WO2018190097A1

WO2018190097A1 - Hydroponic system

Info

Publication number: WO2018190097A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/011424
Authority: WO
Inventors: 英里香安部; 宏矢野
Original assignee: パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date: 2017-04-13
Filing date: 2018-03-22
Publication date: 2018-10-18
Also published as: CN110505804A; JPWO2018190097A1; KR20190121854A

Abstract

A hydroponic system (100) is provided with a cultivation vessel (7) that includes at least some of plants (8), a fluid fertilizer spray unit (5a) for spraying a fluid fertilizer (50) to a space inside the cultivation vessel (7) so as to supply the fluid fertilizer (50) to at least some of the plants (8), a cleaning fluid ejection unit (3a) for ejecting a fluid for cleaning to the space inside the cultivation vessel (7) so as to clean at least some of the plants (8) and/or the inner surface of the cultivation vessel (7), and a discharge passage (30) for guiding the fluid fertilizer (50) and the fluid for cleaning from the cultivation vessel (7) to the outside of the cultivation vessel (7).

Description

Hydroponics equipment

The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for cultivating a plant without using soil.

Conventionally, hydroponic cultivation equipment for cultivating plants without using soil has been developed. In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus, plants are grown while immersing the roots of the plants in liquid fertilizer or water.

JP 2012-10651 A

Generally, since plants are weak in a wet state, if they are in contact with liquid fertilizer for a long time, bacteria may be generated from the portion in contact with liquid fertilizer or the plant may be spoiled due to lack of oxygen. In hydroponics, since soil is not used, the old tissue of the plant remains in the hydroponics apparatus without being decomposed after being peeled off from the plant and dropped. When old tissue that has exfoliated from a plant rots, the plant may be adversely affected. However, the conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus has means for maintaining the sanitary environment in the vicinity of the plant in a good state in order to protect the plant from adverse effects due to the occurrence of bacteria and the decay of exfoliated tissue. Absent.

The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the conventional technology. And the objective of this invention is providing the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which can maintain the sanitary environment of the vicinity of a plant in a favorable state.

In order to solve the above problems, a hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention includes a cultivation tank containing at least a part of a plant and the liquid fertilizer so as to supply the liquid fertilizer to at least a part of the plant. The liquid fertilizer spraying part sprayed to the space in the cultivation tank, and the washing liquid to the space in the cultivation tank so as to wash at least one of at least a part of the plant and the inner surface of the cultivation tank A cleaning liquid discharging section for discharging, and a discharge channel for guiding the liquid fertilizer and the cleaning liquid from the cultivation tank to the outside of the cultivation tank.

According to the present invention, the sanitary environment near the plant can be maintained in a good state.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a whole block diagram for demonstrating the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a whole block diagram for demonstrating the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is the elements on larger scale for demonstrating the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is the elements on larger scale for demonstrating the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a whole block diagram for demonstrating the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is the elements on larger scale for demonstrating the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Embodiment 6 of this invention. (A) of FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in the long side direction of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Embodiment 6. In FIG. FIG. 6B is a longitudinal sectional view in the short side direction of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the sixth embodiment. FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the sixth embodiment. It is a whole block diagram for demonstrating the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is the elements on larger scale for demonstrating the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is the elements on larger scale for demonstrating the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Embodiment 8 of this invention.

Hereinafter, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following plurality of embodiments, even if there are some differences in shapes on the drawings, the parts denoted by the same reference symbols exhibit the same functions unless otherwise specified. And

The hydroponics apparatus of each embodiment described below is for cultivating root vegetables.

(Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of Embodiment 1 is demonstrated using FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of plants 8 are cultivated in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment. The plant 8 includes an above-ground part having leaves and stems, and an underground part having roots and underground stems. The plant 8 is, for example, ginseng (ginseng or ginseng) as a root vegetable whose basement is enlarged. However, ginseng is an example of a plant to be cultivated, and any plant may be cultivated in the hydroponics of the present embodiment.

1, an example of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes a housing 70 such as a hexahedral container. The housing 70 is conceptually drawn with a single line. Thereby, the plant 8 grows in the space blocked from the external space by the housing 70. Therefore, the atmosphere in the housing 70 is substantially cut off from the external atmosphere.

The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes an air conditioner 20 that adjusts the temperature and humidity of the space in the housing 70, and a control unit 60 that controls the air conditioner 20. Therefore, it is possible to introduce external air into the housing 70 or exhaust the air inside the housing 70 to the outside. Therefore, according to the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100, it is easy to manage the surrounding environment of the plant 8.

Further, since the casing 70 is formed of an opaque plastic material, light from the outside does not enter the casing 70. An operator who cultivates the plant 8 opens or closes a door (not shown) provided on the side surface of the housing 70, and then goes out of the opening provided in the housing 70. It can enter into the housing 70 from the part.

A multistage rack 80 is provided in the housing 70. However, in order to simplify the drawing, only one stage of the rack 80 is drawn. The rack 80 is conceptually drawn with a single line. One cultivation tank 7 is installed in each of the plurality of spaces divided into a matrix of the rack 80.

The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 7 that houses the underground portion of the plant 8. The opening on the upper side of the cultivation tank 7 is closed by the partitioning part 9. As a material of the partition part 9, for example, foamed polystyrene may be used. A through hole having a size that allows the plant 8 to pass therethrough is formed in the partition part 9, and a holding part 10 made of a sponge is inserted into the through hole. The cultivation tank 7 contains at least a part of the plant 8, specifically, an underground part of the plant 8. The plant 8 is held by the frictional force between the holding part 10 and the through hole of the partitioning part 9 and the frictional force between the holding part 10 and the plant 8 so that the ground part protrudes upward from the partitioning part 9. ing.

In the present embodiment, when the plant 8 is cultivated, a pipe as the discharge channel 30 is provided on the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7 so that the liquid fertilizer 50 is not stored in the cultivation tank 7. . The discharge channel 30 is connected to each of the cultivation tank 7 and the liquid fertilizer tank 1, and guides the liquid fertilizer 50 dropped on the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7 to the liquid fertilizer tank 1 by gravity.

Liquid fertilizer tank 1 stores liquid fertilizer 50. The liquid fertilizer 50 is supplied to the liquid fertilizer spraying part 5a in the cultivation tank 7 via the liquid fertilizer supply channel 5 by the spray pump 2A. The liquid fertilizer spraying unit 5 a sprays the liquid fertilizer 50 supplied by the liquid fertilizer supply channel 5 onto the space in the cultivation tank 7. Most of the liquid fertilizer 50 is sprayed toward the underground part of the plant 8 in the cultivation tank 7.

The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a lighting device 11, an air conditioner 20, a spray pump 2A, and a cleaning pump 2B. The control unit 60 controls each of the lighting device 11, the air conditioner 20, the spray pump 2A, and the cleaning pump 2B by transmitting wireless radio waves.

The lighting device 11 is a light source such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) or a fluorescent lamp attached to the lower surface of the shelf plate of the rack 80, and irradiates light on the ground part of the plant 8 from above. The light emission mode of the lighting device 11 is controlled by the control unit 60. The air conditioner 20 is attached to the ceiling surface of the housing 70 and is controlled by the control unit 60 to change the temperature and humidity of the atmosphere around the plant 8 in the housing 70.

The spray pump 2A supplies the liquid fertilizer 50 in the liquid fertilizer tank 1 to the liquid fertilizer spraying part 5a via the liquid fertilizer supply channel 5. The cleaning pump 2B supplies the liquid fertilizer 50 as the cleaning liquid in the liquid fertilizer tank 1 to the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a via the cleaning liquid supply channel 3. That is, in the present embodiment, the liquid fertilizer 50 as a nutrient of the plant 8 is used as a cleaning liquid. However, when the liquid fertilizer 50 is supplied into the cultivation tank 7 as a cleaning liquid, in order to achieve the purpose of cleaning, compared to the case where the liquid fertilizer 50 is supplied into the cultivation tank 7 as a nutrient, The supply amount per unit time is quite large. Both the spray pump 2A and the cleaning pump 2B are controlled by the control unit 60. The cleaning liquid supply channel 3 is provided with a cleaning liquid adjustment unit 4 that is controlled by the control unit 60 and adjusts the discharge mode of the cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a. Specifically, the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 includes a flow rate adjusting valve.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 60 controls the operation of the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 so that the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 adjusts the discharge mode. Thereby, each washing | cleaning liquid discharge part 3a of the some cultivation tank 7 wash | cleans to the space in the cultivation tank 7 so that at least any one of the at least one part of the plant 8 and the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7 may be wash | cleaned. The liquid for use is discharged. The discharge channel 30 guides the liquid fertilizer 50 and the cleaning liquid discharged from the cultivation tank 7 to the liquid fertilizer tank 1. Therefore, the sanitary environment in the vicinity of the plant 8 is maintained in a good state.

In the present embodiment, the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 is provided in each of a plurality of branch channels branched from the trunk channel of the cleaning liquid supply channel 3. Therefore, the control part 60 can control separately each discharge aspect of the liquid for washing | cleaning discharged in the some cultivation tank 7 using the some washing | cleaning liquid adjustment part 4. FIG. However, in this Embodiment, the control part 60 performs control which makes the some washing | cleaning liquid adjustment part 4 corresponding to each of the some cultivation tank 7 perform the same operation | movement.

The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 whose operation is controlled by the control unit 60. The cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 adjusts the discharge mode of the cleaning liquid discharged from the cleaning liquid discharging unit 3a. Therefore, by appropriately adjusting the discharge mode, such as the discharge time, discharge amount, and discharge timing of the cleaning liquid discharged from the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a, the cleaning liquid, that is, the liquid manure 50 is discharged in a better mode. can do. As a result, the sanitary environment in the vicinity of the plant 8 can be maintained in a good state.

In the present embodiment, the cleaning liquid discharger 3a cleans each of the underground part as the plant 8 and the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7 by using the liquid fertilizer 50 stored in the liquid fertilizer tank 1. According to this, since the liquid for washing | cleaning other than the liquid manure 50 is not used separately, the structure for washing | cleaning can be simplified.

In addition, the washing | cleaning liquid discharge part 3a may wash | clean only any one of the underground part as the at least one part of the plant 8, and the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7. FIG. In any case, in the present embodiment, the cleaning liquid discharger 3 a discharges the liquid fertilizer 50 upward and comes into contact with the plant 8, then falls to the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7, and enters the discharge channel 30. It flows along the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7. Accordingly, the liquid fertilizer 50 is discharged along the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7 together with at least the old tissue that has fallen from the plant 8 present on the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7 and the bacteria that have lived on the surface of the plant 8. It flows toward.

The cleaning liquid discharger 3a may be a simple opening at the tip of a pipe or a shower nozzle. On the other hand, the liquid manure spraying unit 5a is configured to spray a mist-like liquid so that the liquid manure 50 is easily absorbed from the roots of the plants 8. The flow rate of the liquid per unit time of the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a may be larger than the flow rate of the liquid per unit time of the liquid fertilizer spray unit 5a. That is, the cleaning liquid discharger 3a can be anything as long as it can enhance the effect of washing away the old tissue peeled from the plant 8 by using a larger amount of liquid fertilizer 50 per unit time than the liquid fertilizer spraying part 5a. It may be.

In this embodiment, the liquid fertilizer 50 is used as the cleaning liquid. However, the liquid fertilizer 50 in the liquid fertilizer tank 1 is replaced with a cleaning liquid other than the liquid fertilizer 50 such as water, and cultivated from the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a. It may be discharged into the tank 7. According to this, when it is not preferable that the excess liquid fertilizer 50 adheres to the plant 8 for a long time, the liquid fertilizer 50 can be effectively washed off from the plant 8.

(Embodiment 2)
Hereinafter, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of Embodiment 2 is demonstrated using FIG.

Since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the first embodiment, description of the same parts will not be repeated. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is different from the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the first embodiment with respect to the items described below.

In this embodiment, instead of the spray pump 2A and the cleaning pump 2B of the first embodiment, one pump 2 sends out the liquid manure 50 to the liquid manure supply flow path 5 and the cleaning liquid supply flow path 3, respectively. According to this, since the number of pumps can be reduced, the structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 can be simplified. In the present embodiment, the liquid manure adjusting unit 6 is provided in the liquid manure supply flow path 5. The liquid manure adjusting unit 6 adjusts the spray mode such as the spray amount, the spray pressure, and the spray timing of the liquid manure 50 flowing through the liquid fertilizer supply channel 5 from the liquid manure spray unit 5a. In the present embodiment, the cleaning liquid supply channel 3 is provided with a cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4. The cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 adjusts the flow rate of the liquid fertilizer 50 as the cleaning liquid flowing through the cleaning liquid supply channel 3. Specifically, the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 includes a flow rate adjusting valve.

The control unit 60 controls the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 and the liquid manure adjusting unit 6 to execute the spraying of the liquid manure 50 from the liquid manure spraying unit 5a for a predetermined time, for example, 15 minutes, and then for a specific time, for example, 15 minutes. Just stop spraying. In this case, the execution of the spray and the stop of the spray are alternately repeated for 24 hours. Further, at the end of the day, i.e., the spraying and stopping of spraying are alternately repeated for a certain time, for example, 24 hours, and then the washing liquid is washed away so that the old tissue of the plant 8 adhering to the plant 8 is washed away. The liquid fertilizer 50 as the cleaning liquid is discharged from the discharge unit 3a.

In the present embodiment, one cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 is provided only in the main flow path of the cleaning liquid supply flow path 3 that branches so as to be connected to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 7. According to this, the number of cleaning liquid adjustment parts 4 can be reduced.

(Embodiment 3)
Hereinafter, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of Embodiment 3 is demonstrated using FIG.

In the present embodiment, the cleaning liquid discharge part 3a that is the opening at the tip of the cleaning liquid supply flow path 3 is exposed on the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer 50 discharged from the cleaning liquid discharge part 3 a flows to the discharge flow path 30 along the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7. As a result, the old tissue and fungi of the plant 8 existing on the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7 can be more efficiently washed away by the liquid fertilizer 50.

(Embodiment 4)
Hereinafter, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of Embodiment 4 is demonstrated using FIG.

Since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is almost the same as the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the second embodiment, description of the same parts will not be repeated. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is different from the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the second embodiment with respect to matters described below.

The liquid fertilizer supply channel 5 and the cleaning liquid supply channel 3 of the second embodiment are realized by the same structure, that is, by the same pipe 35. However, the liquid manure spraying part 5a and the cleaning liquid discharge part 3a are realized by different structures. The piping 35 is provided with a switching valve 35a. The switching valve 35a is controlled by the control unit 60 to switch between guiding the liquid manure 50 to the liquid manure spraying unit 5a or guiding the liquid manure 50 to the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a as a cleaning liquid. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the switching valve 35a functions as both the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 of the second embodiment and the liquid fertilizer adjusting unit 6 of the second embodiment. Also in the present embodiment, the liquid flow rate per unit time of the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a only needs to be larger than the liquid flow rate per unit time of the liquid fertilizer spray unit 5a.

According to the present embodiment, the liquid fertilizer 50 and the cleaning liquid are simplified while simplifying the structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 by sharing the flow path for leading the liquid fertilizer 50 and the cleaning liquid to the cultivation tank 7. The discharge mode of (liquid fertilizer 50) can be made different.

(Embodiment 5)
Hereinafter, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of Embodiment 5 is demonstrated using FIG.

In the present embodiment, the spray pump 2A is provided in the liquid fertilizer tank 1A, but the cleaning pump 2B is provided in the cleaning liquid tank 1B. Although liquid fertilizer 50 is stored in liquid fertilizer tank 1A, water 51 is stored in cleaning liquid tank 1B. Therefore, when the cleaning pump 2B is driven, the water 51 flows through the piping as the cleaning liquid supply flow path 3. Thereby, the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7 and the underground part of the plant 8 are washed with the water 51. That is, in this Embodiment, the washing | cleaning liquid discharge part 3a wash | cleans each of at least one part of the plant 8 and the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7 using the water 51 as a washing | cleaning liquid. Therefore, the liquid fertilizer 50 can be washed off from the plant 8 with the water 51. As a result, generation | occurrence | production of the state which the liquid fertilizer 50 has adhered to the plant 8 for a long period can be suppressed. Therefore, the hydroponics apparatus 100 of embodiment can exhibit a higher effect, when the excess liquid fertilizer 50 adheres to the plant 8 over a long period of time has a bad influence on the growth of the plant 8. .

In the present embodiment, an example in which a cleaning liquid tank 1B for storing water 51 is provided is shown. However, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 does not have the cleaning liquid tank 1B, and when the faucet provided in the public water pipe is opened, the tap water flows through the piping as the cleaning liquid supply channel 3 so that the cleaning liquid discharge unit It may be discharged from 3a.

In the present embodiment, the discharge flow path 30 includes a flow path from the cultivation tank 7 to the liquid fertilizer tank 1A and a flow path from the cultivation tank 7 to the cleaning liquid tank 1B. In the flow path from the cultivation tank 7 to the liquid fertilizer tank 1A, an opening / closing valve V1 whose opening / closing operation is controlled by the control unit 60 is provided. When the open / close valve V1 is closed, the liquid fertilizer 50 does not flow from the cultivation tank 7 to the liquid fertilizer tank 1A, and when the open / close valve V1 is opened, the liquid fertilizer 50 flows from the cultivation tank 7 to the liquid fertilizer tank 1A. An opening / closing valve V2 whose opening / closing operation is controlled by the control unit 60 is provided in the flow path from the cultivation tank 7 to the cleaning liquid tank 1B. When the opening / closing valve V2 is closed, the water 51 as a cleaning liquid does not flow from the cultivation tank 7 to the cleaning liquid tank 1B, and when the opening / closing valve V2 is opened, from the cultivation tank 7 to the cleaning liquid tank 1B. Water 51 as a cleaning liquid flows.

The control unit 60 controls the on-off valve V1 and the on-off valve V2 so that the on-off valve V1 is opened and the on-off valve V2 is closed when spraying of the liquid manure 50 from the liquid manure spraying unit 5a is being executed. On the other hand, the control unit 60 controls the on-off valve V1 and the on-off valve V2 to close the on-off valve V1 and open the on-off valve V2 when the water 51 as the cleaning liquid is discharged from the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a. To do. According to this, since the liquid manure supply flow path 5 and the cleaning liquid supply flow path 3 are separately provided, mixing of the liquid manure 50 and the water 51 as the cleaning liquid is suppressed.

In the present embodiment, another cleaning solution may be used instead of the water 51 if it is not harmful to the plant 8.

(Embodiment 6)
Hereinafter, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (c).

Since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the third embodiment, description of the same parts will not be repeated. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is different from the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the third embodiment with respect to matters described below.

In this Embodiment, the washing | cleaning liquid discharge part 3a is toward only the inner wall surface which is a surface extended in the perpendicular direction of the cultivation tank 7, in addition to the part which sprays the liquid for washing | cleaning toward the underground part of the plant 8. A portion for discharging a cleaning liquid is included. That is, at least a part of the cleaning liquid discharger 3 a is arranged inside the cultivation tank 7 so as to discharge the cleaning liquid toward only the inner wall surface of the cultivation tank 7. Therefore, the sanitary environment in the vicinity of the plant 8 can be maintained in a better state by cleaning the inner wall surface of the cultivation tank 7 more effectively. In addition, the washing | cleaning liquid discharge part 3a is not provided with the part which sprays the washing | cleaning liquid toward the underground part of the plant 8, and is only for the inner wall surface which is a surface extended in the perpendicular direction of the cultivation tank 7. You may consist only of the part which discharges a liquid.

(Embodiment 7)
Hereinafter, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of Embodiment 7 is demonstrated using FIG. 7 and FIG.

Since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is almost the same as the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the fifth embodiment, description of the same parts will not be repeated. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is different from the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to the fifth embodiment with respect to matters described below.

The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment further includes a duct as a blower unit 15 having a blowout hole 15a for blowing out air inside the cultivation tank 7. Therefore, foreign matter such as old tissue attached to at least one of the plant 8 and at least one of the inner surfaces of the cultivation tank 7 is blown away by air. Thereby, the foreign matter is peeled off from the plant 8 and dropped onto the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7. Therefore, the foreign matter is more effectively discharged from the cultivation tank 7 using the cleaning liquid discharged from the cleaning liquid discharger 3a.

The direction of the wind blown from the blowout hole 15a is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable that the blowout holes 15a are arranged so that the wind is sent over the entire space in the cultivation tank 7.

In this Embodiment, as FIG. 8 shows, the ventilation part 15 is arrange | positioned so that it may extend in the horizontal direction in the cultivation tank 7, and the several blowing hole 15a is provided in the horizontal direction at fixed intervals. Yes. However, the interval between the plurality of blowing holes 15a may not be constant.

The amount of wind blown from the blowout hole 15a is not particularly limited, but it is necessary to remove excess moisture attached to the inner and bottom surfaces of the cultivation tank 7, the surface of the underground portion of the plant 8, and the lower surface of the holding portion 10. It is preferable that it is a thing which can do.

The blowing unit 15 is provided with a blowing amount adjusting unit V3, specifically, an air volume adjusting valve and an air flow meter, and the control unit 60 controls the blowing amount adjusting unit V3, specifically, the value of the air flow meter. The air flow rate valve is controlled so that becomes a predetermined value. Thereby, at least any one of the air volume, the wind speed, and the wind pressure of the air which blows off from the blowing hole 15a to the space in the cultivation tank 7 is adjusted. When the blowing of wind from the blowout hole 15a is being executed, the amount of air blown in each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 7 is kept constant.

The timing at which the wind is blown out from the blowout holes 15a is a fixed time after the cleaning liquid is discharged from the cleaning liquid discharger 3a. For example, after the cleaning liquid is discharged from the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a, the wind may be blown out from the blowout hole 15a to the space in the cultivation tank 7 for 20 minutes.

According to the present embodiment, it is possible to remove excess water from the inner and bottom surfaces of the cultivation tank 7, the surface of the underground part of the plant 8, and the holding part 10. According to this, since the root of the plant 8 can be suppressed from being exposed to an excessively wet state, the decay of the plant 8 can be prevented.

(Embodiment 8)
Since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the second embodiment, description of the same parts will not be repeated. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is different from the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the second embodiment with respect to matters described below.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the same structure X performs the functions of the liquid fertilizer spray unit 5a and the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a of the above-described second embodiment. . Moreover, the same structure Y fulfill | performs each function of the liquid fertilizer supply flow path 5 and the washing | cleaning liquid supply flow path 3 of Embodiment 2 mentioned above. According to this, without complicating the structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100, that is, with the same structure X and the same structure Y, spraying of the liquid fertilizer 50 and discharging of the cleaning liquid can be realized. . Although not shown, both the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 of the second embodiment and the liquid fertilizer adjusting unit 6 of the second embodiment are configured by the same structure.

In this case, the control unit 60 controls at least one of the spray pressure, the spray amount, and the spray timing by the same structure X functioning as the liquid manure spray unit 5a. Thereby, the discharge mode of the cleaning liquid discharged from the same structure X functioning as the cleaning liquid discharger 3a can be adjusted. That is, the control unit 60 controls the same structure that performs the functions of the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 of the second embodiment and the liquid fertilizer adjusting unit 6 of the second embodiment, so that the liquid fertilizer 50 is changed from the same structure X. Spraying or discharging is selected. However, even in this case, the amount of the liquid fertilizer 50 as the cleaning liquid discharged from the same structure X functioning as the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a is the liquid fertilizer sprayed from the same structure X functioning as the liquid fertilizer spraying part 5a. More than 50 quantities. According to this, the sanitary environment in the vicinity of the plant 8 can be maintained in a good state with a simple configuration.

(Embodiment 9)
Since the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the first embodiment, description of the same parts will not be repeated. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment is different from the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the first embodiment with respect to the items described below.

In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, a water-repellent coating (not shown) is applied to the entire inner surface of the cultivation tank 7 in the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of each of the embodiments described above. . The water-repellent coating makes it difficult for foreign substances such as old tissues and bacteria detached from the plant 8 to adhere to the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7. Therefore, it becomes easy to wash away foreign substances existing on the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7 by discharging a cleaning liquid. The water-repellent coating can be any fluorine coating or silicone coating as long as it can prevent the foreign matter from adhering to the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7 and facilitate the washing of the foreign matter with the cleaning liquid. Also good. The water repellent coating may be applied only to a part of the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7 to which foreign substances are likely to adhere.

(Common items of each embodiment)
In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to each of the embodiments described above, the control unit 60 includes the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 so that the cleaning liquid is discharged from the cleaning liquid discharging unit 3a after the liquid fertilizer 50 is sprayed by the liquid manure spraying unit 5a. Control the behavior. Since the liquid fertilizer 50 is prevented from being left in a state of adhering to the plant 8 for a long time, the sanitary environment in the vicinity of the plant 8 can be maintained in a good state. However, for the same reason, the control unit 60 may control the operation of the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 so that the cleaning liquid is discharged from the cleaning liquid discharging unit 3a while the liquid fertilizer 50 is sprayed by the liquid manure spraying unit 5a. Good.

The liquid fertilizer 50 is sent out from the liquid fertilizer supply flow path 5 to the liquid fertilizer spraying part 5a by a certain amount at a certain time. The liquid manure spraying part 5a should just be a structure which can perform spraying. The number of spray holes is not particularly limited, but it is desirable that the liquid fertilizer 50 can be sprayed uniformly on the plant 8. The size of the spray hole may be a size that allows the mist-like liquid fertilizer 50 to be sprayed toward the underground portion of the plant 8. The flow rate and flow rate of the cleaning liquid, such as liquid fertilizer 50 or water, may be any. However, the cleaning liquid discharger 3a is controlled so as to discharge the cleaning liquid only at a flow rate, a flow rate, and a time at which the old tissue peeled off from the plant 8 is washed from the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7 to the discharge channel 30. It is desirable that the unit 60 controls the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4.

The cleaning liquid discharger 3a may be any type as long as it discharges cleaning liquid such as water or liquid fertilizer 50 for a predetermined time during or after spraying the liquid fertilizer 50 from the liquid fertilizer spraying part 5a. After the liquid manure spraying unit 5a sprays the liquid manure 50 for a predetermined time, for example, 5 minutes, the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a may discharge the liquid manure 50 or the water 51 for a specific time, for example, 10 minutes.

In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of each embodiment described above, it is preferable that the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7 is inclined toward the discharge channel 30. According to this, together with the liquid fertilizer 50 and the cleaning liquid, it is possible to effectively introduce foreign tissue such as old tissue that has been peeled off from the plant 8 and bacteria that have been washed away from the plant 8 to the discharge flow path 30.

In each of the above embodiments, the discharge channel 30 is connected to the cultivation tank 7 and the liquid fertilizer tanks 1 and 1A or the cleaning liquid tank 1B, but other than the cultivation tank 7 and the liquid fertilizer tanks 1 and 1A or the cleaning liquid tank 1B. It may be connected to other equipment outside. In this case, the liquid fertilizer 50 or the cleaning liquid in the cultivation tank 7 may be discarded after being used.

In each of the above embodiments, the liquid fertilizer supply section is configured by the spray pump 2A and the liquid fertilizer supply flow path 5. Further, the cleaning liquid supply unit is configured by the cleaning pump 2 </ b> B and the cleaning liquid supply flow path 3. In each embodiment, the liquid fertilizer 50 is supplied into the cultivation tank 7 by the spray pump 2A, and the cleaning liquid is supplied into the cultivation tank 7 by the cleaning pump 2B. However, at least one of the liquid fertilizer 50 and the cleaning liquid may be supplied to the cultivation tank 7 by its own weight. In this case, at least one of the liquid fertilizer tank 1 </ b> A and the cleaning liquid tank 1 </ b> B is arranged at a position higher than the cultivation tank 7, and the control unit 60 controls at least one of the liquid fertilizer supply channel 5 and the cleaning liquid supply channel 3. An opening / closing valve for controlling the opening / closing operation may be provided.

(Combination of embodiments)
As long as there is no contradiction, it is possible to combine each structure and function of the said embodiment. That is, some configurations and functions of the embodiments and some configurations and functions of the other embodiments can be combined with each other unless the invention cannot be implemented by the combination.

Hereinafter, the characteristic configuration of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the embodiment and the effects obtained thereby will be described.

(1) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 7, a liquid fertilizer spray unit 5 a, a cleaning liquid discharge unit 3 a, and a discharge channel 30. The cultivation tank 7 contains at least a part of the plant 8. The liquid fertilizer spraying unit 5 a sprays the liquid fertilizer 50 onto the space in the cultivation tank 7 so as to supply the liquid fertilizer 50 to at least a part of the plant 8. The cleaning liquid discharger 3 a discharges the cleaning liquid to the space in the cultivation tank 7 so as to wash at least one of the plants 8 and at least one of the inner surfaces of the cultivation tank 7. The discharge channel 30 guides the liquid fertilizer 50 and the cleaning liquid from the cultivation tank 7 to the outside of the cultivation tank 7. According to this, the sanitary environment in the vicinity of the plant 8 can be maintained in a good state.

(2) It is preferable that the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 further includes the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 and the control unit 60. The cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 adjusts the discharge mode of the cleaning liquid discharged from the cleaning liquid discharging unit 3a. The control unit 60 controls the operation of the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 so that the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 adjusts the discharge mode. According to this, since the cleaning liquid can be discharged in a better mode, the sanitary environment in the vicinity of the plant 8 can be maintained in a good state.

(3) It is preferable that the control unit 60 controls the operation of the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 so that the cleaning liquid discharging unit 3a discharges the cleaning liquid during or after the liquid fertilizer spraying unit 5a sprays the liquid manure 50. Since the liquid fertilizer is prevented from being left in a state of adhering to the plant 8 for a long time, the sanitary environment in the vicinity of the plant can be maintained in a good state.

(4) The same structure X may fulfill the functions of the liquid manure spraying part 5a and the cleaning liquid discharge part 3a. In this case, the control unit 60 controls the operation of the cleaning liquid adjusting unit 4 to change the spray mode of the liquid fertilizer 50 of the same structure X and the discharge mode of the cleaning liquid of the same structure X. According to this, spraying of liquid fertilizer and discharging of a cleaning liquid can be realized without complicating the structure of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100.

(5) The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a liquid fertilizer tank 1A for storing the liquid fertilizer 50, a liquid fertilizer supply channel 5 that guides the liquid fertilizer 50 from the liquid fertilizer tank 1A to the liquid fertilizer spray unit 5a, and a liquid fertilizer 50 from the liquid fertilizer tank 1A. And a spray pump 2 </ b> A to be sent out to the passage 5. Further, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cleaning liquid tank 1B for storing a cleaning liquid, a cleaning liquid supply channel 3 that guides the cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid tank 1B to the cleaning liquid discharge unit 3a, and a cleaning liquid. And a cleaning pump 2B that feeds the cleaning liquid supply channel 3 from 1B. According to this, the liquid fertilizer 50 and the cleaning liquid can be made different.

(6) At least a part of the cleaning liquid discharger 3 a may be arranged inside the cultivation tank 7 so as to discharge the cleaning liquid toward the inner wall surface of the cultivation tank 7. According to this, the sanitary environment in the vicinity of the plant 8 can be maintained in a better state by cleaning the inner wall surface of the cultivation tank 7 more effectively.

(7) The cleaning liquid discharger 3 a may discharge the liquid fertilizer 50 as a cleaning liquid into the space in the cultivation tank 7. Since no cleaning liquid is used separately from the liquid fertilizer 50, the structure for cleaning can be simplified.

(8) The cleaning liquid discharger 3 a may discharge water 51 as a cleaning liquid into the space in the cultivation tank 7. According to this, the liquid fertilizer 50 can be washed off from the plant 8 by the water 51. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the state which the liquid fertilizer 50 has adhered to the plant 8 for a long period can be suppressed, without having a bad influence on the plant 8. This is effective when cultivating the plant 8 where it is not preferable that the liquid fertilizer 50 adheres for a long period of time.

(9) It is preferable that the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 is provided with a water-repellent coating on the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7. According to this, since it is difficult for a foreign substance to adhere to the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7, it becomes easy to wash off the foreign substance which exists on the inner surface of the cultivation tank 7 by discharge of the liquid for washing | cleaning.

(10) It is preferable that the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 further includes a blower unit 15 having a blowout hole 15a for blowing out air inside the cultivation tank 7. According to this, the foreign matter adhering to at least one of the plant 8 and at least one of the inner surfaces of the cultivation tank 7 can be dropped onto the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 7 by blowing off the air with air. Therefore, discharge of foreign matter from the cultivation tank 7 using the cleaning liquid can be facilitated.
This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-079759 filed on Apr. 13, 2017, and incorporates by reference the entire contents described in the Japanese application. .

3a Cleaning liquid discharge part 4 Cleaning liquid control part 5a Liquid fertilizer spraying part 7 Cultivation tank 8 Plant 15 Blower part 15a Blow hole 30 Discharge flow path 35a Switching valve (cleaning liquid control part)
50 Liquid fertilizer 60 Control unit 100 Hydroponic cultivation equipment X Same structure (Liquid fertilizer spraying part, cleaning liquid discharge part)

Claims

A cultivation tank containing at least a part of the plant;
A liquid fertilizer spraying section for spraying the liquid fertilizer to a space in the cultivation tank so as to supply liquid fertilizer to at least a part of the plant;
A cleaning liquid discharger for discharging a cleaning liquid into the space in the cultivation tank so as to wash at least one of the plant and at least one of the inner surfaces of the cultivation tank;
A hydroponic cultivation apparatus comprising: a discharge channel that guides the liquid fertilizer and the cleaning liquid from the cultivation tank to the outside of the cultivation tank.
A cleaning liquid adjusting unit that adjusts a discharge mode of the cleaning liquid discharged from the cleaning liquid discharging unit;
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit that controls an operation of the cleaning liquid adjusting unit so that the cleaning liquid adjusting unit adjusts the discharge mode.
The said control part controls operation | movement of the said washing | cleaning liquid adjustment | control part so that the said liquid for washing | cleaning may be discharged from the said washing | cleaning liquid discharge part during or after spraying of the liquid manure by the said liquid manure spraying part. Hydroponics equipment.
The same structure fulfills the functions of the liquid fertilizer spray section and the cleaning liquid discharge section,
The said control part controls the operation | movement of the said washing | cleaning liquid adjustment | control part, and makes the spray aspect of the said liquid manure of the said same structure different from the said discharge aspect of the said liquid for washing | cleaning of the said same structure. Or the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of 3.
A liquid fertilizer tank for storing the liquid fertilizer;
A liquid fertilizer supply channel for guiding the liquid fertilizer from the liquid fertilizer tank to the liquid fertilizer spraying section;
A spray pump for sending the liquid fertilizer from the liquid fertilizer tank to the liquid fertilizer supply channel;
A cleaning liquid tank for storing the cleaning liquid;
A cleaning liquid supply flow path for guiding the cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid tank to the cleaning liquid discharge section;
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a cleaning pump that sends the cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid tank to the cleaning liquid supply channel.
The at least part of the cleaning liquid discharge section is disposed inside the cultivation tank so as to discharge the cleaning liquid toward the inner wall surface of the cultivation tank. Hydroponic cultivation equipment.
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cleaning liquid discharge unit discharges the liquid manure as the cleaning liquid into a space in the cultivation tank.
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cleaning liquid discharge unit discharges water as the cleaning liquid to a space in the cultivation tank.
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a water-repellent coating is provided on an inner surface of the cultivation tank.
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a blower section having a blowout hole for blowing out air inside the cultivation tank.