WO2018184209A1 - Procédé et dispositif d'émission de photons - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif d'émission de photons Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018184209A1
WO2018184209A1 PCT/CN2017/079728 CN2017079728W WO2018184209A1 WO 2018184209 A1 WO2018184209 A1 WO 2018184209A1 CN 2017079728 W CN2017079728 W CN 2017079728W WO 2018184209 A1 WO2018184209 A1 WO 2018184209A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photon
time
photons
time window
announced
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PCT/CN2017/079728
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
熊春乐
张翔
梁恒惠
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/079728 priority Critical patent/WO2018184209A1/fr
Priority to CN201780089253.2A priority patent/CN110521144B/zh
Publication of WO2018184209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018184209A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for photon output.
  • Single photon is the carrier of quantum communication and quantum computing.
  • the emission rate of single photon source directly determines the rate of quantum communication and the speed and scalability of quantum computing systems.
  • some specific quantum communication methods and quantum gate operations (such as quantum relay, quantum network, linear optical quantum computing, etc.) require a light source that can simultaneously generate multiple unresolvable photons.
  • the two most common methods in the prior art are two methods of simultaneously generating multiple unresolvable photons, one is to simply combine multiple photon sources, and the other is to generate multiple photons using a cascaded nonlinear process. Very inefficient.
  • the present application provides a method and apparatus for photon output that can increase the efficiency of simultaneously generating a plurality of indistinguishable photons.
  • the present application provides a method for photon output, including: after the end of a previous time window, when a photon is first detected, determining a start time of the current time window as the first detection of the Declaring a photon, the declaring photon and the declaring photon appear in pairs, the declaring photon being used to announce the existence of the declared photon, the declaring photon and the pair of photons appearing in the same photon by the same photon Generated from the source;
  • the time at which the declaring photon is detected for the first time is determined as the starting time of the current time window, and is currently Detecting the photon after the current time window start time, and adjusting the transmission time of all the announced photons corresponding to all the announced photons, so that the announced photon in the time window is
  • the output at the same output time increases the efficiency of simultaneously outputting photons.
  • the same output moment is a first output moment after the end of the current time window in the preset output moment.
  • the start time of the time window is determined to be before the time when the photon is announced.
  • the method also includes:
  • the time of the first detected photon is detected as the starting time of the first time window
  • the adjusting all the announced light corresponding to all the announced photons detected in the current time window is such that all of the announced photons in the time window are output at the same output time, including:
  • the time window has a length of 2 n T, and the T is a period in which the photon pair source generates the announcement photon and the announced photon, n
  • the optical delay optical path is used to adjust the transmission time of the announced photon corresponding to the announcement photon.
  • the length of the adjacent preset output moment is 2 n T, where the T is the photon pair source generating the announcement photon and the announced photon Cycle, n is the number of optical switches used in the optical delay optical path -1.
  • the present application provides an apparatus for outputting photons, comprising: a processor, a single photon detector, and an optical delay optical path, the method of any of the optional implementations of the first aspect or the first aspect.
  • the present application provides a system for outputting photons, including: a processor, a single photon detector, an optical delay optical path, and a plurality of photon pair sources, the processor being used for the first time after the end of the previous time window When the photon is detected, determining that the starting time of the current time window is the time when the photon is first detected, the declaring photon and the declared photon appearing in pairs, and the declaring photon is used to announce the announced photon.
  • the single photon detector is configured to detect the announcement photon within the current time window
  • the optical delay optical path is configured to adjust a transmission time of the announced photon corresponding to the announced photon detected in the current time window, so that the announced photon in the time window is outputted at the same output time;
  • the plurality of photon pair sources are used to generate declarative photons of the same nature and the same declared photons of the same nature.
  • the present application provides an apparatus for outputting photons, including a memory and a processor, the program storing thereon program code that can be used to indicate execution of the first or any optional implementation thereof, when When the code is executed, the processor can implement means for outputting photons in the method to perform various operations.
  • the present application provides a computer storage medium having stored therein program code, the program code being operative to indicate execution of any of the foregoing first aspect or any optional implementation of the first aspect Methods.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a system for outputting photons and apparatus in accordance with the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method of outputting photons in accordance with the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of adjusting the transmission time of a declared photon in accordance with the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for outputting photons in accordance with the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a system for outputting photons in accordance with the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a system 100 for outputting photons that can be applied to the present application.
  • the system 100 includes a photon pair source 110.
  • the photon pair source 110 can include a plurality of photon pair sources. Each photon pair source of the plurality of photon pairs can simultaneously generate a pair of photons, respectively.
  • the photon detector is configured to detect whether the photon generates a photon to the source. If the single photon detector detects the photon, the declared photon corresponding to the declaring photon can be generated; the optical delay optical path 130 is used to adjust the declared photon.
  • the transmission time is used by the processor 140 to control the optical delay optical path to adjust the transmission time of the announced photon.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method 200 of outputting photons of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the method 200 includes the following:
  • the photon is declared for the first time, it is determined that the starting time of the current time window is the time when the photon is detected for the first time, and the photon is declared to be paired with the photon being announced. Appearing, the declaring photon is used to declare the existence of the declared photon, the declaring photon and the pair of photons appearing in the pair are generated by the same photon pair source.
  • time window is a time window of a time division multiplexing operation.
  • the photon pairs the source simultaneously to generate two photons with a certain probability.
  • the two photons are time-correlated.
  • two photons are defined as declaring photons and declaring photons, and detecting photons predicts that photons are declared. The presence. After the end of the previous time window, the time at which the photon is declared for the first time is determined as the starting time of the current time window.
  • the method further includes: when the detecting is turned on, the first one is The detected time of the announced photon is determined as the starting time of the first time window; in the first time window, the announced photon is detected; and the corresponding photon detected in the first time window is adjusted The transmission time of the photon is declared such that the announced photon in the first time window is output at the same output time.
  • the transmission time of all the announced photons corresponding to all the announced photons detected in the current time window is adjusted, so that all the announced photons in the time window are outputted at the same output time.
  • the photon when the photon is detected, the photon is converted into an electric signal, and the photon disappears, and the transmission time of the declared photon corresponding to the declaring photon detected in the current time window is adjusted, so that the time window is obtained.
  • the declared photons within the output are output at the same output time.
  • the time window when the photon is declared, the time interval between the detected photon photon and the same output time is determined, and according to the time interval, the declared photon corresponding to the declaring photon is adjusted.
  • the transmission time is such that the announced photon is output at the same output time.
  • all of the photons in the time window are decimated, so that all of the announced photons in the time window are output at the same output time.
  • the same output moment is the first output after the end of the current time window in the preset output moment time.
  • the photon generates a photon periodically to the source, and the same output moment also appears periodically, and the same output moment is the first output moment after the end of the current time window in the preset output moment.
  • the same output moment may be determined according to actual conditions, and the same output moment is not the first output moment after the end of the current time window in the preset output moment.
  • the same output moment may also be The second output time after the end of the current time window in the output time set.
  • the length of the time window is 2 n T, where T is the period during which the photon pairs generate the declaring photon and the declared photon, and n is the number of optical switches used in the optical delay optical path -1, the optical The delayed optical path is used to adjust the transmission time of the announced photon corresponding to the announcement photon.
  • n+1 optical switches plus a delay line of the appropriate length, can achieve any delay of 2 n T.
  • n T For example, if we have optical delay optical paths of three lengths of L, 2L, and 4L, then we can achieve all delays of 0-7T, and three different delay optical paths require four optical switches.
  • the length of the adjacent preset output moment is 2 n T, where T is the period during which the photon pairs generate the declaring photon and the declared photon, and n is the number of optical switches used in the optical delay optical path - 1.
  • the photon pair source 1 and the photon pair source 2 have the same properties, that is, the photon pairs source 1 and the photon pair source 2 generate the same frequency, line width, pulse width, and polarization state of the declared photon. That is, photons are indistinguishable from the declared photons generated by source 1 and photons to source 2.
  • the period of the fixed clock is 4T, and the T2 of each fixed clock period is preset as the output time.
  • the length of the two adjacent output moments is 4T, and the time window is 4T. In FIG. 3, at the time T2, the announcement is detected.
  • the time at which the photon is detected is determined as the starting time of the current time window, and the transmission time of the announced photon corresponding to the declaring photon is adjusted to be 4T, so that the declared photon corresponding to the declaring photon is in the time window.
  • the first preset time output after the end that is, output at time T2; when the photon is detected at the time T1 in the time window, the transmission time of the announced photon corresponding to the announcement photon is adjusted to be T, so that the photon is announced.
  • the corresponding announced photon is output at the first preset time after the end of the time window, that is, at time T2.
  • the time at which the photon is detected is determined as the starting time of the current time window. For example, after the end of the previous time window, the photon is detected at time T3. Determining the time at which the photon is detected is determined as the starting time of the current time window, and adjusting the transmission time of the announced photon corresponding to the declaring photon to 7T, so that the announced photon corresponding to the declaring photon is after the end of the time window
  • the first preset time output is outputted at time T2; when the photon is detected at the time T2 in the time window, the transmission time of the announced photon corresponding to the announcement photon is adjusted to 4T, so that the photon corresponding to the announcement photon is
  • the photon is declared to be output at the first preset time after the end of the time window, that is, at the time T2.
  • the photon pair source 1 and the photon pair source 2 may generate photons at any time in one cycle.
  • the timing of generating photons in the present application is for example only and is not limited thereto.
  • photon pair source 1 and photon pair source 2 are by way of example only, and there may be multiple photon pair sources of similar nature.
  • the time at which the declaring photon is detected for the first time is determined as the starting time of the current time window, and Detecting the announcement photon in the current time window, and adjusting the detected photon corresponding to the announced photon
  • the transmission time is such that the announced photons in the time window are output at the same output time, which improves the efficiency of simultaneously outputting photons.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flow diagram of an apparatus 300 for outputting photons of the present application.
  • the apparatus 300 includes:
  • the processor 310 is configured to determine, when the photon is announced for the first time after the end of the previous time window, the start time of the current time window is the time when the photon is detected for the first time, and the photon and the photo are announced. Declaring the occurrence of photons in pairs, the declaring photons being used to declare the presence of the declared photons, the declaring photons and the paired photons appearing in pairs being generated by the same photon pair source;
  • a single photon detector 320 configured to detect an announcement photon after a current time window start time in the current time window
  • the optical delay optical path 330 is configured to adjust a transmission time of all the announced photons corresponding to all the announced photons detected in the current time window, so that all the announced photons in the time window are outputted at the same output time.
  • the single photon detector 320 is a plurality of single photon detectors, the number of the single photon detectors being equal to the number of photon pair sources, and the single photon detectors are in one-to-one correspondence with the photon pair sources.
  • the same output moment is the first output moment after the end of the current time window in the preset output moment.
  • the processor is specifically configured to: when the photon is detected for the first time after the end of the previous time window, determine that the start time of the current time window is before the time when the photonic photo is detected, When the detecting is turned on, the time of the first detected photon is detected as the starting time of the first time window;
  • the single photon detector is specifically used for:
  • optical delay optical path is specifically used to:
  • the length of the time window is 2 n T
  • the T is a period in which the photon pair source generates the announcement photon and the declared photon
  • n is the number of optical switches used in the optical delay optical path. -1.
  • the length of the adjacent preset output moment is 2 n T, where T is the period in which the photon pair source generates the declaring photon and the declared photon, and n is used in the optical delay optical path.
  • the number of optical switches is -1.
  • the same property means that the photon has the same properties of the declared photon, such as the frequency, line width, pulse width, and polarization state.
  • the system further includes an indication module, the indication module is configured to indicate that the system output is announced photons.
  • the apparatus 300 may further include a memory 340 for storing a program, the program including code.
  • the processor 310 may control the device for outputting photons in the optical delay optical path implementation method 200 to perform various operations, which are not described herein for brevity.
  • the processor 310 may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor 310 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors, and application specific integrated circuits. Ready-to-use programmable gate arrays or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware Component components, etc.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory 340 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to the processor 310. A portion of the memory 340 may also include a non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory 340 can also store information of the device type.
  • At least one step of the above method may be performed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 310, or the integrated logic circuit may perform the at least one step driven by an instruction in a software form.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in connection with the present application may be directly embodied by hardware processor execution or by a combination of hardware and software modules in a processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor 310 reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with the hardware thereof. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic flow diagram of a system 400 for outputting photons of the present application.
  • the system 400 includes:
  • the processor 410 is configured to determine, when the photon is announced for the first time after the end of the previous time window, the start time of the current time window is the time when the photon is first detected, and the photon is Declaring the occurrence of photons in pairs, the declaring photons being used to declare the presence of the declared photons, the declaring photons and the paired photons appearing in pairs being generated by the same photon pair source;
  • a single photon detector 420 configured to detect the announcement photon within the current time window
  • the optical delay optical path 430 is configured to adjust a transmission time of the announced photon corresponding to the announced photon detected in the current time window, so that the announced photon in the time window is outputted at the same output time.
  • Photon pair source 440 the photon pair source comprising N photon pair sources of the same nature for generating photons.
  • system 400 for outputting photons further includes an indication module for indicating that the system 400 outputs the declared photons.
  • the indication module sends an indication message to indicate that the system 400 outputs the declared photon.
  • the indication module can be a diode. When the diode is lit, it indicates that the system has multiple photon outputs when the diode is off. When it is indicated, the system outputs an empty pulse.
  • the size of the serial numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not be implemented in the present application.
  • the process constitutes any limitation.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif d'émission de photons, qui peuvent améliorer l'efficacité d'émission simultanée d'une pluralité de photons uniques ne pouvant être distingués dans une unité de temps. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant : après la fin d'une fenêtre temporelle précédente et lorsqu'un photon annonciateur est détecté pour la première fois, à déterminer que le moment de début d'une fenêtre temporelle courante est le moment où le photon annonciateur est détecté pour la première fois, le photon annonciateur et un photon annoncé apparaissant sous la forme d'une paire, le photon annonciateur servant à annoncer l'existence du photon annoncé, et le photon annonciateur et le photon annoncé qui apparaissent sous la forme d'une paire étant générés par la même source de paire de photons ; dans la fenêtre temporelle courante, à détecter un photon annonciateur après le moment de début ; et à ajuster le moment de transmission de tous les photons annoncés correspondant à tous les photons annonciateurs détectés dans la fenêtre temporelle courante, de telle sorte que tous les photons annoncés dans la fenêtre temporelle soient émis au même moment d'émission.
PCT/CN2017/079728 2017-04-07 2017-04-07 Procédé et dispositif d'émission de photons WO2018184209A1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2017/079728 WO2018184209A1 (fr) 2017-04-07 2017-04-07 Procédé et dispositif d'émission de photons
CN201780089253.2A CN110521144B (zh) 2017-04-07 2017-04-07 光子输出的方法、装置和系统

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CN104702342A (zh) * 2015-02-10 2015-06-10 华南师范大学 一种多自由度混合纠缠w态光子的产生系统及方法
GB2542189A (en) * 2015-09-11 2017-03-15 Univ Bristol Optical apparatus and method for outputting one or more photons
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