger switch 17, so that the processing circuit 11 enters the charging mode including the rescue, the processing can be processed in a modified example.
  • the circuit 11 automatically receives the start failure signal to generate a trigger signal, and automatically enters the charging mode, instead of pressing the trigger switch 17 to enter the charging mode.
  • the battery power continuation device 10 can automatically enter the charging mode when the vehicle is turned off and the engine is stopped, so that when the vehicle is not running, the processing circuit 11
  • the trigger signal may be generated according to the operation stop signal of the battery power supply system 30, so that the fast energy storage module 13 automatically disconnects from the start battery 33 when the battery power supply system 30 stops operating, and is charged by the start battery 33 to wait for When the car is started, it can quickly enter the parallel state due to the start signal, and provide more sufficient power to assist in starting the start of the battery 23, ensuring that the car can be successfully started.
  • the fast energy storage module 13 maintains the parallel relationship with the starting battery 33 during the normal operation after starting, the voltage regulation function is maintained.
  • the fast energy storage module may not be charged first, but the battery 33 is charged when the power condition meets the required charging condition, which is in the normal operation mode. This can be done in parallel with the fast energy storage module, while still achieving the object and effect of the present invention.
  • the car starter battery 33 is taken as an example to assist in starting.
  • the battery power continuation device of the starter battery power supply system disclosed in the present invention is not limited to the start battery of the automobile, and the battery power continues.
  • the device can also be applied to various possible devices that activate the battery in various configurations to require a large amount of power to start the motor, such as a wireless vacuum cleaner, a diesel generator, or the like, or a battery that is powered by a battery but requires a large load such as a large current. power supply system. Therefore, the so-called start-up is only a representative term, which actually includes any condition and system that requires a large current, and thus the boot battery is referred to herein as a non-start-up battery.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the steps of a battery power continuation method according to an embodiment of the present invention, which may be used in the battery power continuation device 10 shown in FIG. 1, but the invention is not limited thereto. .
  • step S210 it is determined by the processing circuit 11 whether or not a trigger signal is received. If the result of the determination in step S210 is NO, it indicates that the processing circuit 11 has not received the trigger signal, so that the parallel step shown in step S220 can be performed through the processing circuit 11.
  • the switch 15 can be controlled by the processing circuit 11 in the normal operation mode and the startup mode to allow the fast energy storage module 13 to be connected in parallel with the starter battery 33.
  • step S230 when the charging mode is entered according to the trigger signal, the switch 15 is controlled by the processing circuit 11, so that the fast energy storage module 13 is disconnected from the parallel connection of the starting battery 33, and the battery 33 is activated as a power source.
  • the processing circuit 11 charges the fast energy storage module 13 until the fast energy storage module 13 reaches a bootable voltage value.
  • the parallel step (ie, step S220) and the charging step (ie, step S230) described above are switched in accordance with various operation modes.
  • sufficient teachings, suggestions, and implementation descriptions may be obtained from the related description of FIG. 1, and thus will not be described again.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a battery power continuation device and a battery power supply system according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • the battery power continuation device 20 is connected to the battery power supply system 30.
  • the battery power supply system 30 of FIG. 3 is similar to the battery power supply system 30 of FIG. 1. Therefore, the related description of FIG. 1 above may be referred to, and details are not described herein again.
  • the battery power continuation device 20 of FIG. 3 may also include a processing circuit 11, a switch 15 and a fast energy storage module 13, wherein the processing circuit 11, the switch 15 and the fast energy storage module of FIG. 13 can refer to the relevant description of Figure 1 above, and will not be described here.
  • the battery power continuation device 20 of FIG. 3 may further include a measurement circuit 24, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments of the present invention, the measurement circuit 24 may also be used. Integrated into the processing circuit 11.
  • the measuring circuit 24 is coupled to the fast energy storage module 13 , the starting battery 33 , and the processing circuit 11 .
  • the measuring circuit 24 can be used to measure the open circuit voltage of the starting battery 33 and to activate the internal resistance of the battery 33.
  • the measuring circuit 24 can also be used to measure the load voltage or load voltage (including peak and average values), load current or load current (including peak value) when the starter motor 31 (ie, the load) is activated.
  • the average value of the start-up time, the load current, the load voltage, etc. of the start battery 33 or the fast energy storage module can also be separately measured at the start, and can be calculated according to the measured load current, voltage, start time, etc. Start the power.
  • the measuring circuit 24 can also be used to measure the charging voltage of the fast energy storage module and the like.
  • the measuring circuit 24 can be implemented by using a voltage measuring circuit, a current measuring circuit and a resistance measuring circuit which are well known in the industry, and therefore will not be described herein.
  • the judgment of starting the battery performance is mainly judged under the framework of the battery power continuation device disclosed in the present invention.
  • at least one of the fast energy storage module 13 and the startup battery 33 can be measured to provide the startup power required to start the motor 31, so the processing circuit 11 can pass through the measurement circuit 24
  • the above-mentioned information measured for example, the open circuit voltage of the starting battery 33, the internal resistance value of the starting battery 33, the load voltage and the load current when the starting motor 31 is started, and the length of the starting time, and the pumping current of the starting battery, pumping
  • the load voltage is used to estimate the startup power of the starter motor 31 and the output power provided by the battery 33, and the processing circuit 11 can determine the start battery 33 based on the ratio between the output power of the start battery 33 and the start power of the starter motor 31.
  • the performance state, or whether the ratio of the output power of the starting battery 33 at different startups is lower than a specific value for comparison.
  • the performance of the starting battery 33 will gradually decrease, resulting in the output power that it can provide. gradually decreases.
  • the fast energy storage module 13 is connected in parallel with the startup battery during startup, in this configuration, the output energy required by the rapid energy storage module 13 is inevitably provided when the startup power of the startup motor 31 is constant. gradually increase. Therefore, by calculating the ratio of the output power of the starting battery 33 to the starting power of the starting motor 31, the performance state of the starting battery 33 can be more accurately estimated.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the steps of the startup mode and the measurement startup mode of the battery power continuation method according to an embodiment of the invention, which can be used in the battery power extension device shown in FIG. 20 and detecting the performance state of the starter battery 33, but the invention is not limited thereto.
  • step S410 after the boot battery 33 in the battery power supply system 30 is replaced, or when the battery power continuation device 20 is just enabled, the processing circuit 11 resets the variable N to zero.
  • step S412 the open circuit voltage of the start battery 33 and the internal resistance value of the start battery 33 can be measured by the measurement circuit 24.
  • the processing circuit 11 can determine whether the starter motor 31 is activated based on the start signal.
  • step S430 the processing circuit 11 can determine whether the variable N is 1. If the variable N is 1, it means that the starting battery 33 supplies power to the starter motor 31 for the first time, at which time the battery power continuation device 20 enters a measurement start mode, and the processing circuit 11 controls the switch 15 to cause the start battery 33 to be disconnected and fast stored.
  • the modules 13 are connected in parallel, and the output power of the starting battery 33 is used as the starting power of the starting motor 31, as shown in step S440.
  • the starter battery 33 is first supplied to the starter motor 31, the starter power of the starter motor 31 is supplied only by the starter battery 33, and its equivalent circuit is as shown in FIG.
  • E represents the open circuit voltage of the starter battery 33
  • r TH represents the internal resistance value of the starter battery 33
  • V L represents the voltage of the starter motor 31 (i.e., load voltage)
  • I L represents the current of the starter motor 31 (i.e., load current)
  • R L represents the impedance value of the starter motor 31.
  • the measured starting energy at this time is in a measurement start mode, and thus is provided by the starter battery alone.
  • it can also be designed to be started and measured only by the fast energy storage module, or can be measured by the starter battery and the fast energy storage module, so as described above, it can be used quickly.
  • At least one of the energy storage module 13 and the starter battery 33 provides the startup power required to start the motor 31.
  • step S442 the load voltage V L (t), the load current I L (t), and the start-up time length T when the starter motor 31 is activated can be measured through the measurement circuit 24, wherein the load voltage V L (t) and the load current I L (t) are variables that change with time.
  • step S444 the processing circuit 11 can calculate the startup power J L of the startup motor 31 according to the measured load voltage V L (t), the load current I L (t), and the startup time length T, As shown in the formula (1), the operator * of the formula (1) represents a product operation (Convolution).
  • the measuring circuit 24 can detect the starting time length of the starting motor 31 according to the load voltage or load current of the starting motor 31.
  • FIG. 5B is a timing diagram of the load voltage V L and the load current I L when the starter motor 31 is activated according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis. Indicates the voltage value or current value.
  • the starter motor 31 requires a large instantaneous current (i.e., load current I L ) to start, so the measurement circuit 24 can estimate the start-up time of the starter motor 31 based on the magnitude of the measured load current I L . Length T (as shown in Figure 5B).
  • the load current I L will generate a voltage drop across the internal resistance when flowing through the internal resistance of the starter battery 33 (its resistance is r TH ), resulting in a load voltage V. L decreases, so the amount of sensing circuit 24 may also be estimated start time of length T 31 (FIG. 5B) a starter motor according to the measured magnitude of the load L of the voltage V.
  • step S430 if the variable N is not 1, it indicates that the battery power continuation device 20 is operating in the startup mode and the start battery 33 is not powered for the first time to the starter motor 31, and the processing circuit 11 can be The switch 15 is controlled such that the fast energy storage module 13 is connected in parallel to the starter battery 33 to collectively provide the starting power of the starter motor 31, as shown in step S450.
  • the starter battery 33 when the starter battery 33 is not powered for the first time to the starter motor 31, the starter power of the starter motor 31 will be provided by the starter battery 33 and the fast energy storage module 13, the equivalent circuit of which is shown in FIG.
  • r TH represents the starting battery 33 internal resistance
  • C represents the capacitance value of the fast energy storage module 13
  • r C indicates the resistance value (negligible) fast energy storage module 13
  • V L represents a starter motor
  • the voltage of 31 i.e., the load voltage
  • I L represents the current of the starter motor 31 (i.e., the load current)
  • R L represents the impedance value of the starter motor 31.
  • step S452 the load voltage at the time when the starter motor 31 is activated can be measured by the measurement circuit 24.
  • step S454 the output power (or the output power) provided by the fast energy storage module 13 is calculated by the processing circuit 11 according to the capacitance value C, the open circuit voltage E and the load voltage V L of the fast energy storage module 13
  • the electric energy) J C is as shown in the formula (2), and the processing circuit 11 can calculate the starting battery according to the starting electric energy J L of the formula (1) and the output electric energy J C of the fast energy storage module 13 represented by the formula (2).
  • 33 provides output power (or carrier energy is drawn starting batteries) J E, as shown in formula (3).
  • step S456 the processing circuit 11 can calculate the ratio of the output electric energy J E of the starting battery 33 to the starting electric energy J L of the starting motor 31. Then, in step S458, the processing circuit 11 can determine whether the performance state of the boot battery 33 is normal according to the above ratio. If the result of the determination in step S458 is normal, the process returns to step S412 to wait for the performance detecting operation of the starter battery 33 in which the next start of the motor 31 is started. If the result of the determination in step S458 is abnormal, the processing circuit 11 may generate an alert message as shown in step S460.
  • step S458 when the ratio of the output electric energy J E to the starting electric energy J L is less than the first critical value, the processing circuit 11 may determine that the performance state of the starting battery 33 is abnormal, and in the step A warning message is generated in S460.
  • the processing circuit 11 can transmit and display the above warning information on the display, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments of the invention, the processing circuit 11 can also alert the user via a light or speaker or the like.
  • the processing circuit 11 can also generate different warning information according to different ratios of the output power J E to the starting power J L . For example, when the ratio of the output power J E to the startup power J L is less than the first threshold but greater than the second threshold, the processing circuit 11 may issue a warning that the startup capability of the startup battery 33 is insufficient (or the battery life is coming to an end) Information wherein the first threshold is greater than the second threshold. In addition, when the ratio of the output electric energy J E to the starting electric energy J L is less than the second critical value, the processing circuit 11 can issue a warning message that the starting ability of the starting battery 33 is seriously insufficient (or the battery is immediately replaced).
  • the first threshold value and the second threshold value described above may be set according to actual application or design requirements.
  • the processing circuit 11 can also display the number of times the startup battery 33 can start the starter motor 31 according to the ratio of the output power J E to the startup power J L , as a reminder to the user. Replace the reference basis for starting the battery 33.
  • the processing circuit 11 can also determine the performance state of the boot battery 33 based on the measured internal resistance value r TH of the boot battery 33 and the ratio of the output power J E to the startup power J L . . For example, when the ratio is less than the first threshold and the internal resistance value r TH is greater than the reference resistance value, the processing circuit 11 may determine that the performance state of the startup battery 33 is abnormal and generate warning information.
  • the performance state of the starter battery 33 detected by the processing circuit 11 reflects that the starter battery 33 is currently performing the starter motor 31.
  • the actual performance state of the discharge. Therefore, the performance state detecting operation of the starting battery 33 of the present invention can be detected more accurately than the performance state of the battery detected by the hand-held battery analyzer for discharging the battery for a short time and a small current.
  • the performance state of the battery 33 is activated under actual operation to ensure that the user can replace the starter battery 33 at an appropriate time before the start battery 33 completely loses power.
  • the performance warning of the starting battery 33 is determined by the ratio of the output power J E of the starting battery to the total starting power J L , which is lower than a default value by the pumping energy condition, and The output power of the starting battery can be directly measured, or by measuring the output power of the fast capacitor, and then calculating the output power of the starting battery 33.
  • the warning of battery performance can also be obtained by comparison of other data.
  • the low-loaded electric energy condition may mean that the ratio of the pumped electric energy of the battery to the extracted energy of the fast energy storage module is less than a specific value; or the first time that the battery electric power continuation device of the present invention is disclosed
  • the battery is charged with electric energy measured during use, and the ratio of the recently extracted electric energy of the battery is less than a specific value as a criterion for judgment.
  • the alert information may be sent only when the boot battery 33 meets a low-loaded power condition.
  • the measurement of the low-loaded electrical energy condition is as described above, except that the comparison data is different, and thus the details thereof will not be described again.
  • the performance of the boot battery can also be judged directly by the value of the pumped current of the boot battery being lower than a specific value. Therefore, in summary, in conjunction with the parallel mode of the fast energy storage module and the starting battery disclosed in the present invention, and by measuring the pumped power of the starting battery, in addition to using the starting battery to the extreme, it may reach the original service life 2 ⁇ 4 times or even longer, and can prompt the user to replace the boot battery before using it.

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Abstract

电池电力延续装置包括开关装置（15）及处理电路（11）。处理电路在启动模式时，控制开关装置使快速储能模块（13）并联连接电池（33）；在依据触发信号进入充电模式时，控制开关装置使快速储能模块断开与电池的并联连接。藉由电池供电系统停止运转时产生触发信号而对快速储能模块充电，使电池供电系统启动时，并联足够电量的快速储能模块作辅助，减低电池本身在启动时的被抽载电能，进而延长电池使用寿命，并使电池在较低电能状态下，仍能达成正常启动功能，从而可真正用尽电池电能。藉由电池性能侦测，让用户更能放心地用尽电池所有可用的电能。

Description

电池电力延续装置及电池电力延续方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电池供电系统领域有关，尤其涉及一种电池电力延续装置及电池电力延续方法。
背景技术
目前，车辆若发生欠电压(启动电池没电)时，车辆是无法被原有的启动系统启动，因此，启动系统需进行跨接启动(jump start)，跨接启动是在启动系统的电池的两电极端并联另一电池，以使启动装置有足够的电压值来做触发。
这种跨接启动的方式不仅麻烦，还可能会因为电池的电极接错而发生危险。
再者，车辆上任何需要使用电池的电子装置启动瞬间都会让电池的电压瞬间下降，因此，如何稳定电池的电压来延长电子装置及点火系统寿命，以及如何增长电池的寿命也亟待解决。
为了解决上述问题，已知在CN103812166专利申请案中揭露有一种车用启动电源，其藉由将电池串联一受控开关并且并联一超级电容，且在电池剩余电能少于设定值时断开该受控开关，并在接到车辆启动信号时，才闭合该受控开关并使蓄电池对超级电容充电，以实现二次启动。然而，在这种车用启动电源中，由于系在电池电力不足时，以受控开关来断开电池与系统的连结以及电池与电容的并联，来保留电池的电力，并在二次启动信号产 生时，闭合该受控开关并使电池用剩余电能对超级电容充电；将会有电池组同时担负启动又要对超级电容进行充电的双重负载，反而使电池抽载加剧而加速退化，或是无法有足够电力同时启动并对超级电容充电的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于上述缺失，本发明的目的在于提供一种电池电力延续装置及方法，以使电池供电系统能藉由电池电力延续装置来达成辅助电池启动的目的，且系统正常运作时还可达到稳定启动电池电压的功效，进而延长启动电池和车载电子装置的寿命。
本发明另一目的在于提供一种能降低电池巅峰抽载负荷、延长电池使用寿命、且能准确侦测电池寿命状态而能实现用尽电池电能的电池电力延续装置，使得用户可以放心地在用尽电池电能前才更换电池，减少因电池提早更换所造成的电池资源浪费与环境污染。
为达成上述目的，本发明的电池电力延续装置应用于电池供电系统，且包括开关装置及处理电路。开关装置供控制快速储能模块与启动电池间的连接。处理电路用以因应多种操作模式而切换该开关装置的动作，包括在启动模式时，控制该开关装置使快速储能模块并联连接启动电池。又，在依据触发信号进入充电模式时，控制开关装置，使快速储能模块断开与启动电池的并联连接，且其中，该触发信号是依据该电池供电系统的运转停止信号而产生。
为达成上述目的，本发明还提供一种电池电力延续方法，其包括并联步骤及充电步骤。并联步骤用以在启动模式时，控制开关装置，供使快速储能模块与启动电池并联连接。充电步骤用以在依据触发信号进入充电模式时，控制开关装置，使快速储能模块断开与启动电池的并联连接，且可用启动电池作为电力来源，透过处理电路对快速储能模块进行充电，直到快速储能模块达到可启动电压值。且其中，该触发信号是依据该电池供电系统的运转停止信号而产生。在进一步观点中，在以触发信号使电池与快速储能模块并联之后，可以立即以电池对快速储能模块充电达可启动电压，也可以在快速储能模块低于电压值时才对其充电。
又，为了达成本发明之另一目的，本发明所揭电池电力延续装置还包含量测电路，用以侦测并比较该电池于不同次启动时的被抽载电性变化，并在该电池符合一低被抽载电能条件时，产生一更换警示。
藉由上述装置与方法，当系统停止运转时，触发信号可使处理电路将该启动电池与快速储能模块断开并联，并可让该电池对快速储能模块进行充电达可启动电压，待启动时才又并联电池与快速储能模块，以使电池供电系统可藉由快速储能模块的电力来辅助启动。因而于再次启动时，电池不需如现有技术还要对快速储能模块充电，而是立即让该足够电量的快速模块作为电池启动电池供电系统负载之辅助，将能减少电池被瞬间加剧抽载，而确保快速储能模块辅助启动成功，且降低该电池因起动时被剧 烈抽载所导致老化或退化的情形与速度，而能达到前面所述延长启动电池和车载电子装置寿命的目的。又，藉由在系统正常运转时亦使快速储能模块并联该电池，也可使启动电池电压维持稳定，而达到稳压的效果。
又，藉由在停车后即让该电池对该快速储能模块进行充电，本发明在正常模式下储能模块已预先充电储能，因此仅需少量的电池电能即足以满足启动需求，再加上电池性能的侦测与警示，将可以使该电池使用到一足以对该快速储能模块充电到可启动电压的真正最少剩余电能下限状态，才进行更换，因此可真正放心地实现用尽电池所有可用电能的功能，进而改善习知只量测电池内阻大小又没有快速储能模块的并联启动，即在电池还没到达真正无法使用的状态即被更换的资源浪费。有关本发明所提供的电池电力延续装置的详细构造、特点、组装或使用方式，将于后续的实施方式详细说明中予以描述。然而，在本发明领域中具有通常知识者应能了解，该等详细说明以及实施本发明所列举的特定实施例，仅用于说明本发明，并非用以限制本发明的专利申请范围。
附图说明
图1是依照本发明一实施例所绘示的电池电力延续装置搭配电池供电系统的方块图。
图2是依照本发明一实施例所绘示的电池电力延续方法的步 骤流程图。
图3是依照本发明另一实施例所绘示的电池电力延续装置搭配电池供电系统的方块图。
图4是依照本发明一实施例所绘示的电池电力延续方法的启动模式的步骤流程图。
图5A是依照本发明一实施例所绘示的启动马达与启动电池的等效电路示意图。
图5B是依照本发明一实施例所绘示的启动马达被启动时的负载电压及负载电流的时序示意图。
图6是依照本发明一实施例所绘示的启动马达、快速储能模块与启动电池的等效电路示意图。
【符号说明】
10、20：电池电力延续装置
11：处理电路
111：输入端
113：输出端
115：升降压模块
13：快速储能模块
15：开关
17：触发开关
24：量测电路
30：电池供电系统
31：启动马达
33：启动电池
C：快速储能模块的电容值
E：启动电池的开路电压
I L：启动马达的电流
S210、S220、S230、S410、S412、S420、S422、S430、S440、S442、S444、S450、S452、S454、S456、S458、S460：步骤
T：启动时间长度
r C：快速储能模块的电阻值
r TH：启动电池的内阻值
V L：启动马达的电压
R L：启动马达的阻抗值
具体实施方式
以下，配合各图式列举对应的较佳实施例来对本发明的电池电力延续装置的组成构件及达成功效来作说明。然而各图式中电池电力延续装置的构件、尺寸及外观仅用来说明本发明的技术特征，而非对本发明构成限制。
如图1所示，该图是本发明电池电力延续装置搭配电池供电系统的方块图。本发明的电池电力延续装置10连接电池供电系统30，本实施例中，电池供电系统30是车辆启动系统，电池电力延续装置10则用于启动电池33的供电辅助。电池供电系统30 包括启动马达31及一启动电池33，启动马达31连接启动电池33。在正常启动模式时，启动马达31都是藉由启动电池33供应电力来达到启动的目的，进而带动引擎运转。其中，电池供电系统30已是业界所周知的技术，于此不再赘述。
电池电力延续装置10主要包括处理电路11及开关15，另外也可以再包含快速储能模块13在内。处理电路11的输入端111连接电池供电系统30的启动电池33。快速储能模块13连接处理电路11的输出端113。开关15连接处理电路11的输出端113、快速储能模块13及电池供电系统30的启动电池33。
处理电路11依据触发信号透过开关15断开快速储能模块13与启动电池33的连接，并对快速储能模块13进行充电，直到快速储能模块13的电压值到达启动电压值。在本发明的一实施例中，处理电路11可以是硬件、韧体或是储存在内存而由微处理器或是数字信号处理器所加载执行的软件或机器可执行程序代码。若是采用硬件来实现，则处理电路11可以是由单一整合电路芯片所达成，也可以由多个电路芯片所完成，但本发明并不以此为限制。上述多个电路芯片或单一整合电路芯片可采用特殊功能集成电路(ASIC)或可程序化逻辑门阵列(FPGA)来实现。而上述内存可以是例如随机存取内存、只读存储器或是闪存等等。
在本发明的一实施例中，处理电路11包括升降压(buck-boost)模块115，用以调整输入端111的电压值，并输出电压至输出端113。本实施例中，升降压模块115用以提高输入端 111电压值，也就是让输出端113的电压值高于输入端111的电压值，以对快速储能模块13充电。此外，对快速储能模块13充电也可以选用其他充电电路，例如升压模块或其他电路，故不以升降压模块为限。
在本发明的一实施例中，快速储能模块13是一超级电容，超级电容的充放电速度比启动电池33快且寿命也比启动电池33长，因此，超级电容能在短时间内累积到启动时所需的电压。但快速储能模块13不以超级电容为限。
于此实施例，触发信号藉由触发开关17来提供，触发开关17连接处理电路11，触发信号在触发开关17导通时产生并提供给处理电路11，处理电路11依据触发信号命令开关15断开启动电池33及快速储能模块13的连接，然后对快速储能模块13进行充电。但实务中，触发信号也可以藉由其他触发电路或其他形式来提供给处理电路11，因此，触发信号的产生及提供不以本实施例所述为限。
本实施例中，开关15可以是继电器(Relay)、晶体管或由电子电路所构成，因此，开关15不以单一开关组件为限。
处理电路11还可用以侦测启动电池33的性能状态，并对应产生提醒(或警示信息)。启动电池33的性能状态包括输出电压、电池内阻及电池寿命百分比等。产生的提醒可以包括例如透过显示器、灯或扬声器等来进行。显示器可显示启动电池33的性能状态，灯可透过不同可见光颜色来做提醒启动电池33的性能状 态，不同可见光可以例如红、黄及绿等。
以上说明本发明的电池电力延续装置的组成，随后，详述本发明的电池电力延续装置的运作及功效。
请参照图1，当电池供电系统30能正常启动，表示启动电池33的电压值足以让电池供电系统30的启动马达31运作时，因此，正常启动时，开关15依据电池供电系统30的一启动信号导通，而让启动电池33及快速储能模块13形成电性并联连接。其中，启动信号可以是电池供电系统30直接提供或是电池供电系统30提供给处理电路11，再由处理电路11提供给开关15。启动信号是业界所周知透过电池供电系统30的启动开关(图中未示出)来产生，故于此不赘述。
导通的开关15使启动电池33与快速储能模块13形成并联(parallel)连接关系，并联连接关系使快速储能模块13的电压值大致与启动电池33的电压值相同，此时，处理电路11没有对快速储能模块13进行充电。如此，本发明的电池电力延续装置10可透过快速储能模块13作稳压的效果，而进入稳压模式，以有效提升车用电子产品的稳定度及使用寿命，并可延长车辆点火系统的寿命。
其中，快速储能模块13具有比启动电池33更快的充放电能力，因此，快速储能模块13能快速累积至较高的电压值。
当启动电池33的电压值过低，这个现象也被称为欠电压，表示电池供电系统30不能正常启动，因此，电池电力延续装置10 的充电模式可辅助启动电池供电系统30来做启动。
参照图1，在充电模式中，处理电路11依据触发信号透过开关15断开启动电池33与快速储能模块13之间的电性连接，并透过剩余的启动电池33的电力来对快速储能模块13进行充电，以使快速储能模块13能累积至较高的电压值，如此，电池供电系统30需要瞬间的大电流，也就是启动时可以优先从快速储能模块13汲取，所以启动电池33不会因快速抽取大电流而提早折损寿命。
充电模式的运作是透过触发开关17使处理电路11进入该充电模式，接着，处理电路11依据触发信号控制关关15形成开路状态，开路状态是指启动电池33和快速储能模块13没有形成并联连接，因此，快速储能模块13可以透过处理电路11的升降压模块115来被启动电池33充电，并将其电压值提升至可启动汽车的电压值，然后，处理电路11依据启动信号控制开关15形成导通状态，导通状态是指启动电池33和快速储能模块13形成并联连接，所以，导通的开关15制造途径供快速储能模块13对电池供电系统30提供瞬间高电流以便启动汽车。最后，在电池供电系统30启动后，本发明的电池电力延续装置10就会进入前述稳压。
因为开关15导通，使得启动电池33与快速储能模块13形成并联连接，因此，电池供电系统30进行启动时，电池供电系统30可藉由快速储能模块13的高电压值来做启动，以达成启动 的目的。
举例来说，正常启动电池33的额定电压值为12.6伏特，表示电池供电系统30可以正常启动，若启动电池33的电压值剩下11伏特或以下，启动电池33瞬间放电的电力不足，也就是启动电池33无法供应足够的启动电流给启动马达31，因此，本发明的电池电力延续装置10在快速对快速储能模块13充电之后，使其启动电压值拉升至14伏特，将可以作为启动马达31的启动电力或启动电池33的辅助电力。
在一实施例中，车辆在正常运行期间，启动电池33与快速储能模块13亦并联，启动电池33会被充电，因此，启动电池33的电压值应维持在14伏特左右，此时，快速储能模块13也可以维持在14伏特左右，因此可达到稳定启动电池33电压的目的。
如前面已述及者，触发信号的产生及提供并不以本实施例所述为限。又，前面之运作说明亦已载明本发明的主要技术思想，在于透过一触发信号来使启动电池33与快速储能模块13断开，而使快速储能模块13被进行充电，并在启动时及启动成功后之运转时保持并联，而进行一辅助启动及稳压模式功能。因此，除了在电池供电系统30启动失败时，透过按压触发开关17来提供触发信号给处理电路11，以使处理电路11进入包含救车之充电模式，也可以在一变形例中，让处理电路11在电池供电系统30启动失败时，自动接收到启动失败信号而产生触发信号，并据以自动进入该充电模式，而不用再透过按压触发开关17来进入充电 模式。
除此之外，如同先前所述，当电池供电系统30启动后没有运转时，可让快速储能模块13进行充电，但本发明不限于此。在本发明另一变形例中，也可让车子在启动行驶完而熄火停止运转时，即让电池电力延续装置10自动进入该充电模式，如此一来，当车子没有行驶运转时，处理电路11可根据电池供电系统30的运转停止信号而产生触发信号，使得快速储能模块13在电池供电系统30停止运转时，自动断开与启动电池33之并联，并被启动电池33充电，以等待要启动车子时，即能快速因启动信号而进入并联状态，并提供更为充足的电力来辅助启动电池23的启动，确保能成功启动车子。
又，虽然快速储能模块13在启动后的平时运转时仍与启动电池33维持并联关系有稳压的功效，但也可以在一变形例中选择平时运转时不并联，但在运转停止后对快速储能模块进行充电，而不影响本发明之功效。又，在另一变形例中，也可以在运转停止后，选择先不对快速储能模块进行充电，而是待其电力状况符合需要充电条件时才被启动电池33充电，此在平时运转模式有并联快速储能模块时可以如此作，而仍能达成本发明之目的与功效。又，以上之实施例虽举汽车启动电池33为例来进行启动的辅助，然而，本发明所揭示启动用电池供电系统的电池电力延续装置，不以汽车的启动电池为限，该电池电力延续装置也可以被应用在各种配置启动电池而需要较大电力来起动电动机的各种可能装 置，例如无线吸尘器、柴油发电机等，或是以电池供电但瞬间需要较大电流等大负载的电池供电系统。因此，所谓启动仅是一代表词，其实际上包含任何需要较大电流的状况与系统，因而在此所称启动电池包含非启动用的电池。
请合并参照图1及图2，图2是依照本发明一实施例所绘示的电池电力延续方法的步骤流程图，可用于图1所示的电池电力延续装置10，但本发明不限于此。首先，于步骤S210中，可透过处理电路11判断是否接收到触发信号。若步骤S210的判断结果为否，表示处理电路11未接收到触发信号，故可透过处理电路11执行如步骤S220所示的并联步骤。于步骤S220中，可在平时运转模式与启动模式时，透过处理电路11控制开关15，供使快速储能模块13与启动电池33并联连接。相对地，若步骤S210的判断结果为是，表示处理电路11接收到触发信号，故可透过处理电路11执行如步骤S230所示的充电步骤。于步骤S230中，可依据触发信号进入充电模式时，透过处理电路11控制开关15，使快速储能模块13断开与启动电池33的并联连接，且以启动电池33作为电力来源，透过处理电路11对快速储能模块13进行充电，直到快速储能模块13达到可启动电压值。附带一提的，上述的并联步骤(即步骤S220)与充电步骤(即步骤S230)系因应各种操作模式而被切换。另外，关于电池电力延续方法的其他实施细节，可由图1的相关说明中获致足够的教示、建议与实施说明，因此不再赘述。
前面有提到处理电路11还可用以侦测启动电池33的性 能状态，并对应产生提醒(或警示信息)，以下即针对电池性能侦测方式进一步举一具体实施例。在本发明的另一实施例中，电池电力延续装置还具备电池状态侦测功能，以确保用户能在启动电池33完全丧失电力前之适当时机汰换启动电池33。请参照图3，图3是依照本发明另一实施例所绘示的电池电力延续装置搭配电池供电系统的方块图。电池电力延续装置20连接电池供电系统30，其中图3的电池供电系统30类似于图1的电池供电系统30，故可参酌上述图1的相关说明，在此不再赘述。
类似于图1的电池电力延续装置10，图3的电池电力延续装置20同样可包括处理电路11、开关15以及快速储能模块13，其中图3的处理电路11、开关15以及快速储能模块13可分别参酌上述图1的相关说明，在此不赘述。相较于图1的电池电力延续装置10，图3的电池电力延续装置20还可包括量测电路24，但本发明不限于此，在本发明的其他实施例中，量测电路24也可整合至处理电路11中。
量测电路24耦接快速储能模块13、启动电池33以及处理电路11。量测电路24可用来量测启动电池33的开路电压(open circuit voltage)、启动电池33的内阻值。除此之外，量测电路24还可用来量测启动马达31(亦即负载)被启动时的负载电压或称抽载电压(包括峰值及均值)、负载电流或称抽载电流(包括峰值及均值)以及启动时间长度，也可在启动时单独测量启动电池33或快速储能模块的抽载电流、抽载电压等，并可依据所测量的抽载电 流、电压、启动时间等，算出启动电能。而且，量测电路24也可以用以测量快速储能模块的充电电压等。量测电路24可采用业界所周知的电压量测电路、电流量测电路及阻值量测电路来实现，故在此不再赘述。
根据本发明的观点，启动电池性能的判断主要是在本发明所揭电池电力延续装置之架构下进行判断。根据其中一实施例的观点，可以先量测快速储能模块13及启动电池33两者至少其中之一用以提供启动马达31所需的启动电能，因此处理电路11可透过量测电路24所量测到的上述信息(例如启动电池33的开路电压、启动电池33的内阻值、启动马达31被启动时的负载电压及负载电流以及启动时间长度、以及启动电池的抽载电流、抽载电压)来估测启动马达31的启动电能以及启动电池33所提供的输出电能，且处理电路11可根据启动电池33的输出电能与启动马达31的启动电能间的比例来判断启动电池33的性能状态，或是单以启动电池33的输出电能在不同次启动时之比值是否低于一特定值来作比较。
在以启动电能及电池33的抽载电能作判断的例子中，可以理解的是，随着启动电池33循环地充放电，启动电池33的性能会逐渐下降而导致其所能提供的输出电能会逐渐减少。根据本发明之观点，由于启动时快速储能模块13都会与启动电池并联，在此架构下则在启动马达31的启动电能不变的情况下，快速储能模块13所须提供的输出电能势必逐渐增加。因此，藉由计算启动 电池33的输出电能占启动马达31的启动电能的比例，可更精确地估测出启动电池33的性能状态。详细说明如下。
请合并参照图3及图4，图4是依照本发明一实施例所绘示的电池电力延续方法的启动模式及量测启动模式的步骤流程图，可用于图3所示的电池电力延续装置20及检测启动电池33的性能状态，但本发明不限于此。首先，于步骤S410中，当电池供电系统30中的启动电池33被更换之后，或是此电池电力延续装置20刚被启用时，处理电路11将变量N归零。接着，于步骤S412中，可透过量测电路24来量测启动电池33的开路电压以及启动电池33的内阻值。之后，于步骤S420中，处理电路11可根据启动信号来判断启动马达31是否启动。若步骤S420结果为否，表示启动马达31未启动，则回到步骤S412。若步骤S420结果为是，表示启动马达31被启动，则处理电路11可设定变量N＝N+1，如步骤S422所示。
接着，于步骤S430中，处理电路11可判断变量N是否为1。若变量N为1，表示启动电池33为首次供电给启动马达31，此时电池电力延续装置20进入一量测启动模式，且处理电路11控制开关15，以使启动电池33断开与快速储能模块13的并联连接，并以启动电池33的输出电能作为启动马达31的启动电能，如步骤S440所示。换句话说，当启动电池33首次供电给启动马达31时，启动马达31的启动电能仅由启动电池33来提供，其等效电路如图5A所示，其中E表示启动电池33的开路电压，r TH 表示启动电池33的内阻值，V L表示启动马达31的电压(即负载电压)，I L表示启动马达31的电流(即负载电流)，而R L表示启动马达31的阻抗值。此时所测得的启动电能，因系在一量测启动模式下，因而为单独由启动电池所提供者。当然，在一变形例中，也可以设计成只由快速储能模块提供启动并测量，或是由启动电池与快速储能模块一起提供而测量，故综而言之如前面所述，可用快速储能模块13及启动电池33两者至少其中之一来提供启动马达31所需的启动电能。
之后，于步骤S442中，可透过量测电路24来量测启动马达31被启动时的负载电压V L(t)、负载电流I L(t)以及启动时间长度T，其中负载电压V L(t)及负载电流I L(t)为随时间改变的变量。然后，于步骤S444中，可透过处理电路11根据所量测到的负载电压V L(t)、负载电流I L(t)以及启动时间长度T来计算启动马达31的启动电能J L，如式(1)所示，其中式(1)的运算符＊表示乘积运算(Convolution)。在步骤S444结束后，处理电路11已取得启动马达31的启动电能，并回到步骤S412。
J L＝V L(t)*I L(t)*T    式(1)
在本发明的一实施例中，量测电路24可根据启动马达31的负载电压或负载电流来侦测启动马达31的启动时间长度。请合并参照图5A及图5B，图5B是依照本发明一实施例所绘示的启动马达31被启动时的负载电压V L及负载电流I L的时序示意图，其中横轴表示时间，纵轴表示电压值或电流值。如同先前所述，启 动马达31需要瞬间的巨大电流(即负载电流I L)来启动，因此量测电路24可根据所量测到的负载电流I L的大小而估算出启动马达31的启动时间长度T(如图5B所示)。除此之外，当启动马达31启动时，负载电流I L在流经启动电池33的内阻(其阻值为r TH)时会在此内阻的两端产生压降，导致负载电压V L降低，因此量测电路24也可根据所量测到的负载电压V L的大小而估算出启动马达31的启动时间长度T(如图5B所示)。
请重新合并参照图3及图4，于步骤S430中，若变量N不为1，表示电池电力延续装置20运作在启动模式且启动电池33并非首次供电给启动马达31，此时处理电路11可控制开关15，以使快速储能模块13并联连接启动电池33以共同提供启动马达31的启动电能，如步骤S450所示。换句话说，当启动电池33并非首次供电给启动马达31时，启动马达31的启动电能将由启动电池33及快速储能模块13来共同提供，其等效电路如图6所示，其中E表示启动电池33的开路电压，r TH表示启动电池33的内阻值，C表示快速储能模块13的电容值，r C表示快速储能模块13的电阻值(可忽略)，V L表示启动马达31的电压(即负载电压)，I L表示启动马达31的电流(即负载电流)，而R L表示启动马达31的阻抗值。其中，如前面所述一变形例，该启动电能也可以是等到此一正常启动模式下才测得，亦即当N＝2时测量启动电池33与快速储能模块13的共同启动输出，以作为前面所提的启动电能，并作为评估启动电池性能的基础之一。
之后，于步骤S452中，可透过量测电路24来量测启动马达31被启动时的负载电压。然后，于步骤S454中，可透过处理电路11根据快速储能模块13的电容值C、开路电压E以及负载电压V L来计算快速储能模块13所提供的输出电能(或称被抽载电能)J C，如式(2)所示，且处理电路11可根据式(1)的启动电能J L及式(2)所示的快速储能模块13的输出电能J C来计算启动电池33所提供的输出电能(或称启动电池被抽载电能)J E，如式(3)所示。
Figure PCTCN2018084161-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018084161-appb-000002
接着，于步骤S456中，处理电路11可计算启动电池33的输出电能J E占启动马达31的启动电能J L的比例。然后，于步骤S458中，处理电路11可根据上述比例来判断启动电池33的性能状态是否正常。若步骤S458的判断结果为正常，则回到步骤S412，以等待下一次启动马达31被启动的启动电池33的性能检测运作。若步骤S458的判断结果为异常，则处理电路11可产生警示信息，如步骤S460所示。
在本发明的一实施例中，于步骤S458中，当输出电能J E占启动电能J L的比例小于第一临界值时，处理电路11可判断启动电池33的性能状态为异常，并于步骤S460中产生警示信息。在本发明的一实施例中，处理电路11可将上述警示信息传送并显示在显示器上，但本发明并不限于此。在本发明的其他实施例中，处理电路11也可透过灯光或扬声器等来警示用户。
在本发明的一实施例中，处理电路11也可根据输出电能J E占启动电能J L的不同比例，而产生不同的警告信息。举例来说，当输出电能J E占启动电能J L的比例小于第一临界值但大于第二临界值时，处理电路11可发出启动电池33的启动能力不足(或电池寿命即将终了)之警示信息，其中第一临界值大于第二临界值。另外，当输出电能J E占启动电能J L的比例小于上述第二临界值时，处理电路11可发出启动电池33的启动能力严重不足(或立即更换电池)之警示信息。上述的第一临界值及第二临界值可依实际应用或设计需求来进行设定。
在本发明的一实施例中，处理电路11也可根据输出电能J E占启动电能J L的比例，而在显示器上显示启动电池33尚能对启动马达31进行启动的次数，以作为提醒用户更换启动电池33的参考依据。
在本发明的一实施例中，处理电路11也可根据所量测到的启动电池33的内阻值r TH以及输出电能J E占启动电能J L的比例来一起判断启动电池33的性能状态。举例来说，当上述比例小于第一临界值，且内阻值r TH大于参考电阻值时，处理电路11可判断启动电池33的性能状态为异常并产生警示信息。
由于本发明是在启动马达31被启动时对启动电池33的性能状态进行检测，因此处理电路11所检测到的启动电池33的性能状态，乃是反映出启动电池33于当下对启动马达31进行放电的实际性能状态。故相较于一般采用手持式电池分析仪对电池 实施短时间及小电流的放电所侦测到的电池的性能状态，本发明所提出的启动电池33的性能状态检测运作可更准确地检测出实际运作下的启动电池33的性能状态，以确保用户能在启动电池33完全丧失电力前的适当时机更换启动电池33。
又，对于启动电池33之性能警示，在上述实施例中系以启动电池之输出电能J E，与总启动电能J L之比例，低于一默认值之低被抽载电能条件作为判断，且启动电池之输出电能可以直接测得，或藉由量测快速电容之输出电能，再推算出启动电池33的输出电能。然而在进一步变形例中，该电池性能之警示也可以藉由其他数据之比较而得。例如，该低被抽载电能条件可以是指该电池被抽载电能与该快速储能模块被抽载电能的比值小于一特定值；也可以是指本发明所揭电池电力延续装置第一次使用时所测得电池被抽载电能，与最近一次该电池被抽载电能的比值小于一特定值，作为判断基准。或者，也可以只以启动电池33符合一低被抽载电能条件时，即发送警示信息。该低被抽载电能条件的量测如前述，只是比较数据不同，因而其细节就不再赘述。
另外，如前所述，也可以单独量测快速储能模块之被充电电压是否能达到一特定可启动电压值，来作为启动电池剩余电量是否该发出警示之判断。又，根据本实施例之另一观点，该启动电池的性能也可以直接以该启动电池之被抽载电流值低于一特定值来作判断。因此，总而言之，搭配本发明所揭之快速储能模块与启动电池之并联模式，并藉由测量启动电池之被抽载电性， 除了可以将启动电池用到最极致而可能达原使用寿命2～4倍甚至更长之外，并能在用尽之前适时提醒用户更换启动电池。
最后，强调，本发明于上述实施例中所揭露的构成组件，仅为举例说明，并非用来限制本案之范围，其他等效组件的替代或变化，亦应为本案之申请专利范围所涵盖。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种电池电力延续装置，其特征在于，包括：
    开关装置，供控制快速储能模块与电池间的连接；及
    处理电路，用以因应多种操作模式而切换该开关装置的动作，包括在一电池供电系统启动时的启动模式时，控制该开关装置使该快速储能模块并联连接该电池；以及在收到触发信号进入充电模式时，控制该开关装置，使该快速储能模块断开与该电池的并联连接，且其中，该触发信号是依据该电池供电系统的运转停止信号而产生。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于，在该充电模式中，该处理电路并以该电池为电力来源，对该快速储能模块进行充电，直到该快速储能模块达到可启动电压值。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于，在该充电模式中，该处理电路是在该快速储能模块的电压低于特定值时，才以该电池为电力来源，对该快速储能模块进行充电，直到该快速储能模块达到可启动电压值。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于，该处理电路包括升降压模块，且该可启动电压值大于该电池的残留电压值。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于，还包含该快速储能模块，且在该电池供电系统运转中的平时运转模式时，该处理电路也控制该开关装置使该快速储能模块并联连接该电池。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于，该运转停 止信号为该电池供电系统的启动失败信号。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于，还包含：量测电路，用以侦测该电池供电系统启动时该电池的被抽载电性，而供判断出电池性能状态；以及警示装置，用以在该电池符合低被抽载电能条件时产生警示。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于：
    该量测电路包含用以侦测该电池供电系统启动时由该电池与该快速储能模块至少其中之一所测得的被抽载启动电能，并用以于该延续装置的该启动模式下侦测该电池被抽载电能；而且，该低被抽载电能条件是指启动时该电池被抽载电能与该启动电能的比值小于特定值。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于：
    该量测电路根据该快速储能模块的电容值、该电池的开路电压以及负载电压来计算该快速储能模块所提供的输出电能，且根据该启动电能及该快速储能模块的该输出电能来计算该电池的该被抽载电能。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于：
    该量测电路还用以于该延续装置的该启动模式下侦测该电池被抽载电能与该快速储能模块被抽载电能；而且，该低被抽载电能条件是指该电池被抽载电能与该快速储能模块被抽载电能的比值小于特定值，或该电池首次搭配该快速储能模块时的被抽载电能与最近一次该电池被抽载电能的比值小于特定值。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于，该电池被抽载电性是指被抽载电流，且该低被抽载电能条件是指该被抽载电流的特 定电流值，或是该电池首次与该快速储能模块搭配使用时的初次电流值与最近一次电流值的比值。
  12. 如权利要求2所述的电池电力延续装置，其特征在于，该处理电路还包含量测电路，用以侦测该快速储能模块的电压；以及警示装置，用以在无法将该快速储能模块充电到特定值时发出警示。
  13. 一种电池电力延续方法，其特征在于，包括：
    并联步骤，用以在电池供电系统启动时的启动模式时，透过处理电路控制开关装置，供使快速储能模块与电池并联连接；及
    充电步骤，用以在收到触发信号进入充电模式时，透过该处理电路控制该开关装置，使该快速储能模块断开与该电池的并联连接；
    且其中，该触发信号是依据该电池供电系统的运转停止信号而产生。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电池电力延续方法，其特征在于，在该充电步骤中，还包含以该电池作为电力来源，对该快速储能模块进行充电，直到该快速储能模块达到可启动电压值的步骤，且可选择性地在该快速储能模块的电压低于特定值时，才被充电。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的电池电力延续方法，其特征在于，更包括：
    侦测该快速储能模块及该电池至少其中一者提供负载启动所需的启动电能；
    估测该电池于该启动模式下所提供的输出电能；以及
    根据该电池的该输出电能与该启动电能间的比例来判断该电池的性能状态，当该比例小于第一临界值时，提供警示信息。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的电池电力延续方法，其特征在于，该估测 该启动电能的步骤包括：
    在初次启用之量测启动模式下，控制该开关装置，以使该电池断开与该快速储能模块的并联连接，而以该电池的该输出电能做为该启动电能；以及
    侦测该负载启动時的负载电压、负载电流以及启动时间长度，而据以计算该启动电能。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的电池电力延续方法，其特征在于，所述估测该电池的该输出电能的步骤包括：
    侦测该电池的开路电压；
    在该启动模式下，控制该开关装置，以使该快速储能模块并联连接该电池以共同提供该启动电能；
    侦测该负载启动时的负载电压；
    根据该快速储能模块的电容值、该开路电压以及该负载电压来计算该快速储能模块所提供的输出电能；以及
    根据该启动电能及该快速储能模块的该输出电能来计算该电池的该输出电能。
  18. 如权利要求14所述的电池电力延续方法，其特征在于，更包括用以侦测该快速储能模块的电压的步骤，以及用以在无法将该快速储能模块充电到特定电压值时发出警示的警示步骤。
  19. 如权利要求13所述的电池电力延续方法，其特征在于，还包含侦测该电池于各次启动时的被抽载电流的侦测步骤；以及在该被抽载电流低于特定电流值，或是该电池首次与该快速储能模块搭配使用时的初次抽 载电流值与最近一次抽载电流值的比值低于特定值时，发出警示的警示步骤。
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