WO2018192306A1 - 无线充电系统中的功率发射器线圈 - Google Patents

无线充电系统中的功率发射器线圈 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018192306A1
WO2018192306A1 PCT/CN2018/077753 CN2018077753W WO2018192306A1 WO 2018192306 A1 WO2018192306 A1 WO 2018192306A1 CN 2018077753 W CN2018077753 W CN 2018077753W WO 2018192306 A1 WO2018192306 A1 WO 2018192306A1
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Prior art keywords
coil
power transmitter
coils
power
terminals
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PCT/CN2018/077753
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English (en)
French (fr)
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彭筱峻
潘思铭
李暾
贺大玮
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成都市易冲无线科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2018192306A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018192306A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/006—Details of transformers or inductances, in general with special arrangement or spacing of turns of the winding(s), e.g. to produce desired self-resonance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2823—Wires
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to a wireless charging system, and more particularly to the design of a power transmitter coil in a system.
  • Wireless charging is an evolving technology that brings new convenience to charging electronics.
  • energy is transferred from one or more power transmitter (TX) coils to one or more power receiver (RX) coils by magnetic coupling.
  • TX power transmitter
  • RX power receiver
  • input power is transmitted from a power transmitter to a power receiver through two or more magnetically coupled coils.
  • the magnetic coupling coil includes a power transmitter coil and a power receiver coil.
  • Conventional wireless charging systems typically have a very limited charging area and require the RX device to be aligned with the TX device while charging.
  • the present disclosure proposes a TX coil design to achieve a large uniform charging area with high charging efficiency in a wireless charging system.
  • the present disclosure relates to power transmitter coils for wireless charging systems.
  • the power transmitter coil can include a square coil and two terminals. Two terminals extend from the coil.
  • the coils can be made by routing wires in a plane.
  • the system can include a power transmitter and a power receiver.
  • the power transmitter can include one or more power transmitter coils.
  • the power transmitter coils can be coupled to one or more power receiver coils.
  • the power receiver can include one or more power receiver coils and is configured to wirelessly charge the device.
  • the one or more power transmitter coils may include square coils that are wired by wires in a plane.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system consistent with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 2(a)-2(b) are top plan illustrations illustrating power transmitter coils consistent with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 3(a)-3(b) are side view illustrations illustrating power transmitter coils consistent with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless charging system 100 consistent with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • System 100 can include multiple components, some of which are optional. In some embodiments, system 100 may include more components than those shown in FIG. However, it is not necessary to demonstrate all of these components in order to disclose the illustrative embodiments.
  • the System 100 can include a transmitter side 101 and a receiver side 102.
  • the transmitter side 101 can include power input nodes (+ and -) 111, a power amplifier 112, and a power transmitter.
  • the power transmitter can include a TX matching network 113, and one or more TX coils 114.
  • the receiver side 102 can include a power receiver, a rectifier 117, and a load 118 of the RX device.
  • the power receiver can include one or more RX coils 115 and an RX matching network 116.
  • the load 118 can be a battery that requires a charging device.
  • the device can be a mobile device, a wearable device, a tablet device, a computer, a car, or any device that includes a rechargeable battery.
  • One or more RX coils can be coupled to the device.
  • Power input node 111 can be coupled to power amplifier 112.
  • Power amplifier 112 can be coupled to TX matching network 113.
  • TX matching network 113 can be coupled to one or more TX coils 114.
  • TX matching network 113 may include one or more capacitors. The capacitance of one or more capacitors can be adjustable.
  • the TX matching network 113 and the TX coil 114 may form a resonant circuit or an LC circuit, where L represents a TX coil and C represents a capacitor connected together. The frequency of the LC circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the capacitance of the TX matching network 113.
  • TX coil 114 may be coupled to one or more RX coils 115 via magnetic coupling.
  • the RX coil 115 can be coupled to an RX matching network 116, the RX matching network 116 can be coupled to a rectifier 117, and the rectifier 117 can be coupled to a load 118.
  • the RX matching network 116 can include one or more capacitors. One or more capacitors can have adjustable capacitance. A capacitor can be used to regulate the frequency of the LC circuit formed by RX coil 115 and RX matching network 116. Therefore, the resonant frequency of the LC circuit can be determined by tuning the capacitance of the capacitor.
  • TX matching network 113, TX coil 114, RX coil 115 and RX matching network 116 form a coil-to-coil subsystem 103.
  • the input voltage is converted from a DC power source to an AC power source and amplified by a power amplifier 112. Power is then transmitted from the transmitter side 101 to the receiver side 102 by two or more coupled coils. The AC voltage received at the receiver side 102 is regulated by the rectifier 117 back to the DC voltage and then transmitted to the load 118.
  • the TX coil can be designed to achieve a large area effective charging area while minimizing the physical size of the coil by changing its parameters.
  • the effective charging area of a set of TX and RX coils is defined as the charging area placed relative to the RX coil of the TX coil, wherein if the center of the RX coil is located within the charging area, the efficiency of the coil to coil between the coils should be not less than the desired value (eg , a value expected or predetermined by the user).
  • the effective charging area can be on a horizontal plane parallel to the TX coil. For example, the effective charging area can be on the same plane as the TX coil.
  • the radius of the effective charging zone can be defined as the horizontal distance between the center of the TX coil (eg, the vertical projection of the center on the horizontal plane of the active charging zone) and the boundary of the active charging zone. In some embodiments, the distance between the TX and RX coils can vary from 0-10 mm.
  • the parameters of the TX coil may refer to the coil shape, the number of turns, the outer diameter, the inner diameter, and the like. These parameters can be adjusted to optimize coil to coil efficiency based on simulation and experimentation.
  • the efficiency of the coil to the coil refers to the efficiency between the TX coil and the RX coil. Calculated by the ratio of RX coil output power (eg, alternating current (AC) power) to TX coil input power (eg, AC power). Losses that affect coil-to-coil efficiency include conductor losses in the coil, parasitic resistance losses of the TX and RX matched capacitors, and other losses.
  • RX coil output power eg, alternating current (AC) power
  • TX coil input power eg, AC power
  • the parameter values for the exemplary TX coil design are shown in Table 1. Small fluctuations in parameter values are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure. Table 1 also lists the possible ranges of variation.
  • the number of turns in the coil can be five.
  • the coil may be a square having an outer diameter of 50 mm and an inner diameter of 37.5 mm.
  • the wire can be made of copper with an insulating package and has an overall diameter of 1.2 mm.
  • the spacing between adjacent edges of the insulated wires between the edges can be 0 mm.
  • the coil can be made of a Litz wire. This particular TX coil design achieves a uniform effective charging area with a coil-to-coil efficiency of not less than 90% in a circular effective charging area with a radius of not less than 20 mm.
  • the coil-to-coil efficiency is not less than 95% of the coil-to-coil peak efficiency.
  • the coil-to-coil peak efficiency is defined as the coil-to-coil efficiency when the center of the RX coil and the TX coil are aligned.
  • the TX coil has an outer diameter of 48-52 mm and an inner diameter of 35.5-39.5 mm.
  • the TX coil can include 4-6 turns of wire.
  • the wire may be made of copper having an overall diameter of 1.05-1.35 mm including an insulating layer.
  • FIG. 2(a) is a top view illustration of an exemplary TX coil.
  • the wires are arranged in a square coil having two extended terminals. The corners of the square coil can be circular.
  • the inner diameter of the TX coil is indicated by ID, and the outer diameter of the TX coil is indicated by OD.
  • the two terminals whose end length is h (for example, 3 mm) are separated by a distance of d (for example, 5 mm).
  • the area 1 in Figure 2(b) is selected and enlarged.
  • the wires have a diameter D and the insulated wires are tightly routed without spacing between the turns.
  • the TX coil contains 5 turns of wire.
  • Figure 3 (a) is a side view illustration of an exemplary TX coil.
  • the TX coil is viewed from the two terminals in the direction of the coil.
  • Two circles indicate the cross section of the two extended terminals, and the rod shape represents a side view of the TX coil.
  • the thickness of the coil is equal to 1.2 mm, which is the same as the overall diameter of the wire.
  • the wires are closely arranged into the coil in the same plane.
  • the area 2 in Fig. 3(b) is selected and enlarged. Both terminals have an overall diameter of D.
  • One of the terminals (T1) is located in the same plane as the coil, and the other terminal (T2) is located in close contact with the plane.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于无线充电系统的功率发射器线圈。功率发射器线圈可包括一个方形线圈和两个端子。两个端子可从线圈引出。线圈由平面中的导线布线而成。

Description

无线充电系统中的功率发射器线圈
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求了于2017年3月16日提交的题为“无线充电系统中的功率发射器线圈”的编号为62/472,325的美国临时申请的权益。上述申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本公开通常涉及一种无线充电系统，特别是，系统中功率发射器线圈的设计。
背景
无线充电是一种不断发展的技术，可为充电电子设备带来新的便利。在无线充电系统中，特别是感应无线充电系统，能量通过磁耦合从一个或多个功率发射器(TX)线圈传送到一个或多个功率接收器(RX)线圈。
在一般的无线充电系统中，输入功率通过两个或更多个磁耦合线圈从功率发射器传送到功率接收器。磁耦合线圈包括功率发射器线圈和功率接收器线圈。常规无线充电系统通常具有一个非常有限的充电区域并且在充电时要求RX设备与TX设备对准。
为了提升用户体验和扩大无线充电应用，期望设计一种具有高充电效率的无线充电系统来覆盖一个大的充电区域。本公开提出了一种TX线圈的设计，以在无线充电系统中实现具有高充电效率的大的均匀充电区域。
概要
本公开涉及用于无线充电系统的功率发射器线圈。功率发射器线圈可包括一个方形线圈和两个端子。两个端子从线圈伸出。线圈可用平面中的导线布线而成。
本公开的另一方面涉及无线充电系统。该系统可包括功率发射器和功率接收器。功率发射器可包括一个或多个功率发射器线圈。功率发射器线圈可耦合到一个或多个功率接收器线圈。功率接收器可包含一个或多个功率接收器线圈，并且构造为能对设备进行无线充电。一个或多个功率发射器线圈可包括由平面中导线布线而成的方形线圈。
应当理解，前面的常规描述和以下的详细描述仅是示例性和说明性的，并不是限制本发明，正如所要求的。
附图说明
附图是本公开的一个组成部分，它展示了几个非限制性实施例，并且与描述一起用于解释本公开的原理。
图1是说明与本公开的示例性实施例一致的无线充电系统的框图。
图2(a)-2(b)是说明与本公开的示例性实施例一致的功率发射器线圈的俯视图图示。
图3(a)-3(b)是说明与本公开的示例性实施例一致的功率发射器线圈的侧视图图示。
具体实施方式
现将详细参考示例性实施例，其示例会在附图中说明。除非另有说明，以下描述会涉及附图，不同附图中相同的附图标记表示相同或相似的元件。在以下描述中所阐述的与本发明一致的示例性实施例的实现不代表与本发明所有的实现一致。相反，它们只是与本发明相关方面一致的系统和方法的一些例子。
图1是图解说明与本公开的示例性实施例一致的无线充电系统100的框图。系统100可以包括多个组件，其中一些组件是可选的。在一些实施例中，系统100可能包括比图1所示的更多的组件。然而，没必要为了公开说明性实施例而展示出所有这些部件。
系统100可以包括发射器侧101和接收器侧102。发射器侧101可以包括功率输入节点(+和-)111，功率放大器112，和功率发射器。功率发射器可以包括TX匹配网络113，和一个或多个TX线圈114。接收器侧102可以包括功率接收器，整流器117，和RX设备的负载118。功率接收器可以包括一个或多个RX线圈115和RX匹配网络116。负载118可以是需充电设备的电池。该设备可以是移动设备，可穿戴设备，平板设备，计算机，汽车或者包含可充电电池的任何设备。一个或多个RX线圈可以耦合到该设备。功率输入节点111可以耦合到功率放大器112。功率放大器112可以耦合到TX匹配网络113。TX匹配网络113可以耦合到一个或多个TX线圈114。TX匹配网络113可以包括一个或多个电容器。一个或多个电容器的电容可以是可调节的。TX匹配网络113和TX线圈114可以形成谐振电路或LC电路，其中L表示TX线圈，C表示连接在一起的电容器。可通过调整TX匹配网络113的电容来调节LC电路的频率。TX线圈114可以经由磁耦合与一个或多个RX线圈115耦合。在接收器侧102中，RX线圈115可以耦合到RX匹配网络116，RX匹配网络116可以耦合到整流器117，整流器117可以耦合到负载118。RX匹配网络116可以包含一个或多个电容器。一个或多个电容器可以具有可调电容。电容器可用于调节由RX线圈115和RX匹配网络116形成的LC电路的频率。因此，可以通过调谐电容器的电容来确定LC电路的谐振频率。TX匹配网络113，TX线圈114，RX线圈115和RX匹配网络116组成了一个线圈到线圈的子系统103。
在一个实施例中，输入电压从直流电源转换为交流电源并由功率放大器112放大。然后通过两个或更多个耦合线圈将功率从发射器侧101发送到接收器侧102。在接收器侧102接收的交流电压被整流器117调节回直流电压然后被传送到负载118。
TX线圈可设计为实现大面积有效充电区域，同时通过改变其参数来最小化线圈的物理尺寸。一组TX和RX线圈的有效充电区域定义为相对于TX线圈的RX线圈放置的充电区域，其中如果RX线圈的中心位于充电区域内，则线圈之间线圈到线圈的效率应不小于期望值(例如，由用户期望或预先确定的值)。有效充电区域可以在与TX线圈平行的水平面上。例如，有效充电区域可以在与TX线圈相同的平面上。“水平”可以指与TX或RX线圈平面平行的方向，而“垂直”可以指垂直于该平面的方向。有效充电区域的半径可以被定义为TX线圈的中心(例如，中心在有效充电区域所在水平面上的垂直投影)与有效充电区域的边界之间的水平距离。在一些实施例中，TX和RX线圈之间的距离可以在0-10mm之间变化。TX线圈的参数可以指线圈形状，匝数，外径，内径等。基于仿真和实验，可以调整这些参数以优化线圈到线圈的效率。线圈到线圈的效率是指TX线圈和 RX线圈之间的效率。通过RX线圈输出功率(例如，交流(AC)功率)与TX线圈输入功率(例如，AC功率)的比率来计算。影响线圈到线圈效率的损耗包括线圈中的导体损耗，TX和RX匹配电容器的寄生电阻损耗以及其他损耗。
表1中展示了示例性TX线圈设计的参数值。参数值的小波动视为在本公开结构和设计范围内。表1还列出了可能的变化范围。线圈中的匝数可以是5。线圈可以是外径为50mm，内径为37.5mm的正方形。导线可以由具有绝缘包装的铜制成，且整体直径为1.2mm。绝缘导线相邻匝之间边缘到边缘的间距可以为0mm。线圈可以由利兹线制成。这种特定的TX线圈设计可以在圆形有效充电区域内实现一个线圈到线圈效率不小于90％的均匀有效充电区域，其半径不小于20mm。同样在TX线圈的中心，线圈到线圈效率不低于线圈到线圈峰值效率的95％。线圈到线圈峰值效率定义为当RX线圈和TX线圈的中心对准时的线圈到线圈效率。
参数 符号 值 变化范围
匝数 N 5 4-6
线圈形状 / 方形 拐角可是圆形
外径 OD 50mm ±2mm
内径 ID 37.5mm ±2mm
匝间距 S 0mm /
线圈类型 / 利兹线 /
导线材料 / 铜绞线 相似材料
导线整体直径 D 1.2mm ±0.15mm
表1
在一些实施例中，TX线圈具有48-52mm的外径和35.5-39.5mm的内径。TX线圈可以包括4-6匝的导线。导线可以由包括绝缘层的整体直径为1.05-1.35mm的铜制成。
图2(a)是实例性TX线圈的俯视图图解说明。如图2(a)所示，导线布置成具有两个延伸端子的方形线圈。方形线圈的拐角可以是圆形。TX线圈的内径用ID表示，TX线圈的外径用OD表示。端部长度为h(例如3mm)的两个端子以d(例如5mm)的距离分开。为了清楚地看到TX线圈，选择并放大图2(b)中的区域1。在一个实施例中，导线具有直径D，并且绝缘导线在匝之间没有间隔的情况下紧密布线。在该示例性设计中，TX线圈包含5匝的导线。
图3(a)是实例性TX线圈的侧视图图解说明。从两个端子向线圈方向观察TX线圈。两个圆圈表示两个延伸端子的横截面，杆状形状表示TX线圈的侧视图。如图3(a)所示，线圈的厚度等于1.2mm，与线的整体直径相同。导线在同一平面内紧密地布置到线圈中。为了清楚地看到端子的位置，选择并放大图3(b)中的区域2。两个端子的整体直径均为D。其中一个端子(T1)位于与线圈相同的平面中，另一个端子(T2)位于与该平面紧密接触的位置。
在此描述和要求保护的本发明并不受本文公开的特定优选实施例的限制，因为这些实施例旨在说明本发明的若干方面。实际上，除了本文展示和描述的那些之外，本发明的各种修改对于本领域技术人员来说将从上述描述中变得显而易见。这样的修改也旨在落入所附权利要求的范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种用于无线充电系统的功率发射器线圈，包括：
    一个由平面上的导线布线而成的方形线圈；和
    两个从线圈伸出的端子。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的功率发射器线圈，其中线圈具有48-52mm的外径。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的功率发射器线圈，其中线圈具有35.5-39.5mm的内径。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的功率发射器线圈，其中线圈具有4-6匝的导线。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的功率发射器线圈，其中线圈的导线相邻匝无间隙地紧密布线。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的功率发射器线圈，其中线圈导线类型为利兹线。
  7. 根据权利要求1的功率发射器线圈，其中导线由具有绝缘包装的铜制成，且整体直径为1.05-1.35mm。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的功率发射器线圈，其中两个端子的长度为3mm，并且两个端子的间隔距离为5mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的功率发射器线圈，其中，一个端子位于线圈平面中，另一端子位于与线圈平面紧密接触的位置。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的功率发射器线圈，其中线圈的拐角是圆形的。
  11. 一种无线充电系统，包括：
    构造为接收输入功率的功率发射器，该功率发射器包括无线耦合到一个或多个功率接收器线圈的一个或多个功率发射器线圈；和
    包括一个或多个功率接收器线圈并构造成为设备充电的功率接收器，其中：
    一个或多个功率发射器线圈包括由平面中的导线布线而成的方形线圈。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的系统，其中一个或多个功率发射器线圈具有48-52mm的外径。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的系统，其中一个或多个功率发射器线圈具有35.5-39.5mm的内径。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的系统，其中一个或多个功率发射器线圈具有4-6匝的导线。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的系统，其中导线邻匝无间隔地紧密布线。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的系统，其中导线是利兹线。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的系统，其中导线由具有绝缘包装的铜制成，且整体直径为1.05-1.35mm。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的系统，其中两个端子的长度为3mm，并且两个端子间隔距离为5mm。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的系统，其中一个端子位于平面中，另一端子位于与平面紧密接触的位置。
  20. 根据权利要求11所述的系统，其中一个或多个功率发射器线圈的拐角为圆形。
PCT/CN2018/077753 2017-03-16 2018-03-01 无线充电系统中的功率发射器线圈 WO2018192306A1 (zh)

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