WO2018181778A1 - Method for producing activated carbon - Google Patents
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- WO2018181778A1 WO2018181778A1 PCT/JP2018/013371 JP2018013371W WO2018181778A1 WO 2018181778 A1 WO2018181778 A1 WO 2018181778A1 JP 2018013371 W JP2018013371 W JP 2018013371W WO 2018181778 A1 WO2018181778 A1 WO 2018181778A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/306—Active carbon with molecular sieve properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/33—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from distillation residues of coal or petroleum; from petroleum acid sludge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/14—Pore volume
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/16—Pore diameter
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing activated carbon, and more particularly to a method for producing activated carbon for efficiently producing activated carbon having a high proportion of micropores.
- gas activation methods and chemical activation methods are known as activation methods for producing activated carbon.
- gas activation method a steam activation method, a carbon dioxide activation method, and an oxygen activation method are known.
- a steam activation method having a high activation reaction rate and advantageous in terms of productivity is generally used as a gas activation method.
- the activation reaction is advanced by an endothermic reaction between water vapor and carbon.
- a method of obtaining activated carbon in an activation time of 120 minutes by activating phenol novolac fibers with water vapor at 950 ° C. is known (see Patent Document 1).
- at least one metal component of Mg, Mn, Fe, Y, Pt and Gd is included in the pitch as the activated carbon precursor, so that the obtained activated carbon has a mesopore mode of 30 to 45 mm.
- a method of opening mesopores having a diameter is known (see Patent Document 2).
- the carbon dioxide activation method is known to have a very low activation reaction rate.
- a method of obtaining activated carbon in an activation time of 24 hours is known by activating a coconut shell carbonized product with carbon dioxide at 1050 ° C. (see Patent Document 3). Therefore, the carbon dioxide activation method was not suitable for industrial production.
- the inventors industrially produce activated carbon with an increased proportion of micropores having a diameter of 1 nm or less, which is suitable for, for example, adsorption of dichloromethane in the gas phase among micropores having a diameter of 2 nm or less. Focused on that.
- the method of making activation temperature low normally is considered. However, if the activation temperature is lowered, the activation reaction takes time, the production cannot be performed efficiently, and it is not suitable for industrial production.
- Patent Document 1 describes activated carbon in which the ratio of micropores having a diameter of 2 nm or less in Examples 1 to 18 is 0.44 to 0.67, whereas the minimum is 1 nm or less in diameter. No investigation has been made on activated carbon having an increased proportion of size micropores and a method for efficiently producing the activated carbon.
- Patent Document 2 a method for controlling the distribution of mesopores (diameter 2 to 50 nm), which is much larger than the pore size noted by the present inventors, to a desired range, specifically, the type of a specific metal component Is described to control the mesopore mode diameter of the resulting activated carbon.
- a method for controlling the distribution of mesopores to a desired range, examples shown as being practically possible are only examples of the steam activation method.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 do not disclose or suggest any industrial production of activated carbon with an increased proportion of micro pores having a diameter of 1 nm or less.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for efficiently producing activated carbon having an increased proportion of micropores having a diameter of 1 nm or less among micropores having a diameter of 2 nm or less.
- the activated carbon precursor containing a metal component is activated with carbon dioxide gas as an introduction gas, and the ratio of the pore volume B with a diameter of 1.0 nm or less to the total pore volume A (pore volume B / total pore volume A) is 0.
- Including an activation step of obtaining activated carbon that is 5 or more, and the metal elements constituting the metal component are Group 2 elements, Group 3 elements, Group 4 elements, Group 5 elements, Group 7 elements, and rare earth elements
- a method for producing activated carbon selected from the group consisting of: Item 2.
- the activated carbon precursor containing a metal component is activated with carbon dioxide gas as an introduction gas, and the ratio of the pore volume B with a diameter of 1.0 nm or less to the total pore volume A (pore volume B / total pore volume A) is 0.
- the manufacturing method of activated carbon including the activation process which obtains the activated carbon which is 5 or more, and the metal element which comprises the said metal component is selected from the group which consists of a 6th group element and a 9th group element.
- Item 5. The method for producing activated carbon according to Item 4, wherein the metal element is selected from the group consisting of Mo and Co.
- Item 6. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the activated carbon has a specific surface area of 600 m 2 / g or more.
- Item 7. Item 7. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the composition of the introduced gas is not changed in the activation step.
- Item 8. Item 8.
- Item 9. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the activation temperature in the activation step is 800 to 1000 ° C.
- Item 10. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 9, wherein a content of the metal component is 0.05 to 1.0% by mass in the activated carbon precursor.
- the method for producing activated carbon according to claim 1. Item 13.
- Item 13 The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 12, wherein in the activated carbon, a pore volume B having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less is 0.25 cc / g or more.
- the method for producing activated carbon of the present invention there is provided a method for efficiently producing activated carbon with an increased proportion of micro pores having a diameter of 1 nm or less. Therefore, the time required for activation up to a predetermined activation level can be greatly shortened, and this makes it possible to industrialize activated carbon with high adsorption performance.
- 4 is a graph showing, in a linear approximation, an increasing tendency of specific surface area with respect to activation time in the production methods of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- 5 is a graph showing, by linear approximation, an increasing tendency of specific surface area with respect to activation time in the production methods of Examples 9 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- 6 is a graph showing, in a linear approximation, an increasing tendency of specific surface area with respect to activation time in the production methods of Examples 16 to 20 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. 6 is a graph showing, in a linear approximation, an increasing tendency of specific surface area with respect to activation time in the production methods of Examples 21 to 27 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. 6 is a graph showing, by linear approximation, an increasing tendency of specific surface area with respect to activation time in the production methods of Comparative Examples 1 to 10.
- the pore volume refers to the pore volume calculated by the QSDFT method (quenched solid density functional method).
- the QSDFT method is an analysis method capable of calculating pore size distributions from about 0.5 nm to about 40 nm for geometrically and chemically irregular microporous and mesoporous carbon pore size analysis. .
- the influence of the roughness and nonuniformity of the pore surface is clearly taken into account, so that the accuracy of the pore diameter distribution analysis is greatly improved.
- measurement of nitrogen adsorption isotherm and pore size distribution analysis by QSDFT method are performed using “AUTOSORB-1-MP” manufactured by Quantachrome.
- AUTOSORB-1-MP manufactured by Quantachrome.
- the activated carbon produced by the production method of the present invention has a ratio of pore volume B (cc / g) having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less to total pore volume A (cc / g), that is, (pore volume B / total pores).
- the volume A) ratio is 0.5 or more.
- pores having a diameter of 2.0 nm or less are referred to as micropores.
- the volume ratio of the extremely small pores having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less among the micropores is increased. Adsorption performance can be obtained satisfactorily.
- the ratio (pore volume B / total pore volume A) is preferably 0.53 or more, more preferably 0.60 or more, and even more preferably 0.7. As described above, it may be particularly preferably 0.8 or more.
- the adsorption performance can be evaluated by, for example, the adsorption performance of dichloromethane.
- the upper limit value of (pore volume B / total pore volume A) ratio is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 1.00 or less, and 0.95 or less.
- the total pore volume A (cc / g) may be, for example, 0.45 cc / g or more, preferably 0.50 cc / g or more, from the viewpoint of securing a sufficient pore volume for adsorption. Further, the total pore volume A (cc / g) is, for example, 1.50 cc / g or less, preferably 0 from the viewpoint of favorably obtaining micropores having a diameter of 2 nm or less, preferably micropores having a minimum size of 1 nm or less. It may be 8 cc / g or less.
- the specific surface area is, for example, 600 m 2 / g or more, preferably 1000 m 2 / g or more, more preferably 1300 m 2 / g or more, further preferably 1400 m 2 / g or more, particularly preferably 1600 m from the viewpoint of obtaining good adsorption performance. It may be 2 / g or more.
- the upper limit of a specific surface area is not specifically limited, For example, 3000 m ⁇ 2 > / g or less is mentioned, 2500 m ⁇ 2 > / g or less is mentioned, 2000 m ⁇ 2 > / g or less is mentioned.
- the specific surface area is a value measured by a BET method (one-point method) using nitrogen as an adsorbed substance.
- the pore volume B (cc / g) having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less is, for example, 0.25 cc / g or more, preferably 0.35 cc / g or more from the viewpoint of obtaining good adsorption performance per unit specific surface area. Good. Further, the upper limit value of the pore volume B having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less is not particularly limited, and for example, 0.60 cc / g or less, preferably 0.50 cc / g or less.
- the pore volume (cc / g) having a diameter of 1.5 nm or less is, for example, 0.45 cc / g or more from the viewpoint of obtaining good adsorption performance per unit specific surface area. Preferably it may be 0.5 cc / g or more.
- the upper limit value of the pore volume (cc / g) having a diameter of 1.5 nm or less is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 0.7 cc / g or less.
- the pore volume C (cc / g) having a diameter of 2.0 nm or less is, for example, 0.35 cc / g or more from the viewpoint of obtaining good adsorption performance per unit specific surface area. , Preferably 0.45 cc / g or more.
- the upper limit value of the pore volume C (cc / g) having a diameter of 2.0 nm or less is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 0.8 cc / g or less.
- the ratio of the pore volume C having a diameter of 2.0 nm or less to the total pore volume A ( ⁇ pore volume C / total pore volume A ⁇ ⁇ 100, that is, the micropore volume ratio (%)) per unit specific surface area
- it may be, for example, 80% or more, preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
- the micropore volume ratio (%) is preferably 80 to 95%, more preferably 90 to 95%. Further, the micropore volume (%) may be more than 95% or 96% or more.
- the ratio of the pore volume having a diameter of more than 2.0 nm and not more than 50 nm to the total pore volume A is not particularly limited.
- the pore structure has micropores with a diameter of 1.0 nm or less that contribute effectively to adsorption and moderate mesopores that assist the diffusion of the adsorbate in the pores.
- the mesopore volume ratio is preferably 5 to 20%, more preferably 5 to 10%. Further, the mesopore volume ratio may be less than 5% or 4% or less.
- the total ratio (%) of the micropore volume and the mesopore volume to the total pore volume A is 98% to 100% (in the case of 100%, the macropore volume ratio (%) is 0%) It can be.
- the ratio of the metal component contained in the activated carbon to the total mass of the activated carbon may be, for example, 0.15 to 0.60 mass%, preferably 0.15 to 0.45 mass%. More preferably, it may be 0.20 to 0.40% by mass.
- the above ratio in the activated carbon is a ratio in terms of a metal element measured by an ICP emission spectroscopic analyzer (model 715-ES manufactured by Varian).
- the form of the activated carbon manufactured by the manufacturing method of this invention is not specifically limited, For example, granular activated carbon, powdered activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon, etc. are mentioned. From the viewpoint of workability when used in filter processing or the like, or when used in a water purifier or the like, it is more preferable to use fibrous activated carbon that is fibrous.
- the adsorption rate can be evaluated by, for example, a trihalomethane water adsorption test.
- the average fiber diameter of the fibrous activated carbon is preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably about 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the average fiber diameter in this invention is the value measured with the image processing fiber diameter measuring apparatus (based on JISK1477).
- the particle sizes of the granular activated carbon and the powdered activated carbon include an integrated volume percentage D 50 measured by a laser diffraction / scattering method of 0.01 to 5 mm.
- the activated carbon produced by the production method of the present invention can be used either in the gas phase or in the liquid phase, but is particularly preferably used for adsorbing dichloromethane in the gas phase.
- Examples of the dichloromethane adsorption performance (equilibrium adsorption amount (% by mass)) that can be provided in the activated carbon produced by the production method of the present invention include 60% by mass or more, preferably 65% by mass or more, and more preferably 75% by mass. % Or more, and particularly preferably 80% by mass or more.
- the dichloromethane adsorption performance is measured as follows. That is, the activated carbon sample is dried with a dryer at 110 ° C. for 12 hours, cooled with a desiccator, and 0.5 g is quickly measured and filled into a U-shaped tube.
- the adsorption operation is performed by blowing dry air at a flow rate of 500 ml / min into dichloromethane (special grade reagent, containing 0.5% of methanol in the stabilizer) in a constant temperature bath at 28 ° C. and introducing it into the U-shaped tube. .
- dichloromethane special grade reagent, containing 0.5% of methanol in the stabilizer
- the equilibrium point is calculated when the mass increase of the activated carbon stops, and the equilibrium adsorption amount is calculated by the following equation.
- Equilibrium adsorption amount (% by mass) mass increase / active carbon mass x 100
- the dichloromethane adsorption performance per unit specific surface area that can be provided by the activated carbon produced by the production method of the present invention includes 0.045% by mass / g / m 2 or more, and 0.046% by mass / g / m. 2 or more are preferred, and specifically, 0.046 to 0.055 mass% ⁇ g / m 2 is mentioned.
- the dichloromethane equilibrium adsorption amount per unit specific surface area of the activated carbon is calculated by dividing the dichloromethane adsorption performance determined as described above by the specific surface area (m 2 / g) of the activated carbon.
- Activated carbon precursor In the production method of the present invention, a specific metal component is contained in the activated carbon precursor that is a raw material of the activated carbon.
- raw material species of the activated carbon precursor include infusible or carbonized organic materials, curable resins such as phenol resins, and the like, for example, polyacrylonitrile, pitch, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, etc. Is mentioned.
- Also sawdust, wood chips, wood, peat, charcoal, coconut husk, coal, oil, carbonaceous materials (petroleum coke, coal coke, petroleum pitch, coal pitch, coal tar pitch, and composites thereof), synthesis Examples thereof include resins (phenol resins, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimides, furan resins, etc.), cellulosic fibers (paper, cotton fibers, etc.), and composites thereof (paper-phenol resin laminates, etc.), fullerenes, and the like.
- resins phenol resins, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimides, furan resins, etc.), cellulosic fibers (paper, cotton fibers, etc.), and composites thereof (paper-phenol resin laminates, etc.), fullerenes, and the like.
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- PAN polyimides
- cellulosic fibers paper, cotton fibers, etc.
- composites thereof paper-phenol resin laminates, etc.
- the softening point (° C.) of the activated carbon precursor is not particularly limited, but is preferably 275 ° C. to 288 ° C., more preferably 277 ° C. to 283 ° C., from the viewpoint of handleability during infusibilization.
- the softening point (° C.) is measured by the Mettler method (measured according to ASTM-D3461).
- the metal component promotes the reaction between carbon and carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide activation by catalytic action.
- the metal element constituting the metal component is a group consisting of a Group 2 element, a Group 3 element, a Group 4 element, a Group 5 element, a Group 6 element, a Group 7 element and a Group 9 element, and a rare earth element 1 type or multiple types are selected from.
- the metal element constituting the metal component is selected from one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of Group 2 elements, Group 3 elements, Group 4 elements, Group 5 elements, Group 7 elements, and rare earth elements Good.
- Examples of the Group 2 element include Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra.
- Examples of the Group 3 element include Sc and Y.
- Examples of Group 4 elements include Ti, Zr, and Hf.
- Examples of Group 5 elements include V, Nb, and Ta.
- Examples of the Group 7 element include Mn, Tc, and Re.
- rare earth elements include La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.
- Mg is preferable as the Group 2 element
- Y is preferable as the Group 3 element
- Zr and Ti are preferable as the Group 4 element, from the viewpoint of obtaining a large carbon dioxide activation promoting effect.
- V is preferable as the group element
- Mn is preferable as the Group 7 element
- La and Ce are preferable as the rare earth element.
- micropores having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less that contribute effectively to adsorption and fine mesopores that assist the diffusion of the adsorbate in the pores.
- a pore structure is preferable, and Y, Mg, Ce, and Ti are preferable as the metal element from this viewpoint.
- V is preferable as the metal element.
- Mg, Y among the Group 2 element, Group 3 element, Group 4 element, Group 5 element, Group 7 element, and rare earth element are included. Elements other than Zr, V, Mn, La and Ce can also be selected.
- Mg, Y, La, Zr, Ce and Ti can be used from the viewpoint of accompanying the generation of mesopores (pores having a diameter of more than 2.0 nm).
- Mg and V can be used from the viewpoint of suppressing the formation of mesopores.
- V can be used from a viewpoint which suppresses the production
- a metal element can be appropriately selected according to the pore structure suitable for the use of the activated carbon to be produced.
- the metal element constituting the metal component one or more kinds may be selected from the group consisting of Group 6 elements and Group 9 elements.
- Group 6 elements include Cr, Mo, and W.
- Group 9 elements include Co, Rh, and Ir.
- Mo is preferable as the Group 6 element
- Co is preferable as the Group 9 element from the viewpoint of obtaining a large carbon dioxide activation promoting effect.
- a pore structure is preferable, and Co is preferable as the metal element from that viewpoint.
- elements other than the above-described Mo and Co can be selected from Group 6 elements and Group 9 elements.
- Mo and Co can be used from the viewpoint of accompanying the generation of mesopores (pores having a diameter of more than 2.0 nm).
- Mo can be used from the viewpoint of suppressing the formation of mesopores.
- steam is contained in introduction gas
- Mo is used from a viewpoint which suppresses the production
- a metal element can be appropriately selected according to the pore structure suitable for the use of the activated carbon to be produced.
- the method for causing the activated carbon precursor to contain a metal component is not particularly limited.
- a metal component may be added to the activated carbon precursor or kneaded.
- the form of the metal component may be a single metal or a metal compound.
- the metal compound include inorganic metal compounds such as metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal halides, and metal sulfates, salts of organic acids and metals such as acetic acid and benzoic acid, and organic metal compounds.
- the organometallic compound include metal complexes such as metal acetylacetonate and aromatic metal compounds (for example, metallocene). Metal complexes are preferred in that they are well melted or dispersed in the activated carbon precursor.
- the content of the metal component in the activated carbon precursor may be, for example, 0.01 to 1.0% by mass, preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by mass. Further, the content of the metal component in the activated carbon precursor is more preferably 0.05 to 0.4% by mass, further preferably 0.1 to 0%, for example, when the metal element constituting the metal component is Mg.
- the metal element When the metal element is Mn, it may be more preferably 0.1 to 0.4% by mass, and still more preferably 0.15 to 0.3% by mass; When Y is Y, it may be more preferably 0.05 to 0.4% by mass, and still more preferably 0.05 to 0.3% by mass; when the metal element is La, more preferably 0 0.1 to 0.4% by mass, more preferably 0.15 to 0.3% by mass; when the metal element is V, more preferably 0.05 to 0.4% by mass, still more preferably May be from 0.05 to 0.3% by weight; the metal element is Zr In this case, it may be more preferably 0.05 to 0.4% by mass, further preferably 0.1 to 0.3% by mass; when the metal element is Ce, more preferably 0.05 to 0%.
- the metal element constituting the metal component is Mo, it may be more preferably 0.1 to 0.4% by mass, further preferably 0.15 to 0.3% by mass; the metal element is Co In this case, it may be more preferably 0.1 to 0.4% by mass, and still more preferably 0.15 to 0.3% by mass.
- the content of the metal component in the activated carbon precursor is a ratio in terms of a metal element measured by an ICP emission spectroscopic analyzer (model 715-ES manufactured by Varian).
- Carbon dioxide gas is used as the introduction gas (gas introduced into the activation furnace), and nitrogen, carbon monoxide, a rare gas, or the like can be contained within a range that does not impair the effects of the present application.
- the activation step in one step without changing the composition of the introduced gas during the activation step.
- composition of the introduced gas is a value measured according to JIS K 0301 5.1 Orsat analysis method.
- the flow rate of the introduced gas may be 1.5 L / min or more per 1 g of the activated carbon precursor in terms of 1 atm at 0 ° C., and the activation is efficiently performed while avoiding excessive introduction. From the viewpoint, it may be 5.0 L / min or less. This flow rate may be, for example, an amount per about 0.044 m 3 as the activation furnace volume.
- the atmospheric temperature (activation temperature) in the activation furnace in the activation step may be, for example, 800 to 1000 ° C., preferably 900 to 1000 ° C.
- the activation time may be adjusted so as to have a predetermined pore distribution according to the main component of the activated carbon precursor, the added metal species, the content of the metal component, the carbon dioxide concentration in the introduced gas, and the like.
- the activation time may be 10 to 80 minutes, preferably 10 to 70 minutes.
- the activation time may be more preferably 15 to 50 minutes, and even more preferably 25 to 45 minutes; when the metal element is Mn, More preferably 15 to 60 minutes, even more preferably 20 to 50 minutes; when the metal element is Y, more preferably 15 to 70 minutes, even more preferably 20 to 65 minutes; When the element is La, it may be more preferably 15 to 40 minutes, even more preferably 20 to 35 minutes; when the metal element is V, more preferably 10 to 60 minutes, still more preferably 15 to 35 minutes.
- the activation time may be more preferably 15 to 60 minutes, still more preferably 20 to 50 minutes; when the metal element is Co, More preferably, it may be 15 to 60 minutes, and further preferably 20 to 50 minutes.
- activated carbon precursor containing a metal component is activated with carbon dioxide gas as an introduction gas, and the ratio of pore volume B having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less to total pore volume A (pore volume B / Including an activation step of obtaining activated carbon having a total pore volume A) of 0.5 or more, and the metal elements constituting the metal component are Group 2 elements, Group 3 elements, Group 4 elements, Group 5 elements Therefore, there is provided a method for efficiently producing activated carbon having an increased proportion of micropores having a minimum size of 1.0 nm or less in diameter, which is selected from the group consisting of Group 7 elements and rare earth elements.
- the preferred specific surface area development rate is, for example, preferably 25 m 2 / g / min or more, more preferably 30 m 2 / g / min or more, until the specific surface area reaches 800 m 2 / g. 40 m 2 / g / min or more is preferable, and 50 m 2 / g / min or more is particularly preferable. Further, preferably at least 25m 2 / g / min developmental rate to reach a specific surface area of 1100 m 2 / g, more preferably at least 30m 2 / g / min, more 40m 2 / g / min is preferable, 50 m 2 / Particularly preferred is g / min or more.
- the rate of development to reach the specific surface area of 871m 2 / g, rate of development until reaching the specific surface area of 1237m 2 / g, and / or a specific surface area The development rate until reaching 1603 m 2 / g is 25 m 2 / g / min or more, the development rate until reaching the specific surface area 917 m 2 / g, the development rate until reaching the specific surface area 1168 m 2 / g , and / or specific rate of development until reaching the surface area of 1338m 2 / g are mentioned it is 30 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the development rate until reaching the specific surface area of 981 m 2 / g and / or the development rate until reaching the specific surface area of 1461 m 2 / g is 30 m 2 / g. g / min or more.
- the rate of development to reach the development rate and / or a specific surface area of 1214m 2 / g to reach the specific surface area of 953m 2 / g is 28 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the preferred specific surface area growth rate when the metal element is La includes a development rate until reaching a specific surface area of 675 m 2 / g, a development rate until reaching a specific surface area of 758 m 2 / g, and / or a specific surface area.
- the development rate until reaching 916 m 2 / g is 28 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the specific surface area 863M 2 / development to reach the g rate and / or a specific surface area of 1426m 2 / g rate of development until reaching the are 50 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the specific surface area of 790m 2 / development to reach the g rate and / or a specific surface area of 1052m 2 / g rate of development until reaching the are 25 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the rate of development to reach the specific surface area of 821m 2 / g, rate of development until reaching the specific surface area of 1078m 2 / g, and / or a specific surface area rate of development to reach 1249m 2 / g can be cited more 25m 2 / g / min.
- the rate of development to reach the development rate and / or a specific surface area of 1170 m 2 / g to reach the specific surface area of 781m 2 / g is 28 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the rate of development to reach the specific surface area of 871m 2 / g, rate of development until reaching the specific surface area of 1237m 2 / g, and specific surface area 1603M 2 The value of the slope (that is, the development rate of specific surface area per minute) when linearly approximating each of the development rates until reaching / g by the least square method is 25 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the value of the slope when linear approximation is performed is 25 m 2 / g / min or more.
- development rate of the preferred specific surface area of the case where the metal element is Mg the minimum respective development velocity to reach the development rate and a specific surface area of 1461m 2 / g to reach the specific surface area of 981m 2 / g 2 squares
- the value of the slope when linear approximation is performed is 30 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the preferred specific surface area growth rate when the metal element is Mn is the least square method for each of the growth rate until reaching the specific surface area of 953 m 2 / g and the growth rate until reaching the specific surface area of 1214 m 2 / g.
- the value of the slope when linear approximation is performed is 15 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the preferable development rate of the specific surface area when the metal element is La includes the development rate until reaching the specific surface area of 675 m 2 / g, the development rate until reaching the specific surface area of 758 m 2 / g, and the specific surface area of 916 m 2.
- the value of the slope when linearly approximating each of the development rates until reaching / g by the least square method is 20 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the minimum respective development velocity to reach the development rate and a specific surface area of 1426m 2 / g to reach the specific surface area of 863m 2 / g 2 squares The value of the slope when linear approximation is performed is 50 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the preferred specific surface area growth rate when the metal element is Zr is the least square method for each of the growth rate until reaching the specific surface area of 790 m 2 / g and the growth rate until reaching the specific surface area of 1052 m 2 / g.
- the value of the slope when linear approximation is performed is 15 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the rate of development to reach the specific surface area of 821m 2 / g, rate of development until reaching the specific surface area of 1078m 2 / g, and specific surface area 1249M 2 The value of the slope when linearly approximating each of the development rates until reaching / g by the least square method is 18 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the preferred specific surface area growth rate when the metal element is Ti is the least square method for the growth rate until reaching the specific surface area of 781 m 2 / g and the growth rate until reaching the specific surface area of 1170 m 2 / g.
- the value of the slope when linear approximation is performed is 20 m 2 / g / min or more.
- activated carbon precursor containing a metal component is activated with carbon dioxide gas as an introduction gas, and the ratio of pore volume B having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less to total pore volume A (pore volume B / Including an activation step of obtaining activated carbon having a total pore volume A) of 0.5 or more, and the metal element constituting the metal component is selected from the group consisting of Group 6 elements and Group 9 elements; Provided is a method for efficiently producing activated carbon having an increased proportion of micropores having an extremely small size of 1.0 nm or less.
- the preferred specific surface area development rate is, for example, preferably 25 m 2 / g / min or more, more preferably 30 m 2 / g / min or more, until the specific surface area reaches 800 m 2 / g. 40 m 2 / g / min or more is preferable, and 50 m 2 / g / min or more is particularly preferable. Further, preferably at least 25m 2 / g / min developmental rate to reach a specific surface area of 1100 m 2 / g, more preferably at least 30m 2 / g / min, more 40m 2 / g / min is preferable, 50 m 2 / Particularly preferred is g / min or more.
- the preferred specific surface area growth rate when the metal element is Mo includes a development rate until reaching a specific surface area of 784 m 2 / g, a development rate until reaching a specific surface area of 1171 m 2 / g, and / or a specific surface area.
- the development rate until reaching 1684 m 2 / g is 25 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the specific surface area 844M 2 / development to reach the g rate and / or a specific surface area of 1447m 2 / g rate of development until reaching the are 30 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the preferable development rate of the specific surface area is a development rate until reaching the specific surface area of 784 m 2 / g, a development rate until reaching the specific surface area of 1171 m 2 / g, and a specific surface area of 1684 m 2.
- the slope value that is, the development rate of the specific surface area per minute
- the slope value is 20 m 2 / g / min or more when linearly approximating each of the development speeds until reaching / g by the least square method. It is done.
- the value of the slope when linear approximation is performed is 35 m 2 / g / min or more.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention may include other steps in addition to the activation step described above.
- Examples of other processes include processes known in the method for producing activated carbon, such as a molding process (including a spinning process in the case of fibrous activated carbon) that molds an organic material into a predetermined shape before the activation process. It includes the infusibilization step.
- cleaning the metal component adhering to the surface of the obtained activated carbon can be included after an activation process.
- Example and Comparative Example were evaluated by the following methods.
- Metal content (mass%) of infusible pitch fiber (activated carbon precursor) The pitch fiber was incinerated, the ash was dissolved in acid, and the ratio in terms of metal element measured by an ICP emission spectrophotometer (Varian model 715-ES) was defined as the metal content.
- composition of introduced gas was measured according to JIS K 0301 5.1 Orsat analysis method.
- the pore volume at each pore diameter described in the following tables is a reading of a pore diameter distribution chart obtained from a nitrogen adsorption / desorption isotherm. More specifically, the pore volume B having a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less is a readout value of Cumulative Pore Volume (cc / g) when the horizontal axis Pore Width of the pore diameter distribution chart is 1.0 nm. Similarly, a pore volume having a pore diameter of 1.5 nm or less and a pore (that is, micropore) volume C having a pore diameter of 2.0 nm or less were obtained.
- the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was calculated by dividing the pore volume B with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less by the total pore volume A obtained by QSDFT analysis.
- the micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) was expressed as a percentage by dividing the pore volume C having a pore diameter of 2.0 nm or less by the total pore volume A given by the QSDFT analysis.
- the mesopore volume ratio (%) was calculated by subtracting the micropore volume ratio (%) from 100%.
- a pore growth rate of 1.0 nm or less and a pore development rate of 1.0 nm or less were calculated by dividing a pore volume B of 1.0 nm or less by an activation time.
- the development rate of the specific surface area was calculated by dividing the BET specific surface area by the activation time.
- Fiber diameter of fibrous activated carbon ( ⁇ m) It measured with the image processing fiber diameter measuring apparatus (based on JISK1477).
- Example 1 As an organic material, a mixture obtained by adding 0.5 parts by mass of trisacetylacetonatoyttrium (CAS number: 15554-47-9) as a metal component to 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. and mixing them, Pitch fibers were obtained by feeding to a melt extruder, melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the yttrium content was 0.10% by mass.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 871 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.336 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.305 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.907.
- Example 2 Activated carbon of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the activation time was 44 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1237 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.491 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 99%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.383 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.779.
- Example 3 Activated carbon of Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that the activation time was 58 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1603 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.654 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 97%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.434 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.663.
- Example 4 Example 1 except that the addition amount of the metal component (trisacetylacetonatoyttrium) was 1.0 part by mass (the metal content in the activated carbon precursor was 0.16% by mass) and the activation time was 25 minutes.
- the activated carbon of Example 4 was obtained.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 917 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.381 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 95%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.278 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.730.
- Example 5 Activated carbon of Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as Example 4 except that the activation time was 32 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1168 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.502 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 92%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.302 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.602.
- Example 6 Activated carbon of Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the activation time was 40 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1338 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.592 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 90%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.352 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.595.
- Example 7 As an organic material, a mixture of 2.3 parts by mass of acetylacetone magnesium (II) (CAS number: 14024-56-7) with 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder. Then, melt mixing was performed at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spinning was performed at a discharge rate of 16 g / min to obtain pitch fibers. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the magnesium content was 0.18% by mass.
- II acetylacetone magnesium
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 981 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.395 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 95%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.331 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.838.
- Example 8 Activated carbon of Example 8 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the activation time was 40 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1461 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.635 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 87%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.417 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.656.
- Example 9 As an organic material, a mixture of 1.7 parts by mass of manganese benzoate (CAS number: 636-13-5) to 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder, Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C. and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the manganese content was 0.20% by mass.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 953 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.367 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.345 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.941.
- Example 10 Activated carbon of Example 10 was obtained in the same manner as Example 9 except that the activation time was 40 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1214 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.484 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 98%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.348 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.720.
- Example 11 As an organic material, a mixture of 1.3 parts by mass of acetylacetonatlantan (CAS number: 64424-12-0) to 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder. Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C. and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the content of lanthanum was 0.21% by mass.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 675 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.267 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 99%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.234 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.875.
- Example 12 Activated carbon of Example 12 was obtained in the same manner as Example 11 except that the activation time was 25 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 758 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.304 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 97%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.256 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.841.
- Example 13 Activated carbon of Example 13 was obtained in the same manner as Example 11 except that the activation time was 30 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 916 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.368 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 96%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.283 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.770.
- Example 14 As an organic material, 1.3 parts by mass of bis (2,4-pentanedionato) vanadium (IV) oxide (CAS number: 3153-26-2) per 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. The mixture was supplied to a melt extruder, melted and mixed at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spun at a discharge rate of 16 g / min to obtain pitch fibers. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the vanadium content was 0.18% by mass.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 863 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.332 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.305 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.918.
- Example 15 Activated carbon of Example 15 was obtained in the same manner as Example 14 except that the activation time was 25 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1426 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.569 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 97%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.437 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.767.
- Example 16 As an organic material, a mixture of 0.8 parts by mass of acetylacetonatozirconium (CAS number: 17501-44-9) to 100 parts by mass of granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder. Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C. and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the zirconium content was 0.19% by mass.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 790 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.317 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 97%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.259 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.817.
- Example 17 Activated carbon of Example 17 was obtained in the same manner as Example 16 except that the activation time was 40 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1052 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.445 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 91%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.315 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.707.
- Example 18 As an organic material, a mixture of 0.8 parts by mass of acetylacetonatocerium (CAS number: 15653-01-7) to 100 parts by mass of a granular pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder, Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C. and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the cerium content was 0.14% by mass.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 821 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.341 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 92%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.276 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.808.
- Example 19 Activated carbon of Example 19 was obtained in the same manner as Example 18 except that the activation time was 35 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1078 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.464 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 89%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.337 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.726.
- Example 20 Activated carbon of Example 20 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 18 except that the activation time was 45 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1249 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.550 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 88%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.352 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.641.
- Example 21 As an organic material, 0.8 part by mass of (2,4-pentanedionato) molybdenum (VI) dioxide (CAS number: 17524-05-9) was mixed with 100 parts by mass of a granular pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. The product was supplied to a melt extruder, melted and mixed at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spun at a discharge rate of 16 g / min to obtain pitch fibers. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the molybdenum content was 0.23% by mass.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 784 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.313 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 98%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.269 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.861.
- Example 22 Activated carbon of Example 22 was obtained in the same manner as Example 21 except that the activation time was 40 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1171 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.479 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 95%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.365 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.761.
- Example 23 Activated carbon of Example 23 was obtained in the same manner as Example 21 except that the activation time was 60 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon had a specific surface area of 1684 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.714 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 92%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.427 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.598.
- Example 24 As an organic material, a mixture of 1.5 parts by mass of acetylacetonatocobalt (CAS number: 21679-46-9) to 100 parts by mass of a granular pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder, Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C. and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the cobalt content was 0.21% by mass.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 844 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.357 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 89%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.315 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.882.
- Example 25 Activated carbon of Example 25 was obtained in the same manner as Example 24 except that the activation time was 40 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1447 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.616 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 89%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.431 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.700.
- Example 26 As an organic material, 1.4 parts by mass of bis (2,4-pentanedionato) titanium (IV) oxide (CAS number: 14024-64-7) is mixed with 100 parts by mass of a granular pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. The product was supplied to a melt extruder, melted and mixed at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spun at a discharge rate of 16 g / min to obtain pitch fibers. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the titanium content was 0.25% by mass.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 781 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.335 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 89%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.240 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.717.
- Example 27 Activated carbon of Example 27 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 26 except that the activation time was 40 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1170 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.557 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 80%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.320 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.575.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 814 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.315 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.311 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.988.
- Comparative Example 2 Activated carbon of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the activation time was 90 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1304 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.497 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.428 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.862.
- Comparative Example 3 Activated carbon of Comparative Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the activation time was 125 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1741 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.692 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.462 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.667.
- a mixture obtained by adding 1.3 parts by mass of zinc caprylate (CAS number: 557-09-5) as a metal component to 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is melt-extruded.
- Pitch fiber was obtained by feeding to a machine, melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min.
- the obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber.
- the zinc content was 0.19% by mass.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1021 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.387 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.383 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.991.
- Comparative Example 5 Activated carbon of Comparative Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 4 except that the activation time was 100 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1484 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.577 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.467 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.809.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1125 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.427 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.416 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.974.
- Comparative Example 7 Activated carbon of Comparative Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 6 except that the activation time was 130 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1690 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.681 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.415 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.610.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 389 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.156 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.156 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.999.
- Comparative Example 9 Activated carbon of Comparative Example 9 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 8 except that the activation time was 100 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1280 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.495 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.397 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.802.
- Comparative Example 10 Activated carbon of Comparative Example 10 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 8 except that the activation time was 130 minutes.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1730 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.700 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.420 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.600.
- the obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1078 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.572 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ( ⁇ C / A ⁇ ⁇ 100) of 72%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less.
- the pore volume B was 0.241 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.421.
- Tables 1 to 5 show production conditions and physical property values of the activated carbon obtained by the production methods of Examples 1 to 27 and Comparative Examples 1 to 11. Further, graphs showing the increase tendency of the specific surface area with respect to the activation time in the production methods of Examples 1 to 27 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 are shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 10 the development rate of the specific surface area is small, and activated carbon cannot be produced efficiently. Further, as shown in Comparative Examples 4 to 10, even when the metal component is included in the activated carbon precursor and activated by carbon dioxide gas, if the metal component does not contain the specific metal element in the present invention, The development rate of specific surface area cannot be increased. Further, as shown in Table 5, Comparative Example 11 contained a specific metal component in the activated carbon precursor, but was activated by the water vapor activation method, so that the diameter with respect to the total pore volume A was 1.0 nm. The following ratio of pore volume B (pore volume B / total pore volume A) was less than 0.5.
Abstract
Description
さらに、水蒸気賦活においては、Mg、Mn、Fe、Y、Pt及びGdの少なくとも1種の金属成分を活性炭前駆体としてのピッチに含ませることで、得られる活性炭において30~45Åのメソ細孔モード直径を有するメソ細孔を開口する方法が知られている(特許文献2参照)。 From an industrial point of view, a steam activation method having a high activation reaction rate and advantageous in terms of productivity is generally used as a gas activation method. In the steam activation method, the activation reaction is advanced by an endothermic reaction between water vapor and carbon. For example, a method of obtaining activated carbon in an activation time of 120 minutes by activating phenol novolac fibers with water vapor at 950 ° C. is known (see Patent Document 1).
Furthermore, in the steam activation, at least one metal component of Mg, Mn, Fe, Y, Pt and Gd is included in the pitch as the activated carbon precursor, so that the obtained activated carbon has a mesopore mode of 30 to 45 mm. A method of opening mesopores having a diameter is known (see Patent Document 2).
本発明は、これらの知見に基づいて、さらに検討を重ねることにより完成された発明である。 As a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present invention dared to use activated carbon precursors that have been used to control mesopores, which are pores having a size much larger than the size of the pores the inventors have focused on. Attention was paid to the technical elements containing metal components and the carbon dioxide activation method known to have a very low activation reaction rate. As a result of further intensive studies, it was surprising that activated carbon with an increased proportion of micro pores having a diameter of 1 nm or less was selected by adding a specific metal to the activated carbon precursor in the carbon dioxide activation method. It was found that it can be obtained with a short activation time.
The present invention has been completed by further studies based on these findings.
項1.金属成分を含む活性炭前駆体を導入ガスとして炭酸ガスで賦活し、全細孔容積Aに対する直径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bの比(細孔容積B/全細孔容積A)が0.5以上である活性炭を得る賦活工程を含み、前記金属成分を構成する金属元素が、第2族元素、第3族元素、第4族元素、第5族元素、第7族元素、及び希土類元素からなる群から選択される、活性炭の製造方法。
項2.前記金属元素が、Y、Mg、Mn、La、V、Zr、Ti及びCeからなる群から選択される、項1に記載の活性炭の製造方法。
項3.前記金属元素が、Y、Mg、Ce、Ti及びVからなる群から選択される、項1又は2に記載の活性炭の製造方法。
項4.金属成分を含む活性炭前駆体を導入ガスとして炭酸ガスで賦活し、全細孔容積Aに対する直径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bの比(細孔容積B/全細孔容積A)が0.5以上である活性炭を得る賦活工程を含み、前記金属成分を構成する金属元素が、第6族元素及び第9族元素からなる群から選択される、活性炭の製造方法。
項5.前記金属元素が、Mo及びCoからなる群から選択される、項4に記載の活性炭の製造方法。
項6.前記活性炭の比表面積が600m2/g以上である、項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。
項7.前記賦活工程において、前記導入ガスの組成を変更しない、項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。
項8.前記導入ガスの流量が、前記活性炭前駆体1g当たり、0℃1気圧換算で1.5L/分以上である、項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。
項9.前記賦活工程における賦活温度が800~1000℃である、項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。
項10.前記活性炭前駆体中、前記金属成分の含有量が0.05~1.0質量%である、項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。
項11.前記活性炭前駆体が、不融化したピッチである、項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。
項12.前記活性炭において、全細孔容積Aに対する直径2.0nm以下の細孔容積Cの割合({細孔容積C/細孔容積A}×100)が85%以上である、項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。
項13.前記活性炭において、直径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bが0.25cc/g以上である、項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 That is, this invention provides the invention of the aspect hung up below.
Item 1. The activated carbon precursor containing a metal component is activated with carbon dioxide gas as an introduction gas, and the ratio of the pore volume B with a diameter of 1.0 nm or less to the total pore volume A (pore volume B / total pore volume A) is 0. Including an activation step of obtaining activated carbon that is 5 or more, and the metal elements constituting the metal component are Group 2 elements, Group 3 elements, Group 4 elements, Group 5 elements, Group 7 elements, and rare earth elements A method for producing activated carbon, selected from the group consisting of:
Item 2. Item 2. The method for producing activated carbon according to Item 1, wherein the metal element is selected from the group consisting of Y, Mg, Mn, La, V, Zr, Ti, and Ce.
Item 3. Item 3. The method for producing activated carbon according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the metal element is selected from the group consisting of Y, Mg, Ce, Ti and V.
Item 4. The activated carbon precursor containing a metal component is activated with carbon dioxide gas as an introduction gas, and the ratio of the pore volume B with a diameter of 1.0 nm or less to the total pore volume A (pore volume B / total pore volume A) is 0. The manufacturing method of activated carbon including the activation process which obtains the activated carbon which is 5 or more, and the metal element which comprises the said metal component is selected from the group which consists of a 6th group element and a 9th group element.
Item 5. Item 5. The method for producing activated carbon according to Item 4, wherein the metal element is selected from the group consisting of Mo and Co.
Item 6. Item 6. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 5, wherein the activated carbon has a specific surface area of 600 m 2 / g or more.
Item 7. Item 7. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the composition of the introduced gas is not changed in the activation step.
Item 8. Item 8. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the flow rate of the introduced gas is 1.5 L / min or more in terms of 1 atm at 0 ° C per 1 g of the activated carbon precursor.
Item 9. Item 9. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the activation temperature in the activation step is 800 to 1000 ° C.
Item 10. Item 10. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 9, wherein a content of the metal component is 0.05 to 1.0% by mass in the activated carbon precursor.
Item 11. Item 11. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 10, wherein the activated carbon precursor is an infusible pitch.
Item 12. Any of the items 1 to 11, wherein in the activated carbon, a ratio of a pore volume C having a diameter of 2.0 nm or less to a total pore volume A ({pore volume C / pore volume A} × 100) is 85% or more. The method for producing activated carbon according to claim 1.
Item 13. Item 13. The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of Items 1 to 12, wherein in the activated carbon, a pore volume B having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less is 0.25 cc / g or more.
[1-1.活性炭の表面構造]
以下において、細孔容積とは、QSDFT法(急冷固体密度汎関数法)によって算出される細孔容積をいう。QSDFT法とは、幾何学的・化学的に不規則なミクロポーラス・メソポーラスな炭素の細孔径解析を対象とした、約0.5nm~約40nmまでの細孔径分布の計算ができる解析手法である。QSDFT法では、細孔表面の粗さと不均一性による影響が明瞭に考慮されているため、細孔径分布解析の正確さが大幅に向上した手法である。本発明においては、Quantachrome社製「AUTOSORB-1-MP」を用いて窒素吸着等温線の測定、及びQSDFT法による細孔径分布解析をおこなう。77Kの温度において測定した窒素の脱着等温線に対し、Calculation modelとしてN2 at 77K on carbon[slit pore,QSDFT equilibrium model]を適用して細孔径分布を計算することで、特定の細孔径範囲の細孔容積を算出することができる。 [1. Production target (activated carbon)]
[1-1. Activated carbon surface structure]
Hereinafter, the pore volume refers to the pore volume calculated by the QSDFT method (quenched solid density functional method). The QSDFT method is an analysis method capable of calculating pore size distributions from about 0.5 nm to about 40 nm for geometrically and chemically irregular microporous and mesoporous carbon pore size analysis. . In the QSDFT method, the influence of the roughness and nonuniformity of the pore surface is clearly taken into account, so that the accuracy of the pore diameter distribution analysis is greatly improved. In the present invention, measurement of nitrogen adsorption isotherm and pore size distribution analysis by QSDFT method are performed using “AUTOSORB-1-MP” manufactured by Quantachrome. By applying N2 at 77K on carbon [slit pore, QSDFT equilibrium model] as a calibration model to the nitrogen desorption isotherm measured at a temperature of 77 K, the pore size distribution is calculated to obtain a fine pore size range. The pore volume can be calculated.
また、全細孔容積A(cc/g)は、直径2nm以下のミクロ孔、好ましくは直径1nm以下の極小サイズのミクロ孔を良好に得る観点から、例えば1.50cc/g以下、好ましくは0.8cc/g以下であってよい。 The total pore volume A (cc / g) may be, for example, 0.45 cc / g or more, preferably 0.50 cc / g or more, from the viewpoint of securing a sufficient pore volume for adsorption.
Further, the total pore volume A (cc / g) is, for example, 1.50 cc / g or less, preferably 0 from the viewpoint of favorably obtaining micropores having a diameter of 2 nm or less, preferably micropores having a minimum size of 1 nm or less. It may be 8 cc / g or less.
また、比表面積の上限値は特に制限されないが、例えば、3000m2/g以下が挙げられ、2500m2/g以下が挙げられ、2000m2/g以下が挙げられる。
なお、本発明において比表面積とは、窒素を被吸着物質として用いたBET法(1点法)により測定される値である。 The specific surface area is, for example, 600 m 2 / g or more, preferably 1000 m 2 / g or more, more preferably 1300 m 2 / g or more, further preferably 1400 m 2 / g or more, particularly preferably 1600 m from the viewpoint of obtaining good adsorption performance. It may be 2 / g or more.
Moreover, although the upper limit of a specific surface area is not specifically limited, For example, 3000 m < 2 > / g or less is mentioned, 2500 m < 2 > / g or less is mentioned, 2000 m < 2 > / g or less is mentioned.
In the present invention, the specific surface area is a value measured by a BET method (one-point method) using nitrogen as an adsorbed substance.
また、直径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bの上限値は特に制限されないが、例えば0.60cc/g以下、好ましくは0.50cc/g以下が挙げられる。 The pore volume B (cc / g) having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less is, for example, 0.25 cc / g or more, preferably 0.35 cc / g or more from the viewpoint of obtaining good adsorption performance per unit specific surface area. Good.
Further, the upper limit value of the pore volume B having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less is not particularly limited, and for example, 0.60 cc / g or less, preferably 0.50 cc / g or less.
また、直径1.5nm以下の細孔容積(cc/g)の上限値は特に制限されないが、例えば0.7cc/g以下が挙げられる。 In the activated carbon produced by the production method of the present invention, the pore volume (cc / g) having a diameter of 1.5 nm or less is, for example, 0.45 cc / g or more from the viewpoint of obtaining good adsorption performance per unit specific surface area. Preferably it may be 0.5 cc / g or more.
Moreover, the upper limit value of the pore volume (cc / g) having a diameter of 1.5 nm or less is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 0.7 cc / g or less.
また、直径2.0nm以下の細孔容積C(cc/g)の上限値は特に制限されないが、例えば0.8cc/g以下が挙げられる。 In the activated carbon produced by the production method of the present invention, the pore volume C (cc / g) having a diameter of 2.0 nm or less is, for example, 0.35 cc / g or more from the viewpoint of obtaining good adsorption performance per unit specific surface area. , Preferably 0.45 cc / g or more.
Further, the upper limit value of the pore volume C (cc / g) having a diameter of 2.0 nm or less is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 0.8 cc / g or less.
本発明の製造方法では後述のとおり金属成分を用いるため、得られる活性炭には当該金属成分が残存している。活性炭の総質量に対する、該活性炭に含有される金属成分の割合(金属元素換算)は、例えば、0.15~0.60質量%であってよく、好ましくは0.15~0.45質量%であってよく、より好ましくは0.20~0.40質量%であってよい。活性炭中の上記割合は、ICP発光分光分析装置(Varian社製型式715-ES)により測定される金属元素換算の割合である。 [1-2. Metal content in activated carbon]
Since the metal component is used in the production method of the present invention as described later, the metal component remains in the obtained activated carbon. The ratio of the metal component contained in the activated carbon to the total mass of the activated carbon (in terms of metal element) may be, for example, 0.15 to 0.60 mass%, preferably 0.15 to 0.45 mass%. More preferably, it may be 0.20 to 0.40% by mass. The above ratio in the activated carbon is a ratio in terms of a metal element measured by an ICP emission spectroscopic analyzer (model 715-ES manufactured by Varian).
本発明の製造方法によって製造される活性炭の形態は特に限定されないが、例えば、粒状活性炭、粉末状活性炭、繊維状活性炭等が挙げられる。フィルター加工等して用いる場合の加工性、又は浄水器等で使用する場合吸着速度の観点から、繊維状である繊維状活性炭とすることがより好ましい。なお、本発明において、吸着速度は、例えばトリハロメタンの通水吸着試験等により評価することができる。繊維状活性炭の平均繊維径としては、好ましくは30μm以下、より好ましくは5~20μm程度が挙げられる。なお、本発明における平均繊維径は、画像処理繊維径測定装置(JIS K 1477に準拠)により測定した値である。また、粒状活性炭及び粉末状活性炭の粒径としては、レーザー回折/散乱式法で測定した積算体積百分率D50が0.01~5mmが挙げられる。 [1-3. Activated carbon form]
Although the form of the activated carbon manufactured by the manufacturing method of this invention is not specifically limited, For example, granular activated carbon, powdered activated carbon, fibrous activated carbon, etc. are mentioned. From the viewpoint of workability when used in filter processing or the like, or when used in a water purifier or the like, it is more preferable to use fibrous activated carbon that is fibrous. In the present invention, the adsorption rate can be evaluated by, for example, a trihalomethane water adsorption test. The average fiber diameter of the fibrous activated carbon is preferably 30 μm or less, more preferably about 5 to 20 μm. In addition, the average fiber diameter in this invention is the value measured with the image processing fiber diameter measuring apparatus (based on JISK1477). Examples of the particle sizes of the granular activated carbon and the powdered activated carbon include an integrated volume percentage D 50 measured by a laser diffraction / scattering method of 0.01 to 5 mm.
本発明の製造方法によって製造される活性炭は、気相中または液相中のいずれでも使用することができるが、特に、気相中のジクロロメタンを吸着させるために好適に用いられる。 [1-4. Activated carbon adsorption performance]
The activated carbon produced by the production method of the present invention can be used either in the gas phase or in the liquid phase, but is particularly preferably used for adsorbing dichloromethane in the gas phase.
平衡吸着量(質量%)=質量増加分/活性炭質量×100 Examples of the dichloromethane adsorption performance (equilibrium adsorption amount (% by mass)) that can be provided in the activated carbon produced by the production method of the present invention include 60% by mass or more, preferably 65% by mass or more, and more preferably 75% by mass. % Or more, and particularly preferably 80% by mass or more. The dichloromethane adsorption performance is measured as follows. That is, the activated carbon sample is dried with a dryer at 110 ° C. for 12 hours, cooled with a desiccator, and 0.5 g is quickly measured and filled into a U-shaped tube. Next, the adsorption operation is performed by blowing dry air at a flow rate of 500 ml / min into dichloromethane (special grade reagent, containing 0.5% of methanol in the stabilizer) in a constant temperature bath at 28 ° C. and introducing it into the U-shaped tube. . The equilibrium point is calculated when the mass increase of the activated carbon stops, and the equilibrium adsorption amount is calculated by the following equation.
Equilibrium adsorption amount (% by mass) = mass increase / active carbon mass x 100
本発明の製造方法において、活性炭の原料となる活性炭前駆体には、特定の金属成分が含まれている。 [2. Activated carbon precursor]
In the production method of the present invention, a specific metal component is contained in the activated carbon precursor that is a raw material of the activated carbon.
炭酸ガス賦活は、活性炭前駆体中の炭素と炭酸ガスとの反応(Cx+CO2→2CO+Cx-1)によって細孔が生成するものである。また、この炭素と炭酸ガスとの反応は、後述の金属成分による触媒的な作用により促進される。炭素と炭酸ガスとの反応及びその促進効果は、活性炭前駆体の原料種及び形態によらずに共通である。したがって、活性炭前駆体の原料種及び形態としては特に制限されるものではない。 [2-1. Raw material of activated carbon precursor]
In the carbon dioxide gas activation, pores are generated by the reaction (C x + CO 2 → 2CO + C x-1 ) between carbon in the activated carbon precursor and carbon dioxide gas. Further, the reaction between carbon and carbon dioxide gas is promoted by a catalytic action by a metal component described later. The reaction between carbon and carbon dioxide and the promoting effect thereof are common regardless of the raw material species and form of the activated carbon precursor. Therefore, the raw material species and form of the activated carbon precursor are not particularly limited.
金属成分は、炭酸ガス賦活における炭素と炭酸ガスとの反応を触媒的な作用により促進する。金属成分を構成する金属元素は、第2族元素、第3族元素、第4族元素、第5族元素、第6族元素、第7族元素及び第9族元素、並びに希土類元素からなる群から1種または複数種が選択される。 [2-2. Metal component]
The metal component promotes the reaction between carbon and carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide activation by catalytic action. The metal element constituting the metal component is a group consisting of a Group 2 element, a Group 3 element, a Group 4 element, a Group 5 element, a Group 6 element, a Group 7 element and a Group 9 element, and a rare earth element 1 type or multiple types are selected from.
一方、炭酸ガス賦活促進効果を制御する観点からは、第2族元素、第3族元素、第4族元素、第5族元素、第7族元素、及び希土類元素のうち上述のMg、Y、Zr、V、Mn、La及びCe以外の元素を選択することもできる。 The metal element constituting the metal component is selected from one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of Group 2 elements, Group 3 elements, Group 4 elements, Group 5 elements, Group 7 elements, and rare earth elements Good. Examples of the Group 2 element include Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra. Examples of the Group 3 element include Sc and Y. Examples of Group 4 elements include Ti, Zr, and Hf. Examples of Group 5 elements include V, Nb, and Ta. Examples of the Group 7 element include Mn, Tc, and Re. Examples of rare earth elements include La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu. Among these, Mg is preferable as the Group 2 element, Y is preferable as the Group 3 element, Zr and Ti are preferable as the Group 4 element, from the viewpoint of obtaining a large carbon dioxide activation promoting effect. V is preferable as the group element, Mn is preferable as the Group 7 element, and La and Ce are preferable as the rare earth element. Furthermore, when it is assumed to be used in a water purifier or the like, there are micropores having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less that contribute effectively to adsorption and fine mesopores that assist the diffusion of the adsorbate in the pores. A pore structure is preferable, and Y, Mg, Ce, and Ti are preferable as the metal element from this viewpoint. Moreover, when assuming a gas adsorption application, it is preferable to increase the specific surface area by keeping the ratio of pores having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less high, and from this viewpoint, V is preferable as the metal element.
On the other hand, from the viewpoint of controlling the carbon dioxide activation promoting effect, the above-mentioned Mg, Y, among the Group 2 element, Group 3 element, Group 4 element, Group 5 element, Group 7 element, and rare earth element are included. Elements other than Zr, V, Mn, La and Ce can also be selected.
導入ガス(賦活炉に導入するガス)は、炭酸ガス(二酸化炭素)を用い、本願効果の損なわない範囲で窒素、一酸化炭素、希ガス等を含有させることもできる。 [2-3. Introduced gas]
Carbon dioxide gas (carbon dioxide) is used as the introduction gas (gas introduced into the activation furnace), and nitrogen, carbon monoxide, a rare gas, or the like can be contained within a range that does not impair the effects of the present application.
賦活工程における賦活炉内の雰囲気温度(賦活温度)は、例えば800~1000℃、好ましくは900~1000℃であってよい。 [2-4. Activation temperature and activation time]
The atmospheric temperature (activation temperature) in the activation furnace in the activation step may be, for example, 800 to 1000 ° C., preferably 900 to 1000 ° C.
本発明の製造方法によれば、金属成分を含む活性炭前駆体を導入ガスとして炭酸ガスで賦活し、全細孔容積Aに対する直径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bの比(細孔容積B/全細孔容積A)が0.5以上である活性炭を得る賦活工程を含み、前記金属成分を構成する金属元素が、第2族元素、第3族元素、第4族元素、第5族元素、第7族元素、及び希土類元素からなる群から選択されることから、直径1.0nm以下の極小サイズのミクロ孔の割合を高めた活性炭を効率良く製造する方法が提供される。本発明において、好ましい比表面積の発達速度としては、例えば、比表面積800m2/gに到達するまでの発達速度が25m2/g/min以上が好ましく、30m2/g/min以上がより好ましく、40m2/g/min以上が好ましく、50m2/g/min以上が特に好ましい。また、比表面積1100m2/gに到達するまでの発達速度が25m2/g/min以上が好ましく、30m2/g/min以上がより好ましく、40m2/g/min以上が好ましく、50m2/g/min以上が特に好ましい。 [2-5. Specific surface area development speed]
According to the production method of the present invention, activated carbon precursor containing a metal component is activated with carbon dioxide gas as an introduction gas, and the ratio of pore volume B having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less to total pore volume A (pore volume B / Including an activation step of obtaining activated carbon having a total pore volume A) of 0.5 or more, and the metal elements constituting the metal component are Group 2 elements, Group 3 elements, Group 4 elements, Group 5 elements Therefore, there is provided a method for efficiently producing activated carbon having an increased proportion of micropores having a minimum size of 1.0 nm or less in diameter, which is selected from the group consisting of Group 7 elements and rare earth elements. In the present invention, the preferred specific surface area development rate is, for example, preferably 25 m 2 / g / min or more, more preferably 30 m 2 / g / min or more, until the specific surface area reaches 800 m 2 / g. 40 m 2 / g / min or more is preferable, and 50 m 2 / g / min or more is particularly preferable. Further, preferably at least 25m 2 / g / min developmental rate to reach a specific surface area of 1100 m 2 / g, more preferably at least 30m 2 / g / min, more 40m 2 / g / min is preferable, 50 m 2 / Particularly preferred is g / min or more.
本発明の製造方法は、前述した賦活工程のほかに、他の工程を含むものであっても良い。他の工程としては、活性炭の製造方法で公知の工程が挙げられ、例えば、賦活工程の前に有機質材料を所定の形状に成形する成形工程(繊維状活性炭の場合は紡糸工程を含む。)や不融化工程を含むことが挙げられる。また、得られる活性炭が浄水器用途である場合は、賦活工程の後に、得られた活性炭の表面に付着している金属成分を洗浄する洗浄工程を含むことができる。 [2-6. Other processes]
The manufacturing method of the present invention may include other steps in addition to the activation step described above. Examples of other processes include processes known in the method for producing activated carbon, such as a molding process (including a spinning process in the case of fibrous activated carbon) that molds an organic material into a predetermined shape before the activation process. It includes the infusibilization step. Moreover, when the obtained activated carbon is a water purifier use, the washing | cleaning process of wash | cleaning the metal component adhering to the surface of the obtained activated carbon can be included after an activation process.
(1)不融化したピッチ繊維(活性炭前駆体)の金属含有量(質量%)
ピッチ繊維を灰化処理し、灰分を酸に溶解しICP発光分光分析装置(Varian社製型式715-ES)により測定される金属元素換算の割合を金属含有量とした。 Each Example and Comparative Example were evaluated by the following methods.
(1) Metal content (mass%) of infusible pitch fiber (activated carbon precursor)
The pitch fiber was incinerated, the ash was dissolved in acid, and the ratio in terms of metal element measured by an ICP emission spectrophotometer (Varian model 715-ES) was defined as the metal content.
導入ガスの組成は、JIS K 0301 5.1 オルザット式分析方法に従い測定した。 (2) Composition of introduced gas The composition of the introduced gas was measured according to JIS K 0301 5.1 Orsat analysis method.
繊維状活性炭を酸に溶解しICP発光分光分析装置(Varian社製型式715-ES)により測定される金属元素換算の割合を金属含有量とした。 (3) Metal content in activated carbon The fibrous elemental activated carbon was dissolved in an acid, and the ratio in terms of metal element measured by an ICP emission spectroscopic analyzer (model 715-ES manufactured by Varian) was defined as the metal content.
比表面積はBET法によって相対圧0.1の測定点から計算した。
細孔物性値は、Quantachrome社製「AUTOSORB-1-MP」を用いて77Kにおける窒素吸着等温線より測定した。全細孔容積及び下記各表に記載した各細孔径範囲における細孔容積は、測定した窒素脱着等温線に対し、Calculation modelとしてN2 at 77K on carbon[slit pore,QSDFT equilibrium model]を適用して細孔径分布を計算することで、解析した。具体的に、下記各表に記載した各細孔径における細孔容積は、窒素吸脱着等温線から得られる細孔径分布図の読み取り値である。より具体的に、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは、細孔径分布図の横軸Pore Widthが1.0nmにおけるCumulative Pore Volume(cc/g)の読み取り値である。同様にして、細孔径1.5nm以下の細孔容積、細孔径2.0nm以下の細孔(つまりミクロ細孔)容積Cを得た。
細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bを、QSDFT解析により得られる全細孔容積Aで除することで計算した。ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は、細孔径2.0nm以下の細孔容積Cを、QSDFT解析により与えられる全細孔容積Aで除し百分率で表した。メソ細孔容積率(%)は、100%からミクロ細孔容積率(%)を減ずることで計算した。 (4) Specific surface area (m 2 / g) and pore volume (cc / g)
The specific surface area was calculated from the measurement point of relative pressure 0.1 by the BET method.
The pore physical properties were measured from a nitrogen adsorption isotherm at 77K using “AUTOSORB-1-MP” manufactured by Quantachrome. For the total pore volume and the pore volume in each pore diameter range described in the following tables, N 2 at 77K on carbon [slit pore, QSDFT equilibrium model] is applied as a calibration model to the measured nitrogen desorption isotherm. Thus, the pore size distribution was calculated and analyzed. Specifically, the pore volume at each pore diameter described in the following tables is a reading of a pore diameter distribution chart obtained from a nitrogen adsorption / desorption isotherm. More specifically, the pore volume B having a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less is a readout value of Cumulative Pore Volume (cc / g) when the horizontal axis Pore Width of the pore diameter distribution chart is 1.0 nm. Similarly, a pore volume having a pore diameter of 1.5 nm or less and a pore (that is, micropore) volume C having a pore diameter of 2.0 nm or less were obtained.
The pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was calculated by dividing the pore volume B with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less by the total pore volume A obtained by QSDFT analysis. The micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) was expressed as a percentage by dividing the pore volume C having a pore diameter of 2.0 nm or less by the total pore volume A given by the QSDFT analysis. The mesopore volume ratio (%) was calculated by subtracting the micropore volume ratio (%) from 100%.
1.0nm以下の細孔発達速度は、1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bを賦活時間で除することで計算した。比表面積の発達速度は、BET比表面積を賦活時間で除することで計算した。 (5) A pore growth rate of 1.0 nm or less and a pore development rate of 1.0 nm or less were calculated by dividing a pore volume B of 1.0 nm or less by an activation time. The development rate of the specific surface area was calculated by dividing the BET specific surface area by the activation time.
画像処理繊維径測定装置(JIS K 1477に準拠)により測定した。 (6) Fiber diameter of fibrous activated carbon (μm)
It measured with the image processing fiber diameter measuring apparatus (based on JISK1477).
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチ100質量部に対して金属成分としてトリスアセチルアセトナトイットリウム(CAS番号:15554-47-9)0.5質量部を添加し混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、イットリウムの含有量は0.10質量%であった。 Example 1
As an organic material, a mixture obtained by adding 0.5 parts by mass of trisacetylacetonatoyttrium (CAS number: 15554-47-9) as a metal component to 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. and mixing them, Pitch fibers were obtained by feeding to a melt extruder, melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the yttrium content was 0.10% by mass.
賦活時間を44分とした以外は実施例1と同様にし、実施例2の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1237m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.491cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は99%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.383cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.779であった。 (Example 2)
Activated carbon of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the activation time was 44 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1237 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.491 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 99%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.383 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.779.
賦活時間を58分とした以外は実施例1と同様にし、実施例3の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1603m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.654cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は97%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.434cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.663であった。 (Example 3)
Activated carbon of Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as Example 1 except that the activation time was 58 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1603 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.654 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 97%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.434 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.663.
金属成分(トリスアセチルアセトナトイットリウム)の添加量を1.0質量部(活性炭前駆体中の金属含有量は0.16質量%)とし、賦活時間を25分とした以外は実施例1と同様にし、実施例4の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積917m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.381cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は95%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.278cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.730であった。 Example 4
Example 1 except that the addition amount of the metal component (trisacetylacetonatoyttrium) was 1.0 part by mass (the metal content in the activated carbon precursor was 0.16% by mass) and the activation time was 25 minutes. The activated carbon of Example 4 was obtained. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 917 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.381 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 95%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.278 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.730.
賦活時間を32分とした以外は実施例4と同様にし、実施例5の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1168m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.502cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は92%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.302cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.602であった。 (Example 5)
Activated carbon of Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as Example 4 except that the activation time was 32 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1168 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.502 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 92%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.302 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.602.
賦活時間を40分とした以外は実施例4と同様にし、実施例6の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1338m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.592cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は90%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.352cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.595であった。 (Example 6)
Activated carbon of Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the activation time was 40 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1338 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.592 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 90%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.352 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.595.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチ100質量部に対してアセチルアセトンマグネシウム(II)(CAS番号:14024-56-7)2.3質量部を混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、マグネシウムの含有量は0.18質量%であった。 (Example 7)
As an organic material, a mixture of 2.3 parts by mass of acetylacetone magnesium (II) (CAS number: 14024-56-7) with 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder. Then, melt mixing was performed at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spinning was performed at a discharge rate of 16 g / min to obtain pitch fibers. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the magnesium content was 0.18% by mass.
賦活時間を40分とした以外は実施例7と同様にし、実施例8の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1461m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.635cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は87%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.417cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.656であった。 (Example 8)
Activated carbon of Example 8 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the activation time was 40 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1461 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.635 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 87%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.417 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.656.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチ100質量部に対して安息香酸マンガン(CAS番号:636-13-5)1.7質量部を混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、マンガンの含有量は0.20質量%であった。 Example 9
As an organic material, a mixture of 1.7 parts by mass of manganese benzoate (CAS number: 636-13-5) to 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder, Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C. and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the manganese content was 0.20% by mass.
賦活時間を40分とした以外は実施例9と同様にし、実施例10の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1214m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.484cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は98%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.348cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.720であった。 (Example 10)
Activated carbon of Example 10 was obtained in the same manner as Example 9 except that the activation time was 40 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1214 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.484 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 98%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.348 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.720.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチ100質量部に対してアセチルアセトナトランタン(CAS番号:64424-12-0)1.3質量部を混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、ランタンの含有量は0.21質量%であった。 (Example 11)
As an organic material, a mixture of 1.3 parts by mass of acetylacetonatlantan (CAS number: 64424-12-0) to 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder. Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C. and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the content of lanthanum was 0.21% by mass.
賦活時間を25分とした以外は実施例11と同様にし、実施例12の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積758m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.304cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は97%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.256cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.841であった。 (Example 12)
Activated carbon of Example 12 was obtained in the same manner as Example 11 except that the activation time was 25 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 758 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.304 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 97%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.256 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.841.
賦活時間を30分とした以外は実施例11と同様にし、実施例13の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積916m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.368cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は96%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.283cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.770であった。 (Example 13)
Activated carbon of Example 13 was obtained in the same manner as Example 11 except that the activation time was 30 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 916 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.368 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 96%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.283 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.770.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチ100質量部に対してビス(2,4-ペンタンジオナト)バナジウム(IV)オキシド(CAS番号:3153-26-2)1.3質量部を混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、バナジウムの含有量は0.18質量%であった。 (Example 14)
As an organic material, 1.3 parts by mass of bis (2,4-pentanedionato) vanadium (IV) oxide (CAS number: 3153-26-2) per 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. The mixture was supplied to a melt extruder, melted and mixed at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spun at a discharge rate of 16 g / min to obtain pitch fibers. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the vanadium content was 0.18% by mass.
賦活時間を25分とした以外は実施例14と同様にし、実施例15の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1426m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.569cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は97%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.437cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.767であった。 (Example 15)
Activated carbon of Example 15 was obtained in the same manner as Example 14 except that the activation time was 25 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1426 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.569 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 97%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.437 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.767.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチ100質量部に対してアセチルアセトナトジルコニウム(CAS番号:17501-44-9)0.8質量部を混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、ジルコニウムの含有量は0.19質量%であった。 (Example 16)
As an organic material, a mixture of 0.8 parts by mass of acetylacetonatozirconium (CAS number: 17501-44-9) to 100 parts by mass of granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder. Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C. and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the zirconium content was 0.19% by mass.
賦活時間を40分とした以外は実施例16と同様にし、実施例17の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1052m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.445cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は91%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.315cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.707であった。 (Example 17)
Activated carbon of Example 17 was obtained in the same manner as Example 16 except that the activation time was 40 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1052 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.445 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 91%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.315 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.707.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状ピッチ100質量部に対してアセチルアセトナトセリウム(CAS番号:15653-01-7)0.8質量部を混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、セリウムの含有量は0.14質量%であった。 (Example 18)
As an organic material, a mixture of 0.8 parts by mass of acetylacetonatocerium (CAS number: 15653-01-7) to 100 parts by mass of a granular pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder, Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C. and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the cerium content was 0.14% by mass.
賦活時間を35分とした以外は実施例18と同様にし、実施例19の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1078m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.464cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は89%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.337cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.726であった。 (Example 19)
Activated carbon of Example 19 was obtained in the same manner as Example 18 except that the activation time was 35 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1078 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.464 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 89%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.337 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.726.
賦活時間を45分とした以外は実施例18と同様にし、実施例20の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1249m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.550cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は88%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.352cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.641であった。 (Example 20)
Activated carbon of Example 20 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 18 except that the activation time was 45 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1249 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.550 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 88%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.352 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.641.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状ピッチ100質量部に対して(2,4-ペンタンジオナト)モリブデン(VI)ジオキシド(CAS番号:17524-05-9)0.8質量部を混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、モリブデンの含有量は0.23質量%であった。 (Example 21)
As an organic material, 0.8 part by mass of (2,4-pentanedionato) molybdenum (VI) dioxide (CAS number: 17524-05-9) was mixed with 100 parts by mass of a granular pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. The product was supplied to a melt extruder, melted and mixed at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spun at a discharge rate of 16 g / min to obtain pitch fibers. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the molybdenum content was 0.23% by mass.
賦活時間を40分とした以外は実施例21と同様にし、実施例22の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1171m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.479cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は95%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.365cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.761であった。 (Example 22)
Activated carbon of Example 22 was obtained in the same manner as Example 21 except that the activation time was 40 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1171 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.479 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 95%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.365 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.761.
賦活時間を60分とした以外は実施例21と同様にし、実施例23の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1684m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.714cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は92%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.427cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.598であった。 (Example 23)
Activated carbon of Example 23 was obtained in the same manner as Example 21 except that the activation time was 60 minutes. The obtained activated carbon had a specific surface area of 1684 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.714 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 92%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.427 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.598.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状ピッチ100質量部に対してアセチルアセトナトコバルト(CAS番号:21679-46-9)1.5質量部を混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、コバルトの含有量は0.21質量%であった。 (Example 24)
As an organic material, a mixture of 1.5 parts by mass of acetylacetonatocobalt (CAS number: 21679-46-9) to 100 parts by mass of a granular pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is supplied to a melt extruder, Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C. and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the cobalt content was 0.21% by mass.
賦活時間を40分とした以外は実施例24と同様にし、実施例25の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1447m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.616cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は89%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.431cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.700であった。 (Example 25)
Activated carbon of Example 25 was obtained in the same manner as Example 24 except that the activation time was 40 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1447 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.616 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 89%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.431 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.700.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状ピッチ100質量部に対してビス(2,4-ペンタンジオナト)チタン(IV)オキシド(CAS番号:14024-64-7)1.4質量部を混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、チタンの含有量は0.25質量%であった。 (Example 26)
As an organic material, 1.4 parts by mass of bis (2,4-pentanedionato) titanium (IV) oxide (CAS number: 14024-64-7) is mixed with 100 parts by mass of a granular pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. The product was supplied to a melt extruder, melted and mixed at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spun at a discharge rate of 16 g / min to obtain pitch fibers. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the titanium content was 0.25% by mass.
賦活時間を40分とした以外は実施例26と同様にし、実施例27の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1170m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.557cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は80%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.320cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.575であった。 (Example 27)
Activated carbon of Example 27 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 26 except that the activation time was 40 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1170 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.557 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 80%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.320 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.575.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量20g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。金属成分は未添加であるため、該活性炭前駆体の金属含有量は0質量%である。 (Comparative Example 1)
As an organic material, granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. was supplied to a melt extruder, melted and mixed at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spun at a discharge rate of 20 g / min to obtain pitch fibers. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. Since the metal component is not added, the metal content of the activated carbon precursor is 0% by mass.
賦活時間を90分とした以外は比較例1と同様にし、比較例2の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1304m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.497cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は100%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.428cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.862であった。 (Comparative Example 2)
Activated carbon of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the activation time was 90 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1304 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.497 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.428 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.862.
賦活時間を125分とした以外は比較例1と同様にし、比較例3の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1741m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.692cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は100%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.462cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.667であった。 (Comparative Example 3)
Activated carbon of Comparative Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the activation time was 125 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1741 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.692 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.462 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.667.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチ100質量部に対して金属成分としてカプリル酸亜鉛(CAS番号:557-09-5)1.3質量部を添加し混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、亜鉛の含有量は0.19質量%であった。 (Comparative Example 4)
As an organic material, a mixture obtained by adding 1.3 parts by mass of zinc caprylate (CAS number: 557-09-5) as a metal component to 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is melt-extruded. Pitch fiber was obtained by feeding to a machine, melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the zinc content was 0.19% by mass.
賦活時間を100分とした以外は比較例4と同様にし、比較例5の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1484m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.577cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は100%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.467cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.809であった。 (Comparative Example 5)
Activated carbon of Comparative Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 4 except that the activation time was 100 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1484 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.577 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.467 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.809.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチ100質量部に対して金属成分としてアセチルアセトナト銅(CAS番号:13395-16-9)1.0質量部を添加し混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、銅の含有量は0.18質量%であった。 (Comparative Example 6)
As an organic material, a mixture of 1.0 part by mass of acetylacetonato copper (CAS number: 13395-16-9) as a metal component and mixed with 100 parts by mass of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. is melted. Pitch fibers were obtained by feeding to an extruder, melting and mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the copper content was 0.18% by mass.
賦活時間を130分とした以外は比較例6と同様にし、比較例7の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1690m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.681cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は100%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.415cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.610であった。 (Comparative Example 7)
Activated carbon of Comparative Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 6 except that the activation time was 130 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1690 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.681 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.415 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.610.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチ100質量部に対して金属成分としてセバシン酸銀0.7質量部を添加し混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、銀の含有量は0.27質量%であった。 (Comparative Example 8)
As an organic material, 0.7 parts by mass of silver sebacate added as a metal component to 100 parts by mass of granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. and mixed, are supplied to a melt extruder and melted at 320 ° C. Pitch fibers were obtained by melt mixing and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the silver content was 0.27% by mass.
賦活時間を100分とした以外は比較例8と同様にし、比較例9の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1280m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.495cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は100%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.397cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.802であった。 (Comparative Example 9)
Activated carbon of Comparative Example 9 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 8 except that the activation time was 100 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1280 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.495 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.397 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.802.
賦活時間を130分とした以外は比較例8と同様にし、比較例10の活性炭を得た。得られた活性炭は、比表面積1730m2/g、全細孔容積Aは0.700cc/g、ミクロ細孔容積率({C/A}×100)は100%、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bは0.420cc/g、細孔径1.0nm以下の細孔容積比(B/A)は0.600であった。 (Comparative Example 10)
Activated carbon of Comparative Example 10 was obtained in the same manner as Comparative Example 8 except that the activation time was 130 minutes. The obtained activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1730 m 2 / g, a total pore volume A of 0.700 cc / g, a micropore volume ratio ({C / A} × 100) of 100%, and a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less. The pore volume B was 0.420 cc / g, and the pore volume ratio (B / A) with a pore diameter of 1.0 nm or less was 0.600.
有機質材料として、軟化点が280℃の粒状石炭ピッチ100質量部に対して金属成分としてトリスアセチルアセトナトイットリウム(CAS番号:15554-47-9)1.3質量部を添加し混合したものを、溶融押出機に供給し、溶融温度320℃で溶融混合し、吐出量16g/minで紡糸することによりピッチ繊維を得た。得られたピッチ繊維を空気中常温から354℃まで1~30℃/分の割合で54分間昇温することにより不融化処理をおこない、不融化されたピッチ繊維である活性炭前駆体を得た。該活性炭前駆体において、イットリウムの含有量は0.25質量%であった。 (Comparative Example 11)
As an organic material, a material obtained by adding 1.3 parts by weight of trisacetylacetonatoyttrium (CAS number: 15554-47-9) as a metal component to 100 parts by weight of a granular coal pitch having a softening point of 280 ° C. and mixing them, Pitch fibers were obtained by feeding to a melt extruder, melt mixing at a melting temperature of 320 ° C., and spinning at a discharge rate of 16 g / min. The obtained pitch fiber was heated from normal temperature to 354 ° C. in air at a rate of 1 to 30 ° C./min for 54 minutes to effect infusibilization to obtain an activated carbon precursor as an infusible pitch fiber. In the activated carbon precursor, the yttrium content was 0.25% by mass.
Claims (13)
- 金属成分を含む活性炭前駆体を導入ガスとして炭酸ガスで賦活し、全細孔容積Aに対する直径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bの比(細孔容積B/全細孔容積A)が0.5以上である活性炭を得る賦活工程を含み、
前記金属成分を構成する金属元素が、第2族元素、第3族元素、第4族元素、第5族元素、第7族元素、及び希土類元素からなる群から選択される、活性炭の製造方法。 The activated carbon precursor containing a metal component is activated with carbon dioxide gas as an introduction gas, and the ratio of the pore volume B with a diameter of 1.0 nm or less to the total pore volume A (pore volume B / total pore volume A) is 0. Including an activation step to obtain activated carbon that is 5 or more,
The method for producing activated carbon, wherein the metal element constituting the metal component is selected from the group consisting of Group 2 elements, Group 3 elements, Group 4 elements, Group 5 elements, Group 7 elements, and rare earth elements . - 前記金属元素が、Y、Mg、Mn、La、V、Zr、Ti及びCeからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 The method for producing activated carbon according to claim 1, wherein the metal element is selected from the group consisting of Y, Mg, Mn, La, V, Zr, Ti, and Ce.
- 前記金属元素が、Y、Mg、Ce、Ti及びVからなる群から選択される、請求項1又は2に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 The method for producing activated carbon according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal element is selected from the group consisting of Y, Mg, Ce, Ti and V.
- 金属成分を含む活性炭前駆体を導入ガスとして炭酸ガスで賦活し、全細孔容積Aに対する直径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bの比(細孔容積B/全細孔容積A)が0.5以上である活性炭を得る賦活工程を含み、
前記金属成分を構成する金属元素が、第6族元素及び第9族元素からなる群から選択される、活性炭の製造方法。 The activated carbon precursor containing a metal component is activated with carbon dioxide gas as an introduction gas, and the ratio of the pore volume B with a diameter of 1.0 nm or less to the total pore volume A (pore volume B / total pore volume A) is 0. Including an activation step to obtain activated carbon that is 5 or more,
The method for producing activated carbon, wherein the metal element constituting the metal component is selected from the group consisting of Group 6 elements and Group 9 elements. - 前記金属元素が、Mo及びCoからなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 The method for producing activated carbon according to claim 4, wherein the metal element is selected from the group consisting of Mo and Co.
- 前記活性炭の比表面積が600m2/g以上である、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 The manufacturing method of the activated carbon of any one of Claim 1 to 5 whose specific surface area of the said activated carbon is 600 m < 2 > / g or more.
- 前記賦活工程において、前記導入ガスの組成を変更しない、請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the composition of the introduced gas is not changed in the activation step.
- 前記導入ガスの流量が、前記活性炭前駆体1g当たり、0℃1気圧換算で1.5L/分以上である、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a flow rate of the introduced gas is 1.5 L / min or more in terms of 1 atm at 0 ° C per 1 g of the activated carbon precursor.
- 前記賦活工程における賦活温度が800~1000℃である、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein an activation temperature in the activation step is 800 to 1000 ° C.
- 前記活性炭前駆体中、前記金属成分の含有量が0.05~1.0質量%である、請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a content of the metal component is 0.05 to 1.0 mass% in the activated carbon precursor.
- 前記活性炭前駆体が、不融化したピッチである、請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the activated carbon precursor is an infusible pitch.
- 前記活性炭において、全細孔容積Aに対する直径2.0nm以下の細孔容積Cの割合({細孔容積C/細孔容積A}×100)が85%以上である、請求項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 In the activated carbon, the ratio of the pore volume C having a diameter of 2.0 nm or less to the total pore volume A ({pore volume C / pore volume A} × 100) is 85% or more. The manufacturing method of activated carbon of any one of Claims 1.
- 前記活性炭において、直径1.0nm以下の細孔容積Bが0.25cc/g以上である、請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。 The method for producing activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein in the activated carbon, a pore volume B having a diameter of 1.0 nm or less is 0.25 cc / g or more.
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