WO2018196362A1 - 苯与甲醇和/或二甲醚生产对二甲苯联产低碳烯烃的流化床反应器及生产方法 - Google Patents
苯与甲醇和/或二甲醚生产对二甲苯联产低碳烯烃的流化床反应器及生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07C2/862—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms
- C07C2/864—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms the non-hydrocarbon is an alcohol
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- C07C2/862—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms
- C07C2/865—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon the non-hydrocarbon contains only oxygen as hetero-atoms the non-hydrocarbon is an ether
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- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00743—Feeding or discharging of solids
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- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
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- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
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- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/40—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11
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- Y02P30/40—Ethylene production
Definitions
- Paraxylene is one of the basic organic raw materials in the petrochemical industry. It has a wide range of applications in chemical fiber, synthetic resins, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and polymer materials.
- p-xylene production mainly uses toluene, C 9 aromatic hydrocarbons and mixed xylene as raw materials, and is obtained by disproportionation, isomerization, adsorption separation or cryogenic separation. Since the p-xylene content in the product is controlled by thermodynamic equilibrium, p-xylene only accounts for ⁇ 24% of the C 8 mixed aromatics, and the material circulation processing amount is large during the process, and the equipment is large and the operation cost is high.
- Methanol is both a raw material for the alkylation of benzene and/or toluene and methanol, and is also a raw material for the MTO reaction, but the MTO reaction rate is much higher than the alkylation reaction rate of benzene and/or toluene and methanol.
- Our experimental studies have shown that when benzene and methanol are co-fed and the methanol content of the feedstock is low, the MTO reaction quickly consumes most of the methanol (alkylation reactant) and inhibits the alkylation of benzene and/or toluene and methanol. The reaction yield is low in p-xylene.
- the intake ring pipe is connected to the intake pipe air path, and the intake ring pipe is arranged on a plane perpendicular to a flow direction of the gas of the first distributor;
- a process for the co-production of a light olefin with benzene and methanol and/or dimethyl ether to produce para-xylene Through different raw material streams distributed in different areas to achieve mass transfer control, and then coordinate and optimize the co-feed system to improve the reaction yield.
- the alkylation of benzene and methanol produces a p-xylene reaction in which the reaction rates of the alkylation reaction and the MTO reaction are greatly different, and the MTO reaction inhibits the alkylation reaction, and thus the conversion of benzene is low.
- the fluidized bed reactor provided by the present application coordinates and optimizes the competition of the alkylation reaction and the MTO reaction through mass transfer control, thereby improving the conversion of benzene and the yield of p-xylene.
- stream C comprising para-xylene and a lower olefin.
- the stream C enters the settling zone and the gas-solids separator, and the stream C is separated to obtain low-carbon olefins, p-xylene, chain hydrocarbon by-products, aromatic by-products and unconverted benzene, unconverted methanol and/or Methyl ether
- methanol and/or dimethyl ether means that the methanol in the feed may be replaced in whole or in part by dimethyl ether, including three cases: only methanol; or only dimethyl ether; or methanol and two. Methyl ether has it.
- methanol and/or dimethyl ether and benzene includes three cases: methanol and benzene; or dimethyl ether and benzene; or methanol, dimethyl ether and benzene.
- the sum of the mass percentages of methanol and dimethyl ether in the stream A is from 0% to 30%. That is, the stream A entering the first distributor does not contain methanol, or the mass percentage of methanol in the stream A entering from the first distributor does not exceed 30%.
- the sum of the mass percentages of methanol and dimethyl ether in the stream A is from 2% to 20%.
- the regenerator has a gas phase linear velocity of 0.2 m/s to 2 m/s and a regeneration temperature of 500 to 800 °C.
- the present invention coordinates and optimizes the competition between the alkylation reaction and the MTO reaction by controlling the concentration of methanol and/or dimethyl ether relative to benzene to increase the yield of p-xylene and Low-carbon olefin selectivity to ensure that neither the MTO reaction rapidly consumes most of the methanol and/or dimethyl ether to inhibit the alkylation reaction, nor does it occur due to the high levels of methanol and/or dimethyl ether.
- MTO reaction occurs in a large amount, and the amount of benzene adsorbed in the catalyst per unit time is low, which is disadvantageous for the alkylation reaction.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fluidized bed reactor in an embodiment of the present application.
- 1-first gas distributor 2-second gas distributor, 3-reaction zone, 4-settling zone, 5-gas-solids separator, 6-stripping zone, 7-regenerated catalyst delivery pipe.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 a fluidized bed reactor in which benzene and methanol produce p-xylene co-produced lower olefins is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and includes a first gas distributor 1 and a second gas distributor 2 , reaction zone 3, settling zone 4, gas-solids separator 5, stripping zone 6 and regenerated catalyst delivery pipe 7.
- the first gas distributor 1 may be a dendritic gas distributor.
- the second gas distributor 2 is a microporous gas distributor.
- the side and end faces of the microporous core tube 2-3 have a uniform microporous structure, the pore diameter of the micropores is 0.5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, the porosity is 25-50%, and the gas velocity in the tube is 0.1 m/s to 10 m/ s.
- the gas velocity in the tube is from 1 m/s to 10 m/s.
- the concentration of methanol and/or dimethyl ether decreases rapidly and approaches zero along the axial direction of the reactor, from upstream to downstream, while the concentration of benzene Slowly decreasing, in the upstream region of the reactor, the alkylation rate is limited by the mass transfer rate of benzene in the catalyst pores, and in the downstream region of the reactor, with the rapid consumption of methanol and the diffusion of methanol With rapid reduction, the alkylation rate is limited by the mass transfer rate of methanol in the catalyst channels. Maintaining a relatively stable methanol concentration in the reactor is one of the effective ways to promote alkylation.
- the first gas distributor 1 belongs to a two-dimensional gas distributor, that is, the material gas is relatively uniformly distributed in the plane of the first gas distributor 1.
- a portion of the methanol and/or dimethyl ether is introduced by the first gas distributor 1 and another portion of the methanol and/or dimethyl ether is introduced by the second gas distributor 2, which is densely packed in the microporous core.
- the micropores on the tube 2-3 are distributed to the reaction zone 3 around the micropore core tube 2-3. Therefore, in the region where the second gas distributor 2 is located, the methanol concentration is substantially stabilized, and only in the downstream region of the reaction zone 3, the methanol concentration rapidly decreases.
- the concentration of methanol in the region where the second gas distributor 2 is located can greatly increase the alkylation reaction rate of benzene and/or toluene.
- a method for producing a para-xylene co-production of a lower olefin comprises the following steps:
- the fluidized bed reactor comprising a first gas distributor 1, a second gas distributor 2, a reaction zone 3, a settling zone 4, a gas-solid separator 5, a stripping zone 6 and a regenerated catalyst delivery pipe 7, a first gas distributor 1 placed at the bottom of the reaction zone 3, a second gas distributor 2 placed in the reaction zone 3, and a settling zone 4 in reaction Above the zone 3, a gas-solid separator 5 is disposed in the settling zone 4, a product outlet is provided at the top, a stripping zone 6 is below the reaction zone 3, and an upper portion of the reaction zone 3 is connected to the regenerated catalyst delivery pipe 7.
- Stream A Benzene, aromatic by-products and methanol mixtures.
- Stream A is passed from the first gas distributor 1 to the reaction zone 3 of the fluidized bed reactor, and the mass of methanol in the mixture of stream A is 4%.
- the stream B enters the reaction zone 3 of the fluidized bed reactor from the second gas distributor 2, and the mass ratio of the methanol entering from the second gas distributor 2 to the methanol entering the first gas distributor 1 is 9:1;
- the gas phase linear velocity of the bed reactor is from 0.8 m/s to 1.0 m/s, and the temperature is 450 ° C.
- the reactants in the reaction zone 3 are contacted with the catalyst to form a gas phase stream comprising para-xylene and a lower olefin.
- the gas phase stream enters the settling zone 4, the gas-solid separator 5, via the product outlet Enter the subsequent separation section.
- the first gas distributor 1 is a dendritic gas distributor and the second gas distributor 2 is a microporous gas distributor.
- Stream A a mixture of benzene, aromatic by-products and dimethyl ether.
- Stream A is passed from the first gas distributor 1 to the reaction zone 3 of the fluidized bed reactor, and the mixture of stream A has a mass content of 10% of dimethyl ether.
- Stream B enters reaction zone 3 of the fluidized bed reactor from second gas distributor 2, and the mass ratio of methanol entering from second gas distributor 2 to methanol entering from first gas distributor 1 is 19:1.
- the gas phase linear velocity of the fluidized bed reactor is from 1.3 m/s to 1.5 m/s, and the temperature At 500 ° C, the reactants in the reaction zone 3 are contacted with the catalyst to form a gas phase stream comprising para-xylene and a low-carbon olefin; the gas phase stream enters the settling zone 4, the gas-solid separator 5, and enters a subsequent separation section via the product outlet;
- the catalyst forms a catalyst to be produced after carbon deposition in the reaction zone, and the catalyst to be produced is subjected to stripping and regenerated into a fluidized bed regenerator.
- the gas phase linear velocity of the fluidized bed regenerator is 1.5 m/s, and the temperature is 600 ° C.
- the catalyst enters the fluidized bed reactor via the regenerated catalyst delivery line 7.
- the temperature is 550 ° C
- the reactants in the reaction zone 3 and the catalyst contact, to form a gas phase stream C containing para-xylene and low-carbon olefin
- the gas phase stream enters the settling zone 4, the gas-solid separator 5, via
- the product outlet enters a subsequent separation section
- the catalyst forms a catalyst to be produced after carbon deposition in the reaction zone, and the catalyst to be produced is stripped and regenerated into a fluidized bed regenerator, and the gas phase linear velocity of the fluidized bed regenerator is 1.0 m/s.
- the regenerated catalyst enters the fluidized bed reactor via the regenerated catalyst delivery pipe 7.
- the fluidized bed reactor comprising a first gas distributor 1, a second gas distributor 2, a reaction zone 3, a settling zone 4, a gas-solid separator 5, a stripping zone 6 and a regenerated catalyst delivery pipe 7, a first gas distributor 1 placed at the bottom of the reaction zone 3, a second gas distributor 2 placed in the reaction zone 3, and a settling zone 4 in reaction Above the zone 3, a gas-solid separator 5 is disposed in the settling zone 4, a product outlet is provided at the top, a stripping zone 6 is below the reaction zone 3, and a bottom of the reaction zone 3 is connected to the regenerated catalyst delivery pipe 7.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 一种苯与甲醇和/或二甲醚生产对二甲苯联产低碳烯烃的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述流化床反应器包括第一分布器和第二分布器,所述第一分布器位于流化床的底部,所述第二分布器位于第一分布器的气体流向下游的至少一个区域。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述第二分布器包含进气管、微孔芯管和进气环管;所述进气管和所述微孔芯管气路相连,所述进气管将气体从所述流化床外部引入所述流化床内的所述微孔芯管中;所述进气环管与所述进气管气路相连,所述进气环管布置在垂直于所述第一分布器的气体流向的平面上;所述微孔芯管布置于所述进气环管上并垂直于所述进气环管的平面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,物流A通过所述第一分布器进入流化床,物流B通过所述第二分布器进入流化床并与所述物流A的至少一部分气体接触。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述第一分布器为二维气体分布器,所述第一分布器将气体分布于所述流化床底部所述第一分布器所在平面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述第二分布器为三维气体分布器,所述第二分布器将气体分布于所述流化床中所述第二分布器所在的至少一部分反应空间内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述第一分布器为树枝状气体分布器和/或风帽式气体分布器。
- 根据权利要求2所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述微孔芯管为陶瓷微孔管和/或粉末冶金微孔管。
- 根据权利要求2所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述微孔芯 管的侧面与端面具有孔径为0.5μm~50μm、孔隙度为25%~50%的微孔,所述微孔芯管的管内气速为0.1m/s~10m/s。
- 根据权利要求2所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述微孔芯管的管内气速为1m/s~10m/s。
- 根据权利要求2所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述微孔芯管为多个且相互平行排列;所述进气环管为多个且在同一个平面内呈同心环状或平面螺旋状排列。
- 根据权利要求1所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述流化床反应器包括:反应区、沉降区、气固分离器、汽提区和再生催化剂输送管;所述第一分布器置于所述反应区的底部,所述第二分布器置于所述第一分布器之上,所述沉降区在所述反应区上方,所述沉降区内设置有所述气固分离器,所述汽提区在所述反应区下方,所述再生催化剂输送管与所述反应区相连。
- 根据权利要求11所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述再生催化剂输送管与反应区的上部相连。
- 根据权利要求11所述的流化床反应器,其特征在于,所述再生催化剂输送管与反应区的底部相连。
- 一种苯与甲醇和/或二甲醚生产对二甲苯联产低碳烯烃的方法,其特征在于,采用权利要求1至13任一项所述的流化床反应器中的至少一种;所述方法至少包含以下步骤:(1)物流A由第一分布器进入流化床反应器的反应区,所述反应区内含有催化剂;所述物流A含有苯,或者所述物流A含有甲醇和/或二甲醚与苯;(2)含有甲醇和/或二甲醚的物流B由第二分布器进入流化床反应器的所述反应区;(3)在所述反应区内,物流A和/或物流B中的甲醇和/或二甲醚、苯和催化剂接触,生成包含对二甲苯和低碳烯烃的物流C。
- 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述甲醇和/或二甲醚与苯生产对二甲苯联产低碳烯烃的方法还包含以下步骤:(4)所述物流C进入沉降区和气固分离器,物流C分离后获得低碳烯烃、对二甲苯、链烃副产物、芳烃副产物和未转化的苯、未转化的甲醇和/或二甲醚;(5)未转化的甲醇和/或二甲醚经由所述第二分布器返回流化床反应器,芳烃副产物和未转化的苯经由第一分布器返回流化床反应器;(6)所述催化剂在反应区积碳后形成待生催化剂,待生催化剂经过汽提,进入再生器再生,得到再生催化剂;再生催化剂经由再生催化剂输送管进入流化床反应器。
- 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,物流B中的甲醇和/或二甲醚与物流A中的甲醇和/或二甲醚的质量比为1:1~20:1。
- 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述物流A中的甲醇和二甲醚的质量百分含量之和为0%~30%。
- 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,由第一分布器进入的物流A中的甲醇和二甲醚的质量百分含量之和为2%~20%。
- 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述流化床反应器的气相线速度为0.2m/s~2m/s,反应温度为300℃~600℃。
- 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述再生器的气相线速度为0.2m/s~2m/s,再生温度为500℃~800℃。
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